WO2017110752A1 - エチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体及び該エチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体の製造方法 - Google Patents
エチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体及び該エチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017110752A1 WO2017110752A1 PCT/JP2016/087817 JP2016087817W WO2017110752A1 WO 2017110752 A1 WO2017110752 A1 WO 2017110752A1 JP 2016087817 W JP2016087817 W JP 2016087817W WO 2017110752 A1 WO2017110752 A1 WO 2017110752A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ethylene
- carboxylic acid
- group
- vinyl alcohol
- alcohol copolymer
- Prior art date
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- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 41
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 135
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 125000003262 carboxylic acid ester group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 claims description 37
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 34
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000000686 lactone group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- -1 alkali metal alkoxide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 99
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 99
- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 93
- UFRKOOWSQGXVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethenol Chemical compound C=C.OC=C UFRKOOWSQGXVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 89
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 80
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N Heavy water Chemical compound [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 20
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 13
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical group OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004840 adhesive resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920006223 adhesive resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 8
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 5
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000005570 heteronuclear single quantum coherence Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 5
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 5
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- ZQMIGQNCOMNODD-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(=O)OOC(C)=O ZQMIGQNCOMNODD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene-2,5-diol Chemical compound OC(=C)CCC(O)=C RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005084 2D-nuclear magnetic resonance Methods 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001434 methanylylidene group Chemical group [H]C#[*] 0.000 description 3
- 125000004492 methyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004993 emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- TUGAMVVIFZLKTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-methoxy-3-methylbutoxy)peroxycarbonyl (3-methoxy-3-methylbutyl)peroxy carbonate Chemical compound COC(C)(C)CCOOOC(=O)OC(=O)OOOCCC(C)(C)OC TUGAMVVIFZLKTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NOBYOEQUFMGXBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-tert-butylcyclohexyl) (4-tert-butylcyclohexyl)oxycarbonyloxy carbonate Chemical compound C1CC(C(C)(C)C)CCC1OC(=O)OOC(=O)OC1CCC(C(C)(C)C)CC1 NOBYOEQUFMGXBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCITXCOYSHAADW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(4-oxoheptoxymethyl)prop-2-enoxy]heptan-4-one Chemical compound C(CCC(=O)CCC)OCC(COCCCC(=O)CCC)=C BCITXCOYSHAADW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGJCFVYMIJLQJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecylperoxydodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOOCCCCCCCCCCCC LGJCFVYMIJLQJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRJIYMRJTJWVLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl 3-(5,5-dimethylhexyl)dioxirane-3-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCC1(C(=O)OC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)OO1 CRJIYMRJTJWVLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJABOTZVAHGVAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyclohexylpropan-2-yl)-7,7-dimethyloctaneperoxoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCC(C(=O)OO)C(C)(C)C1CCCCC1 PJABOTZVAHGVAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLZJUIZVJLSNDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylidenebutanoyloxy)ethyl 2-methylidenebutanoate Chemical class CCC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(=C)CC QLZJUIZVJLSNDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DIBCJRYCOGXPAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(propanoyloxymethyl)prop-2-enyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OCC(=C)COC(=O)CC DIBCJRYCOGXPAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYGWHHGCAGTUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2-cyano-4-methylpentan-2-yl)diazenyl]-2,4-dimethylpentanenitrile Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C#N)N=NC(C)(C#N)CC(C)C WYGWHHGCAGTUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZACVGCNKGYYQHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexoxycarbonyloxy 2-ethylhexyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)OOC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC ZACVGCNKGYYQHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFFYKITVXPZLQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylidenepropane-1,3-diol Chemical group OCC(=C)CO JFFYKITVXPZLQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YMMLZUQDXYPNOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentan-2-yl 7,7-dimethyloctaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCC(C)(C)OOC(=O)CCCCCC(C)(C)C YMMLZUQDXYPNOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPBWMJBZQXCSFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropanoyl 2-methylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)OOC(=O)C(C)C RPBWMJBZQXCSFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZSPTYLOMNJNZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Buten-1-ol Chemical compound OCCC=C ZSPTYLOMNJNZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUJHZOVDCJJUJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylidenepentane-1,5-diol Chemical group OCCC(=C)CCO JUJHZOVDCJJUJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004278 EU approved seasoning Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lauroyl peroxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000015429 Mirabilis expansa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- JVZNDXYQYCDASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2,3-di(propan-2-yl)phenyl] 7,7-dimethyloctaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC(OOC(=O)CCCCCC(C)(C)C)=C1C(C)C JVZNDXYQYCDASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ITMIAZBRRZANGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-ene-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)C=C ITMIAZBRRZANGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical class C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSGQRLUGQNBHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-yl butan-2-yloxycarbonyloxy carbonate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(=O)OOC(=O)OC(C)CC NSGQRLUGQNBHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UPDZRIPMRHNKPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carboxyoxy 4,4-dimethoxybutyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(OC)CCCOC(=O)OOC(O)=O UPDZRIPMRHNKPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadec-1-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LQAVWYMTUMSFBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent-4-en-1-ol Chemical compound OCCCC=C LQAVWYMTUMSFBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005634 peroxydicarbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl propan-2-yloxycarbonyloxy carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)OOC(=O)OC(C)C BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPVDWEHVCUBACK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propoxycarbonyloxy propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OOC(=O)OCCC YPVDWEHVCUBACK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012045 salad Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006300 shrink film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C(C)(C)C OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NMOALOSNPWTWRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 7,7-dimethyloctaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C NMOALOSNPWTWRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001862 ultra low molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsilane Chemical class [SiH3]C=C UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/02—Ethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
- C08F216/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an alcohol radical
- C08F216/04—Acyclic compounds
- C08F216/06—Polyvinyl alcohol ; Vinyl alcohol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F218/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid or of a haloformic acid
- C08F218/02—Esters of monocarboxylic acids
- C08F218/04—Vinyl esters
- C08F218/08—Vinyl acetate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/12—Hydrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2800/00—Copolymer characterised by the proportions of the comonomers expressed
- C08F2800/10—Copolymer characterised by the proportions of the comonomers expressed as molar percentages
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and a method for producing the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer.
- EVOH resin An ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “EVOH resin”) is a very strong molecule because it is structurally easy to arrange and has a hydrogen bond between hydroxyl groups present in the polymer side chain. Since it has an interstitial force, it has high crystallinity and also has a high intermolecular force even in an amorphous part, so that gas molecules such as oxygen hardly pass through the EVOH resin. Therefore, a film using an EVOH resin exhibits excellent gas barrier properties.
- EVOH resin is used by being molded into a film or sheet of food packaging material, pharmaceutical packaging material, industrial chemical packaging material, agricultural chemical packaging material, or a container such as a bottle, etc. by utilizing its excellent gas barrier property. .
- EVOH resin is usually an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer obtained by copolymerization of ethylene and a fatty acid vinyl ester such as vinyl acetate, in the presence of an alkali catalyst, using alcohol such as methanol as a solvent under high temperature and high pressure. Manufactured by saponification.
- EVOH resin pellets are usually put into an extrusion molding machine or the like and formed into a film or sheet by melt molding.
- the appearance of the molded product may be reduced. It may be damaged.
- a high temperature for example, 200 ° C. or more
- a heat-degraded product or a crosslinked product is easily formed.
- the EVOH resin stays in the extrusion molding machine, the EVOH resin is easily affected.
- the EVOH resin staying in the staying portion continues to receive heat, the EVOH resin deteriorates and becomes a cause of foreign matters and fish eyes.
- melt mold EVOH resin In order to suppress the formation of thermally deteriorated products and cross-linked products during molding, it is conceivable to melt mold EVOH resin at as low a temperature as possible, but it is necessary to lower the melting point of EVOH resin in order to melt mold EVOH resin at a low temperature. There is.
- a method for reducing the melting point of the EVOH resin for example, there are methods such as increasing the ethylene content, decreasing the degree of saponification, and adding a plasticizer.
- Non-Patent Document 1 describes the relationship between the ethylene content and the melting point of EVOH resin, the relationship between the saponification degree and the melting point, and the higher the ethylene content or the lower the saponification degree. It is shown to have a low melting point.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an ethylene-vinyl alcohol containing an ethylene unit (III), a vinyl alcohol unit (IV), and a vinyl ester unit (V).
- the ratio of the ethylene unit (III) to the total of the units (III + IV + V) is 20 to 60 mol%, and the carboxylic acid units at the polymer terminal of the copolymer with respect to the total of the units (III + IV + V)
- the non-patent document 1 in which the ethylene content is increased to lower the melting point of the EVOH resin and the saponification degree is lowered tend to decrease the gas barrier properties.
- the ethylene content in the EVOH resin is increased, hydrogen bonds are lost in the ethylene portion and the bonding force between the molecules is reduced, so that gas molecules and the like easily pass through the portion.
- the degree of saponification is lowered, an acetyl group remains in the EVOH resin, so that a portion that is difficult to be crystallized remains.
- a plasticizer is added, the plasticizer enters the crystal, and thus the crystal The part that is difficult to be converted remains. Therefore, any technique will reduce gas barrier property.
- Patent Document 1 is a technique for improving the thermal stability by adjusting the structure of the polymer terminal, and it is not assumed that the melting point of the EVOH resin is lowered.
- ethylene-vinyl alcohol can be melt-molded at a temperature lower than that of the prior art, thereby suppressing generation of unnecessary coloring and fish eyes of the molded product, and obtaining a molded product having excellent gas barrier properties.
- a copolymer is desired.
- the present invention has the following configurations (1) to (6).
- the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer has a carboxylic acid group, a carboxylic acid group, or a lactone ring group at a polymer terminal, and the carboxylic acid ester group, the carboxylic acid group, the carboxylic acid group, and the The ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer according to (1) or (2), wherein the content of the carboxylic acid ester group with respect to the total amount of lactone ring groups is 5 to 45 mol%.
- an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer having a low melting point can be provided. Therefore, by using the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer of the present invention, it becomes possible to perform melt molding at a low temperature, thereby preventing thermal deterioration during melt molding to prevent coloration and having excellent gas barrier properties. Can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a 1 H-NMR chart (solvent: deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO-D6)) of the EVOH resin obtained in Example 1.
- the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH resin) of the present invention has a carboxylic acid ester group at the end of the polymer.
- the “polymer terminal” refers to the terminal portion of the main chain where the repeating structure of the monomer unit (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the monomer unit) is interrupted.
- the polymer terminal of the EVOH resin is usually a methyl group, a hydroxyl group, or a carboxylic acid group (a carboxylic acid group, a carboxylic acid group, and a lactone ring group).
- the carboxylic acid group at the polymer terminal of the EVOH resin has been found to have a carboxylic acid ester group, thereby lowering the melting point of the EVOH resin and enabling melt molding at a low temperature. .
- the carboxylic acid ester group is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include carboxylic acid alkyl ester groups such as a carboxylic acid methyl ester group, a carboxylic acid ethyl ester group, a carboxylic acid butyl ester group, and a carboxylic acid ethylhexyl ester group. However, it does not contain a cyclic ester group such as a lactone ring group. Of these, a carboxylic acid alkyl ester group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms of an alkoxy group is preferred, and a carboxylic acid methyl ester group is more preferred from the viewpoint that a steric hindrance that does not inhibit the crystallinity of the EVOH resin is preferred.
- the content of the carboxylic acid ester group at the end of the polymer is preferably 0.01 to 0.2 mol% with respect to the total amount of monomer units in the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer.
- the content of the carboxylic acid ester group is more preferably 0.02 to 0.15 mol%, and further preferably 0.03 to 0.1 mol%.
- the monomer unit in the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer is an ethylene unit, a vinyl alcohol unit, a vinyl ester unit derived from a vinyl ester monomer that remains without being saponified in some cases, and other copolymerized monomer units. Point to.
- the total amount of the monomer units means the total amount of moles of each unit.
- the content of the carboxylic acid ester group with respect to the total amount of the carboxylic acid ester group, the carboxylic acid group, the carboxylic acid group, and the lactone ring group at the end of the polymer in the EVOH resin is 5 to 45 mol%. Is preferred. If the content of the carboxylic acid ester group relative to the total amount of the carboxylic acid ester group, the carboxylic acid group, the carboxylic acid group, and the lactone ring group is too large, the gas barrier property of the EVOH resin tends to decrease. There is a tendency for the decline to be insufficient.
- the content of carboxylic acid ester groups is more preferably 10 to 40 mol%, and further preferably 15 to 30 mol%. Particularly preferred is 15 to 20 mol%.
- the content of the carboxylic acid ester group at the polymer terminal with respect to the total amount of monomer units in the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer in the present invention, and the carboxylic acid ester group, carboxylic acid group, carboxylic acid base at the polymer terminal is usually determined by analyzing various contents of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), or It is obtained by calculating.
- NMR nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
- ⁇ Analysis method> (1-1) Measurement of terminal methyl group amount 1 H-NMR measurement (solvent: deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO-D6), 50 ° C.) using EVOH resin with “400 MHz NMR” (manufactured by Bruker BioSpin Corporation) ) Using a chart obtained by measurement. That is, in the NMR chart as illustrated in FIG.
- Terminal methyl group content (mol%) (I Me-1/3 ) / [(I Me-1/3) + (I OAc / 3) + I CH + ⁇ I CH2 -2 ⁇ I CH -2 ⁇ (I OAc / 3) -2 ⁇ ( I Me-1 / 3) ⁇ / 4]
- the content (Z) of the carboxylic acid group with respect to the total (P) is usually 5 to 20 mol%, preferably 10 to 20 mol%.
- the content (W) of the carboxylate group with respect to the total (P) is usually 5 to 20 mol%, preferably 15 to 20 mol%.
- the content (X) of the lactone ring group relative to the total (P) is usually 30 mol% or more and less than 55 mol%, preferably 40 to 50 mol%. When the amount is within the above range, the effect of the present invention tends to be obtained more efficiently.
- the ethylene unit content (ethylene content) in the EVOH resin of the present invention is preferably 20 to 60 mol% with respect to the total number of moles of monomer units in the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer. . If the ethylene content is too low, the melting point becomes high, so it is necessary to perform melt molding at a temperature near or above the thermal decomposition temperature, and the appearance of the molded product obtained due to thermal deterioration during molding tends to be impaired. is there. Moreover, when there is too much ethylene content, there exists a tendency for gas barrier property to fall.
- the ethylene content is more preferably 25 to 50 mol%, and further preferably 25 to 45 mol%. Such ethylene content can be measured, for example, according to ISO 14663-1 (1999).
- the EVOH resin production method of the present invention includes, for example, a method in which an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer is saponified to form an EVOH resin, the polymer terminal carboxylate group remains, and the polymer terminal in the EVOH resin
- the method of esterifying the carboxylic acid group and / or carboxylic acid group which were formed in (1) is mentioned.
- it is substantially free of moisture and in the presence of an alcohol solvent.
- a method is preferred in which sodium alkoxide is used as the saponification catalyst, and the sodium alkoxide remaining in the system after the saponification reaction is neutralized with an acid to stop the saponification reaction, thereby leaving the carboxylate group at the end of the polymer.
- substantially no water means that the content of water in the solvent is 0% by weight, or that the solvent inevitably contains 0.1% by weight or less of water.
- ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer In the production of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH resin) of the present invention, ethylene and vinyl ester monomer are first polymerized (reacted) together with a polymerization solvent, a polymerization catalyst (polymerization initiator), etc. An ester copolymer is obtained.
- the polymerization method may be any known polymerization method, for example, solution polymerization, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, or bulk polymerization, and generally solution polymerization is used. Moreover, any of a continuous type and a batch type may be sufficient.
- vinyl ester monomer vinyl acetate is typically used from the viewpoint of market availability and good impurity treatment efficiency during production.
- Other examples include aliphatic vinyl esters such as vinyl formate, vinyl propionate, vinyl valerate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl isobutyrate, vinyl pivalate, vinyl caprate, vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate, vinyl versatate, and benzoic acid.
- aromatic vinyl esters such as vinyl acid, and are usually aliphatic vinyl esters having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 4 to 10 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 4 to 7 carbon atoms. These are usually used alone, but a plurality of them may be used simultaneously as necessary.
- Examples of the polymerization solvent generally include lower alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol, and ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone. One kind may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be used in combination. .
- methanol is preferably used industrially.
- the amount of the polymerization solvent used may be appropriately selected in consideration of the chain transfer constant of the polymerization solvent in accordance with the degree of polymerization of the target copolymer.
- S (polymerization solvent) ) / M (monomer) 0.01 to 10 (weight ratio), preferably 0.05 to 7 (weight ratio).
- polymerization catalyst examples include known radical polymerization catalysts such as azobisisobutyronitrile, acetyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, lauryl peroxide, and low-temperature active radical polymerization catalysts.
- low-temperature active radical polymerization catalyst examples include t-butylperoxyneodecanoate, t-butylperoxypivalate, ⁇ , ⁇ '-bis (neodecanoylperoxy) diisopropylbenzene, cumylperoxyneodecanoate, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutylperoxyneodecanoate, 1-cyclohexyl-1-methylethylperoxyneodecanoate, t-hexylperoxyneodecanoate, t-hexylperoxypi Peroxyesters such as valates, di-n-propyl peroxydicarbonate, di-iso-propyl peroxydicarbonate, di-sec-butyl peroxydicarbonate, bis (4-t-butylcyclohexyl) peroxydi Carbonate, di-2-ethoxyethyl peroxydicarbo Peroxydicarbon
- the amount of polymerization catalyst used varies depending on the type of catalyst and cannot be determined unconditionally, but is arbitrarily selected according to the polymerization rate. For example, when azobisisobutyronitrile or acetyl peroxide is used, 0.001 to 0.2 parts by weight is preferable with respect to 100 parts by weight of the vinyl ester monomer, and 0.005 to 0.1 parts by weight is more preferable. .
- ethylene pressure polymerization As a method for introducing ethylene into the copolymer, ordinary ethylene pressure polymerization may be carried out, and the amount introduced can be controlled by the pressure of ethylene. Usually, it is selected from the range of 2.0 to 8.0 MPa.
- the reaction temperature of the copolymerization reaction cannot be generally determined depending on the polymerization solvent and pressure to be used, but is usually carried out below the boiling point of the polymerization solvent, usually 40 to 80 ° C., particularly preferably 55 to 80 ° C. . If the temperature is too low, a long time is required for the polymerization, and if the polymerization time is to be shortened, a large amount of catalyst is required. On the other hand, if the temperature is too high, the polymerization control becomes difficult.
- the polymerization time is preferably 4 to 10 hours, more preferably 6 to 9 hours in the case of a batch system. If the polymerization time is too short, the polymerization temperature must be increased or the amount of catalyst must be set large. Conversely, if the polymerization time is too long, there is a problem in terms of productivity, which is not preferable.
- the average residence time in the polymerization can is preferably 2 to 8 hours, more preferably 2 to 6 hours. If the residence time is too short, the polymerization temperature must be increased or the amount of catalyst must be set large. Conversely, if the polymerization time is too long, there is a problem in terms of productivity, which is not preferable.
- the polymerization rate of the vinyl ester monomer is set as high as possible within the range where polymerization can be controlled from the viewpoint of productivity, and is preferably 30 to 60%. If the polymerization rate is too low, there are problems such as productivity and the presence of a large amount of unpolymerized vinyl ester monomers, and on the contrary, if it is too high, polymerization control becomes difficult, which is not preferable.
- the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer thus obtained is saponified to obtain the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer of the present invention.
- Such an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer is a saponified product of an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, and is usually composed mainly of an ethylene structural unit and a vinyl alcohol structural unit. A quantity of vinyl ester structural units.
- Alkali metal alkoxide is used as the saponification catalyst used in the saponification reaction, and examples thereof include sodium alkoxide such as sodium methoxide and sodium ethoxide, potassium t-butoxide and the like. Alternatively, two or more kinds may be used in combination. Among these, sodium alkoxide is preferable from the viewpoint of saponification efficiency.
- sodium methoxide is preferably used because methanol is commonly used as a saponification solvent in common with a polymerization solvent.
- the amount of the saponification catalyst used is appropriately selected depending on the saponification method, the target saponification degree, etc.
- sodium methoxide it is usually based on the total amount of monomers such as vinyl ester monomers. 0.001 to 100 equivalents, preferably 0.003 to 50 equivalents is appropriate.
- the method for producing an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer of the present invention is characterized in that the saponification reaction is carried out in a non-aqueous system.
- the saponification reaction is performed in a state where the ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer obtained above is dissolved in an alcohol solvent that does not substantially contain water.
- substantially free of moisture means that the water content in the solvent is 0% by weight, or the solvent inevitably contains water of 0.1% by weight or less. Means that.
- the carboxylic acid at the end of the polymer can be efficiently esterified, and the existing carboxylic acid ester groups can be hydrolyzed.
- an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer having a carboxylic acid ester group at the polymer terminal can be obtained.
- Examples of the alcohol solvent used in the saponification reaction include methanol, ethanol, and the like. Among them, methanol is used because it is easy to distill off when the by-product ester is a low boiling point methanol ester. Is preferred.
- batch saponification continuous saponification on the belt, and continuous saponification of the tower type are possible depending on the target degree of saponification, etc.
- column saponification under constant pressure is preferably used because the crystallization reaction is highly efficient and easy to proceed.
- the pressure during saponification cannot be generally stated depending on the target ethylene content, but is selected from the range of normal pressure to 1.0 MPa, and the saponification temperature is 50 to 180 ° C., preferably 70 to 150 ° C.
- the saponification time is selected from 1 to 5 hours.
- the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH resin) of the present invention is obtained.
- the saponification degree of the obtained EVOH resin and the melt flow rate (MFR) (210 ° C., The load 2,160 g) is not particularly limited.
- the saponification degree of the vinyl ester component in the EVOH resin is usually 90 mol% or more, preferably 93 to 99.99 mol%, particularly preferably 98 to 99.99 mol%.
- the saponification degree of the vinyl ester component can be measured according to, for example, JIS K6726 (1994) (however, EVOH resin is a solution uniformly dissolved in water / methanol solvent).
- the melt flow rate (MFR) (210 ° C., load 2,160 g) of the EVOH resin is usually 1 to 100 g / 10 minutes, preferably 2 to 50 g / 10 minutes, particularly preferably 3 to 30 g / 10 minutes. . If the MFR is too large, the mechanical strength of the molded product tends to deteriorate, and if it is too small, the extrusion processability during molding tends to deteriorate.
- the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer of the present invention has a carboxylate group at the end of the polymer, and its content is as described above.
- the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer of the present invention may have a carboxylic acid group, a carboxylic acid group such as sodium carboxylate, or a lactone ring group at the end of the polymer.
- the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer of the present invention may further contain structural units derived from the following comonomer.
- the comonomer includes ⁇ -olefins such as propylene, isobutene, ⁇ -octene, ⁇ -dodecene, ⁇ -octadecene, 3-buten-1-ol, 4-penten-1-ol, and 3-butene-1,2-diol.
- Hydroxy group-containing ⁇ -olefins such as hydroxy group-containing ⁇ -olefin derivatives such as esterified products and acylated products thereof, and hydroxy groups such as 2-methylenepropane-1,3-diol and 3-methylenepentane-1,5-diol Hydroxyalkylvinylidene diacetates such as alkylvinylidenes, 1,3-diacetoxy-2-methylenepropane, 1,3-dipropionyloxy-2-methylenepropane, 1,3-dibutyronyloxy-2-methylenepropane, Unsaturated carboxylic acid or its salt, partial alkyl ester, complete alkyl ester Nitrile amide anhydrides, unsaturated sulfonic acids or salts thereof, vinyl silane compounds, vinyl chloride, a comonomer such as styrene. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer of the present invention can be used as it is, but further, it is a compounding agent generally blended with an EVOH resin, for example, a heat stabilizer, an antistatic agent, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- Agent, colorant, ultraviolet absorber, lubricant, plasticizer, light stabilizer, surfactant, antibacterial agent, desiccant, antiblocking agent, flame retardant, crosslinking agent, curing agent, foaming agent, crystal nucleating agent, antifogging Agents, biodegradable additives, silane coupling agents, oxygen absorbers and the like may be contained.
- additives may be added for the purpose of improving various physical properties such as heat stability during melt molding.
- a boron compound, acetate, and phosphate including acetic acid, boric acid and salts thereof.
- the salt include salts such as alkali metal salts (sodium, potassium, etc.), alkaline earth metal salts (calcium, magnesium, etc.), and zinc salts.
- the amount added is usually 0.001 to 1 part by weight, preferably 0.005 to 0.2 part by weight, particularly preferably 0.010 to 0.1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the EVOH resin. Parts by weight. If the amount of acetic acid added is too small, the effect of acetic acid content tends not to be obtained sufficiently, and conversely if too large, it tends to be difficult to obtain a uniform film.
- the amount added is usually 0.001 to 1 part by weight in terms of boron (analyzed by ICP emission spectrometry after ashing) with respect to 100 parts by weight of EVOH resin, preferably Is 0.002 to 0.2 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.005 to 0.1 parts by weight. If the addition amount of the boron compound is too small, the effect of adding the boron compound may not be sufficiently obtained. Conversely, if the addition amount is too large, it tends to be difficult to obtain a uniform film.
- the amount of acetate and phosphate (including hydrogen phosphate) added is usually 0.0005 in terms of metal (after ashing and analyzed by ICP emission spectrometry) with respect to 100 parts by weight of EVOH resin.
- the amount is from 0.1 to 0.1 parts by weight, preferably from 0.001 to 0.05 parts by weight, particularly preferably from 0.002 to 0.03 parts by weight. If the amount added is too small, the content effect may not be sufficiently obtained, while if too large, it tends to be difficult to obtain a uniform film.
- a method for adding a heat stabilizer such as acetic acid, a boron compound, acetate, and phosphate to the EVOH resin is not particularly limited, and i) a porous precipitate of EVOH resin having a water content of 20 to 80% by weight, A method of bringing the porous EVOH resin into contact with an aqueous solution of the additive and then drying; ii) adding the additive to a uniform solution (water / alcohol solution, etc.) of the EVOH resin, and then coagulating A method of extruding the solution into strands, then cutting the resulting strands into pellets and further drying treatment; iii) A method of mixing EVOH resin and additives together and then melt-kneading with an extruder or the like Iv) In the production of EVOH resin, the alkali (sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc.) used in the saponification step is neutralized with an organic acid such as acetic acid, and the remaining organic
- the method i) and ii), which are excellent in the dispersibility of the additive, and the method iv) are preferred when an organic acid and a salt thereof are contained.
- the EVOH resin of the present invention can be formed into, for example, a film, sheet, cup or bottle by melt molding.
- melt molding methods extrusion molding methods (T-die extrusion, inflation extrusion, blow molding, melt spinning, profile extrusion, etc.) and injection molding methods are mainly employed.
- the melt molding temperature is usually selected from the range of 150 to 300 ° C.
- the molded product may be used for various purposes as it is, but usually it is laminated with another base material to further increase the strength or to give other functions.
- a thermoplastic resin is useful as such another base material.
- the thermoplastic resin include linear low-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, ultra-low-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, and the like, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene (block and random) copolymers, propylene - ⁇ -olefin ( ⁇ -olefin having 4 to 20 carbon atoms) copolymers, polyolefins such as polybutene and polypentene, grafted polyolefins obtained by graft-modifying these polyolefins with unsaturated carboxylic acids or esters thereof, ionomers, ethylene -Vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid ester copoly
- These base resins contain an antioxidant, an antistatic agent, a lubricant, a core material, an antiblocking agent, an ultraviolet absorber, a wax and the like as conventionally known within a range not impairing the gist of the present invention. May be.
- the lamination method for laminating the EVOH resin of the present invention with another substrate can be performed by a known method.
- a method of melt extrusion laminating another substrate to the EVOH resin film or sheet of the present invention a method of melt extrusion laminating the resin to another substrate, and a method of coexisting the resin and another substrate.
- a method of removing the solvent after applying the resin solution above may be used.
- the co-extrusion method is preferable from the viewpoint of cost and environment.
- the layer structure of the laminate is such that the EVOH resin-containing layer of the present invention is a (a1, a2,%), And the thermoplastic resin-containing layer is b (b1, b2,). Not only a two-layer structure but also b / a / b, a / b / a, a1 / a2 / b, a / b1 / b2, b2 / b1 / a / b1 / b2, b2 / b1 / a / b1 / a Any combination such as / b1 / b2 is possible.
- R is a recycling layer containing a mixture of the EVOH resin and the thermoplastic resin, which is obtained by re-melt molding an end portion or a defective product generated in the process of manufacturing the laminate, b / R / A, b / R / a / b, b / R / a / R / b, b / a / R / a / b, b / R / a / R / a / R / b, etc. It is.
- an adhesive resin layer can be provided between the respective layers as necessary, and a known material may be used as the adhesive resin.
- a known material may be used as the adhesive resin.
- Such an adhesive resin varies depending on the type of the resin of the b layer, and may be appropriately selected.
- an unsaturated carboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof is chemically bonded to a polyolefin resin by an addition reaction or a graft reaction.
- the modified olefin polymer containing the carboxyl group obtained by making it can be mentioned.
- maleic anhydride graft modified polyethylene maleic anhydride graft modified polypropylene, maleic anhydride graft modified ethylene-propylene (block and random) copolymer, maleic anhydride graft modified ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, maleic anhydride graft Modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and the like, and one or a mixture of two or more selected from these are preferable.
- These adhesive resins can also be blended with EVOH compositions, other EVOH resins, polyisobutylene, rubber / elastomer components such as ethylene-propylene rubber, and b-layer resins.
- blending a polyolefin resin different from the base polyolefin resin of the adhesive resin is useful because the adhesiveness may be improved.
- the laminated body as described above is then subjected to (heating) stretching treatment as necessary, and such (heating) stretching treatment is a film or sheet-like laminated body that is thermally uniformly heated. It means an operation for uniformly forming a tube or a film by chuck, plug, vacuum force, pneumatic force, blow or the like.
- the stretching may be either uniaxial stretching or biaxial stretching, and in the case of biaxial stretching, it may be simultaneous stretching or sequential stretching.
- a roll stretching method a tenter stretching method, a tubular stretching method, a stretching blow method, a vacuum / pressure forming method, or the like having a high stretching ratio
- a simultaneous biaxial stretching method can be employed.
- the stretching temperature is usually selected from the range of about 40 to 170 ° C, preferably about 60 to 160 ° C. If the stretching temperature is too low, the stretchability becomes poor, and if it is too high, it becomes difficult to maintain a stable stretched state.
- the heat setting can be carried out by a well-known means.
- the stretched film is usually heat-treated at 80 to 180 ° C., preferably 100 to 165 ° C. for about 2 to 600 seconds while maintaining a tension state.
- the above heat setting is not performed in order to impart heat shrinkability, for example, cold air is applied to the stretched film. To cool and fix.
- the thickness of the thermoplastic resin layer and adhesive resin layer of the laminate cannot be generally stated depending on the layer structure, type of thermoplastic resin, type of adhesive resin, application and packaging form, required physical properties, etc.
- the resin layer is usually selected from the range of about 10 to 1000 ⁇ m, preferably 50 to 500 ⁇ m, and the adhesive resin layer is about 5 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably about 10 to 250 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the EVOH resin-containing layer of the present invention varies depending on the required gas barrier properties, but is usually 1 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably 2 to 250 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 3 to 100 ⁇ m. If the thickness is too thin, sufficient gas barrier properties tend not to be obtained. Conversely, if the thickness is too thick, the flexibility of the film tends to be insufficient.
- the base material is not limited to the thermoplastic resin described above. Any substrate (paper, metal foil, uniaxial or biaxially stretched plastic film or sheet and its inorganic compound deposit, woven fabric, non-woven fabric, metallic cotton, wood, etc.) can be used.
- Containers and lids made of bags, cups, trays, tubes, bottles, etc. made of films, sheets, stretched films, and the like obtained as described above are seasonings such as mayonnaise and dressing, miso, etc. It is useful as a container for various packaging materials for fermented foods, fats and oils such as salad oil, beverages, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
- Example 1 [Production of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer] Using a polymerization can with a stirrer, ethylene and vinyl acetate were reacted under the following conditions to continuously polymerize the copolymer.
- (Polymerization conditions) ⁇ Supply amount of vinyl acetate with oxygen concentration adjusted to 1ppm 100 parts / hr ⁇ Methanol supply amount 14 parts / hr -Peroxyester supply amount (polymerization catalyst) 0.008 part / hr ⁇ Polymerization temperature 67 °C ⁇ Ethylene pressure 3.6MPa ⁇ Average residence time 4hr The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer obtained at this time had an ethylene content of 29 mol% and a vinyl acetate polymerization rate of 38%.
- the methanol used in the following production has a concentration of 100% methanol. 100 parts of a methanol solution containing 50% of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer was put into a reactor having a jacket. To this reaction vessel, 150 parts of methanol and 10 parts of a methanol solution containing 25 equivalents of sodium methoxide with respect to the vinyl acetate group in the copolymer were supplied, and the jacket temperature was adjusted to 80 to 90 ° C. at normal pressure. The saponification reaction was performed for 30 minutes while methanol vapor containing methyl acetate was distilled off from the upper part of the reaction can.
- the resin concentration of the obtained ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, saponification degree: 99.2 mol%) in methanol was 20%.
- methanol was distilled while blowing water vapor until the resin concentration in the methanol / water solution of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer was 35%, to obtain a completely transparent methanol / water homogeneous solution.
- the methanol / water solution of the obtained ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer was extruded into cold water in the form of a strand, and the resulting strand (water-containing porous material) was cut with a cutter, and the diameter was 3.8 mm.
- a porous pellet of EVOH resin having a resin content of 35% and a length of 4 mm was obtained.
- the obtained porous pellet was washed with 250 parts of treated water containing 0.08 part of sodium acetate / 0.05 part of acetic acid for 100 parts of the porous pellet for 1 hour. Washing was performed a total of 7 times again after replacing the treated water. Subsequently, the obtained porous pellet was dried at 120 ° C.
- the integral values (I Me-1 ), (I CH2 ), (I OAc ), and (I CH ) are respectively terminal methyl, methylene other than the end group, terminal methyl in the vinyl acetate unit, and vinyl alcohol unit. It relates to the peak derived from methine.
- Terminal methyl group content (mol%) (I Me-1/3 ) / [(I Me-1/3) + (I OAc / 3) + I CH + ⁇ I CH2 -2 ⁇ I CH -2 ⁇ (I OAc / 3) -2 ⁇ ( I Me-1 / 3) ⁇ / 4]
- the content (Y) (mol%) of the carboxylic acid methyl ester group was calculated by the following formula 2 using x ).
- the integral values (I Me-2 ), (I x ), and (I y ) relate to peaks derived from terminal methyl, lactone ring group, lactone ring group, and carboxylic acid methyl ester group, respectively.
- the integral values (I y ), (I z ), (I w ), and (I x ) relate to peaks derived from carboxylic acid methyl ester group and lactone ring group, carboxylic acid, sodium carboxylate, and lactone ring group, respectively.
- Table 1 shows the results obtained in the above (1-1) to (1-3).
- Example 2 In Example 1, the amount of sodium methoxide added in the saponification reaction was 50 equivalents, the amount of sodium methoxide to be resupplied was 50 equivalents, and the amount of acetic acid used for stopping the saponification reaction was 2.5 parts.
- An ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 1 (Comparative Example 1) In Example 1, the sodium methoxide supplied in the saponification reaction was sodium hydroxide, the re-supplied sodium methoxide was sodium hydroxide, and the saponification reaction was not stopped by the addition of acetic acid. Similarly, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer was prepared.
- Examples 1 and 2 had a melting point (Tm) by differential scanning amount analysis lower than that of Comparative Example 1 by 2 ° C. or more. Thereby, it becomes possible to perform melt molding at a temperature lower than that of the prior art, thereby suppressing thermal deterioration during melt molding and suppressing coloration. Moreover, since the polymer terminal contains a carboxylic acid ester group, the influence on the crystallization of the EVOH resin is extremely small, and it is presumed that the gas barrier property of the obtained molded product is not impaired.
- the film using the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer of the present invention is excellent in melt moldability and extremely useful industrially.
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Abstract
Description
(1)重合体末端にカルボン酸エステル基を有するエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体。
(2)前記カルボン酸エステル基の含有量が、共重合体におけるモノマーユニットの合計量に対して、0.01~0.2モル%である、前記(1)に記載のエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体。
(3) 前記エチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体が、重合体末端にカルボン酸基、カルボン酸塩基またはラクトン環基を有し、前記カルボン酸エステル基、前記カルボン酸基、前記カルボン酸塩基及び前記ラクトン環基の合計量に対する前記カルボン酸エステル基の含有量が、5~45モル%である、前記(1)又は(2)に記載のエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体。
(4)前記カルボン酸エステル基が、カルボン酸アルキルエステル基である、前記(1)~(3)のいずれか1つに記載のエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体。
(5)前記(1)~(4)のいずれか1つに記載のエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体の製造方法であって、エチレンとビニルエステル系モノマーを共重合して共重合体を得る工程、及び前記共重合体にケン化触媒を用いて非水系でケン化反応を行う工程、を含み、前記ケン化反応を行う工程が、ケン化触媒としてアルカリ金属アルコキシドを用いるエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体の製造方法。
(6)前記ケン化反応を行う工程が、水分を含まないアルコール系溶媒の存在下で行う、前記(5)に記載のエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体の製造方法。
なお、本発明において「重合体末端」とは、モノマー単位の繰り返し構造(以下、モノマーユニットと称することがある。)が途切れる主鎖の終端部を指す。
また、重合体末端をカルボン酸エステル基とすることで、EVOH樹脂の結晶化への影響も極めて小さく、得られる成形物のガスバリア性を損なうことがないものと推定される。
ここで、エチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体におけるモノマーユニットとは、エチレンユニット、ビニルアルコールユニット、場合によってケン化されず残存したビニルエステル系モノマー由来のビニルエステルユニット、その他共重合されたモノマーのユニットを指す。また、上記モノマーユニットの合計量とは、各々のユニットのモル数の合計量を意味する。
(1-1)末端メチル基量の測定
EVOH樹脂を、「400MHz NMR」(ブルカー・バイオスピン株式会社製)を用いて1H-NMR測定(溶媒:重ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO-D6)、50℃で測定)して得られたチャートを用いて算出する。
すなわち、図1に例示されるようなNMRチャートにおける、0.7~0.95ppmの末端メチル基の積分値(IMe-1)、0.95~1.85ppmの末端基以外のメチレン(エチレンユニット、ビニルアルコールユニット、酢酸ビニルユニットのメチレンの合計)の積分値(ICH2)、1.9~2ppmの酢酸ビニルユニット中の末端メチル基の積分値(IOAc)、3.1~4.3ppmのビニルアルコールユニット中のメチンの積分値(ICH)を用いて、下記の式1により末端メチル基量を算出する。
(式1)
末端メチル基量(モル%)
=(IMe-1/3)/[(IMe-1/3)+(IOAc/3)+ICH+{ICH2-2×ICH-2×(IOAc/3)-2×(IMe-1/3)}/4]
EVOH樹脂を、測定装置「400MHz NMR」(ブルカー・バイオスピン株式会社製)を用いて1H-13C HSQC測定(溶媒:重DMF/重水=70/30(重量比))して得られたチャートを用いる。すなわち、図2に例示されるような二次元NMRチャートにおいて、<1>および<2>は末端ラクトン環基由来の相関ピークであり、<3>および<4>は末端カルボン酸エステル由来の相関ピークであり、<5>は末端カルボン酸基由来の相関ピークであり、<6>は末端カルボン酸塩基由来の相関ピークである。かかる<3>および<4>の相関ピークの存在を確認することで、末端カルボン酸エステル基の存在を確認する。
即ち、図3に例示されるようなNMRチャートにおいて、0.7~1ppmの末端メチル基の積分値(IMe-2)、2.30~2.48ppmのピーク積分値(Iy)、2.48~2.65ppmのピーク積分値(Ix)を用いて、下記の式2によりカルボン酸エステル基の含有量(Y)(モル%)を算出する。
(式2)
カルボン酸エステル基の含有量(Y)(モル%)
=末端メチル基量(モル%)×[(Iy-Ix/2)/2]/(IMe-2/3)
EVOH樹脂を、測定装置「400MHz NMR」(ブルカー・バイオスピン株式会社製)を用いて1H-NMR測定(溶媒:重DMF/重水=70/30(重量比)、80℃で測定)して得られたチャートを用いて、合計(P)に対するカルボン酸エステル基の含有量(Q)を算出する。化学シフト値はTMSのピーク0ppmを基準とする。
即ち、図3に例示されるようなNMRチャートにおいて、2.30~2.48ppmのピーク積分値(Iy)、2.22~2.30ppmのピーク積分値(Iz)、2.1~2.22ppmのピーク積分値(Iw)、2.48~2.65ppmのピーク積分値(Ix)を用いて、下記の式3によりカルボン酸エステル基(Y)の、カルボン酸エステル基(Y)とカルボン酸基(Z)とカルボン酸塩基(W)とラクトン環基(X)の合計(P)に対するカルボン酸エステル基の含有量(Q)(モル%)を算出する。
(式3)
合計(P)に対するカルボン酸エステル基の含有量(Q)(モル%)
=[(Iy-Ix/2)/2]/[Ix/2+(Iy-Ix/2)/2+Iz/2+Iw/2]
上記合計(P)に対するカルボン酸基の含有量(Z)は通常5~20モル%であり、好ましくは10~20モル%である。
上記合計(P)に対するカルボン酸塩基の含有量(W)は通常5~20モル%であり、好ましくは15~20モル%である。
上記合計(P)に対するラクトン環基の含有量(X)は通常30モル%以上55モル%未満であり、好ましくは40~50モル%である。
かかる量が上記範囲内である場合、本発明の効果がより効率的に得られる傾向がある。
かかるエチレン含有量は、例えば、ISO14663-1(1999)に準じて計測することができる。
中でも、エチレンとビニルエステル系モノマーを共重合させ、得られたエチレン-ビニルエステル系共重合体をケン化してEVOH樹脂とする際に、実質的に水分を含まず、アルコール系溶媒の存在下、ケン化触媒としてナトリウムアルコキシドを用い、ケン化反応後に系中に残存するナトリウムアルコキシドを酸で中和してケン化反応を停止させることで、重合体末端のカルボン酸エステル基を残す方法が好ましい。なお、「実質的に水分を含まない」とは、溶媒中の水の含有率が0重量%であること、又は溶媒が0.1重量%以下の水を不可避的に含むことを意味する。
本発明のエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体(EVOH樹脂)の製造では、まず、エチレンとビニルエステル系モノマーを、重合溶媒及び重合触媒(重合開始剤)等とともに重合(反応)させてエチレン-ビニルエステル系共重合体を得る。
重合方法は公知の任意の重合法、例えば、溶液重合、懸濁重合、エマルジョン重合、バルク重合のいずれであってもよく、一般的には溶液重合が用いられる。また、連続式、回分式のいずれであってもよい。
ビニルエステル系モノマーとしては、市場入手性や製造時の不純物処理効率が良い点から、代表的には酢酸ビニルが用いられる。この他、例えば、ギ酸ビニル、プロピオン酸ビニル、バレリン酸ビニル、酪酸ビニル、イソ酪酸ビニル、ピバリン酸ビニル、カプリン酸ビニル、ラウリン酸ビニル、ステアリン酸ビニル、バーサチック酸ビニル等の脂肪族ビニルエステル、安息香酸ビニル等の芳香族ビニルエステル等が挙げられ、通常炭素数3~20、好ましくは炭素数4~10、特に好ましくは炭素数4~7の脂肪族ビニルエステルである。これらは通常単独で用いるが、必要に応じて複数種を同時に用いてもよい。
重合溶媒としては、通常、メタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、ブタノール等の低級アルコールやアセトン、メチルエチルケトン等のケトン類等が挙げられ、1種を単独で用いてもよく2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。重合溶媒は、工業的には、メタノールが好適に使用される。
重合触媒としては、例えば、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル、過酸化アセチル、過酸化ベンゾイル、過酸化ラウリル等の公知のラジカル重合触媒や低温活性ラジカル重合触媒が挙げられる。低温活性ラジカル重合触媒としては例えばt-ブチルパーオキシネオデカノエート、t-ブチルパーオキシピバレート、α,α’-ビス(ネオデカノイルパーオキシ)ジイソプロピルベンゼン、クミルパーオキシネオデカノエート、1,1,3,3,-テトラメチルブチルパーオキシネオデカノエート、1-シクロヘキシル-1-メチルエチルパーオキシネオデカノエート、t-ヘキシルパーオキシネオデカノエート、t-ヘキシルパーオキシピバレート等のパーオキシエステル類、ジ-n-プロピルパーオキシジカーボネート、ジ-iso-プロピルパーオキシジカーボネート、ジ-sec-ブチルパーオキシジカーボネート、ビス(4-t-ブチルシクロヘキシル)パーオキシジカーボネート、ジ-2-エトキシエチルパーオキシジカーボネート、ジ(2-エチルヘキシル)パーオキシジカーボネート、ジメトキシブチルパーオキシジカーボネート、ジ(3-メチル-3-メトキシブチルパーオキシ)ジカーボネート等のパーオキシジカーボネート類、3,3,5-トリメチルヘキサノイルパーオキシド、ジイソブチリルパーオキシド、ラウロイルパーオキシド等のジアシルパーオキシド類等の有機過酸化物、2,2′-アゾビス-(2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)、2,2′-アゾビス-(4-メトキシ-2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)等のアゾ化合物等が挙げられる。なお、かかる低温活性ラジカル重合触媒とは、60℃での半減期が10~300分である有機化合物を意味する。これらの重合触媒は、1種を単独で用いてもよく2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
このようにして得られたエチレン-ビニルエステル系共重合体は、ケン化され、本発明のエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体が得られる。かかるエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体は、エチレン-ビニルエステル系共重合体のケン化物であり、通常、エチレン構造単位とビニルアルコール構造単位を主とし、場合によってはケン化されずに残存した若干量のビニルエステル構造単位を含むものである。
ケン化反応に使用されるケン化触媒としてはアルカリ金属アルコキシドが使用され、例えば、ナトリウムメトキシド、ナトリウムエトキシド等のナトリウムアルコキシド、カリウム-t-ブトキシド等が挙げられ、1種を単独で用いてもよく2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。中でも、ケン化効率の点でナトリウムアルコキシドが好ましく、特に、通常、ケン化溶媒として重合溶媒と共通してメタノールが使われることからナトリウムメトキシドを使用することが好ましい。
実質的に水を含まないアルコール系溶媒の存在下でケン化反応を行うことで、重合体末端のカルボン酸が効率的にエステル化され、また、存在するカルボン酸エステル基が加水分解することがなく、重合体末端にカルボン酸エステル基を有したエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体を得ることができる。
かかるビニルエステル成分のケン化度は、例えば、JIS K6726(1994)(ただし、EVOH樹脂は水/メタノール溶媒に均一に溶解した溶液にて)に準じて計測することができる。
特に、酢酸、ホウ酸およびその塩を含むホウ素化合物、酢酸塩、リン酸塩を添加することが好ましい。上記塩は、アルカリ金属塩(ナトリウム、カリウム等)、アルカリ土類金属塩(カルシウム、マグネシウム等)、亜鉛塩などの塩が挙げられる。
本発明の効果をより顕著に得るためには、添加物の分散性に優れるi)、ii)の方法、有機酸およびその塩を含有させる場合はiv)の方法が好ましい。
かくして得られた本発明のEVOH樹脂は、溶融成形により例えばフィルム、シート、カップやボトルなどに成形することができる。かかる溶融成形方法としては、押出成形法(T-ダイ押出、インフレーション押出、ブロー成形、溶融紡糸、異型押出等)、射出成形法が主として採用される。溶融成形温度は、通常150~300℃の範囲から選ぶことが多い。
かかる他の基材としては熱可塑性樹脂が有用である。熱可塑性樹脂としては例えば、直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン、低密度ポリエチレン、超低密度ポリエチレン、中密度ポリエチレン、高密度ポリエチレン等のポリエチレン類、ポリプロピレン、エチレン-プロピレン(ブロックおよびランダム)共重合体、プロピレン-α-オレフィン(炭素数4~20のα-オレフィン)共重合体、ポリブテン、ポリペンテン等のポリオレフィン類、これらポリオレフィン類を不飽和カルボン酸又はそのエステルでグラフト変性したグラフト化ポリオレフィン類、アイオノマー、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン-アクリル酸共重合体、エチレン-アクリル酸エステル共重合体、ポリエステル系樹脂、ポリアミド系樹脂(共重合ポリアミドも含む)、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、アクリル系樹脂、ポリスチレン、ビニルエステル系樹脂、ポリエステルエラストマー、ポリウレタンエラストマー、塩素化ポリエチレン、塩素化ポリプロピレン等のハロゲン化ポリオレフィン、芳香族または脂肪族ポリケトン、更にこれらを還元して得られるポリアルコール類等が挙げられるが、積層体の物性(特に強度)等の実用性の点から、ポリオレフィン系樹脂やポリアミド系樹脂が好ましく、特にはポリエチレン、ポリプロピレンが好ましく用いられる。
これらの中でも、コストや環境の観点から考慮して共押出しする方法が好ましい。
また、本発明のEVOH樹脂から得られた多層延伸フィルムをシュリンク用フィルムとして用いる場合には、熱収縮性を付与するために、上記の熱固定を行わず、例えば延伸後のフィルムに冷風を当てて冷却固定するなどの処理を行う。
尚、例中「部」とあるのは、断りのない限り重量基準を意味する。
[エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体の製造]
撹拌機付き重合缶を用いて以下の条件でエチレンと酢酸ビニルとを反応させて共重合体を連続重合した。
(重合条件)
・酸素濃度を1ppmに調整した酢酸ビニル供給量 100部/hr
・メタノール供給量 14部/hr
・パーオキシエステル供給量(重合触媒) 0.008部/hr
・重合温度 67℃
・エチレン圧 3.6MPa
・平均滞留時間 4hr
この時得られたエチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体のエチレン含有量は29モル%で、酢酸ビニルの重合率は38%であった。
以下の製造で用いたメタノールは、濃度100%メタノールである。
上記エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体を50%含むメタノール溶液100部をジャケットを有する反応缶に投入した。この反応缶にメタノール150部および該共重合体中の酢酸ビニル基に対して25当量のナトリウムメトキシドを含有するメタノール溶液10部を供給し、常圧で、かつジャケット温度を80~90℃に保持し、反応缶上部から酢酸メチルを含有するメタノール蒸気を留去しながら、30分間ケン化反応を行った。その後、反応缶にメタノール150部を追加し、反応缶上部からメタノール蒸気と共に残存酢酸メチルを留去した。
次いで、メタノール150部および該共重合体の酢酸ビニルに対して25当量のナトリウムメトキシドを含有するメタノール溶液10部を再度供給し、同様に30分間のケン化反応を行った。その後、さらにメタノール150部を追加、反応缶上部からメタノール蒸気とともに残存酢酸メチルを留去した後、酢酸1.3部を投入し、ケン化反応を停止した。得られたエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体(エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物、ケン化度99.2モル%)のメタノール溶液の樹脂分濃度は20%であった。次に、エチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体のメタノール/水溶液中の樹脂分濃度が35%になるまで水蒸気を吹き込みながらメタノールを留出させ、完全透明なメタノール/水均一溶液を得た。
得られた多孔性ペレットを、多孔性ペレット100部に対し酢酸ナトリウム0.08部/酢酸0.05部を含有する処理水250部にて1時間洗浄した。処理水を入れ替えて再度洗浄を合計7回行った。次いで、得られた多孔性ペレットを、酸素濃度0.5%以下の窒素気流下で120℃で8時間乾燥を行い、EVOH樹脂100部に対し揮発分0.17部を含有するEVOH樹脂組成物ペレットを得た。かかるEVOH樹脂のMFRは3.8g/10分(210℃、荷重2,160g)であった。
得られたEVOH樹脂の融点を示差走査量計(パーキンエルマー社製「Pyris1」、商品名)を用いて、昇温速度10℃/minで測定した。結果を表1に示す。
(1-1)末端メチル基量の測定
得られたEVOH樹脂について、測定装置「400MHz NMR」(ブルカー・バイオスピン株式会社製)を用いて1H-NMR測定(溶媒:重ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO-D6)、50℃で測定)した。得られた1H-NMRチャートを図1に示す。
図1中、0.7~0.95ppmの末端メチル基の積分値(IMe-1)、0.95~1.85ppmの末端基以外のメチレン(エチレンユニット、ビニルアルコールユニット、酢酸ビニルユニットのメチレンの合計)の積分値(ICH2)、1.9~2ppmの酢酸ビニルユニット中の末端メチル基の積分値(IOAc)、3.1~4.3ppmのビニルアルコールユニット中のメチンの積分値(ICH)を用いて、下記の式1により末端メチル基量を算出した。
ここで積分値(IMe-1)、(ICH2)、(IOAc)、(ICH)はそれぞれ、末端メチル、末端基以外のメチレン、酢酸ビニルユニット中の末端メチル、ビニルアルコールユニット中のメチン由来のピークに関するものである。
(式1)
末端メチル基量(モル%)
=(IMe-1/3)/[(IMe-1/3)+(IOAc/3)+ICH+{ICH2-2×ICH-2×(IOAc/3)-2×(IMe-1/3)}/4]
得られたEVOH樹脂について、測定装置「400MHz NMR」(ブルカー・バイオスピン株式会社製)を用いて1H-13C HSQC測定(溶媒:重DMF/重水=70/30(重量比))を行った。得られた二次元NMRチャートを図2に示す。
図2において、<1>および<2>は末端ラクトン環基由来の相関ピークであり、<3>および<4>は末端カルボン酸メチル由来の相関ピークであり、<5>は末端カルボン酸基由来の相関ピークであり、<6>は末端カルボン酸ナトリウム基由来の相関ピークである。図2より、末端カルボン酸メチルエステル基の存在を確認した。
即ち、0.7~1ppmの末端メチル基の積分値(IMe-2)、2.30~2.48ppmのピーク積分値(Iy)、2.48~2.65ppmのピーク積分値(Ix)を用いて、下記の式2によりカルボン酸メチルエステル基の含有量(Y)(モル%)を算出した。
ここで、積分値(IMe-2)、(Ix)、(Iy)はそれぞれ末端メチル、ラクトン環基、ラクトン環基およびカルボン酸メチルエステル基由来のピークに関するものである。
(式2)
カルボン酸メチルエステル基の含有量(Y)(モル%)
=末端メチル基量(モル%)×[(Iy-Ix/2)/2]/(IMe-2/3)
得られたEVOH樹脂について、測定装置「400MHz NMR」(ブルカー・バイオスピン株式会社製)を用いて1H-NMR測定(溶媒:重DMF/重水=70/30(重量比)、80℃で測定)して得られた1H-NMRチャート(図3参照)を用いて、合計(P)に対するカルボン酸メチルエステル基の含有量(Q)を算出した(化学シフト値はTMSのピーク0ppmを基準にした。)。即ち、2.30~2.48ppmのピーク積分値(Iy)、2.22~2.30ppmのピーク積分値(Iz)、2.1~2.22ppmのピーク積分値(Iw)、2.48~2.65ppmのピーク積分値(Ix)を用いて、下記の式3によりカルボン酸メチルエステル基(Y)の、カルボン酸メチルエステル基(Y)とカルボン酸基(Z)とカルボン酸ナトリウム基(W)とラクトン環基(X)の合計(P)に対するカルボン酸メチルエステル基の含有量(Q)(モル%)を算出した。
ここで、積分値(Iy)、(Iz)、(Iw)、(Ix)はそれぞれカルボン酸メチルエステル基およびラクトン環基、カルボン酸、カルボン酸ナトリウム、ラクトン環基由来のピークに関するものである。
(式3)
合計(P)に対するカルボン酸メチルエステル基の含有量(Q)(モル%)
=[(Iy-Ix/2)/2]/[Ix/2+(Iy-Ix/2)/2+Iz/2+Iw/2]
実施例1において、ケン化反応において投入するナトリウムメトキシドの量を50当量、再供給するナトリウムメトキシドの量を50当量、ケン化反応停止に用いる酢酸の量を2.5部とした以外は実施例1と同様にエチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体を作製した。
実施例1において、ケン化反応において供給するナトリウムメトキシドを水酸化ナトリウムとし、再供給するナトリウムメトキシドを水酸化ナトリウムとし、酢酸の添加でケン化反応を停止しなかった以外は実施例1と同様にエチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体を作製した。
また、上記(1-2)と同様に、得られたEVOH樹脂について、測定装置「400MHz NMR」(商品名、ブルカー・バイオスピン株式会社製)を用いて1H-13C HSQC測定(溶媒:重DMF/重水=70/30(重量比))を行った。得られた二次元NMRチャートを図4に示す。図4を比較し、実施例1における<3>および<4>に相当する箇所に相関ピークが認められなかったことから、末端カルボン酸メチルエステル基が存在しないことを確認した。この結果より、カルボン酸メチルエステル基含有量(Y)を0モル%とした。
これらの結果を表1に示す。
Claims (6)
- 重合体末端にカルボン酸エステル基を有するエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体。
- 前記カルボン酸エステル基の含有量が、共重合体におけるモノマーユニットの合計量に対して、0.01~0.2モル%である、請求項1に記載のエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体。
- 前記エチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体が、重合体末端にカルボン酸基、カルボン酸塩基またはラクトン環基を有し、
前記カルボン酸エステル基、前記カルボン酸基、前記カルボン酸塩基及び前記ラクトン環基の合計量に対する前記カルボン酸エステル基の含有量が、5~45モル%である、請求項1又は2に記載のエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体。 - 前記カルボン酸エステル基が、カルボン酸アルキルエステル基である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体の製造方法であって、
エチレンとビニルエステル系モノマーを共重合して共重合体を得る工程、及び
前記共重合体にケン化触媒を用いて非水系でケン化反応を行う工程、を含み、
前記ケン化反応を行う工程が、ケン化触媒としてアルカリ金属アルコキシドを用いる、エチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体の製造方法。 - 前記ケン化反応を行う工程が、水分を含まないアルコール系溶媒の存在下で行う、請求項5に記載のエチレン-ビニルアルコール系共重合体の製造方法。
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EP3560994A4 (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2019-12-25 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | ETHYLENE VINYL ALCOHOL COPOLYMER RESIN COMPOSITION AND MULTILAYER STRUCTURE |
JPWO2019103073A1 (ja) * | 2017-11-22 | 2020-10-01 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | エチレン−ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物、溶融成形用材料、多層構造体および熱成形容器用材料 |
US11292860B2 (en) | 2016-12-20 | 2022-04-05 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer pellets, resin composition, and multilayer structure |
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KR102405288B1 (ko) | 2019-01-22 | 2022-06-07 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 비닐 알코올계 공중합체, 이의 제조 방법 및 이를 포함하는 기체 차단성 필름 |
JP6719031B1 (ja) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-07-08 | 株式会社クラレ | 樹脂組成物、成形体及び多層構造体 |
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- 2016-12-19 SG SG11201804958TA patent/SG11201804958TA/en unknown
- 2016-12-19 WO PCT/JP2016/087817 patent/WO2017110752A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2016-12-19 US US16/065,323 patent/US11225537B2/en active Active
- 2016-12-19 CN CN201680076196.XA patent/CN108431054B/zh active Active
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3560994A4 (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2019-12-25 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | ETHYLENE VINYL ALCOHOL COPOLYMER RESIN COMPOSITION AND MULTILAYER STRUCTURE |
US11292860B2 (en) | 2016-12-20 | 2022-04-05 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer pellets, resin composition, and multilayer structure |
US11884806B2 (en) | 2016-12-20 | 2024-01-30 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin composition, and multilayer structure |
JPWO2019103073A1 (ja) * | 2017-11-22 | 2020-10-01 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | エチレン−ビニルアルコール系共重合体組成物、溶融成形用材料、多層構造体および熱成形容器用材料 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN108431054A (zh) | 2018-08-21 |
US20190100610A1 (en) | 2019-04-04 |
TW201734060A (zh) | 2017-10-01 |
JP6790837B2 (ja) | 2020-11-25 |
CN108431054B (zh) | 2023-11-17 |
JPWO2017110752A1 (ja) | 2018-10-11 |
EP3395841A4 (en) | 2019-06-12 |
EP3395841A1 (en) | 2018-10-31 |
SG11201804958TA (en) | 2018-07-30 |
US11225537B2 (en) | 2022-01-18 |
TWI740874B (zh) | 2021-10-01 |
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