WO2017217457A1 - スルホン酸エステル化合物及びその利用 - Google Patents
スルホン酸エステル化合物及びその利用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017217457A1 WO2017217457A1 PCT/JP2017/021976 JP2017021976W WO2017217457A1 WO 2017217457 A1 WO2017217457 A1 WO 2017217457A1 JP 2017021976 W JP2017021976 W JP 2017021976W WO 2017217457 A1 WO2017217457 A1 WO 2017217457A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- group
- bis
- charge transporting
- sulfonic acid
- acid ester
- Prior art date
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- -1 Sulfonic acid ester compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- ONUFSRWQCKNVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5-pentafluoro-6-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)benzene Chemical group FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1C1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F ONUFSRWQCKNVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002490 anilino group Chemical class [H]N(*)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 128
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 45
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 42
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 42
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 41
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 33
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 30
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 18
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 15
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 11
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 150000001448 anilines Chemical class 0.000 description 9
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- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
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- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- UDONPJKEOAWFGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-3-phenoxybenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 UDONPJKEOAWFGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002140 halogenating effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XMVBHZBLHNOQON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butyl-1-octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCC(CO)CCCC XMVBHZBLHNOQON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 6
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 6
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 6
- NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3S)-octan-3-ol Natural products CCCCCC(O)CC NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WOFPPJOZXUTRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol Natural products CCCCC(O)CCC WOFPPJOZXUTRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 125000003172 aldehyde group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 5
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(n-naphthalen-1-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)C=C1 IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaleneacetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 4
- XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Cs+] XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 125000001037 p-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 4
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 3
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- OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CN1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-N-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)acetamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)NC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000003349 3-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
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- XXZLELDYHIKTBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K [Ir+3].CC(C(=O)[O-])(C(CC(C(C)(C)C)=O)=O)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2C=C1.C1(=CC=CC=C1)C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2C=C1.CC(C(=O)[O-])(C(CC(C(C)(C)C)=O)=O)C.CC(C(=O)[O-])(C(CC(C(C)(C)C)=O)=O)C Chemical compound [Ir+3].CC(C(=O)[O-])(C(CC(C(C)(C)C)=O)=O)C.C1(=CC=CC=C1)C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2C=C1.C1(=CC=CC=C1)C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2C=C1.CC(C(=O)[O-])(C(CC(C(C)(C)C)=O)=O)C.CC(C(=O)[O-])(C(CC(C(C)(C)C)=O)=O)C XXZLELDYHIKTBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetonate Chemical compound CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002078 anthracen-1-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000748 anthracen-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- GQVWHWAWLPCBHB-UHFFFAOYSA-L beryllium;benzo[h]quinolin-10-olate Chemical compound [Be+2].C1=CC=NC2=C3C([O-])=CC=CC3=CC=C21.C1=CC=NC2=C3C([O-])=CC=CC3=CC=C21 GQVWHWAWLPCBHB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- QJXVCEINEQQSPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-methylphenyl)-diphenylsilane Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1[Si](C=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 QJXVCEINEQQSPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis[(2-methylquinolin-8-yl)oxy]-(4-phenylphenoxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC([O-])=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- FCDNEESKPPIAJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[3,5-di(carbazol-9-yl)phenyl]-diphenylsilane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[Si](C=1C=C(C=C(C=1)N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21)N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21)(C=1C=C(C=C(C=1)N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21)N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21)C1=CC=CC=C1 FCDNEESKPPIAJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XZCJVWCMJYNSQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl pbd Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1C1=NN=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)O1 XZCJVWCMJYNSQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFUZCVTVOQHYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N c1ccc2c(cccc2c1)-c1c2ccccc2c(-c2ccc(cc2)-c2ccc(cc2)-c2c3ccccc3c(-c3cccc4ccccc34)c3ccccc23)c2ccccc12 Chemical group c1ccc2c(cccc2c1)-c1c2ccccc2c(-c2ccc(cc2)-c2ccc(cc2)-c2c3ccccc3c(-c3cccc4ccccc34)c3ccccc23)c2ccccc12 HFUZCVTVOQHYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- VBVAVBCYMYWNOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N coumarin 6 Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(C3=CC4=CC=C(C=C4OC3=O)N(CC)CC)=NC2=C1 VBVAVBCYMYWNOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ARUKYTASOALXFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cycloheptylcycloheptane Chemical group C1CCCCCC1C1CCCCCC1 ARUKYTASOALXFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N cyclohexylbenzene Chemical compound [CH]1CCCC[C@@H]1C1=CC=CC=C1 HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVIIMZNLDWSIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylcyclohexane Chemical group C1CCCCC1C1CCCCC1 WVIIMZNLDWSIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006547 cyclononyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000640 cyclooctyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- MAWOHFOSAIXURX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentylcyclopentane Chemical group C1CCCC1C1CCCC1 MAWOHFOSAIXURX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- AFBMXTJJCXKVRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl(phenyl)phosphane osmium(2+) 2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]pyridine Chemical compound [Os+2].CP(C)C1=CC=CC=C1.FC(F)(F)C1=NNC(C=2N=CC=CC=2)=N1.FC(F)(F)C1=NNC(C=2N=CC=CC=2)=N1 AFBMXTJJCXKVRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HASCQPSFPAKVEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl(phenyl)phosphine Chemical compound CP(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 HASCQPSFPAKVEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIJLKECZHOSSHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl-bis(4-pyridin-3-ylphenyl)silane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[Si](C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C=NC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C=NC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 UIJLKECZHOSSHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940116333 ethyl lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940051250 hexylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CECAIMUJVYQLKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium 1-phenylisoquinoline Chemical compound [Ir].C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 CECAIMUJVYQLKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BNASDYJRNOLPQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium 2-phenylquinoline Chemical compound [Ir].c1ccc(cc1)-c1ccc2ccccc2n1.c1ccc(cc1)-c1ccc2ccccc2n1.c1ccc(cc1)-c1ccc2ccccc2n1 BNASDYJRNOLPQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTRRAHGRSMFAKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium(3+);1-phenylpyrazole Chemical compound [Ir+3].C1=CC=NN1C1=CC=CC=[C-]1.C1=CC=NN1C1=CC=CC=[C-]1.C1=CC=NN1C1=CC=CC=[C-]1 QTRRAHGRSMFAKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEEXRMUCXBPYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium;2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound [Ir].C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 UEEXRMUCXBPYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium acetate Chemical compound [Li+].CC([O-])=O XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 229940031993 lithium benzoate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZQNWVCDSOIVSDI-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;8-hydroxyquinolin-2-olate Chemical compound [Li+].C1=C([O-])N=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 ZQNWVCDSOIVSDI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LDJNSLOKTFFLSL-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;benzoate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LDJNSLOKTFFLSL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SJCKRGFTWFGHGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium silver Chemical compound [Mg].[Ag] SJCKRGFTWFGHGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- GXMIHVHJTLPVKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,2-trimethylpropanamide Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)N(C)C GXMIHVHJTLPVKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJFKMIYGRJGWIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[3-methyl-4-[2-methyl-4-(n-naphthalen-1-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)=CC=C1C(C(=C1)C)=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZJFKMIYGRJGWIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CLTPAQDLCMKBIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(dinaphthalen-1-ylamino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-naphthalen-1-ylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N(C=3C=CC(=CC=3)C=3C=CC(=CC=3)N(C=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC=3)C=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC=3)C=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC=3)=CC=CC2=C1 CLTPAQDLCMKBIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QKCGXXHCELUCKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(dinaphthalen-2-ylamino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-naphthalen-2-ylnaphthalen-2-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(N(C=3C=CC(=CC=3)C=3C=CC(=CC=3)N(C=3C=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=3)C=3C=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=3)C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3)=CC=C21 QKCGXXHCELUCKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLFVVZKSHYCRDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(n-naphthalen-2-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylnaphthalen-2-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=C3C=CC=CC3=CC=2)C=C1 BLFVVZKSHYCRDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBFXFIPIIMAZPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(n-phenanthren-9-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylphenanthren-9-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2C=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C=2)C=C1 LBFXFIPIIMAZPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PKQHEBAYOGHIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[9-[4-(dinaphthalen-2-ylamino)phenyl]fluoren-9-yl]phenyl]-n-naphthalen-2-ylnaphthalen-2-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(N(C=3C=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=3)C3=CC=C(C=C3)C3(C=4C=CC(=CC=4)N(C=4C=C5C=CC=CC5=CC=4)C=4C=C5C=CC=CC5=CC=4)C4=CC=CC=C4C=4C3=CC=CC=4)=CC=C21 PKQHEBAYOGHIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- RYZPDEZIQWOVPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-naphthalen-1-yl-n-[4-[4-[naphthalen-1-yl(naphthalen-2-yl)amino]phenyl]phenyl]naphthalen-2-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N(C=3C=CC(=CC=3)C=3C=CC(=CC=3)N(C=3C=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=3)C=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC=3)C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3)=CC=CC2=C1 RYZPDEZIQWOVPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000611 organothio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQZFZDIZKWNWFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium(2+) Chemical compound [Os+2] MQZFZDIZKWNWFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 1
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentachloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000734 polysilsesquioxane polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002062 proliferating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VQMWBBYLQSCNPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N promethium atom Chemical compound [Pm] VQMWBBYLQSCNPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- WRHZVMBBRYBTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN1 WRHZVMBBRYBTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003233 pyrroles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- WPPDXAHGCGPUPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N red 2 Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=CC=CC=C11)=C(C=2C=3C4=CC=C5C6=CC=C7C8=C(C=9C=CC=CC=9)C9=CC=CC=C9C(C=9C=CC=CC=9)=C8C8=CC=C(C6=C87)C(C=35)=CC=2)C4=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 WPPDXAHGCGPUPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001226 reprecipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubrene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C11)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021286 stilbenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FVRNDBHWWSPNOM-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Sr+2] FVRNDBHWWSPNOM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001637 strontium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000001174 sulfone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007970 thio esters Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003577 thiophenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003613 toluenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- XSVXWCZFSFKRDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl-(3-triphenylsilylphenyl)silane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[Si](C=1C=C(C=CC=1)[Si](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 XSVXWCZFSFKRDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNQMQGXHWZCRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl-[4-(4-triphenylsilylphenyl)phenyl]silane Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1[Si](C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)[Si](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 LNQMQGXHWZCRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HITRWHKLCHWBNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl-[4-(9-phenylfluoren-9-yl)phenyl]silane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)[Si](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21 HITRWHKLCHWBNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RFDGVZHLJCKEPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,4,6-trimethyl-3-pyridin-3-ylphenyl)borane Chemical compound CC1=C(B(C=2C(=C(C=3C=NC=CC=3)C(C)=CC=2C)C)C=2C(=C(C=3C=NC=CC=3)C(C)=CC=2C)C)C(C)=CC(C)=C1C1=CC=CN=C1 RFDGVZHLJCKEPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTPBWAPZAJWXKY-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;quinolin-8-olate Chemical compound [Zn+2].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 HTPBWAPZAJWXKY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C309/00—Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
- C07C309/63—Esters of sulfonic acids
- C07C309/72—Esters of sulfonic acids having sulfur atoms of esterified sulfo groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton
- C07C309/75—Esters of sulfonic acids having sulfur atoms of esterified sulfo groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton containing singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D201/00—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
-
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sulfonic acid ester compound and use thereof.
- an organic electroluminescence (EL) element a charge transporting thin film made of an organic compound is used as a light emitting layer or a charge injection layer.
- the hole injection layer is responsible for charge transfer between the anode and the hole transport layer or the light emitting layer, and plays an important function to achieve low voltage driving and high luminance of the organic EL element.
- sulfonic acid compounds generally have low solubility in organic solvents, the solvent used in preparing an organic solution is likely to be limited, and N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone and the like have high solubility. It was necessary to use a highly polar organic solvent in a high ratio. An organic solution containing a high-polarity organic solvent in a high ratio may damage a part of an ink jet coating apparatus and organic structures such as an insulating film and a partition formed on a substrate. Moreover, since the sulfonic acid compound is highly polar, it has been difficult to remove salts by operations such as purification by silica gel column chromatography, liquid separation extraction, and water washing.
- sulfonic acid ester compounds are highly soluble in various organic solvents, and are known as materials that generate strong organic acids by external stimuli such as heating and chemical action.
- cyclohexyl ester of sulfonic acid or the like has been reported (Non-Patent Document 1), and this sulfonic acid ester compound is also attracting attention in the concept of a thermal acid proliferating agent ( Patent Document 5, Non-Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 5 Non-Patent Document 2
- sulfonic acid ester compounds that are substituted with electron-deficient aromatic rings such as aromatic disulfonic acids are particularly susceptible to decomposition by slight heat, reaction with water, basic substances, etc. Creation of acid ester compounds has been desired.
- JP 2002-151272 A International Publication No. 2004/043117 International Publication No. 2005/043962 International Publication No. 2005/000832 JP-A-7-134416 Japanese Patent No. 5,136,795
- Patent Document 6 a sulfonate compound having high stability and high solubility in a wide range of organic solvents.
- Patent Document 6 a sulfonate compound having high stability and high solubility in a wide range of organic solvents.
- the sulfonic acid ester compound is more stable and soluble in organic solvents than the sulfonic acid compounds and sulfonic acid ester compounds that have been used in the past, in order to dissolve in a low polarity solvent, the When stirring for a long time, the solution may precipitate if stored for a long time, and there is room for improvement in solubility and stability in organic solvents.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is a sulfonic acid ester that has excellent solubility in a low-polarity solvent and stability of varnish, and can realize excellent device characteristics when applied to an organic EL device.
- the object is to provide a compound.
- the present inventors have found that the ester of a predetermined sulfonic acid compound and an aliphatic alcohol compound is more soluble in a low-polar solvent than a conventional sulfonic acid ester compound.
- the present invention was completed by finding that it was excellent in storage stability when it was made into a solution.
- a sulfonic acid ester compound represented by the following formula (1) (Wherein R 1 and R 2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group, and R 3 represents a linear or branched monovalent fat. Represents a hydrocarbon group, and the total number of carbon atoms of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is 6 or more; A 1 represents —O— or —S—, A 2 represents an (n + 1) -valent aromatic group, and A 3 represents a substituted or unsubstituted m-valent carbon atom containing one or more aromatic rings.
- a sulfonic acid ester compound of 1 wherein R 1 is a hydrogen atom, and R 2 and R 3 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. 3. A sulfonic acid ester compound of 1 or 2, wherein A 2 is a group derived from naphthalene or anthracene. 4). A sulfonic acid ester compound of 3, wherein A 2 is a group derived from naphthalene. 5.
- An electron-accepting substance precursor comprising the sulfonic acid ester compound according to any one of 1 to 7.
- a charge transporting varnish comprising an electron acceptor precursor, a charge transporting material and an organic solvent. 10.
- An organic EL device comprising the charge transporting thin film according to 13.12.
- the sulfonic acid ester compound of the present invention exhibits high solubility in a wide range of organic solvents including low polar solvents, charge transportability can be achieved even when using low polar solvents or reducing the ratio of high polar solvents. Varnishes can be prepared. Moreover, it is excellent also in the storage stability at the time of making a solution. Low polarity organic solvent-based charge transport varnishes can be applied not only with inkjet coating equipment where solvent resistance is a problem, but also with structures that have solvent resistance problems such as insulating films and partition walls on the substrate. Even if it exists, it can be used, and as a result, an amorphous solid thin film having high flatness can be produced without any problem.
- the thin film obtained from the charge transporting varnish of the present invention exhibits high charge transportability, the driving voltage of the organic EL device can be lowered when used as a hole injection layer or a hole transport layer.
- the driving voltage of the organic EL device can be lowered when used as a hole injection layer or a hole transport layer.
- this thin film By utilizing the high flatness and high charge transport property of this thin film, it can be applied to a positive hole transport layer of a solar cell, a fuel cell electrode, a capacitor electrode protective film, and an antistatic film.
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group
- R 3 represents a linear or branched 1 Represents a valent aliphatic hydrocarbon group.
- the total number of carbon atoms of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is 6 or more.
- the upper limit of the total number of carbon atoms of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 or less, and more preferably 10 or less.
- the linear or branched monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group is not particularly limited, but is a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a tert-butyl group, C1-C18 alkyl groups such as n-hexyl group, n-octyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, decyl group; vinyl group, 1-propenyl group, 2-propenyl group, isopropenyl group, 1-methyl-2 -An alkenyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms such as a propenyl group, a 1-butenyl group, a 2-butenyl group, a 3-butenyl group, and a hexenyl group.
- R 1 is preferably a hydrogen atom
- R 2 and R 3 are preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. In this case, R 2 and R 3 may be the same or different.
- a 1 represents —O— or —S—, preferably —O—.
- a 2 represents an (n + 1) -valent aromatic group.
- a 3 represents a substituted or unsubstituted m-valent hydrocarbon group containing one or more aromatic rings.
- the (n + 1) -valent aromatic group represented by A 2 is a group obtained by removing (n + 1) hydrogen atoms from the aromatic ring of the aromatic compound.
- the aromatic compound include benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene and the like.
- a 2 is preferably a group derived from naphthalene or anthracene, and more preferably a group derived from naphthalene.
- the substituted or unsubstituted m-valent hydrocarbon group containing one or more aromatic rings represented by A 3 is an atom bonded to the carbon skeleton from a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon containing one or more aromatic rings or This is a group obtained by removing m atomic groups.
- hydrocarbon examples include benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, biphenyl, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, etc., and some or all of the hydrogen atoms of these groups are further hydroxy groups, amino groups, silanol groups, thiol groups, Carboxyl group, sulfonate group, phosphate group, phosphate group, ester group, thioester group, amide group, nitro group, monovalent hydrocarbon group, organooxy group, organoamino group, organosilyl group, organothio group, Examples thereof include those substituted with an acyl group, a sulfone group, a halogen atom or the like.
- a 3 is a divalent or trivalent derivative derived from 1,3,5-triazine.
- a divalent group, a divalent or trivalent group derived from substituted or unsubstituted naphthalene, a divalent to tetravalent group derived from perfluorobiphenyl, etc. are preferred, and a divalent perfluorobiphenyl group is even more preferred. preferable.
- m represents an integer satisfying 2 ⁇ m ⁇ 4, but 2 is preferable.
- n represents an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ n ⁇ 4, but 2 is preferable.
- the sulfonic acid ester compound of the present invention is represented by the following formula (1 ′) by reacting a sulfonate compound represented by the formula (1 ′′) with a halogenating agent as shown in the following scheme, for example.
- the sulfonyl halide compound is synthesized (hereinafter also referred to as step 1), and the sulfonyl halide compound is reacted with the alcohol compound represented by formula (2) (hereinafter also referred to as step 2).
- step 1 A 3
- R 1 to R 3 , m and n are the same as described above.
- M + represents a monovalent cation such as sodium ion, potassium ion, pyridinium ion or quaternary ammonium ion.
- Hal represents a halogen atom such as a chlorine atom or a bromine atom.
- the sulfonate compound represented by the formula (1 ′′) can be synthesized according to a known method.
- halogenating agent used in Step 1 examples include halogenating agents such as thionyl chloride, oxalyl chloride, phosphorus oxychloride, phosphorus (V) chloride, and thionyl chloride is preferable.
- the amount of the halogenating agent used is not limited as long as it is 1 mol or more with respect to the sulfonate compound, but it is preferably used in an amount of 2 to 10 times by mass with respect to the sulfonate compound.
- the reaction solvent used in Step 1 is preferably a solvent that does not react with the halogenating agent, and examples thereof include chloroform, dichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, hexane, heptane, and the like, but no solvent is suitable.
- the reaction is carried out without a solvent, it is preferable to use the halogenating agent in an amount that is equal to or greater than that in a homogeneous solution at the end of the reaction.
- the reaction temperature can be about 0 to 150 ° C., preferably 20 to 100 ° C. and not more than the boiling point of the halogenating agent used.
- the crude product obtained by vacuum concentration or the like is used in the next step.
- 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-butyl-1-octanol, 1-octanol, 3-nonanol and the like are preferable, and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2- Butyl-1-octanol and 1-octanol are more preferred.
- a base may be used in combination.
- the base that can be used include sodium hydride, pyridine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, and the like, and sodium hydride, pyridine, and triethylamine are preferable.
- the amount of the base used is preferably 1 mole to the amount of solvent relative to the sulfonyl halide compound (1 ′).
- reaction solvent used in Step 2 various organic solvents can be used, and tetrahydrofuran, dichloroethane, chloroform, and pyridine are preferable.
- the reaction temperature is not particularly limited but is preferably 0 to 80 ° C.
- a pure sulfonic acid ester compound can be obtained by post-treatment and purification using conventional methods such as vacuum concentration, liquid separation extraction, water washing, reprecipitation, recrystallization, chromatography and the like. In addition, it can also guide
- the sulfonic acid ester compound represented by the formula (1) is suitable as an acid generator or an electron-accepting substance precursor because sulfonic acid is generated by heat treatment or the like and the sulfonic acid compound exhibits electron accepting properties. Can be used.
- the electron-accepting substance is used for improving the electron transport ability and the film formation uniformity, and is synonymous with the electron-accepting dopant.
- the sulfonic acid ester compound represented by the formula (1) exhibits high solubility in a wide range of solvents including a low polarity solvent, it is possible to prepare physical properties of a solution using a wide variety of solvents. Application characteristics are high. Therefore, it is preferable to apply in the state of sulfonic acid ester and generate sulfonic acid at the time of drying or baking the coating film.
- the temperature at which the sulfonic acid is generated from the sulfonic acid ester is preferably 40 to 260 ° C. because it is stable at room temperature and preferably equal to or lower than the firing temperature. Furthermore, considering the high stability in the varnish and the ease of desorption during firing, the temperature is preferably 80 to 230 ° C, more preferably 120 to 180 ° C.
- the sulfonic acid ester compound represented by the formula (1) can be made into a charge transporting varnish by being dissolved or dispersed in an organic solvent together with a charge transporting substance which is a main body of the charge transport mechanism.
- the charge transporting varnish of the present invention includes an electron accepting material precursor composed of a compound represented by the formula (1), a charge transporting material, and an organic solvent.
- charge transportability is synonymous with conductivity.
- the charge transporting varnish may be one that has charge transporting property itself, and the solid film obtained thereby may have charge transporting property.
- charge transporting substance those conventionally used in the field of organic EL can be used, and specific examples include charge transporting oligomers such as aniline derivatives, thiophene derivatives, and pyrrole derivatives.
- the molecular weight of the charge transporting oligomer is usually 200 to 8,000, but from the viewpoint of preparing a varnish that gives a thin film having a high charge transporting property, it is preferably 300 or more, more preferably 400 or more, and even more preferably 500. From the viewpoint of preparing a uniform varnish that gives a thin film with high flatness, it is preferably 6,000 or less, more preferably 5,000 or less, even more preferably 4,000 or less, More preferably, it is 3,000 or less.
- an aniline derivative is preferable in consideration of the solubility in an organic solvent and the balance of charge transporting properties of the obtained thin film.
- aniline derivatives include oligoaniline derivatives described in JP-A No. 2002-151272, oligoaniline compounds described in WO 2004/105446, oligoaniline compounds described in WO 2008/032617, Examples include oligoaniline compounds described in 2008/032616 and aryldiamine compounds described in International Publication No. 2013/042623.
- aniline derivative represented by following formula (3) can also be used conveniently.
- X 1 represents —NY 1 —, —O—, —S—, — (CR 107 R 108 ) L — or a single bond, and when k 1 or k 2 is 0, , -NY 1- .
- Y 1 is independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, or an alkynyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted with Z 1 , or Z 1 2 represents an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted with 2 ;
- the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms may be linear, branched or cyclic, and specific examples thereof include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, straight chain having 1 to 20 carbon atoms such as s-butyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, n-nonyl group, n-decyl group, etc.
- branched alkyl group cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group, cyclooctyl group, cyclononyl group, cyclodecyl group, bicyclobutyl group, bicyclopentyl group, bicyclohexyl group, bicycloheptyl group, bicyclo Examples thereof include cyclic alkyl groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms such as octyl group, bicyclononyl group and bicyclodecyl group.
- the alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms may be linear, branched or cyclic, and specific examples thereof include ethenyl group, n-1-propenyl group, n-2-propenyl group, 1-methylethenyl group, n-1-butenyl group, n-2-butenyl group, n-3-butenyl group, 2-methyl-1-propenyl group, 2-methyl-2-propenyl group, 1-ethylethenyl group, 1-methyl-1- A propenyl group, a 1-methyl-2-propenyl group, an n-1-pentenyl group, an n-1-decenyl group, an n-1-eicocenyl group and the like can be mentioned.
- the alkynyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms may be linear, branched or cyclic, and specific examples thereof include ethynyl group, n-1-propynyl group, n-2-propynyl group and n-1-butynyl.
- aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms include phenyl group, 1-naphthyl group, 2-naphthyl group, 1-anthryl group, 2-anthryl group, 9-anthryl group, 1-phenanthryl group, 2-phenanthryl group. Group, 3-phenanthryl group, 4-phenanthryl group, 9-phenanthryl group and the like.
- heteroaryl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms examples include 2-thienyl group, 3-thienyl group, 2-furanyl group, 3-furanyl group, 2-oxazolyl group, 4-oxazolyl group, 5-oxazolyl group, 3-isoxazolyl group, 4-isoxazolyl group, 5-isoxazolyl group, 2-thiazolyl group, 4-thiazolyl group, 5-thiazolyl group, 3-isothiazolyl group, 4-isothiazolyl group, 5-isothiazolyl group, 2-imidazolyl group, Examples include 4-imidazolyl group, 2-pyridyl group, 3-pyridyl group, 4-pyridyl group, and the like.
- R 107 and R 108 are each independently a hydrogen atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom, nitro group, cyano group, amino group, aldehyde group, hydroxy group, thiol group, sulfonic acid group, carboxylic acid group
- Z may be substituted with 1, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, may be substituted with Z 2, C 6 -C 20 aryl groups or heteroaryl groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, or —NHY 2 , —NY 3 Y 4 , —C (O) Y 5 , —OY 6 , —SY 7 , —SO 3 Y 8 , —C It represents a group (O) OY 9 , —OC (O) Y 10 , —C (O) NHY 11 or —C (O) NY 12
- Y is 2 ⁇ Y 13, each independently, may be substituted with Z 1, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, or Z 2 represents an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted with 2 ;
- Z 1 may be substituted with chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom, nitro group, cyano group, amino group, aldehyde group, hydroxy group, thiol group, sulfonic acid group, carboxylic acid group, or Z 3 ,
- An aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms is represented.
- Z 2 may be substituted with chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom, nitro group, cyano group, amino group, aldehyde group, hydroxy group, thiol group, sulfonic acid group, carboxylic acid group, or Z 3 ,
- An alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, or an alkynyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms is represented.
- Z 3 represents a chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom, nitro group, cyano group, amino group, aldehyde group, hydroxy group, thiol group, sulfonic acid group, or carboxylic acid group.
- alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, aryl group and heteroaryl group of R 107 , R 108 and Y 2 to Y 13 are the same as those described above.
- R 107 and R 108 a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group Z 1 which do ⁇ 1 to 20 carbon atoms substituted by are preferred, and a methyl group which may be substituted with a hydrogen atom or Z 1 More preferred are both hydrogen atoms.
- L represents the number of divalent groups represented by — (CR 107 R 108 ) — and is an integer of 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 5, and more preferably 1 to 2. Even more preferred, 1 is optimal.
- L is 2 or more, the plurality of R 107 may be the same as or different from each other, and the plurality of R 108 may be the same as or different from each other.
- X 1 is preferably —NY 1 — or a single bond.
- Y 1 hydrogen atom or an alkyl group of Z 1 is optionally ⁇ 1 to 20 carbon atoms substituted with, more preferably a methyl group which may be substituted with a hydrogen atom or Z 1, hydrogen atom Is the best.
- R 101 to R 106 are each independently a hydrogen atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom, nitro group, cyano group, amino group, aldehyde group, hydroxy group, thiol group, sulfonic acid group ,
- Preferred is an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms or a heteroaryl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, or —NHY 2 , —NY 3 Y 4 , —C (O) Y 5 , —OY 6 , —SY 7 , —SO 3 represents Y 8 , —C (O) OY 9 , —OC (O) Y 10 , —C (O) NHY
- R 101 to R 104 may be substituted with a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may be substituted with Z 1 , or Z 2.
- An aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms is preferable, a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is more preferable, and all hydrogen atoms are optimal.
- R 105 and R 106 are each a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms that may be substituted with Z 1 , or a carbon that may be substituted with Z 2.
- 6-14 aryl group, or Z 2 optionally substituted diphenylamino group (-NY 3 Y 4 groups Y 3 and Y 4 is a phenyl group optionally substituted by Z 2) in the preferred ,
- a hydrogen atom or a diphenylamino group is more preferred, and at the same time a hydrogen atom or a diphenylamino group is even more preferred.
- R 101 to R 104 are hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 105 and R 106 are hydrogen atoms or diphenylamino groups
- X 1 is —NY 1 — or a single bond
- Y 1 Is preferably a combination of a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, more preferably a combination of R 101 to R 104 is a hydrogen atom
- R 105 and R 106 are simultaneously a hydrogen atom or a diphenylamino group
- X 1 is —NH— or a single bond.
- k 1 and k 2 each independently represent an integer of 0 or more, and satisfy 1 ⁇ k 1 + k 2 ⁇ 20.
- the charge transportability of the resulting thin film and the solubility of the aniline derivative 2 ⁇ k 1 + k 2 ⁇ 8 is preferable, 2 ⁇ k 1 + k 2 ⁇ 6 is more preferable, and 2 ⁇ k 1 + k 2 ⁇ 4 is still more preferable. .
- Z 1 is preferably a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, or an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms which may be substituted with Z 3 ,
- a bromine atom, an iodine atom, or a phenyl group which may be substituted with Z 3 is more preferable, and it is most preferable that the phenyl group does not exist (that is, is unsubstituted).
- Z 2 is preferably a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may be substituted with Z 3 , and is substituted with a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom or Z 3.
- the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may be present is more preferable, and it is most preferable that the alkyl group is not present (that is, unsubstituted).
- Z 3 is preferably a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, and optimally not present (that is, unsubstituted).
- the carbon number of the alkyl group, alkenyl group and alkynyl group is preferably 10 or less, more preferably 6 or less, and even more preferably 4 or less.
- the carbon number of the aryl group and heteroaryl group is preferably 14 or less, more preferably 10 or less, and even more preferably 6 or less.
- the method for synthesizing the aniline derivative is not particularly limited, but Bulletin of Chemical Society of Japan, 67, pp. 1749-1752 (1994), Synthetic Metals, 84, pp. Films, 520 (24), pp. 157 7157-7163 (2012), International Publication No. 2008/032617, International Publication No. 2008/032616, International Publication No. 2008/129947, International Publication No. 2013/084664, etc. The method is mentioned.
- aniline derivative represented by the formula (3) include, but are not limited to, those represented by the following formula.
- DPA represents a diphenylamino group
- Ph represents a phenyl group
- TPA represents a p- (diphenylamino) phenyl group.
- Organic solvent As the organic solvent used when preparing the charge transporting varnish of the present invention, a highly soluble solvent capable of satisfactorily dissolving the aniline derivative and the sulfonic acid ester compound of the present invention can be used.
- the sulfonic acid ester compound of the present invention has high solubility even in a low polarity solvent, it is possible to use a low polarity solvent as a high solubility solvent.
- examples of the low polar solvent include chlorine solvents such as chloroform and chlorobenzene; aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene, xylene, tetralin, cyclohexylbenzene, and 3-phenoxytoluene.
- examples of polar solvents include amide solvents such as N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylisobutyramide, N-methylpyrrolidone, and 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone.
- Ketone solvents such as isophorone and cyclohexanone; ester solvents such as ethyl acetate and methyl benzoate; polyhydric alcohol solvents such as ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol; ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and anisole; sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide; And system solvents.
- These solvents can be used singly or in combination of two or more, and the amount used can be 5 to 100% by mass in the total solvent used in the varnish.
- all of the charge transporting substances are completely dissolved in the solvent or are in a uniformly dispersed state, and more preferably completely dissolved.
- the organic solvent has a viscosity of 10 to 200 mPa ⁇ s, particularly 35 to 150 mPa ⁇ s at 25 ° C., and a high viscosity organic material having a boiling point of 50 to 300 ° C., particularly 150 to 250 ° C. at normal pressure (atmospheric pressure). At least one solvent may be included. By adding such a solvent, it becomes easy to adjust the viscosity of the varnish, and it becomes possible to prepare a varnish according to the coating method to be used, which gives a highly flat thin film with good reproducibility.
- the high viscosity organic solvent examples include cyclohexanol, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, 1,3-octylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, Examples include 2,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
- the high-viscosity organic solvent may also serve as a highly soluble solvent, and these are determined by the type of host.
- the addition ratio is preferably within a range where no solid is precipitated, and is preferably 5 to 90% by mass in the total solvent used for the varnish as long as no solid is precipitated.
- solvents are used in an amount of 1 to 90% by weight, preferably 1 to 90%, based on the total solvent used in the varnish. It is also possible to mix at a ratio of 50% by mass.
- solvents examples include propylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether
- solvents include, but are not limited to, ether acetate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diacetone alcohol, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ethyl lactate, and n-hexyl acetate. These solvents can be used alone or in combination of two or more. These solvents may also serve as highly soluble solvents, and these are determined by the type of host.
- the charge transporting varnish is obtained by dissolving a charge transporting substance in an organic solvent and then filtering using a sub-micron order filter or the like from the viewpoint of obtaining a reproducible thin film with higher flatness. Is desirable.
- the solid content concentration in the varnish of the present invention is usually about 0.1 to 20% by mass, preferably 0.5 to 10% by mass, from the viewpoint of securing a sufficient film thickness while suppressing the precipitation of the charge transporting substance. It is.
- solid content here means the component which remove
- the viscosity of the varnish of the present invention is usually 1 to 50 mPa ⁇ s at 25 ° C.
- the content of the electron-accepting substance precursor in the solid content is preferably about 0.01 to 20, more preferably about 0.05 to 10 with respect to the charge transporting substance 1 in terms of molar ratio. is there.
- Examples of the varnish coating method include, but are not limited to, a dip method, a spin coating method, a transfer printing method, a roll coating method, a brush coating method, an ink jet method, a spray method, and a slit coating method. It is preferable to adjust the viscosity and surface tension of the varnish depending on the coating method.
- the drying condition of the liquid film is not particularly limited, but there is, for example, heat firing using a hot plate.
- a dried film is obtained by heating and baking in the range of about 100 to 260 ° C. for about 1 minute to 1 hour. Note that the firing atmosphere is not particularly limited.
- the thickness of the charge transporting thin film is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 to 200 nm when used as a functional layer of an organic EL element.
- a method of changing the film thickness there are methods such as changing the solid content concentration in the varnish and changing the amount of the solution on the substrate during coating.
- Organic EL device has a pair of electrodes, and includes the above-described charge transporting thin film of the present invention between these electrodes.
- Typical configurations of the organic EL element include (a) to (f) below, but are not limited thereto.
- an electron blocking layer or the like may be provided between the light emitting layer and the anode, and a hole blocking layer or the like may be provided between the light emitting layer and the cathode.
- the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, or the hole injection transport layer may have a function as an electron block layer or the like.
- the electron injection layer, the electron transport layer, or the electron injection transport layer may be a hole block layer or the like. You may have the function as.
- A Anode / hole injection layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer / cathode
- b Anode / hole injection layer / hole transport layer / light emission layer / electron injection transport layer / Cathode
- c anode / hole injection transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer / cathode
- d anode / hole injection transport layer / light emitting layer / electron injection transport layer / cathode
- e anode / positive Hole injection layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / cathode
- f anode / hole injection transport layer / light emitting layer / cathode
- “Hole injection layer”, “hole transport layer” and “hole injection transport layer” are layers formed between a light emitting layer and an anode, and transport holes from the anode to the light emitting layer. It has a function. When only one layer of a hole transporting material is provided between the light emitting layer and the anode, it is a “hole injection transporting layer”, and a layer of the hole transporting material is provided between the light emitting layer and the anode. When two or more layers are provided, the layer close to the anode is a “hole injection layer”, and the other layers are “hole transport layers”. In particular, for the hole injection layer and the hole injection transport layer, a thin film that is excellent not only in accepting holes from the anode but also injecting holes into the hole transport layer and the light emitting layer is used.
- Electrode “Electron injection layer”, “electron transport layer” and “electron injection transport layer” are layers formed between a light emitting layer and a cathode, and have a function of transporting electrons from the cathode to the light emitting layer. It is. When only one layer of the electron transporting material is provided between the light emitting layer and the cathode, it is an “electron injecting and transporting layer”, and two layers of the electron transporting material are provided between the light emitting layer and the cathode. When provided as described above, the layer close to the cathode is an “electron injection layer”, and the other layers are “electron transport layers”.
- the “light emitting layer” is an organic layer having a light emitting function, and includes a host material and a dopant material when a doping system is employed.
- the host material mainly has a function of encouraging recombination of electrons and holes and confining excitons in the light emitting layer, and the dopant material efficiently emits excitons obtained by recombination. It has a function.
- the host material mainly has a function of confining excitons generated by the dopant in the light emitting layer.
- Examples of materials used and methods for producing an organic EL device using the charge transporting varnish of the present invention include the following, but are not limited thereto.
- the electrode substrate to be used is preferably cleaned in advance by cleaning with a liquid such as a detergent, alcohol, or pure water.
- a liquid such as a detergent, alcohol, or pure water.
- the anode substrate is subjected to surface treatment such as UV ozone treatment or oxygen-plasma treatment immediately before use. It is preferable.
- the surface treatment may not be performed.
- An example of the method for producing the organic EL device of the present invention when the thin film obtained from the charge transporting varnish of the present invention is a hole injection layer is as follows.
- the charge transporting varnish of the present invention is applied on the anode substrate and baked to form a hole injection layer on the electrode.
- a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, and a cathode are provided in this order.
- the hole transport layer, the light emitting layer, the electron transport layer, and the electron injection layer may be formed by either a vapor deposition method or a coating method (wet process) depending on the characteristics of the material used.
- anode material examples include transparent electrodes typified by indium tin oxide (ITO) and indium zinc oxide (IZO), metal anodes typified by aluminum, alloys thereof, and the like. What performed the chemical conversion process is preferable. Polythiophene derivatives and polyaniline derivatives having high charge transporting properties can also be used.
- metals constituting the metal anode include scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, gallium, yttrium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, cadmium.
- Materials for forming the hole transport layer include (triphenylamine) dimer derivatives, [(triphenylamine) dimer] spirodimers, N, N′-bis (naphthalen-1-yl) -N, N′-bis (Phenyl) -benzidine ( ⁇ -NPD), N, N′-bis (naphthalen-2-yl) -N, N′-bis (phenyl) -benzidine, N, N′-bis (3-methylphenyl)- N, N′-bis (phenyl) -benzidine, N, N′-bis (3-methylphenyl) -N, N′-bis (phenyl) -9,9-spirobifluorene, N, N′-bis ( Naphthalen-1-yl) -N, N′-bis (phenyl) -9,9-spirobifluorene, N, N′-bis (3-methylphenyl) -N, N′-bis (phenyl) -9,9-s
- Materials for forming the light emitting layer include tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum (III) (Alq 3 ), bis (8-quinolinolato) zinc (II) (Znq 2 ), bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinolato)- 4- (p-phenylphenolate) aluminum (III) (BAlq), 4,4′-bis (2,2-diphenylvinyl) biphenyl, 9,10-di (naphthalen-2-yl) anthracene, 2-tert -Butyl-9,10-di (naphthalen-2-yl) anthracene, 2,7-bis [9,9-di (4-methylphenyl) -fluoren-2-yl] -9,9-di (4- Methylphenyl) fluorene, 2-methyl-9,10-bis (naphthalen-2-yl) anthracene, 2- (9,9-spirobifluoren-2-yl) -9,9-s
- Materials for forming the electron injection layer include lithium oxide (Li 2 O), magnesium oxide (MgO), alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), lithium fluoride (LiF), sodium fluoride (NaF), magnesium fluoride ( MgF 2 ), cesium fluoride (CsF), strontium fluoride (SrF 2 ), molybdenum trioxide (MoO 3 ), aluminum, lithium acetylacetonate (Li (acac)), lithium acetate, lithium benzoate, etc. .
- cathode material examples include aluminum, magnesium-silver alloy, aluminum-lithium alloy, lithium, sodium, potassium, cesium and the like.
- the hole transport layer, the light emitting layer, the electron transport layer, and the electron injection layer are formed by sequentially forming the hole transport layer and the light emitting layer, instead of performing the vacuum deposition operation.
- An organic EL device having a charge transporting thin film formed of a transporting varnish can be produced.
- the charge transporting varnish of the present invention is applied onto the anode substrate, a hole injection layer is prepared by the above-described method, a hole transport layer and a light emitting layer are sequentially formed thereon, and further a cathode material Is evaporated to obtain an organic EL element.
- the same materials as described above can be used, and the same cleaning treatment and surface treatment can be performed.
- a hole transporting polymer material or a light emitting polymer material, or a material obtained by adding a dopant to these materials is dissolved or uniformly dispersed.
- coating on a positive hole injection layer or a positive hole transport layer is mentioned.
- Examples of the light-emitting polymer material include polyfluorene derivatives such as poly (9,9-dialkylfluorene) (PDAF), poly (2-methoxy-5- (2′-ethylhexoxy) -1,4-phenylenevinylene) (MEH). -PPV) and the like, polythiophene derivatives such as poly (3-alkylthiophene) (PAT), polyvinylcarbazole (PVCz) and the like.
- PDAF poly (9,9-dialkylfluorene)
- MEH 2-methoxy-5- (2′-ethylhexoxy) -1,4-phenylenevinylene
- PVT polythiophene derivatives
- PVCz polyvinylcarbazole
- Examples of the solvent include toluene, xylene, chloroform and the like.
- Examples of the dissolution or uniform dispersion method include methods such as stirring, heating and stirring, and ultrasonic dispersion.
- the coating method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an inkjet method, a spray method, a dip method, a spin coating method, a transfer printing method, a roll coating method, and a brush coating.
- the application is preferably performed under an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon.
- the firing method a method of heating with an oven or a hot plate under an inert gas or in a vacuum can be mentioned.
- An example of the method for producing the organic EL device of the present invention when the thin film obtained from the charge transporting varnish of the present invention is a hole injection transport layer is as follows.
- a hole injection transport layer is formed on the anode substrate, and a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, and a cathode are provided in this order on the hole injection transport layer.
- Examples of the formation method and specific examples of the light emitting layer, the electron transport layer, and the electron injection layer include the same ones as described above.
- Examples of the anode material, the light emitting layer, the light emitting dopant, the material for forming the electron transport layer and the electron block layer, and the cathode material include the same materials as described above.
- a hole block layer, an electron block layer, or the like may be provided between the electrode and any of the layers as necessary.
- a material for forming the electron blocking layer tris (phenylpyrazole) iridium and the like can be given.
- the materials constituting the anode and the cathode and the layer formed between them differ depending on whether a device having a bottom emission structure or a top emission structure is manufactured. Therefore, the material is appropriately selected in consideration of this point. .
- a transparent anode is used on the substrate side, and light is extracted from the substrate side
- a reflective anode made of metal is used in the opposite direction to the substrate.
- Light is extracted from a certain transparent electrode (cathode) side. Therefore, for example, regarding the anode material, a transparent anode such as ITO is used when manufacturing an element having a bottom emission structure, and a reflective anode such as Al / Nd is used when manufacturing an element having a top emission structure.
- the organic EL device of the present invention may be sealed together with a water catching agent or the like according to a standard method in order to prevent deterioration of characteristics.
- Example 1-2 Synthesis of NSO-2-BO The same as Example 1-1 except that 4.47 g (24 mmol) of 2-butyl-1-octanol was used instead of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol. In this way, 1.50 g of a sulfonic acid ester compound NSO-2-BO represented by the following formula was obtained as a white solid (yield: 48% (two-stage yield from sulfonic acid sodium salt A)). The measurement result of 1 H-NMR is shown below.
- Example 1-3 Synthesis of NSO-2-OC Synthesis was performed in the same manner as in Example 1-1 except that 3.13 g (24 mmol) of 1-octanol was used instead of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol. And 0.13 g of a sulfonic acid ester compound NSO-2-OC represented by the following formula was obtained as a white solid (yield 5% (two-stage yield from sulfonic acid sodium salt A)). The measurement result of 1 H-NMR is shown below.
- Example 2-2 Preparation of charge transporting varnish B NSO-2-BO (408 mg) and oligoaniline compound 1 (118 mg) were added to a mixed solvent of 3-phenoxytoluene (5 g) and tetralin (5 g). The mixture was stirred with heating at 50 ° C., 400 rpm for 5 minutes. Thereby, NSO-2-BO was completely dissolved in the solvent. The obtained solution was filtered using a PTFE filter having a pore size of 0.2 ⁇ m to obtain a charge transporting varnish B.
- NSO-2-EH, NSO-2-BO, and NSO-2-OC are completely mixed in a mixed solvent of 3-phenoxytoluene and tetralin, which is a low polarity solvent, at 50 ° C., 400 rpm, and under heating and stirring conditions for 5 minutes.
- NSO-2-PGME requires heating and stirring conditions of 70 ° C. and 400 rpm for 20 minutes in order to be completely dissolved in the mixed solvent, and NSO-2 is mixed with the mixed solvent. Did not dissolve. That is, the sulfonic acid ester compound of the present invention was excellent in solubility in a low polarity solvent.
- the charge transport varnish containing the sulfonate compound of the present invention was excellent in storage stability.
- HOD hole-only device
- Example 4-1 After the charge transporting varnish A was applied to the ITO substrate using a spin coater, it was pre-fired at 120 ° C. for 1 minute in the air, followed by main baking at 200 ° C. for 30 minutes. A thin film was formed. On top of that, ⁇ -NPD and an aluminum thin film were sequentially laminated using a vapor deposition apparatus (vacuum degree: 2.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa) to obtain HOD. Vapor deposition was performed at a deposition rate of 0.2 nm / second. The film thicknesses of the ⁇ -NPD and aluminum thin films were 30 nm and 80 nm, respectively.
- the characteristic was evaluated. Sealing was performed according to the following procedure. In a nitrogen atmosphere with an oxygen concentration of 2 ppm or less and a dew point of -85 ° C or less, the HOD is placed between the sealing substrates, and the sealing substrates are bonded with an adhesive (MORESCO's Mores Moisture Cut WB90US (P)). It was. At this time, a water catching agent (HD-071010W-40 manufactured by Dynic Co., Ltd.) was placed in a sealing substrate together with HOD. The bonded sealing substrate was irradiated with UV light (wavelength 365 nm, irradiation amount 6,000 mJ / cm 2 ), and then annealed at 80 ° C. for 1 hour to cure the adhesive.
- UV light wavelength 365 nm, irradiation amount 6,000 mJ / cm 2
- Example 4-2 A HOD was produced in the same manner as in Example 4-1, except that the charge transport varnish B was used instead of the charge transport varnish A.
- Example 4-2 The HOD was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4-1, except that the charge transporting varnish E was used instead of the charge transporting varnish A, the preliminary firing was performed at 80 ° C. for 1 minute, and the main firing was performed at 230 ° C. for 15 minutes. Was made.
- the charge transporting varnish containing the sulfonic acid ester compound of the present invention showed a hole transporting property equivalent to or higher than that of the conventional one.
- ITO substrate a glass substrate of 25 mm ⁇ 25 mm ⁇ 0.7 t in which ITO is patterned on the surface with a film thickness of 150 nm is used. Before use, an O 2 plasma cleaning apparatus (150 W, 30 seconds) from which impurities on the surface were removed was used.
- Example 5-1 The charge transporting varnish A is applied to an ITO substrate using a spin coater, dried at 120 ° C. for 1 minute, and further baked at 200 ° C. for 30 minutes in an air atmosphere to form a uniform thin film of 30 nm on the ITO substrate. Formed. Subsequently, ⁇ -NPD was formed to a thickness of 30 nm at 0.2 nm / second on the ITO substrate on which the thin film was formed using a vapor deposition apparatus (vacuum degree: 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa). Next, CBP and Ir (PPy) 3 were co-evaporated.
- the deposition rate was controlled so that the concentration of Ir (PPy) 3 was 6%, and the layers were laminated to 40 nm.
- an organic EL device was fabricated by sequentially laminating thin films of Alq 3 , lithium fluoride, and aluminum. At this time, the deposition rate was 0.2 nm / second for Alq 3 and aluminum and 0.02 nm / second for lithium fluoride, and the film thicknesses were 20 nm, 0.5 nm, and 80 nm, respectively.
- the characteristic was evaluated. Sealing was performed by the same method as described above.
- Example 5-2 An organic EL device was produced in the same manner as in Example 4-1, except that the charge transport varnish B was used instead of the charge transport varnish A.
- Example 5-2 Organically produced in the same manner as in Example 4-1, except that the charge transporting varnish E was used instead of the charge transporting varnish A, the pre-baking was performed at 80 ° C. for 1 minute, and the main baking was performed at 230 ° C. for 15 minutes. An EL element was produced.
- the charge transporting varnish containing the sulfonic acid ester compound of the present invention showed equivalent organic EL characteristics as compared with the conventional one.
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Abstract
Description
1.下記式(1)で表されるスルホン酸エステル化合物。
A1は、-O-又は-S-を表し、A2は、(n+1)価の芳香族基を表し、A3は、1つ以上の芳香環を含む置換又は非置換のm価の炭化水素基を表し;
mは、2≦m≦4を満たす整数を表し、nは、1≦n≦4を満たす整数を表す。)
2.R1が、水素原子であり、R2及びR3が、それぞれ独立に、炭素数1~6のアルキル基である1のスルホン酸エステル化合物。
3.A2が、ナフタレン又はアントラセンから誘導される基である1又は2のスルホン酸エステル化合物。
4.A2が、ナフタレンから誘導される基である3のスルホン酸エステル化合物。
5.A3が、パーフルオロビフェニルから誘導される基である1~4のいずれかのスルホン酸エステル化合物。
6.mが、2である1~5のいずれかのスルホン酸エステル化合物。
7.nが、2である1~6のいずれかのスルホン酸エステル化合物。
8.1~7のいずれかのスルホン酸エステル化合物からなる電子受容性物質前駆体。
9.8の電子受容性物質前駆体、電荷輸送性物質及び有機溶媒を含む電荷輸送性ワニス。
10.前記有機溶媒が、低極性有機溶媒である9の電荷輸送性ワニス。
11.前記電荷輸送性物質が、アニリン誘導体である9又は10の電荷輸送性ワニス。
12.9~11のいずれかの電荷輸送性ワニスを用いて作製される電荷輸送性薄膜。
13.12の電荷輸送性薄膜を備える有機EL素子。
式(1)で表されるスルホン酸エステル化合物は、加熱処理等によりスルホン酸が生じること、及びこのスルホン酸化合物が電子受容性を示すことから、酸発生剤や電子受容性物質前駆体として好適に用いることができる。ここで、電子受容性物質は、電子輸送能及び成膜均一性を向上させるために用いられるものであり、電子受容性ドーパントと同義である。
本発明の電荷輸送性ワニスは、式(1)で表される化合物からなる電子受容性物質前駆体、電荷輸送性物質、及び有機溶媒を含む。なお、本発明において、電荷輸送性とは導電性と同義である。電荷輸送性ワニスとは、それ自体に電荷輸送性があるものでもよく、それにより得られる固形膜が電荷輸送性を有するものでもよい。
前記電荷輸送性物質としては、従来有機ELの分野で使用されているものを用いることができ、具体的には、アニリン誘導体、チオフェン誘導体、ピロール誘導体等の電荷輸送性オリゴマーが挙げられる。前記電荷輸送性オリゴマーの分子量は、通常200~8,000であるが、電荷輸送性の高い薄膜を与えるワニスを調製する観点から、好ましくは300以上、より好ましくは400以上、より一層好ましくは500以上であり、平坦性の高い薄膜を与える均一なワニスを調製する観点から、好ましくは6,000以下であり、より好ましくは5,000以下であり、より一層好ましくは4,000以下であり、更に好ましくは3,000以下である。
本発明の電荷輸送性ワニスを調製する際に用いられる有機溶媒としては、前記アニリン誘導体及び本発明のスルホン酸エステル化合物を良好に溶解し得る高溶解性溶媒を用いることができる。特に、本発明のスルホン酸エステル化合物は、低極性溶媒に対しても溶解性が高いため、低極性溶媒を高溶解性溶媒として使用することが可能である。
本発明の電荷輸送性ワニスを基材上に塗布して乾燥させることで、基材上に電荷輸送性薄膜を形成させることができる。
本発明の有機EL素子は、一対の電極を有し、これら電極の間に、前述した本発明の電荷輸送性薄膜を備えるものである。
(a)陽極/正孔注入層/正孔輸送層/発光層/電子輸送層/電子注入層/陰極
(b)陽極/正孔注入層/正孔輸送層/発光層/電子注入輸送層/陰極
(c)陽極/正孔注入輸送層/発光層/電子輸送層/電子注入層/陰極
(d)陽極/正孔注入輸送層/発光層/電子注入輸送層/陰極
(e)陽極/正孔注入層/正孔輸送層/発光層/陰極
(f)陽極/正孔注入輸送層/発光層/陰極
(1)1H-NMR測定:Bruker社製、Ascend 500
(2)基板洗浄:長州産業(株)製、基板洗浄装置(減圧プラズマ方式)
(3)ワニスの塗布:ミカサ(株)製、スピンコーターMS-A100
(4)膜厚測定:(株)小坂研究所製、微細形状測定機サーフコーダET-4000
(5)有機EL素子の作製:長州産業(株)製、多機能蒸着装置システムC-E2L1G1-N
(6)有機EL素子の輝度等の測定:(有)テック・ワールド製、I-V-L測定システム
前記固体に、クロロホルム(12mL)及びピリジン(8mL)を加え、0℃にて2-エチル-1-ヘキサノール3.13g(24mmol)を加えた。室温まで昇温し、その後3時間攪拌した。溶媒を留去した後、水を加え、酢酸エチルにて抽出し、有機層を硫酸ナトリウムにて乾燥させた。ろ過、濃縮後、得られた粗生成物をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン/酢酸エチル)で精製することにより、スルホン酸エステル化合物NSO-2-EH1.25gを白色固体として得た(収率46%(スルホン酸ナトリウム塩Aからの2段階収率))。1H-NMRの測定結果を以下に示す。
1H-NMR (500MHz, CDCl3): δ 0.78-0.85(m, 24H), 1.15-1.39(m, 32H),1.58-1.62(m, 4H), 4.02-4.10(m, 8H), 7.34(s, 2H), 8.21(dd, J=1.5, 9.0Hz, 2H), 8.44(s, 2H), 8.67(d, J=9.0Hz, 2H), 8.69(d, J=1.5Hz, 2H).
2-エチル-1-ヘキサノールのかわりに2-ブチル-1-オクタノール4.47g(24mmol)を用いた以外は、実施例1-1と同様の方法で合成を行い、下記式で表されるスルホン酸エステル化合物NSO-2-BO1.50gを白色固体として得た(収率48%(スルホン酸ナトリウム塩Aからの2段階収率))。1H-NMRの測定結果を以下に示す。
1H-NMR(500MHz, CDCl3): δ 0.79-0.87(m, 24H), 1.17-1.28(m, 64H), 1.62-1.68(m, 4H), 4.02(d, J=5.0Hz, 4H), 4.08(d, J= 5.0Hz, 4H), 7.36(s, 2H), 8.21(dd, J=1.5, 9.0Hz, 2H), 8.44(s, 2H), 8.67(d, J=9.0Hz, 2H), 8.69(d, J=1.5Hz, 2H).
2-エチル-1-ヘキサノールのかわりに1-オクタノール3.13g(24mmol)を用いた以外は、実施例1-1と同様の方法で合成を行い、下記式で表されるスルホン酸エステル化合物NSO-2-OC0.13gを白色固体として得た(収率5%(スルホン酸ナトリウム塩Aからの2段階収率))。1H-NMRの測定結果を以下に示す。
1H-NMR(500MHz, CDCl3): δ 0.82-0.87(m, 12H), 1.20-1.36(m, 40H), 1.64-1.74(m, 8H), 4.11-4.19(m, 8H), 7.35(s, 2H), 8.21(dd, J=2.0, 9.0Hz, 2H), 8.44(s, 2H), 8.67(d, J=9.0Hz, 2H), 8.68(d, J=2.0Hz, 2H).
[実施例2-1]電荷輸送性ワニスAの調製
NSO-2-EH(393mg)及びオリゴアニリン化合物1(133mg)を、3-フェノキシトルエン(5g)及びテトラリン(5g)の混合溶媒に加え、50℃、400rpm、5分間加熱攪拌した。これにより、NSO-2-EHは完全に溶媒に溶解した。得られた溶液を孔径0.2μmのPTFE製フィルターを用いて濾過し、電荷輸送性ワニスAを得た。なお、オリゴアニリン化合物1は、国際公開第2013/084664号記載の方法に従って合成した。
NSO-2-BO(408mg)及びオリゴアニリン化合物1(118mg)を、3-フェノキシトルエン(5g)及びテトラリン(5g)の混合溶媒に加え、50℃、400rpm、5分間加熱攪拌した。これにより、NSO-2-BOは完全に溶媒に溶解した。得られた溶液を孔径0.2μmのPTFE製フィルターを用いて濾過し、電荷輸送性ワニスBを得た。
NSO-2-OC(393mg)及びオリゴアニリン化合物1(133mg)を、3-フェノキシトルエン(5g)及びテトラリン(5g)の混合溶媒に加え、50℃、400rpm、5分間加熱攪拌した。これにより、NSO-2-OCは完全に溶媒に溶解した。得られた溶液を孔径0.2μmのPTFE製フィルターを用いて濾過し、電荷輸送性ワニスCを得た。
NSO-2-PGME(384mg)及びオリゴアニリン化合物1(142mg)を、3-フェノキシトルエン(5g)及びテトラリン(5g)の混合溶媒に加え、50℃、400rpm、30分間加熱攪拌したが、溶け残りが生じた。70℃、400rpm、20分間加熱攪拌することで、NSO-2-PGMEは完全に溶媒に溶解した。得られた溶液を孔径0.2μmのPTFE製フィルターを用いて濾過し、電荷輸送性ワニスDを得た。
NSO-2(349mg)及びオリゴアニリン化合物1(177mg)を、3-フェノキシトルエン(5g)及びテトラリン(5g)の混合溶媒に加え、90℃、400rpm、30分間加熱攪拌したが、NSO-2は全く溶解しなかった。
NSO-2(349mg)及びオリゴアニリン化合物1(177mg)を、1,3-ジメチル-2-イミダゾリジノン(3.3g)、2,3-ブタンジオール(4g)及びジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル(2.7g)の混合溶媒に加え、50℃、400rpm、5分間加熱攪拌した。これにより、NSO-2は完全に溶媒に溶解した。得られた溶液を孔径0.2μmのPTFE製フィルターを用いて濾過し、電荷輸送性ワニスEを得た。
[実施例3-1~3-3、比較例3-1]
電荷輸送性ワニスA~Dを2℃で冷蔵保存し、保存開始後下記表1に示す時間が経過した時点における析出物の有無を観測した。結果を表1に示す。
以下の実施例及び比較例において、ITO基板としては、ITOが表面上に膜厚150nmでパターニングされた25mm×25mm×0.7tのガラス基板を用い、使用前にO2プラズマ洗浄装置(150W、30秒間)によって表面上の不純物を除去したものを使用した。
電荷輸送性ワニスAを、スピンコーターを用いてITO基板に塗布した後、大気下で、120℃で1分間仮焼成をし、次いで200℃で30分間本焼成をし、ITO基板上に30nmの薄膜を形成した。
その上に、蒸着装置(真空度2.0×10-5Pa)を用いてα-NPD及びアルミニウムの薄膜を順次積層し、HODを得た。蒸着は、蒸着レート0.2nm/秒の条件で行った。α-NPD及びアルミニウムの薄膜の膜厚は、それぞれ30nm及び80nmとした。
なお、空気中の酸素、水等の影響による特性劣化を防止するため、HODは封止基板により封止した後、その特性を評価した。封止は、以下の手順で行った。
酸素濃度2ppm以下、露点-85℃以下の窒素雰囲気中で、HODを封止基板の間に収め、封止基板を接着材((株)MORESCO製モレスコモイスチャーカットWB90US(P))により貼り合わせた。この際、捕水剤(ダイニック(株)製HD-071010W-40)をHODと共に封止基板内に収めた。貼り合わせた封止基板に対し、UV光を照射(波長365nm、照射量6,000mJ/cm2)した後、80℃で1時間、アニーリング処理して接着材を硬化させた。
電荷輸送性ワニスAのかわりに電荷輸送性ワニスBを用いた以外は、実施例4-1と同様の方法でHODを作製した。
電荷輸送性ワニスAのかわりに電荷輸送性ワニスDを用いた以外は、実施例4-1と同様の方法でHODを作製した。
電荷輸送性ワニスAのかわりに電荷輸送性ワニスEを用い、仮焼成を80℃で1分間とし、本焼成を230℃で15分間とした以外は、実施例4-1と同様の方法でHODを作製した。
以下の実施例及び比較例において、ITO基板としては、ITOが表面上に膜厚150nmでパターニングされた25mm×25mm×0.7tのガラス基板を用い、使用前にO2プラズマ洗浄装置(150W、30秒間)によって表面上の不純物を除去したものを使用した。
電荷輸送性ワニスAを、スピンコーターを用いてITO基板に塗布した後、120℃で1分間乾燥し、更に、大気雰囲気下、200℃で30分間焼成し、ITO基板上に30nmの均一な薄膜を形成した。
次いで、薄膜を形成したITO基板に対し、蒸着装置(真空度1.0×10-5Pa)を用いてα-NPDを0.2nm/秒にて30nm成膜した。次に、CBPとIr(PPy)3を共蒸着した。共蒸着はIr(PPy)3の濃度が6%になるように蒸着レートをコントロールし、40nm積層させた。次いで、Alq3、フッ化リチウム及びアルミニウムの薄膜を順次積層して有機EL素子を作製した。この際、蒸着レートは、Alq3及びアルミニウムについては0.2nm/秒、フッ化リチウムについては0.02nm/秒の条件でそれぞれ行い、膜厚は、それぞれ20nm、0.5nm及び80nmとした。
なお、空気中の酸素、水等の影響による特性劣化を防止するため、有機EL素子は封止基板により封止した後、その特性を評価した。封止は、前記と同様の方法で行った。
電荷輸送性ワニスAのかわりに電荷輸送性ワニスBを用いた以外は、実施例4-1と同様の方法で有機EL素子を作製した。
電荷輸送性ワニスAのかわりに電荷輸送性ワニスDを用いた以外は、実施例4-1と同様の方法で有機EL素子を作製した。
電荷輸送性ワニスAのかわりに電荷輸送性ワニスEを用い、仮焼成を80℃で1分間とし、本焼成を230℃で15分間とした以外は、実施例4-1と同様の方法で有機EL素子を作製した。
Claims (13)
- R1が、水素原子であり、R2及びR3が、それぞれ独立に、炭素数1~6のアルキル基である請求項1記載のスルホン酸エステル化合物。
- A2が、ナフタレン又はアントラセンから誘導される基である請求項1又は2記載のスルホン酸エステル化合物。
- A2が、ナフタレンから誘導される基である請求項3記載のスルホン酸エステル化合物。
- A3が、パーフルオロビフェニルから誘導される基である請求項1~4のいずれか1項記載のスルホン酸エステル化合物。
- mが、2である請求項1~5のいずれか1項記載のスルホン酸エステル化合物。
- nが、2である請求項1~6のいずれか1項記載のスルホン酸エステル化合物。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか1項記載のスルホン酸エステル化合物からなる電子受容性物質前駆体。
- 請求項8記載の電子受容性物質前駆体、電荷輸送性物質及び有機溶媒を含む電荷輸送性ワニス。
- 前記有機溶媒が、低極性有機溶媒である請求項9記載の電荷輸送性ワニス。
- 前記電荷輸送性物質が、アニリン誘導体である請求項9又は10記載の電荷輸送性ワニス。
- 請求項9~11のいずれか1項記載の電荷輸送性ワニスを用いて作製される電荷輸送性薄膜。
- 請求項12記載の電荷輸送性薄膜を備える有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
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KR20210070309A (ko) | 2018-09-28 | 2021-06-14 | 닛산 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 폴리머 및 그 이용 |
KR20210144758A (ko) | 2019-03-27 | 2021-11-30 | 닛산 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 아릴아민 화합물 및 그 이용 |
KR20210151082A (ko) | 2019-03-29 | 2021-12-13 | 닛산 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 전하수송성 바니시 |
JP7484901B2 (ja) | 2019-04-26 | 2024-05-16 | 日産化学株式会社 | アリールスルホン酸エステル化合物の製造方法 |
WO2020218316A1 (ja) | 2019-04-26 | 2020-10-29 | 日産化学株式会社 | アリールスルホン酸エステル化合物の製造方法 |
KR20220004096A (ko) | 2019-04-26 | 2022-01-11 | 닛산 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 아릴술폰산 에스테르 화합물의 제조 방법 |
KR20220016122A (ko) | 2019-05-31 | 2022-02-08 | 닛산 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 아릴아민 화합물 및 그 이용 |
WO2020262418A1 (ja) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-12-30 | 日産化学株式会社 | 電荷輸送性ワニス |
CN114008808A (zh) * | 2019-06-26 | 2022-02-01 | 日产化学株式会社 | 电荷传输性清漆 |
KR20220025814A (ko) | 2019-06-26 | 2022-03-03 | 닛산 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 전하 수송성 바니시 |
KR20220027970A (ko) | 2019-06-26 | 2022-03-08 | 닛산 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 전하 수송성 바니시 |
WO2020262419A1 (ja) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-12-30 | 日産化学株式会社 | 電荷輸送性ワニス |
JP7491311B2 (ja) | 2019-06-26 | 2024-05-28 | 日産化学株式会社 | 電荷輸送性ワニス |
JP7517337B2 (ja) | 2019-06-26 | 2024-07-17 | 日産化学株式会社 | 電荷輸送性ワニス |
TWI856118B (zh) | 2019-06-26 | 2024-09-21 | 日商日產化學股份有限公司 | 電荷輸送性塗料 |
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US10513491B2 (en) | 2019-12-24 |
TW201811739A (zh) | 2018-04-01 |
US20190169120A1 (en) | 2019-06-06 |
TWI746578B (zh) | 2021-11-21 |
EP3473614A1 (en) | 2019-04-24 |
JPWO2017217457A1 (ja) | 2018-09-27 |
KR20190018499A (ko) | 2019-02-22 |
CN109415310A (zh) | 2019-03-01 |
CN109415310B (zh) | 2022-03-01 |
EP3473614A4 (en) | 2020-02-26 |
JP6443588B2 (ja) | 2018-12-26 |
KR102392403B1 (ko) | 2022-04-29 |
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