WO2015129314A1 - 電動車両 - Google Patents
電動車両 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015129314A1 WO2015129314A1 PCT/JP2015/050774 JP2015050774W WO2015129314A1 WO 2015129314 A1 WO2015129314 A1 WO 2015129314A1 JP 2015050774 W JP2015050774 W JP 2015050774W WO 2015129314 A1 WO2015129314 A1 WO 2015129314A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- electric
- cell stack
- casing
- vehicle
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/22—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or type of main drive shafting, e.g. cardan shaft
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electric vehicle.
- An electric vehicle in which a fuel cell stack that generates electric power and a vehicle driving electric motor that is driven by electric power from the fuel cell stack is accommodated in an accommodating chamber formed in the front of the passenger compartment in the vehicle length direction is known. (See Patent Document 1).
- a fuel cell stack is disposed above the electric motor.
- Patent Document 1 does not specifically disclose how to support the fuel cell stack. However, it is not always easy to stably support the fuel cell stack while ensuring the motion performance of the electric vehicle.
- a fuel cell stack that generates electric power, an electric motor for driving a vehicle driven by electric power from the fuel cell stack, and a voltage or current from the fuel cell stack or a voltage or current to the electric motor is adjusted.
- An electric regulator that accommodates the electric motor and the electric regulator in a common casing and accommodates the electric regulator and the electric regulator in a housing chamber formed outward of the passenger compartment in the vehicle length direction.
- a flat stack support surface that is disposed at the bottom of the storage chamber and that extends in a substantially horizontal direction is formed at the top of the casing, and the fuel cell stack is disposed above the casing and disposed on the stack support surface.
- An electric vehicle is provided that is supported by the casing via a mount.
- the fuel cell stack can be stably supported while ensuring the motion performance of the electric vehicle.
- the electric vehicle 1 includes an occupant room 2 and an accommodation room 3 formed in front of the occupant room 2 in the vehicle length direction VL.
- the storage chamber 3 is separated from the passenger compartment 2 by a dashboard 4.
- the storage chamber 3 can be viewed as being defined by the hood 3a, the vehicle body 3b, and the dashboard 4. 1 to 3, VL indicates the vehicle length direction, VW indicates the vehicle width direction, and VH indicates the vehicle height direction.
- the vehicle length direction VL and the vehicle width direction VW are horizontal directions, and the vehicle height direction VH is a vertical direction.
- the electric vehicle 1 includes a fuel cell system A as shown in FIG. 4, and some or all of the elements of the fuel cell system A are accommodated in the accommodation chamber 3.
- the fuel cell system A includes a fuel cell stack 10.
- the fuel cell stack 10 includes a plurality of fuel cell single cells stacked in the stacking direction.
- Each single fuel cell includes a membrane electrode assembly 20.
- the membrane electrode assembly 20 includes a membrane electrolyte, an anode electrode formed on one side of the electrolyte, and a cathode electrode formed on the other side of the electrolyte.
- a fuel gas flow passage for supplying fuel gas to the anode electrode an oxidant gas flow passage for supplying oxidant gas to the cathode electrode, and cooling water to the fuel cell single cell.
- a cooling water flow passage for supplying water.
- the fuel cell stack 10 By connecting the fuel gas flow passage, the oxidant gas flow passage, and the cooling water flow passage of the plurality of fuel cell single cells in series, the fuel cell stack 10 has the fuel gas passage 30, the oxidant gas passage 40, and the cooling. Water passages 50 are respectively formed.
- a fuel gas supply passage 31 is connected to the inlet of the fuel gas passage 30, and the fuel gas supply passage 31 is connected to a fuel gas source 32.
- the fuel gas is formed from hydrogen and the fuel gas source 32 is formed from a hydrogen tank.
- a fuel gas control valve 33 that controls the amount of fuel gas flowing in the fuel gas supply path 31 is disposed in the fuel gas supply path 31.
- an anode off gas passage 34 is connected to the outlet of the fuel gas passage 30.
- anode off gas control valve 35 for controlling the amount of anode off gas flowing in the anode off gas passage 34 is disposed in the anode off gas passage 34.
- an oxidant gas supply path 41 is connected to the inlet of the oxidant gas passage 40, and the oxidant gas supply path 41 is connected to an oxidant gas source 42.
- the oxidant gas is formed from air and the oxidant gas source 42 is formed from the atmosphere.
- an air cleaner 42a and an oxidant gas supply unit or compressor 43 for pumping the oxidant gas are sequentially arranged.
- An intercooler 44 for cooling the oxidant gas sent from the compressor 43 to the fuel cell stack 10 is disposed in the oxidant gas supply path 41 downstream of the compressor 43.
- the intercooler 44 includes an air-cooled intercooler that has an air passage and cools the oxidant gas when air flows through the air passage.
- a cathode off-gas passage 45 is connected to the outlet of the oxidant gas passage 40.
- the oxidant gas in the oxidant gas source 42 is supplied into the oxidant gas passage 40 in the fuel cell stack 10 via the oxidant gas supply path 41.
- the gas flowing out from the oxidant gas passage 40 that is, the cathode off gas, flows into the cathode off gas passage 45.
- a cathode offgas control valve 46 that controls the amount of cathode offgas flowing in the cathode offgas passage 45 is disposed in the cathode offgas passage 45.
- one end of the cooling water supply path 51 is connected to the inlet of the cooling water passage 50, and the other end of the cooling water supply path 51 is connected to the outlet of the cooling water supply path 51.
- a cooling water pump 52 that pumps cooling water and a radiator 53 are disposed in the cooling water supply path 51.
- the cooling water supply passage 51 upstream of the radiator 53 and the cooling water supply passage 51 between the radiator 53 and the cooling water pump 52 are connected to each other by a radiator bypass passage 54.
- a radiator bypass control valve 55 that controls the amount of cooling water flowing in the radiator bypass passage 54 is provided.
- the radiator bypass control valve 55 is formed of a three-way valve and is disposed at the inlet of the radiator bypass passage 54.
- the cooling water discharged from the cooling water pump 52 flows into the cooling water passage 50 in the fuel cell stack 10 via the cooling water supply passage 51, and then passes through the cooling water passage 50. Then, it flows into the cooling water supply passage 51 and returns to the cooling water pump 52 via the radiator 53 or the radiator bypass passage 54.
- the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the fuel cell single cell are electrically connected in series to constitute an electrode of the fuel cell stack 10.
- the electrodes of the fuel cell stack 10 are electrically connected to a DC / DC converter 11 as shown in FIG.
- DC / DC converter 11 is electrically connected to motor generator 13 via inverter 12, and on the other hand, it is electrically connected to battery 15 via DC / DC converter 14.
- the DC / DC converter 11 is for increasing the voltage from the fuel cell stack 10 and sending it to the inverter 12, and the inverter 12 is for converting the direct current from the DC / DC converter 11 into an alternating current.
- the DC / DC converter 14 is for reducing the voltage from the fuel cell stack 10 or the motor generator 13 or increasing the voltage to the motor generator 13.
- the battery 15 is composed of a battery.
- the fuel cell system A further includes a control unit 60 including a computer.
- the control unit 60 is connected to the motor generator 13 and the control valve 33, and the motor generator 13 and the like are controlled based on a signal from the control unit 60.
- the fuel gas control valve 33 When the fuel cell stack 10 is to generate power, the fuel gas control valve 33 is opened, and the fuel gas is supplied to the fuel cell stack 10. In addition, the compressor 43 is driven and oxidant gas is discharged from the compressor 43. This oxidant gas is then sent to the intercooler 44 where it is cooled and then supplied to the fuel cell stack 10. As a result, an electrochemical reaction occurs in the single fuel cell, and electric energy is generated. The generated electrical energy is sent to the motor generator 13. As a result, the motor generator 13 is operated as an electric motor for driving the vehicle, and the vehicle is driven. Alternatively, the electric energy generated in the fuel cell stack 10 is sent to the battery 15 and stored. On the other hand, for example, when the vehicle is braked, the motor generator 13 operates as a regenerative device, and the electric energy regenerated at this time is stored in the battery 15.
- the intercooler 44 includes a casing, an oxidant gas passage through which an oxidant gas flows, and an air passage through which air flows.
- the oxidant gas passage communicates with the oxidant gas supply passage 41 described above.
- the air passage is defined by a partition wall arranged in the casing. This partition has a honeycomb structure. The partition wall extends in the length direction from the air inlet to the air outlet, and the air inlet and the air outlet are communicated with the storage chamber 3.
- the oxidant gas pipe described above extends through the partition. When air is guided to the air inlet, the air flows through the air passage, and thus the oxidant gas flowing through the oxidant gas passage is cooled by the air.
- the bottom casing 5 is accommodated in the bottom of the accommodation chamber 3.
- the bottom casing 5 includes a transaxle housing portion 5t, a motor housing portion 5m provided on one side of the transaxle housing portion 5t, and a regulator housing portion 5a provided on the other side of the transaxle housing portion 5t.
- the transaxle housing portion 5t, the motor housing portion 5m, and the adjuster housing portion 5a are integrally formed.
- the transaxle housing portion 5t houses the transaxle 7, and the motor housing portion 5m houses the motor generator 13 described above.
- the electric regulator EA mentioned later is accommodated in the regulator accommodating part 5a.
- the input / output shaft of the motor generator 13 is connected to the front drive shaft DS through the transaxle 7 described above.
- the drive shaft DS of the electric vehicle 1 passes through the transaxle housing portion 5t and extends in the vehicle width direction VW, and wheels W are attached to both ends of the front drive shaft DS.
- the transaxle housing portion 5t is disposed substantially at the center of the housing chamber 3 in the vehicle width direction VW and substantially along the vehicle length direction VL. Therefore, the motor housing portion 5m is located on one side of the transaxle housing portion 5t in the vehicle width direction VW, and the adjuster housing portion 5a is located on the other side of the transaxle housing portion 5t in the vehicle width direction VW.
- the bottom casing 5 is supported by the suspension member 6 via, for example, a rubber bottom mount MB.
- the bottom mount MB is disposed at three locations, two positions below the transaxle housing portion 5t and spaced apart in the vehicle length direction VL, and below the motor housing portion 5m. .
- the electric regulator EA adjusts the voltage or current from the fuel cell stack 10 or the voltage or current to the motor generator 13.
- the electrical regulator EA comprises a DC / DC converter 11, an inverter 12 and a DC / DC converter 14.
- the electrical regulator EA comprises at least one of a DC / DC converter 11, an inverter 12, and a DC / DC converter 14.
- the adjuster housing portion 5a has an extended portion 5ae extending substantially horizontally in the vehicle height direction VH of the drive shaft DS.
- the above-described electric adjuster EA is accommodated in the extended portion 5ae.
- the control unit 60 described above is accommodated in the regulator accommodating portion 5a below the electrical regulator EA.
- a flat stack support surface SS extending in a substantially horizontal direction is formed at the top of the bottom casing 5.
- the stack support surface SS is formed on the motor housing part, the top of 5 m and the top of the regulator housing part 5a.
- the stack support surface SS is also formed at the top of the extended portion 5ae.
- the stack support surface SS is formed on at least two of the top of the transaxle housing portion 5t, the motor housing portion and the top of 5m, and the top of the regulator housing portion 5a.
- the above fuel cell stack 10 is disposed above the bottom casing 5 in the vehicle height direction VH.
- the fuel cell stack 10 is supported by the bottom casing 5 via, for example, a rubber stack mount MS disposed on the stack support surface SS.
- the stack mount MS is provided at three locations, that is, on the top surface of the motor housing portion 5m and on the top surface of the regulator housing portion 5a and at two positions spaced apart in the vehicle length direction VL. Be placed.
- the fuel cell stack 10 is arranged such that the length direction of the fuel cell stack 10 is oriented in the vehicle width direction VW and the width direction of the fuel cell stack 10 is oriented in the vehicle length direction VL.
- the fuel cell stack 10 is disposed substantially at the center in the vehicle width direction VW.
- the length direction of the fuel cell stack 10 coincides with the stacking direction of the single cells.
- the above-described compressor 43 and air cleaner 42a are arranged in front of the fuel cell stack 10 in the vehicle length direction VL.
- the compressor 43 and the air cleaner 42a are arranged side by side in the vehicle width direction VW.
- An air duct (not shown) is provided at the air inlet of the air cleaner 42a.
- a radiator 53 is disposed in front of the intercooler 44, the compressor 43, and the air cleaner 42a in the vehicle length direction VL.
- 1 to 3 are schematic views, and for example, the drive shaft DS is not shown in FIG.
- the motor generator 13 having a relatively large weight is disposed at the bottom of the housing chamber 3 and the fuel cell stack 10 is directly supported by the bottom casing 5. Becomes lower. As a result, the motion performance or stability of the vehicle 1 is improved.
- the fuel cell stack 10 is supported on the stack support surface SS that extends in a substantially horizontal direction, the fuel cell stack 10 is stably supported.
- the fuel cell stack 10 is supported by the bottom casing 5 via the stack mount MS, a special configuration for supporting the fuel cell stack 10 is not required. Further, the fuel cell stack 10 can be easily attached.
- the stack support surface SS is flat, the gap between the fuel cell stack 10 and the bottom casing 5 is reduced. Therefore, the storage chamber 3 can be used effectively.
- the bottom casing 5 is provided with an extended portion 5ae extending upward in the vehicle height direction VH of the drive shaft DS, and the electric adjuster EA is accommodated in the extended portion 5ae. Therefore, the storage chamber 3 can be used more effectively.
- the accommodation chamber 3 is formed behind the passenger compartment 2 in the vehicle length direction VL. Therefore, in the present invention, the accommodation chamber 3 is formed outside the passenger compartment 2 in the vehicle length direction VL.
- the intercooler 44 comprises a water-cooled intercooler. That is, the above-mentioned air passage constitutes a cooling water passage, the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet of the cooling water passage are connected to the above-mentioned cooling water supply passage 51, and the cooling water flows through the cooling water passage.
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Abstract
Description
2 乗員室
3 収容室
5 底部ケーシング
10 燃料電池スタック
13 モータジェネレータ
EA 電気調整器
SS スタック支持面
Claims (4)
- 電力を発生する燃料電池スタックと、該燃料電池スタックからの電力により駆動される車両駆動用電気モータと、燃料電池スタックからの電圧もしくは電流又は電気モータへの電圧もしくは電流を調整する電気調整器とを、乗員室の車両長さ方向外方に形成された収容室内に収容した電動車両であって、
前記電気モータ及び前記電気調整器を共通のケーシング内に収容すると共に該ケーシングを収容室の底部に配置し、
該ケーシングの頂部にほぼ水平方向に拡がる平坦なスタック支持面が形成されており、
前記燃料電池スタックを前記ケーシングの上方に配置すると共に前記スタック支持面上に配置されたマウントを介して前記ケーシングにより支持するようにした、
電動車両。 - 前記電動車両のトランスアクスルも前記ケーシング内に収容されており、前記ケーシングが、前記トランスアクスルを収容するトランスアクスル収容部分と、前記電気モータを収容するモータ収容部分とを、前記電気調整器を収容する調整器収容部分と備え、前記トランスアクスル収容部分が前記収容室の車両幅方向のほぼ中央に配置され、前記モータ収容部分が前記トランスアクスル収容部分の車両幅方向の一側に配置され、前記調整器収容部分が前記トランスアクスル収容部分の車両幅方向の他側に配置され、前記モータ収容部分の頂部及び前記調整器収容部分の頂部に前記スタック支持面が形成されている、請求項1に記載の電動車両。
- 前記電動車両が前記ケーシングを貫通して前記収容室内を車両幅方向に延びるドライブシャフトを有しており、前記調整器収容部分が前記ドライブシャフトの上方をほぼ水平方向に拡がる拡張部分を含み、該拡張部分の頂部に前記スタック支持面が形成されている、請求項2に記載の電動車両。
- 前記電気調整器が、前記燃料電池スタックで発生された電圧を高めるためのコンバータと、前記燃料電池スタックで発生された直流電流を交流電流に変換するためのインバータとの一方又は両方を含む、請求項1から3までのいずれか一項に記載の電動車両。
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US15/120,920 US9902249B2 (en) | 2014-02-25 | 2015-01-14 | Electric vehicle |
KR1020167022536A KR101942165B1 (ko) | 2014-02-25 | 2015-01-14 | 전동 차량 |
DE112015000955.8T DE112015000955T5 (de) | 2014-02-25 | 2015-01-14 | Elektrisches Fahrzeug |
CN201580003565.8A CN105873782B (zh) | 2014-02-25 | 2015-01-14 | 电动车辆 |
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JP2014-034544 | 2014-02-25 | ||
JP2014034544A JP6128010B2 (ja) | 2014-02-25 | 2014-02-25 | 電動車両 |
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US (1) | US9902249B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6128010B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101942165B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105873782B (ja) |
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JP2015157609A (ja) | 2015-09-03 |
JP6128010B2 (ja) | 2017-05-17 |
US20160368358A1 (en) | 2016-12-22 |
CN105873782A (zh) | 2016-08-17 |
DE112015000955T5 (de) | 2016-11-24 |
CN105873782B (zh) | 2018-07-17 |
KR20160110491A (ko) | 2016-09-21 |
US9902249B2 (en) | 2018-02-27 |
KR101942165B1 (ko) | 2019-01-24 |
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