WO2016174696A1 - 脱硫スラグの再使用方法 - Google Patents
脱硫スラグの再使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016174696A1 WO2016174696A1 PCT/JP2015/002264 JP2015002264W WO2016174696A1 WO 2016174696 A1 WO2016174696 A1 WO 2016174696A1 JP 2015002264 W JP2015002264 W JP 2015002264W WO 2016174696 A1 WO2016174696 A1 WO 2016174696A1
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- Prior art keywords
- slag
- desulfurization
- container
- reuse
- lime
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising
Definitions
- the present invention uses desulfurization slag generated when desulfurizing hot metal in a hot metal container using a lime-based desulfurization agent in a mechanical stirring desulfurization apparatus, and reuses desulfurization slag as a reuse desulfurization agent in the desulfurization process. Regarding the method.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that desulfurization slag generated in a desulfurization process using a lime-based desulfurization agent is separated from hot metal and discharged from the hot metal container, and this desulfurization slag is placed on the hot metal in another hot metal container. There has been proposed a method in which desulfurization is performed by mechanically stirring the hot metal and the desulfurizing agent after charging as a part.
- a technique for selecting and reusing desulfurized slag has been proposed in order to achieve a higher desulfurization efficiency with less variation.
- Patent Document 2 only a high-temperature and granular desulfurization slag is selected from desulfurization slag stored in a slag recovery container, and the selected desulfurization slag is used as a reuse desulfurization agent (desulfurization treatment).
- a hot metal desulfurization method has been proposed in which an unused desulfurization agent that is not used in No. 1 is introduced into hot metal and mechanically stirred.
- Patent Document 3 discloses that when desulfurization slag generated by hot metal desulfurization treatment is reused in another hot metal desulfurization treatment as a part of a lime-based desulfurization agent, the slag composition of CaO / SiO 2 is in a mass ratio.
- a method of reusing desulfurized slag having a content of 2.5 or more, an Al 2 O 3 content of 10% by mass or less, and a sulfur content of 5.0% by mass or less as a desulfurization agent has been proposed.
- a method for reusing desulfurized slag includes desulfurizing hot metal in a hot metal storage container using at least a new lime-based desulfurization agent, and a plurality of slag storage containers.
- desulfurization slag generated by the desulfurization treatment is discharged and recovered from the hot metal storage container, and one or more of the plurality of slag storage containers in which the desulfurization slag is stored is selected for the reuse desulfurization agent.
- the desulfurization slag contained in the slag container selected for the reuse desulfurization agent is used as the reuse desulfurization agent in the subsequent desulfurization treatment of the hot metal, and any one or more of the slag container is reused.
- the retention time corresponding to each of the plurality of slag storage containers which is the elapsed time since the desulfurization slag was stored in each of the plurality of slag storage containers, and a plurality of Based on at least one of the lime use amounts corresponding to each of the plurality of slag containment vessels in the desulfurization process in which the desulfurization slag contained in each slag containment vessel is generated, the holding time is the first threshold value.
- the hot metal is mechanically stirred with a refractory stirrer, so that the lime-based desulfurizing agent and hot metal added to the bath surface of the hot metal are added. And reacting with desulfurization.
- desulfurized slag is reused as a desulfurizing agent in the mechanical stirring desulfurization method, the recovered desulfurized slag does not need to be pulverized and classified, so the desulfurized slag can be reused while the temperature of the desulfurized slag is high, and heat energy can be recovered. .
- the desulfurization processing facility of 1st Embodiment of this invention includes a hot metal desulfurization processing building 1, a slag containing container storage building 2, and a waste yard 3.
- the hot metal desulfurization processing building 1 is provided with a hot metal discharge site 11, a desulfurization slag charging site 12, a mechanical stirring desulfurization device 13, and a demetalization site 14.
- the hot metal discharge place 11 is a place where the hot metal is discharged from the topped car 4 that stores and transports the hot metal discharged from the blast furnace to the hot metal ladle 6 that is a hot metal storage container.
- the hot metal ladle 6 is placed on the hot metal ladle carriage 111, and when the hot metal ladle carriage 111 moves, it moves to the hot metal dispensing place 11 and receives hot metal dispensed from the topped car 4.
- the desulfurization slag charging place 12 is a place where an operation of adding the desulfurization slag S2 accommodated in the slag container 5 as the reuse desulfurization agent S1 to the molten iron accommodated in the hot metal ladle 6 is performed.
- the desulfurization slag S2 is added to the hot metal ladle 6 using a heavy machine 121 such as a back four.
- the mechanical stirring type desulfurization apparatus 13 is an apparatus for desulfurizing the hot metal M accommodated in the hot metal pan 6.
- the hot metal ladle 6 is placed on the hot metal ladle carriage 131, and the hot metal ladle truck 131 moves to the processing position of the mechanical stirring desulfurization device 13, and the contained hot metal M is stored.
- Desulfurized As shown in FIG. 2, the mechanical stirring desulfurization apparatus 13 includes a rotating shaft 132, a stirring body 133, and a hood 134.
- the rotary shaft 132 is a member that is held with the axial direction as the vertical direction in FIG.
- the stirrer 133 is a member made of refractory, also referred to as a stirring blade or an impeller, and is fixed to one end on the lower side of the rotating shaft 132.
- the hood 134 is a lid that covers the opening at the top of the hot metal ladle 6, and a rotating shaft 132 is provided through the center.
- the mechanical stirring desulfurization apparatus 13 includes a plurality of addition hoppers (not shown) and a charging chute.
- the plurality of addition hoppers of the mechanical stirring type desulfurization apparatus 13 are provided above the hood 134, and materials used for desulfurization processing such as a new desulfurization agent and an additive for desulfurization described later are accommodated therein.
- the material accommodated in the addition hopper is cut out in a necessary amount as necessary.
- the charging chute is a chute for adding the material cut out from the addition hopper into the hot metal ladle 6 through an opening (not shown) provided in the hood 134.
- the removal station 14 is a place where the process of discharging the desulfurization slag S2 from the hot metal ladle desulfurized by the mechanical stirring desulfurization apparatus 13 is performed.
- the removal field 14 as shown in FIG.2 (c), desulfurization slag S2 is scraped out and discharged
- the discharged desulfurized slag S2 is collected into a slag storage container 5 disposed below the hot metal ladle 6.
- the slag container 5 may be an iron slag pot or a ladle-type container with a refractory.
- the slag container storage building 2 can store therein a plurality of slag containers 5 containing the desulfurized slag S2.
- the slag container container building 2 is shown as a building different from the hot metal desulfurization building 1, but if there is room in the same building as the hot metal desulfurization processing building 1, You may provide the place which stores the several slag storage container 5 which accommodated desulfurization slag S2 in the same building.
- the waste yard 3 is a place for discharging and storing desulfurization slag S2 that is not used as the reuse desulfurization agent S1 among the desulfurization slag S2 accommodated in the slag storage container 5.
- the desulfurization slag S3 discharged to the waste yard 3 can be further transported to another process inside or outside the steelworks and used as a lime source.
- the handling of the hot metal ladle 6 such as movement and tilting is performed on a ceiling (not shown) provided in the hot metal desulfurization processing building 1.
- a crane is used for handling the slag container 5, a heavy machine (not shown) capable of transporting and tilting the slag container 5 is mainly used.
- the desulfurization processing method of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the reuse desulfurization agent S ⁇ b> 1 housed in the slag container 5 is added to the hot metal M housed in the hot metal pan 6 using a heavy machine 121.
- the reuse desulfurization agent S1 is desulfurization slag S2 generated by the desulfurization treatment, and details will be described later.
- the hot metal M is a hot metal discharged from a blast furnace, and is transferred in a hot metal transfer container such as the topped car 4 and discharged to the hot metal ladle 6 in the hot metal discharge place 11.
- the hot metal M may be subjected to a desiliconization process, a dephosphorization process, or the like before being dispensed.
- the desiliconization process is an oxidation refining process performed prior to the dephosphorization process, and is a process in which Si in the hot metal is mainly removed by adding an oxygen source such as oxygen gas or iron ore to the hot metal M. .
- the dephosphorization process is an oxidation refining process performed after the desiliconization process.
- An oxygen source such as oxygen gas or iron ore is added to the hot metal M, and a dephosphorization flux for absorbing the generated P 2 O 5.
- As a lime source is added, it is the process which mainly removes P in hot metal. That is, the hot metal M used for the desulfurization treatment may be any component.
- the hot metal M to be desulfurized by the mechanical stirring type desulfurization apparatus 13 is desulfurized in units of “charge” for every cup in the hot metal ladle 6.
- the rotating body 132 is lowered to immerse the stirring body 133 in the hot metal M.
- the processing position of the hot metal ladle 6 is a position where the position on the plane of the rotating shaft 132 is substantially the center of the hot metal ladle 6.
- the rotating shaft 132 is rotated to rotate the stirrer 133 and to increase the speed until a predetermined number of rotations is reached.
- the novel desulfurizing agent is a lime-based desulfurizing agent containing CaO, and there is no particular limitation on the content of CaO as long as it contains CaO and can desulfurize hot metal M.
- the new desulfurizing agent contains CaO or 50% by mass or more of CaO, and, if necessary, other components such as Al 2 O 3 , CaF 2 , MgO, SiO 2 and the like. The thing containing is used.
- As a CaO source of the novel desulfurizing agent quick lime (CaO) can be used.
- the particle size of the new desulfurizing agent is 1 mm or less or several mm or less.
- the reuse desulfurization agent S1 and the new desulfurization agent are entrained in the hot metal M stirred by the stirring body 133, so that the desulfurization reaction proceeds.
- the reuse desulfurization agent S1 and the new desulfurization agent are collectively referred to as a desulfurization agent.
- the desulfurizing agent added to the hot metal M becomes desulfurized slag S2 by reaction with the hot metal M or heat.
- the timing before and after the addition of the new desulfurization agent, or any period during the desulfurization treatment Is preferably added to the hot metal M.
- the desulfurization additive preferentially reacts with oxygen contained in the slag existing in or on the hot metal M to reduce the oxygen potential of the hot metal M and slag, thereby promoting the desulfurization reaction by the desulfurizing agent.
- Aluminum ash is mainly used as an additive for desulfurization. Aluminum ash is slag that is generally generated during the refining process of Al.
- Metal ash containing 10 to 50% by mass and Al 2 O 3 : 50 to 90% by mass contributes to the effect of promoting desulfurization and the cost of materials. It is preferable from the viewpoint. It is not necessary to add the desulfurization additive and the new desulfurization agent separately from different hoppers, and a premixed additive may be added. Furthermore, in order to obtain a high level of desulfurization efficiency, the ratio of the amount of lime in the new desulfurizing agent to be added and the amount of aluminum ash added, “lime / aluminum ash” is 4.0 or more and 5.0 or less. Thus, it is desirable to add a new desulfurizing agent and aluminum ash.
- the rotating operation of the stirring member 133 is continued until a predetermined processing time elapses. After a predetermined time has elapsed, the rotational speed of the stirring member 133 is decreased, and finally the rotation of the stirring member 133 is stopped. After the rotation of the stirrer 133 stops, the rotating shaft 132 and the stirrer 133 are raised to complete the desulfurization process of the hot metal M. At this time, the generated desulfurized slag S2 floats, covers the bath surface, and becomes stationary. After the desulfurization process is completed, as shown in FIG. 2 (c), the hot metal ladle 6 containing the hot metal M is transported to the hot metal removal site 14, and the desulfurized slag S2 is discharged from the inclined hot metal ladle 6 to obtain a slag container. Recover to 5.
- the desulfurized slag S2 is recovered from the molten iron pan 6 after the desulfurization treatment to the slag container 5 as described above (S100).
- the process shown in FIG. 3 is a process procedure for recovering the desulfurization slag S2 generated in the one-charge desulfurization process.
- the process of step S100 is repeatedly performed, so that the desulfurization slag S2 generated in the desulfurization process of the hot metal having a plurality of charges continuously processed by the mechanical stirring desulfurization apparatus 13 is converted into one slag container 5. May be recovered.
- the slag storage container 5 can store desulfurization slag S2 generated in the desulfurization process of the hot metal M having about 1 to 5 charges, more preferably 2 or 3 charges. Further, from the viewpoint of omitting the conveyance of the slag container 5 as much as possible, it is desirable to recover the desulfurized slag S2 for a plurality of charges as long as the capacity of the slag container 5 can be accommodated. If the capacity of the slag container 5 is small, the work such as transportation becomes complicated, and there is a risk of hindering smooth removal of the molten iron from the hot metal container and reuse of the desulfurized slag S2.
- the lime basic unit [kg / t] is the amount of lime in an additive such as a new desulfurizing agent or a reused desulfurizing agent S1 added per 1 ton of hot metal M in the desulfurization treatment of each charge. Calculated by equation (1).
- step S102 when the desulfurization slag S2 accommodated in the slag container 5 is generated by the desulfurization process with a plurality of charges, the lime basic unit with the smallest lime basic unit among the desulfurization processes with a plurality of charges, The slag container 5 is classified as a representative value.
- t shows hot metal ton (mass of hot metal M).
- A is the basic unit of lime [kg / t]
- x is the lime content of the new desulfurizing agent [% by mass]
- B is the amount of new desulfurizing agent added [kg]
- the substitution rate [%] of the used desulfurizing agent S1 is the addition amount [kg] of the reused desulfurizing agent S1
- D is the mass [t] of the hot metal M accommodated in the hot metal pan 6, respectively.
- the lime content x of the new desulfurizing agent is a value set in advance from the specifications and analysis values of the desulfurizing agent.
- the replacement rate y of the reusable desulfurizing agent S1 is a ratio indicating the lime content effective as the desulfurizing agent contained in the reusable desulfurizing agent S1, and the lime in the desulfurization process using the reusable desulfurizing agent S1 as a part of the desulfurizing agent. It is set in advance as a constant or function value from the performance record. Further, the replacement rate y of the reuse desulfurization agent S1 may be set to a different replacement rate for each slag container 5 depending on the classification of lime basic units described later.
- the holding time corresponding to the slag container 5 in which the desulfurized slag S2 is accommodated is an elapsed time since the desulfurized slag S2 is accommodated in the slag container 5, and the desulfurized slag S2 generated in the desulfurization process with a plurality of charges. Is stored as the elapsed time since the desulfurization slag S2 generated in the first charge desulfurization process is stored.
- a plurality of slag storage containers 5 in which the desulfurized slag S2 is stored are set to a first threshold value T for the holding time based on the holding time and the lime unit (lime usage) corresponding to each slag storage container.
- the second threshold value X i of a and lime intensity is divided into divided into three first segment to third segment.
- the first section, lime intensity second threshold value X i or more, and retention times in the slag container 5 to be less than the first threshold value T a is divided.
- the second section, lime intensity is less than a second threshold value X i, and the retention time is slag container 5 is divided to be less than the first threshold value T a.
- the third section, retention time slag container 5 is divided to a first threshold value T a exceeds.
- the first threshold value Ta is 72 hours
- the second threshold value X i is 7.0 kg / t of lime basic unit.
- step S104 a following segment is selected (S104).
- the first and second storage containers are selected from the first to third slag storage containers 5.
- any one or more of the slag storage containers 5 having a large lime unit is selected for the reuse desulfurization agent (S106). That is, when both the slag storage containers 5 of the first section and the second section are selected in step S104, any one or more from the slag storage containers 5 of the first section, which is a section having a large amount of lime basic unit, in step S106. Is selected for the reuse desulfurization agent.
- any one of the slag containers 5 in one of the sections selected in step S104 is selected in step S106.
- One or more are selected for the reuse desulfurization agent.
- step S106 when the slag storage container 5 for the reuse desulfurization agent is selected from the plurality of slag storage containers 5 belonging to the same section, the selected slag storage container 5 is of the same section as described above. Any of them may be used, but it is preferable that a material having a large amount of lime basic units or a material having a short retention time be selected with priority.
- step S108 the desulfurization slag S2 accommodated in the slag container 5 selected for the reuse desulfurization agent in step S106 is used as the reuse desulfurization agent S1 (S108).
- step S108 the slag container 5 selected in step S106 is transported to the desulfurization slag charging site 12. And the desulfurization slag S2 accommodated in the slag container 5 is added to the hot metal ladle 6 as the reuse desulfurization agent S1 by the above-described method using the heavy machinery 121.
- the desulfurization slag S2 used as the reuse desulfurization agent S1 As the desulfurization slag S2 used as the reuse desulfurization agent S1, the desulfurization slag S2 accommodated in the slag container 5 having a holding time of Ta or less and having a large amount of lime basic units is given priority. Selected and used. After all the desulfurization slag S2 accommodated in the slag storage container 5 selected for the reuse desulfurization agent is used as the reuse desulfurization agent S1, the empty slag storage container 5 is again subjected to the desulfurization hot metal. Used to recover the desulfurized slag S2 discharged from the pan 6.
- the slag storage container for the reused desulfurization agent is obtained from the plurality of slag storage containers 5 in which the desulfurization slag S2 is stored by the procedures of steps S102, S104 and S106 shown in FIG. 5 is newly selected.
- the CaO replacement rate is determined by setting, as the reference value, the value of the CaO replacement rate when the CaO replacement rate is the lowest among the reused desulfurization agents corresponding to each of the categories of the slag container. In addition, it is possible to reliably perform the desulfurization treatment below the target value and to effectively reduce the amount of the new desulfurizing agent used.
- the desulfurized slag S2 accommodated in the slag container 5 that has been in the third section has a longer holding time, and is not used for the desulfurization process. Reused as raw material for ore.
- the slag container 5 in the third section is selected for desulfurization slag discharge and is transported to the waste yard 3.
- desulfurization slag S2 accommodated in the conveyed slag accommodation container 5 is discharged
- the desulfurization slag S3 discharged to the waste yard 3 becomes a raw material for sintered ore as a lime source through a predetermined process such as cooling and classification.
- the desulfurization slag S3 also contains metallic iron, it can be effectively used as an iron source and heat source during the production of sintered ore.
- the holding time becomes longer, pulverization of the desulfurization slag S2 proceeds, and the desulfurization slag S2 used as the reuse desulfurization agent S1 is easily sucked into the exhaust equipment during the desulfurization treatment, so that the desulfurization efficiency decreases.
- the third segment holding time is longer than T a, since the tendency is large, it is desirable that in the first embodiment is not used as a reusable desulfurizing agent for desulfurization slag S2 of the third segment.
- the empty slag container 5 from which the desulfurized slag S2 has been discharged is repeatedly used in the process of step S100.
- the slag storage containers 5 since the number of slag storage containers 5 is limited, if there is no space in the slag storage containers 5, either one of the slag storage containers 5 is used to store the desulfurization slag S2 generated in the desulfurization process of the hot metal with a new charge.
- the desulfurized slag S ⁇ b> 2 is discharged from the slag container 5 to be emptied, and is transported to the removal station 14.
- the retention time is no slag container 5 of the third section of greater than T a may be a slug container 5 of the first section or second section, it is selected as the desulfurizing slag discharge, housing An operation of discharging the desulfurized slag S2 to the waste yard 3 is performed.
- the desulfurization processing facility of the second embodiment has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. That is, the desulfurization processing facility of the second embodiment includes the hot metal desulfurization processing building 1, the slag container container building 2, and the waste yard 3.
- the hot metal desulfurization processing building 1 is provided with a hot metal discharge site 11, a desulfurization slag charging site 12, a mechanical stirring desulfurization device 13, and a demetalization site 14.
- the desulfurization process of the hot metal M is performed using the desulfurization process method similar to 1st Embodiment shown in FIG.
- desulfurization slag S2 is collect
- the second threshold value X i is the lime intensity 7.0 kg / t.
- the slag storage containers 5 to 1 of the classification corresponding to the referenced lime unit Are selected for recovery of desulfurized slag. Furthermore, the slag storage container 5 selected for desulfurization slag recovery is prepared in the removal station 14 (S200).
- the operation in step S200 is performed before denitrification at the dehumidification site 14, and after the desulfurization process in the mechanical stirring desulfurization apparatus 13 is completed, or the lime basic unit in the desulfurization process is determined based on the hot metal conditions or the like. Done after being predicted.
- step S200 when preparing the slag container 5 classified according to the basic unit of lime in the removal field 14, it may be necessary to carry out the slag container 5 having a different classification from the removal field 14. is there. In this case, the slag container 5 carried out from the removal site 14 is carried to the slag container container building 2 and temporarily placed even when there is a sufficient capacity.
- step S200 the desulfurized slag S2 is recovered from the hot metal ladle 6 after the desulfurization treatment at the removal station 14 to the slag container 5 prepared in step S200 (S202).
- Step S202 is performed similarly to step S100.
- the processes of steps S200 to S202 are repeatedly performed, so that the multiple charge desulfurization slag S2 continuously processed in the mechanical stirring desulfurization apparatus 13 is divided into two types of slag storage containers 5 and collected. To do. Further, each slag container 5 collects as much desulfurized slag S2 as can be accommodated in charge units.
- the recovered desulfurization slag S2 is used as a reuse desulfurization agent S1 or a raw material for sintered ore, as in the first embodiment. That is, the desulfurization slag S2 is reused by performing the same processing as steps S102, S104, S106, and S108 shown in FIG.
- the lime basic unit of a desulfurization process it divides into two types of slag storage containers 5, and collect
- produces among the slag storage containers 5 in which desulfurization slag S2 was accommodated can be increased.
- the number of slag storage containers 5 is limited, there is no slag storage container 5 for storing the desulfurized slag S2 generated in the desulfurization process of the hot metal with a new charge. Even if it is the slag accommodating container 5 of the 1st division or the 2nd division, the operation
- the slag container 5 that has been emptied after all of the desulfurized slag S2 is used or discharged does not depend on the classification based on the lime unit corresponding to the desulfurized slag S2 that has been accommodated, and any of the above lime raw materials. You may use as the slag container 5 classified by the unit.
- step S102 a plurality of slag container 5, but was divided into two lime intensity by using the second threshold value X i
- the present invention is not limited to such an example.
- the threshold value X j (j is an integer of 1 or more) regarding the lime basic unit may be used in addition to the second threshold value X i
- the plurality of slag containing containers 5 may be divided into three or more lime basic unit sections.
- the desulfurization slag S2 accommodated in the slag container 5 having a large lime intensity unit among the three or more lime intensity units is preferentially used as the reuse desulfurization agent S1.
- the second threshold value X i is set to 7.0 kg / t
- the present invention is not limited to such an example.
- the second threshold value X i and the threshold value X j are the CaO substitution rate defined as the mass ratio of the amount of quicklime in the new desulfurization agent equivalent to the use amount of the desulfurization slag S2 used as the reuse desulfurization agent S1. And by referring to the relationship between the amount of lime used in the desulfurization treatment in which the desulfurized slag S2 is generated, the CaO substitution rate becomes higher when the amount of lime used is greater than or equal to these threshold values. It can be set appropriately.
- the amount of quicklime in the new desulfurization agent equivalent to the amount of desulfurization slag S2 used is the desulfurization of hot metal before and after the desulfurization treatment when a predetermined amount of desulfurization slag S2 is used in combination with the new desulfurization agent. It can be derived by comparing the rate and the desulfurization rate of the hot metal before and after the desulfurization treatment when the amount of use is changed using only a new desulfurizing agent.
- the relationship between the CaO substitution rate and the amount of lime used in the desulfurization process in which the desulfurized slag S2 is produced is affected by the desulfurization process conditions such as the composition of the additive, the hot metal temperature, and the target value of the S concentration of the hot metal after the desulfurization process. It is possible to receive. Therefore, the second threshold value X i and the threshold value X j are preferably adjusted as appropriate according to the conditions of the desulfurization treatment, and are preferably set to values in the range of 5 kg / t or more and 10 kg / t or less. Is done.
- step S102 a plurality of slag container 5, but was divided into two lime intensity using a first threshold value T a
- the present invention is not limited to such an example.
- the plurality of slag containers 5 having a holding time equal to or less than the first threshold value Ta may be further divided into a plurality of sections using the third threshold value Tj .
- the third threshold value T j is shorter than the first threshold value T a, by adding one or more thresholds for further retention time, to add the indicator relating to the retention time of the slag container 5 Also good.
- the slag container 5 having a short holding time may be preferentially selected.
- step S106 although the division
- the first threshold value Ta is 72 hours
- the third threshold value Tj is set to 48 hours, and the plurality of slag containers 5 are divided into five sections, ie, the first to fifth sections. It may be divided.
- lime basic unit is 7.0 kg / t or more and retention time is 48 hours or less.
- the lime basic unit is 7.0 kg / t or more and the retention time is more than 48 hours and 72 hours or less.
- the basic unit of lime is less than 7.0 kg / t and the retention time is 48 hours or less.
- the lime basic unit is less than 7.0 kg / t and the retention time is more than 48 hours and not more than 72 hours.
- the fifth category has a retention time of over 72 hours.
- the slag storage container 5 for the reuse desulfurization agent is selected in the order of the first division, the second division, the third division, and the fourth division, and the desulfurization slag S2 accommodated therein is reused. Used as desulfurization agent S1.
- 1st threshold value Ta was 72 hours, this invention is not limited to this example.
- the first threshold value T a by the retention time becomes longer, to investigate the value of retention time desired for the desulfurization efficiency can not be obtained by powdering can be appropriately set based on this.
- the CaO substitution rate of the reused desulfurizing agent S1 is increased and the amount of the reused desulfurizing agent S1 is increased. It is desirable to increase. Sets a first threshold value T a to an appropriate value, by holding time is selected for reuse desulfurizing agent only slug container of T a following segment, the CaO substitution rate of reuse desulfurizing agent S1 Although it can be in an appropriate range, it is desirable not to reduce the target amount of desulfurized slag S2 that can be reused.
- the total amount of re-use desulfurizing agent S1 It is preferable to adjust. Further, it is preferable to adjust the average usage amount of the reuse desulfurizing agent S1 in the range of 50 parts by mass to 150 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the average usage amount of the new desulfurizing agent.
- the plurality of slag storage containers 5 are divided into a plurality of sections according to the holding time and the conditions of the lime unit, and the slag storage containers 5 are used for the reuse desulfurization agent according to the priority order of each section.
- the desulfurization slag S2 selected and accommodated therein is used in the subsequent desulfurization treatment, but the present invention is not limited to such an example.
- one of the plurality of slag containers 5 is based on the retention time of the desulfurized slag S2 accommodated in the slag container 5 and / or the lime basic unit. Two or more slag containers 5 may be selected for the reuse desulfurization agent.
- the holding time is the first threshold value T a following slug container 5 and lime consumption rate of at least one slag container 5 of the second threshold value X i or more slag container 5, for re-use desulfurizing agent As a priority.
- this invention is in this example. It is not limited.
- the desulfurization slag S3 discharged to the waste yard 3 may be used for a raw material of cement clinker other than the raw material of sintered ore.
- the slag container 5 prepared in the removal station 14 may be replaced according to the lime unit of the desulfurization process.
- the replacement of the slag container 5 is performed between the removal station 14 and the slag container container building 2 using a heavy machine or the like, but the present invention is not limited to such an example.
- an unillustrated switching device that has a turntable or the like and can replace at least two slag containing containers 5 may be provided in the hot metal desulfurization building 1.
- a plurality of classified slag storage containers 5 are prepared in the vicinity of the removal station 14, and among these, the classification corresponding to the lime basic unit of the desulfurization process performed in the hot metal storage container to be removed immediately after the removal.
- One slag container 5 is prepared in the removal area 14 by the replacement device.
- the lime basic unit is calculated from the lime content contained in the new desulfurization agent and the lime amount effective as the desulfurization agent contained in the reuse desulfurization agent S1, but the present invention is applied. It is not limited to examples. For example, when other additives such as dolomite containing lime are used, the lime basic unit is calculated based on the lime content contained in all additives including these additives and the amount of lime effective as a desulfurizing agent. Is calculated.
- the additive may be added from a lance provided above the hot metal pan 6 by a projection facility that is sprayed together with the carrier gas.
- desulfurization slag used as reuse desulfurization agent S1 was added to the hot metal ladle 6 with the heavy machinery 121, this invention is not limited to this example.
- the desulfurization slag used as the reuse desulfurization agent S1 may be added using a conventional supply device such as a hopper or a chute provided in the mechanical stirring desulfurization device 13.
- the slag container 5 containing the desulfurized slag S2 is stored in the slag container container building 2, but the present invention is not limited to this example.
- the slag container 5 in which the desulfurized slag S2 is accommodated may be stored in other places such as outdoors as long as a special lid or the like is put on the slag container 5 so as not to get wet by rain or the like.
- bumping or dust generation may occur when the desulfurized slag S2 is added to the hot metal M as a reuse desulfurizing agent.
- the hot metal contained in the topped car 4 or the hot metal ladle 6 serving as the hot metal container is used by using a bubbling method, a gas injection method, or the like that performs desulfurization treatment while blowing gas and stirring. It is also possible to select a processing method and the like. Also when other desulfurization methods are used, the desulfurization slag S2 is recovered from the hot metal container as in the above embodiment, and then reused as a reuse desulfurization agent or a raw material for sintered ore.
- this invention is applied. It is not limited to examples. For example, it is good also as a structure which divides
- this invention is not limited to this example.
- this slag storage container 5 is used in step S102. It is good also as an object classified by.
- this slag container 5 is a desirable embodiment when the conditions are preferentially selected for the reuse desulfurization agent as compared with the others.
- desulfurization slag S2 which generate
- the desulfurization slag S2 generated in one charge desulfurization process may be collected in a plurality of slag storage containers 5.
- one slag container 5 was selected as the slag container 5 for reuse desulfurization agents, this invention is not limited to this example.
- the reuse method of the desulfurization slag S2 according to the embodiment of the present invention is to desulfurize the hot metal M in the hot metal storage container 6 using at least a new lime-based desulfurization agent.
- the desulfurization slag S2 generated by the desulfurization process is discharged from the hot metal storage container 6 and recovered (step S100), and any one or more of the plurality of slag storage containers 5 in which the desulfurization slag S2 is stored is re-used.
- the desulfurization slag S2 selected for the used desulfurization agent and accommodated in the slag container 5 selected for the reuse desulfurization agent is used as the reuse desulfurization agent S1 in the subsequent desulfurization treatment of the hot metal, thereby accommodating a plurality of slag.
- a plurality of slag collections that are elapsed times after the desulfurization slag S2 is accommodated in each of the plurality of slag storage containers 5 are collected.
- the holding time corresponding to each of the containers, and the amount of lime used corresponding to each of the plurality of slag storage containers 5 which is the amount of lime used in the desulfurization process in which the desulfurization slag S2 stored in each of the plurality of slag storage containers 5 is generated. based on at least either the retention time is short or equal slag container 5 and lime consumption than the first threshold value T a is at least one of the second threshold value X i greater than or equal to slag container 5
- the slag container 5 is preferentially selected for the reuse desulfurization agent.
- the desulfurization reaction proceeds with unreacted CaO. For this reason, unless unreacted CaO exists in desulfurization slag S2, it does not contribute to desulfurization reaction. Further, the greater the amount of unreacted CaO in the desulfurized slag, the higher the desulfurization ability, and the amount of new desulfurizing agent added can be reduced when used as a desulfurizing agent.
- the desulfurization slag S2 produced by the desulfurization treatment under various conditions is recovered and reused as the reuse desulfurization agent S1 without separating the desulfurization slag S2, the desulfurization ability of the reuse desulfurization agent S1 varies greatly. .
- desulfurization slag S2 of the conditions with high desulfurization capacity accommodated in the slag storage container 5 selected based on at least one of holding time and lime usage-amount is reused preferentially. Since it is used as the desulfurizing agent S1, it is possible to reduce variations in the contribution of the reuse desulfurizing agent S1 to desulfurization. For this reason, in the desulfurization process using the reuse desulfurizing agent S1, the S concentration of the hot metal after the process can be controlled to a target concentration range without excessive use of the desulfurizing agent.
- desulfurization slag with a short elapsed time after waste metal discharge from the hot metal storage container and desulfurization slag produced by desulfurization treatment of hot metal with a large amount of lime are given priority and used as a reuse desulfurization agent.
- the average desulfurization ability of the used desulfurizing agent can be improved. Because of these effects, the amount of new desulfurizing agent used can be reduced, so that the steel manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the energy consumption required for the production of the lime-based desulfurizing agent can be reduced.
- the generation amount of the desulfurization slag in the desulfurization treatment process can be reduced by reducing the amount of the new desulfurization agent used.
- it is not necessary to perform complicated work such as sampling and analysis of slag so that the burden on the worker and the time required for processing can be reduced.
- the plurality of slag storage containers 5 in which the desulfurization slag S2 is stored are A plurality of slag containers are divided into a plurality of sections according to at least one of a section according to the holding time based on the threshold Ta and a section according to the lime usage based on the second threshold X i (step S102).
- the slag container 5 of at least one of the section having a short holding time and the section having a large amount of lime use is selected.
- Select for reuse desulfurization agent According to the above configuration, as in the case of the configuration of (1) above, variation in the contribution of the reuse desulfurization agent S1 to desulfurization can be reduced, and the amount of novel desulfurization agent used can be reduced. .
- step S102 select when to partition the plurality of slag container 5 (step S102), on the basis of the first threshold value T a by dividing a plurality of slag container 5, for the reuse desulfurizing agent slag container 5 to (step S104,106) time, hold time select only slag container 5 of shorter or equal division than the first threshold value T a for the reuse desulfurizing agent.
- the desulfurization slag S2 that has a short holding time and does not affect the desulfurization efficiency due to pulverization can be used as the reusable desulfurization agent S1, and thus the reuse desulfurization agent S1 contributes to desulfurization. Can be further reduced.
- step S102 (4) dividing the plurality of slag container 5 (step S102) when, on the basis of the second threshold value X i further dividing the plurality of slag container 5, for the reuse desulfurizing agent slag container 5
- the slag container 5 having a large amount of lime use is preferentially selected for the reuse desulfurization agent.
- step S102 when dividing the plurality of slag container 5 (step S102), further dividing the plurality of slag container 5 on the basis of less than the first threshold value T a third threshold value T j, slag accommodated
- the slag container 5 having a short holding time and a large amount of lime is preferentially selected for the reuse desulfurization agent.
- step S102 dividing the plurality of slag container 5 (step S102) when further dividing the plurality of slag container 5 on the basis of less than the first threshold value T a third threshold value T j, slag accommodated
- the slag container 5 having a short holding time is preferentially selected for the reuse desulfurization agent.
- the slag container for the reused desulfurization agent is selected based on the finer classification according to the holding time, priority is given to desulfurization slag having higher desulfurization efficiency. Can be used. For this reason, the addition amount of a novel desulfurization agent can be reduced.
- the third threshold T j is set to 24 hours or more and 48 hours or less. According to the above configuration, when the slag container 5 containing the desulfurized slag S2 generated by the normal mechanical stirring desulfurizer 13 is classified based on the holding time, the threshold T j is set to the above range, In the desulfurization slag S2 accommodated in the slag container 5 that is preferentially selected for the reuse desulfurization agent in the section having a short retention time with respect to j , it is possible to effectively improve the desulfurization ability while reusing the desulfurization slag S2. An amount suitable for use as the desulfurizing agent S1 can be obtained. For this reason, the addition amount of a novel desulfurization agent can be reduced effectively.
- the first threshold value Ta is set to 48 hours or more and 72 hours or less. According to the above configuration, when the slag container 5 containing the desulfurized slag S2 generated by the general mechanical stirring desulfurizer 13 is classified based on the holding time, the threshold value Ta is set to the above range. T a retention time of short segment with respect to, the preferentially desulfurization slag S2, which is housed in the slag container 5 to be selected for reuse desulfurizing agent, it is possible to effectively reduce variations in desulfurization capacity .
- the holding time is only slag container 5 of shorter or equal division than the first threshold value T a is selected for reuse desulfurizing agent, reuse desulfurizing agent
- the variation in the desulfurization ability of S1 is effectively reduced, and the amount of new desulfurization agent added can be effectively reduced.
- Suitability value of the first threshold value T a the additive type and desulfurization treatment conditions used, since it is considered to be affected by conditions such as the capacity of the slag container 5, suitably appropriate response to these conditions It is preferably adjusted to a value, and is preferably set to a value in the range of 48 hours to 72 hours.
- a value is preferably set to a value in the range of 48 hours to 72 hours.
- holding time exceeds 72 hours, possibility that desulfurization capability will fall from the influence by pulverization of desulfurization slag S2 becomes high.
- holding time is less than 48 hours, it does not depend on said conditions, but the bad influence on the desulfurization ability by powdering is low.
- the second threshold value X i 5 kg / t or more and less 10 kg / t.
- the threshold value X i is within the above range.
- the desulfurization slag S2 accommodated in the slag storage container 5 is discharged from at least one slag storage container 5 of the container 5, and the discharged desulfurization slag S3 is used as a raw material for the sintered ore to discharge the desulfurization slag S2.
- the container 5 is used to store the desulfurization slag S2 discharged from the hot metal storage container 6 again.
- the desulfurization slag S2 having a low desulfurization ability can be preferentially used as a raw material for the sintered ore when used as the reuse desulfurization agent S1, and therefore, the desulfurization having a relatively high desulfurization ability.
- An operation for preparing an empty slag container 5 and receiving the desulfurized slag S2 newly discharged from the hot metal container 6 can be performed smoothly while preserving the slag S2.
- any one of the plurality of slag storage containers 5 in which the desulfurization slag S2 is stored One or more were selected for desulfurization slag discharge, and desulfurization slag S2 accommodated in the slag storage container 5 selected for desulfurization slag discharge was selected from the slag storage container 5 to be selected for desulfurization slag discharge.
- the slag storage container 5 When the slag storage container 5 is emptied and the desulfurization slag S2 discharged from the hot metal storage container 6 is collected into one or more of the plurality of slag storage containers 5, the slag is emptied after being selected for discharging the desulfurization slag.
- container 5 when selecting any one or more of a plurality of slag container 5 for the desulfurization slag discharge, longer slag than the holding time is the first threshold value T a Container 5 and lime usage preferentially selects at least one slag container 5 of the second threshold value X i of less than slag container 5 for the desulfurization slag discharge.
- the desulfurized slag S3 discharged from the slag container 5 selected for discharging the desulfurized slag is used as a raw material for the sintered ore. According to the above configuration, all the desulfurization slag S2 generated in the desulfurization process is reused inside the steelworks to make a blast furnace slag product with a smaller environmental impact than the desulfurization slag, and effective use outside the steelworks. Can do.
- the slag storage containers 5 are classified according to the amount of lime used.
- the amount of lime used in the desulfurization process in which the desulfurization slag S2 is generated is referred to.
- a slag container 5 of a classification corresponding to the amount of lime used in the desulfurization process is selected from the slag container 5 for recovering desulfurized slag (step S200), and the hot metal container is selected as the slag container 5 selected for recovering desulfurized slag.
- the desulfurized slag S2 discharged from 6 is recovered. According to the above-described configuration, even when desulfurization treatment with different lime usage is performed continuously, it can be collected separately in the slag container 5 of the corresponding lime usage classification, The mass ratio of desulfurization slag S2 accommodated in the slag accommodation container 5 can be increased. For this reason, since the usage-amount of the reuse desulfurization agent S1 with a high CaO substitution rate can be increased, the usage-amount of a novel desulfurization agent can further be reduced.
- the desulfurization slag S2 generated by the desulfurization treatment of the hot metal having a plurality of charges in the slag container 5 is recovered, and the holding time corresponding to the slag container is set as the desulfurization for the above-mentioned plural charges stored in the slag container 5.
- the elapsed time since the desulfurization slag S2 of the first charge was accommodated, and the amount of lime used corresponding to the slag container is the smallest among the desulfurization treatment of hot metal of the above-mentioned multiple charges. Use lime in charge.
- the working time concerning the movement of the slag storage container 5 can be shortened. Further, in this case, the desulfurization ability of the desulfurization slag S2 accommodated in the slag container 5 is excessively evaluated, and there is no possibility of insufficient desulfurization in the desulfurization treatment of the hot metal.
- the amount of lime used is the amount of quicklime contained in the new desulfurization agent, and when the reused desulfurization agent S1 is used for the desulfurization treatment Is the sum of the amount of quicklime contained in the new desulfurization agent and the value obtained by multiplying the amount of desulfurization slag S2 used as the reuse desulfurization agent S1 by a predetermined substitution rate.
- Lime / aluminum ash which is a mass ratio of lime and aluminum ash in the new desulfurization agent, using a new desulfurization agent, a reuse desulfurization agent S1, and aluminum ash when desulfurization treatment is performed. Is 4.0 or more and 5.0 or less. According to the above configuration, while maintaining the desulfurization efficiency, the addition amount of the aluminum ash can be reduced with the reduction of the addition amount of the new desulfurization agent, so that the steel manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- the hot metal M extracted from the blast furnace was received by the topped car 4 and the hot metal was desiliconized and dephosphorized by the topped car 4 to reduce the phosphorus concentration of the hot metal M to 0.07% by mass or less. Thereafter, the hot metal M was discharged from the topped car 4 to the hot metal pan 6, and the hot metal M was desulfurized using the mechanical stirring desulfurization device 13 in the hot metal pan 6 containing about 320 t of hot metal.
- the hot metal temperature before desulfurization was in the range of 1240 ° C to 1320 ° C.
- steps S104 to S108 is performed, and the desulfurization slag S2 accommodated in the slag container 5 of the first section or the second section selected for the reuse desulfurization agent is used as the reuse desulfurization agent S1, and the subsequent desulfurization is performed.
- the slag container 5 for the reused desulfurizing agent is randomly selected without dividing the slag container 5 and the contained desulfurized slag S2 is used as the reused desulfurizing agent S1
- the slag storage container 5 for discharging the desulfurized slag was randomly selected, and the stored desulfurized slag S2 was discharged to the waste yard 3.
- the mass ratio of lime and aluminum ash in the new desulfurizing agent is set to 4.0 to 5.0, and the new desulfurizing agent and aluminum ash are simultaneously added, and then the machine is used for 11 to 15 minutes.
- the desulfurization treatment was completed by performing the type agitation.
- the amount of reused desulfurization agent S1 added per charge was 1600 kg or more and 3200 kg or less.
- the reuse desulfurizing agent S1 was added, it was added using the heavy machinery 121, and 2 to 4 cups of the reuse desulfurization agent S1 was added per charge at an addition amount of 800 kg per bucket.
- the reusable desulfurizing agent S1 and the new desulfurizing agent are added in an amount of 4.5 kg / t or more depending on the S concentration of hot metal before desulfurization and the target value of S concentration of hot metal after desulfurization. It adjusted in the range of 9.0 kg / t.
- the basic unit of lime is a value calculated by assuming that the substitution rate y is constant at 23 [%] in the above-described equation (1).
- the desulfurized lime efficiency of the reused desulfurizing agent S1 is the actual desulfurization reaction for the basic unit of effective lime content in the reused desulfurizing agent S1 obtained by multiplying the basic unit of the reused desulfurizing agent S1 by the substitution rate y.
- the average CaO substitution rate was 7% higher in the case of the first section than in the case of the second section and the comparative example. That is, in the example, by using the desulfurization slag S2 of the slag container 5 of the first section as the reuse desulfurization agent S1, the average CaO substitution rate is increased by 7% compared to the case of the second section or the comparative example. Accordingly, the amount of the new desulfurizing agent used can be reduced by a corresponding amount. This is equivalent to the effect of reducing the lime basic unit of the new desulfurization agent by about 0.15 kg / t when the lime basic unit is compared with the addition amount (about 2.5 kg / t) of one bucket. confirmed.
- the desulfurization slag S2 of the above embodiment since the dispersion
- the inventors have re-used the desulfurization slag S2 by using the same method as in the above-described embodiment, and the comparative example in which the recovered desulfurization slag S2 is reused without being classified.
- the difference in the basic unit of the new desulfurization agent according to the conditions of use was investigated. Under each condition, the S concentration in the hot metal M before the treatment and the target S concentration in the hot metal M after the desulfurization treatment were set to the same treatment conditions, and the desulfurization treatment was performed for 20 charges.
- the amount of new desulfurizing agent used was reduced according to the product of the amount of reused desulfurizing agent S1 and the CaO substitution rate.
- the S concentration in the molten iron M after the treatment could be lowered to a target value or less with any charge.
- the average basic unit of the new desulfurizing agent was 4.2 kg / t
- the comparative example in which the desulfurized slag S2 was reused without being classified The average basic unit was 4.9 kg / t. From this result, it was confirmed that by using the reuse method of the example, variation in the desulfurization efficiency of the reuse desulfurization agent S1 was reduced, and the basic unit of the new desulfurization agent could be reduced by 0.7 kg / t.
- FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the retention time when the desulfurization slag S2 is used as the reuse desulfurization agent S1 and the CaO substitution rate obtained from the result of the desulfurization treatment.
- the third threshold value Tj is set to 36 hours, and the slag containers 5 of the first and second sections are further divided based on the holding time, this corresponds to each section.
- the CaO substitution rate of the reused desulfurizing agent S1 is set by a functional equation based on the lime usage amount and the holding time of the slag container 5 corresponding to the reuse desulfurization agent S1, and the usage amount of the new desulfurization agent is determined based on this. May be.
- Hot metal desulfurization processing building 11 Hot metal discharge place 111: Hot metal pan carriage 12: Desulfurization slag charging place 121: Heavy equipment 13: Mechanical stirring desulfurization device 131: Hot metal hot pot carriage 132: Rotating shaft 133: Stirring body 134: Hood 14: Removal area 141: Slag scraping machine 2: Slag container container building 3: Exhaust yard 4: Topped car 5: Slag container 6: Hot metal pan M: Hot metal S1: Reuse desulfurization agent S2, S3: Desulfurization slag
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Abstract
Description
例えば、特許文献1には、石灰系脱硫剤を用いた脱硫処理で発生した脱硫スラグを溶銑と分離して溶銑容器から排出させ、この脱硫スラグを別の溶銑容器内の溶銑上に脱硫剤の一部として投入し、その後、溶銑及び脱硫剤を機械的に攪拌して脱硫する方法が提案されている。
例えば、特許文献2には、スラグ回収容器中に貯留された脱硫スラグのうちから高温かつ粉粒状の脱硫スラグのみを選別し、選別した脱硫スラグを再使用脱硫剤として新規の脱硫剤(脱硫処理で使用されていない未使用の脱硫剤)とともに溶銑に投入して機械攪拌する溶銑の脱硫方法が提案されている。
また、特許文献3には、溶銑の脱硫処理で発生した脱硫スラグを石灰系の脱硫剤の一部として別の溶銑の脱硫処理で再使用するに当たり、スラグ組成のCaO/SiO2が質量比で2.5以上、Al2O3含有量が10質量%以下、硫黄含有量が5.0質量%以下である脱硫スラグを脱硫剤として再使用する方法が提案されている。
また、特許文献2の方法では、粒径50mmを超えるような地金や塊状物を除くようにスラグを掬い取って再使用することを提案しているが、現実的にはさらに大きな人頭大程度の塊状物を避ける程度が限度であった。このため、塊状物を除くような煩雑な操作を行ったとしても、再使用したスラグの脱硫への寄与のバラツキを低減するには不十分であり、新規の脱硫剤を効果的に削減することが困難であった。
そこで、本発明は、上記の課題に着目してなされたものであり、再使用する脱硫スラグの脱硫への寄与のバラツキを低減することが可能な脱硫スラグの再使用方法を提供することを目的としている。また、これによって、新規の石灰系脱硫剤の使用量削減を可能とし、石灰石を焼成して生石灰を得るのに多大なエネルギーを要する石灰系脱硫剤を製造するためのエネルギー消費量の削減にも寄与することを目的としている。
以下、本発明を実施するための形態(以下、実施形態という。)を、図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。本実施形態に係る溶銑の脱硫処理方法では、石灰系脱硫剤を用いた溶銑の機械攪拌による脱硫処理で生成される脱硫スラグを、脱硫処理における脱硫剤または焼結鉱の原料として再度利用する。
石灰系脱硫剤を用いた溶銑の脱硫処理方法としては、一般的に、脱硫剤吹込法や機械攪拌式脱硫法等がある。脱硫剤吹込法では、粉末の石灰系脱硫剤をアルゴンガスや窒素ガスなどの不活性ガスを搬送用ガスと一緒に溶銑中に吹き込んで脱硫処理をする。
はじめに、図1および図2を参照して、本発明の第1実施形態の脱硫処理設備について説明する。第1実施形態の脱硫処理設備は、図1に示すように、溶銑脱硫処理建屋1と、スラグ収容容器置き建屋2と、排滓ヤード3とからなる。
溶銑脱硫処理建屋1には、溶銑払出し場11と、脱硫スラグ投入場12と、機械攪拌式脱硫装置13と、除滓場14とが設けられる。
脱硫スラグ投入場12は、溶銑鍋6に収容された溶銑に、スラグ収容容器5に収容された脱硫スラグS2を再使用脱硫剤S1として添加する作業が行われる場所である。脱硫スラグ投入場12では、バックフォー等の重機121を用いて、脱硫スラグS2が溶銑鍋6に添加される。
排滓ヤード3は、スラグ収容容器5に収容された脱硫スラグS2のうち、再使用脱硫剤S1として用いられない脱硫スラグS2を排出して保管する場所である。排滓ヤード3に排出された脱硫スラグS3は、さらに製鉄所内あるいは製鉄所外の他のプロセスに搬送して、石灰源として利用できる。
なお、溶銑脱硫処理建屋1内において、溶銑鍋台車111,131に載せられた場合を除き、溶銑鍋6の移動や傾動等のハンドリングには、溶銑脱硫処理建屋1に設けられた不図示の天井クレーンが用いられる。また、スラグ収容容器5のハンドリングには、スラグ収容容器5を運搬・傾動可能な不図示の重機が主に用いられる。
次に、図1および図2を参照して本発明の第1実施形態の脱硫処理方法を説明する。
まず、図2(a)に示すように、溶銑鍋6に収容された溶銑Mに、スラグ収容容器5に収容された再使用脱硫剤S1を、重機121を用いて添加する。再使用脱硫剤S1は、脱硫処理によって発生した脱硫スラグS2であり、詳細については後述する。溶銑Mは、高炉から出銑される溶銑であり、例えばトピードカー4のような溶銑搬送容器にて搬送され、溶銑払出し場11にて溶銑鍋6に払い出される。また、溶銑Mは、払い出される前に、脱珪処理や脱燐処理等が施されていてもよい。脱珪処理は、脱燐処理に先立ち行われる酸化精錬処理であり、溶銑Mに酸素ガスや鉄鉱石等の酸素源が添加されることで、主に溶銑中のSiが除去される処理である。脱燐処理は、脱珪処理後に行われる酸化精錬処理であり、溶銑Mに酸素ガスや鉄鉱石等の酸素源が添加されるとともに、生成するP2O5を吸収するための脱燐用フラックスとして石灰源が添加されることで、主に溶銑中のPを除去する処理である。つまり、脱硫処理に用いられる溶銑Mは、どのような成分であってもよい。なお、機械攪拌式脱硫装置13にて脱硫処理される溶銑Mは、溶銑鍋6に1杯分毎に「チャージ」という単位で脱硫処理される。
脱硫処理が終了した後、図2(c)に示すように、溶銑Mを収容した溶銑鍋6を除滓場14に搬送し、傾けた溶銑鍋6から脱硫スラグS2を排出させ、スラグ収容容器5に回収する。
次に、図3および図4を参照して、第1実施形態に係る脱硫スラグS2の再使用方法について説明する。第1実施形態では、脱硫処理にて生成された脱硫スラグS2をスラグ収容容器5に回収し、回収した脱硫スラグS2の一部を、その後の脱硫処理において脱硫剤の一部として使用する。まず、脱硫スラグS2の回収方法について説明する。
ステップS102では、脱硫スラグS2が収容された複数のスラグ収容容器5を、各々のスラグ収容容器に対応する保持時間および石灰原単位(石灰使用量)に基いて、保持時間の第1の閾値Taおよび石灰原単位の第2の閾値Xiを用いて、第1区分~第3区分の3つに区分に分ける。第1区分には、石灰原単位が第2の閾値Xi以上、且つ保持時間が第1の閾値Ta以下となるスラグ収容容器5が区分けされる。第2区分には、石灰原単位が第2の閾値Xi未満、且つ保持時間が第1の閾値Ta以下となるスラグ収容容器5が区分けされる。第3区分には、保持時間が第1の閾値Ta超となるスラグ収容容器5が区分けされる。なお、本実施形態における各閾値の一例を挙げると、第1の閾値Taは72時間であり、第2の閾値Xiは石灰原単位7.0kg/tである。
さらに、ステップS104で選択されたスラグ収容容器5のうち、石灰原単位の多い区分のスラグ収容容器5からいずれか1つ以上が再使用脱硫剤用として選択される(S106)。つまり、ステップS104で第1区分および第2区分の両方のスラグ収容容器5が選択される場合、ステップS106では石灰原単位の多い区分である第1区分のスラグ収容容器5からいずれか1つ以上が再使用脱硫剤用として選択される。一方、ステップS104で第1区分または第2区分のいずれか一方のみのスラグ収容容器5が選択される場合、ステップS106ではステップS104で選択されたいずれか一方の区分のスラグ収容容器5からいずれか1つ以上が再使用脱硫剤用として選択される。また、ステップS106では、同一の区分に属する複数のスラグ収容容器5から再使用脱硫剤用のスラグ収容容器5が選択される際、選択されるスラグ収容容器5は、上記の同一の区分のものであればどれでもよいが、好ましくは、石灰原単位が多いか、あるいは保持時間が短いものが優先して選択されることが好適である。
次に、図5および図6を参照して、本発明の第2実施形態に係る脱硫スラグS2の再使用方法について説明する。第2実施形態の脱硫処理設備は、図5に示すように、第1実施形態と同様の構成を有する。つまり、第2実施形態の脱硫処理設備は、溶銑脱硫処理建屋1と、スラグ収容容器置き建屋2と、排滓ヤード3とからなる。溶銑脱硫処理建屋1には、溶銑払出し場11と、脱硫スラグ投入場12と、機械攪拌式脱硫装置13と、除滓場14とが設けられる。また、第2実施形態では、図2に示した第1実施形態と同様の脱硫処理方法を用いて、溶銑Mの脱硫処理が行われる。
以上、添付図面を参照しながら本発明の好適な実施形態について詳細に説明したが、本発明はかかる例に限定されない。本発明の属する技術の分野における通常の知識を有する者であれば、特許請求の範囲に記載された技術的思想の範囲内において、各種の変更例または修正例を実施し得ることは明らかであり、これらについても、当然に本発明の技術的範囲に属するものである。
さらに、上記実施形態では、脱硫スラグ排出用として選択されたスラグ収容容器5から排滓ヤード3に排出された脱硫スラグS3を焼結鉱の原料として用いる構成としたが、本発明はかかる例に限定されない。排滓ヤード3に排出された脱硫スラグS3は、焼結鉱の原料以外のセメントクリンカーの原料等の用途に用いられてもよい。
さらに、上記実施形態では、再使用脱硫剤S1として用いる脱硫スラグが重機121で溶銑鍋6に添加されるとしたが、本発明はかかる例に限定されない。例えば、再使用脱硫剤S1として用いる脱硫スラグは、機械攪拌式脱硫装置13に設けられたホッパーやシュート等の慣用の供給装置を用いて添加されてもよい。
さらに、上記実施形態のステップS106では、再使用脱硫剤用のスラグ収容容器5として、1つのスラグ収容容器5が選択されるとしたが、本発明はかかる例に限定されない。例えば、再使用脱硫剤用のスラグ収容容器5として選択されるスラグ収容容器5は、複数であってもよい。
(1)本発明の実施形態に係る脱硫スラグS2の再使用方法は、少なくとも石灰系の新規の脱硫剤を用いて溶銑収容容器6で溶銑Mを脱硫処理し、複数のスラグ収容容器5のいずれか1つ以上に、脱硫処理により生じる脱硫スラグS2を溶銑収容容器6から排出して回収し(ステップS100)、脱硫スラグS2が収容された複数のスラグ収容容器5からいずれか1つ以上を再使用脱硫剤用として選択し、再使用脱硫剤用として選択されたスラグ収容容器5に収容された脱硫スラグS2を、その後の溶銑の脱硫処理にて再使用脱硫剤S1として用い、複数のスラグ収容容器5からいずれか1つ以上を再使用脱硫剤用として選択する際に、複数のスラグ収容容器5のそれぞれに脱硫スラグS2が収容されてからの経過時間である複数のスラグ収容容器の各々に対応する保持時間、および複数のスラグ収容容器5にそれぞれ収容された脱硫スラグS2が発生した脱硫処理における石灰使用量である複数のスラグ収容容器5の各々に対応する石灰使用量の少なくともいずれか一方に基づいて、保持時間が第1の閾値Taより短いかまたは等しいスラグ収容容器5および石灰使用量が第2の閾値Xiより多いかまたは等しいスラグ収容容器5の少なくとも一方のスラグ収容容器5を再使用脱硫剤用として優先して選択する。
さらに、上記構成によれば、特許文献3のように、スラグのサンプリングや分析といった煩雑な作業を行わなくてもいいため、作業者の負担や処理に掛かる時間を低減することができる。
上記構成によれば、上記(1)の構成による場合と同様に、再使用脱硫剤S1の脱硫への寄与のバラツキを低減することができ、新規な脱硫剤の使用量を減少させることができる。
上記構成によれば、保持時間が短く、粉化による脱硫効率への影響がない脱硫スラグS2のみを再使用脱硫剤S1として用いることができるため、再使用脱硫剤S1の脱硫への寄与のバラツキをさらに低減することができる。
上記構成によれば、回収された脱硫スラグS2のうち、脱硫効率の高いものから順に使用する傾向となるため、第1の閾値Taに基づいてスラグ収容容器5を区分するのみで第2の閾値Xiに基づいてスラグ収容容器5をさらに区分しない場合に比べ、新規の脱硫剤の添加量を低減することができる。
上記(5)または(6)の構成によれば、保持時間に応じたより細かな区分に基いて再使用脱硫剤用のスラグ収容容器を選択するため、より脱硫効率の高い脱硫スラグを優先して使用することができる。このため、新規の脱硫剤の添加量を低減することができる。
上記構成によれば、通常の機械攪拌式脱硫装置13で生成した脱硫スラグS2を収容したスラグ収容容器5を保持時間に基いて区分する際に、閾値Tjを上記範囲とすることで、Tjに関して保持時間が短い区分の、優先的に再使用脱硫剤用として選択されるスラグ収容容器5に収容された脱硫スラグS2において、脱硫能を効果的に向上することを可能としつつ、再使用脱硫剤S1として使用するのに適切な量を得ることができる。このため、新規の脱硫剤の添加量を効果的に低減することができる。
上記構成によれば、一般的な機械攪拌式脱硫装置13で生成した脱硫スラグS2を収容したスラグ収容容器5を保持時間に基いて区分する際に、閾値Taを上記範囲とすることで、Taに関して保持時間が短い区分の、優先的に再使用脱硫剤用として選択されるスラグ収容容器5に収容された脱硫スラグS2において、脱硫能のバラツキを効果的に低減することが可能となる。特に、上記(3)の構成と組み合わせることにより、保持時間が第1の閾値Taより短いかまたは等しい区分のスラグ収容容器5のみが再使用脱硫剤用として選択されるので、再使用脱硫剤S1の脱硫能のバラツキが効果的に低減され、新規の脱硫剤の添加量を効果的に低減することができる。
上記構成によれば、通常の機械攪拌式脱硫装置13で生成した脱硫スラグS2を収容したスラグ収容容器5を石灰使用量に基いて区分する際に、閾値Xiを上記範囲とすることで、Xiに関して石灰原単位が多い区分の、優先的に再使用脱硫剤用として選択されるスラグ収容容器5に収容された脱硫スラグS2において、脱硫能を効果的に向上することを可能としつつ、再使用脱硫剤S1として使用するのに適切な量を得ることができる。このため、新規の脱硫剤の添加量を効果的に低減することができる。
上記構成によれば、再使用脱硫剤S1として使用する場合に脱硫能の低い脱硫スラグS2を優先的に焼結鉱の原料として使用することが可能となるので、相対的に脱硫能の高い脱硫スラグS2を温存しつつ、空のスラグ収容容器5を準備して、新たに溶銑収容容器6から排出される脱硫スラグS2を受滓する操業を、スムースに行うことができる。
上記構成によれば、スラグ収容容器5に空きがない状態においても、空のスラグ収容容器5を準備することができるため、脱硫処理を継続してスムースに行うことができる。
上記構成によれば、脱硫処理にて発生する脱硫スラグS2を全て製鉄所内で再使用し、脱硫スラグよりも環境負荷の小さい高炉スラグ製品としたうえで、製鉄所外での有効利用を図ることができる。
上記構成によれば、石灰使用量の異なる脱硫処理を連続して行う場合においても、対応する石灰使用量の分類のスラグ収容容器5に分けて回収することができ、石灰使用量の大きい区分のスラグ収容容器5に収容される脱硫スラグS2の質量比率を増加させることができる。このため、CaO置換率の高い再使用脱硫剤S1の使用量を増大することができるので、新規の脱硫剤の使用量をさらに低減することができる。
上記構成によれば、複数チャージ分の脱硫スラグS2をスラグ収容容器5に回収するため、スラグ収容容器5の移動に掛かる作業時間を短縮することができる。また、この場合に、スラグ収容容器5に収容された脱硫スラグS2の脱硫能を過大に評価して、溶銑の脱硫処理において脱硫不足を招くおそれが無い。
上記構成によれば、新規の脱硫剤と再使用脱硫剤S1とを併用する脱硫処理において生成された脱硫スラグS2の場合においても、再使用脱硫剤S1として再使用した場合の脱硫能を適正に評価できる。
上記構成によれば、脱硫効率を維持しながらも、新規の脱硫剤の添加量の削減に伴って、アルミ灰の添加量も削減することができるため、鉄鋼製造コストを削減することができる。
以上の結果から、本発明に係る脱硫スラグS2の再使用方法によれば、再使用する脱硫スラグの脱硫への寄与のバラツキを低減することが可能なり、効果的に脱硫剤を削減することが可能となることを確認した。
11 :溶銑払出し場
111 :溶銑鍋台車
12 :脱硫スラグ投入場
121 :重機
13 :機械攪拌式脱硫装置
131 :溶銑鍋台車
132 :回転軸
133 :攪拌体
134 :フード
14 :除滓場
141 :スラグ掻き出し機
2 :スラグ収容容器置き建屋
3 :排滓ヤード
4 :トピードカー
5 :スラグ収容容器
6 :溶銑鍋
M :溶銑
S1 :再使用脱硫剤
S2,S3 :脱硫スラグ
Claims (16)
- 少なくとも石灰系の新規の脱硫剤を用いて溶銑収容容器で溶銑を脱硫処理し、
複数のスラグ収容容器のいずれか1つ以上に、前記脱硫処理により生じる脱硫スラグを溶銑収容容器から排出して回収し、
前記脱硫スラグが収容された前記複数のスラグ収容容器からいずれか1つ以上を再使用脱硫剤用として選択し、
再使用脱硫剤用として選択された前記スラグ収容容器に収容された前記脱硫スラグを、その後の溶銑の脱硫処理にて再使用脱硫剤として用い、
前記複数のスラグ収容容器からいずれか1つ以上を再使用脱硫剤用として選択する際に、前記複数のスラグ収容容器のそれぞれに前記脱硫スラグが収容されてからの経過時間である前記複数のスラグ収容容器の各々に対応する保持時間、および前記複数のスラグ収容容器にそれぞれ収容された前記脱硫スラグが発生した前記脱硫処理における石灰使用量である前記複数のスラグ収容容器の各々に対応する石灰使用量の少なくともいずれか一方に基づいて、前記保持時間が第1の閾値Taより短いかまたは等しいスラグ収容容器および前記石灰使用量が第2の閾値Xiより多いかまたは等しいスラグ収容容器の少なくともいずれかの前記スラグ収容容器を再使用脱硫剤用として優先して選択することを特徴とする脱硫スラグの再使用方法。 - 前記複数のスラグ収容容器からいずれか1つ以上を再使用脱硫剤用として選択する前に、前記脱硫スラグが収容された前記複数のスラグ収容容器を、前記第1の閾値Taに基づく前記保持時間に応じた区分、および前記第2の閾値Xiに基づく前記石灰使用量に応じた区分の少なくともいずれか一方の複数の区分に分け、
前記複数のスラグ収容容器からいずれか1つ以上を再使用脱硫剤用として選択する際に、前記保持時間の短い区分および前記石灰使用量の多い区分の少なくともいずれか一方の区分の前記スラグ収容容器を再使用脱硫剤用として選択することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の脱硫スラグの再使用方法。 - 前記複数のスラグ収容容器を区分する際に、前記第1の閾値Taに基づいて前記複数のスラグ収容容器を区分し、
前記スラグ収容容器を再使用脱硫剤用として選択する際に、前記保持時間が前記第1の閾値Taより短いかまたは等しい区分の前記スラグ収容容器のみを再使用脱硫剤用として選択することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の脱硫スラグの再使用方法。 - 前記複数のスラグ収容容器を区分する際に、前記第2の閾値Xiに基づいて前記複数のスラグ収容容器をさらに区分し、
前記スラグ収容容器を再使用脱硫剤用として選択する際に、前記石灰使用量の多い区分の前記スラグ収容容器を優先して再使用脱硫剤用として選択することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の脱硫スラグの再使用方法。 - 前記複数のスラグ収容容器を区分する際に、前記第1の閾値Taよりも短い第3の閾値Tjに基づいて前記複数のスラグ収容容器をさらに区分し、
前記スラグ収容容器を再使用脱硫剤用として選択する際に、前記保持時間が短く、前記石灰使用量が多い区分の前記スラグ収容容器を優先して再使用脱硫剤用として選択することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の脱硫スラグの再使用方法。 - 前記複数のスラグ収容容器を区分する際に、前記第1の閾値Taよりも短い第3の閾値Tjに基づいて前記複数のスラグ収容容器をさらに区分し、
前記スラグ収容容器を再使用脱硫剤用として選択する際に、前記保持時間の短い区分の前記スラグ収容容器を優先して再使用脱硫剤用として選択することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の脱硫スラグの再使用方法。 - 前記第3の閾値Tjを、24時間以上、48時間以下とすることを特徴とする請求項5または6に記載の脱硫スラグの再使用方法。
- 前記第1の閾値Taを、48時間以上、72時間以下とすることを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の脱硫スラグの再使用方法。
- 前記石灰使用量を前記脱硫処理における石灰原単位で評価し、前記第2の閾値Xiを、5kg/t以上、10kg/t以下とすることを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の脱硫スラグの再使用方法。
- 前記脱硫スラグが収容された前記複数のスラグ収容容器のうち、前記保持時間が前記第1の閾値Taよりも長いスラグ収容容器および前記石灰使用量が前記第2の閾値Xiより少ないスラグ収容容器の少なくとも一方の前記スラグ収容容器から、前記スラグ収容容器に収容された前記脱硫スラグを排出し、
排出した前記脱硫スラグを焼結鉱の原料として用い、
前記脱硫スラグが排出された前記スラグ収容容器を、再び溶銑収容容器から排出される脱硫スラグを収容する際に用いることを特徴とする請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の脱硫スラグの再使用方法。 - 前記溶銑収容容器から排出される前記脱硫スラグを前記複数のスラグ収容容器のいずれか1つ以上に回収する前に、前記脱硫スラグが収容された前記複数のスラグ収容容器からいずれか1つ以上を脱硫スラグ排出用として選択し、
脱硫スラグ排出用として選択された前記スラグ収容容器に収容された前記脱硫スラグを、前記スラグ収容容器から排出することで、脱硫スラグ排出用として選択された前記スラグ収容容器を空にし、
前記溶銑収容容器から排出される前記脱硫スラグを前記複数のスラグ収容容器のいずれか1つ以上に回収する際に、脱硫スラグ排出用として選択した後に空にした前記スラグ収容容器を用い、
前記複数のスラグ収容容器からいずれか1つ以上を脱硫スラグ排出用として選択する際に、前記保持時間が前記第1の閾値Taよりも長いスラグ収容容器および前記石灰使用量が前記第2の閾値Xiより少ないスラグ収容容器の少なくとも一方の前記スラグ収容容器を脱硫スラグ排出用として優先して選択することを特徴とする請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の脱硫スラグの再使用方法。 - 脱硫スラグ排出用として選択された前記スラグ収容容器から排出された前記脱硫スラグを、焼結鉱の原料として用いることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の脱硫スラグの再使用方法。
- 前記溶銑収容容器から排出される前記脱硫スラグを前記複数のスラグ収容容器のいずれか1つ以上に回収する前に、石灰使用量で前記複数のスラグ収容容器を分類し、
前記溶銑収容容器から排出される前記脱硫スラグを前記複数のスラグ収容容器のいずれか1つ以上に回収する際に、前記脱硫スラグが発生した前記脱硫処理における石灰使用量を参照して、前記複数のスラグ収容容器から、前記脱硫処理における石灰使用量に対応する分類のスラグ収容容器を脱硫スラグ回収用として選択し、
脱硫スラグ回収用として選択された前記スラグ収容容器に前記溶銑収容容器から排出される前記脱硫スラグを回収することを特徴とする請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の脱硫スラグの再使用方法。 - 前記スラグ収容容器に複数チャージの溶銑の前記脱硫処理で発生した前記脱硫スラグを回収し、
前記スラグ収容容器に対応する前記保持時間を、前記スラグ収容容器に収容された複数チャージ分の前記脱硫スラグのうち、最初のチャージの前記脱硫スラグを収容してからの経過時間とし、
前記スラグ収容容器に対応する前記石灰使用量を、前記複数チャージの溶銑の前記脱硫処理のうち最も石灰使用量が少ないチャージにおける石灰使用量とすることを特徴とする請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の脱硫スラグの再使用方法。 - 前記石灰使用量を、
前記脱硫処理に前記再使用脱硫剤が用いられない場合には、前記新規の脱硫剤に含まれる生石灰の使用量とし、
前記脱硫処理に前記再使用脱硫剤が用いられる場合には、前記新規の脱硫剤に含まれる生石灰の使用量と、前記再使用脱硫剤として使用する前記脱硫スラグの使用量に所定の置換率を乗算した値との合計とすることを特徴とする請求項1~14のいずれか1項に記載の脱硫スラグの再使用方法。 - 前記脱硫処理をする際に、前記新規の脱硫剤と、前記再使用脱硫剤と、アルミ灰とを用い、前記新規の脱硫剤中の石灰と、アルミ灰との質量比率である石灰/アルミ灰を4.0以上5.0以下とすることを特徴とする請求項1~15のいずれか1項に記載の脱硫スラグの再使用方法。
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