WO2016031664A1 - ポリエステル樹脂組成物及び成形体 - Google Patents
ポリエステル樹脂組成物及び成形体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016031664A1 WO2016031664A1 PCT/JP2015/073340 JP2015073340W WO2016031664A1 WO 2016031664 A1 WO2016031664 A1 WO 2016031664A1 JP 2015073340 W JP2015073340 W JP 2015073340W WO 2016031664 A1 WO2016031664 A1 WO 2016031664A1
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- polyester resin
- resin composition
- polyrotaxane
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L71/00—Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L71/02—Polyalkylene oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/32—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08G65/329—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds
- C08G65/331—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing oxygen
- C08G65/3311—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing oxygen containing a hydroxy group
- C08G65/3314—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing oxygen containing a hydroxy group cyclic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G83/00—Macromolecular compounds not provided for in groups C08G2/00 - C08G81/00
- C08G83/007—Polyrotaxanes; Polycatenanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
- C08L101/16—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds the macromolecular compounds being biodegradable
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polyester resin composition. Moreover, this invention relates to the molded object formed by shape
- biodegradable plastics particularly biodegradable plastics
- Typical biodegradable plastics include polyglycolic acid derived from petroleum, polylactic acid based on starch, aliphatic polyesters based on biomass-derived diols and dicarboxylic acids, and aliphatic polyesters produced by microorganisms. Polyester resins and aliphatic polycarbonates are known. These resins are metabolized by composting and finally decomposed into carbon dioxide and water.
- biodegradable polyester resins have become relatively inexpensive due to expansion of production volume and improvement of production technology, so studies are being promoted as alternatives to general-purpose resins with low biodegradability. Expansion to is expected.
- such a polyester resin is hard but brittle and has a problem of poor impact resistance, and it has been difficult to use it alone as a substitute for a general-purpose resin.
- Patent Document 1 As a method for imparting flexibility, stretchability and impact resistance to a hard polyester resin, a method using a low molecular plasticizer (Patent Document 1) or a soft aliphatic polyester such as polycaprolactone or polybutylene succinate is used. A blending method is disclosed (Patent Documents 2 and 3).
- a low molecular plasticizer as disclosed in Patent Document 1 must be blended in a large amount in order to exhibit a sufficient effect, and it bleeds out to the surface with the passage of time, resulting in an appearance. There has been a problem that it may cause damage or decrease in physical properties.
- soft aliphatic polyesters disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3 must be blended in a large amount in order to provide sufficient flexibility, and as a result, other physical properties of the polyester resin are impaired. (For example, yield stress is remarkably reduced).
- An object of this invention is to provide the polyester resin composition which can obtain the molded object which is excellent in extendibility. Moreover, an object of this invention is to provide the molded object formed by shape
- the present invention contains a polyester resin and a polyrotaxane comprising a cyclic molecule, a linear molecule penetrating through the opening of the cyclic molecule, and a blocking group that blocks both ends of the linear molecule. It is a polyester resin composition.
- the present invention is described in detail below.
- the present inventors have found that by using a combination of a polyester resin and a polyrotaxane, it is possible to obtain a molded article having excellent stretchability without impairing other physical properties, and the present invention has been completed.
- the polyester resin composition of the present invention contains a polyester resin.
- the polyester resin is not particularly limited as long as it is a polymer having an ester bond in the main chain, and examples thereof include ⁇ -hydroxycarboxylic acid-based polyesters such as polylactic acid and polyglycolic acid, poly ⁇ -caprolactone, and poly ⁇ -valerolactone.
- lactone polyesters such as polyethylene succinate, aliphatic polyesters such as diol / dicarboxylic acid polyesters such as polybutylene adipate, aromatic polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthalate. It is done.
- polylactic acid-based resin means a polymer having a segment derived from lactic acid, and has a segment derived from another copolymer component other than lactic acid as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. May be.
- the “polyglycolic acid-based resin” means a polymer having a segment derived from glycolic acid, and is a segment derived from a copolymer component other than glycolic acid as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. You may have.
- the polyester resin preferably has a main chain composed only of an aliphatic structure.
- the mass average molecular weight of the polyester resin varies depending on the use, but from the viewpoint of processability, the preferable lower limit is 10,000 and the preferable upper limit is 1,000,000.
- the minimum with a more preferable mass average molecular weight of the said polyester resin is 20,000, and a more preferable upper limit is 300,000.
- the mass average molecular weight is a value determined by polystyrene conversion measured by GPC unless otherwise specified. Examples of the column for measuring the mass average molecular weight in terms of polystyrene by GPC include TSKgel SuperHM-M (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation).
- the polyester resin may be crystalline, semi-crystalline, or amorphous, and the same effect can be obtained with any property.
- the preferable lower limit of the melting point is 60 ° C.
- the preferable upper limit is 250 ° C.
- the more preferable lower limit is 100 ° C.
- the more preferable upper limit is 200 ° C.
- the preferable lower limit of the glass transition temperature is 40 ° C.
- the preferable upper limit is 250 ° C.
- the more preferable lower limit is 50 ° C.
- the more preferable upper limit is 200 ° C.
- the minimum with preferable content of the said polyester resin in the whole polyester resin composition of this invention is 80 mass%, and a preferable upper limit is 99.9 mass%.
- a preferable upper limit is 99.9 mass%.
- the minimum with more preferable content of the said polyester resin is 90 mass%, and a more preferable upper limit is 99.5 mass%.
- the polyester resin composition of the present invention contains a polyrotaxane comprising a cyclic molecule, a linear molecule penetrating through the opening of the cyclic molecule, and a blocking group that blocks both ends of the linear molecule. .
- the cyclic molecule is not particularly limited as long as the linear molecule can be included so that the linear molecule penetrates through the opening in a skewered manner and can move on the linear molecule.
- a conventionally known method for example, a method described in JP-A No. 2005-154675
- cyclic of the cyclic molecule means substantially cyclic, and may be a complete ring-closed structure as long as it can move on the linear molecule. For example, a spiral structure may be used.
- cyclic molecule examples include cyclic polymers such as cyclic polyether, cyclic polyester, and cyclic polyetheramine, pillar arenes, cyclophanes, ring-expanded porphyrins, and cyclodextrins.
- cyclic polymer examples include crown ether and derivatives thereof, calixarene and derivatives thereof, cyclophane and derivatives thereof, cryptand and derivatives thereof, and the like.
- the cyclic molecule is appropriately selected depending on the type of linear molecule to be used, but since it is easily available and many types of blocking groups can be selected, ⁇ -cyclodextrin, ⁇ -cyclodextrin, ⁇ -cyclo Cyclodextrins such as dextrin are preferred. For example, as will be described later, when polyethylene glycol is selected as the linear molecule, ⁇ -cyclodextrin is preferred from the viewpoint of the stability of the resulting clathrate.
- a part of the hydroxyl groups of the cyclodextrins is modified with a modifying group that improves the compatibility with the polyester resin (hereinafter also referred to as “solubility-imparting group”). It is preferable.
- solubility-imparting group examples include an acetyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a trityl group, a trimethylsilyl group, a phenyl group, a polyester chain, an oxyethylene chain, and a polyacrylate chain.
- strand as a polyester chain from a viewpoint of improving the compatibility to the polyester resin of a polyrotaxane.
- These solubility-imparting groups may be introduced alone, or two or more of them may be introduced.
- the hydroxyl group of the cyclodextrins is first modified with an oxyethylene chain, and the introduced oxyethylene chain terminal end is introduced.
- a method of introducing a polyester chain starting from a hydroxyl group can be used. Specifically, after adding a hydroxypropyl group to a hydroxyl group present in cyclodextrin itself, ring-opening polymerization of ⁇ -caprolactone can be carried out via the hydroxyl group of the hydroxypropyl group to introduce a polycaprolactone chain.
- the introduction rate of the solubility-imparting group, when using cyclodextrins as the cyclic molecule, is preferably a lower limit of 10 mol% and a preferred upper limit with respect to the total hydroxyl groups of the cyclodextrins. Is 90 mol%, a more preferred lower limit is 30 mol%, and a more preferred upper limit is 70 mol%. *
- the polycaprolactone chain is also referred to as a substituent at the terminal (hereinafter referred to as “terminal substituent”) for the purpose of further improving the compatibility of the polyrotaxane with the polyester resin.
- terminal substituent examples include a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an ester group, and a (meth) acryloyl group. Of these, a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group are preferable, and a carboxyl group is more preferable.
- the “(meth) acryloyl” means at least one of “acryloyl” and “methacryloyl”.
- the preferable lower limit is 50 mol%
- the preferable upper limit is 90 mol%
- the more preferable lower limit is 70 mol% with respect to the entire terminal of the polycaprolactone chain.
- the terminal substituent of the polycaprolactone chain includes a reactive group such as a terminal hydroxyl group of the polycaprolactone chain of the cyclic molecule before introducing the substituent, a functional group capable of reacting with the reactive group, and a substituent to be introduced. It can introduce
- a carboxyl group for example, succinic anhydride, methyl succinic anhydride, dodecenyl succinic anhydride, caronic anhydride, Maleic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, 1,1-cyclohexanediacetic anhydride, diacetyltartaric anhydride, glutaric anhydride, 3,3-dimethylglutaric anhydride, diglycolic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, anhydrous Trimellitic acid, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hymic anhydride, chlorendic anhydride, camphoric anhydride, norbornadiene dicarboxylic anhydride, 1,8-naphthalic acid Cyclic acids such
- the preferable lower limit of the contact ratio is 0.1%, the preferable upper limit is 60%, the more preferable lower limit is 1%, the more preferable upper limit is 50%, the still more preferable lower limit is 5%, and the further preferable upper limit is 40%.
- the maximum inclusion amount can be determined by the length of the linear molecule and the thickness of the cyclic molecule. For example, the maximum inclusion amount when the linear molecule is polyethylene glycol and the cyclic molecule is ⁇ -cyclodextrin is experimentally determined (see Macromolecules 1993, 26, 5698-5703).
- the linear molecule is not particularly limited as long as it can be clasped into the opening of the cyclic molecule.
- polyethylene glycol, polyisoprene, polyisobutylene, polybutadiene, polypropylene glycol, polytetrahydrofuran, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinyl methyl ether are preferable, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetrahydrofuran, polydimethylsiloxane, Polyethylene and polypropylene are more preferred, and polyethylene glycol is even more preferred.
- the “(meth) acryl” means at least one of “acryl” and “methacryl”.
- the preferable lower limit of the weight average molecular weight of the linear molecule is 3000, and the preferable upper limit is 300,000.
- the more preferable lower limit of the weight average molecular weight of the linear molecule is 5000, the more preferable upper limit is 100,000, the still more preferable lower limit is 10,000, and the still more preferable upper limit is 50,000.
- the mass average molecular weight of the said linear molecule is a value calculated
- the linear molecule is preferably polyethylene glycol
- the cyclic molecule is preferably a molecule derived from ⁇ -cyclodextrin.
- the blocking groups are arranged at both ends of the linear molecule included in the cyclic molecule and have a role of preventing the cyclic molecule from leaving.
- a conventionally known method for example, a method described in JP-A-2005-154675
- JP-A-2005-154675 a method described in JP-A-2005-154675
- Examples of the blocking group include dinitrophenyl groups, cyclodextrins, adamantane groups, trityl groups, fluoresceins, silsesquioxanes, pyrenes, anthracenes, and the like, and a mass average molecular weight of 1,000 to 1,000,000. Examples include a main chain or a side chain of a polymer. Of these, dinitrophenyl groups, cyclodextrins, adamantane groups, trityl groups, fluoresceins, silsesquioxanes, and pyrenes are preferable, and adamantane groups and trityl groups are more preferable.
- Examples of the polymer having a mass average molecular weight of 1,000 to 1,000,000 include polyamide, polyimide, polyurethane, polydimethylsiloxane, and polyacrylate. Two or more of these blocking groups may be mixed in the polyrotaxane.
- the minimum with preferable content of the said polyrotaxane in the whole polyester resin composition of this invention is 0.1 mass%, and a preferable upper limit is 20 mass%.
- a preferable upper limit is 20 mass%.
- the more preferable lower limit of the polyrotaxane content is 0.5% by mass, the more preferable upper limit is 15% by mass, and the still more preferable upper limit is 10% by mass.
- the polyester resin composition of the present invention is a cross-linking agent, a curing accelerator, a hydrolysis inhibitor, an antioxidant, a plasticizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a crystal nucleating agent, if necessary, as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- Various additives such as flame retardants and fillers may be contained.
- crosslinking agent examples include polycarbodiimide, styrene / acrylic copolymer having an epoxy group, acrylic copolymer having an epoxy group, and ethylene-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer.
- hydrolysis inhibitor examples include carbodiimide compounds, isocyanate compounds, oxazoline compounds, and the like.
- antioxidants examples include phenol-based antioxidants, amine-based antioxidants, phosphorus-based antioxidants, and sulfur-based antioxidants.
- plasticizer examples include glycerin ester compounds, lactic acid ester compounds, dibasic acid ester compounds, and polyalkylene glycols.
- ultraviolet absorber examples include benzophenone ultraviolet absorbers, benzotriazole ultraviolet absorbers, triazine ultraviolet absorbers, and benzoate ultraviolet absorbers.
- crystal nucleating agent examples include organic amide compounds, organic hydrazide compounds, carboxylic acid ester compounds, organic sulfonates, organic phosphonates, and talc.
- Examples of the flame retardant include a brominated flame retardant, a metal hydroxide flame retardant, and a phosphorus flame retardant.
- filler examples include glass fiber, glass bead, carbon fiber, calcium carbonate, clay, cellulose, chitin and the like.
- the content of the additive is preferably 100% by mass or less in total with respect to the entire polyester resin composition of the present invention.
- the polyester resin, the polyrotaxane, and additives used as necessary are uniformly mixed with a Henschel mixer, a blender, etc., and then rolled, extruded. After melt-kneading using a melt-kneader such as a machine, Banbury mixer, plastograph, Brabender, etc., or after dissolving the polyester resin, the polyrotaxane, and additives used as necessary in a solvent And a method of removing the solvent.
- a melt-kneader such as a machine, Banbury mixer, plastograph, Brabender, etc.
- a molded article obtained by molding the polyester resin composition of the present invention is also one aspect of the present invention.
- the shape of the molded body of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a strand shape, a film shape, a flat plate shape, and a pellet shape.
- Examples of the method for producing the molded body of the present invention include an injection molding method, a compression molding method, an extrusion molding method, an inflation molding method, a blow molding method, and a calendar molding method.
- the molded article of the present invention has a preferred lower limit of elongation at break representing stretchability of 50%, a more preferred lower limit of 100%, a still more preferred lower limit of 150%, and a particularly preferred lower limit of 200%.
- the elongation at break can be measured, for example, by performing a tensile test using a universal testing machine such as AGS-J (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) at a measurement temperature of 25 ° C. and a tensile speed of 20 mm / min.
- the molded body of the present invention is hard and has stretchability, it can be used for a wide range of applications.
- Examples of uses of the molded article of the present invention include films, agricultural materials, electric / electronic parts, building members, automobile parts, daily necessities, fibers, and the like.
- the polyester resin composition which can obtain the molded object which is excellent in extendibility can be provided. Moreover, according to this invention, the molded object formed by shape
- FIG. 1 is a transmission electron micrograph of the resin composition obtained in Example 4.
- Example 1 Crystalline polylactic acid (“Ingeo Polymer 2003D”, poly-L-lactic acid, weight average molecular weight 200,000, manufactured by Nature Works) as the polyester resin and PR described above as the polyrotaxane in chloroform at the blending ratio shown in Table 1 After dissolving and stirring for 1 hour, chloroform was removed to obtain a resin composition.
- 1 is a transmission electron micrograph of the resin composition obtained in Example 4.
- Example 3 A resin composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that poly ⁇ -caprolactone (“Plexel 302” manufactured by Daicel Corporation) was used in place of the polyrotaxane.
- poly ⁇ -caprolactone (“Plexel 302” manufactured by Daicel Corporation) was used in place of the polyrotaxane.
- Example 4 A resin composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that polyethylene glycol (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was used in place of the polyrotaxane.
- polyethylene glycol manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- Example 5 A resin composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that glycerin diacetomonolaurate (manufactured by Riken Vitamin Co., Ltd., “Riquemar PL-012”) was used as a low molecular plasticizer instead of polyrotaxane.
- glycerin diacetomonolaurate manufactured by Riken Vitamin Co., Ltd., “Riquemar PL-012”
- Example 6 Crystalline polylactic acid (manufactured by Nature Works, “Ingeo Polymer 2003D”, poly-L-lactic acid, weight average molecular weight 200,000) as a polyester resin, and colorless rubber-like carboxylated polyrotaxane synthesized in Production Example 1 as a polyrotaxane 1 was added to a kneading / extrusion molding evaluation test apparatus (“Labo Plast Mill 4C150” manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) at the blending ratio described in 1 and melt-kneaded at 190 ° C. and a rotation speed of 50 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain a resin composition Obtained.
- a kneading / extrusion molding evaluation test apparatus (“Labo Plast Mill 4C150” manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) at the blending ratio described in 1 and melt-kneaded at 190 ° C. and a rotation speed of 50 rpm for 10
- Example 8 A resin composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the white rubber-like carboxylated polyrotaxane synthesized in Production Example 2 was used in place of the colorless rubber-like carboxylated polyrotaxane synthesized in Production Example 1. It was.
- Example 9 Example 6 except that amorphous polylactic acid (manufactured by Nature Works, “Ingeo Polymer 4060D”, poly-DL-lactic acid, weight average molecular weight 100,000) was used as the polyester resin in place of crystalline polylactic acid. In the same manner as above, a resin composition was obtained.
- amorphous polylactic acid manufactured by Nature Works, “Ingeo Polymer 4060D”, poly-DL-lactic acid, weight average molecular weight 100,000
- Table 1 shows the semicrystalline polyglycolic acid (manufactured by Kureha, “Kuredux 100R60”, weight average molecular weight 170,000) as the polyester resin and the colorless rubber-like carboxylated polyrotaxane synthesized in Production Example 1 as the polyrotaxane.
- the blending ratio was added to a kneading / extrusion molding evaluation test apparatus (“Labo Plast Mill 4C150” manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.), and melt-kneaded at 230 ° C. and a rotation speed of 50 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain a resin composition.
- the obtained test piece was subjected to a tensile test using a universal testing machine (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, “AGS-J”) at a measurement temperature of 25 ° C. and a tensile speed of 20 mm / min, yield stress, breaking stress, and breaking We asked for growth.
- AGS-J universal testing machine
- a tensile test was performed at a measurement temperature of 25 ° C. and a tensile speed of 1 mm / min to obtain a tensile elastic modulus.
- Total light transmittance Each resin composition obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples using polylactic acid was sandwiched between metal plates, pressed at 180 ° C. and 10 MPa for 2 minutes, then cooled in a 20 ° C. cooling press for 2 minutes, and long A film-like molded body having a thickness of 100 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a thickness of 0.2 mm was obtained. About the obtained molded object, the total light transmittance was measured using the haze meter (The Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd. make, "NDH 300A").
- Comparative Examples 3 and 5 prepared by blending a large amount of polycaprolactone and a low molecular plasticizer, the elongation at break was greatly improved as in the case of blending polyrotaxane, but the yield stress and tensile modulus were increased. It can be seen that the total light transmittance is greatly reduced. Moreover, from Example 6 and Example 9 of Table 1, it can be seen that, in both the crystalline polyester resin and the amorphous polyester resin, the effect of greatly improving the breaking elongation can be obtained without greatly reducing the yield stress. .
- FIG. 1 shows that in the polyester resin composition of the present invention, the polyrotaxane forms very fine domains of several tens of nm or less. From this, it is considered that the polyrotaxane is excellent in compatibility with the polyester resin.
- the polyester resin composition which can obtain the molded object which is excellent in extendibility can be provided. Moreover, according to this invention, the molded object formed by shape
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Abstract
Description
以下に本発明を詳述する。
前記ポリエステル樹脂は、主鎖にエステル結合を有する重合体であれば特に限定されず、例えば、ポリ乳酸、ポリグリコール酸等のα-ヒドロキシカルボン酸系ポリエステル、ポリε-カプロラクトン、ポリδ-バレロラクトン等のラクトン系ポリエステル、ポリエチレンサクシネート、ポリブチレンアジペート等のジオール・ジカルボン酸系ポリエステル等の脂肪族ポリエステル、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリトリメチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート等の芳香族ポリエステル等が挙げられる。なかでも、ポリロタキサンとの相溶性の観点から、α-ヒドロキシカルボン酸系ポリエステルを含有することが好ましく、生分解性の観点から、ポリ乳酸系樹脂及び/又はポリグリコール酸系樹脂を含有することがより好ましい。また、透明性が求められる用途においては、ポリ乳酸系樹脂が好ましい。
前記ポリエステル樹脂は、単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよいし、共重合体であってもよい。
なお、前記「ポリ乳酸系樹脂」は、乳酸に由来するセグメントを有する重合体を意味し、本発明の目的を損なわない範囲において、乳酸以外の他の共重合成分に由来するセグメントを有していてもよい。同様に、前記「ポリグリコール酸系樹脂」は、グリコール酸に由来するセグメントを有する重合体を意味し、本発明の目的を損なわない範囲において、グリコール酸以外の他の共重合成分に由来するセグメントを有していてもよい。
前記ポリエステル樹脂は、生分解性の観点から、主鎖が脂肪族構造のみで構成されていることが好ましい。
なお、本明細書において前記質量平均分子量は、特に断りがない限り、GPCで測定を行い、ポリスチレン換算により求められる値である。GPCによってポリスチレン換算による質量平均分子量を測定する際のカラムとしては、例えば、TSKgel SuperHM-M(東ソー社製)等が挙げられる。
前記ポリエステル樹脂が結晶性又は半結晶性である場合の融点の好ましい下限は60℃、好ましい上限は250℃であり、より好ましい下限は100℃、より好ましい上限は200℃である。
前記ポリエステル樹脂が非晶性である場合のガラス転移温度の好ましい下限は40℃、好ましい上限は250℃であり、より好ましい下限は50℃、より好ましい上限は200℃である。
前記環状分子により前記直鎖状分子を包接する方法としては、従来公知の方法(例えば、特開2005-154675号公報記載の方法等)を用いることができる。
なお、本明細書において、前記環状分子の「環状」とは、実質的に環状であることを意味し、前記直鎖状分子上で移動可能であれば、完全な閉環構造体でなくてもよく、例えば、螺旋構造体であってもよい。
前記環状ポリマーとしては、例えば、クラウンエーテル及びその誘導体、カリックスアレーン及びその誘導体、シクロファン及びその誘導体、クリプタンド及びその誘導体等が挙げられる。
前記環状分子としては、用いる直鎖状分子の種類によって適宜選択されるが、入手の容易さ、及び、封鎖基の種類を多数選択できることから、α-シクロデキストリン、β-シクロデキストリン、γ-シクロデキストリン等のシクロデキストリン類が好ましい。例えば、後述するように、直鎖状分子としてポリエチレングリコールを選択した場合には、得られる包接体の安定性の観点から、α-シクロデキストリンが好ましい。
前記ポリカプロラクトン鎖の末端置換基としては、水酸基、カルボキシル基、エステル基、(メタ)アクリロイル基等が挙げられる。なかでも、水酸基、カルボキシル基が好ましく、カルボキシル基がより好ましい。
なお、本明細書において、前記「(メタ)アクリロイル」とは、「アクリロイル」及び「メタクリロイル」の少なくともいずれかを意味する。
前記反応性基と反応可能な官能基及び導入したい置換基を有する化合物としては、カルボキシル基を導入したい場合は、例えば、無水コハク酸、メチル無水コハク酸、ドデセニル無水コハク酸、カロン酸無水物、無水マレイン酸、シトラコン酸無水物、1,1-シクロヘキサン二酢酸無水物、ジアセチル酒石酸無水物、グルタル酸無水物、3,3-ジメチルグルタル酸無水物、ジグリコール酸無水物、無水フタル酸、無水トリメリト酸、ヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸、メチルヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸、メチルテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、テトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、無水ハイミック酸、無水クロレンド酸、無水カンファー酸、ノルボルナジエンジカルボン酸無水物、1,8-ナフタル酸無水物、イサト酸無水物、ジフェン酸無水物等の環状酸無水物が挙げられ、エステル基を導入したい場合は、例えば、アセチルクロリド、プロピオン酸クロリド等の酸塩化物、無水酢酸、プロピオン酸無水物等のカルボン酸無水物、酢酸メチル、アセト酢酸エチル等のエステルが挙げられ、(メタ)アクリロイル基を導入したい場合は、例えば、(メタ)アクリロイルクロリド、(メタ)アクリル酸無水物、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネート、2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート、α-メタクリロイルオキシ-γ-ブチロラクトン、β-メタクリロイルオキシ-γ-ブチロラクトン等が挙げられる。
なお、前記最大包接量は、直鎖状分子の長さ、及び、環状分子の厚さによって決定することができる。例えば、直鎖状分子がポリエチレングリコールであり、環状分子がα-シクロデキストリンである場合の最大包接量は実験的に求められている(Macromolecules 1993,26,5698-5703参照)。
なお、本明細書において、前記「(メタ)アクリル」とは、「アクリル」及び「メタクリル」の少なくともいずれかを意味する。
なお、前記直鎖状分子の質量平均分子量は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)で測定を行い、ポリエチレングリコール換算により求められる値である。GPCによってポリエチレングリコール換算による質量平均分子量を測定する際のカラムとしては、例えば、TSKgel SuperAWM-H(東ソー社製)等が挙げられる。
なかでも、ジニトロフェニル基類、シクロデキストリン類、アダマンタン基類、トリチル基類、フルオレセイン類、シルセスキオキサン類、ピレン類が好ましく、アダマンタン基類、トリチル基類がより好ましい。
前記質量平均分子量1000~100万の高分子としては、例えば、ポリアミド、ポリイミド、ポリウレタン、ポリジメチルシロキサン、ポリアクリル酸エステル等が挙げられる。
これらの封鎖基は、ポリロタキサン中で2種以上混在していてもよい。
本発明の成形体の形状は特に限定されず、例えば、ストランド状、フィルム状、平板状、ペレット状等が挙げられる。
なお、上記破断伸びは、例えば、AGS-J(島津製作所社製)等の万能試験機を用いて、測定温度25℃、引張速度20mm/minの条件で引張試験を行なうことにより測定できる。
(カルボキシル化ポリロタキサン(無色ゴム状)の製造)
直鎖状分子として、ポリエチレングリコール(質量平均分子量35000)、環状分子として、ヒドロキシプロピル基を導入した後、ε-カプロラクトンをグラフト重合したα-シクロデキストリン(ヒドロキシプロピル基の置換度51%)、及び、封鎖基としてアダマンタンアミン基を有するポリロタキサン(環状分子の包接率25%、質量平均分子量470000、水酸基価74mgKOH/g、以下、「PR」ともいう)の35質量%キシレン溶液100gに、4-メチルヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸/ヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸混合物(東京理化社製、「リカシッドMH-700」)9.2g、トリエチルアミン14.0g、及び、4-ジメチルアミノピリジン0.34gを添加し、80℃で3時間撹拌した。得られた混合液を室温まで冷却し、p-トルエンスルホン酸一水和物32.3gを加え、室温で30分撹拌した。得られた白色スラリーに大量のメタノールを加え、ポリマーを析出させた後、上澄みを抜き出し、更にメタノールで3回洗浄し白色沈殿物を得た。得られた白色沈殿物を120℃で3時間乾燥させ、無色ゴム状のカルボキシル化ポリロタキサンを40g得た。得られた無色ゴム状のカルボキシル化ポリロタキサンの酸価をJIS K 0070に準拠した方法で測定したところ、カルボキシル基の導入率(修飾率)は89.2%であった。
(カルボキシル化ポリロタキサン(白色ゴム状)の製造)
製造例1にて上述したPRの35質量%キシレン溶液100gに、4-メチルヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸/ヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸混合物(東京理化社製、「リカシッドMH-700」)9.2gを添加し、80℃で6時間撹拌した。得られた混合液を室温まで冷却し、大量のメタノールを加え、ポリマーを析出させた後、上澄みを抜き出し、更にメタノールで3回洗浄し白色沈殿物を得た。得られた白色沈殿物を80℃で3時間乾燥させ、白色ゴム状のカルボキシル化ポリロタキサンを37g得た。得られた白色ゴム状のカルボキシル化ポリロタキサンの酸価をJIS K 0070に準拠した方法で測定したところ、カルボキシル基の導入率(修飾率)は70.6%であった。
ポリエステル樹脂として結晶性ポリ乳酸(ネイチャーワークス社製、「IngeoPolymer 2003D」、ポリ-L-乳酸、質量平均分子量20万)と、ポリロタキサンとして上述したPRとを、表1に記載した配合割合でクロロホルムに溶解させ、1時間撹拌した後、クロロホルムを除去し、樹脂組成物を得た。
図1は、実施例4で得られた樹脂組成物の透過型電子顕微鏡写真である。
ポリロタキサンを配合しなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、樹脂組成物を得た。
ポリロタキサンに代えてポリε-カプロラクトン(ダイセル社製、「プラクセル302」)を用いたこと以外は実施例4と同様にして、樹脂組成物を得た。
ポリロタキサンに代えてポリε-カプロラクトン(ダイセル社製、「プラクセル302」)を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、樹脂組成物を得た。
ポリロタキサンに代えてポリエチレングリコール(和光純薬工業社製)を用いたこと以外は実施例4と同様にして、樹脂組成物を得た。
ポリロタキサンに代えて低分子可塑剤としてグリセリンジアセトモノラウレート(理研ビタミン社製、「リケマールPL-012」)を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、樹脂組成物を得た。
ポリエステル樹脂として結晶性ポリ乳酸(ネイチャーワークス製、「IngeoPolymer 2003D」、ポリ-L-乳酸、質量平均分子量20万)と、ポリロタキサンとして製造例1で合成した無色ゴム状のカルボキシル化ポリロタキサンとを、表1に記載した配合割合で、混練・押出成形評価試験装置(東洋精機製作所社製、「ラボプラストミル4C150」)に投入し、190℃、回転数50rpmで10分間溶融混練し、樹脂組成物を得た。
製造例1で合成した無色ゴム状のカルボキシル化ポリロタキサンに代えて、製造例2で合成した白色ゴム状のカルボキシル化ポリロタキサンを用いたこと以外は、実施例6と同様にして、樹脂組成物を得た。
ポリエステル樹脂として、結晶性ポリ乳酸に代えて、非晶性ポリ乳酸(ネイチャーワークス社製、「IngeoPolymer 4060D」、ポリ-DL-乳酸、質量平均分子量10万)を用いたこと以外は、実施例6と同様にして、樹脂組成物を得た。
ポリロタキサンを配合しなかったこと以外は実施例6と同様にして、樹脂組成物を得た。
ポリロタキサンを配合しなかったこと以外は実施例9と同様にして、樹脂組成物を得た。
ポリエステル樹脂として半結晶性ポリグリコール酸(クレハ社製、「Kuredux 100R60」、質量平均分子量17万)と、ポリロタキサンとして製造例1で合成した無色ゴム状のカルボキシル化ポリロタキサンとを、表1に記載した配合割合で、混練・押出成形評価試験装置(東洋精機製作所社製、「ラボプラストミル4C150」)に投入し、230℃、回転数50rpmで10分間溶融混練し、樹脂組成物を得た。
ポリロタキサンを配合しなかったこと以外は実施例10と同様にして、樹脂組成物を得た。
ポリカーボネート(帝人化成社製、「パンライト L1225-Y」、質量平均分子量2.2万)と、ポリロタキサンとして製造例1で合成した無色ゴム状のカルボキシル化ポリロタキサンとを、表2に記載した配合割合で、混練・押出成形評価試験装置(東洋精機製作所社製、「ラボプラストミル4C150」)に投入し、260℃、回転数50rpmで10分間溶融混練し、樹脂組成物を得た。
ポリロタキサンを配合しなかったこと以外は比較例9と同様にして、樹脂組成物を得た。
実施例及び比較例で得られた各樹脂組成物について、以下の評価を行った。結果を表1、2に示した。
実施例及び比較例で得られた各樹脂組成物を、金属板に挟み、180℃(比較例9、10の場合は、240℃)、10MPaで2分間プレスし、その後、20℃の冷却プレス機で2分間冷却し、長さ100mm、幅100mm、厚さ0.6mmのシート状の成形体を得た。得られた成形体から、JIS K 7162-5Bに準拠して、引張試験用の試験片を切り出した。
得られた試験片について、万能試験機(島津製作所製、「AGS-J」)を用いて、測定温度25℃、引張速度20mm/minで引張試験を行ない、降伏応力、破断応力、及び、破断伸びを求めた。また、測定温度25℃、引張速度1mm/minで引張試験を行ない、引張弾性率を求めた。
ポリ乳酸を使用した実施例及び比較例で得られた各樹脂組成物を、金属板に挟み、180℃、10MPaで2分間プレスし、その後、20℃の冷却プレス機で2分間冷却し、長さ100mm、幅100mm、厚さ0.2mmのフィルム状の成形体を得た。得られた成形体について、ヘーズメーター(日本電色工業社製、「NDH 300A」)を用いて、全光線透過率を測定した。
また、表1の実施例6と実施例9とから、結晶性ポリエステル樹脂及び非晶性ポリエステル樹脂の両方において、降伏応力を大きく低下させることなく破断伸びを大きく向上させる効果が得られることがわかる。
更に、実施例10、11と比較例8との比較から、ポリエステル樹脂としてポリグリコール酸を用いた場合も、ポリロタキサンを混合することにより、降伏応力を大きく低下させることなく破断伸びを大きく向上させることができることがわかる。
更に、表2の比較例9と比較例10とから、ポリカーボネート樹脂では、ポリロタキサンを混合することによる効果が見られないことがわかる。
図1から、本発明のポリエステル樹脂組成物中において、ポリロタキサンは、数十nm以下の非常に微細なドメインを形成していることがわかる。このことから、ポリロタキサンは、ポリエステル樹脂に対して相溶性に優れていると考えられる。
Claims (4)
- ポリエステル樹脂、及び、
環状分子と、該環状分子の開口部を串刺し状に貫通する直鎖状分子と、該直鎖状分子の両端を封鎖する封鎖基とからなるポリロタキサンを含有する
ことを特徴とするポリエステル樹脂組成物。 - ポリエステル樹脂は、ポリ乳酸系樹脂及び/又はポリグリコール酸系樹脂を含有する請求項1記載のポリエステル樹脂組成物。
- ポリロタキサンは、直鎖状分子がポリエチレングリコールであり、かつ、環状分子がα-シクロデキストリン由来の分子である請求項1又は2記載のポリエステル樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1、2又は3記載のポリエステル樹脂組成物を成形してなる成形体。
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- 2015-08-20 WO PCT/JP2015/073340 patent/WO2016031664A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2015-08-20 CN CN201580045607.4A patent/CN106574101B/zh active Active
- 2015-08-20 JP JP2016545465A patent/JP6748577B2/ja active Active
- 2015-08-20 EP EP15835800.2A patent/EP3187540B1/en active Active
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JP2017179349A (ja) * | 2016-03-29 | 2017-10-05 | 東レ株式会社 | 樹脂組成物およびその成形品 |
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JPWO2018043025A1 (ja) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-08-30 | 東レ株式会社 | 樹脂組成物およびその成形品 |
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US10626273B2 (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2020-04-21 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Resin composition and molded article thereof |
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EP3572202A4 (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2020-09-09 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | MOLDED ARTICLES AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THEREOF |
CN110167734B (zh) * | 2017-01-18 | 2021-01-08 | 住友化学株式会社 | 成型体和其制造方法 |
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Also Published As
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CN106574101A (zh) | 2017-04-19 |
EP3187540B1 (en) | 2019-02-27 |
EP3187540A4 (en) | 2018-03-28 |
ES2722049T3 (es) | 2019-08-07 |
JPWO2016031664A1 (ja) | 2017-06-22 |
US10113061B2 (en) | 2018-10-30 |
US20170198138A1 (en) | 2017-07-13 |
TWI687481B (zh) | 2020-03-11 |
TW201609952A (zh) | 2016-03-16 |
EP3187540A1 (en) | 2017-07-05 |
JP6748577B2 (ja) | 2020-09-02 |
CN106574101B (zh) | 2020-05-05 |
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