WO2017099188A1 - Matériau herbicide et procédé d'utilisation de celui-ci - Google Patents

Matériau herbicide et procédé d'utilisation de celui-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017099188A1
WO2017099188A1 PCT/JP2016/086604 JP2016086604W WO2017099188A1 WO 2017099188 A1 WO2017099188 A1 WO 2017099188A1 JP 2016086604 W JP2016086604 W JP 2016086604W WO 2017099188 A1 WO2017099188 A1 WO 2017099188A1
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mass
parts
herbicidal material
material according
calcium aluminate
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PCT/JP2016/086604
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
佐々木　崇
寺島　勲
渡辺　晃
盛岡　実
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デンカ株式会社
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Priority to JP2017555137A priority Critical patent/JP6948263B2/ja
Publication of WO2017099188A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017099188A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M21/00—Apparatus for the destruction of unwanted vegetation, e.g. weeds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
    • C09K17/06—Calcium compounds, e.g. lime
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
    • C09K17/08—Aluminium compounds, e.g. aluminium hydroxide

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a herbicidal material that suppresses the growth of weeds such as river banks, the banks of fields, or the slopes of embankments such as railways and roads, and a method of using the same.
  • Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3 weed prevention material consisting mainly of magnesium oxide and blast furnace slag is mixed with soil on the ground surface, pressed and pressed, and sprinkled on it. Since expression is low, it is easy to be washed away by rainfall after construction, and the effect of suppressing weeds in the breeding season is likely to be reduced.
  • Patent Documents 2 and 3 are the same magnesium oxide-based solidified material as Patent Document 1, so that the initial strength development is low, and the effect of suppressing weeds in the breeding season tends to decrease. Furthermore, the problem with these magnesium oxide-based herbicides in general is that because of the long curing time, the slope with a strong slope may not be able to reach a certain thickness due to watering during construction or raining during rainfall. There was a case where it did not harden in some places. In addition, since the initial strength development is low, plants such as cedar, reed, cocoon, and chigaya that have high penetrating ability are likely to penetrate and grow easily.
  • Patent Document 4 is characterized in that aggregates of incinerated ash, slag, and coal ash are spread, and chloroprene latex, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion, and acrylic emulsion solidifying material are sprayed thereon and fixed.
  • This is an environmentally friendly herbicide that does not use cement or basic substances.
  • it since it is necessary to spread the latex and emulsion uniformly over 3 to 20 cm thick by human power and heavy machinery, much labor has been required.
  • the present invention has a short curing time, high initial strength development, imparts initial frost damage and crack resistance, reduces environmental burden, reduces mowing effort, and ensures sustainability and environmental conservation of grass protection.
  • a herbicidal material and a method of using the same are provided.
  • the gist of the present invention is as follows. (1) A herbicidal material containing calcium aluminate and soil, (2) a herbicidal material of (1) further containing cement, (3) further containing gypsum (1) Or (2) the herbicidal material and (4) calcium aluminate having a CaO / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio of 1.0 to 3.0 and an impurity content of 15% by mass or less (1) to (3) Herbicidal material, (5) Calcium aluminate has a Blaine specific surface area value of 3000 cm 2 / g or more, (1) to (4) herbicidal material, (6) Calcium aluminate vitrification rate However, the herbicidal material of (1) to (5) is 70% or more, and (7) the cement content is 100 to 40000 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of calcium aluminate.
  • Herbicide, (8) gypsum content is calcium aluminate 1 50 to 250 parts by weight of the herbicidal material of (1) to (6), (9) and (1) to (6) of the herbicidal material further containing calcium silicate, (10) The herbicidal material of (9), wherein the calcium silicate is ⁇ -2CaO ⁇ SiO 2 , and (11) the content of calcium silicate is 10 to 60 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of calcium aluminate and gypsum. (9) or (10) the herbicidal material, (12) further containing a shrinkage reducing agent and / or fibers (1) to (11), and (13) a shrinkage reducing agent.
  • the herbicidal material in an amount of 0.5 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of calcium aluminate and gypsum, (14) the herbicidal material further comprising fibers (1) to (13) Material, (15) the content of fiber is calcium aluminate and gypsum Cover the ground with (14) herbicides (14) and (16) (1)-(15), which are 0.05 to 5 parts by mass for a total of 100 parts by mass, and spray water over them. How to use herbicides.
  • (17) A method of using a herbicidal material, wherein the herbicidal material according to any one of (1) to (15) is kneaded with water and spread on the ground to cover the ground.
  • the method for using the herbicidal material according to (16) or (17), wherein the amount of water used is 5 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the herbicidal material.
  • the herbicidal material of the present invention has a short curing time, high initial strength development, excellent initial frost damage and crack resistance, and has a sufficient herbicidal effect.
  • the labor of mowing can be reduced, and the sustainability and environmental conservation of the weeding can be ensured.
  • the calcium aluminate used in the present invention is mainly composed of CaO and Al 2 O 3 obtained by mixing a calcia raw material and an alumina raw material and firing the kiln or melting and cooling in an electric furnace. It is a general term for substances having hydration activity, and can be used either crystalline or amorphous. It is a material with a fast curing time and high initial strength development.
  • a typical example of calcium aluminate is alumina cement, and a commercially available product can be usually used. For example, alumina cement 1 and alumina cement 2 can be used. Of these, amorphous calcium aluminate that is hardened in a shorter time than alumina cement and has a high initial strength after that is rapidly cooled after melting.
  • the molar ratio of CaO to Al 2 O 3 (CaO / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio) is preferably 1.0 to 3.0, and more preferably 1.7 to 2.5.
  • the molar ratio is 1.0 to 1.7, it is possible to shorten the setting time and increase the initial strength by adding cement, slaked lime and quicklime.
  • the impurity contained in the calcium aluminate is preferably 15% by mass or less from the viewpoint of initial strength development, and more preferably 10% by mass or less.
  • the impurities refer to substances other than CaO and Al 2 O 3 .
  • Typical examples of impurities include silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, and sulfur oxide.
  • metal halides, alkali metal sulfates, alkaline earth metal sulfates and the like in which CaO or Al 2 O 3 is partially substituted or dissolved However, it is not limited to these.
  • the vitrification rate of the calcium aluminate used in the present invention is preferably 70% or more, more preferably 90% or more in terms of reaction activity. If the vitrification rate is less than 70%, the initial strength development may be lowered.
  • the vitrification rate of calcium aluminate is preferably 70% or more, more preferably 90% or more in terms of reaction activity.
  • the vitrification rate is determined by measuring the main peak area S of the crystal mineral in advance by powder X-ray diffractometry for the measurement sample, heating at 1000 ° C. for 2 hours, and then slowly cooling at a cooling rate of (1 to 10 ° C.) / Min.
  • the particle size of the calcium aluminate, in terms of initial strength development is preferably more than Blaine specific surface area 3000cm 2 / g, 5000cm 2 / g or more is more preferable. If it is less than 3000 cm 2 / g, the curing time becomes long and the initial strength development may be lowered.
  • the cement used in the present invention is usually a variety of Portland cements, such as early strength, very early strength, low heat or moderate heat, mixed cements such as blast furnace slag, fly ash and silica fume mixed with these cements, urban Examples include environmentally friendly cement (eco-cement) manufactured from waste incineration ash and sewage sludge incineration ash, and commercially available fine particle cement.
  • environmentally friendly cement eco-cement
  • the cement does not include alumina cement which means calcium aluminate.
  • cements can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • blast furnace cement is preferable because of its low hexavalent chromium content.
  • the amount used is preferably 100 to 40000 parts by mass, more preferably 20 to 1000 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of calcium aluminate. If the amount used is less than 100 parts by mass, working time may not be obtained, and early curing that exceeds 40000 parts by mass may not be obtained.
  • gypsum used in the present invention hemihydrate gypsum or anhydrous gypsum can be used.
  • Anhydrous gypsum is preferable in terms of strength development, and hydrofluoric acid byproduct anhydrous gypsum and natural anhydrous gypsum can be used.
  • the pH when the gypsum is immersed in water is preferably from a weak alkali having a pH of 8 or less to acidic. When the pH is high, the solubility of the gypsum component becomes high, which may inhibit the initial strength development.
  • the particle size of the gypsum preferably 3000 cm 2 / g or more in Blaine specific surface area value, from the viewpoint of the 5000 cm 2 / g or higher initial strength development, the proper work time is obtained.
  • the specific surface area value is usually 30000 cm 2 / g or less, and preferably 20000 cm 2 / g or less from the viewpoint of obtaining an appropriate working time.
  • the amount of gypsum used (containing) is preferably 50 to 250 parts by mass and more preferably 70 to 200 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of calcium aluminate. When the amount used is less than 50 parts by mass, working time cannot be obtained, and strength development may be reduced. On the other hand, if it exceeds 250 parts by mass, sufficient working time can be taken, but initial strength may not be obtained.
  • the shrinkage reducing agent used in the present invention prevents the unreacted moisture from escaping and suppresses the drying shrinkage of cement hydrate.
  • the main components are roughly classified into lower alcohol alkylene oxide adducts, alcohols. Glycol-based, glycol ether / amino alcohol derivative-based, polyether-based, low molecular weight alkylene oxide copolymer systems and the like are preferable.
  • As the shrinkage reducing agent one kind or a mixture of two or more kinds can be used, and either a liquid form or a powder form can be used.
  • the shrinkage reducing agent may be kneaded in advance with the herbicidal material before water is applied, or may be sprinkled with water mixed with water sprayed on the herbicidal material spread on the ground. Furthermore, it may be added when kneading the herbicidal material and water, or it may be spread on the surface after the herbicidal material has reacted with water and hardened, and its method of use is not particularly limited.
  • shrinkage reducing agents commercially available products can be used. Typical examples include SK Guard manufactured by Denka, Hibigad and Shrink Guard manufactured by Floric, Hibidan manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd., and Taiheiyo Cement. Examples include “Tetragard”.
  • the amount of the shrinkage reducing agent used is preferably 0.5 to 20 parts by mass, and more preferably 0.7 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of calcium aluminate and gypsum or 100 parts by mass of cement. If the amount used is less than 0.5 parts by mass, the effect of suppressing cracking may be low, and if it exceeds 20 parts by mass, the strength may not be obtained.
  • the fibers used in the present invention improve crack resistance.
  • the fibers include polymer fibers such as vinylon fibers, propylene fibers, and nylon fibers, metal fibers such as steel fibers, glass fibers, and steel fibers, or inorganic fibers typified by carbon fibers.
  • vinylon fiber, propylene fiber, and nylon fiber are preferable.
  • the amount of fibers used is preferably 0.05 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.08 to 2.0 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of calcium aluminate and gypsum or 100 parts by weight of cement.
  • the length of the fiber is preferably 15 mm or less, and more preferably 10 mm or less from the viewpoint of the beauty of the iron finish surface.
  • calcium silicate can be used for the purpose of enhancing the long-term strength of the herbicidal material.
  • Calcium silicate has a 3CaO ⁇ SiO 2 or 3CaO ⁇ 2SiO 2 and 2CaO ⁇ SiO 2 and CaO ⁇ SiO 2, these things any crystalline phase can be used, may be mixed these two or more, in particular It is not limited. Since ⁇ -2CaO ⁇ SiO 2 reduces carbonation shrinkage caused by absorption of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, crack resistance is improved and is most preferable.
  • ⁇ -2CaO ⁇ SiO 2 is known as a low temperature phase and is different from ⁇ -2CaO ⁇ SiO 2 and ⁇ -2CaO ⁇ SiO 2 which are high temperature phases. These are both 2CaO ⁇ SiO 2 and have the same chemical composition, but their crystal structures are different.
  • 2CaO ⁇ SiO 2 present in the cement clinker is ⁇ -2CaO ⁇ SiO 2 .
  • ⁇ -2CaO ⁇ SiO 2 has hydraulic properties
  • ⁇ -2CaO ⁇ SiO 2 does not have hydraulic properties, but the present inventors have found that it has the property of absorbing and curing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. .
  • Particle size of the calcium silicate used in the present invention preferably 3000 cm 2 / g or more in Blaine specific surface area value, more preferably 4,000 ⁇ 8,000cm 2 / g.
  • Blaine specific surface area value is less than 3,000 cm 2 / g, carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is absorbed and the reaction is not sufficient, and crack resistance may not be sufficiently obtained. Even if it exceeds 8,000 cm 2 / g, further enhancement of the effect cannot be expected.
  • the amount of calcium silicate used is preferably 10 to 60 parts by mass and more preferably 20 to 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of calcium aluminate and gypsum in total. If it is less than 10 parts by mass, the effect of suppressing cracking may be low. If it exceeds 60 parts by mass, further enhancement of the effect cannot be expected.
  • the soil (also referred to as soil) used in the present invention includes one or more of gravel, sand, gravel, and clay, and is not particularly limited.
  • Sandy soil such as mountain sand, river sand, sea sand, silty soil, clayey soil, residual soil generated from construction, lightweight aggregate, recycled aggregate, volcanic ash and slag aggregate, etc. Any of them can be used, such as using the soil of the place as it is.
  • natural sand, red sand, red swamp, kanuma earth, and dry sand are more preferable because of their stable quality.
  • the amount of soil used is usually preferably 100 to 1000 parts by weight and more preferably 200 to 800 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of calcium aluminate and gypsum or 100 parts by weight of cement.
  • the amount is preferably 200 to 700 parts by mass. If the amount used is less than 100 parts by mass, the strength development is high but economically unpreferable, and if it exceeds 1000 parts by mass, the strength is low, the initial frost damage property is inferior, and there is a possibility of being dented.
  • the setting modifier is not particularly limited as long as it accelerates or delays the setting of the cement.
  • alkali hydroxide, alkali metal chloride salt, alkali metal carbonate, oxycarboxylic acid or salt thereof, phosphoric acid or salt thereof, dextrin, sucrose, polyacrylic acid or salt thereof, water reducing agent, high performance One or more water reducing agents can be used.
  • solidified materials having a low pH such as magnesium oxide, bulking agents such as wood chips, rubber chips, rice husks, various portland cements, calcium hydroxide, calcium chloride, fine limestone powder, fly Adhesive materials such as ash, kaolin, shirasu, diatomaceous earth, silica fume, foaming agents, antifoaming agents, thickeners, rust preventives, antifreeze agents, water reducing agents, fluidizing agents, polymers, clay minerals such as bentonite, hydrotalcite It is possible to use 1 type (s) or 2 or more types, such as anion exchangers, coloring agents, etc. in the range which does not inhibit substantially the objective of this invention.
  • each component material in the herbicidal material of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the respective materials may be mixed at the time of construction, or a part or all of them may be mixed in advance. .
  • the soil is preferably dry.
  • the soil of the place which performs a herbicidal treatment can also be used as it is.
  • the amount of water used in the herbicidal material of the present invention is preferably 5 to 100 parts by mass, more preferably 7 to 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the herbicidal material of the present invention.
  • each component material mixing apparatus an existing apparatus can be used.
  • a tilting cylinder mixer, an omni mixer, a two-axis forced mixer, a Henschel mixer, a V-type mixer, and a Nauta mixer can be used.
  • the weeds on the ground are mowed to a size of preferably about 1 cm or less, more preferably 0.5 cm or less with a mower or the like, and the weeds are spread after removing the cut weeds.
  • a method of spraying and covering the ground with weeds and a method of spraying a mixed herbicide on the ground where weeds are growing. More preferably, the weeds on the ground are mowed and then a herbicide is sprayed thereon before covering.
  • the method is to spread the herbicidal material over the ground and sprinkle the water with a watering device or the like.
  • the thickness of the spread is preferably 1 to 5 cm, and more preferably 2 to 4 cm. If the thickness is less than 1 cm, it becomes difficult to cover the entire ground surface, so that the herbicidal effect may be reduced. If it exceeds 5 cm, the material cost is high, but the material cost is high. It is not preferable.
  • the herbicidal material of the present invention When the herbicidal material of the present invention is laid on the ground that has not been soiled or on the ground that is not mowing, and mixed and stirred with the soil on the ground, it is mixed and stirred using a machine such as a backhoe or a stabilizer. It is possible. In this case, it is possible to obtain a hard ground by further rolling after mixing and stirring.
  • Example 1 100 parts by mass of calcium aluminate shown in Table 1 was mixed with 100 parts by mass of gypsum, and the setting time, compressive strength, and initial frost damage were measured. 500 parts by mass of soil is added to 100 parts by mass of calcium aluminate and gypsum shown in Table 1, and 0.3 liter of sodium citrate is used as a coagulation adjusting agent for a total of 100 parts by mass of calcium aluminate, gypsum and soil. A herbicidal material was prepared by adding parts by mass. After laying this herbicidal material on the formwork, 15 parts by mass of water was sprayed on a total of 100 parts by mass of calcium aluminate, gypsum and soil to prepare a test specimen. The results are also shown in Table 1.
  • ⁇ Materials used> -Calcium aluminate By changing the CaO / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio of calcium carbonate and aluminum oxide, adding silica, melting at 1650 ° C and quenching, vitrification rate 97%, Blaine specific surface area value 5000 cm 2 A calcium aluminate having an impurity of silica was prepared.
  • Alumina cement Alumina cement No.
  • ⁇ Measurement method> -Curing time: The time when it does not dent even if it pushes the kneaded herbicide with a finger was measured.
  • -Compressive strength The uniaxial compressive strength produced the 4x4x16cm test piece according to JISR5201 in the environment of 20 degreeC and 60% of relative humidity. The strength of the material was measured for 6 hours and 28 days, and the curing method was an air drying curing under an environment of 20 ° C. and a relative humidity of 60%.
  • -Initial frost damage resistance After preparing a specimen by the same method as the compressive strength in an environment of 20 ° C and a relative humidity of 60%, the specimen was immediately cured in a -10 ° C environment until the age of 7 days. Then, after air drying and curing in an environment of 20 ° C. and 60% relative humidity until the age of 28 days, the strength was measured, and the strength of the strength relative to the 28-day strength value that was always mixed and cured in an environment of 20 ° C. The percentage (%) was calculated. Furthermore, the presence or absence of cracks on the surface of the specimen was confirmed. -PH: After preparing a specimen in an environment of 20 ° C.
  • the specimen at the age of 28 days was pulverized and the supernatant stirred for 30 minutes with 100 times pure water The pH of the liquid was measured.
  • -Hexavalent chromium elution amount After preparing a specimen in an environment of 20 ° C and a relative humidity of 60% by the same method as the compressive strength, the specimen at the age of 7 days was measured based on the Environmental Agency Notification No. 46 method .
  • the herbicidal material of the present invention has a short curing time, high initial strength development, excellent initial frost damage resistance, low pH and hexavalent chromium elution, and excellent environmental impact.
  • Example 2 Using the calcium aluminate of Experiment No. 1-4 of Experimental Example 1, changing the ratio of calcium aluminate and gypsum at the ratios shown in Table 2, and with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of calcium aluminate and gypsum, This was performed in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that the ratio was changed. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • the herbicidal material of the present invention has a short curing time, high initial strength, and excellent initial frost damage resistance.
  • Example 3 For the herbicidal material of Experiment No. 1-4 of Experimental Example 1, the shrinkage reducing agents A and B, fibers, and calcium silicates A, B, and C described below were mixed in the proportions shown in Table 3, and the dry shrinkage ( Measurement of length change rate), a herbicidal test, and a crack test were performed. For comparison, the same test was performed on the mortar (experiment No. 1-8) and the magnesia-based solidified material (experiment No. 1-9) using the ordinary cement used in Experimental Example 1. The results are also shown in Table 3.
  • Shrinkage reducing agent A copolymer of low molecular weight ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, manufactured by Denka Co., Ltd., trade name SKGard
  • Shrinkage reducing agent B polyoxyalkylene derivative, powder, manufactured by NOF Corporation, trade name: DSP- E40 " -Fiber: Vinylon fiber, fiber length 6 mm, fiber diameter 0.027 mm, convergence type-Calcium silicate A: 3 Calcium carbonate of 3CaO.SiO 2 reagent and 1 mol of silicon dioxide are mixed and pulverized, and then fired in an electric furnace. Synthesized. Blaine specific surface area value 1800 cm 2 / g.
  • Calcium silicate B After mixing and grinding 2 mol of calcium carbonate and 1 mol of silicon dioxide of ⁇ -2CaO ⁇ SiO 2 reagent, they were synthesized by firing in an electric furnace. Blaine specific surface area value 1800 cm 2 / g. Calcium silicate C: 2 mol of calcium carbonate and 1 mol of silicon dioxide as ⁇ -2CaO ⁇ SiO 2 reagent were mixed and ground, then fired in an electric furnace and synthesized. Blaine specific surface area value 1800 cm 2 / g. ⁇ Water: Tap water ⁇ Soil: Pure sand from Aichi Prefecture, 5mm sieve
  • the herbicidal material of the present invention is less cracked, has less turf, and has an excellent herbicidal effect.
  • the herbicidal material of the present invention when used in combination with a shrinkage reducing agent, fiber, and calcium silicate, reduces the amount of shrinkage, suppresses cracking, and suppresses turf.
  • a shrinkage reducing agent, fiber, and calcium silicate reduces the amount of shrinkage, suppresses cracking, and suppresses turf.
  • mortar and magnesia-based solidified material have large shrinkage, many cracks, and a lot of turf.
  • the herbicidal material of the present invention is less cracked and less grassy and has an excellent herbicidal effect even when a kneaded mixture is laid.
  • Example 5 A herbicidal material was prepared by adding 15 parts by mass of calcium aluminate shown in Table 5, 15 parts by mass of gypsum, 0.5 parts by mass of a coagulation modifier, and 600 parts by mass of soil with respect to 100 parts by mass of cement. After laying this herbicidal material on the mold, 20 parts by mass of water was sprayed on 100 parts by mass of cement to prepare a test specimen. The curing time, compressive strength, and initial frost damage were measured. For comparison, mortar and magnesia-based solidified material using ordinary cement were prepared.
  • the blending of mortar is (one company) laying dry mortar with 3/1 mass ratio of standard sand made by Cement Association and ordinary Portland cement on the formwork, and water so that the water / cement ratio is 50% by mass.
  • a herbicide was prepared by watering.
  • the magnesia-based solidified material is a mixture of 500 parts by mass of soil mixed with 500 parts by mass of commercially available magnesium oxide obtained by firing Chinese magnesium, and 20 parts by mass of water is sprinkled to form a herbicide. Prepared. The results are also shown in Table 5.
  • ⁇ Materials used> -Calcium aluminate Change the CaO / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio of calcium carbonate and aluminum oxide, add silica, melt at 1650 ° C, quench rapidly to a vitrification rate of 97%, and grind the Blaine specific surface area value It was set to 5000 cm 2 / g.
  • the impurity was silica and adjusted by changing its content.
  • ⁇ Measurement method> -Curing time The time when the mixed herbicidal material was not depressed even when pressed with a finger was measured.
  • ⁇ Compressive strength Uniaxial compressive strength conforms to the uniaxial compression test method of the stable treatment mixture in the environment of temperature 20 °C and relative humidity 60% (Pavement Test Method Handbook, Japan Road Association). A 127 mm cylindrical shape was prepared, and the specimens were divided into three layers, and each layer was struck with 25 sticks. The strength was measured 6 hours and 28 days after the specimen preparation. The curing method was an air-dried curing under an environment of 20 ° C. and a relative humidity of 60%.
  • -Initial frost damage resistance Kneaded in the same manner as the compressive strength in an environment of 20 ° C and relative humidity of 60%. After preparing a specimen, it was immediately cured in a -10 ° C environment until the age of 7 days. Then, after the material was air-dried in an environment of 20 ° C. and 60% relative humidity until the age of 28 days, the strength was measured, and the strength relative to the 28-day strength value that was constantly mixed and cured in an environment of 20 ° C. The percentage (%) was calculated. Furthermore, the presence or absence of cracks on the surface of the specimen was confirmed.
  • the herbicidal material of the present invention has a short curing time, high initial strength, and excellent initial frost damage resistance.
  • Example 6 As shown in Table 6, the same test as in Experimental Example 5 was performed except that the proportion of calcium aluminate and gypsum was changed with respect to 100 parts by mass of cement, and the proportion of soil was changed with respect to 100 parts by mass of cement. Carried out. The results are also shown in Table 6.
  • Calcium aluminate CaO / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio 2.2, vitrification rate 97%, Blaine specific surface area value 5000 cm 2
  • the herbicidal material of the present invention has a short curing time, high initial strength, and excellent initial frost damage resistance.
  • Example 7 For the herbicidal material of Experiment No. 1-4 in Experimental Example 5, the shrinkage reducing agents A and B and fibers described below are mixed in the proportions shown in Table 7, and the amount of drying shrinkage (length change rate) is measured. A grass / crack test was conducted. For comparison, the same test was performed on the mortar (experiment No. 1-8) and the magnesia-based solidified material (experiment No. 1-9) using the ordinary cement used in Experimental Example 5. The results are also shown in Table 7.
  • Calcium aluminate CaO / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio 2.2, vitrification rate 97%, Blaine specific surface area value 5000 cm 2 ⁇ Shrinkage reducing agent A: copolymer of low molecular weight ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, manufactured by Denka Co., Ltd., trade name: escagard / shrinkage reducing agent B: polyoxyalkylene derivative, powder, commercial product, manufactured by Nippon Oil & Fats Co., Ltd.
  • DSP-E40 Vinylon fiber, fiber length 6mm, fiber diameter 0.027mm, convergence type, commercial product ⁇ Soil: Aichi prefecture pure sand, 5mm sieve, Nagano prefecture dried river sand, 1.2mm sieve
  • the herbicidal material of the present invention is less cracked, has less turf, and has an excellent herbicidal effect. Further, it can be seen that when the herbicidal material of the present invention is used in combination with a shrinkage reducing agent and fibers, the amount of shrinkage is small, cracks are suppressed, and turf can be suppressed. On the other hand, it can be seen that mortar and magnesia-based solidified material have large shrinkage, many cracks, and a lot of turf.
  • Example 8 For each of the herbicidal materials of Experiment No. 3-5, No. 3-6, and No. 3-7 in Experimental Example 7, the total of cement, calcium aluminate, gypsum, setting modifier, shrinkage reducing agent, fiber, and soil The test was conducted in the same manner as in Experimental Example 7 except that 20 parts by mass of water was added to an omni mixer instead of watering with respect to 100 parts by mass, and the kneaded mixture was laid on a formwork or a foundation surface (Experiment No. 4). -1, No. 4-2, No. 4-3). For comparison, the mortar (experiment No. 1-8) using the ordinary cement used in Experimental Example 5 and the magnesia-based solidified material (Experiment No. 1-9) were also used with the water amount used in Experimental Example 5, respectively. The experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Experimental Example 7 except that the kneaded mixture was laid on the formwork or foundation surface instead of watering. The results are also shown in Table 8.
  • the herbicidal material of the present invention is less cracked and less grassy and has an excellent herbicidal effect even when a kneaded mixture is laid.
  • the herbicidal material of the present invention and the method of using the same have the effect of reducing the labor of mowing and ensuring the sustainability of the weeding, so that the river bank, the shore of the field, the railway, the road, etc. Growth of weeds such as the slope of embankment can be suppressed. Further, the herbicidal material of the present invention has a low elution pH and a low elution amount of hexavalent chromium, and therefore has a low impact on the environment.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Protection Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne : un matériau herbicide qui présente un temps de durcissement court et d'excellentes propriétés de développement de résistance initiale, qui peut conférer une résistance contre la détérioration et la fissuration initiales par le gel, qui peut réduire le travail nécessaire pour la tonte et qui assure un effet herbicide persistant et la protection de l'environnement ; et un procédé d'utilisation du matériau herbicide. Le matériau herbicide comprend de l'aluminate de calcium et du sol. De préférence, le matériau herbicide comprend aussi du ciment, il comprend aussi du gypse, il comprend de plus un agent ou des fibres de réduction de contraction, et il comprend aussi du silicate de calcium. De préférence, l'aluminate de calcium du matériau herbicide contient un rapport molaire CaO/Al2O3 de 1,0 à 3,0 et contient une teneur massique d'impuretés inférieure ou égale à 15 %. Le procédé d'utilisation du matériau herbicide consiste à appliquer le matériau herbicide sur le sol et à pulvériser de l'eau dessus pour recouvrir ainsi le sol, ou à malaxer le matériau herbicide avec de l'eau puis à l'appliquer sur le sol pour recouvrir ainsi le sol.
PCT/JP2016/086604 2015-12-09 2016-12-08 Matériau herbicide et procédé d'utilisation de celui-ci WO2017099188A1 (fr)

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JP2020156449A (ja) * 2019-03-28 2020-10-01 デンカ株式会社 土壌保護シート、土壌保護法、及び防草材

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JP7269773B2 (ja) 2019-03-28 2023-05-09 デンカ株式会社 土壌保護シート、土壌保護法、及び防草材

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