WO2016104624A1 - 摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料および摺動部材 - Google Patents
摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料および摺動部材 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016104624A1 WO2016104624A1 PCT/JP2015/086058 JP2015086058W WO2016104624A1 WO 2016104624 A1 WO2016104624 A1 WO 2016104624A1 JP 2015086058 W JP2015086058 W JP 2015086058W WO 2016104624 A1 WO2016104624 A1 WO 2016104624A1
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- phenol resin
- sliding member
- molding material
- resin molding
- sliding
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- 0 CCCC1C*CC1 Chemical compound CCCC1C*CC1 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L61/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08L61/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/16—Solid spheres
- C08K7/18—Solid spheres inorganic
- C08K7/20—Glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C08L27/18—Homopolymers or copolymers or tetrafluoroethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/06—Elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a phenol resin molding material for a sliding member and a sliding member.
- phenolic resin molding materials are known as materials that satisfy the required characteristics for mechanical parts, and are attracting attention as substitutes for ceramics and metals.
- a molded product obtained by using a phenol resin molding material has high heat resistance and can be easily processed into a product.
- it has been conventionally performed to add glass fiber or the like as a filling base material to a phenol resin molding material. In this case, there is a problem that the mechanical strength is improved but the wear resistance is deteriorated, and such a phenol resin molding material is inappropriate for manufacturing a mechanical part requiring wear resistance.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a phenolic resin molding material for a sliding member capable of molding a sliding member having excellent slidability and wear resistance while maintaining excellent heat resistance and mechanical strength, and the sliding member.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a sliding member that is formed by molding a cured product of a phenol resin molding material for use, and that has excellent slidability and wear resistance while maintaining excellent heat resistance and mechanical strength.
- the sliding member obtained by molding the phenolic resin molding material for sliding members maintains excellent heat resistance and mechanical strength. However, it can be provided with excellent slidability and wear resistance.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a method for measuring a dynamic friction coefficient by a pin-on-disk type in accordance with a ball-on-disk type friction / wear test method stipulated in JIS R 1613 (1993 standard).
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a method for measuring a dynamic friction coefficient in accordance with a thrust cylinder type (Suzuki type) friction / wear test method defined in JIS K 7218 (1986 standard).
- the phenolic resin molding material for sliding member of the present invention contains phenolic resin, graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene, and spherical glass beads.
- the content of phenolic resin in the phenolic resin molding material for sliding member is 15% by weight or more based on the whole phenolic resin molding material for sliding member. It is prepared so that it may become 50 weight% or less.
- the sliding member obtained by molding the phenolic resin molding material for sliding members maintains excellent heat resistance and mechanical strength.
- excellent slidability and wear resistance can be provided.
- the phenol resin is included in the phenol resin molding material for the sliding member.
- phenol resins include phenol novolak resins, cresol novolak resins, bisphenol A novolak resins, novolak phenol resins such as arylalkylene type novolak resins, unmodified resoles such as dimethylene ether type resole resins and methylol type resole resins.
- resol type phenol resins such as oil-modified resol phenol resins modified with phenol resin, tung oil, linseed oil, walnut oil, and the like, and one or more of them can be used in combination.
- the phenol resin molding material for the sliding member includes a curing agent.
- hexamethylenetetramine is used as the curing agent.
- the content is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 parts by mass or more and 30 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 15 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the novolac type phenol resin. It is preferable that it is below mass parts.
- phenol resin a resol type phenol resin and a novolac type phenol resin may be used in combination. Thereby, the mechanical strength of the obtained sliding member can be further increased, and the toughness can be increased.
- the number average molecular weight of the phenol resin is not particularly limited, but is preferably 500 to 1000, for example, and more preferably 700 to 900.
- the number average molecular weight is less than the lower limit, depending on the type of phenol resin, the viscosity of the phenol resin molding material for the sliding member melted in the manufacture of the sliding member is lowered, and as a result, the sliding member is produced. There is a possibility that the workability of the work is deteriorated and the time required for the production of the sliding member becomes long.
- the said upper limit is exceeded, there exists a possibility that the phenol resin molding material for sliding members may not fully fuse
- the content of the phenol resin in the phenol resin molding material for sliding member is 15 wt% or more and 50 wt% or less with respect to the entire phenol resin molding material for sliding member, but 15 wt% or more and 45 wt%. % Or less, more preferably 30% by weight or more and 45% by weight or less.
- the productivity and molding characteristics necessary for the phenolic resin molding material for sliding members can be imparted by heat treatment.
- the obtained cured product of the phenol resin molding material for a sliding member, that is, the bending strength and bending elasticity of the sliding member can be easily and reliably set within a preferable range described later.
- graphite Although it does not specifically limit as graphite, For example, earth graphite, scale graphite, lump graphite, etc. are mentioned, Among these, it can use 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types. Among these, it is preferable to use earthy graphite. Thereby, the slidability of a sliding member can be improved more reliably.
- particulate graphite is added to the phenol resin molding material for sliding members.
- the average particle diameter of graphite is not particularly limited, for example, it is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less. By setting the average particle diameter of the graphite within such a range, the slidability and wear resistance of the obtained sliding member can be reliably improved.
- the content of graphite is not particularly limited, but is 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of phenol resin (when novolac phenol resin is used, the total amount of novolac phenol resin and hexamethylenetetramine is 100 parts by mass).
- the amount is preferably 70 parts by mass or less and more preferably 35 parts by mass or more and 50 parts by mass or less.
- Polytetrafluoroethylene Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is included in the phenolic resin molding material for sliding members in order to improve the slidability and wear resistance of the resulting sliding members.
- particulate polytetrafluoroethylene is added to the phenol resin molding material for the sliding member.
- the average particle diameter of polytetrafluoroethylene is not particularly limited, for example, it is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the number average molecular weight of polytetrafluoroethylene is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, 10,000 or more and 10,000,000 or less, and more preferably 100,000 or more and 10,000,000 or less.
- the content of polytetrafluoroethylene is not particularly limited, but with respect to 100 parts by mass of phenol resin (when using novolac phenol resin, the total amount of novolac phenol resin and hexamethylenetetramine is 100 parts by mass), It is preferably 3 parts by mass or more and 15 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 5 parts by mass or more and 13 parts by mass or less.
- the sliding member which has the especially outstanding slidability and abrasion resistance can be obtained, without significantly inhibiting the provision effect of the high heat resistance by a phenol resin, productivity, and a shaping
- Glass beads are in the form of particles (spherical) and are included in the phenolic resin molding material for sliding members in order to improve the slidability and wear resistance of the resulting sliding members.
- the constituent material of the glass beads is not particularly limited, for example, be mentioned SiO 2, B 2 O 3, P 2 O 5, GeO 2, BeF 2, As 2 S 3 or the like, one or of these Two or more kinds can be used in combination. Moreover, at least one of TiO 2 , TeO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , and Bi 2 O 3 may be added to the constituent material of the glass beads.
- the average particle diameter of the glass beads is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less, for example, and preferably 3 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less.
- the average particle size of the glass beads is set to the upper limit or less, the specific surface area of the glass beads can be sufficiently increased. Therefore, when the glass bead contains an oxide, the bond between the hydroxyl group present on the glass bead surface and the phenolic hydroxyl group of the phenol resin can be increased. As a result, the adhesion between the glass beads and the phenol resin can be improved, and the mechanical strength of the resulting sliding member can be improved.
- the average particle size of the glass beads is less than the above lower limit, depending on the content of the glass beads and the like, the effect of improving the slidability and wear resistance by the glass beads may not be sufficiently obtained.
- the particle size distribution of the glass beads is as narrow as possible. Thereby, it can prevent that the sliding property and abrasion resistance of a sliding member become non-uniform
- the glass beads have a Vickers hardness (specified in JIS Z 2244) of 8.5 GPa or less. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the glass beads from being broken in the sliding member due to the shear stress or pressure applied to the sliding member.
- the Vickers hardness of the glass beads can be measured with a micro Vickers hardness tester.
- the slidability and wear resistance of the obtained sliding member can be reliably improved.
- the content of the glass beads is not particularly limited, but is 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the phenol resin (when novolac phenol resin is used, the total amount of the novolac phenol resin and hexamethylenetetramine is 100 parts by mass). It is preferable that it is 50 to 50 mass parts, and it is more preferable that it is 15 to 50 mass parts.
- the sliding member which has the especially outstanding slidability and abrasion resistance can be obtained, without significantly inhibiting the provision effect of the high heat resistance by a phenol resin, productivity, and a shaping
- the phenol resin molding material for sliding members contains carbon fiber in addition to the above-mentioned phenol resin, graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene, and glass beads. Thereby, the mechanical strength of the obtained sliding member can be improved more.
- carbon fiber Although it does not specifically limit as carbon fiber, various carbon fibers, such as a cellulose type, an acrylonitrile type, a phenol type, and a pitch type, are mentioned, Among these, it can use combining 1 type (s) or 2 or more types. .
- the specific surface area of the carbon fibers is preferably at 500 meters 2 / g or more, more preferably 1000 m 2 / g or more.
- the fiber diameter of the carbon fiber is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the mechanical strength of the obtained sliding member can be further improved.
- the content of the carbon fiber is not particularly limited, but is 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the phenol resin (when using the novolac phenol resin, the total amount of the novolac phenol resin and hexamethylenetetramine is 100 parts by mass). Part to 100 parts by mass, more preferably 50 parts to 70 parts by mass. Thereby, the sliding member which has the further outstanding mechanical strength can be obtained.
- the phenol resin molding material for the sliding member may contain components other than the above-described components.
- examples of other components include, but are not limited to, inorganic fillers such as calcium carbonate, boron carbide, clay, mica, talc, and wollastonite, leveling agents, antifoaming agents, mold release agents, and curing aids. And additives such as pigments, and one or more of these can be used in combination.
- inorganic fillers such as calcium carbonate, boron carbide, clay, mica, talc, and wollastonite
- leveling agents such as calcium carbonate, boron carbide, clay, mica, talc, and wollastonite
- leveling agents such as calcium carbonate, boron carbide, clay, mica, talc, and wollastonite
- leveling agents such as calcium carbonate, boron carbide, clay, mica, talc, and wollastonite
- leveling agents such as calcium carbonate, boron carbide, clay, mica, talc, and wollastonite
- leveling agents such as calcium carbonate,
- the phenol resin molding material for the sliding member may contain a solvent such as methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, toluene, dimethylformaldehyde, for example.
- a solvent such as methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, toluene, dimethylformaldehyde, for example.
- Such a varnish-like phenolic resin molding material for a sliding member is formed into a varnish by, for example, heat-kneading a resin material and a solvent using a heating roll or a biaxial kneader as required. Then, it can be obtained by further mixing other materials.
- the solid phenol resin molding material for sliding member can be obtained by pulverizing or pulverizing and granulating the varnish-like phenol resin molding material for sliding member after cooling and drying.
- the method for molding this phenolic resin molding material for a sliding member is not particularly limited.
- a method such as an injection molding method, a transfer molding method, or a compression molding method is used. You can also Among these, it is particularly preferable to use an injection molding method.
- examples of the molding conditions include a temperature of 160 to 180 ° C., a pressure of 10 to 20 MPa, and a curing time of 40 to 120 seconds.
- various sliding members molded products
- various sliding members can be formed by filling a mold having a space corresponding to the shape of the target sliding member with a phenol resin molding material for the sliding member. it can.
- the obtained sliding member is subjected to after-baking treatment at a temperature of 160 to 250 ° C. under atmospheric pressure for a heating time of about 1 to 20 hours for the purpose of improving the degree of curing and annealing. You may go.
- a phenol resin molding material for a sliding member is injection-molded under conditions of a temperature of 175 ° C., a pressure of 10 MPa, and a curing time of 60 seconds, and then subjected to after baking under the conditions of a temperature of 180 ° C., atmospheric pressure, and a heating time of 8 hours.
- a disk-shaped test piece (thickness 4 mm ⁇ radius 30 mm) is obtained.
- the disk-shaped pin holder is placed on the three pins, that is, the three pins are held between the test piece and the pin holder.
- the surface pressure is 0.6 [MPa] from the pin holder side toward the test piece side, that is, along a direction (out-of-plane direction) perpendicular to the upper surface of the test piece (sliding member).
- the test piece is rotated in the circumferential direction (in-plane direction) at a circumferential speed of 8.3 [m / sec] under conditions of room temperature and atmospheric pressure (see FIG. 1).
- the abrasion amount of the test piece after the test piece is rotated for 60 minutes as described above is preferably 5.0 mg or less. This has shown that the obtained test piece (sliding member of this invention) has the outstanding abrasion resistance.
- the sliding member of the present invention is formed on the upper surface of the sliding member formed into a disk shape in accordance with a thrust cylinder (Suzuki) type friction / wear test method specified in JIS K 7218 (1986 standard).
- a thrust cylinder Sudzuki
- a phenol resin molding material for a sliding member is injection-molded under conditions of a temperature of 175 ° C., a pressure of 10 MPa, and a curing time of 60 seconds, and then subjected to after baking under the conditions of a temperature of 180 ° C., atmospheric pressure, and a heating time of 8 hours.
- a disk-shaped test piece (thickness 4 mm ⁇ radius 30 mm) is obtained.
- the surface pressure is 0.2 [MPa] from the ring side toward the test piece side, that is, along the direction (out-of-plane direction) perpendicular to the upper surface of the test piece (sliding member).
- the test piece is rotated in the circumferential direction (in-plane direction) at a circumferential speed of 2.5 [m / sec] under conditions of room temperature and atmospheric pressure (see FIG. 2).
- the dynamic friction coefficient of the test piece measured in this way is 0.25 or less in the present invention. This has shown that the obtained test piece (sliding member of this invention) has the more excellent slidability.
- the abrasion amount of the test piece after the test piece is rotated for 60 minutes as described above is preferably 2.5 mg or less. This has shown that the obtained test piece (sliding member of this invention) has the more outstanding abrasion resistance.
- the bending strength of the sliding member is preferably 150 MPa or more. Further, the bending elasticity of the sliding member is preferably 15 MPa or more. It can be said that the sliding member having bending strength and bending elasticity in such a range has particularly excellent mechanical strength as a mechanical component used in automobiles and the like.
- sliding members can be obtained by molding the above-described phenol resin molding material for sliding members.
- the sliding member include a vane pump (power steering vane pump). More specifically, the sliding member of the present invention can be applied to a vane, a rotor, a cam ring, and the like included in the vane pump. . In addition, for example, it can be applied to various bearings, thrust washers and the like.
- each component constituting the sliding member of the present invention can be replaced with any component that can exhibit the same function.
- arbitrary components may be added to the phenol resin molding material for sliding members of the present invention.
- Test pieces were manufactured as follows.
- Example 1 1.1 Production of Molding Material Preliminarily kneaded with the raw materials and blending amounts shown in Table 1, then kneaded with a heating roll at 90 ° C., and then pulverized to obtain a phenol resin molding material.
- the compounding quantity in Table 1 represents a "mass part”. Details of the raw materials shown in Table 1 are shown below.
- Carbon fiber “PX35CF” manufactured by Zoltech Graphite: manufactured by RANCO PTFE: manufactured by SOLVAY, “Polymist”, average particle size 20 ⁇ m Glass beads: manufactured by Potters, average particle size of 10 ⁇ m Other: Lubricants, plasticizers, and pigments were used.
- Friction / wear test piece shape 4mm thickness x 30mm radius
- Test piece shape for bending test width 10mm x thickness 4mm x length 80mm
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, except that the blending amount of each constituent raw material when preparing the phenol resin molding material for sliding member in 1.1 was changed as shown in Table 1, Example 2, Three test pieces were obtained.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 4 In the same manner as in Example 1 except that the blending amount of each constituent raw material when preparing the phenol resin molding material for sliding member in 1.1 was changed as shown in Table 1, Comparative Examples 1 to Four test pieces were obtained.
- test piece is placed in the circumferential direction (in-plane direction) under conditions of room temperature and atmospheric pressure while applying a load of surface pressure 0.6 [MPa] from the pin holder side to the test piece side. It was rotated at a peripheral speed of 8.3 [m / sec] (see FIG. 1).
- the dynamic friction coefficient and the amount of wear were measured under the following conditions.
- test piece of each example was placed in the circumferential direction (surface) under conditions of room temperature and atmospheric pressure while applying a load of 0.2 [MPa] from the ring side to the test piece side. It was rotated at a peripheral speed of 2.5 [m / sec] (inward direction) (see FIG. 2).
- the dynamic friction coefficient and the amount of wear were measured under the following conditions.
- bending strength is 150 Mpa or more, and also bending elasticity is 15 GPa or more. This result shows that the test piece (sliding member) of each example has particularly excellent mechanical strength (mechanical characteristics) as a mechanical component used in an automobile or the like.
- the structure of the present invention can provide a sliding member that is excellent in all aspects of slidability, wear resistance, mechanical strength, heat resistance, productivity, and molding characteristics. It was. On the other hand, it has been found that in the configuration of each comparative example, it is not possible to obtain a sliding member that is excellent in all aspects of slidability, wear resistance, mechanical strength, heat resistance, productivity, and molding characteristics.
- the phenol resin molding material for sliding members which can shape
- Such a sliding member It is possible to provide a sliding member that is formed by molding a cured product of a phenol resin molding material for use, and that has excellent slidability and wear resistance while maintaining excellent heat resistance and mechanical strength. Therefore, the present invention has industrial applicability.
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Abstract
Description
(1) フェノール樹脂と、黒鉛と、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンと、球状をなすガラスビーズとを含有する摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料であって、
前記摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料中の前記フェノール樹脂の含有量は、15重量%以上50重量%以下であることを特徴とする摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料。
要件A: JIS R 1613(1993年規格)に規定のボールオンディスク式の摩擦・摩耗試験方法に準拠して、前記摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料を用いて円盤状に成形された摺動部材の上面に、円柱状の3本のピンを用いて、面圧P[MPa]の荷重を前記摺動部材の前記上面に対して垂直な方向に付与した状態で、前記摺動部材を周方向に周速V[m/sec]で回転させるピンオンディスク試験を行い、前記摺動部材の動摩擦係数を測定したとき、該動摩擦係数がPV=5.0の条件下で0.15以下となっている。
要件B: JIS K 7218(1986年規格)に規定のスラストシリンダー(鈴木)式の摩擦・摩耗試験方法に準拠して、前記摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料を用いて円盤状に成形された前記摺動部材の上面に、円筒状の1つのリングを用いて、面圧P[MPa]の荷重を前記摺動部材の前記上面に対して垂直な方向に付与した状態で、前記摺動部材を周方向に周速V[m/sec]で回転させ、前記摺動部材の動摩擦係数を測定したとき、該動摩擦係数がPV=0.5の条件下で0.25以下となっている。
まず、本発明の摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料について説明する。
フェノール樹脂は、得られる摺動部材の耐熱性を向上させるために、摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料に含まれる。
黒鉛は、得られる摺動部材の摺動性および耐摩耗性を向上させるために、摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料に含まれる。
ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)は、得られる摺動部材の摺動性および耐摩耗性を向上させるために、摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料に含まれる。
ガラスビーズは、粒子状(球状)をなし、得られる摺動部材の摺動性および耐摩耗性を向上させるために、摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料に含まれる。
また、摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料は、上述のフェノール樹脂、黒鉛、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンおよびガラスビーズに加えて、さらに、炭素繊維を含有することが好ましい。これにより、得られる摺動部材の機械的強度をより向上させることができる。
さらに、この摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料を成形する方法、すなわち、摺動部材を得る方法としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、射出成形法、移送成形法、圧縮成形法等の方法を用いることもできる。これらの中でも、特に、射出成形法を用いるのが好ましい。
以下のようにして試験片を製造した。
1.1 成形材料の作製
表1に示す原材料および配合量で予備混練した後、90℃の加熱ロールにより混練し、さらにその後、粉砕して、フェノール樹脂成形材料を得た。なお、表1における配合量は「質量部」を表す。
表1に示した原材料の詳細を以下に示す。
レゾール型フェノール樹脂:住友ベークライト社製、「PR-53529」
ノボラック型フェノール樹脂:住友ベークライト社製、「PR-51470」
なお、フェノール樹脂としては、ノボラック型フェノール樹脂とレゾール型フェノール樹脂とを質量比9:1で混合して用いた。
黒鉛:RANCO社製
PTFE:SOLVAY社製、「Polymist」、平均粒径20μm
ガラスビーズ:Potters社製、平均粒径10μm
その他:潤滑剤、可塑剤、顔料を用いた。
得られた成形材料を、温度175℃、圧力10MPa、硬化時間60秒の条件で射出成形した後、温度180℃、大気圧下、加熱時間8時間の条件でアフターベーキング処理を行い、下記形状の評価用試験片を得た。
曲げ試験用試験片形状:幅10mm×厚さ4mm×長さ80mm
前記1.1において摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料を調製する際の各構成原料の配合量を表1に示すように変更したこと以外は、前記実施例1と同様にして、実施例2、3の試験片を得た。
前記1.1において摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料を調製する際の各構成原料の配合量を表1に示すように変更したこと以外は、前記実施例1と同様にして、比較例1~4の試験片を得た。
2-1. 3ピンオンディスク式の摩擦・摩耗試験
(実施例1~3)
実施例1~3の試験片のそれぞれに対して、3ピンオンディスク式の摩擦・摩耗試験を行った。まず、炭素鋼(S45C)で構成される円柱状をなすピン(端面の面積=20mm2)を3本用意し、これらを、円盤状をなすピンホルダに固定した。
各実施例の試験片に代えて、比較例1~4の試験片を、それぞれ用いたこと以外は、前記各実施例と同様にして、比較例1~4の試験片のPV=5.0の条件下における動摩擦係数および摩耗量を測定した。
(実施例1~3)
実施例1~3の試験片のそれぞれに対して、スラストシリンダー(鈴木)式の摩擦・摩耗試験を行った。まず、炭素鋼(S45C)で構成される円筒状をなすリング(端面の面積=200mm2)を1つ用意し、これを、各実施例の試験片の上面に、配置した。
各実施例の試験片に代えて、比較例1~4の試験片を、それぞれ用いたこと以外は、前記各実施例と同様にして、比較例1~4の試験片のPV=0.5の条件下における動摩擦係数および摩耗量を測定した。
実施例1~3および比較例1~4の試験片について、それぞれテンシロンUCT-5C(オリエンテック社製)を用いて、曲げ強度および曲げ弾性(機械的特性)を測定した。
以上の摺動特性、および機械的特性(曲げ強度および曲げ弾性)の評価結果を表1に示す。
表1に示すように、各実施例の試験片では、PV=0.5の条件下における動摩擦係数が、0.25以下であり、さらに、PV=5.0の条件下における動摩擦係数が0.15以下となっている。この結果は、本発明の各実施例の試験片(摺動部材)が優れた摺動性を有していることを示している。
また、実施例1および2の試験片では、PV=0.5の条件下における摩耗量が2.5mg以下であり、さらに、PV=5.0の条件下における摩耗量が5.0mg以下となっている。この結果は、本発明の実施例1および2の試験片(摺動部材)が、特に優れた耐摩耗性を有していることを示している。
また、各実施例の試験片では、曲げ強度が150MPa以上であり、さらに、曲げ弾性が15GPa以上となっている。この結果は、各実施例の試験片(摺動部材)が、自動車等に使用される機構部品として、特に優れた機械的強度(機械特性)を有していることを示している。
Claims (10)
- フェノール樹脂と、黒鉛と、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンと、球状をなすガラスビーズとを含有する摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料であって、
前記摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料中の前記フェノール樹脂の含有量は、15重量%以上50重量%以下であることを特徴とする摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料。 - 前記ポリテトラフルオロエチレンの含有量は、前記フェノール樹脂100質量部に対して、3質量部以上15質量部以下である請求項1に記載の摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料。
- 前記ガラスビーズの平均粒径は、1μm以上50μm以下である請求項1または2に記載の摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料。
- 前記ガラスビーズのビッカース硬度(JIS Z 2244に規定)は、8.5GPa以下である請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料。
- 前記ガラスビーズの含有量は、前記フェノール樹脂100質量部に対して、10質量部以上50質量部以下である請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記載の摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料。
- 前記ポリテトラフルオロエチレンの数平均分子量は、10000以上10000000以下である請求項1ないし5のいずれか1項に記載の摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料。
- 前記摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料は、さらに、炭素繊維を含有する請求項1ないし6のいずれか1項に記載の摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料。
- 前記摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料は、下記要件Aを満足する請求項1ないし7のいずれか1項に記載の摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料。
要件A: JIS R 1613(1993年規格)に規定のボールオンディスク式の摩擦・摩耗試験方法に準拠して、前記摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料を用いて円盤状に成形された摺動部材の上面に、円柱状の3本のピンを用いて、面圧P[MPa]の荷重を前記摺動部材の前記上面に対して垂直な方向に付与した状態で、前記摺動部材を周方向に周速V[m/sec]で回転させるピンオンディスク試験を行い、前記摺動部材の動摩擦係数を測定したとき、該動摩擦係数がPV=5.0の条件下で0.15以下となっている。 - さらに、前記摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料は、下記要件Bを満足する請求項8に記載の摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料。
要件B: JIS K 7218(1986年規格)に規定のスラストシリンダー(鈴木)式の摩擦・摩耗試験方法に準拠して、前記摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料を用いて円盤状に成形された前記摺動部材の上面に、円筒状の1つのリングを用いて、面圧P[MPa]の荷重を前記摺動部材の前記上面に対して垂直な方向に付与した状態で、前記摺動部材を周方向に周速V[m/sec]で回転させ、前記摺動部材の動摩擦係数を測定したとき、該動摩擦係数がPV=0.5の条件下で0.25以下となっている。 - 請求項1ないし9のいずれか1項に記載の摺動部材用フェノール樹脂成形材料を成形してなること特徴する摺動部材。
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