WO2016031739A1 - センサ基板、リード付きセンサ基板およびセンサ装置 - Google Patents
センサ基板、リード付きセンサ基板およびセンサ装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016031739A1 WO2016031739A1 PCT/JP2015/073637 JP2015073637W WO2016031739A1 WO 2016031739 A1 WO2016031739 A1 WO 2016031739A1 JP 2015073637 W JP2015073637 W JP 2015073637W WO 2016031739 A1 WO2016031739 A1 WO 2016031739A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- detection electrode
- metal material
- sensor substrate
- connection pad
- sensor
- Prior art date
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 184
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
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- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N15/0606—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by collecting particles on a support
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N15/0656—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions using electric, e.g. electrostatic methods or magnetic methods
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/10—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame
- G01M15/102—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame by monitoring exhaust gases
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N2015/0042—Investigating dispersion of solids
- G01N2015/0046—Investigating dispersion of solids in gas, e.g. smoke
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sensor substrate having a detection electrode, a sensor substrate with leads, and a sensor device.
- a sensor substrate used for an exhaust gas sensor or the like a sensor substrate including an insulating substrate made of a ceramic sintered body such as an aluminum oxide sintered body and a detection electrode provided on the surface of the insulating substrate is used.
- the resistance value or current value of the detection electrode changes due to a decrease in electrical insulation between the adjacent detection electrodes.
- the content of the object to be detected in the exhaust gas or the like is calculated and detected by the change in the resistance value or current value.
- platinum is frequently used as a metal material that is not easily oxidized even at high temperatures such as exhaust gas.
- platinum when platinum is used as the material of the detection electrode, platinum has a catalytic action, which may cause the following problems. That is, for example, when the object to be detected is fine particles such as soot (carbon) and is a substance that is relatively easily decomposed and removed, the fine particles as the object to be detected are decomposed by the catalytic action of platinum contained in the detection electrode. Easy to be. Fine particles such as decomposed soot are easily scattered and removed. That is, an amount smaller than the amount of fine particles actually attached to the detection electrode remains on and around the detection electrode, and the small amount is detected. Therefore, a value smaller than the actual content of soot or the like is detected as the content of soot or the like in the exhaust gas, and the detection accuracy decreases.
- the sensor substrate according to one aspect of the present invention is mainly composed of an insulating substrate having a main surface and a first metal material made of a base metal material that is catalytically inactive with respect to a decomposition reaction of fine particles, and the insulating substrate. And a detection electrode provided on the main surface, and an exposed surface of the detection electrode is covered with a passive film of the first metal material.
- a sensor device includes the sensor substrate having the above-described configuration and a power supply unit that supplies a potential to the detection electrode.
- the sensor substrate according to one aspect of the present invention does not have a catalytic action for decomposition of soot or the like, for example, because the detection electrode has the above-described configuration. Therefore, oxidation of the detection object attached to the detection electrode is difficult to occur. Further, since the exposed surface of the detection electrode is covered with the passive film of the first metal material, the possibility that the entire detection electrode is oxidized is reduced. Therefore, a sensor substrate with high detection accuracy can be provided.
- the sensor device according to one aspect of the present invention has the sensor substrate having the above-described configuration, the detection accuracy is high.
- (A) is a top view showing the sensor substrate and the sensor device of the first embodiment of the present invention
- (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of (a). It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the B section of FIG. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the principal part in the sensor substrate and the sensor substrate with a lead of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.
- (A) is a top view which shows the modification of the sensor board
- (b) is sectional drawing which shows the other modification of the sensor board
- a sensor substrate and a sensor device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
- the distinction between the upper and lower sides in the following description is for convenience, and does not limit the upper and lower sides when the sensor substrate or the like is actually used.
- FIG. 1A is a top view showing the sensor substrate and the sensor device of the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion B in FIG.
- the insulating substrate 1, the detection electrode 2 provided on the main surface (the upper surface in the example of FIG. 1) of the insulating substrate 1, and the internal wiring 3 that is a conductive path for externally connecting the detection electrode 2 are used in the first embodiment.
- a sensor substrate 4 is basically formed.
- the exposed surface 21 of the detection electrode 2 is covered with a passive film 2a.
- the exposed surface 21 of the detection electrode 2 is a portion of the surface of the detection electrode 2 that is not in contact with the insulating substrate 1.
- the insulating substrate 1 is, for example, a flat plate shape such as a square plate shape, and is a base for providing a plurality of detection electrodes 2 that are electrically insulated from each other.
- the insulating substrate 1 is made of a ceramic sintered body such as an aluminum oxide sintered body, an aluminum nitride sintered body, a mullite sintered body, a glass ceramic sintered body, or a zirconia ceramic (zirconium oxide sintered body). Is formed.
- the insulating substrate 1 may be formed by laminating a plurality of insulating layers (no symbol) made of such a ceramic sintered body.
- the insulating substrate 1 is formed by laminating a plurality of insulating layers made of, for example, an aluminum oxide sintered body, it can be manufactured by the following method. First, an appropriate organic binder, a solvent, and the like are added to and mixed with raw material powders such as aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide and calcium oxide to obtain a slurry-like mixture (slurry). Next, this slurry is formed into a sheet shape by a doctor blade method, a calender roll method, or the like to produce a ceramic green sheet. Next, an appropriate punching process is performed on the ceramic green sheet, and a plurality of sheets produced by the punching process are laminated as necessary to obtain a laminated body. Thereafter, the insulating substrate 1 can be manufactured by firing the laminated body at a high temperature (about 1300 to 1600 ° C.).
- a high temperature about 1300 to 1600 ° C.
- the detection electrode 2 is a part for measuring the content of fine particles such as soot in the environment where the sensor substrate 4 is disposed.
- fine particles such as soot adhere to the detection electrode 2
- the electrical insulation changes between the detection electrodes 2 adjacent to each other.
- the electrical resistance, current value, and the like in the detection electrode 2 change due to this change in electrical insulation.
- the mass of the fine particles in the environment where the detection electrode 2 is present is calculated and detected. Based on the mass of the fine particles and the flow rate (volume) of the gas in the environment where the detection electrode 2 exists, the content of the fine particles in the gas is calculated and detected.
- the detection electrode 2 contains a first metal material, which will be described later, as a main component as a metal material that causes such a change in electrical resistance.
- the first metal material is a base metal material that is catalytically inactive (hereinafter simply referred to as catalyst inactive) with respect to the decomposition reaction of the fine particles.
- the fine particles are, for example, soot (carbon fine particles).
- the base metal material as the first metal material is such that the passive film can be formed on the exposed surface 21 of the detection electrode 2. Examples of such base metal materials include base metal materials such as iron, aluminum, nickel, titanium, and chromium.
- the base metal material may be a material containing silicon in addition to these base metal materials.
- silicon may form a compound (silicide) with the above base metal material.
- the base metal material may be a base metal material other than the above base metal material, and a passive film may be formed by combination with silicon.
- An example of a base metal material that forms a passive film when combined with silicon is molybdenum. In other words, the base metal material may be molybdenum silicide.
- the first metal material is, for example, contained in the detection electrode 2 by about 80% by mass or more, and is the main component of the detection electrode 2.
- the detection electrode 2 may contain an inorganic component such as glass or ceramics. These inorganic components are components for adjusting the firing shrinkage when the detection electrode 2 is formed by simultaneous firing with the insulating substrate 1 as described later, for example.
- the environment in which the sensor substrate 4 is disposed is, for example, an exhaust passage for exhaust gas from an automobile. If the amount of fine particles detected by the sensor substrate 4 increases, it is detected that the content of fine particles flowing through the exhaust passage has increased. Thereby, for example, a failure of a DPF (diesel particulate filter) that is a filter device that removes particulates such as soot from the exhaust gas of a diesel engine can be detected.
- a DPF diesel particulate filter
- the detection electrode 2 is preferably formed in a pattern in which it is easy to increase the length of the portion that contributes to detection in order to effectively detect a change in resistance value due to adhesion of fine particles.
- a pattern include a comb-like pattern or a linear pattern including an elongated rectangular (band-like) pattern.
- FIG. 1 shows an example in which the detection electrode 2 is an elongated rectangular pattern.
- the internal wiring 3 is formed inside the insulating substrate 1 and is, for example, a conductive path for electrically connecting the detection electrode 2 on the upper surface of the insulating substrate 1 and a connection pad 5 on the lower surface described later.
- the internal wiring 3 may include a heater disposed inside the insulating substrate 1.
- FIG. 1B shows an example in which a part of the internal wiring 3 is a heater arranged in parallel to the main surface of the insulating substrate 1.
- the internal wiring 3 as a heater is a part for preheating the detection electrode 2, for example. When the detection electrode 2 is preheated, the change in the resistance value of the detection electrode 2 becomes more sensitive to the adhesion of the fine particles, and the accuracy of detection of the fine particles is improved.
- the internal wiring 3 is, for example, from the detection electrode 2 on the upper surface of the insulating substrate 1 to another main surface on the opposite side of the main surface of the insulating substrate 1 on which the detection electrode 2 is provided (lower surface in the example of FIG. 1). It may include up to a portion (not shown) provided over. In this case, the detection electrode 2 is electrically led to the lower surface of the insulating substrate 1 by the internal wiring 3.
- the internal wiring 3 may include a through conductor (no symbol) that penetrates at least a part of the insulating substrate 1 in the thickness direction.
- the internal wiring 3 may include an internal wiring conductor (not shown) such as a circuit pattern provided between the insulating layers.
- connection pads 5 for external connection are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the insulating substrate 1.
- the connection pad 5 on the upper surface of the insulating substrate 1 is directly connected to the end of the detection electrode 2.
- the connection pad 5 is a rectangular pattern, and the length (width) of the short side is larger than the width of the detection electrode 2. Since the width of the connection pad 5 is larger than the width of the detection electrode 2, electrical connection of the detection electrode 2 to an external electric circuit is facilitated.
- An external electric circuit (not shown) and the detection electrode 2 are electrically connected via the connection pad 5.
- a signal such as a change in electric resistance detected by the detection electrode 2 is transmitted to an external electric circuit, and predetermined processing such as detection and display of fine particles is performed.
- connection pad 5 on the lower surface of the insulating substrate 1 is directly connected to a portion of the internal wiring 3 that is electrically led to the lower surface of the insulating substrate 1.
- a conductive path (not indicated) that electrically connects the internal wiring 3 and the connection pad 5 to each other is formed.
- This conductive path is, for example, for electrically connecting the internal wiring 3 as a heater and an external electric circuit, and for example, a predetermined power is supplied from the external electric circuit to the heater (internal wiring 3).
- connection pads 5 on the upper surface and the lower surface of the insulating substrate 1 are respectively bonded to predetermined portions of the external electric circuit by a conductive bonding material such as solder or conductive adhesive, the detection electrode 2 and the internal wiring 3 are connected to the external electric circuit.
- the circuit is electrically connected to each other.
- connection pad 5 The electrical connection between the connection pad 5 and the external electric circuit is made through a conductive connection material such as solder.
- a lead terminal (not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2) may be bonded to the connection pad 5 in advance, and electrical connection with an external electric circuit may be performed via the lead terminal.
- the surface portion of the detection electrode 2 does not contain platinum. Therefore, the catalytic action for the chemical reaction of the detected object such as soot oxidation is effectively reduced as compared with the case where platinum is contained.
- the surface portion of the detection electrode 2 is a portion including the exposed surface 21 of the detection electrode 2 and the passive film 2 a covering the exposed surface 21. Therefore, it is difficult for the detected object attached to the detection electrode 2 to be oxidized. Therefore, the sensor substrate 4 with high detection accuracy can be provided.
- the exposed surface 21 of the detection electrode 2 is covered with a passive film 2a. Therefore, the possibility that the entire detection electrode 2 is oxidized is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to provide the sensor substrate 4 with high detection accuracy and long-term reliability.
- the exposed surface 21 of the detection electrode 2 is a portion of the surface of the detection electrode 2 that is not in contact with the insulating substrate 1 and is a portion that is exposed to the outside when it is assumed that there is no passive film 2a. is there.
- the base metal material contained in the base metal material is present as a metal (non-oxide) in the detection electrode 2.
- the first metal material contained in the sensing electrode 2 includes at least one base metal material such as iron, aluminum, nickel, titanium, chromium, and molybdenum that can easily form the passive film 2a. Yes. Moreover, the compound (silicide) of these base metal materials and silicon may be included. These base metal materials are inactive to the catalyst and do not have a catalytic action for the decomposition of fine particles.
- the detection electrode 2 contains the first metal material made of such a base metal material as a main component at a ratio of about 80% by mass or more.
- the detection electrode 2 may contain other metal components in addition to the first metal material as the main component. Further, the other metal material does not necessarily need to be a metal material that easily forms the passive film 2a, and may be another metal material (for example, tungsten).
- the detection electrode 2 is formed as follows, for example. That is, a powder of the base metal material is kneaded with an organic solvent and a binder to produce a metal paste. Next, this metal paste is applied in a predetermined pattern on the main surface of the ceramic green sheet to be the insulating substrate 1. The metal paste is applied by, for example, a screen printing method. Thereafter, these metal paste and ceramic green sheet are fired simultaneously. Through the above steps, the insulating substrate 1 having the detection electrode 2 can be manufactured.
- the thickness (thickness) of the passive film 2a is set to about 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m, for example. With this thickness, the exposed surface 21 of the detection electrode 2 is effectively covered with the passive film 2a. Therefore, the possibility that the whole or most of the detection electrode 2 is oxidized is effectively reduced.
- the uniform thickness in this case means a state in which the thickness variation of the passive film 2a in one detection electrode 2 is within ⁇ 10% with respect to the median thickness. For example, if the median thickness of the passive film 2a is about 2 ⁇ m, it means that the thickness ranges from about 1.8 to 2.2 ⁇ m.
- the exposed surface 21 of the detection electrode 2 does not necessarily have to be entirely covered with the passive film 2a.
- the passive film 2a may cover about 90% of the exposed surface 21 of the detection electrode 2 in terms of area. In other words, 90% or more of the surface portion of the detection electrode 2 may be the passive film 2a. If the exposed surface 21 of the detection electrode 2 is covered with the passive film 2a at such a ratio, the possibility that the oxidation of the entire detection electrode 2 proceeds is effectively reduced.
- the exposed surface 21 of the detection electrode 2 is preferably covered entirely with the passive film 2a in order to suppress the oxidation of the detection electrode 2 and the like more effectively.
- the passive film 2a it is advantageous in the following points. That is, in this case, the possibility that the oxidation proceeds to the entire detection electrode 2 is more effectively reduced.
- the passive film 2a If the passive film 2a is too thick, the initial resistance of the surface portion of the detection electrode 2 (resistance before being set in an environment containing fine particles) increases. For this reason, the conduction resistance between the detection electrode 2 (sensor substrate 4) and the external electric circuit is increased, and the change in the resistance value of the detection electrode 2 due to the adhesion of fine particles is difficult to be detected.
- the above baking may be performed in an atmosphere containing a small amount of oxygen and moisture.
- a passive film 2a is formed on the exposed surface 21 of the metal material including the base metal material.
- a non-oxidizing atmosphere such as a reducing atmosphere or an inert atmosphere is used in such a firing process of the sensor substrate 4, but the passive film 2a is not effectively formed by firing in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
- the passive film 2a can be effectively formed by setting the firing conditions such as the atmosphere as described above.
- the passive film 2a is an oxide layer containing at least one of iron oxide, chromium oxide, and chromium oxide.
- the oxidation proceeds to the iron-nickel-chromium alloy existing inside the exposed surface 21 of the detection electrode 2. Is suppressed.
- the first metal material forming the passive film 2a may be composed mainly of an iron-nickel-chromium alloy. That is, the base metal material may be an iron-nickel-chromium alloy. In this case, the first metal material may contain other base metal material such as titanium or aluminum in a ratio of about 10% by mass or less in addition to the main component of iron-nickel-chromium alloy.
- the passive film 2a in this case is formed by oxidation of a metal material containing iron, nickel, and chromium.
- the 1st metal material which is the main component of the detection electrode 2 shall contain iron, nickel, and chromium.
- These metal materials such as iron can be used as a metal paste as described above, for example, and it is easy to form the detection electrode 2 by simultaneous firing with the insulating substrate 1 (ceramic green sheet).
- the passive film 2a it is easy to form the passive film 2a, and the progress of oxidation to the inside (inside) of the detection electrode 2 is more effectively suppressed.
- these base metal materials are catalytically inactive metals that do not have a catalytic action.
- the first metal material is mainly composed of an iron-nickel-chromium alloy. It is more advantageous to use an alloy material.
- the specific composition of the first metal material made of an iron-nickel-chromium alloy, which is a base metal material, is, for example, 1 to 55% by mass of iron (Fe), 20 to 80% by mass of nickel (Ni), and 10% of chromium (Cr). To 25% by mass, titanium (Ti) 0.1 to 5% by mass, and aluminum (Al) 0.1 to 5% by mass.
- the composition of the first metal material is, for example, 6 to 10 mass% of iron, about 73 mass% or more of nickel, and 14 to 17 mass% of chromium.
- the chromium content is as high as that of nickel may be used.
- the composition of the first metal material is, for example, about 41 mass% or more of iron, 30 to 30.5 mass% of nickel, and 30 to 35.5 mass% of chromium.
- the detection electrode 2 may further contain a trace amount of a base metal material such as manganese or aluminum. Moreover, trace amount metal materials other than base metal materials, such as copper, may further be contained. Furthermore, a trace amount nonmetallic material, such as carbon, sulfur, or silicon, may further be contained.
- the first metal material may be mainly composed of iron and chromium.
- the first metal material in this case may also contain other base metal materials such as titanium or aluminum in a proportion of about 10% by mass or less in addition to the main component of iron-chromium alloy.
- the passive film 2a including such a base metal material is formed by oxidation of a metal material including iron and chromium, and the metal material included in the detection electrode 2 includes iron and chromium. Is done.
- This metal material can also be used as a metal paste to easily form the detection electrode 2 by simultaneous firing with the insulating substrate 1. In addition, it is easy to form the passive film 2a, and the progress of oxidation to the inside (inside) of the detection electrode 2 is more effectively suppressed.
- these base metals are metals which do not have a catalytic action and are catalyst inactive.
- the first metal material is an alloy material mainly composed of iron-chromium in consideration of the ease of formation of the passive film 2a and, consequently, the measurement accuracy, reliability and productivity of the sensor substrate 4. It may be.
- the iron-chromium alloy can also be regarded as a nickel component removed from the iron-nickel-chromium alloy described above. Since the iron-chromium alloy is easier to passivate than the iron-nickel-chromium alloy, it is easier to form the passive film 2 a on the surface portion of the detection electrode 2.
- the composition of the iron-chromium alloy is, for example, 70 to 80% by mass of iron and 20 to 30% by mass of chromium.
- the composition in the case where the first metal material further includes another base metal material such as aluminum is, for example, 70 to 75% by mass of iron, 20 to 25% by mass of chromium, and 3 to 7% by mass of aluminum.
- the passive film 2a should just coat
- the passive film 2 a is not provided on the surface of the detection electrode 2 in contact with the internal wiring 3, it is easy to keep the contact resistance between the detection electrode 2 and the internal wiring 3 small. . In this case, it is possible to provide the internal wiring 3 having an advantageous configuration for enhancing the electrical characteristics of the sensor substrate 4.
- the passive film 2a is cut at a portion where the detection electrode 2 is provided so that the sensor substrate 4 can be viewed in a longitudinal section, and the surface portion of the detection electrode 2 is analyzed by electron beam microanalyzer (EPMA) or X-ray diffraction. It can detect by analyzing by methods, such as analysis. Moreover, the thickness of the passive film 2a can also be measured by this method.
- EPMA electron beam microanalyzer
- X-ray diffraction X-ray diffraction
- the internal wiring 3 is mainly composed of the first metal material as in the case of the detection electrode 2, for example, and may have a passive film (not shown) made of the first metal material on the surface thereof. Further, the internal wiring 3 may be made of a metal that is difficult to oxidize, such as platinum or gold.
- connection pad 5 can also be manufactured by the same method using, for example, the same metal material as that of the detection electrode 2. However, if only the detection electrode 2 and its surroundings (for example, the upper surface of the insulating substrate 1) of the sensor substrate 4 are exposed and used in the flow path of the gas containing fine particles, the connection pad 5 is The base metal material that easily forms the passive film as described above may not be included. That is, in such a case, since the connection pad 5 is less likely to be oxidized by a high-temperature gas or the like, it does not necessarily have to have oxidation resistance like the detection electrode 2.
- the internal wiring 3 and the connection pad 5 may be made of a metal material having a catalytic action, or may be made of other metal materials. It may be a thing. That is, the internal wiring 3 and the connection pad 5 may be, for example, tungsten, manganese, cobalt, copper or gold, or an alloy containing these metal materials (for example, nickel-cobalt alloy).
- the internal wiring 3 and the connection pad 5 for example, considering the ease of formation by simultaneous firing with the insulating substrate 1 made of an aluminum oxide sintered body, the strength of bonding to the insulating substrate 1, and characteristics such as electrical resistance. A material containing tungsten as a main component may be used.
- a plating layer such as nickel and gold may be applied to the exposed surface of the connection pad 5.
- oxidation of the connection pad 5, suppression of corrosion, and improvement of characteristics such as wettability of solder connecting the connection pad 5 and the external electric circuit are possible. As a result, the reliability as the sensor substrate 4 is improved.
- the first metal material forming the detection electrode 2 may be made of a base metal material mainly composed of molybdenum silicide (for example, MoSi 2 ).
- molybdenum silicide is a base metal material.
- the first metal material in this case may contain other base metal materials such as iron and nickel in addition to molybdenum silicide.
- the first metal material may contain an iron-nickel-chromium alloy and molybdenum silicide as main components.
- the glass component described above when the glass component described above is contained in the detection electrode 2, it is difficult for the glass component to enter between the iron-nickel-chromium particles and the molybdenum silicide particles. Therefore, oversintering due to penetration of the glass component between these particles is less likely to occur. Thereby, the oxidation resistance of the detection electrode 2 is further improved.
- the detection electrode 2 contains molybdenum silicide
- the content is set to about 90 to 100% by mass, for example. As a result, the above effect can be obtained more reliably.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a main part of the sensor substrate 4 according to the second embodiment. This main part corresponds to the connection pad 5 of the sensor substrate 4 of the first embodiment and its periphery.
- the sensor substrate 4 of the second embodiment is the same as the sensor substrate 4 of the first embodiment except for this essential part. Explanation of matters similar to those in the first embodiment is omitted.
- the first metal material is composed mainly of an iron-nickel-chromium alloy or composed mainly of an iron-chromium alloy.
- the first metal material in this case may also contain another base metal material such as titanium.
- the connection pad 5 is made of the same metal material as the detection electrode 2. That is, the connection pad 5 is formed mainly of a first metal material made of a base metal material mainly composed of an iron-chromium alloy such as an iron-nickel-chromium alloy or an iron-chromium alloy.
- Lead terminals 6 are arranged so as to be electrically connected to the connection pads 5. The lead terminal 6 is bonded to the connection pad 5 via a bonding layer 7 provided on at least a part of the exposed surface 51 of the connection pad 5.
- the lead terminal 6 and the sensor substrate 9 with leads including the lead terminal 6 and the sensor substrate 4 will be described later.
- the lead terminal 6 and the sensor substrate 4 are shown separately.
- the lead terminal 6 is aligned in the direction of the arrow in the figure and joined to the connection pad 5.
- the bonding layer 7 is formed of a second metal material that contains the same metal material as that of the connection pad 5 as a main component and further contains at least one of aluminum and silicon as an additive.
- the connection pad 5 is made of the same metal material as the detection electrode 2.
- the detection electrode 2 is mainly composed of a first metal material made of iron-nickel-chromium alloy or iron-chromium alloy.
- the bonding layer 7 is formed of a second metal material obtained by adding at least one of aluminum and silicon to an iron-chromium alloy (first metal material) such as an iron-nickel-chromium alloy or an iron-chromium alloy.
- first metal material such as an iron-nickel-chromium alloy or an iron-chromium alloy.
- Aluminum and silicon are additives for lowering the melting point of the second metal material compared to the first metal material.
- the second metal material forming the bonding layer 7 has a lower melting point than the first metal material due to the action of the additive.
- connection pad 5 when the lead terminal 6 is bonded onto the connection pad 5, only the bonding layer 7 can be melted without melting the connection pad 5. Thereby, the lead terminal 6 can be easily joined to the connection pad 5.
- connection pad 5 since the possibility of partial melting of the connection pad 5 at the time of joining the lead terminals 6 is reduced, it is easy to maintain the pattern as the connection pad 5 in a predetermined pattern.
- the detection electrode 2 is formed of the same metal material as the connection pad 5
- pattern deformation due to partial melting of the detection electrode 2 at the time of joining the lead terminals 6 can be effectively suppressed. Furthermore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in electrical insulation between the detection electrodes 2 due to the pattern deformation.
- connection pad 5 may be composed mainly of an iron-chromium alloy and may contain about 0.1 to 5 mass of aluminum, for example. That is, the connection pad 5 may contain a component corresponding to the additive in the bonding layer 7. In such a case, the content of the additive material such as aluminum in the bonding layer 7 may be set to about 0.1 to 5.0% by mass larger than the content of aluminum or the like in the connection pad 5.
- both the detection electrode 2 and the connection pad 5 are mainly composed of a first metal material that is an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, and the aluminum content is about 5% by mass
- the bonding layer 7 is formed of a second metal material in which 5% by mass of aluminum is added to 100 parts by mass of an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy.
- the melting points of the detection electrode 2 and the connection pad 5 are both about 1550 ° C.
- the melting point of the bonding layer 7 is about 1450 ° C. Therefore, the brazing temperature (peak temperature, etc.) of the lead terminal 6 may be set to about 1480 ° C.
- the content of the additive in the second metal material is, for example, about 0.1 to 5.0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the main component of iron-chromium alloy. If the content rate of the additive is in the above range, the melting point of the bonding layer 7 can be effectively lowered as compared with the melting point of the connection pad 5 made of the first metal material.
- the bonding layer 7 may be provided from the exposed surface 51 of the connection pad 5 to the main surface of the insulating substrate 1.
- the bonding layer 7 may be continuously applied from the main surface of the insulating substrate 1 to the exposed surface 51 (for example, the side surface and the upper surface) of the connection pad 5.
- the bonding layer 7 may continuously cover from the main surface of the insulating substrate 1 to the entire exposed surface 51 of the connection pad 5.
- Aluminum is more active in bonding to the insulating substrate 1 made of an aluminum oxide sintered body or the like than silicon. Therefore, when the bonding layer 7 is provided up to the main surface of the insulating substrate 1, aluminum is preferable as an additive from the viewpoint of improving the bonding strength to the insulating substrate 1 as described above.
- the sensor device 10 of the embodiment is formed by the sensor substrate 4 of the first or second embodiment and the power supply unit 11 that supplies a potential to the detection electrode 2.
- the sensor device 10 formed by electrically connecting the power supply unit 11 to the sensor substrate 4 of the first embodiment will be described as an example. Even when the sensor substrate 4 of the second embodiment is used, the sensor device 10 having the same effect as the following example can be manufactured by the same method.
- Different electrodes (positive electrode, negative electrode, etc.) of the power supply unit 11 are connected to different lead terminals 6.
- a potential of about 50 volts (V) is supplied from the power supply unit 11 to the detection electrode 2, and a leakage current due to this potential is detected.
- the resistance value of the detection electrode 2 is detected by the value of this leakage current.
- the resistance value of the detection electrode 2 is measured by, for example, an external measurement detection circuit (not shown).
- a circuit for measuring a resistance value of the detection electrode 2 may be disposed on the insulating substrate 1.
- the power supply unit 11 includes, for example, a terminal, a rectifier, a transformer circuit, and the like that are electrically connected to an external power supply (not shown) as a soot detection circuit, and is a part to which predetermined power is transmitted from the external power supply.
- the transmitted power is adjusted to a condition suitable for measuring the resistance value of the detection electrode 2 in the power supply unit 11 and transmitted to the detection electrode 2.
- connection conductor such as a conductive connection material that electrically connects the connection pad 5 and the power supply unit 11 is schematically indicated by a virtual line (two-dot chain line).
- the detection accuracy is high.
- the detection electrode 2 is made of platinum and the temperature of the atmosphere (exhaust gas) where fine particles of soot are detected is about 550 ° C.
- soot is decomposed by the catalytic reaction of platinum, soot is effective. Is not detected.
- the detection electrode 2 is inactive to the catalyst, soot decomposition is suppressed and the content of soot as fine particles is detected with high accuracy.
- Modification 4A is a top view showing a modified example of the sensor substrate 4 and the sensor device 10 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4B is another modified example of the sensor substrate 4 and the sensor device 10 shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing shown. 4, parts similar to those in FIGS. 1 and 3 are given the same reference numerals.
- the detection electrode 2 has a comb-like pattern. Further, the two detection electrodes 2 are arranged in such a positional relationship as to engage with each other. In this case, for example, the length of the portion that contributes to the detection of the detection electrode 2 can be increased while keeping the size of the insulating substrate 1 in plan view as small as possible. The longer the length of the portion that contributes to the detection of the detection electrode 2, the greater the change in resistance value as the detection electrode 2. In addition, detection of fine particles in the gas becomes easy. That is, even when the content of fine particles in the gas is small, the fine particles can be detected more reliably.
- the sensor substrate 4 and the sensor device 10 that are more advantageous in terms of improvement in accuracy and sensitivity of detection of particulates in the gas and miniaturization in plan view.
- connection pad 5 which performs the electrical connection of the power supply part 11 and the detection electrode 2
- the virtual line two-dot chain line
- a lead terminal 6 is bonded to each of the connection pads 5 on the upper surface and the lower surface of the insulating substrate 1 to form a sensor substrate 9 with leads.
- the lead terminal 6 is bonded to the connection pad 5 via the bonding layer 7 as described above, for example.
- the end of the lead terminal 6 opposite to the end joined to the connection pad 5 is joined to a predetermined part of the external electric circuit and electrically connected. That is, electrical and mechanical connection to the external electric circuit of the sensor substrate 4 (sensor device 10) is performed via the lead terminal 6. Different electrodes (positive electrode, negative electrode, etc.) of the power supply unit 11 are connected to different lead terminals 6.
- the insulating substrate 1 of the sensor substrate 4 and the external electric circuit are provided by elastic deformation of the lead terminal 6. It becomes easier to relieve stress such as thermal stress due to a difference in thermal expansion from an external substrate (not shown) such as a resin substrate. Therefore, in this case, it is possible to provide the sensor substrate 4 and the sensor device 10 that are advantageous for improving the reliability of external connection and the like.
- the lead terminal 6 is not for detecting fine particles, like the connection pad 5. Therefore, the material for forming the lead terminal 6 may be appropriately selected according to the environment in which the lead terminal 6 is used, the conditions such as the productivity and economy of the sensor substrate 4. For example, if the lead terminal 6 is made of a metal material having excellent oxidation resistance such as platinum or gold, it is advantageous in terms of reliability as the sensor device 10. Further, the lead terminal 6 may be formed of an iron-based alloy such as an iron-nickel-cobalt alloy, copper, or the like with an emphasis on economy and the like. Further, when the lead terminal 6 is made of an iron-based alloy, the exposed surface may be protected by a plating layer such as a gold plating layer.
- a plating layer such as a gold plating layer.
- the bonding of the lead terminal 6 to the connection pad 5 is not limited to the bonding layer 7 and may be performed by a brazing material (not shown) such as a silver brazing (silver copper brazing material) or a gold brazing. Also for the brazing material, as with the lead terminal 6, the material is appropriately selected according to various conditions when the sensor substrate 4 is manufactured or used.
- the bonding layer 7 is used.
- the sensor substrate 4 of the second embodiment is used as the sensor substrate 4 as in the example of FIG.
- the bonding layer 7 solidified after being melted in the second embodiment is suitable for practical use.
- the lead terminal 6 can be easily and firmly bonded to the connection pad 5 through the bonding layer 7. Can do.
- each component (iron, chromium, aluminum, etc.) of the second metal material is melted and recrystallized by heating when the lead terminals 6 are brazed. Therefore, the iron-chromium alloy and the additive such as aluminum are distributed almost uniformly in the bonding layer 7 with a polycrystalline structure.
- connection pad 5 may extend from the lower surface of the insulating substrate 1 to the side surface (end surface). Further, the lead terminals 6 may be provided on the exposed surface other than the lower surface of the insulating substrate 1.
- the bonding layer 7 may be used for bonding the lead terminals 6 only to the connection pads 5 on either the upper surface or the lower surface of the insulating substrate 1, and the lead terminals 6 are only formed on either the upper or lower surface. It may be arranged.
- the sensor substrate of the example having the detection electrode having the composition shown in Table 1 and the sensor substrate of the comparative example were manufactured, and the detection accuracy of soot as fine particles in the gas was confirmed.
- Each detection electrode had a comb-like pattern with a line width and a gap (adjacent spacing) of about 100 ⁇ m.
- the numerical value following an element name shows the content rate (mass%) of the element in a detection electrode.
- the soot detection accuracy is the specified content rate.
- the sensor substrate is set in the flow path for sending the gas containing soot, the soot content rate is measured, and the measurement result (experimental value) and the above specified content rate are measured. It was evaluated by comparing (theoretical value). At that time, soot was used in the exhaust from the diesel engine, and the soot content in the gas was set to about 10 mg / m 3 .
- the detection electrode was formed of a base metal material having the composition shown in Table 1 (experiment numbers 3 to 9 and 11). Firing was performed in an atmosphere containing oxygen to form a passive film.
- the detection electrode was formed of a metal material having a single composition shown in Table 1 (experiment numbers 1 and 2).
- the sensor substrates of other comparative examples were fired in a reducing atmosphere so as not to form a passive film.
- the surface part of the detection electrode was analyzed with the electron beam microanalyzer (EPMA), and the presence or absence of the passive film was confirmed.
- EPMA electron beam microanalyzer
- the soot in the gas was detected at the temperatures shown in Table 1 for the sensor substrates of these examples and comparative examples.
- the ratio between the above theoretical value and the experimental value of the soot content in the gas is 0.8 to 1.2 (good), less than 0.8 and exceeding 1.2 Was not possible (x).
- experimental values / theoretical values of 0.9 to 1.1 were determined to be particularly good ( ⁇ ).
- the detection electrodes having the compositions of material numbers 7 to 9 and 11 have particularly high detection accuracy.
- the iron content is 8 to 50% by mass (particularly about 50% by mass)
- the nickel content is about 28 to 76% by mass (particularly about 30% by mass)
- the chromium content is The rate was 16 to 20% by mass (particularly about 20% by mass).
- the nickel content is relatively small, about 30% by mass (28-30% by mass, etc.)
- iron is about 50% by mass (48-50% by mass, etc.)
- chromium is about 20% by mass (19-20% by mass). In the example set to about (mass%), high detection accuracy was obtained.
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Abstract
Description
図1(a)は本発明の第1の実施形態のセンサ基板およびセンサ装置を示す上面図であり、図1(b)は図1(a)のA-A線における断面図である。また、図2は図1のB部分を拡大して示す断面図である。絶縁基板1と、絶縁基板1の主面(図1の例では上面)に設けられた検知電極2と、検知電極2を外部接続する導電路である内部配線3とによって第1の実施形態のセンサ基板4が基本的に形成されている。また、検知電極2の露出表面21が不動態膜2aによって被覆されている。ここで検知電極2の露出表面21とは、検知電極2の表面のうち絶縁基板1に接していない部分である。
図3は、第2の実施形態のセンサ基板4における要部を示す断面図である。この要部は、第1の実施形態のセンサ基板4の接続パッド5およびその周辺に相当する。図3において図1と同様の部位には同様の符号を付している。なお、図3では絶縁基板1の下面側の接続パッド5を例として挙げているが、以下に説明する事項は、絶縁基板1の上面の接続パッド5に関しても同様である。
例えば上記第1または第2の実施形態のセンサ基板4と、検知電極2に電位を供給する電源部11とによって、実施形態のセンサ装置10が形成されている。以下の説明においては第1の実施形態のセンサ基板4に電源部11が電気的に接続されて形成されたセンサ装置10を例に挙げて説明する。第2の実施形態のセンサ基板4を用いた場合でも、以下の例と同様の効果を有するセンサ装置10を、同様の方法で製作することができる。
図4(a)は図1に示すセンサ基板4およびセンサ装置10の変形例を示す上面図であり、図4(b)は図1に示すセンサ基板4およびセンサ装置10の他の変形例を示す断面図である。図4において図1および図3と同様の部位には同様の符号を付している。
図4(a)に示す例では、検知電極2が櫛歯状パターンである。また、2つの検知電極2が、互いにかみ合うような位置関係で配置されている。この場合には、例えば平面視における絶縁基板1の大きさをできるだけ小さく抑えながら、検知電極2の検知に寄与する部分の長さをより長くすることができる。検知電極2の検知に寄与する部分の長さが長いほど、検知電極2としての抵抗値の変化が大きくなりやすい。また、ガス中の微粒子の検知が容易になる。すなわち、ガス中の微粒子の含有量が小さい場合でも、その微粒子をより確実に検知することができる。
図4(b)に示す例では、絶縁基板1の上面および下面の接続パッド5のそれぞれにリード端子6が接合されて、リード付きセンサ基板9が形成されている。リード端子6は、例えば上記のような接合層7を介して接続パッド5に接合されている。
2・・・検知電極
21・・・(検知電極の)露出表面
2a・・不動態膜
3・・・内部配線
4・・・センサ基板
5・・・接続パッド
51・・・接続パッドの露出表面
6・・・リード端子
7・・・接合層
9・・・リード付きセンサ基板
10・・・センサ装置
11・・・電源部
Claims (9)
- 主面を有する絶縁基板と、
微粒子の分解反応に対して触媒不活性な卑金属系材料からなる第1金属材料を主成分としているとともに前記絶縁基板の前記主面に設けられた検知電極とを備えており、
該検知電極の露出表面が前記第1金属材料の不動態膜によって被覆されていることを特徴とするセンサ基板。 - 前記検知電極の露出表面の全体において前記第1金属材料の不動態膜が一様な厚さであることを特徴とする請求項1記載のセンサ基板。
- 前記第1金属材料が鉄-ニッケル-クロム合金を主成分としていることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2記載のセンサ基板。
- 前記第1金属材料が鉄-クロム合金を主成分としていることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2記載のセンサ基板。
- 前記第1金属材料がケイ化モリブデンを主成分としていることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2記載のセンサ基板。
- 前記検知電極と同じ金属材料からなり、前記絶縁基板の前記主面を含む露出表面に設けられた接続パッドをさらに備えており、
該接続パッドの露出表面の少なくとも一部に、該接続パッドと同じ金属材料を主成分として含有し、アルミニウムおよびケイ素の少なくとも一方を添加材としてさらに含有する第2金属材料からなる接合層が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項3または請求項4に記載のセンサ基板。 - 前記接合層が、前記接続パッドの前記露出表面から前記絶縁基板の前記主面にかけて設けられていることを特徴とする請求項6記載のセンサ基板。
- 請求項6または請求項7に記載のセンサ基板と、
前記接合層を介して前記検知電極に接合されたリード端子とを備えることを特徴とするリード付きセンサ基板。 - 請求項1~請求項7のいずれかに記載のセンサ基板と、
前記検知電極に電位を供給する電源部とを備えることを特徴とするセンサ装置。
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US15/319,881 US10408776B2 (en) | 2014-08-29 | 2015-08-22 | Sensor board, lead-bearing sensor board, and sensor device |
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