WO2017054476A1 - 车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置 - Google Patents

车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017054476A1
WO2017054476A1 PCT/CN2016/083263 CN2016083263W WO2017054476A1 WO 2017054476 A1 WO2017054476 A1 WO 2017054476A1 CN 2016083263 W CN2016083263 W CN 2016083263W WO 2017054476 A1 WO2017054476 A1 WO 2017054476A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
support
bracket
spring
vertical
assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/083263
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈凯
刘辉
赵海
Original Assignee
青岛思锐科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 青岛思锐科技有限公司 filed Critical 青岛思锐科技有限公司
Priority to JP2017526050A priority Critical patent/JP6340144B2/ja
Priority to US15/528,749 priority patent/US9902408B2/en
Priority to RU2017118513A priority patent/RU2639849C1/ru
Priority to EP16850101.3A priority patent/EP3196094B1/en
Publication of WO2017054476A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017054476A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G9/00—Draw-gear
    • B61G9/04—Draw-gear combined with buffing appliances
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G7/00—Details or accessories
    • B61G7/10—Mounting of the couplings on the vehicle
    • B61G7/12—Adjustable coupling bars, e.g. for centralisation purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G9/00—Draw-gear
    • B61G9/20—Details; Accessories
    • B61G9/22—Supporting framework, e.g. cradles; Spring housings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicles, and in particular to a vertical support device for a coupler spring.
  • the coupler buffer device is one of the basic components of railway vehicles, which plays a role in quickly connecting and disassembling railway vehicles, transmitting train traction, ensuring train operation safety, and improving vehicle comfort performance.
  • the level of the coupler needs to be kept within a certain range, so that the two vehicles to be reconnected can smoothly carry the hooks.
  • the automatic coupler is often equipped with a vertical support device.
  • the vertical support device is generally located under the coupler damper housing, and an elastic member such as a rubber block or a spring box is disposed to apply an upward lifting force to the damper housing, thereby ensuring that the coupler maintains the level and the coupler does not bow.
  • the vertical support in the form of a rubber block is generally fixed under the coupler by the bracket, and the amount of compression between the coupler buffer shell and the bracket is adjusted by the bolt and the lock nut, thereby changing the lifting force value and realizing the coupler level. Height adjustment.
  • This vertical support has the disadvantage of occupying a large space under the vehicle, and the rubber block has a problem of creep aging and a short service life.
  • the vertical support of the spring also occupies more space under the car, and generally the vertical support of the spring does not have the function of adjusting the support force value. Although it plays a certain supporting role, the height adjustment cannot be performed when the coupler sag.
  • the prior art discloses a support unit of a close-coupled vertical support device for a close-coupled hook.
  • the base is fixedly connected by a fastening bolt to a bracket on the mounting seat, and the coupler bumper is pressed against the spring box.
  • the whole buffer can be rotated a certain angle in the vertical direction under the action of external force, and the original position can be restored under the action of its own structure after the external force is removed.
  • the adjusting bolt is loaded and tightened. can.
  • the above-mentioned coupler bumper can adjust the vertical angle of the buffer, but when the vertical angle is adjusted, the distance between the round nut and the base is adjusted, that is, the vertical force value cannot be adjusted, and the vertical adjustment is The angle and distance are limited by the height of the coupler. Meanwhile, when the above or conventional vertical support structure is used, in addition to the vertical support structure, a centering bracket is additionally provided to clamp the coupler bumper casing to ensure that the vertical support structure swings with the swing of the coupler.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is: a vertical support device for a coupler spring, which is mounted on two sides of a damper housing at the rear end of the coupler, and a relative position of the damper housing is provided with a supporting device mounting member, the coupler spring
  • the vertical support device comprises a support table, a bracket, a support rod, a support spring, a wear sleeve and a lock nut; the support spring is sleeved on the support rod, the upper end of the support spring is placed on the lower surface of the support table, and the lower end of the support spring is abutted on the support
  • the upper end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support platform, and the bottom end of the support rod passes through the bracket and is screwed to the lock nut through the wear sleeve;
  • the support platform includes a support platform vertical plate and a support platform horizontal plate, and supports The lower surface of the horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support rod; the support vertical
  • the supporting device mounting member is an annular wing plate, the wing plate is horizontally installed, and the wing plate adopts a semi-enclosed structure, the middle portion of the wing plate is a hollow structure, and the hollow structure is used for mounting the support table, and the wing plate will support The table is clamped to the coupler damper housing.
  • the lower surface of the support table horizontal plate abuts against the upper end surface of the support spring, and the upper surface of the support table horizontal plate abuts against the lower surface of the wing plate.
  • the assembly I, the support rod, the support rod, the support spring, the wear sleeve and the lock nut are combined in the aforementioned connection relationship to form the assembly I, the assembly I has two sets, and the two supports in the assembly I The rods pass through the brackets respectively and the two sets of assemblies I are respectively disposed at both ends of the bracket.
  • the bracket comprises a bracket I, an intermediate bracket and a bracket II.
  • the bracket 1 and the bracket II have the same structure, and are referred to as a sub-bracket, and the two are symmetric about the intermediate bracket; one end of the sub-bracket is connected with the intermediate bracket, and the sub-bracket is connected to the intermediate bracket.
  • the other end is a cantilever end, a bracket guiding hole is arranged at the cantilever end, and the assembly I is disposed at the cantilever end through the bracket guiding hole; the supporting rod in the assembly I is connected to the locking nut through the bracket guiding hole; the assembly I is two sets Also about the middle bracket is symmetrical.
  • the intermediate bracket is provided with a mounting hole for mounting the hook spring vertical supporting device on the buffer, in particular, the bracket is mounted on the hook hook pin of the buffer through the mounting hole.
  • the output force value of the support spring is greater than the force value required for the leveling of the coupler.
  • a reinforcing rib is arranged between the supporting platform vertical plate and the horizontal plate of the supporting platform, and two reinforcing ribs are provided, and two reinforcing ribs are vertically fixed at two ends of the horizontal plate of the supporting platform, and the reinforcing rib is a right-angled trapezoidal structure.
  • the right angle waist of the right angle trapezoidal structure is fixed with the support stand vertical plate, and the lower bottom of the right angle trapezoidal structure is fixed with the horizontal plate of the support table.
  • the coupler spring vertical support means can serve as a separate component of the damper, with the damper thereof
  • the components are connected, such as a damper housing, a support mounting member disposed on the damper housing, and a coupler hook pin.
  • a vertical support device for a coupler spring comprises a support table, a support, a support rod, a support spring and a lock nut; the support spring is sleeved on the support rod, and the upper end of the support spring is placed on the lower surface of the support base, and the lower end of the support spring is abutted
  • the upper end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support base, and the bottom end of the support rod passes through the bracket and is screwed with the lock nut;
  • the support base includes a support stand vertical plate and a support table horizontal plate, and the support base
  • the lower surface of the horizontal plate is fixedly connected with the upper end of the support rod, and the support vertical plate is vertically fixed to one side of the horizontal plate of the support table; wherein the support table, the support rod, the support spring and the lock nut form the assembly by the above connection relationship II
  • the assembly member II has two sets, and two support rods of the assembly member II respectively pass through the brackets and are respectively disposed at
  • the hook spring vertical supporting device further comprises a wear sleeve, wherein the bottom end of the support rod passes through the bracket and is screwed to the lock nut through the wear sleeve; the setting of the wear sleeve can effectively reduce the gap between the bracket and the lock nut Wear and tear.
  • the wear sleeve and the assembly II are combined in the above relationship to obtain the assembly I, and the assembly I has two sets.
  • a wear plate is disposed outside the support stand for reducing friction between the support stand and the damper housing.
  • the bracket comprises a bracket I, an intermediate bracket and a bracket II.
  • the bracket 1 and the bracket II have the same structure, and are referred to as a sub-bracket, and the two are symmetric about the intermediate bracket; one end of the sub-bracket is connected with the intermediate bracket, and the sub-bracket is connected to the intermediate bracket.
  • the other end is a cantilever end, a bracket guiding hole is arranged at the cantilever end, and the assembly I or the assembly II is arranged through the bracket guiding hole at the cantilever end; the supporting rod in the assembly I or the assembly II passes through the bracket guiding hole and the locking nut Connection; assembly I or assembly II is two sets, also symmetrical about the intermediate support.
  • the intermediate bracket is provided with a mounting hole for mounting the coupler spring vertical supporting device on the damper housing in use, in particular, the bracket is mounted on the bottom end of the coupler hook tail pin through the mounting hole.
  • the output force value of the support spring is greater than the force value required for the leveling of the coupler.
  • a reinforcing rib is disposed between the support table vertical plate and the support table horizontal plate.
  • the hook spring vertical support device can be used as part of the bumper to connect with other components of the bumper when in use; the bumper at this time can be viewed as a bumper with a hook spring vertical support, including a bumper housing , two supporting device mounting parts, a hook hook pin and a hook spring vertical supporting device;
  • the hook spring vertical supporting device comprises a support table, a bracket, a support rod, a support spring and a lock nut;
  • the support spring is sleeved on the support rod, and the upper end of the support spring is supported on the lower surface of the support platform, and supports The lower end of the spring abuts against the upper end of the bracket;
  • the upper end of the support rod is fixed to the lower surface of the support base, and the bottom end of the support rod passes through the bracket and the lock nut
  • the support platform comprises a support stand vertical plate and a support table horizontal plate, the lower surface of the support table horizontal plate is fixedly connected with the upper end of the support rod, and the support stand vertical plate is vertically fixed to one side of the horizontal plate of the support table;
  • the support table, the support rod, the support spring and the lock nut form the assembly II through the above relationship, the assembly II has two sets, and the two support rods of the assembly II respectively pass through the bracket and are respectively disposed at the two ends of the bracket, the combination The
  • the two supporting device mounting members are respectively disposed at two sides of the damper housing, the supporting device mounting member has a hollow structure; the supporting pedestal plate is embedded in the hollow structure of the supporting device mounting member from the bottom portion, and supports the standing plate Attached to the surface of the damper housing; the bracket is coupled to the bottom end of the yoke hook pin to secure the entire yoke spring vertical support to the damper.
  • the hook spring vertical supporting device further comprises a wear sleeve, wherein the bottom end of the support rod passes through the bracket and is screwed to the lock nut through the wear sleeve; the setting of the wear sleeve can effectively reduce the gap between the bracket and the lock nut Wear and tear.
  • the wear sleeve and the assembly II are combined in the above relationship to obtain the assembly I, and the assembly I has two sets.
  • a wear plate is disposed outside the support stand or outside the damper housing, and the wear plate is located at a contact between the support stand and the damper housing for reducing friction between the two.
  • the bracket comprises a bracket I, an intermediate bracket and a bracket II.
  • the bracket 1 and the bracket II have the same structure, and are referred to as a sub-bracket, and the two are symmetric about the intermediate bracket; one end of the sub-bracket is connected with the intermediate bracket, and the sub-bracket is connected to the intermediate bracket.
  • the other end is a cantilever end, a bracket guiding hole is arranged at the cantilever end, and the assembly I or the assembly II is arranged through the bracket guiding hole at the cantilever end; the supporting rod in the assembly I or the assembly II passes through the bracket guiding hole and the locking nut Connection; assembly I or assembly II is two sets, also symmetrical about the intermediate support.
  • the intermediate bracket is provided with a mounting hole for mounting the hook spring vertical supporting device on the damper housing, in particular, the bracket is mounted on the bottom end of the coupler hook tail pin through the mounting hole.
  • the output force value of the support spring is greater than the force value required for the leveling of the coupler.
  • a reinforcing rib is disposed between the support table vertical plate and the support table horizontal plate.
  • the supporting device mounting member and the support table of the present invention play the role of the clamping mechanism while transmitting the vertical supporting force, that is, the supporting table and the supporting device mounting member doublely ensure that the bracket and the supporting spring swing with the coupler. swing:
  • the function of the support table is that the support plate horizontal plate is provided with supporting members, especially the wing plates, to provide a vertical supporting force, and at the same time, the support bar vertical plate distributed on both sides of the coupler clamps the coupler bumper to rotate with the coupler. Combining the vertical support structure and the clamping structure into one;
  • the function of the supporting device mounting component is that the supporting device mounting component not only bears the vertical supporting force, but also supports the vertical supporting plate on both sides to ensure that the vertical supporting mechanism rotates with the coupler to play the role of secondary clamping;
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of the vertical support device and the bumper of the coupler spring
  • Figure 2 is a combination view of the vertical support device of the coupler spring and the buffer
  • Figure 3 is a side view of the vertical support device and the bumper of the coupler spring
  • Figure 4 is a single view of the vertical support device of the coupler spring
  • Figure 5 is a top perspective view of the support table
  • Figure 6 is a bottom perspective view of the support table
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the support spring
  • 1 damper housing 1 damper housing; 2 wing plate; 3 support table; 4 bracket; 5 support rod; 6 support spring; 7 wear sleeve; 8 lock nut; 9 bracket center axis; 10 coupler hook tail pin; 42 intermediate bracket; 43 bracket II; 44 bracket guiding hole; 45 mounting hole; 31 supporting table vertical plate; 32 supporting table horizontal plate; 33 reinforcing rib.
  • a vertical support device for a coupler spring is disposed at two sides of the damper housing 1 at the rear end of the coupler, and the opposite positions of the damper housing 1 are provided with an annular wing plate 2,
  • the wing plate 2 As the force receiving portion of the vertical supporting force, the wing plate 2 is horizontally installed, and the wing plate 2 adopts a semi-enclosed structure, the middle portion of the wing plate 2 is a hollow structure, the hollow structure is used for mounting the support table 3, and the support table is supported by the wing plate 2.
  • the hook spring vertical support device is mounted on the two side flaps 2 of the damper housing 1, and the vertical support means on each side comprises a support table 3, a bracket 4, a support rod 5, a support spring 6, a wear sleeve 7 and Lock nut 8.
  • the upper end of the support rod 5 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support table 3.
  • the bottom end of the support rod 5 is provided with a threaded structure.
  • the support spring 6 is mounted between the upper end and the lower end of the support rod 5, and the lower end of the support rod 5 passes through the bracket 4. Connected to the lock nut 8.
  • this embodiment further includes the following technical features;
  • the support piece, the support rod, the support spring, the wear sleeve and the lock nut are combined according to the relationship in the first embodiment to form the assembly I, and the assembly I has two sets, which are respectively mounted on the bracket 4 .
  • the bracket 4 includes a bracket I41, an intermediate bracket 42 and a bracket II43, wherein the assembly I provided on the bracket I41 in Fig. 1 is blocked by the damper housing 1, which is not shown in Fig.
  • the bracket 4 is horizontally mounted, in the middle
  • the bracket 42 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the hook hook pin 10 to bear the supporting force; one end of the bracket I41 and one end of the bracket II43 are respectively fixedly connected with the intermediate bracket 42, and the bracket I41 and the bracket II43 are symmetrically arranged, which can be regarded as
  • the intermediate bracket 42 has a bracket center axis 9 which is symmetrical about the bracket center axis 9; the two sets of the assembly I on the bracket 4 are also symmetrical about the bracket center axis 9, so the following description is based on the components on the bracket II43.
  • the connection relationship with other components on the bracket I41 is symmetrical with the other components on the bracket II43.
  • bracket II43 One end of the bracket II43 is fixedly connected to the intermediate bracket 42, and the other end of the bracket II43 is a cantilever end, and a bracket guiding hole 44 is provided.
  • the supporting rod 5 is connected to the lock nut 8 through the bracket guiding hole 44; the lower part of the supporting spring 6 The end surface is in contact with the upper surface of the bracket II43.
  • the support table 3 is overlapped with the wing plate 2 for transmitting the vertical force; as shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 5 to FIG. 7 , the structure of the support table 3 includes the support stand plate 31 and the support table horizontal plate 32 , and the support table horizontal plate 32 The lower surface is fixedly coupled to the upper end of the support rod 5, and the support riser 31 is vertically fixed to the side of the support table horizontal plate 32 adjacent to the damper housing 1, and the support stand vertical plate 31 and the support table horizontal plate 32 are disposed between Reinforcement 33.
  • the support table vertical plate 31 is embedded in the hollow structure of the annular wing 2 from the bottom and is fitted to the surface of the damper housing 1.
  • a supporting plate vertical plate movable gap is provided between the supporting table vertical plate 31 and the hollow structure of the wing plate 2.
  • a wear plate (not shown) is provided at the contact of the support stand 31 with the damper housing 1.
  • the support table horizontal plate 32 is for receiving the vertical supporting force of the support spring 6, and the lower surface of the support table horizontal plate 32 is opposed to the upper end surface of the support spring 6, and the upper surface of the support table horizontal plate 32 is opposed to the lower surface of the wing plate 2. That is, the support table horizontal plate 32 is in close contact with and offset from the upper end surface of the support spring 6, and the lower surface of the flap 2.
  • the assembly process of the vertical support device of the coupler is:
  • the support spring 6 is sleeved on the support rod 5, the upper end of the support spring 6 is placed on the lower surface of the support table 3, and the lower end of the support spring 6 abuts against the upper end of the bracket 4.
  • the support rod 5 is passed through the bracket II guide hole 44 in the middle of the bracket II43, the bottom end of the support rod 5 is sleeved with the wear sleeve 7, and the lock nut 8 is screwed on the threaded structure at the bottom end of the support rod 5, that is, the support rod 5 and the support table 3 Fix the support spring 6 to the bracket 4.
  • the intermediate bracket 42 is sleeved on the bottom end of the coupler hook pin 10, and the support riser 31 is respectively inserted into the hollow structure of the flap 2 on both sides of the damper housing 1, and the bracket 4 is used by the hook pin nut The bottom end of the hook hook pin 10 is fixed.
  • the compression amount of the support spring 6 is controlled and adjusted by the lock nut 8 and the support rod 5 with a thread structure, that is, the vertical support force of the vertical support device is controlled, and Adjusting the vertical supporting force while maintaining the clamping state with the coupler damper housing 1 to ensure that the vertical supporting device does not swing with the coupler during the adjusting process, thereby completing the adjustment of the horizontal height of the coupler, and the specific adjustment process as follows:
  • the damper housing 1 pushes the support stand 31 through the wear plate, so that the vertical support device as a whole rotates with the coupler, which is surrounded by the flap 2 on the other side of the damper housing 1
  • the supporting platform vertical plate 31 assists in pushing the vertical supporting device to rotate with the hook, and plays a double pushing role to ensure that the vertical supporting device rotates synchronously with the coupler.
  • the support spring 8 is always in a compressed state within the height adjustable range of the support spring 8, and within the height adjustable range of the support spring 8, the output force value of the support spring 8 is always greater than The coupler leveling the required force value, and then adjusting the height of the support spring 8 to adjust the height of the coupler.
  • the support table 3 is distributed on both sides of the damper housing 1, and the damper housing 1 is clamped by the wear plate attached to the support table vertical plate 31, and the vertical support device is synchronously oscillated when the coupler swings.
  • the damper housing surrounds the support pedestal 31 through the wing 2 provided, it is ensured that the movable space of the support slab 31 is always located in the hollow structure of the wing 2 without the need of a special centering bracket. Further ensuring that the vertical support structure swings as the coupler swings.
  • the support table 3 and the wing plate 2 adopt a plug-in connection mode, that is, the contact connection between the two, the support table 3 not only plays the role of supporting the support force, but also ensures that the support spring 6 is not skewed during the rotation of the coupler, ensuring the support The vertical support of the spring 6.
  • a vertical support device for a coupler spring as shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 , comprising a support table 3 , a bracket 4 , and a support rod 5.
  • the upper end is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support table 3, and the bottom end of the support rod 5 passes through the bracket 4 and is screwed with the lock nut 8;
  • the support table 3 includes a support riser 31 and a support table horizontal plate 32, and the support base
  • the lower surface of the horizontal plate 32 is fixedly coupled to the upper end of the support rod 5, and the support vertical plate 31 is vertically fixed to one side of the support table horizontal plate 32; wherein the support table 3, the support rod 5, the support spring 6, and the lock nut 8
  • a vertical support device for a coupler spring includes a support table 3, a bracket 4, a support rod 5, a support spring 6, a wear sleeve 7 and a lock nut 8; and a support spring 6 is sleeved on the support rod 5, the upper end of the support spring 6 is placed on the lower surface of the support table 3, the lower end of the support spring 6 abuts against the upper end of the bracket 4; the bracket 4 is provided with a bracket guide hole 44, and the upper end of the support rod 5 and the lower surface of the support base 3 are fixed.
  • the support table 3 includes a supporting table vertical plate 31 and a support table horizontal plate 32, and the support table The lower surface of the horizontal plate 32 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support rod 5, and the support vertical plate 31 is vertically fixed to one side of the support table horizontal plate 32; wherein the support table 3, the support rod 5, the support spring 6, the wear sleeve 7 and The lock nut 8 forms the assembly 1 by the above relationship, the assembly I has two sets, and the two support rods 5 of the assembly I respectively pass through the bracket 4 and are respectively disposed at two ends of the bracket 4, two of the assembly I The arrangement positions of the support table vertical plates 31 are located inside the two support table horizontal plates 32, respectively.
  • the bracket has a symmetrical structure, and includes a bracket I41, an intermediate bracket 42 and a bracket II43.
  • the middle portion of the intermediate bracket 42 can be seen as having a bracket center axis 9.
  • the bracket I41 and the bracket II43 have the same structure, and are called sub-brackets.
  • the central axis 9 is symmetrical; one end of the sub-bracket is connected to the intermediate bracket 42, the other end of the sub-bracket is a cantilever end, a bracket guiding hole 44 is arranged at the cantilever end, and the assembly I is disposed at the cantilever end through the bracket guiding hole 44; After the support rod passes through the bracket guiding hole 44, it is connected to the lock nut through the wear sleeve 7 at the lower end.
  • a damper with a hook spring vertical support device comprising a damper housing 1, two support device mounting members, a coupler hook pin 10 and a coupler spring vertical support device;
  • the two supporting device mounting members are respectively disposed at two sides of the damper housing 1 so that the yoke spring vertical supporting device is mounted on both sides of the coupler rear end damper housing 1, and the supporting device mounting member has a hollow structure ;
  • the vertical structure of the coupler spring is the same as that of Embodiment 3 or Embodiment 4;
  • the support riser 31 is embedded in the hollow structure of the support device mounting member from the bottom, and the support riser 31 is attached to the surface of the damper case 1, and the support stand plate 31 is provided with wear at the contact with the damper case 1 Board (not shown).
  • a damper with a hook spring vertical support device comprising a damper housing 1, two support device mounting members, a coupler hook pin 10 and a coupler spring vertical support device;
  • the two supporting device mounting members are annular flaps 2 respectively disposed on both sides of the damper housing 1 so that the hook spring vertical supporting device is mounted on both sides of the coupler rear end damper housing 1, the flap 2 Horizontally mounted as a force receiving portion of the vertical supporting force, and the wing plate 2 adopts a semi-enclosed structure, the middle portion of the wing plate 2 is a hollow structure, and the hollow structure is used for mounting the support table 3.
  • the vertical structure of the coupler spring is the same as that of Embodiment 3 or Embodiment 4;
  • the support riser 31 is embedded in the hollow structure of the wing 2 from the bottom, and the support riser 31 is attached to the surface of the damper case 1, and the wear plate is provided on the support stand 31 at the contact with the damper case 1 ( Not shown in the figure).
  • the support table 3 is clamped to the coupler bumper housing 1 by the flap 2, ensuring that the vertical support device is always centered and not in the vehicle with respect to the coupler bumper housing 1 during the adjustment of the vertical force.
  • the hook swings and swings.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Agricultural Machines (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置，包括支撑台（3）、支架（4）、支撑杆（5）、支撑弹簧（6）、磨耗套（7）和锁紧螺母（8）；支撑弹簧（6）套在支撑杆（5）上，支撑弹簧（6）的上端顶在支撑台（3）的下表面，支撑弹簧（6）的下端抵在支架（4）上端；支撑杆（5）的上端与支撑台（3）的下表面固连，支撑杆（5）的底端穿过支架（4）后通过磨耗套（7）与锁紧螺母（8）螺纹连接；支撑台（3）包括支撑台立板（31）和支撑台水平板（32），支撑台水平板（32）的下表面与支撑杆（5）的上端固连，支撑台立板（31）垂向固定于支撑台水平板（32）靠近缓冲器壳体（1）一侧。

Description

车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置 技术领域
本发明涉及轨道车辆技术领域，具体的说，涉及一种车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置。
背景技术
车钩缓冲装置是铁道车辆基本零部件之一，起到快速连接和分解铁道车辆、传递列车牵引力、保障列车运行安全、改善车辆舒适性能等作用。
为了方便待重联车辆进行车钩连挂，车钩水平高度需要保持在一定范围内，以便待重联的两个车辆顺利进行车钩连挂。为保证车钩水平高度，避免钩头下垂影响车钩连挂，自动车钩常配备有垂向支撑装置。
垂向支撑装置一般位于车钩缓冲器壳体下方，通过配置橡胶块或者弹簧盒等弹性元件，对缓冲器壳体施加向上的托举力，从而起到保证车钩保持水平高度、车钩不低头的作用。其中，橡胶块形式的垂向支撑一般通过支架固定在车钩下方，通过螺栓和锁紧螺母调节橡胶块在车钩缓冲器壳体和支架之间的压缩量，从而改变托举力值，实现车钩水平高度的调节。这种垂向支撑存在占用车下空间大的缺点，且橡胶块存在蠕变老化的问题，使用寿命较短。弹簧垂向支撑同样占用较多车下空间，且一般弹簧垂向支撑不具备调整支撑力值的功能，虽然起到了一定的支撑作用，但当车钩出现下垂时无法再进行高度调节。
现有技术(CN201890238U)公开了一种密接式车钩垂向支撑装置的支撑单元，具体公开如下特征：底座由紧固螺栓与安装座上的支架固定连接，车钩缓冲器压在弹簧盒上，车钩缓冲器整体在外力作用下可沿垂向转动一定角度，在外力去除后可在自身结构作用下恢复原有位置。当需要调整车钩缓冲器整体的垂向角度时，只需将调节螺栓卸下，并将圆螺母左旋或右旋一定的角度，当钩缓整体角度达到要求后再装入并紧固调节螺栓即可。即上述车钩缓冲器可实现缓冲器整体垂向角度的调节，但在实现垂向角度调节时，通过圆螺母相对于底座的距离实现调节，即无法实现垂向力值的调节，且垂向调节角度和距离受车钩高度等限制。同时，当使用上述或常规垂向支撑结构时，一般除了垂向支撑结构之外，还另外配有对中支架夹住车钩缓冲器壳体，保证垂向支撑结构随车钩摆动而摆动。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置，在实现垂向支撑力的同时起到夹紧作 用，节省车下空间，且实现车钩高度的实时调节。
本发明的技术方案是：一种车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置，安装于车钩后端缓冲器壳体的两侧，缓冲器壳体的两侧的相对位置设有支撑装置安装部件，所述车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置包括支撑台、支架、支撑杆、支撑弹簧、磨耗套和锁紧螺母；支撑弹簧套在支撑杆上，支撑弹簧的上端顶在支撑台的下表面，支撑弹簧的下端抵在支架上端；支撑杆的上端与支撑台的下表面固连，支撑杆的底端穿过支架后通过磨耗套与锁紧螺母螺纹连接；所述支撑台包括支撑台立板和支撑台水平板，支撑台水平板的下表面与支撑杆的上端固连；支撑台立板垂向固定于支撑台水平板靠近缓冲器壳体一侧，支撑台立板从底部嵌入支撑装置安装部件的中空结构中，且支撑台立板与缓冲器壳体表面贴合，支撑台立板与缓冲器壳体接触处设有磨耗板。
优选的是，所述支撑装置安装部件为环形的翼板，翼板水平安装，且翼板采用半包围结构，翼板的中部为中空结构，中空结构用于安装支撑台，通过翼板将支撑台与车钩缓冲器壳体夹紧。
优选的是，所述支撑台水平板的下表面与支撑弹簧的上端面相抵，支撑台水平板的上表面与翼板的下表面相抵。
优选的是，由支撑台、支撑杆、支撑弹簧、磨耗套和锁紧螺母按前述的连接关系进行组合后形成组合件Ⅰ，所述组合件Ⅰ共有两套，组合件Ⅰ中的两个支撑杆分别穿过支架且两套组合件Ⅰ分别设置在支架的两端。
优选的是，所述支架包括支架Ⅰ、中间支架和支架Ⅱ，支架Ⅰ和支架Ⅱ结构相同，均称为子支架，二者关于中间支架对称；子支架的一端与中间支架连接，子支架的另一端为悬臂端，悬臂端处设置支架导向孔，悬臂端处通过支架导向孔设置组合件Ⅰ；组合件Ⅰ中的支撑杆穿过支架导向孔与锁紧螺母连接；组合件Ⅰ为两套，也关于中间支架对称。
优选的是，所述中间支架上设置安装孔，用于将车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置安装在缓冲器上，具体地是将支架通过安装孔安装在缓冲器的车钩钩尾销上。
优选的是，所述支撑弹簧的输出力值大于车钩调平所需的力值。
优选的是，所述支撑台立板和支撑台水平板之间设有加强筋，加强筋共有2个，且2个加强筋垂直固定于支撑台水平板的两端，加强筋为直角梯形结构，直角梯形结构的直角腰与支撑台立板固定，直角梯形结构的下底与支撑台水平板固定。
在上述发明中，车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置可以作为缓冲器的一个独立部件，与缓冲器的其 他部件相连，如缓冲器壳体、设置在缓冲器壳体上的支撑装置安装部件、以及车钩钩尾销。
一种车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置，包括支撑台、支架、支撑杆、支撑弹簧和锁紧螺母；支撑弹簧套在支撑杆上，支撑弹簧的上端顶在支撑台的下表面，支撑弹簧的下端抵在支架上端；支撑杆的上端与支撑台的下表面固连，支撑杆的底端穿过支架后与锁紧螺母螺纹连接；所述支撑台包括支撑台立板和支撑台水平板，支撑台水平板的下表面与支撑杆的上端固连，支撑台立板垂向固定于支撑台水平板的一侧；其中支撑台、支撑杆、支撑弹簧和锁紧螺母通过上述连接关系形成组合件Ⅱ，组合件Ⅱ具有两套，组合件Ⅱ中的两个支撑杆分别穿过支架且分别设置在支架的两端，组合件Ⅱ中两个支撑台立板分别设置于两个支撑台水平板的内侧。
优选的是，所述车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置还包括磨耗套，支撑杆的底端穿过支架后通过磨耗套与锁紧螺母螺纹连接；磨耗套的设置可有效降低支架与锁紧螺母之间的磨损。其中磨耗套与组合件Ⅱ按上述关系组合得到组合件Ⅰ，组合件Ⅰ具有两套。
优选的是，所述支撑台立板外侧设置磨耗板，用于减少支撑台立板与缓冲器壳体间的摩擦。
优选的是，所述支架包括支架Ⅰ、中间支架和支架Ⅱ，支架Ⅰ和支架Ⅱ结构相同，均称为子支架，二者关于中间支架对称；子支架的一端与中间支架连接，子支架的另一端为悬臂端，悬臂端处设置支架导向孔，悬臂端处通过支架导向孔设置组合件Ⅰ或组合件Ⅱ；组合件Ⅰ或组合件Ⅱ中的支撑杆穿过支架导向孔与锁紧螺母连接；组合件Ⅰ或组合件Ⅱ为两套，也关于中间支架对称。
优选的是，所述中间支架上设置安装孔，用于在使用时将车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置安装在缓冲器壳体上，具体地是将支架通过安装孔安装在车钩钩尾销底端。
优选的是，所述支撑弹簧的输出力值大于车钩调平所需的力值。
优选的是，所述支撑台立板和支撑台水平板之间设有加强筋。
车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置在使用时，可作为缓冲器的一部分，与缓冲器的其他部件相连；此时的缓冲器可看做是带车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置的缓冲器，包括缓冲器壳体、两个支撑装置安装部件、车钩钩尾销和车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置；
跟前述相同，所述车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置，包括支撑台、支架、支撑杆、支撑弹簧和锁紧螺母；支撑弹簧套在支撑杆上，支撑弹簧的上端顶在支撑台的下表面，支撑弹簧的下端抵在支架上端；支撑杆的上端与支撑台的下表面固连，支撑杆的底端穿过支架后与锁紧螺母螺 纹连接；所述支撑台包括支撑台立板和支撑台水平板，支撑台水平板的下表面与支撑杆的上端固连，支撑台立板垂向固定于支撑台水平板的一侧；其中支撑台、支撑杆、支撑弹簧和锁紧螺母通过上述关系形成组合件Ⅱ，组合件Ⅱ具有两套，组合件Ⅱ中的两个支撑杆分别穿过支架且分别设置在支架的两端，组合件Ⅱ中两个支撑台立板的设置分别位于两个支撑台水平板的内侧；
所述两个支撑装置安装部件分别设置在缓冲器壳体的两侧，所述支撑装置安装部件具有中空结构；支撑台立板从底部嵌入支撑装置安装部件的中空结构中，且支撑台立板与缓冲器壳体表面贴合；支架与车钩钩尾销底端相连，将整个车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置固定在缓冲器上。
优选的是，所述车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置还包括磨耗套，支撑杆的底端穿过支架后通过磨耗套与锁紧螺母螺纹连接；磨耗套的设置可有效降低支架与锁紧螺母之间的磨损。其中磨耗套与组合件Ⅱ按上述关系组合得到组合件Ⅰ，组合件Ⅰ具有两套。
优选的是，所述支撑台立板外侧或者缓冲器壳体外侧设置磨耗板，磨耗板位于支撑台立板与缓冲器壳体接触处，用于减少二者间的摩擦。
优选的是，所述支架包括支架Ⅰ、中间支架和支架Ⅱ，支架Ⅰ和支架Ⅱ结构相同，均称为子支架，二者关于中间支架对称；子支架的一端与中间支架连接，子支架的另一端为悬臂端，悬臂端处设置支架导向孔，悬臂端处通过支架导向孔设置组合件Ⅰ或组合件Ⅱ；组合件Ⅰ或组合件Ⅱ中的支撑杆穿过支架导向孔与锁紧螺母连接；组合件Ⅰ或组合件Ⅱ为两套，也关于中间支架对称。
优选的是，所述中间支架上设置安装孔，用于将车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置安装在缓冲器壳体上，具体地是将支架通过安装孔安装在车钩钩尾销底端。
优选的是，所述支撑弹簧的输出力值大于车钩调平所需的力值。
优选的是，所述支撑台立板和支撑台水平板之间设有加强筋。
本发明与现有技术相比的有益效果为：
(1)本发明中的支撑装置安装部件与支撑台在传递垂向支撑力的同时起到了夹紧机构的效果，即支撑台与支撑装置安装部件双重保障了支架及支撑弹簧随车钩摆动而摆动：
支撑台的作用为：支撑台水平板通过支撑装置安装部件，尤其是翼板，提供垂向支撑力，同时通过分布在车钩两侧的支撑台立板夹住车钩缓冲器从而随车钩转动，将垂向支撑结构和夹紧结构合二为一；
支撑装置安装部件的作用为：支撑装置安装部件既承受了垂向支撑力，同时环抱住两侧的支撑台立板保证垂向支撑机构随车钩转动，起到二次夹紧的作用；
(2)支撑弹簧分布在缓冲器壳体的两侧，垂向力施加位置从车钩底部上移到车钩缓冲器两侧的支撑装置安装部件上，不再大量占用车钩下方的空间，从而有利于车体空间结构布局和设计，尤其是对于低地板车辆，且当车钩出现下垂时，亦不影响支撑装置的高度调节；
(3)支撑弹簧的压缩量通过支撑杆及锁紧螺母进行控制，通过支撑台支撑杆支架和锁紧螺母有效的控制了支撑弹簧的高度，在保证支撑弹簧垂向力值足以支撑车钩的前提下，确保车钩的水平位置实时可调节。
附图说明
图1为车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置与缓冲器的爆炸图；
图2为车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置与缓冲器的组合图；
图3为车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置与缓冲器的侧视图；
图4是车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置单体图；
图5为支撑台的俯视立体图；
图6为支撑台的仰视立体图；
图7为支撑弹簧结构示意图；
其中，1缓冲器壳体；2翼板；3支撑台；4支架；5支撑杆；6支撑弹簧；7磨耗套；8锁紧螺母；9支架中轴线；10车钩钩尾销；41支架Ⅰ；42中间支架；43支架Ⅱ；44支架导向孔；45安装孔；31支撑台立板；32支撑台水平板；33加强筋。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
实施例1
如图1-图3所示，一种车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置，位于车钩后端的缓冲器壳体1的两侧，缓冲器壳体1的两侧的相对位置设有环形的翼板2，作为垂向支撑力的受力部位，翼板2水平安装，且翼板2采用半包围结构，翼板2的中部为中空结构，中空结构用于安装支撑台3，通过翼板2将支撑台3与车钩缓冲器壳体1夹紧，确保在调节垂向力的过程中，该垂向支撑 装置相对于车钩缓冲器壳体1始终夹紧对中且不随车钩摆动而摆动。
所述车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置安装在缓冲器壳体1的两侧翼板2处，每侧的垂向支撑装置均包括支撑台3、支架4、支撑杆5、支撑弹簧6、磨耗套7和锁紧螺母8。
支撑杆5的上端与支撑台3的下表面固连，支撑杆5的底端设有螺纹结构，支撑弹簧6安装于支撑杆5的上端与下端之间，支撑杆5的下端穿过支架4与锁紧螺母8连接。
实施例2
基于实施例1，本实施例还包括以下技术特征；
如图1所示，由支撑台、支撑杆、支撑弹簧、磨耗套和锁紧螺母按实施例1中的关系进行组合后形成组合件Ⅰ，组合件Ⅰ共有两套，分别安装在支架4的两侧；支架4包括支架Ⅰ41、中间支架42和支架Ⅱ43，其中图1中支架Ⅰ41上设置的组合件Ⅰ被缓冲器壳体1挡住了，图1并没有示出；支架4水平安装，中间支架42与车钩钩尾销10的底端固连，起到承受支撑力的作用；支架Ⅰ41的一端和支架Ⅱ43的一端分别与中间支架42固连，支架Ⅰ41和支架Ⅱ43对称设置，可看做中间支架42处具有一条支架中轴线9，支架4关于支架中轴线9对称；支架4上的两套组合件Ⅰ也关于支架中轴线9对称，因此以下以支架Ⅱ43上的部件为例说明支架4与其他部件的连接关系，支架Ⅰ41上与其他部件的连接关系与支架Ⅱ43上的是对称的。前述支架Ⅱ43的一端与中间支架42固连，而支架Ⅱ43的另一端为悬臂端，设置有支架导向孔44，支撑杆5穿过支架导向孔44与锁紧螺母8连接；支撑弹簧6的下端面与支架Ⅱ43的上表面接触连接。
支撑台3与翼板2搭接，用于传递垂向力；如图1、图5-图7，支撑台3结构包括支撑台立板31和支撑台水平板32，支撑台水平板32的下表面与支撑杆5的上端固连，支撑台立板31垂向固定于支撑台水平板32靠近缓冲器壳体1一侧，且支撑台立板31和支撑台水平板32之间设有加强筋33。支撑台立板31从底部嵌入环形翼板2的中空结构中，且与缓冲器壳体1表面贴合。支撑台立板31与翼板2中空结构之间设有支撑台立板活动间隙。为避免支撑台立板31与缓冲器壳体1刚性接触，支撑台立板31与缓冲器壳体1接触处设有磨耗板(图中未示出)。支撑台水平板32用于承受支撑弹簧6的垂向支撑力，支撑台水平板32的下表面与支撑弹簧6的上端面相抵，支撑台水平板32的上表面与翼板2的下表面相抵，即支撑台水平板32与支撑弹簧6的上端面、翼板2的下表面紧密接触且相抵。
所述车钩垂向支撑装置的组装过程为：
将支撑弹簧6套在支撑杆5上，支撑弹簧6的上端顶在支撑台3的下表面，支撑弹簧6的下端抵在支架4上端。将支撑杆5穿过支架Ⅱ43中部的支架Ⅱ导向孔44，支撑杆5的底端套上磨耗套7，将锁紧螺母8拧在支撑杆5底端的螺纹结构，即支撑杆5与支撑台3将支撑弹簧6固定于支架4上。将中间支架42套在车钩钩尾销10的底端，将支撑台立板31分别插入至缓冲器壳体1两侧的翼板2的中空结构中，并采用钩尾销螺母将支架4与车钩钩尾销10底端进行固定。
所述车钩垂向支撑装置组装完成后，通过锁紧螺母8和带有螺纹结构的支撑杆5控制和调整支撑弹簧6的压缩量，即控制该垂向支撑装置的垂向支撑力，并在调节垂向支撑力的同时与车钩缓冲器壳体1始终保持夹紧状态，确保该垂向支撑装置在调节过程中，不随车钩摆动而摆动，进而完成车钩水平高度的调节，具体调节过程如下：
当车钩翘头时，向上旋紧锁紧螺母8，支撑弹簧6压缩量增大，支撑弹簧6长度变短，车钩自然下垂至水平位置；
当车钩低头时，向下旋松锁紧螺母8，支撑弹簧6压缩量减小，支撑弹簧6长度变长，由于支撑弹簧6的输出力值始终大于车钩调平所需的力值，此时支撑弹簧6的弹簧力将车钩推至水平位置；
当车钩摆头时，缓冲器壳体1通过磨耗板推动支撑台立板31，使得该垂向支撑装置整体随车钩转动，其而由于缓冲器壳体1另一侧的翼板2环抱着支撑台立板31，辅助推动该垂向支撑装置整体随车钩转动，起到双重推动的作用，确保该垂向支撑装置随车钩同步转动。
应说明，在上述具体调节过程中，在支撑弹簧8的高度可调范围内，支撑弹簧8一直处于压缩状态，且在支撑弹簧8高度可调范围内，确保支撑弹簧8的输出力值始终大于车钩调平所需的力值，进而通过调整支撑弹簧8压缩高度实现对车钩高度的调节。同时，支撑台3分布于缓冲器壳体1的两侧，通过附在支撑台立板31上的磨耗板夹住缓冲器壳体1，在车钩摆动时带动垂向支撑装置同步摆动。且由于缓冲器壳体通过设有的翼板2环抱住支撑台立板31，无需配置专门的对中支架，即可确保支撑台立板31的活动空间始终位于翼板2的中空结构中，进一步确保垂向支撑结构随车钩摆动而摆动。支撑台3与翼板2采用插入式连接方式，即两者之间接触连接，支撑台3不仅起到承受支撑力的作用，且在车钩转动过程中，始终保证支撑弹簧6不歪斜，确保支撑弹簧6的垂向支撑作用。
实施例3
一种车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置，如图1、图2和图4所示，包括支撑台3、支架4、支撑杆 5、支撑弹簧6和锁紧螺母8；支撑弹簧6套在支撑杆5上，支撑弹簧6的上端顶在支撑台3的下表面，支撑弹簧6的下端抵在支架4上端；支撑杆5的上端与支撑台3的下表面固连，支撑杆5的底端穿过支架4后与锁紧螺母8螺纹连接；所述支撑台3包括支撑台立板31和支撑台水平板32，支撑台水平板32的下表面与支撑杆5的上端固连，支撑台立板31垂向固定于支撑台水平板32的一侧；其中支撑台3、支撑杆5、支撑弹簧6和锁紧螺母8通过上述连接关系形成组合件Ⅱ，组合件Ⅱ具有两套，组合件Ⅱ中的两个支撑杆5分别穿过支架4且分别设置在支架4的两端，组合件Ⅱ中两个支撑台立板31的设置位置分别位于两个支撑台水平板32的内侧。
实施例4
一种车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置，如图1和图4所示，包括支撑台3、支架4、支撑杆5、支撑弹簧6、磨耗套7和锁紧螺母8；支撑弹簧6套在支撑杆5上，支撑弹簧6的上端顶在支撑台3的下表面，支撑弹簧6的下端抵在支架4上端；支架4上设置支架导向孔44，支撑杆5的上端与支撑台3的下表面固连，支撑杆5的底端穿过支架导向孔44后，在下端通过磨耗套7与锁紧螺母8螺纹连接；所述支撑台3包括支撑台立板31和支撑台水平板32，支撑台水平板32的下表面与支撑杆5的上端固连，支撑台立板31垂向固定于支撑台水平板32的一侧；其中支撑台3、支撑杆5、支撑弹簧6、磨耗套7和锁紧螺母8通过上述关系形成组合件Ⅰ，组合件Ⅰ具有两套，组合件Ⅰ中的两个支撑杆5分别穿过支架4且分别设置在支架4的两端，组合件Ⅰ中两个支撑台立板31的设置位置分别位于两个支撑台水平板32的内侧。
所述支架为对称结构，包括支架Ⅰ41、中间支架42和支架Ⅱ43，中间支架42中部可看做具有一条支架中轴线9，支架Ⅰ41和支架Ⅱ43结构相同，均称为子支架，二者关于支架中轴线9对称；子支架的一端与中间支架42连接，子支架的另一端为悬臂端，悬臂端处设置支架导向孔44，悬臂端处通过支架导向孔44设置组合件Ⅰ；组合件Ⅰ中的支撑杆穿过支架导向孔44后，在下端通过磨耗套7与锁紧螺母连接。
实施例5
一种带车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置的缓冲器，如图1-7所示，包括缓冲器壳体1、两个支撑装置安装部件、车钩钩尾销10和车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置；
所述两个支撑装置安装部件分别设置在缓冲器壳体1的两侧，以便车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置安装于车钩后端缓冲器壳体1的两侧，所述支撑装置安装部件具有中空结构；
所述车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置与实施例3或实施例4相同；
支撑台立板31从底部嵌入支撑装置安装部件的中空结构中，且支撑台立板31与缓冲器壳体1表面贴合，支撑台立板31上与缓冲器壳体1接触处设有磨耗板(图中未示出)。
实施例6
一种带车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置的缓冲器，如图1-7所示，包括缓冲器壳体1、两个支撑装置安装部件、车钩钩尾销10和车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置；
所述两个支撑装置安装部件为环形的翼板2，分别设置在缓冲器壳体1的两侧，以便车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置安装于车钩后端缓冲器壳体1的两侧，翼板2水平安装作为垂向支撑力的受力部位，且翼板2采用半包围结构，翼板2的中部为中空结构，中空结构用于安装支撑台3。
所述车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置与实施例3或实施例4相同；
支撑台立板31从底部嵌入翼板2的中空结构中，且支撑台立板31与缓冲器壳1表面贴合，支撑台立板31上与缓冲器壳体1接触处设有磨耗板(图中未示出)。通过翼板2将支撑台3与车钩缓冲器壳体1夹紧，确保在调节垂向力的过程中，该垂向支撑装置相对于车钩缓冲器壳体1始终夹紧对中且不随车钩摆动而摆动。
以上所述的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述，并非对本发明的范围进行限定，在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下，本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案作出的各种变形和改进，均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。

Claims (11)

  1. 车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置，其特征在于：安装于车钩后端缓冲器壳体的两侧，缓冲器壳体的两侧的相对位置设有支撑装置安装部件，所述车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置包括支撑台、支架、支撑杆、支撑弹簧、磨耗套和锁紧螺母；支撑弹簧套在支撑杆上，支撑弹簧的上端顶在支撑台的下表面，支撑弹簧的下端抵在支架上端；支撑杆的上端与支撑台的下表面固连，支撑杆的底端穿过支架后通过磨耗套与锁紧螺母螺纹连接；所述支撑台包括支撑台立板和支撑台水平板，支撑台水平板的下表面与支撑杆的上端固连，支撑台立板垂向固定于支撑台水平板靠近缓冲器壳体一侧，支撑台立板从底部嵌入支撑装置安装部件的中空结构中，且支撑台立板与缓冲器壳体表面贴合，支撑台立板与缓冲器壳体接触处设有磨耗板。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置，其特征在于：所述支撑装置安装部件为环形的翼板，翼板水平安装，且翼板采用半包围结构，翼板的中部为中空结构，中空结构用于安装支撑台，通过翼板将支撑台与车钩缓冲器壳体夹紧。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置，其特征在于：所述支撑台水平板的下表面与支撑弹簧的上端面相抵，支撑台水平板的上表面与翼板的下表面相抵。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置，其特征在于：由支撑台、支撑杆、支撑弹簧、磨耗套和锁紧螺母按所述的连接关系进行组合后形成组合件Ⅰ，所述组合件Ⅰ共有两套，组合件Ⅰ中的两个支撑杆分别穿过支架且两套组合件Ⅰ分别设置在支架的两端。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置，其特征在于：所述支架包括支架Ⅰ、中间支架和支架Ⅱ，支架Ⅰ和支架Ⅱ结构相同，均称为子支架，二者关于中间支架对称；子支架的一端与中间支架连接，子支架的另一端为悬臂端，悬臂端处设置支架导向孔，悬臂端处通过支架导向孔设置组合件Ⅰ；组合件Ⅰ中的支撑杆穿过支架导向孔与锁紧螺母连接；组合件Ⅰ为两套，关于中间支架对称。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置，其特征在于：所述支撑弹簧的输出力值大于车钩调平所需的力值。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置，其特征在于：所述支撑台立板和支撑台水平板之间设有加强筋，加强筋共有2个，且2个加强筋垂直固定于撑台水平板的两端，加强筋为直角梯形结构，直角梯形结构的直角腰与支撑台立板固定，直角梯形结构的下底与支撑台水平板固定。
  8. 一种车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置，其特征在于，包括支撑台、支架、支撑杆、支撑弹簧和锁紧螺母；支撑弹簧套在支撑杆上，支撑弹簧的上端顶在支撑台的下表面，支撑弹簧的下端抵在支架上端；支撑杆的上端与支撑台的下表面固连，支撑杆的底端穿过支架后与锁紧螺母螺纹连接；所述支撑台包括支撑台立板和支撑台水平板，支撑台水平板的下表面与支撑杆的上端固连，支撑台立板垂向固定于支撑台水平板的一侧；其中支撑台、支撑杆、支撑弹簧和锁紧螺母通过上述连接关系形成组合件Ⅱ，组合件Ⅱ具有两套，组合件Ⅱ中的两个支撑杆分别穿过支架且分别设置在支架的两端，组合件Ⅱ中两个支撑台立板分别设置于两个支撑台水平板的内侧。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置，其特征在于，还包括磨耗套，支撑杆的底端穿过支架后通过磨耗套与锁紧螺母螺纹连接，且磨耗套与组合件Ⅱ按前述连接关系组合得到组合件Ⅰ，组合件Ⅰ具有两套。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置，其特征在于，所述支架包括支架Ⅰ、中间支架和支架Ⅱ，支架Ⅰ和支架Ⅱ结构相同，均称为子支架，二者关于中间支架对称；子支架的一端与中间支架连接，子支架的另一端为悬臂端，悬臂端处设置支架导向孔，悬臂端处通过支架导向孔设置组合件Ⅰ或组合件Ⅱ；组合件Ⅰ或组合件Ⅱ中的支撑杆穿过支架导向孔与锁紧螺母连接；组合件Ⅰ或组合件Ⅱ为两套，关于中间支架对称。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的车钩弹簧垂向支撑装置，其特征在于，所述支撑台立板外侧设置磨耗板，所述中间支架上设置安装孔。
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