WO2016072137A1 - ナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液、及びナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液 - Google Patents
ナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液、及びナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016072137A1 WO2016072137A1 PCT/JP2015/074653 JP2015074653W WO2016072137A1 WO 2016072137 A1 WO2016072137 A1 WO 2016072137A1 JP 2015074653 W JP2015074653 W JP 2015074653W WO 2016072137 A1 WO2016072137 A1 WO 2016072137A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/06—Processes using ultra-high pressure, e.g. for the formation of diamonds; Apparatus therefor, e.g. moulds or dies
- B01J3/08—Application of shock waves for chemical reactions or for modifying the crystal structure of substances
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82B—NANOSTRUCTURES FORMED BY MANIPULATION OF INDIVIDUAL ATOMS, MOLECULES, OR LIMITED COLLECTIONS OF ATOMS OR MOLECULES AS DISCRETE UNITS; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- B82B1/00—Nanostructures formed by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
- B82B1/008—Nanostructures not provided for in groups B82B1/001 - B82B1/007
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82B—NANOSTRUCTURES FORMED BY MANIPULATION OF INDIVIDUAL ATOMS, MOLECULES, OR LIMITED COLLECTIONS OF ATOMS OR MOLECULES AS DISCRETE UNITS; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- B82B3/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
- B82B3/0061—Methods for manipulating nanostructures
- B82B3/0076—Methods for manipulating nanostructures not provided for in groups B82B3/0066 - B82B3/0071
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/25—Diamond
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/25—Diamond
- C01B32/28—After-treatment, e.g. purification, irradiation, separation or recovery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/04—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/50—Agglomerated particles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/70—Nanostructure
- Y10S977/773—Nanoparticle, i.e. structure having three dimensions of 100 nm or less
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a purified detonation nanodiamond aggregate suspension and a nanodiamond single-digit nanodispersion.
- Nanodiamond particles have characteristics such as high mechanical strength, thermal conductivity, optical transparency, low refractive index, high electrical insulation, low dielectric constant, and low coefficient of friction. It is used as an abrasive, an insulating material for semiconductors and circuit boards. In addition, research on applications for glass replacement, electrical and electronic fields, energy fields, biomedical fields, and the like is also underway.
- Nano diamond particles are manufactured by static high pressure method or detonation method. Nanodiamond particles produced by detonation are refined by subjecting explosives obtained by detonating the explosive in a sealed state to chemical treatment, and then pulverizing with a disperser such as a bead mill or an ultrasonic homogenizer while dispersed in water. From the aqueous dispersion obtained in this manner, the water is removed by ultracentrifugation, concentration drying, freeze drying, spray dryer, or the like.
- a disperser such as a bead mill or an ultrasonic homogenizer
- Patent Document 1 an explosive nanodiamond agglomerated powder is dispersed in pure water, and the agglomerated structure is peptized by a bead mill, whereby a primary particle colloid of 5 to 6 nm in diameter [zeta potential: ⁇ 39.2 mV ( 25 ° C.)] (Example 1).
- the primary particle colloid (slurry) gradually aggregates when left for a long time at room temperature, and grows to an average particle size of 105 nm after several weeks (Example 1).
- Patent Document 2 a 10% aqueous slurry of detonated nanodiamond agglomerate is peptized by a bead mill to obtain a pure black transparent colloidal solution. When left for several hours, a soft gel is formed. Water is added to this gel. When the concentration was reduced to 2% and filtered through a 400 micron PTFE filter, a stable storage colloid mother liquor was obtained, and this colloidal solution had an order of magnitude of 4.6 ⁇ 0.7 nm. It is described that ultra-fine particles having a diameter accounted for an overwhelming proportion, and the remainder was a group of particles with a wide distribution width having a size of two-digit nanometers (Example 1). However, this fine nanodiamond dispersion has a low concentration.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a slurry [10 wt%, pH 10 (adjusted with aqueous ammonia)] using diamond particles produced by explosion method and subjected to pretreatment purification (average particle diameter D50: 89 nm), and ball mill After the dispersion treatment, the concentration was adjusted to obtain a fine diamond particle dispersion (2.0 wt%, pH 8), which was subjected to classification, and further purified water was added to add 1.0 wt% It is described that a diamond dispersion liquid [average particle diameter D50: 21.2 nm, zeta potential: ⁇ 40.5 mV (25 ° C.)] was obtained (Example 1). However, this fine diamond dispersion has a large nanodiamond particle size and a low concentration.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a nano-diamond single-digit nano-dispersed liquid excellent in dispersion stability even when the concentration is high, and a method for producing the same.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a purified nanodiamond aggregate suspension that is useful in obtaining a nanodiamond single-digit nanodispersion having excellent characteristics as described above. .
- the present invention is a suspension of detonated nanodiamond aggregates, and the suspension of nanodiamond aggregates satisfying the following conditions (1) or (2): Provide a suspension.
- the solid content concentration is preferably 4% by weight or more.
- the detonation nanodiamond aggregate is preferably an air-cooled detonation nanodiamond aggregate.
- the present invention also provides a nano-diamond single-digit nano-dispersion (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “single-digit nano-dispersion I”) obtained by crushing the suspension of the nano-diamond aggregate.
- single-digit nano-dispersion I a nano-diamond single-digit nano-dispersion obtained by crushing the suspension of the nano-diamond aggregate.
- the solid concentration is preferably 4% by weight or more.
- the present invention further provides a method for producing a nano-diamond single-digit nano-dispersion, which includes a step of crushing the suspension of nano-diamond aggregates.
- the present invention further provides a single-digit nanodiamond dispersion (hereinafter referred to as “one”) having a solid content concentration of 5.2% by weight or more and an electric conductivity per solid content concentration of 1% by weight of 300 ⁇ S / cm or less. Sometimes referred to as “girder nanodispersion II”).
- the solid content concentration is preferably 5.5% by weight or more.
- the pH is preferably 8 or more.
- the zeta potential (25 ° C.) of the nanodiamond particles is preferably ⁇ 42 mV or less.
- the single-digit nanodispersion II is preferably derived from diamond synthesized by an air-cooled detonation method.
- [7] A single-digit nanodiamond nanodispersion obtained by crushing a suspension of nanodiamond aggregates according to any one of [1] to [6] above.
- [8] The nanodiamond single-digit nanodispersion according to the above [7], wherein the solid content concentration is 4% by weight or more.
- a method for producing a nano-diamond single-digit nano-dispersion comprising a step of crushing a suspension of nano-diamond aggregates according to any one of [1] to [6] above.
- a nanodiamond single-digit nanodispersion having excellent dispersion stability can be easily obtained even by high crushing treatment.
- the nano-diamond single-digit nano-dispersed liquid of the present invention hardly aggregates even at a high concentration and is excellent in dispersion stability.
- the method for producing a nanodiamond single-digit nanodispersion of the present invention it is possible to easily produce a nanodiamond single-digit nanodispersion that is difficult to aggregate even at a high concentration and has excellent dispersion stability by a simple operation. .
- the suspension of nanodiamond aggregate of the present invention is a detonation nanodiamond aggregate suspension, and the pH and electrical conductivity of the suspension satisfy the following conditions (1) or (2): Satisfy.
- (1) At pH 4-7 electrical conductivity per solid content concentration of 1% by weight is 50 ⁇ S / cm or less.
- suspension of nanodiamond aggregate that satisfies the condition (1) may be referred to as “suspension A of nanodiamond aggregate”.
- a suspension of nanodiamond aggregate that satisfies the condition (2) may be referred to as “suspension B of nanodiamond aggregate”.
- Nano-diamond particles can be manufactured by using, for example, detonation method, flux method, static high-pressure method, high-temperature high-pressure method, etc. using elemental minerals made of carbon (for example, graphite) as a raw material.
- nanodiamond particles having an extremely small average particle diameter of primary particles can be obtained. Therefore, nanodiamonds produced by a detonation method (particularly, an oxygen-deficient detonation method) are used.
- the detonation method is a method in which a dynamic impact is applied by detonating explosives, and elemental minerals made of carbon are directly converted into particles having a diamond structure.
- the explosive is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include cyclotrimethylenetrinitroamine (RDX), cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine (HMX), trinitrotoluene (TNT), trinitrophenylmethylnitroamine, and tetranitric acid. Pentaerythritol, tetranitromethane, and mixtures thereof (eg, TNT / HMX, TNT / RDX, etc.) can be used.
- the present invention uses a detonation synthesized by an air-cooled detonation method as a raw material. It is particularly useful in cases.
- the air-cooled detonation nanodiamond and the water-cooled detonation nanodiamond differ in the type and amount of surface functional groups, the average primary particle diameter, and the like.
- air-cooled detonation nanodiamond Compared with water-cooled detonation nanodiamond, air-cooled detonation nanodiamond has an advantage of high wettability to water because it has many acidic functional groups and high hydrophilicity.
- the average primary particle size is 5 to 6 nm in the water-cooled detonation method, but is as small as 4 to 5 nm in the air-cooled detonation method.
- the strong acid used for the acid treatment is preferably a mineral acid, and examples thereof include hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and aqua regia. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Acid treatment is usually performed in water.
- the concentration of the strong acid (mineral acid or the like) in the acid treatment is, for example, 1 to 50% by weight, preferably 3 to 30% by weight, and more preferably 5 to 20% by weight.
- the acid treatment time is, for example, 0.1 to 24 hours, preferably 0.2 to 10 hours, and more preferably 0.3 to 5 hours.
- the acid treatment temperature is, for example, 70 to 150 ° C., preferably 90 to 130 ° C., more preferably 100 to 125 ° C.
- the acid treatment may be performed under reduced pressure, normal pressure, or increased pressure, but is preferably performed under normal pressure in terms of operability and equipment.
- the nanodiamond cage contains graphite.
- the nano diamond soot preferably, the nano diamond soot subjected to the acid treatment
- an oxidation treatment it is preferable to subject the nano diamond soot (preferably, the nano diamond soot subjected to the acid treatment) to an oxidation treatment.
- Examples of the oxidizing agent used in the oxidation treatment include concentrated nitric acid, fuming nitric acid, fuming sulfuric acid; chromic acid, chromic anhydride, dichromic acid, permanganic acid, perchloric acid, or salts thereof; and hydrogen peroxide. . These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, as the oxidizing agent, it is preferable to use at least one selected from the group consisting of chromic acid, chromic anhydride, dichromic acid, permanganic acid, perchloric acid or salts thereof, and hydrogen peroxide.
- the oxidation treatment is usually performed in a solvent.
- water is preferable.
- the concentration of the oxidizing agent in the oxidation treatment is, for example, 3 to 50% by weight, preferably 6 to 30% by weight.
- the amount of the oxidizing agent used is, for example, 300 to 5000 parts by weight, preferably 500 to 3000 parts by weight, and more preferably 800 to 2000 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of nanodiamond.
- the oxidation treatment is preferably performed in the presence of a mineral acid from the viewpoint of graphite removal efficiency.
- a mineral acid examples include those exemplified above.
- a preferred mineral acid is sulfuric acid.
- the concentration of the mineral acid is, for example, 5 to 80% by weight, preferably 10 to 70% by weight, and more preferably 20 to 60% by weight.
- the treatment time in the oxidation treatment is, for example, 1 hour or more (eg 1 to 24 hours), preferably 2 hours or more (eg 2 to 15 hours), more preferably 3 hours or more (eg 3 to 10 hours).
- the treatment temperature is, for example, 100 ° C. or higher (eg 100 to 200 ° C.), preferably 120 ° C. or higher (eg 120 to 180 ° C.), more preferably 130 ° C. or higher (eg 130 to 160 ° C.), particularly preferably 135. It is higher than or equal to ° C. (eg 135 to 150 ° C.).
- the oxidation treatment may be performed under reduced pressure, normal pressure, or increased pressure, but is preferably performed under normal pressure from the viewpoint of operability and facilities, and also when performed under increased pressure, 5 MPa or less is preferable. Therefore, the pressure is preferably 0.1 to 5 MPa, more preferably 0.1 to 1 MPa, and still more preferably 0.1 to 0.5 MPa.
- the nanodiamond particles obtained by subjecting the nanodiamond soot to acid treatment generally have a so-called aggregate structure in which a graphite layer settles and adheres to the nanodiamond primary particle surface, and the graphite layer entrains a plurality of primary particles. And exists as an aggregate (coagulum) showing a stronger aggregation state than van der Waals aggregation.
- nanodiamond particles obtained by subjecting the nanodiamond cocoon or the acid-treated product to an oxidation treatment generally exist as an aggregate in which nanodiamond primary particles aggregate between particles (van der Waals aggregation).
- nanodiamond aggregates In the present specification, the agglomerates and the van der Waals aggregates may be collectively referred to as “nanodiamond aggregates”.
- the D50 (median diameter) of the nanodiamond aggregate is usually 20 nm or more, and is generally in the range of 100 nm to 10 ⁇ m.
- nanodiamond particles (aggregates) can be obtained by washing with water (pure water, ion exchange water, etc.).
- the surface of the nanodiamond particles thus obtained usually has an acidic functional group such as a carboxyl group.
- the nanodiamond particles (aggregate) after the oxidation treatment with an alkaline solution (for example, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution), acidic functional groups (for example, carboxyl groups) on the surface of the nanodiamond particles are converted into salts (for example, Carboxylate).
- the concentration of alkali in the alkali treatment is, for example, 1 to 50% by weight, preferably 3 to 30% by weight, and more preferably 5 to 20% by weight.
- the temperature of the alkali treatment is, for example, 70 to 150 ° C., preferably 90 to 130 ° C., more preferably 100 to 125 ° C.
- the alkali treatment time is, for example, 0.1 to 24 hours, preferably 0.2 to 10 hours, and more preferably 0.3 to 5 hours.
- the surface of the nanodiamond particles can be made free acidic functional groups again by treating the alkali-treated nanodiamond particles with an acid (for example, hydrochloric acid).
- the acid treatment may be performed at room temperature or under heating.
- the nanodiamond aggregate after the oxidation treatment By subjecting the nanodiamond aggregate after the oxidation treatment, the nanodiamond aggregate after the oxidation treatment to an alkali treatment, or the one subjected to further acid treatment, by repeatedly washing with water, an electrolyte (NaCl, etc.) that is an impurity Can be removed. By removing the electrolyte, the dispersibility and dispersion stability of the nanodiamond can be improved.
- an electrolyte NaCl, etc.
- the detonation nanodiamond aggregate suspension is a nanodiamond (aggregate) obtained by the above method (at least part of the acidic functional groups on the surface may form a salt, Further, it may be subjected to a classification treatment if necessary) and suspended in a dispersion medium.
- the dispersion medium include water; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and ethylene glycol; ketones such as acetone; polar organic solvents such as lactams and amides such as N-methylpyrrolidone; and mixed solvents thereof.
- a dispersion medium containing at least water for example, containing 50% by weight or more of water is preferable, and water is particularly preferable.
- the pH of the suspension A of nanodiamond aggregate is 4-7.
- the pH of the suspension A of nanodiamond aggregates is preferably 4 to 6, and more preferably 4.1 to 5.5.
- the electrical conductivity per 1% by weight of the solid content concentration (the concentration of nanodiamond) of the suspension A of nanodiamond aggregate is 50 ⁇ S / cm or less.
- the electrical conductivity per 1% by weight of the solid content concentration of the suspension A of the nanodiamond aggregate is preferably 30 ⁇ S / cm or less, more preferably 20 ⁇ S / cm or less, and particularly preferably 10 ⁇ S / cm or less.
- the electrical conductivity per 1% by weight of the solid content of the suspension A of nanodiamond aggregates is preferably low.
- the lower limit of the electrical conductivity may be about 0.5 ⁇ S / cm.
- the pH of the suspension of nanodiamond aggregate is less than 4 or more than 7 and less than 9.5, and even when the pH is in the range of 4 to 7, the electrical conductivity per 1% by weight of the solid content concentration is When it exceeds 50 ⁇ S / cm, it becomes difficult to obtain a nano-diamond single-digit nano-dispersed liquid excellent in dispersion stability even at a high concentration.
- the pH of the suspension B of nanodiamond aggregate is 8 to 10.5.
- the pH of the suspension B of nanodiamond aggregates is preferably 9 to 10.3, more preferably 9.5 to 10.2.
- the electrical conductivity per 1% by weight of the solid content concentration of the suspension B of nanodiamond aggregate is 300 ⁇ S / cm or less.
- the electric conductivity per 1% by weight of the solid content of the suspension B of the nanodiamond aggregate is preferably 200 ⁇ S / cm or less, more preferably 150 ⁇ S / cm or less, and particularly preferably 100 ⁇ S / cm or less.
- the electrical conductivity per 1% by weight of the solid content of the suspension B of nanodiamond aggregate is preferably low.
- the lower limit of the electrical conductivity may be about 5 ⁇ S / cm.
- the pH of the suspension of nanodiamond aggregates is more than 7 and less than 8 or more than 10.5, and even when the pH is in the range of 8 to 10.5, the electric conductivity per 1% by weight of the solid content concentration Is more than 300 ⁇ S / cm, it becomes difficult to obtain a nano-diamond single-digit nano-dispersion having excellent dispersion stability even at a high concentration.
- the suspension A of the nanodiamond aggregate in the case of (1) is, for example, treating the suspension of the nanodiamond aggregate after the treatment with the strong acid or the like with an alkali such as an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (preferably Heat treatment), and after removing the supernatant, preferably by decantation, etc., adjust the pH by adding acid such as hydrochloric acid, adjust the electrical conductivity by repeating washing with water, ultrapure water, etc. if necessary It can manufacture by adding to and adjusting to a predetermined density
- concentration By increasing the number of times of water washing and the amount of water used for water washing, the ionic component can be more completely removed and the electrical conductivity can be lowered.
- the suspension B of nanodiamond aggregates in the case of (2) above is obtained by treating the suspension of nanodiamond aggregates after the treatment with the strong acid or the like with an alkali such as an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (
- an alkali such as an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution
- it can be manufactured by adjusting the pH and electrical conductivity by repeating the washing with water while maintaining the alkalinity, and adjusting to a predetermined concentration by adding ultrapure water or the like as necessary.
- the pH and electrical conductivity can be adjusted to desired values depending on the number of times of water washing and the amount of water used for water washing.
- the solid content concentration is 4% by weight or more (for example, from the viewpoint of obtaining a single-digit nanodiamond dispersion liquid having a high concentration by dispersion treatment) 4 to 20% by weight) is preferable, more preferably 5.5% by weight or more (for example, 5.5 to 15% by weight), and still more preferably 7% by weight or more (for example, 7 to 12% by weight).
- the nano-diamond single-digit nano-dispersion of the present invention (single-digit nano-dispersion I) is obtained by subjecting the suspension of the nano-diamond aggregate of the present invention to a crushing treatment (hereinafter sometimes referred to as dispersion treatment). This is a dispersion obtained.
- the nano-diamond single-digit nano-dispersion is a dispersion in which diamond is dispersed in single-digit nano-size, and more specifically, a dispersion in which D50 of diamond particles in the dispersion is 1 to 9 nm.
- “disintegration” is used in a broad sense including peptization.
- This single-digit nano-dispersion I is characterized by excellent dispersion stability even when the solid content concentration is high.
- the solid content concentration in the single-digit nano-dispersion I is, for example, 4% by weight or more (for example, 4 to 15% by weight).
- the dispersion treatment can be performed, for example, by using a dispersing machine such as a high shear mixer, a high shear mixer, a homomixer, a ball mill, a bead mill, a high pressure homogenizer, an ultrasonic homogenizer, a colloid mill, or a wet jet mill.
- a dispersing machine such as a high shear mixer, a high shear mixer, a homomixer, a ball mill, a bead mill, a high pressure homogenizer, an ultrasonic homogenizer, a colloid mill, or a wet jet mill.
- a dispersing machine such as a high shear mixer, a high shear mixer, a homomixer, a ball mill, a bead mill, a high pressure homogenizer, an ultrasonic homogenizer, a colloid mill, or a wet jet mill.
- the method of dispersing using a bead mill or an ultrasonic homogenizer is preferable
- the pH of the suspension is 8 or more (for example, 8 to 12), preferably 9 or more (for example, from the viewpoint of improving dispersibility and dispersion stability). 9 to 11), more preferably 9.5 to 10.5.
- a classification process may be performed as necessary.
- the present invention also has a solid content concentration (concentration of nanodiamond) of 5.2% by weight or more (for example, 5.2 to 15% by weight), and an electric conductivity per 1% by weight of the solid content of 300 ⁇ S /
- a nano-diamond single-digit dispersion (single-digit nano-dispersion II) having a size of cm or less (for example, 50 to 300 ⁇ S / cm) is provided.
- Such a nanodiamond single-digit nanodispersion can be easily produced by subjecting the suspension of the nanodiamond aggregate of the present invention to a dispersion treatment.
- the nano-diamond single-digit nano-dispersion (single-digit nano-dispersion II) is characterized by excellent dispersion stability even when the solid concentration is high.
- D50 of the nano-diamond particles is, for example, 3.5 to 9 nm, preferably 4 to 7 nm.
- the dispersion medium for the dispersion examples include those exemplified as the dispersion medium for the detonation nanodiamond aggregate suspension.
- a dispersion medium containing at least water for example, containing 50% by weight or more of water is preferable, and water is particularly preferable.
- the solid concentration is preferably 5.5% by weight or more (for example, 5.5 to 12% by weight). ), More preferably 6% by weight or more (for example, 6 to 10% by weight).
- the electrical conductivity per 1% by weight of the solid content is preferably 250 ⁇ S / cm or less (for example, 120 to 250 ⁇ S / cm), more preferably 210 ⁇ S / cm or less (for example, 160 to 210 ⁇ S / cm).
- the pH of the nanodiamond single-digit nanodispersion of the present invention is preferably 8 or more (for example, 8 to 12) from the viewpoint of dispersion stability. It is preferably 8.3 or more (for example, 8.3 to 11), more preferably 8.6 or more (for example, 8.6 to 10).
- the zeta potential (25 ° C.) of the nanodiamond particles in the nanodiamond single-digit nanodispersion of the present invention is, for example, ⁇ It is 30 mV or less (for example, ⁇ 70 mV to ⁇ 30 mV), preferably ⁇ 42 mV or less (for example, ⁇ 65 mV to ⁇ 42 mV), more preferably ⁇ 45 mV or less (for example, ⁇ 60 mV to ⁇ 45 mV).
- the zeta potential of the nanodiamond particles in the nanodiamond single-digit nanodispersion is a value measured for a nanodiamond single-digit nanodispersion having a nanodiamond concentration of 0.2% by weight and 25 ° C.
- ultrapure water is used as the diluent.
- the nano-diamond single-digit nano-dispersion (single-digit nano-dispersion I, single-digit nano-dispersion II) of the present invention is preferably derived from diamond synthesized by an air-cooled detonation method.
- the physical properties of the suspension, dispersion, and nanodiamond were measured by the following method.
- the solid content of the suspension or dispersion was determined by heating 3 to 5 g of a precisely weighed liquid to 100 ° C. or higher to evaporate water, and accurately weighing the dried product with a precision balance.
- the D50 of the nanodiamond particles and the zeta potential (25 ° C .; concentration 0.2% by weight) of the nanodiamond particles in the dispersion are the trade name “Zetasizer Nano ZS” manufactured by Spectris, Inc. [D50: Dynamic Light Scattering Method (non-contact backscattering method), zeta potential: laser Doppler electrophoresis method].
- Preparation Example 1 (Oxidation treatment of air-cooled detonation nanodiamond) 200 g of air-cooled detonation nanodiamond cocoon (manufactured by Czech ALIT) having a primary particle size of 4-6 nm was weighed, 2 L of 10% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution was added, and heat treatment was performed under reflux for 1 hour. . After cooling, washing with water was carried out by decantation, and washing was performed until the pH of the precipitate became 2, and the supernatant was removed as much as possible. Next, 2 L of a 60% sulfuric acid aqueous solution and 2 L of a 50% aqueous chromic acid solution were added to the precipitate, and then heat treatment was performed under reflux for 5 hours. After cooling, washing with water was carried out by decantation, and washing was performed until the coloring of the supernatant disappeared, and the supernatant was removed as much as possible. D50 of the nano diamond aggregate obtained by this oxidation treatment was 2 ⁇ m.
- Example 1 (dispersion pretreatment of air-cooled detonation nanodiamond-1) 1 L of a 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added to the precipitate obtained in Preparation Example 1, followed by heat treatment under reflux for 1 hour. After cooling, the supernatant was removed by decantation, and 6N hydrochloric acid was added to adjust the pH to 2.5, followed by washing with water by centrifugal sedimentation. Ultrapure water was added to the final centrifugal precipitate to adjust the solid content concentration to 8%. The electric conductivity in this state was 64 ⁇ S / cm, and the pH was 4.3.
- Example 2 (dispersion pretreatment of air-cooled detonation nanodiamond-2) 1 L of a 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added to the precipitate obtained in Preparation Example 1, followed by heat treatment under reflux for 1 hour. After cooling, it was washed with water until the pH became 10 by centrifugal sedimentation while remaining alkaline. Ultrapure water was added to the final centrifugal precipitate to adjust the solid content concentration to 8%. The electric conductivity in this state was 400 ⁇ S / cm, and the pH was 10.3.
- Example 3 (dispersion pretreatment-3 of air-cooled detonation nanodiamond) 1 L of a 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added to the precipitate obtained in Preparation Example 1, followed by heat treatment under reflux for 1 hour. After cooling, the supernatant was removed by decantation, and hydrochloric acid was added to adjust the pH to 2.5, followed by washing with an ultrafiltration membrane. Ultrapure water was added to the final concentrated solution to adjust the solid concentration to 8%. The electric conductivity in this state was 50 ⁇ S / cm, and the pH was 5.2.
- Example 4 (dispersion pretreatment of air-cooled detonation nanodiamond-4) 1 L of a 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added to the precipitate obtained in Preparation Example 1, followed by heat treatment under reflux for 1 hour. After cooling, it was washed with water until it became pH 10 with an ultrafiltration membrane while remaining alkaline. Ultrapure water was added to the final concentrated solution to adjust the solid concentration to 8%. The electric conductivity in this state was 511 ⁇ S / cm and the pH was 9.8.
- Example 5 (single-digit nanodispersion-1 of air-cooled detonation nanodiamond) Dispersion using an ultrasonic homogenizer was performed using the pre-dispersion slurry obtained in Example 1 and Example 3.
- the apparatus used was UH-300 manufactured by SMT.
- a standard horn was immersed in a solution in which pH was adjusted to 10 using sodium hydroxide for each slurry of Example 1 and Example 3, and ultrasonic waves were irradiated for 30 minutes. After irradiation, coarse particles were removed by a classification operation by centrifugation to obtain an air-cooled detonation nanodiamond dispersion.
- the solid content concentration of the dispersion obtained from Example 1 was 6.4%, the D50 of the nanodiamond particles was 8.7 nm, the electrical conductivity was 1,260 ⁇ S / cm, the pH was 8.67, and the zeta of the nanodiamond particles.
- the potential (25 ° C .; concentration 0.2% by weight) was ⁇ 47 mV.
- the solid content concentration of the dispersion obtained from Example 3 is 6.2%, the D50 of the nanodiamond particles is 7.4 nm, the electric conductivity is 1,230 ⁇ S / cm, the pH is 8.55, and the zeta of the nanodiamond particles.
- the potential (25 ° C .; concentration 0.2% by weight) was ⁇ 48 mV.
- Example 6 single-digit nano-dispersion of air-cooled detonation nanodiamond-2
- the same operation as in Example 5 was performed except that pH adjustment was not performed, to obtain an air-cooled detonation nanodiamond dispersion.
- the solid content concentration of the dispersion obtained from Example 2 was 6.6%
- the D50 of the nanodiamond particles was 6.8 nm
- the electrical conductivity was 1,250 ⁇ S / cm
- the pH was 9.04
- the zeta of the nanodiamond particles The potential (25 ° C .; concentration 0.2% by weight) was ⁇ 48 mV.
- the solid content concentration of the dispersion obtained from Example 4 was 6.4%, the D50 of the nanodiamond particles was 6.4 nm, the electrical conductivity was 1,280 ⁇ S / cm, the pH was 9.12, the zeta of the nanodiamond particles The potential (25 ° C .; concentration 0.2% by weight) was ⁇ 47 mV.
- Example 7 (single-digit nanodispersion-3 of air-cooled detonation nanodiamond) Using the pre-dispersion slurry obtained in Example 1 and Example 3, bead mill dispersion was performed.
- Ultra Apex Mill UAM-015 manufactured by Kotobuki Industries Co., Ltd. was used as the apparatus. After filling pulverization media with zirconia beads having a diameter of 0.03 mm to 60% of the volume of the pulverization vessel, 300 mL of each slurry of Example 1 and Example 3 adjusted to pH 10 was circulated at a flow rate of 10 L / h. The peripheral speed was set to 10 m / s, and crushing was performed for 90 minutes.
- the crushed liquid was collected, and coarse particles were removed by a classification operation by centrifugation to obtain an air-cooled detonation nanodiamond dispersion.
- the solid content concentration of the dispersion obtained from Example 1 was 7.4%
- the D50 of the nanodiamond particles was 5.4 nm
- the electrical conductivity was 1,410 ⁇ S / cm
- the pH was 9.14
- the nanodiamond particle zeta The potential (25 ° C .; concentration 0.2% by weight) was ⁇ 49 mV.
- the solid content concentration of the dispersion obtained from Example 3 was 7.2%, the D50 of the nanodiamond particles was 5.8 nm, the electrical conductivity was 1,380 ⁇ S / cm, the pH was 9.05, and the zeta of the nanodiamond particles.
- the potential 25 ° C .; concentration 0.2% by weight was ⁇ 48 mV.
- Example 8 single-digit nano-dispersion of air-cooled detonation nanodiamond-4.
- bead mill dispersion was performed. Except that the pH was not adjusted, the same operation as in Example 7 was performed to obtain an air-cooled detonation nanodiamond dispersion.
- the solid content concentration of the dispersion obtained from Example 2 was 7.3%
- the D50 of the nanodiamond particles was 5.2 nm
- the electrical conductivity was 1,320 ⁇ S / cm
- the pH was 8.78
- the zeta of the nanodiamond particles The potential (25 ° C .; concentration 0.2% by weight) was ⁇ 48 mV.
- the solid content concentration of the dispersion obtained from Example 3 was 7.2%, the D50 of the nanodiamond particles was 5.5 nm, the electrical conductivity was 1,350 ⁇ S / cm, the pH was 9.07, and the zeta of the nanodiamond particles.
- the potential 25 ° C .; concentration 0.2% by weight was ⁇ 48 mV.
- Comparative Example 1 1 L of a 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added to the precipitate obtained in Preparation Example 1, followed by heat treatment under reflux for 1 hour. After cooling, the supernatant is removed by decantation, hydrochloric acid is added to adjust the pH to 2.5, and then water washing is performed by centrifugal sedimentation. The solid content concentration is 8% and the electric conductivity becomes 800 ⁇ S / cm. At that time, the washing was finished. Using the obtained slurry, a dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5. The solid content concentration of the dispersion was 1.2%, and the particle diameter was measured. As a result, the D50 of the nanodiamond particles was 22 nm. When the dispersion treatment was performed in a state where the electrical conductivity was high, only a part of the nanodiamond was dispersed (there are many coarse particles), and the primary particles were not dispersed.
- Comparative Example 2 1 L of a 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added to the precipitate obtained in Preparation Example 1, followed by heat treatment under reflux for 1 hour. After cooling, it was washed with water until the pH was 11 by centrifugal sedimentation while remaining alkaline. Ultrapure water was added to the final centrifugal precipitate to adjust the solid content concentration to 8%. The electric conductivity in this state was 2,000 ⁇ S / cm. Using the obtained slurry, a dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5. The solid content concentration of the dispersion was 2.2%, and the particle diameter was measured. As a result, the D50 of the nanodiamond particles was 25 nm. When the dispersion treatment was performed in a state where the electrical conductivity was high, only a part of the nanodiamond was dispersed (there are many coarse particles), and the primary particles were not dispersed.
- dispersion stability The dispersion stability of the dispersions obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples was evaluated by the following method. One month after the date of preparation of the dispersion, D50 of the nanodiamond particles was measured. As a result, the dispersion liquid of the example was the same as D50 of the nanodiamond particles immediately after preparation of the dispersion liquid, and there was no change. On the other hand, the dispersion liquid of the comparative example aggregated to form a precipitate and was clearly not nano-sized and dispersed.
- nanodiamond aggregates of the present invention From the suspension of nanodiamond aggregates of the present invention, a single-digit nanodiamond dispersion having excellent dispersion stability can be easily obtained even at a high concentration.
- the nano-diamond single-digit nano-dispersed liquid of the present invention hardly aggregates even at a high concentration and is excellent in dispersion stability.
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Abstract
Description
また、本発明の他の目的は、上記のような優れた特性を有するナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液を得る上で有用な、精製されたナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液を提供することにある。
(1)pH4~7で、固形分濃度1重量%あたりの電気伝導度が50μS/cm以下である
(2)pH8~10.5で、固形分濃度1重量%あたりの電気伝導度が300μS/cm以下である
[1]爆轟法ナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液であって、懸濁液のpH及び電気伝導度が下記(1)又は(2)の条件を充足するナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液。
(1)pH4~7で、固形分濃度1重量%あたりの電気伝導度が50μS/cm以下である
(2)pH8~10.5で、固形分濃度1重量%あたりの電気伝導度が300μS/cm以下である
[2]固形分濃度が4重量%以上である上記[1]記載のナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液。
[3]爆轟法ナノダイヤモンド凝集体が空冷爆轟法ナノダイヤモンド凝集体である上記[1]又は[2]記載のナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液。
[4]爆轟法ナノダイヤモンド凝集体が爆轟法で生成したナノダイヤモンド粒子を酸処理及び/又は酸化処理に付したものである上記[1]~[3]のいずれか1に記載のナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液。
[5]前記ナノダイヤモンド凝集体のD50が20nm~10μmである上記[1]~[4]のいずれか1に記載のナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液。
[6]懸濁液の分散媒が水を50重量%以上含む水性溶媒である上記[1]~[5]のいずれか1に記載のナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液。
[7]上記[1]~[6]のいずれか1に記載のナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液を解砕して得られるナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液。
[8]固形分濃度が4重量%以上である上記[7]記載のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液。
[9]ナノダイヤモンド粒子のD50が3.5~9nmである上記[7]又は[8]記載のナノダイヤモンド一桁分散液。
[10]分散液の分散媒が水を50重量%以上含む水性溶媒である上記[7]~[9]のいずれか1に記載のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液。
[11]上記[1]~[6]のいずれか1に記載のナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液を解砕する工程を含むナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液の製造方法。
[12]ナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液のpHを8以上とした状態で該懸濁液を解砕処理に付す上記[11]記載のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液の製造方法。
[13]ナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液の解砕処理をビーズミル又は超音波を用いて行う上記[11]又は[12]記載のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液の製造方法。
[14]固形分濃度が5.2重量%以上で、且つ固形分濃度1重量%あたりの電気伝導度が300μS/cm以下であるナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液。
[15]固形分濃度が5.5重量%以上である上記[14]記載のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液。
[16]pHが8以上である上記[14]又は[15]記載のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液。
[17]ナノダイヤモンド粒子のゼータ電位(25℃)が-42mV以下である上記[14]~[16]のいずれか1に記載のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液。
[18]空冷爆轟法で合成されたダイヤモンド由来の上記[14]~[17]のいずれか1に記載のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液。
[19]ナノダイヤモンド粒子のD50が3.5~9nmである上記[14]~[18]のいずれか1に記載のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液。
[20]分散液の分散媒が水を50重量%以上含む水性溶媒である上記[14]~[19]のいずれか1に記載のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液。
本発明のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液は、高い濃度であっても凝集しにくく、分散安定性に優れる。
本発明のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液の製造方法によれば、高い濃度であっても凝集しにくい分散安定性に優れるナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液を簡易な操作で容易に製造することができる。
本発明のナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液は、爆轟法ナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液であって、該懸濁液のpH及び電気伝導度が下記(1)又は(2)の条件を充足する。
(1)pH4~7で、固形分濃度1重量%あたりの電気伝導度が50μS/cm以下である
(2)pH8~10.5で、固形分濃度1重量%あたりの電気伝導度が300μS/cm以下である
本発明のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液(一桁ナノ分散液I)は、上記本発明のナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液を解砕処理(以下、分散処理と称する場合がある)に付して得られる分散液である。ナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液とは、ダイヤモンドが一桁ナノサイズに分散した分散液であり、より具体的には、分散液中のダイヤモンド粒子のD50が1~9nmである分散液である。なお、本発明では、「解砕」を解膠をも含めた広い意味に用いる。この一桁ナノ分散液Iは、固形分濃度が高くても、分散安定性に優れるという特徴を有する。一桁ナノ分散液Iにおける固形分濃度は、例えば、4重量%以上(例えば、4~15重量%)である。
懸濁液、分散液のpHの測定は、HORIBA社製の商品名「pH METER D-51」を用いて行った。
懸濁液、分散液の電気伝導度の測定は、HORIBA社製の商品名「LAQUAtwin」を用いて行った。
懸濁液、分散液の固形分は、正確に秤量した3~5gの液を100℃以上に加熱して水分を蒸発させ、乾燥物を精密天秤により正確に秤量して求めた。
ナノダイヤモンド粒子のD50、及び、分散液中のナノダイヤモンド粒子のゼータ電位(25℃;濃度0.2重量%)は、スペクトリス社製の商品名「ゼータサイザー ナノZS」[D50:動的光散乱法(非接触後方散乱法)、ゼータ電位:レーザードップラー式電気泳動法]により求めた。
ナノダイヤモンドの一次粒子径が4-6nmである空冷式爆轟ナノダイヤモンド煤(チェコ ALIT社製)を200g秤量し、10%塩酸水溶液2Lを加えた後、還流下で1時間加熱処理を行った。冷却後、デカンテーションにより水洗を行い、沈殿液のpHが2になるまで洗浄を行い、上澄みをできるだけ除いた。
次に、その沈殿液に、60%硫酸水溶液2L、50%クロム酸水溶液を2L加えた後、還流下で5時間加熱処理を行った。冷却後、デカンテーションにより水洗を行い、上澄みの着色が消えるまで洗浄を行い、上澄みをできるだけ除いた。この酸化処理で得られたナノダイヤモンド凝集体のD50は2μmであった。
調製例1で得られた沈殿液に、10%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を1L加えた後、還流下で1時間加熱処理を行った。冷却後、デカンテーションにより上澄みを除いた後、6N塩酸を加えてpHを2.5に調整した後、遠心沈降法により水洗を行った。最終の遠心沈殿物に超純水を加えて、固形分濃度が8%になるように調整した。この状態での電気伝導度は64μS/cm、pHは4.3であった。
調製例1で得られた沈殿液に、10%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を1L加えた後、還流下で1時間加熱処理を行った。冷却後、アルカリ性のまま遠心沈降法によりpHが10になるまで水洗を行った。最終の遠心沈殿物に超純水を加えて、固形分濃度が8%になるように調整した。この状態での電気伝導度は400μS/cm、pHは10.3であった。
調製例1で得られた沈殿液に、10%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を1L加えた後、還流下で1時間加熱処理を行った。冷却後、デカンテーションにより上澄みを除いた後、塩酸を加えてpHを2.5に調整した後、限外ろ過膜により水洗を行った。最終濃縮液に超純水を加えて、固形分濃度が8%になるように調整した。この状態での電気伝導度は50μS/cm、pHは5.2であった。
調製例1で得られた沈殿液に、10%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を1L加えた後、還流下で1時間加熱処理を行った。冷却後、アルカリ性のまま限外ろ過膜によりpH10になるまで水洗を行った。最終濃縮液に超純水を加えて、固形分濃度が8%になるように調整した。この状態での電気伝導度は511μS/cm、pHは9.8であった。
実施例1、実施例3で得られた分散前スラリーを用いて、超音波ホモジナイザーによる分散を行った。装置は、SMT製UH-300を使用した。実施例1および実施例3の各スラリーに水酸化ナトリウムを用いてpHを10に調整した液に、標準ホーンを浸漬させて超音波を30分間照射した。照射後、遠心分離による分級操作で粗大粒子を除去して、空冷爆轟ナノダイヤモンド分散液を得た。実施例1から得られた分散液の固形分濃度は6.4%、ナノダイヤモンド粒子のD50は8.7nm、電気伝導度は1,260μS/cm、pHは8.67、ナノダイヤモンド粒子のゼータ電位(25℃;濃度0.2重量%)は-47mVであった。実施例3から得られた分散液の固形分濃度は6.2%、ナノダイヤモンド粒子のD50は7.4nm、電気伝導度は1,230μS/cm、pHは8.55、ナノダイヤモンド粒子のゼータ電位(25℃;濃度0.2重量%)は-48mVであった。
実施例2、実施例4で得られた分散前スラリーを用いて、pH調整を行わなかった以外は実施例5と同様の操作を行い、空冷爆轟ナノダイヤモンド分散液を得た。実施例2から得られた分散液の固形分濃度は6.6%、ナノダイヤモンド粒子のD50は6.8nm、電気伝導度は1,250μS/cm、pHは9.04、ナノダイヤモンド粒子のゼータ電位(25℃;濃度0.2重量%)は-48mVであった。実施例4から得られた分散液の固形分濃度は6.4%、ナノダイヤモンド粒子のD50は6.4nm、電気伝導度は1,280μS/cm、pHは9.12、ナノダイヤモンド粒子のゼータ電位(25℃;濃度0.2重量%)は-47mVであった。
実施例1、実施例3で得られた分散前スラリーを用いて、ビーズミル分散を行った。装置は、寿工業株式会社製ウルトラアペックスミルUAM-015を使用した。解砕メディアである直径0.03mmのジルコニアビーズを粉砕容器体積の60%まで充填した後、pHを10に調整した実施例1及び実施例3の各スラリー300mLを流速10L/hで循環させ、周速を10m/sに設定して90分間の解砕を行った。解砕液を回収し、遠心分離による分級操作で粗大粒子を除去して、空冷爆轟ナノダイヤモンド分散液を得た。実施例1から得られた分散液の固形分濃度は7.4%、ナノダイヤモンド粒子のD50は5.4nm、電気伝導度は1,410μS/cm、pHは9.14、ナノダイヤモンド粒子のゼータ電位(25℃;濃度0.2重量%)は-49mVであった。実施例3から得られた分散液の固形分濃度は7.2%、ナノダイヤモンド粒子のD50は5.8nm、電気伝導度は1,380μS/cm、pHは9.05、ナノダイヤモンド粒子のゼータ電位(25℃;濃度0.2重量%)は-48mVであった。
実施例2、実施例4で得られた分散前スラリーを用いて、ビーズミル分散を行った。pHを調整しなかった以外は、実施例7と同様の操作を行い、空冷爆轟ナノダイヤモンド分散液を得た。実施例2から得られた分散液の固形分濃度は7.3%、ナノダイヤモンド粒子のD50は5.2nm、電気伝導度は1,320μS/cm、pHは8.78、ナノダイヤモンド粒子のゼータ電位(25℃;濃度0.2重量%)は-48mVであった。実施例3から得られた分散液の固形分濃度は7.2%、ナノダイヤモンド粒子のD50は5.5nm、電気伝導度は1,350μS/cm、pHは9.07、ナノダイヤモンド粒子のゼータ電位(25℃;濃度0.2重量%)は-48mVであった。
調製例1で得られた沈殿液に、10%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を1L加えた後、還流下で1時間加熱処理を行った。冷却後、デカンテーションにより上澄みを除いた後、塩酸を加えてpHを2.5に調整した後、遠心沈降法により水洗を行い、固形分濃度が8%で電気伝導度が800μS/cmになった時点で洗浄を終了した。得られたスラリーを用いて、実施例5と同様の操作で分散液を得た。分散液の固形分濃度は1.2%、粒子径を測定した結果、ナノダイヤモンド粒子のD50は22nmであった。電気伝導度が高い状態で分散処理すると、ナノダイヤモンドが一部しか分散しない(粗大粒子が多い)上、一次粒子で分散しなかった。
調製例1で得られた沈殿液に、10%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を1L加えた後、還流下で1時間加熱処理を行った。冷却後、アルカリ性のまま遠心沈降法によりpHが11になるまで水洗を行った。最終の遠心沈殿物に超純水を加えて、固形分濃度が8%になるように調整した。この状態での電気伝導度は2,000μS/cmだった。得られたスラリーを用いて、実施例5と同様の操作で分散液を得た。分散液の固形分濃度は2.2%、粒子径を測定した結果、ナノダイヤモンド粒子のD50は25nmであった。電気伝導度が高い状態で分散処理すると、ナノダイヤモンドが一部しか分散しない(粗大粒子が多い)上、一次粒子で分散しなかった。
実施例及び比較例で得られた分散液の分散安定性を以下の方法で評価した。
分散液を調製した日より1ヶ月後にナノダイヤモンド粒子のD50を測定した。その結果、実施例の分散液は、分散液調製直後のナノダイヤモンド粒子のD50と同じで変化がなかった。これに対し、比較例の分散液は、凝集して沈殿を形成しており、明らかにナノサイズで分散していなかった。
本発明のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液は、高い濃度であっても凝集しにくく、分散安定性に優れる。
Claims (13)
- 爆轟法ナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液であって、懸濁液のpH及び電気伝導度が下記(1)又は(2)の条件を充足するナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液。
(1)pH4~7で、固形分濃度1重量%あたりの電気伝導度が50μS/cm以下である
(2)pH8~10.5で、固形分濃度1重量%あたりの電気伝導度が300μS/cm以下である - 固形分濃度が4重量%以上である請求項1記載のナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液。
- 爆轟法ナノダイヤモンド凝集体が空冷爆轟法ナノダイヤモンド凝集体である請求項1又は2記載のナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液を解砕して得られるナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液。
- 固形分濃度が4重量%以上である請求項4記載のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液を解砕する工程を含むナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液の製造方法。
- ナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液のpHを8以上とした状態で該懸濁液を解砕処理に付す請求項6記載のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液の製造方法。
- ナノダイヤモンド凝集体の懸濁液の解砕処理をビーズミル又は超音波を用いて行う請求項6又は7記載のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液の製造方法。
- 固形分濃度が5.2重量%以上で、且つ固形分濃度1重量%あたりの電気伝導度が300μS/cm以下であるナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液。
- 固形分濃度が5.5重量%以上である請求項9記載のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液。
- pHが8以上である請求項9又は10記載のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液。
- ナノダイヤモンド粒子のゼータ電位(25℃)が-42mV以下である請求項9~11のいずれか1項に記載のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液。
- 空冷爆轟法で合成されたダイヤモンド由来の請求項9~12のいずれか1項に記載のナノダイヤモンド一桁ナノ分散液。
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JP2018070411A (ja) * | 2016-10-28 | 2018-05-10 | 株式会社ダイセル | ナノダイヤモンド有機溶媒分散液、及びナノダイヤモンド有機溶媒分散液の製造方法 |
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