WO2017104755A1 - 金属ガスケット及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
金属ガスケット及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017104755A1 WO2017104755A1 PCT/JP2016/087410 JP2016087410W WO2017104755A1 WO 2017104755 A1 WO2017104755 A1 WO 2017104755A1 JP 2016087410 W JP2016087410 W JP 2016087410W WO 2017104755 A1 WO2017104755 A1 WO 2017104755A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/84—Making other particular articles other parts for engines, e.g. connecting-rods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0421—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0436—Cold rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/08—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/08—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
- F16J15/0806—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing characterised by material or surface treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a metal gasket that is easy to process and provides high high-temperature strength when used at high temperatures, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- Patent Document 1 Exhaust metal gaskets and bolts used in engine joints including turbochargers, EGR, etc. are no exception, and high-temperature strength is required.
- SUS301 series austenitic stainless steel is often used for metal gaskets for cylinder heads of automobile engines.
- an austenitic stainless steel for metal gaskets containing a large amount of N which is further improved in strength, high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, etc., has been developed (Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 2 Also disclosed is a metal gasket made of an Fe—Ni—Cr alloy reinforced by a combination of cold rolling and precipitation hardening and a method for producing the same.
- Patent Document 1 is an austenitic stainless steel whose heat-resistant strength is improved by adding a large amount of N.
- Patent Document 2 discloses alloys and manufacturing methods for various metal gaskets of Fe—Ni—Cr alloys. Particularly for Fe—Ni—Cr alloys that can be precipitation hardened, the hardness of the metal gasket is increased by performing a precipitation hardening treatment before use. That is, in order to provide sufficient strength to withstand use at high temperatures, it is recommended to perform precipitation hardening heat treatment before use.
- the object of the present invention is a metal gasket suitable for a joint part of an exhaust system exposed to a high temperature such as an automobile engine, which can be easily formed by cold working and is used in a state where no aggressive aging treatment is performed. It is another object of the present invention to provide a metal gasket excellent in high temperature strength which is hardened by precipitation hardening by being exposed to a high temperature during use, and a method for producing the same.
- the present inventor has intensively studied a precipitation hardening type Fe-based super heat-resistant alloy (also referred to as a precipitation-strengthened Fe-based super heat-resistant alloy) having a specific alloy composition.
- a precipitation hardening type Fe-based super heat-resistant alloy also referred to as a precipitation-strengthened Fe-based super heat-resistant alloy
- precipitation-hardened Fe-base superalloys that are in solution form can be cold worked, can be cold-rolled into thin plates like metal gaskets, and can be pressed into gasket shapes.
- the metal gasket of the exhaust system is exposed to a high temperature of about 600 to 850 ° C. as it is, and as it is cold worked after the solution treatment, it is subjected to age hardening treatment. It was found that aging precipitation strengthening similar to that occurred and gradually strengthened (hardened).
- the present inventors have found a metal structure for achieving both such cold workability and aging precipitation strengthening during use, and have reached the present invention
- a precipitated ⁇ ′ phase having an equivalent circle diameter of 25 nm or more is formed in the austenite base.
- the size of the precipitated ⁇ 'phase is preferably an average equivalent circle diameter of less than 20 nm.
- a method for producing a metal gasket in which a metal gasket molded into a metal gasket shape is subjected to a solution treatment at 900 to 1150 ° C., and further to a molded metal gasket or a metal gasket subjected to a solution treatment at 700 to 850 ° C. It is preferable to perform an aging treatment for 0.5 to 5 hours.
- a metal gasket used for a joining part exposed to a high temperature such as an exhaust system of an automobile engine
- a high temperature such as an exhaust system of an automobile engine
- it has both a good cold workability to a gasket shape and a high strength during use at a high temperature. It is possible to achieve higher reliability.
- C 0.10% or less>
- C has the effect of improving the strength and ductility at normal temperature and high temperature by forming Ti, Nb, V and MC type carbides and refining the crystal grains, so it is necessary to add a small amount.
- C is 0.10% or less It was.
- C is preferably 0.08% or less, more preferably 0.05% or less.
- the lower limit of C is preferably set to 0.01%.
- Si 1.0% or less
- Mn 2.0% or less> Si and Mn are added as deoxidizing elements, but excessive addition may reduce the high-temperature strength. Therefore, Si is limited to 1.0% or less, and Mn is limited to 2.0% or less. More preferably, Si is 0.5% or less and Mn is 1.5% or less.
- the lower limit of Si is preferably 0.2% or more, and the lower limit of Mn may be 0%.
- P and S are impurity elements and are preferably less, and may be 0% each.
- P and S are not actively added, but may be mixed from raw materials. When mixed, if P is 0.04% or less and S is 0.01% or less, the properties of the metal gasket of the present invention are not adversely affected. Therefore, P and S have a P content of 0.04%.
- S was set to 0.01% or less.
- P is preferably 0.03% or less, more preferably 0.01% or less. Further, S is preferably 0.005% or less, more preferably 0.003% or less.
- Ni is an essential element for stabilizing the base austenite phase.
- it is a constituent element of the ⁇ ′ (gamma prime) phase, which is an aging precipitation phase that precipitates during use, and is therefore an important element for increasing the normal temperature and high temperature strength. If Ni is less than 25.0%, not only the austenite phase becomes unstable, but also the precipitation of the ⁇ 'phase becomes insufficient and the normal temperature and high-temperature strength are lowered, so the lower limit of Ni was made 25.0%.
- Ni exceeds 60.0% not only is the effect of further improving the properties of the metal gasket of the present invention difficult to obtain, but the price is significantly increased, so the upper limit of Ni is 60.0%. did.
- the Ni content can be limited to an appropriate range within the range of 25.0 to 60.0% in consideration of price and characteristics. Specifically, for example, if it is desired to obtain strength at high temperature from the balance between price and characteristics, the range of 25.0 to 30.0% is preferable. Further, a range of 30.0 to 49.0% is preferable as a range in which the strength can be improved. Further, if it is intended to obtain strength at a higher temperature side, the range of 50.0 to 60.0% is preferable.
- Cr is an element necessary for maintaining the oxidation resistance of the metal gasket. If Cr is less than 10.0%, the oxidation resistance required for the metal gasket cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if added in excess of 20.0%, the austenite phase of the base becomes unstable, and during use for a long time, harmful brittle phases such as ⁇ 'phase and ⁇ (sigma) phase are generated, and the strength and ductility of the metal gasket. Reduce. For this reason, Cr was made 10.0 to 20.0%. Preferably, Cr is 18.0% or less, and more preferably 17.0% or less.
- Mo and W are elements of the same family, and in the metal gasket of the present invention, both are effective elements for enhancing the solution at normal temperature and high temperature by solid solution strengthening in the austenite phase.
- the metal gasket of the present invention is a necessary and important element because it provides an effect of suppressing deformation at a high temperature by interaction with dislocations during use.
- Mo and W may be added alone or in combination. In the case of complex addition, the addition amount can be expressed as Mo + W / 2 in terms of the atomic weight ratio between the two (applicable to single addition if either is 0%).
- Mo and W have a small effect of improving high-temperature strength when Mo + W / 2 is less than 0.05%.
- an embrittlement phase such as a Laves phase may be generated.
- W are one or two, and Mo + W / 2 is 0.05 to 5.0%.
- the preferable upper limit of Mo and W is preferably appropriately contained in the range of 0.05 to 5.0% in consideration of the balance between price and characteristics.
- the Mo + W / 2 is preferably set to 1.0% or less.
- Mo and W are preferably Mo + W / 2 of 3.5% or more.
- Al is one of the main constituent elements of the ⁇ ′ phase, which is an intermetallic compound that precipitates together with Ti and Nb during use, and is an element necessary for increasing the normal temperature and high temperature strength during use. In order to precipitate the ⁇ ′ phase and contribute to strengthening, it is necessary to add more than 0.8%. On the other hand, if adding over 3.0%, the hot workability deteriorates. It exceeded 0.8% and was made into 3.0% or less.
- Al can select suitably the preferable range within the said range in balance with the amount of Ti and Nb which are the main elements which comprise the other (gamma) 'phase.
- Ti is one of the main constituent elements of the ⁇ ′ phase, which is an intermetallic compound that age-precipitates during use together with Al and Nb, and is an element necessary for increasing the normal temperature and high temperature strength during use. In order to contribute to strengthening by precipitating the ⁇ 'phase, addition of 1.5% or more is necessary. On the other hand, when it exceeds 4.0%, it is a coarse intermetallic compound ⁇ (eta) when heated at a high temperature. ) Phase is easily formed, and the strength and ductility at high temperatures are reduced, so Ti was made 1.5 to 4.0%. In addition, Ti can select suitably the preferable range in the said range in balance with the amount of Al and Nb which are the main elements which comprise the other (gamma) 'phase.
- Nb is one of the constituent elements of the ⁇ ′ phase, which is an intermetallic compound that age-precipitates together with Al and Ti, and is an effective element for increasing the normal temperature and high temperature strength during use. If Nb is less than 0.05%, the effect of increasing the strength is insufficient. On the other hand, if it exceeds 2.5%, a coarse Laves phase composed of Fe 2 Nb is generated and the strength and ductility at high temperatures are lowered. Therefore, Nb was set to 0.05 to 2.5%. In addition, the preferable range of Nb can also be suitably selected in the said range with the balance with Al and Ti.
- a preferable combination of Al, Ti, and Nb can be selected as appropriate.
- One of them is Al: more than 0.8 and not more than 2.0%, Ti: 2.5 to 4.0%, Nb: 0.05 to 1.0%, the second is Al: 1.6 to 3.0%, Ti: 1.5 to 3.0%, Nb: 0.3 to 2.5%, The third is Al: 1.6-2.5%, Ti: 1.5-3.0%, Nb: 0.5-2.0%.
- V 1.0% or less (including 0%)> V has the effect of refining austenite crystal grains by generating MC type carbides and improving the strength and ductility at room temperature and high temperature, so V is added as necessary. In the case of addition, if it exceeds 1.0%, coarse carbides may be formed to reduce ductility, or an unstable oxide film may be formed at a high temperature to impair oxidation resistance. 1.0% or less (including 0%). The preferred range for addition is 0.10 to 1.0%. A preferable upper limit of V is 0.5%.
- B when added in a small amount, is an element effective for enhancing the strength and ductility at high temperatures by the grain boundary strengthening action. However, if the amount is less than 0.001%, the amount of segregation at the grain boundary is small, so the effect is not sufficient. On the other hand, if added over 0.015%, the initial melting temperature during heating is lowered and hot workability is reduced. Therefore, B is set to 0.001 to 0.015%. A preferred range is 0.001 to 0.010%.
- Mg not only has a function of reducing oxygen as a deoxidizer, but also is added to fix S by bonding with S that has segregated at the grain boundaries to improve hot workability. If Mg is less than 0.0005%, the effect is not sufficient. On the other hand, if added over 0.01%, the amount of oxides and sulfides increases, resulting in a decrease in cleanliness as inclusions, or with low melting point Ni. Mg is limited to 0.0005 to 0.01% because the amount of the compound increases and the hot workability decreases. A preferable lower limit of Mg is 0.001%, and a preferable upper limit of Mg is 0.007%. A more preferable upper limit of Mg is 0.005%. Note that a part of Mg may be replaced with Ca. In that case, (Mg + 0.6 ⁇ Ca) may be limited to the range of Mg alone.
- ⁇ S / Mg 1.0 or less> Since the purpose of adding Mg is to improve hot workability by fixing S that segregates at the grain boundaries, the amount of addition is determined according to the amount of S. In order to suppress the harmful effect of S on the hot workability, it is effective to limit the value of S / Mg to 1.0 or less. When a part or all of Mg is replaced with Ca, S / (Mg + 0.6 ⁇ Ca) is preferably limited to 1.0 or less. The relationship between S / Mg and S / (Mg + 0.6 ⁇ Ca) is preferably 0.5 or less.
- ⁇ N 0.01% or less (including 0%), O: 0.005% or less (including 0%)> O and N combine with Al, Ti, Nb and the like to form oxide-based and nitride-based inclusions to reduce cleanliness and deteriorate fatigue strength, and also form a ⁇ 'phase. Since there is a possibility that the strength increase due to precipitation strengthening during use by reducing the amount of Al, Ti, Nb, it is preferable to keep it as low as possible, and it may be 0%.
- O is 0.005% or less
- N is 0.01% or less, more preferably O is 0.004% or less
- N is 0.005% or less.
- ⁇ Remainder Fe and inevitable impurities> Fe is necessary as an inexpensive main element of the austenite phase constituting the base in order to obtain the metal gasket alloy of the present invention, and the balance is substantially Fe.
- the following elements can be allowed within the following ranges because the elements shown below are within the following ranges, since there is little substantial influence.
- REM: ⁇ 0.1% Ag, Sn, Pb, As, and Bi are also impurity elements that segregate at the austenite grain boundaries and cause a decrease in high-temperature strength. Ag, Sn, Pb, As, and Bi are limited to 0.01% or less in total. It is preferable.
- the precipitation strengthening phase of the alloy having the composition defined in the present invention is the ⁇ ′ phase, and basically the ⁇ ′′ (gamma double prime) phase is not precipitated. Since the ⁇ ′ phase is a stable phase up to a high temperature as compared with the ⁇ ′′ phase, when the strength at a high temperature exceeding 700 ° C. is required, the composition in which the precipitation strengthening phase becomes the ⁇ ′ phase is selected. . When the ⁇ ′′ phase becomes the main precipitation strengthening phase, the strength greatly decreases at a high temperature exceeding 700 ° C.
- the size of the ⁇ ′ phase is defined as the precipitation strengthening phase.
- the “equivalent circle diameter” of the precipitated ⁇ ′ phase defined in the present invention refers to the average equivalent circle diameter, and “there is no precipitated ⁇ ′ phase of 25 nm or more”, in other words, there is no ⁇ ′ phase. Or, even if it exists, the size of the ⁇ ′ phase is less than 25 ⁇ m in terms of average equivalent circle diameter. Another rule is that “the average equivalent circle diameter of the ⁇ ′ phase in the austenite base is less than 25 nm (including 0)”.
- the state before the shape-working is soft enough to allow cold plastic working.
- the state which does not perform the aging treatment which brings about a typical precipitation hardening is preferable.
- the metal structure in such a state is a structure in which the base is composed of an austenite structure, and the ⁇ 'phase, which is an aging precipitation strengthening phase, is not precipitated in the austenite base or is precipitated.
- the size is so small that the action is not sufficient.
- the ⁇ 'phase naturally ages and precipitates in the austenite matrix by being exposed to a high temperature during use, and the metal gasket is strengthened by precipitation to increase the strength.
- the average equivalent circular diameter of the ⁇ ′ phase precipitated in the austenite base before use is 25 nm or more, the precipitation strengthening action increases, and it becomes difficult to cold-form the metal gasket shape.
- the ⁇ ' phase has an average equivalent circle diameter of less than 25 nm. Preferably it is less than 20 nm, more preferably 15 nm or less.
- the austenite base may be in an unstrained state or may be in a state of being strained by cold working, but it is preferable that the strain by cold working is small.
- the size of the precipitated ⁇ ′ phase particles can be measured by observation using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). It is known that the precipitated ⁇ 'phase precipitates almost uniformly in the austenite matrix, and is precipitated in a substantially spherical shape at the initial stage of aging precipitation. Therefore, it is sufficiently possible to observe an average tissue form even in a limited visual field that can be observed with a high-magnification TEM. For example, one field of dark field image matched with an electron diffraction spot of ⁇ ′ phase in a field of about 150 nm square is selected, and the average equivalent circle diameter of precipitated ⁇ ′ phase particles is obtained from the observed image, or about 150 to 200 nm.
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- the average equivalent circle diameter of the precipitated ⁇ 'phase particles can be obtained from the average diameter.
- the ⁇ ' phase particles existing on the back side (depth side) of the sample other than those visible on the surface may be transmitted or detected, so they overlap and are elliptical.
- the particles that are visible are removed from the measurement target, and 30 or more ⁇ ′ phase particles are arbitrarily selected and measured, and the average thereof is obtained.
- the metal gasket of the present invention is plastic processed from a cold rolling material (for example, a hot rolled plate or a hot rolled coil) to a required thickness of 1 mm or less by cold rolling. Thereafter, it is cut into a shape of a metal gasket and cold-formed.
- a solid solution treatment is performed in order to make the ⁇ ′ phase, which is a precipitation strengthening phase that may precipitate during hot working, form a solid solution.
- the solution treatment may be performed during the cold rolling process or after the cold rolling.
- the temperature is set to 900 ° C. or more.
- the solution treatment temperature is higher than 1150 ° C., the crystal grains become coarse and the ductility is lowered.
- the treatment temperature is 900-1150 ° C.
- the ⁇ ′ phase slightly precipitates during cooling after the solution treatment, but in this case as well, fast cooling conditions in which the size of the ⁇ ′ phase is an average equivalent circle diameter of less than 25 nm, preferably less than 20 nm. It is necessary to choose.
- the average circle in the austenite base before use is obtained. If the ⁇ ′ phase having an equivalent diameter of less than 25 nm (preferably less than 20 nm) is precipitated, the strength before use can be increased moderately and initial deformation can be suppressed. If the aging treatment temperature is lower than 700 ° C., the hardness cannot be increased moderately by treatment in a short time. On the other hand, if it is 850 ° C. or more, the ⁇ ′ phase is coarsened in a short time and the curing action during use is exerted.
- the aging treatment time is shorter than 0.5 hours, curing is not observed, while when it is longer than 5 hours, the ⁇ ′ phase becomes coarse and processing costs increase.
- the minimum of preferable aging treatment temperature is 735 degreeC, and the upper limit of preferable aging treatment temperature is 780 degreeC.
- the minimum of preferable aging treatment time is 1 hour.
- Table 1 shows the alloy compositions of the metal gaskets of the embodiments of the present invention (Invention Examples 1 to 4) and the comparative embodiment (Comparative Example 10).
- cold rolling was performed to plastically process a thin plate having a thickness of 0.2 mm.
- maintained at 1050 degreeC for 0.5 hour was performed, and it air-cooled (this is made into a solution treatment material).
- the thin plate of the present invention was subjected to a short aging treatment at 750 ° C. for 4 hours after the solution treatment, and the thin plate of the comparative example was held at 720 ° C. for 8 hours and then to 620 ° C. over 2 hours.
- the aging treatment was carried out for a long time by air cooling after holding at 620 ° C. for 8 hours as it was (this is used as an aging treatment material).
- the solid solution treatment material and the aging treatment material were subjected to microstructural observation, Vickers hardness measurement, and heat sag test.
- heat sag test a plate-shaped test piece having a width of 10 mm and a length of 100 mm was heated at 800 ° C. for 4 hours in a state where the central portion in the length direction was bent by 5 mm with respect to the length of 80 mm, Evaluation was made by measuring the amount of deflection (referred to as heat sag here).
- Fig. 1 shows the Vickers hardness at room temperature after solution treatment and after aging treatment.
- the hardness after the solution treatment was all about 150 to 300 HV in terms of Vickers hardness, and it was a hardness that could be molded into a metal gasket shape without any problem.
- the hardness of the inventive examples 1 to 4 after the aging treatment is about 350 to 400 HV, which is slightly harder than that after the solution treatment, but is lower than that of the comparative example 10.
- FIG. 2 shows the amount of heat sag after the solution treatment and after the aging treatment.
- the alloys of Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention have less heat sag and heat sag resistance both after the solution treatment and after the aging treatment as compared with the alloy of Comparative Example 10. It is good. Further, regarding the amount of heat sag after the solution treatment, the alloys of Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention were smaller than those after the aging treatment of the alloy of Comparative Example 10, and showed good heat sag resistance.
- all of the aging treatments of the alloys shown in Invention Examples 1 to 4 were short-term aging treatments at 750 ° C.
- the alloys of Comparative Example 10 subjected to long-term aging treatments were heated to heat. Since the amount of heat is small and the difference from the amount of heat sag after the solution treatment is equal to or less than that of the alloy of Comparative Example 10, it can be seen that good heat sag is exhibited even in a short time aging treatment. . This is because the alloys of Invention Examples 1 to 4 have a relatively fine ⁇ ′ phase that is stable at high temperatures, and precipitation strengthening due to the ⁇ ′ phase acts effectively by maintaining the high temperature. Indicates the amount of sag.
- the alloy of Comparative Example 10 since an unstable ⁇ ′′ phase is mainly precipitated at a high temperature, the strength is lowered by holding at a high temperature, and a large amount of heat sinks.
- the alloys of Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention have lower hardness after the solution treatment and after the aging treatment than the alloy of Comparative Example 10 after the aging treatment, they have good heat-resistant sagability.
- the inventive examples 1 to 4 can obtain a sufficiently good heat sag resistance as compared with the comparative example 10 only by the solution treatment and the short-time aging treatment.
- the metal gasket of the present invention and the manufacturing method thereof are used for a joining part exposed to a high temperature such as an exhaust system of an automobile engine, the cold formability to a gasket shape and high in use at a high temperature. Since the strength can be combined and heat sag during use can be suppressed, higher reliability can be achieved.
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Abstract
Description
従来より、自動車エンジンのシリンダーヘッド用の金属ガスケットにはSUS301系のオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼が多く用いられる。しかし、エンジンの高性能化に伴い、さらに強度、高温強度、耐酸化性などを改良した、Nを多く含む金属ガスケット用オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼が開発されている(特許文献1)。また、冷間圧延、析出硬化の組み合わせによって強化されたFe-Ni-Cr合金からなるメタルガスケットおよびその製造方法が開示されている(特許文献2)。
前記析出γ’相の大きさは平均円相当径で20nm未満であることが好ましい。
前記析出γ’相の大きさは平均円相当径で20nm未満であることが好ましい。
更に前記薄板形状に塑性加工した冷間圧延材に900~1150℃で固溶化処理を行うことが好ましい。
また、更に金属ガスケット形状に成形加工した金属ガスケットに900~1150℃で固溶化処理を行う金属ガスケットの製造方法であり、さらに成形加工した金属ガスケットまたは固溶化処理した金属ガスケットに700~850℃で0.5~5時間の時効処理を行うことが好ましい。
<C:0.10%以下>
Cは、Ti、Nb、VとMC型炭化物を形成し、結晶粒を微細化することで常温および高温での強度と延性をバランスよく向上させる効果を有するため、少量添加する必要がある。しかし、0.10%を超えて添加すると粗大なMC型炭化物を生じて延性を低下させたり、使用中の時効硬化に必要なTi、Nb量を減少させることから、Cは0.10%以下とした。Cは好ましくは0.08%以下、更に好ましくは0.05%以下がよい。また、上記のC添加による効果を確実に得るには、Cの下限を0.01%とすると良い。
SiおよびMnは、脱酸元素として添加されるが、過度の添加は高温強度を低下させるおそれがあることから、Siは1.0%以下、Mnは2.0%以下に制限する。より好ましくは、Siは0.5%以下、Mnは1.5%以下がよい。Siの下限は0.2%以上であることが好ましく、Mnの下限は0%であっても良い。
PおよびSは不純物元素であり少ない方が好ましく、それぞれ0%であってもよい。PおよびSは積極的に添加はしないが、原料等から混入する場合がある。混入した場合、Pは0.04%以下、Sは0.01%以下であれば、本発明金属ガスケットの特性に有害な影響を与えないことから、PとSは、Pが0.04%以下、Sが0.01%以下とした。なお、Pは好ましくは0.03%以下、さらに好ましくは0.01%以下がよい。また、Sは好ましくは0.005%以下、さらに好ましくは0.003%以下がよい。
Niは、基地のオーステナイト相を安定化するのに必須の元素である。また、使用中に析出する時効析出相であるγ’(ガンマプライム)相の構成元素でもあるので、常温および高温強度を高める重要な元素である。Niは25.0%より少ないとオーステナイト相が不安定となるだけでなく、γ’相の析出が不十分となり、常温および高温強度が低下するため、Niの下限を25.0%とした。一方、Niが60.0%を超えると本発明の金属ガスケットの特性のより一層の向上効果が得られにくいだけでなく、価格が大幅に高くなることから、Niの上限を60.0%とした。
なお、Niの含有量については、価格や特性を考慮して25.0~60.0%の範囲内で適切な範囲に限定して含有させることもできる。具体的には、例えば、価格と特性のバランスから高温での強度を得ようとするのであれば25.0~30.0%の範囲が好ましい。また、強度を向上させることができる範囲として、30.0~49.0%の範囲が良い。また、より高温側での強度を得ようとするのであれば、50.0~60.0%の範囲が好ましい。
Crは、金属ガスケットの耐酸化性を維持するのに必要な元素である。Crが10.0%より少ないと金属ガスケットに必要な耐酸化性が得られない。一方、20.0%を超えて添加すると基地のオーステナイト相が不安定となり、長時間使用中にα’相やσ(シグマ)相などの有害脆化相を生成して金属ガスケットの強度や延性を低下させる。このことから、Crは10.0~20.0%とした。好ましくはCrは18.0%以下が良く、さらに好ましくは、17.0%以下が良い。
MoとWは、同族の元素であり、本発明の金属ガスケットにおいては、ともにオーステナイト相に固溶強化して常温および高温強度を高めるのに有効な元素である。特に、本発明の金属ガスケットでは、使用中に、転位との相互作用によって高温での変形を抑制する作用をもたらすため、必要かつ重要な元素である。MoとWは単独で添加しても複合添加してもよい。複合添加する場合には、両者の原子量比に換算して、Mo+W/2で添加量を表すことができる(いずれかを0%とすれば単独添加の場合にも適用可能)。
MoとWは、Mo+W/2が0.05%より少ないと高温強度向上効果が少なく、一方、5.0%を超えて添加するとLaves相等の脆化相が生成するおそれがあることから、MoとWは、1種または2種でMo+W/2が0.05~5.0%とした。MoとWの好ましい上限は、価格と特性のバランスを考慮して0.05~5.0%の範囲内で適切に含有させることが好ましい。具体的には、例えば、高温での強度を得ようとするのであれば、Mo+W/2で1.0%以下とするのが好ましい。また、高い高温強度を得ようとするのであれば、Mo+W/2で3.0%以下がよい。また、さらに高い高温強度を得ようとするのであれば、MoとWは好ましくは、Mo+W/2で3.5%以上である。
Alは、Ti、Nbと共に使用中に時効析出する金属間化合物であるγ’相の主要な構成元素の一つであり、使用中の常温および高温強度を高めるのに必要な元素である。γ’相を析出させて強化に寄与するには、0.8%より多くの添加が必要であり、一方、3.0%を超えて添加すると熱間加工性が低下することから、Alは0.8%を超え3.0%以下とした。なお、Alは他のγ’相を構成する主要元素であるTi、Nb量との兼ね合いで、上記範囲内の好ましい範囲を適宜選択することができる。
Tiは、Al、Nbと共に使用中に時効析出する金属間化合物であるγ’相の主要な構成元素の一つであり、使用中の常温および高温強度を高めるのに必要な元素である。γ’相を析出させて強化に寄与するには、1.5%以上の添加が必要であり、一方、4.0%を超えて添加すると高温加熱時に粗大な金属間化合物であるη(イータ)相が生成しやすくなり、高温での強度や延性が低下することから、Tiは1.5~4.0%とした。なお、Tiは他のγ’相を構成する主要元素であるAl、Nb量との兼ね合いで、上記範囲内の好ましい範囲を適宜選択することができる。
Nbは、Al、Tiと共に使用中に時効析出する金属間化合物であるγ’相の構成元素の一つであり、使用中の常温および高温強度を高めるのに有効な元素である。Nbは、0.05%より少ないと強度を高める効果が不十分であり、一方、2.5%を超えるとFe2Nbからなる粗大なLaves相を生成して高温での強度や延性が低下することから、Nbは0.05~2.5%とした。なお、Nbの好ましい範囲も、Al、Tiとの兼ね合いで、上記範囲内の好ましい範囲を適宜選択することができる。
なお、Nbと同族のTaは、高価な元素であり、本発明の金属ガスケットには添加する必要はない。しかし、強度面ではNbと同様な効果を有するため、Taの添加を考慮する場合はNb=Ta/2の関係を満たすようにNbと置換することができる。
Vは、MC型炭化物を生成することでオーステナイト結晶粒を微細化し、常温および高温での強度と延性を向上させる効果を有するため、必要に応じて添加する。添加する場合には、1.0%を超えると粗大な炭化物を形成して延性を低下させたり、高温で不安定な酸化被膜を形成して耐酸化性を害する可能性があることから、Vは1.0%以下(0%を含む)とした。添加する場合の好ましい範囲は0.10~1.0%である。好ましいVの上限は、0.5%である。
Bは、少量添加すると粒界強化作用により高温での強度と延性を高めるのに有効な元素である。しかし、0.001%より少ないと粒界への偏析量が少ないため効果が十分でなく、一方、0.015%を超えて添加すると加熱時の初期溶融温度が低下して熱間加工性が低下することから、Bは0.001~0.015%とした。好ましい範囲は0.001~0.010%である。
Mgは、脱酸剤として酸素を低減する作用を有するだけでなく、粒界偏析したSと結合してSを固定して、熱間加工性を改善するために添加する。Mgは0.0005%より少ないと効果が十分でなく、一方0.01%を超えて添加すると酸化物や硫化物が多くなり、介在物として清浄度を低下させたり、低融点のNiとの化合物が多くなり、熱間加工性を低下させることから、Mgは0.0005~0.01%に限定する。好ましいMgの下限は0.001%であり、好ましいMgの上限は0.007%である。更に好ましいMgの上限は0.005%である。なお、Mgの一部をCaに置換してもよく、その場合は(Mg+0.6×Ca)をMg単独の範囲に限定すればよい。
Mgの添加の目的は、粒界偏析するSの固定により熱間加工性を向上させることであるため、S量に応じて添加量が規定される。Sの熱間加工性に対する有害作用を抑制するためには、S/Mgの値を1.0以下に限定することが有効である。Mgの一部または全てをCaに置換した場合は、S/(Mg+0.6×Ca)を1.0以下に限定するのが好ましい。S/MgとS/(Mg+0.6×Ca)の関係については0.5以下が好ましい。
OおよびNは、Al、Ti、Nb等と結合して酸化物系、窒化物系の介在物を形成して清浄度を低下させ、疲労強度を劣化させるだけでなく、γ’相を形成するAl、Ti、Nb量を低減して使用中の析出強化による強度上昇を阻害するおそれがあることから、できるだけ低く抑えることが好ましく、0%であってもよい。好ましくは、Oを0.005%以下、Nを0.01%以下とすることがよく、更に好ましくは、Oを0.004%以下、Nを0.005%以下とすることがよい。
Feは、本発明の金属ガスケット用合金を得るために、基地を構成するオーステナイト相の安価な主要元素として必要であり、残部は実質的にFeとする。残部には、不可避的不純物の他、以下に示す元素は以下に示す範囲であれば、実質的な影響は少ないため、以下の範囲で許容することができる。
Zr:≦0.4%、REM:≦0.1%
また、Ag、Sn、Pb、As、Biもオーステナイト粒界に偏析して高温強度の低下を招く不純物元素であり、Ag、Sn、Pb、As、Biは合計で0.01%以下に制限することが好ましい。
次に金属ガスケットの組織の限定理由を述べる。
先ず、本発明で規定する組成の合金の析出強化相はγ’相であり、基本的にγ’’(ガンマダブルプライム)相は析出しない。γ’相は、γ’’相に比べて高温まで安定な相であるため、700℃を超えるような高温での強度が必要な場合は、析出強化相がγ’相となる組成を選択する。γ’’相が主要な析出強化相となると、700℃を超える高温では強度が大きく低下するので、本発明では、析出強化相としてγ’相のサイズを規定する。なお、本発明で規定する析出γ’相の「円相当径」とは平均円相当径を言い、「25nm以上の析出γ’相が存在しない」とは、換言すると、γ’相が存在しないか、或いは、存在していてもγ’相の大きさが平均円相当径で25μm未満と言うものである。別な規定をすると、「オーステナイト基地中のγ’相の平均円相当径が25nm未満(0を含む)」というものである。
本発明合金において、金属ガスケットの形状に冷間加工するには、形状加工前の状態は十分冷間塑性加工できる程度に軟らかいことが必要である。軟らかい金属組織を得るには、固溶化処理を行った状態、あるいは金属ガスケット形状に冷間成形できる程度に小さい加工度で冷間圧延等の冷間加工を行った状態とする必要があり、積極的な析出硬化をもたらす時効処理をしない状態が好ましい。
このような状態の金属組織とは、基地がオーステナイト組織からなる組織であり、オーステナイト基地中には時効析出強化相であるγ’相が析出していないか、あるいは析出していても、析出強化作用が十分でない程度にそのサイズが小さい状態である。この状態で金属ガスケットを使用すると、使用中の高温にさらされることによって、自然にオーステナイト基地中にγ’相が時効析出し、金属ガスケットが析出強化されて強度を高めることができる。
使用前のオーステナイト基地中に析出するγ’相の平均円相当径が25nm以上となると析出強化作用が大きくなり、金属ガスケット形状への冷間成形加工が困難になることから、オーステナイト基地中にγ’相が析出する場合、そのγ’相は平均円相当径で25nm未満とする。好ましくは20nm未満が良く、さらに好ましくは15nm以下がよい。なお、固溶化処理状態のようにγ’相が析出していない状態でも差し支えない。また、オーステナイト基地は歪のない状態でもよいし、冷間加工による歪を加えられた状態でもよいが、冷間加工による歪は小さい方が好ましい。
なお、金属ガスケット形状に成形後の使用前に簡易的な短時間の時効処理を行うことによって、使用前においてオーステナイト基地中に平均円相当径で25nm未満、好ましくは20nm未満のγ’相が析出している組織とすれば、使用前の強度を適度に上昇させることができ、初期の変形を抑えることが可能となる。
次に金属ガスケットの製造方法について述べる。
本発明の金属ガスケットは、冷間圧延用素材(例えば、熱間圧延板または熱間圧延コイル)から冷間圧延によって、1mm以下の必要な厚さに塑性加工される。その後、金属ガスケットの形状に切断、冷間成形される。冷間での塑性加工の過程において、熱間加工時に析出する可能性のある析出強化相であるγ’相を固溶させるための固溶化処理を行う。
固溶化処理は、冷間圧延工程の途中で行ってもよいし、冷間圧延後に行ってもよい。固溶化処理はγ’相の固溶温度以上で行うことが望ましいことから900℃以上とし、また、固溶化処理は1150℃より高いと結晶粒が粗大化して延性が低下することから、固溶化処理温度は900~1150℃とする。なお、固溶化処理後の冷却中にγ’相がわずかに析出する場合もあるが、その場合もγ’相のサイズは平均円相当径で25nm未満、好ましくは20nm未満となる速い冷却条件を選ぶ必要がある。
このように、本発明例1~4の合金は固溶化処理後および時効処理後の硬さが時効処理後の比較例10の合金に比べて低いにもかかわらず、良好な耐熱へたり性を示すことがわかり、本発明例1~4は固溶化処理のみ、および短時間時効処理によって比較例10に比べて十分良好な耐熱へたり性を得ることができる。
Claims (7)
- 質量%でC:0.10%以下、Si:1.0%以下、Mn:2.0%以下、P:0.04%以下(0%を含む)、S:0.01%以下(0%を含む)、Ni:25.0~60.0%、Cr:10.0~20.0%、MoとWの1種または2種がMo+W/2:0.05~5.0%、Al:0.8%を超え3.0%以下、Ti:1.5~4.0%、Nb:0.05~2.5%、V:1.0%以下(0%を含む)、B:0.001~0.015%、Mg:0.0005~0.01%、S/Mg:1.0以下、N:0.01%以下(0%を含む)、O:0.005%以下(0%を含む)、残部Fe及び不可避的不純物からなり、オーステナイト基地中に平均円相当径で25nm以上の析出γ’相が存在しない金属組織を有することを特徴とする金属ガスケット。
- 前記析出γ’相の大きさは平均円相当径で20nm未満であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の金属ガスケット。
- 質量%でC:0.10%以下、Si:1.0%以下、Mn:2.0%以下、P:0.04%以下(0%を含む)、S:0.01%以下(0%を含む)、Ni:25.0~60.0%、Cr:10.0~20.0%、MoとWの1種または2種がMo+W/2:0.05~5.0%、Al:0.8%を超え3.0%以下、Ti:1.5~4.0%、Nb:0.05~2.5%、V:1.0%以下(0%を含む)、B:0.001~0.015%、Mg:0.0005~0.01%、S/Mg:1.0以下、N:0.01%以下(0%を含む)、O:0.005%以下(0%を含む)、残部Fe及び不可避不純物からなる組成を有する金属ガスケットの製造方法であって、
前記組成を有する冷間圧延用素材に冷間圧延を行って薄板形状に塑性加工した後、金属ガスケット形状に成形加工してオーステナイト基地中に平均円相当径で25nm以上の析出γ’相が存在しない金属組織を有する金属ガスケットを得ることを特徴とする金属ガスケットの製造方法。 - 前記析出γ’相の大きさは平均円相当径で20nm未満であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の金属ガスケットの製造方法。
- 前記薄板形状に塑性加工した冷間圧延材に900~1150℃で固溶化処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項3または4に記載の金属ガスケットの製造方法。
- 金属ガスケット形状に成形加工した前記金属ガスケットに900~1150℃で固溶化処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項3乃至5の何れかに記載の金属ガスケットの製造方法。
- 金属ガスケット形状に成形加工した前記金属ガスケットに700~850℃で0.5~5時間の時効処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項3乃至6の何れかに記載の金属ガスケットの製造方法。
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