WO2015085462A1 - 一种制备高硅铝比的NaY分子筛的方法及其产品 - Google Patents

一种制备高硅铝比的NaY分子筛的方法及其产品 Download PDF

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WO2015085462A1
WO2015085462A1 PCT/CN2013/088875 CN2013088875W WO2015085462A1 WO 2015085462 A1 WO2015085462 A1 WO 2015085462A1 CN 2013088875 W CN2013088875 W CN 2013088875W WO 2015085462 A1 WO2015085462 A1 WO 2015085462A1
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silicon
molecular sieve
aluminum
source
nay molecular
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PCT/CN2013/088875
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English (en)
French (fr)
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袁丹华
董兴隆
徐云鹏
刘中民
王坤院
黄为
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中国科学院大连化学物理研究所
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Priority to JP2016557169A priority Critical patent/JP6190545B2/ja
Priority to EP13899055.1A priority patent/EP3081532B1/en
Priority to AU2013407624A priority patent/AU2013407624B2/en
Priority to DK13899055.1T priority patent/DK3081532T3/en
Priority to PCT/CN2013/088875 priority patent/WO2015085462A1/zh
Priority to KR1020167018310A priority patent/KR101833322B1/ko
Publication of WO2015085462A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015085462A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B39/00Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
    • C01B39/02Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof
    • C01B39/20Faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y
    • C01B39/24Type Y
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/16Alumino-silicates
    • B01J20/18Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
    • B01J20/186Chemical treatments in view of modifying the properties of the sieve, e.g. increasing the stability or the activity, also decreasing the activity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J29/00Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
    • B01J29/04Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
    • B01J29/06Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
    • B01J29/08Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y
    • B01J29/084Y-type faujasite

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of synthesis of high silicon NaY molecular sieves, and more particularly relates to the synthesis of NaY molecular sieves having high crystallinity and high silicon to aluminum ratio by using a short chain mercapto imidazole ionic liquid as a template.
  • Molecular sieves are a hydrated porous crystalline aluminosilicate with a highly structured pore cage structure.
  • NaY molecular sieve is a molecular sieve with FAU topology, which is a molecular sieve with super-cage structure arranged by ⁇ cage according to diamond structure.
  • the FAU type zeolite includes X type and ⁇ type, the difference between the two is that the aluminum content is different, that is, the silicon to aluminum ratio (Si0 2 /Al 2 0 3 ) is different, and the general X type zeolite silicon to aluminum ratio is about 2.2-3.0, and Y
  • the zeolite has a silica to alumina ratio of between 3-5.
  • Y-type zeolite is one of the main varieties used as catalysts and adsorption separating agents. It is used in the petroleum catalytic cracking industrial process and is an emerging refining technology that began to develop in the 1960s.
  • the silica-alumina ratio of the Y molecular sieve is decisive for both the catalytic cracking performance, the product distribution, and the stability of the catalyst.
  • the high silica-alumina ratio Y molecular sieve has the advantages of high catalytic activity and good stability, which has greatly improved the overall catalytic cracking industry.
  • the USY type zeolite currently used in industrial applications is a higher silica-alumina ratio Y zeolite obtained by subjecting the Y zeolite raw powder to chemical dealuminization and physical dealumination.
  • this post-treatment dealumination method is very cumbersome in practical applications.
  • the general NaY molecular sieve is prepared by a directing method under hydrothermal conditions. Specifically, the Y-type molecular sieve seed crystal is prepared in a high alkalinity environment, and then the seed crystal is added to the NaY synthetic mixed gel system.
  • the silica-alumina ratio of the Y molecular sieve obtained by this method is generally about 5.5.
  • the direct method hydrothermal synthesis of high-silica Y-type zeolite Si0 2 /Al 2 0 3 >6) can avoid complicated post-treatment process, save a lot of manpower and material resources, and reduce environmental pollution. At the same time, it has a better catalytic effect due to its complete crystal structure and uniform chemical distribution. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the direct synthesis of high-silica Y-type zeolite.
  • a FAU homomorphic polymorph of CSZ-3 having a silica-alumina ratio greater than 6 is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,333, 859, which is a Cs+ combination seed crystal having a large ionic radius. Obtained under the conditions.
  • the product has the following composition: 0.8-0.95Na 2 O: 0.02-0.20 Cs 2 O: Al 2 O 3 :
  • a FAU homopolymorph named ECR-4 having a silica-alumina ratio greater than 6 is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,714,601, which is a bis(2-hydroxyethyl:)dimethylammonium ion or Other larger thiol quaternary ammonium salts are used as templating agents, which are prepared by hydrothermal crystallization at 70-120 °C.
  • the initial gel mixture of the material has a silica to alumina molar ratio of 4-20 and a water to alumina molar ratio of 100-400.
  • RDelprato Zeolites, 10 (1990) 546-552
  • a Y-type zeolite with a silica-aluminum ratio between 6 and 10 by direct hydrothermal synthesis with crown ether, demonstrating direct hydrothermal synthesis with the participation of organic templating agents.
  • the possibility of high silicon Y zeolite Subsequent articles and patents in this area have been reported (Zeolites, 13 (1993) 122-127; US 5273945; Zeolites, 15 (1995) 90-96).
  • crown ether is superior as a templating agent, it is not suitable for practical production because it is expensive and highly toxic.
  • a FAU homomorphic polymorph of ECR-32 having a silica-alumina ratio greater than 6 is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,931,267, which is based on tetrapropyl and/or tetrabutylammonium hydroxide as a template. .
  • the reaction mixture for preparing the material has a silica to alumina molar ratio of 9 to 36 and a water to alumina molar ratio of 120 to 500.
  • F. Delprato Zeolites, 13 (1993) 122-127) also synthesized a high silicon Y with a silicon-aluminum ratio of about 7 using polyethylene oxide (PEO) as a template.
  • PEO polyethylene oxide
  • the molecular weight of PEO was 2000-8000. It is advantageous to obtain a Y molecular sieve with better crystallinity.
  • CN1736867A uses a long chain sulfhydryl ionic liquid 1-hexadecano-3-methylimidazolium bromide or Mesoporous Y molecular sieves were prepared by using 1-hexadecanyl-3-methylbromide pyridine as a template.
  • the concern is the effect of Y molecular sieves with mesoporous structure on the catalytic activity, and does not involve the ratio of silicon to aluminum and conventional Whether the Y molecular sieve synthesized by the template method has an improved content.
  • the templating agents used in the synthesis of high-silicon Y are mainly quaternary ammonium salts or cyclic, chain alcohols, ethers, etc., and do not use a non-volatile short-chain mercapto imidazole ionic liquid as a template or structure directing agent.
  • a high crystallinity NaY molecular sieve having a silicon to aluminum ratio of 6 or more is synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Summary of the invention
  • the inventors of the present invention have found through experiments that by selecting a suitable short-chain sulfhydryl ionic liquid as a template, high crystallinity can be obtained.
  • NaY molecular sieve, and the molecular sieve has a framework silicon to aluminum ratio of 6 or more. Based on this finding, the present invention has been formed.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing a NaY molecular sieve having a high silicon to aluminum ratio, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
  • step b) maintaining the initial gel mixture obtained in step a) at a temperature not higher than 50 ° C for 1 to 100 hours, to obtain a homogeneous gel mixture;
  • step b) The uniform gel mixture obtained in step b) is charged into a high pressure synthesis reactor, sealed, heated to 70-130 ° C, and crystallized under autogenous pressure for 3 to 30 days;
  • the NaY molecular sieve obtained therein has a silicon to aluminum ratio of 6 or more, and ILs is a short chain mercapto imidazole ionic liquid, and the short chain mercapto imidazole ionic liquid is 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide.
  • the initial gel mixture obtained in step a) has the following molar ratio:
  • the silicon source is based on Si0 2
  • the aluminum source is based on A1 2 0 3
  • the alkali source is based on Na 2 0.
  • the silicon source used in the step a) is one or a mixture of silica sol, active silica and orthosilicate
  • the aluminum source is sodium aluminate, active oxidation a mixture of one or any of aluminum and aluminum decoxide
  • the alkali source is sodium hydroxide.
  • the temperature at which the aging is performed in step b) is 10-50 ° C for a period of 8-72 hours.
  • the temperature for crystallization in the step c) is 80-110 ° C and the crystallization time is 8-24 days.
  • step c) the crystallization process in step c) is carried out either statically or dynamically.
  • the present invention also provides a high silicon to aluminum ratio NaY molecular sieve prepared by the above method, characterized in that the NaY molecular sieve has a silica to alumina ratio of 6 or more.
  • Advantageous effects of the present invention include, but are not limited to, obtaining a NaY molecular sieve having a silica to alumina ratio of 6 or more by using a specific short chain mercapto imidazole ionic liquid as a template.
  • Figure 1 is an XRD chart of a product synthesized in accordance with Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the product synthesized in accordance with Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a magnetic diagram ( 29 Si-NMR) of a silicon core of a product synthesized according to Example 1 of the present invention. detailed description
  • the invention adopts a short-chain mercapto imidazole ionic liquid as a template or a structure directing agent, and synthesizes a pure phase high silicon-aluminum ratio NaY under hydrothermal conditions by mixing an appropriate silicon source, an aluminum source and an alkali source in deionized water. Molecular sieves.
  • the method of the present invention for preparing a NaY molecular sieve having a high silicon to aluminum ratio is as follows:
  • the initial gel mixture has the following molar ratio:
  • ILs/Al 2 O 3 0.1 ⁇ 6, wherein ILs is a short chain mercapto imidazole ionic liquid, the silicon source is calculated as Si0 2 , the aluminum source is based on A1 2 0 3 , and the alkali source is Na 2 0 meter;
  • step b) maintaining the initial gel mixture obtained in step a) at a temperature not higher than 50 ° C for 1 to 100 hours with stirring, to obtain a uniform gel mixture;
  • step b) The homogeneous gel mixture obtained in step b) is charged into a high-pressure synthesis kettle, sealed, heated to 70-130 ° C, and crystallized under autogenous pressure for 3 to 30 days;
  • the short chain mercapto imidazole ionic liquid used in the step a) is 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([Emim]Br), 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([Amim]Br), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([Bmim]Br), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Emim]Cl), 1-allyl A mixture of one or more of -3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Amim]Cl) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl).
  • the silicon source used in the step a) is a mixture of one or any of a silica sol, active silica and orthosilicate;
  • the aluminum source is sodium aluminate, activated alumina or helium oxygen.
  • the alkali source is sodium hydroxide.
  • the step a) SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 10 ⁇ 18 in the initial gel mixture.
  • Na 2 0/Al 2 0 3 2 ⁇ 6 in the initial gel mixture of step a).
  • the aging temperature in the step b) is 10-50 ° C, and the aging time is 8-72 hours.
  • the crystallization temperature in the step c) is 80-110 ° C, and the crystallization time is 8-24 days.
  • PANalytical's X'Pert PRO X-ray diffractometer, Cu Geba, ⁇ radiation source ( ⁇ 0.15418 ⁇ ), voltage 40 KV, current 40 mA.
  • the relative crystallinity of the product was calculated from the sum of the XRD peak intensities of the 111, 331 and 533 crystal faces, and the crystallinity of the sample in Example 1 was 100%, and the other samples were compared to the relative crystallinity.
  • the SEM topography of the product was analyzed using a Hitach SU8020 scanning electron microscope.
  • the product's silica-alumina ratio is measured using a Philips Magix 2424 X-ray fluorescence analyzer (XRF).
  • XRF Philips Magix 2424 X-ray fluorescence analyzer
  • the silicon nuclear magnetic resonance ( 29 Si MAS NMR) analysis of the product was carried out using an Infinity plus 400 WB solid-state nuclear magnetic spectrum analyzer from Varian, USA, using a BBO MAS probe with an operating magnetic field strength of 9.4T.
  • the silicon to aluminum ratio of the product can also be calculated from the 29 Si MAS NMR results as follows:
  • Example 1 The invention is described in detail below by way of examples, but the invention is not limited to the examples.
  • Example 1 The invention is described in detail below by way of examples, but the invention is not limited to the examples.
  • Example 1 the specific compounding process was as follows: 1.94 g of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([Emim]Br) and 1.19 g of sodium hydroxide were dissolved in 23 g of deionized water, followed by the addition of 2 g of aluminum. Sodium (A1 2 0 3 mass% 52%), stirred until clarified; then 24.48 g silica sol (SiO 2 mass% 30.45%) was added to obtain an initial gel mixture; The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours to form a homogeneous gel mixture; the homogeneous gel mixture was transferred to a stainless steel high pressure synthesis kettle. At this time, the molar ratio of each component of the synthesis system was 1.0 [Emim]Br: 12 SiO 2 : 1 Al 2 O 3 : 3.2 Na 2 O: 2203 ⁇ 4O.
  • the high pressure synthesis kettle was sealed and placed in an oven that had been raised to a constant temperature iio °c and statically crystallized for 14 days under autogenous pressure. After the crystallization is completed, the solid product is centrifuged and washed with deionized water until Neutral, after drying in air at 100 ° C, the original powder.
  • the sample of the original powder was subjected to XRD analysis, and the results are shown in Fig. 1 and Table 2; the scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the sample is shown in Fig. 2, and the silicon nuclear magnetic resonance ( 29 Si MAS NMR) spectrum of the sample was obtained. Shown in Figure 3, the silicon to aluminum ratio of the product is calculated by XRF and silicon nuclear magnetics, respectively. Combining the results of the above analysis, it was confirmed and determined that the synthesized product was a NaY molecular sieve having a silica to alumina ratio of more than 6.
  • the NaY molecular sieve synthesized by the method of the present invention whether the silicon-aluminum ratio determined by the XRF method or the silicon-aluminum of the product skeleton determined by the silicon nuclear magnetic data
  • the silicon-aluminum ratio of the molecular sieve samples in Examples 1-24 is significantly higher than
  • the silica-alumina ratio of the molecular sieve sample obtained in the comparative example indicates that in the case of using a conventional amine as a templating agent, the obtained sample has a relatively low silica-alumina, is difficult to reach 6, and has low crystallinity; In the case of using a short-chain mercapto imidazole ionic liquid as a template, the obtained product has a silicon to aluminum ratio of 6 or more, or even higher, and has high crystallinity.

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Abstract

 本发明涉及一种用于制备高硅铝比的NaY分子筛的方法,其中将去离子水、硅源、铝源、碱源和作为模板剂的ILs混合以得到的初始凝胶混合物:将该初始凝胶混合物保持在适当温度下老化后装入高压合成釜进行晶化,将固体产物分离,干燥后即得所述高硅铝比的NaY分子筛,其中ILs为短链烷基咪唑类离子液体。本发明方法所使用的模板剂不易挥发,并且得到的高硅Y分子筛的结晶度高且硅铝比为6以上。

Description

一种制备高硅铝比的 NaY分子筛的方法及其产品
技术领域
本发明属于高硅 NaY分子筛合成领域, 更具体地涉及以短链垸基咪 唑类离子液体为模板剂合成具有高结晶度和高硅铝比的 NaY分子筛。 背景技术
分子筛是一种水合的多孔晶体硅铝酸盐, 具有高度规整的孔笼结构。
NaY分子筛是一种具有 FAU拓扑结构的分子筛, 它是由 β笼按照金刚石 结构排列而成的具有超笼结构的分子筛。 FAU型沸石包括 X型和 Υ型, 两者的差别在于铝含量不同, 也就是硅铝比 (Si02/Al203 ) 不同, 一般 X 型沸石硅铝比大约在 2.2-3.0, 而 Y型沸石的硅铝比在 3-5之间。
Y型沸石是用作催化剂和吸附分离剂的主要品种之一,应用于石油催 化裂化工业过程,是六十年代开始发展起来的一项新兴炼油技术。作为催 化裂化催化剂的主要活性组分, Y分子筛的硅铝比对于催化裂化性能,产 物分布, 以及催化剂的稳定性都起到决定性左右。 高硅铝比的 Y分子筛 具有催化活性高、稳定性好等优点,已使整个催化裂化工业面貌大为改观。 目前工业应用的 USY型沸石是将 Y沸石原粉通过化学脱铝和物理脱铝等 处理得到的较高硅铝比的 Y沸石。 但是这种后处理脱铝方法在实际应用 中都是很耗能很繁琐的。
一般的 NaY分子筛是采用水热条件下的导向剂法制备, 具体来讲就 是先在高碱度环境下制备出 Y型分子筛晶种, 然后将此晶种加入到 NaY 合成的混合凝胶体系中, 这种方法得到的 Y分子筛的硅铝比一般在 5.5 左右。 直接法水热合成高硅 Y型沸石(Si02/Al203>6 )能够避免繁杂的后 处理过程, 节约大量的人力、物力, 减少对环境的污染。 同时由于具有完 整的晶体结构、 均匀的化学分布, 因而具有更好的催化效果。 因此, 探索 直接法合成高硅 Y型沸石具有重大意义。
1982 年美国专利 No.4333859 中公开了一种硅铝比大于 6 的名为 CSZ-3 的 FAU同质多晶型体, 它是以具有较大离子半径的 Cs+联合晶种 条件下得到的。 产物具有如下组成: 0.8-0.95Na2O:0.02-0.20Cs2O:Al2O3:
Figure imgf000004_0001
1987 年美国专利 No.4714601 中公开了一种硅铝比大于 6 的名为 ECR-4的 FAU同质多晶型体,它是以双 (2-羟乙基:)二甲基铵离子或其他的 尺寸较大的垸基季铵盐为模板剂, 经 70-120°C水热晶化制备。 该材料的 初始凝胶混合物的氧化硅与氧化铝的摩尔比为 4-20, 水与氧化铝的摩尔 比为 100-400。
1990年, RDelprato (Zeolites, 10 (1990) 546-552)首次用冠醚直接水 热合成了硅铝比在 6-10之间的 Y型沸石, 证明了在有机模板剂参与下直 接水热合成高硅 Y型沸石的可能性。 随后又有一些这方面的文章和专利 对之进行了报导 (Zeolites, 13 (1993) 122-127; US 5273945; Zeolites, 15 (1995) 90-96)。尽管冠醚作为模板剂性能优越,但由于价格昂贵且有剧毒, 不适合生产实际。
1990 年美国专利 No.4931267 中公开了一种硅铝比大于 6 的名为 ECR-32的 FAU同质多晶型体, 它是以四丙基和 /或四丁基氢氧化铵为模 板剂得到的。 制备该材料的反应混合物的氧化硅与氧化铝的摩尔比为 9-36, 水与氧化铝的摩尔比为 120-500。
1993年, F. Delprato (Zeolites, 13 (1993) 122-127 ) 用聚环氧乙垸 (PEO) 作模板剂也合成出来硅铝比约 7的高硅 Y, 其中 PEO的分子量 在 2000-8000之间有利于得到结晶较好的 Y分子筛。 该体系的凝胶组成 配比为 10SiO2:lAl2O3:2.4Na2O:xPEO:140¾O, (重量比 Si02/PEO = 3)在 100°C水热晶化 8天可得到高硅 Y。
1998年 B.De Witte (Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 23 (1998) 11-22)用环己六醇(inositol)作模板剂合成出了硅铝比在 6.2-6.6之间的 高硅 Y。 该体系的凝胶组成配比为 10SiO2:lAl2O3:2.7Na2O:0.5 环己六 醇: 140¾O, 在 110°C水热晶化 8天可得到高硅 Y。
1998年美国专利 Νο.5718593中公开了使用四乙基氢氧化铵, 四丙基 氢氧化铵或四丁基氢氧化铵做模板剂, 体系中使用少量的水, 可以使 Υ 分子筛直接成型并结晶。
CN1736867A使用长链垸基离子液体 1-十六垸基 -3-甲基溴化咪唑或 1-十六垸基 -3-甲基溴化吡啶作为模板剂制备了介孔 Y分子筛, 其关注的 是具有介孔结构的 Y分子筛对催化活性的影响, 并没有涉及硅铝比与常 规无模板法合成的 Y分子筛相比是否有提升的内容。
以前合成高硅 Y使用的模板剂主要为季铵盐类或者环状、 链状的醇 类,醚类等,而没有以不易挥发的短链垸基咪唑类离子液体为模板剂或结 构导向剂、在水热条件下合成硅铝比为 6以上的高结晶度的 NaY分子筛。 发明内容
鉴于上述, 由于 Y分子筛的硅铝比对其催化活性的影响是决定性的, 而本发明的发明人通过实验发现,通过选择适宜的短链垸基离子液体作为 模板剂, 可以得到高结晶度的 NaY分子筛, 且分子筛的骨架硅铝比为 6 以上。 基于此发现, 形成本发明。
为此, 本发明提供了一种用于制备高硅铝比的 NaY分子筛的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括以下步骤:
a) 将去离子水、 硅源、 铝源、 碱源和作为模板剂的 ILs混合以得到的 初始凝胶混合物:
b) 将歩骤 a) 所得的初始凝胶混合物保持在不高于 50°C的温度下搅 拌老化 1~100小时, 得到均匀凝胶混合物;
c) 将歩骤 b)所得的均匀凝胶混合物装入高压合成釜, 密闭, 升温到 70-130°C, 在自生压力下晶化 3~30天;
d) 待晶化完全后, 将固体产物分离, 用去离子水洗涤至中性, 干燥后 即得所述高硅铝比的 NaY分子筛,
其中所获得的 NaY分子筛的硅铝比为 6以上,并且 ILs为短链垸基咪 唑类离子液体, 所述短链垸基咪唑类离子液体为 1-乙基 -3-甲基咪唑溴盐, 1-烯丙基 -3-甲基咪唑溴盐, 1-丁基 -3-甲基咪唑溴盐, 1-乙基 -3-甲基咪唑氯 盐, 1-烯丙基 -3-甲基咪唑氯盐和 1-丁基 -3-甲基咪唑氯盐中的一种或几种的 混合物。
在一个优选实施方案中, 所述歩骤 a)中得到的初始凝胶混合物具有如 下摩尔配比:
Si02/Al203 =6 - 20; Na20/Al203 =l ~ 8;
H20/A1203 = 100 - 400;
ILs/Al2O3 = 0.1 ~ 6,
其中所述硅源按 Si02计, 所述铝源按 A1203计, 所述碱源按 Na20计。 在一个优选实施方案中, 所述歩骤 a) 中使用的硅源为硅溶胶、 活性 二氧化硅和正硅酸酯中的一种或任意几种的混合物; 铝源为铝酸钠、 活性 氧化铝和垸氧基铝中的一种或任意几种的混合物; 碱源为氢氧化钠。
在一个优选实施方案中, 所述歩骤 b) 中进行老化的温度为 10-50°C, 时间为 8-72小时。
在一个优选实施方案中,所述歩骤 c)中进行晶化的温度为 80-110°C, 晶化时间为 8-24天。
在一个优选实施方案中, 所述歩骤 c) 中的晶化过程在静态或动态下 进行。
本发明还提供通过上述方法制备的高硅铝比的 NaY分子筛, 其特征 在于, 所述 NaY分子筛的硅铝比为 6以上。
本发明的有益效果包括,但不限于,通过采用特定的短链垸基咪唑类 离子液体作为模板剂, 获得了一种硅铝比为 6以上的 NaY分子筛。 附图说明
图 1是根据本发明实施例 1合成的产物的 XRD图。
图 2是根据本发明实施例 1合成的产物的扫描电镜 (SEM) 图。
图 3是根据本发明实施例 1合成的产物的硅核磁图 (29Si-NMR) 谱。 具体实施方式
本发明以短链垸基咪唑类离子液体为模板剂或结构导向剂,通过在去 离子水中混合适当的硅源、铝源和碱源,在水热条件下合成纯相高硅铝比 的 NaY分子筛。
在一个优选的具体实施方案中,本发明用于制备高硅铝比(硅铝比为 6以上) 的 NaY分子筛的方法如下:
a) 将去离子水、 硅源、 铝源、 碱源和模板剂按照一定比例混合, 得 到初始凝胶混合物, 优选地, 该初始凝胶混合物具有如下摩尔配比:
Si02/Al203 =6 - 20;
Na20/Al203 =l ~ 8;
H20/A1203 = 100 - 400;
ILs/Al2O3 = 0.1 ~ 6, 其中 ILs为短链垸基咪唑类离子液体, 所述硅源 按 Si02计, 所述铝源按 A1203计, 所述碱源按 Na20计;
b) 将歩骤 a) 所得的初始凝胶混合物保持在不高于 50°C条件下搅拌 老化 1~100小时, 得到均匀凝胶混合物;
c) 将歩骤 b) 所得的均匀凝胶混合物装入高压合成釜, 密闭, 升温 到 70-130°C, 在自生压力下晶化 3~30天;
d) 待晶化完全后, 将固体产物分离, 用去离子水洗涤至中性, 干燥 后即得所述高硅 NaY分子筛。
所述歩骤 a)中使用的短链垸基咪唑类离子液体为 1-乙基 -3-甲基咪唑 溴盐 ([Emim]Br), 1-烯丙基 -3-甲基咪唑溴盐 ([Amim]Br), 1-丁基 -3-甲基咪 唑溴盐 ([Bmim]Br), 1-乙基 -3-甲基咪唑氯盐 ([Emim]Cl), 1-烯丙基 -3-甲基 咪唑氯盐 ([Amim]Cl)和 1-丁基 -3-甲基咪唑氯盐 ([Bmim]Cl)中的一种或几 种的混合物。
优选地, 所述歩骤 a) 中使用的硅源为硅溶胶、 活性二氧化硅和正硅 酸酯中的一种或任意几种的混合物;铝源为铝酸钠、活性氧化铝或垸氧基 铝中的一种或任意几种的混合物; 碱源为氢氧化钠。
优选地, 所述歩骤 a) 初始凝胶混合物中 SiO2/Al2O3 = 10~18。
优选地, 所述歩骤 a) 的初始凝胶混合物中 Na20/Al203 =2 ~ 6。
优选地, 所述歩骤 a) 的初始凝胶混合物中 Η2Ο/Α12Ο3 = 180 ~ 300。 优选地, 所述歩骤 a) 的初始凝胶混合物中 ILs/Al203 = 0.5 ~ 5。
优选地, 所述歩骤 b) 中的老化温度为 10-50°C, 老化时间为 8-72小 时。
优选地, 所述歩骤 c) 中的晶化温度为 80-110°C, 晶化时间为 8-24 天。 纳科 (PANalytical) 公司的 X'Pert PRO X射线衍射仪, Cu革巴, Κα辐射 源(λ=0.15418 ηπι) , 电压 40 KV, 电流 40 mA。 产物的相对结晶度是由 111, 331 , 533晶面的 XRD峰强度之和来计算, 以实施例 1中的样品的 结晶度为 100%, 其它样品与其相比得出相对结晶度。
在本发明中, 产物的 SEM形貌分析采用 Hitach的 SU8020扫描电子 显微镜。
在本发明中,产物的硅铝比采用 Philips 公司的 Magix 2424 X型射线 荧光分析仪 (XRF) 测定。
在本发明中, 产物的硅核磁共振 (29Si MAS NMR) 分析采用美国 Varian公司的 Infinity plus 400WB固体核磁波谱分析仪, 用 BBO MAS探 针, 操作磁场强度为 9.4T。 产物的硅铝比也可以根据 29Si MAS NMR结 果来计算, 公式如下:
NMR Si02/Al203 = 8 * (SQ0 + SQ1 + SQ2 + SQ3 + SQ4)/(SQ1 + 2SQ2 + 3SQ3 + 4SQ4)
其中, Qi表示硅氧四面体(Si04)周围的铝原子个数的不同(i=0, 1, 2, 3, 4), SQl则表示 Qi在硅谱核磁谱图上所对应的峰面积。
下面通过实施例详述本发明, 但本发明并不局限于这些实施例。 实施例 1
各原料的种类及摩尔用量、 晶化温度和时间、 晶型、相对结晶度以及 通过 XRF和 NMR确定的硅铝比 (Si02/Al203)见下表 1。
在实施例 1中,具体的配料过程如下:将 1.94g溴化 1-乙基 -3-甲基咪 唑 ([Emim]Br) 和 1.19g氢氧化钠溶于 23g去离子水, 然后加入 2g铝酸 钠 (A1203质量百分含量为 52%) , 搅拌至澄清; 然后再加入 24.48g硅溶 胶 (Si02质量百分含量为 30.45%) 以得到初始凝胶混合物; 将该初始凝 胶混合物在室温搅拌 24小时以制成均匀凝胶混合物; 将该均匀凝胶混合 物转移到不锈钢高压合成釜中。 这时, 合成体系各组分的摩尔配比为 1.0[Emim]Br:12SiO2:lAl2O3:3.2Na2O:220¾O。
将高压合成釜密闭并放入已升至恒温 iio°c的烘箱中,在自生压力下 静止晶化 14天。 晶化结束后, 将固体产物离心分离, 用去离子水洗涤至 中性, 在 100°C空气中烘干后, 得原粉。 取该原粉的样品做 XRD分析, 其结果显示在图 1和表 2中; 该样品的扫描电镜 (SEM)图显示在图 2中, 并且该样品的硅核磁共振 (29Si MAS NMR) 谱显示在图 3中, 同时通过 XRF 和硅谱核磁分别计算产物的硅铝比。 综合上述分析的结果, 表明并 且确定所合成的产物是硅铝比大于 6的 NaY分子筛。 实施例 2-24
具体配料种类、用料及反应条件以及分析结果见下表 1, 合成和分析 过程同实施例 1。
所合成的样品做 XRD分析, 数据结果与表 2类似, 即峰位置和形状 相同, 依合成条件的变化峰相对峰强度在 ±20%范围内波动, 表明合成产 物具有 NaY分子筛结构的特征。 这些样品的其他分析结果见下表 1。 比较例
具体配料种类、用料及反应条件以及分析结果见下表 1, 合成和分析 过程同实施例 1, 只是使用 0.1 mol的三乙胺作为模板剂。 所获得的样品 做 XRD分析,其数据结果表明所合成的产物具有 NaY分子筛的结构特征。 该样品的其他分析结果见下表 1。
表 1
Figure imgf000010_0001
Figure imgf000011_0001
表 2: 实施例 1样品的 XRD结果
No. 2Θ d(A) 100x1/1°
1 6.2041 14.24645 100
2 10.1409 8.72289 20.15
3 11.8975 7.4387 8.47
4 15.6692 5.6556 40.16
5 18.7069 4.74353 15.78
6 20.3883 4.35596 14.41
7 22.8253 3.8961 3.26
8 23.6769 3.75787 36.24
9 25.0092 3.56062 0.44
10 25.8118 3.4517 2.89
11 27.0779 3.29311 17.44
12 27.7943 3.20983 1.11
13 29.6723 3.01082 3.78
14 30.7843 2.90455 8.7
15 31.4336 2.84602 17.04
16 32.4937 2.75555 5.67
17 33.1205 2.70482 1.83
18 34.1286 2.6272 6.5
19 34.7195 2.58383 3.64
20 35.7076 2.51456 0.89
21 37.2197 2.4158 0.79
22 37.9445 2.37131 3.64
23 39.3958 2.28723 0.34
24 40.6107 2.22157 1.61
25 41.4555 2.17823 2.56
26 41.9693 2.15275 1.41
27 42.8121 2.1123 0.67
28 43.2876 2.0902 2.43
29 44.1074 2.05323 1.93
30 45.8438 1.97942 0.44
31 47.2353 1.92431 1.46
32 47.8334 1.90163 1.63
33 49.4874 1.84188 1 从以上表 1和表 2的结果可以看出, 通过本发明方法合成的 NaY分 子筛, 无论是通过 XRF方法确定的产物硅铝比还是通过硅谱核磁数据确 定的产物骨架的硅铝比, 实施例 1-24 中的分子筛样品的硅铝比明显高于 比较例所得的分子筛样品的硅铝比,这一方面表明在使用常规胺类作为模 板剂的情况下, 所得样品的硅铝比较低, 很难到 6, 且结晶度较低; 另一 方面表明, 在使用短链垸基咪唑类离子液体作为模板剂的情况下, 所得的 产物的硅铝比均为 6以上, 甚至更高, 且结晶度高。而使用这样的高结晶 度和高硅铝比的 NaY分子筛可以显著地提高催化裂化的活性以及稳定性 以上已对本发明进行了详细描述,但本发明并不局限于本文所描述具 体实施方式。本领域技术人员理解, 在不背离本发明范围的情况下, 可以 作出其他更改和变形。 本发明的范围由所附权利要求限定。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种用于制备高硅铝比的 NaY分子筛的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 方法包括以下歩骤:
a) 将去离子水、硅源、铝源、碱源和作为模板剂的 ILs混合以得到的 初始凝胶混合物:
b) 将歩骤 a) 所得的初始凝胶混合物保持在不高于 50°C的温度下搅 拌老化 1~100小时, 得到均匀凝胶混合物;
c) 将歩骤 b)所得的均匀凝胶混合物装入高压合成釜, 密闭, 升温到 70~130°C, 在自生压力下晶化 3~30天;
d) 待晶化完全后, 将固体产物分离, 用去离子水洗涤至中性, 干燥 后即得所述高硅铝比的 NaY分子筛,
其中所获得的 NaY分子筛的硅铝比为 6以上, 并且 ILs为短链垸基 咪唑类离子液体, 所述短链垸基咪唑类离子液体为 1-乙基 -3-甲基咪唑溴 盐, 1-烯丙基 -3-甲基咪唑溴盐, 1-丁基 -3-甲基咪唑溴盐, 1-乙基 -3-甲基咪 唑氯盐, 1-烯丙基 -3-甲基咪唑氯盐和 1-丁基 -3-甲基咪唑氯盐中的一种或 几种的混合物。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述歩骤 a) 中得到的 初始凝胶混合物具有如下摩尔配比:
Si02/Al203 =6 - 20;
Na20/Al203 =l ~ 8;
H20/A1203 = 100 - 400;
ILs/Al2O3 = 0.1 ~ 6,
其中所述硅源按 Si02计, 所述铝源按 A1203计, 所述碱源按 Na20计。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述歩骤 a) 中使用的 硅源为硅溶胶、 活性二氧化硅和正硅酸酯中的一种或任意几种的混合物; 铝源为铝酸钠、活性氧化铝和垸氧基铝中的一种或任意几种的混合物; 碱 源为氢氧化钠。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述歩骤 b)中进行老 化的温度为 10-50°C, 时间为 8-72小时。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述歩骤 c) 中进行晶 化的温度为 80-110°C, 晶化时间为 8-24天。
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述歩骤 c) 中的晶化 过程在静态或动态下进行。
7. 一种通过权利要求 1-6 中任一项所述的方法制备的高硅铝比的 NaY分子筛, 其特征在于, 所述 NaY分子筛中的硅铝比为 6以上。
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CN113582197A (zh) * 2021-08-31 2021-11-02 青岛大学 一种高硅铝比mor分子筛及其制备方法
CN113582197B (zh) * 2021-08-31 2023-05-30 青岛大学 一种高硅铝比mor分子筛及其制备方法
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