WO2014162775A1 - 炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014162775A1 WO2014162775A1 PCT/JP2014/052861 JP2014052861W WO2014162775A1 WO 2014162775 A1 WO2014162775 A1 WO 2014162775A1 JP 2014052861 W JP2014052861 W JP 2014052861W WO 2014162775 A1 WO2014162775 A1 WO 2014162775A1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L22/00—Testing or measuring during manufacture or treatment; Reliability measurements, i.e. testing of parts without further processing to modify the parts as such; Structural arrangements therefor
- H01L22/10—Measuring as part of the manufacturing process
- H01L22/12—Measuring as part of the manufacturing process for structural parameters, e.g. thickness, line width, refractive index, temperature, warp, bond strength, defects, optical inspection, electrical measurement of structural dimensions, metallurgic measurement of diffusions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02002—Preparing wafers
- H01L21/02005—Preparing bulk and homogeneous wafers
- H01L21/02008—Multistep processes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02002—Preparing wafers
- H01L21/02005—Preparing bulk and homogeneous wafers
- H01L21/02008—Multistep processes
- H01L21/0201—Specific process step
- H01L21/02019—Chemical etching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/77—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate
- H01L21/78—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L22/00—Testing or measuring during manufacture or treatment; Reliability measurements, i.e. testing of parts without further processing to modify the parts as such; Structural arrangements therefor
- H01L22/20—Sequence of activities consisting of a plurality of measurements, corrections, marking or sorting steps
- H01L22/24—Optical enhancement of defects or not directly visible states, e.g. selective electrolytic deposition, bubbles in liquids, light emission, colour change
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/12—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/12—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/16—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic System
- H01L29/1608—Silicon carbide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66053—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having a semiconductor body comprising crystalline silicon carbide
- H01L29/66068—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having a semiconductor body comprising crystalline silicon carbide the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/7801—DMOS transistors, i.e. MISFETs with a channel accommodating body or base region adjoining a drain drift region
- H01L29/7802—Vertical DMOS transistors, i.e. VDMOS transistors
- H01L29/7813—Vertical DMOS transistors, i.e. VDMOS transistors with trench gate electrode, e.g. UMOS transistors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device, and particularly to a method for manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device including a step of selecting a chip.
- silicon carbide has been increasingly adopted as a material constituting semiconductor devices in order to enable higher breakdown voltage, lower loss, and use in high-temperature environments.
- Silicon carbide is a wide band gap semiconductor having a larger band gap than silicon that has been widely used as a material for forming semiconductor devices. Therefore, by adopting silicon carbide as a material constituting the semiconductor device, it is possible to achieve a high breakdown voltage and a low on-resistance of the semiconductor device.
- a semiconductor device that employs silicon carbide as a material has an advantage that a decrease in characteristics when used in a high temperature environment is small as compared with a semiconductor device that employs silicon as a material.
- Non-Patent Document 1 describes a method for detecting micropipes. According to the document, an avalanche breakdown voltage is applied to a device, and a micropipe is detected by examining a change in leakage current before and after the application of the voltage.
- a micropipe closed by an epitaxial layer is called a closed micropipe.
- a device having a closed micropipe exhibits characteristics comparable to a device without a closed micropipe in a normal pre-shipment inspection stage. However, since devices with closed micropipes may increase leakage current after being used for 2-3 months, it is desirable to sort by pre-shipment inspection.
- the present invention has been made to solve such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device capable of selecting chips including micropipes with high accuracy.
- the method for manufacturing a silicon carbide semiconductor device includes the following steps.
- a silicon carbide substrate having a first main surface and a second main surface opposite to the first main surface is prepared. By etching the first main surface, etch pits including micropipes appear on the first main surface.
- the two-dimensional position information of the micropipe on the first main surface is acquired.
- the silicon carbide substrate is cut into a plurality of chips. Chip sorting is performed based on the two-dimensional position information.
- the first main surface is a silicon surface or a surface off by an angle of 10 ° or less from the silicon surface.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross sectional view schematically showing a structure of a silicon carbide semiconductor device in a first embodiment of the present invention.
- 1 is a schematic perspective view schematically showing a shape of a silicon carbide substrate included in a silicon carbide semiconductor device in a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows schematically the manufacturing method of the silicon carbide semiconductor device in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows schematically the manufacturing method of the silicon carbide semiconductor device in Embodiment 2 of this invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross sectional view schematically showing a first step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows schematically the 2nd process of the manufacturing method of the silicon carbide semiconductor device in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows schematically the 4th process of the manufacturing method of the silicon carbide semiconductor device in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows schematically the 5th process of the manufacturing method of the silicon carbide semiconductor device in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows schematically the 6th process of the manufacturing method of the silicon carbide semiconductor device in Embodiment 1 of this invention.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross sectional view schematically showing a seventh step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows schematically the 8th process of the manufacturing method of the silicon carbide semiconductor device in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows schematically the 9th process of the manufacturing method of the silicon carbide semiconductor device in Embodiment 1 of this invention.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic cross sectional view schematically showing a tenth step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic cross sectional view schematically showing a thirteenth step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows schematically the 14th process of the manufacturing method of the silicon carbide semiconductor device in Embodiment 1 of this invention.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic cross sectional view schematically showing a fifteenth step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic cross sectional view schematically showing a sixteenth step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view schematically showing a third step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device in the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic plan view schematically showing a seventeenth step of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view schematically showing a cutting position pattern forming step in the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the method for manufacturing silicon carbide semiconductor device 1 includes the following steps. Silicon carbide substrate 80 having first main surface 80b and second main surface 80a opposite to first main surface 80b is prepared. By etching the first main surface 80b, etch pits 3a including micropipes appear on the first main surface 80b. The two-dimensional position information of the micropipe on the first main surface 80b is acquired. The silicon carbide substrate is cut into a plurality of chips C12 to C65. The chips C12 to C65 are selected based on the two-dimensional position information. The first main surface 80b is a silicon surface or a surface off by an angle of 10 ° or less from the silicon surface.
- the two-dimensional position information of the micropipes on first main surface 80b is acquired, and the chip is selected based on the two-dimensional position information. Therefore, the chip including the micropipes can be detected regardless of the position of the micropipes on the first main surface 80b of the silicon carbide substrate 80. As a result, chips including micropipes can be selected with high accuracy.
- silicon carbide epitaxial layer 81 is formed in contact with second main surface 80a. Thereby, even when the micropipe is covered with the silicon carbide epitaxial layer 81 to become a closed micropipe, the chip including the micropipe can be selected with high accuracy.
- pattern 2 indicating the cutting positions of chips C12 to C65 is preferably formed on surface 10a of silicon carbide epitaxial layer 81.
- silicon carbide substrate 80 is cut along pattern 2.
- the step of selecting chips C12 to C65 is performed by comparing the two-dimensional position information of the micropipe with the position of pattern 2. .
- the two-dimensional position information of the micropipes on first main surface 80b is compared with the position of pattern 2 formed on surface 10a on the second main surface 80a side.
- the two-dimensional position information is made to correspond to the identification numbers of chips C12 to C65. As a result, it is possible to identify the chip where the micropipe exists.
- first main surface 80b is polished. Thereby, the warp of silicon carbide substrate 80 generated in the process of causing etch pits can be reduced. Further, when polishing of first main surface 80b is performed after the step of forming silicon carbide epitaxial layer 81 in contact with second main surface 80a, silicon carbide substrate 80 generated by the step of forming silicon carbide epitaxial layer 81 is formed. Both warpage and warpage of silicon carbide substrate 80 generated in the step of causing etch pits can be reduced.
- first main surface 80b is ground so as to remove at least part of etch pit 3.
- the small etch pits 3b other than the micropipe etch pits 3a defects in a good chip can be removed.
- the unevenness of the first main surface 80b is reduced. Therefore, the flatness of the electrode 98 formed in contact with the first main surface 80b can be improved.
- electrode 98 is formed in contact with first main surface 80b after the step of grinding first main surface 80b.
- the adhesiveness of the electrode 98 with respect to the 1st main surface 80b can be improved.
- MOSFET 1 of the present embodiment includes a silicon carbide substrate 10, a gate insulating film 91, a gate electrode 92, an interlayer insulating film 93, a source electrode 94, a source wiring layer 95, and a drain electrode 98 (back electrode). It has mainly.
- Silicon carbide substrate 10 has, for example, silicon carbide substrate 80, n-type drift region 81 (epitaxial layer), p-type base region 82, n-type region 83, and p-type contact region 84.
- Silicon carbide substrate 80 is made of, for example, hexagonal silicon carbide and has polytype 4H. Silicon carbide substrate 80 has, for example, an n type (first conductivity type). N type drift region 81 is an epitaxial layer formed on silicon carbide substrate 80. N type drift region 81 has n type. N-type drift region 81 preferably has an impurity concentration lower than that of silicon carbide substrate 80. The donor concentration of n-type drift region 81 is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 or more and 5 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 or less, for example, 8 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the p-type base region 82 has a p-type (second conductivity type).
- the p-type base region 82 is provided on the n-type drift region 81.
- the impurity concentration of the p-type base region 82 is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 .
- N-type region 83 has n-type.
- N type region 83 is provided on p type base region 82 so as to be separated from n type drift region 81 by p type base region 82.
- the p-type contact region 84 has a p-type.
- the p-type contact region 84 is connected to the source electrode 94 and the p-type base region 82.
- a trench TR is provided on the surface 10 a of the silicon carbide substrate 10.
- Trench TR has a wall surface SW and a bottom BT.
- Wall surface SW passes through n-type region 83 and p-type base region 82 and reaches n-type drift region 81.
- Wall surface SW includes the channel surface of MOSFET 1 on p-type base region 82.
- the wall surface SW is inclined with respect to the surface 10a of the silicon carbide substrate 10, and the trench TR extends in a tapered shape toward the opening.
- the plane orientation of the wall surface SW is preferably inclined at 50 ° or more and 65 ° or less with respect to the (000-1) plane.
- Bottom BT is located on n-type drift region 81. In the present embodiment, bottom portion BT is a surface substantially parallel to surface 10 a of silicon carbide substrate 10.
- the gate insulating film 91 covers each of the wall surface SW and the bottom portion BT of the trench TR.
- the gate electrode 92 is provided on the gate insulating film 91.
- Source electrode 94 is in contact with each of n-type region 83 and p-type contact region 84.
- the source wiring layer 95 is in contact with the source electrode 94.
- Source wiring layer 95 is, for example, an aluminum layer.
- the interlayer insulating film 93 insulates between the gate electrode 92 and the source wiring layer 95.
- Drain electrode 98 (back electrode) is arranged in contact with silicon carbide substrate 80.
- a silicon carbide substrate preparation step (S10: FIG. 3) is performed.
- the conductivity type is n-type (first conductivity type)
- the first main surface 80b is on the opposite side.
- Silicon carbide substrate 80 (FIG. 5) having second main surface 80a is prepared.
- the first main surface 80b is a silicon surface or a surface off by an angle of 10 ° or less from the silicon surface
- the second main surface 80a is a carbon surface or a surface off by an angle of 10 ° or less from the carbon surface.
- etch pit 3 is etched by crystal dislocations such as screw dislocation (threading screw dislocation), edge dislocation (threading edge dislocation), mixed dislocation, basal plane dislocation, and micropipe. It is formed to spread. That is, the etch pit 3 includes an etch pit 3a of a micropipe and an etch pit 3b derived from a defect other than the micropipe.
- Etch pits 3b derived from defects other than micropipes include, for example, etch pits for screw dislocations (threaded screw dislocations), etch pits for edge dislocations (threaded edge dislocations), and etch pits for mixed dislocations (thread mixed dislocations). And basal plane dislocation etch pits.
- the etching for causing the etch pits to appear may be dry etching or wet etching.
- gas etching may be used as dry etching.
- Nitrogen gas, chlorine gas, and oxygen gas may be used as the gas etching.
- silicon carbide substrate 80 having first main surface 80b is arranged in the chamber, nitrogen is introduced into the chamber, the pressure in the chamber is set to 50 Pa, and the temperature is set to 1050 ° C.
- chlorine gas is flowed into the chamber for 45 minutes at a flow rate of 0.2 slm.
- a mixed gas of nitrogen and oxygen (90% nitrogen, 10% oxygen) is flowed into the chamber for 5 minutes at a flow rate of 3 slm.
- KOH potassium hydroxide
- silicon carbide substrate 10 having first main surface 80b is immersed in, for example, molten KOH at 515 ° C. for 8 minutes.
- silicon carbide substrate 10 having first main surface 80b is cleaned with pure water.
- the etch pit 3a of the micropipe and the etch pit 3b other than the micropipe appear on the first main surface 80b.
- a micropipe position information acquisition step (S30: FIG. 3) is performed.
- the two-dimensional position information of the micropipe etch pits 3a on the first main surface 80b of the silicon carbide substrate 80 is acquired.
- etch pit 3a of the micropipe that appears on first main surface 80b of silicon carbide substrate 80 is optically observed using, for example, an optical microscope.
- the observation of the micropipe etch pit 3a may be performed by placing an optical microscope on the first main surface 80b side of the silicon carbide substrate 80 and the first main surface 80b from the first main surface 80b side.
- an optical microscope may be arranged on the second main surface 80a side, and the first main surface 80b may be observed through the silicon carbide substrate 10 from the second main surface 80a side.
- the two-dimensional position of the etch pit 3a of the micropipe on the first main surface 80b of the silicon carbide substrate 80 is specified.
- an image of the entire first main surface 80b is acquired by an optical microscope, and all the two-dimensional positions of the etch pits 3a of the micropipes existing on the first main surface 80b are specified.
- a line parallel to orientation flat 80c of silicon carbide substrate 80 and located on first main surface 80b is taken as the x-axis
- a line perpendicular to x-axis and located on first main surface 80b is taken as y-axis.
- the two-dimensional position information of the micropipe may be temporarily stored in the memory.
- the determination as to whether the etch pit 3a of the micropipe or the etch pit 3b other than the etch pit 3a of the micropipe may be performed as follows, for example. For example, an etch pit having a certain size or more may be determined as the micropipe etch pit 3a. Further, an etch pit larger than the other etch pits 3b as compared with the other etch pits 3b may be determined as the etch pit 3a of the micropipe.
- the second main surface polishing step (S40: FIG. 3) is performed. Specifically, for example, the second main surface 80a of the silicon carbide substrate 80 is polished by chemical mechanical polishing using an abrasive such as colloidal silica, and the second main surface 80a is flat enough to allow epitaxial growth. It becomes.
- an abrasive such as colloidal silica
- the first main surface polishing step (S45: FIG. 3) is performed. Specifically, for example, by chemical mechanical polishing using an abrasive such as colloidal silica, first main surface 80b of silicon carbide substrate 80 is polished, and first main surface 80b is planarized. Note that the first main surface polishing step may be performed after an epitaxial layer forming step (S50: FIG. 3) described later. Further, the first main surface 80b and the second main surface 80a may be polished simultaneously.
- n-type drift region 81 made of silicon carbide is formed on second main surface 80a of silicon carbide substrate 80 made of silicon carbide. Formation of n-type drift region 81 can be performed by, for example, a CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method. For example, nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) is introduced into n type drift region 81 as an impurity. A p-type base region 82 and an n-type region 83 are formed on n-type drift region 81.
- CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition
- an ion implantation step (S60: FIG. 3) is performed.
- ion implantation can be performed on the entire surface of n type drift region 81.
- an impurity for imparting p-type such as aluminum (Al)
- Al aluminum
- an impurity for imparting n-type such as phosphorus (P)
- epitaxial growth with addition of impurities may be used.
- resist film 60 is formed on n-type region 83 of silicon carbide substrate 10.
- the resist film 60 is exposed and developed.
- mask layer 61 (FIG. 10) having an opening corresponding to the position where p-type contact region 84 is to be formed is formed.
- a p-type contact region 84 is formed by ion implantation using the mask layer 61.
- the mask layer 61 is removed (FIG. 11).
- p-type contact region 84 that connects surface 10a of silicon carbide substrate 10 and p-type base region 82 is formed by photolithography.
- the temperature of this heat treatment is preferably 1500 ° C. or higher and 1900 ° C. or lower, for example, about 1700 ° C.
- the heat treatment time is, for example, about 30 minutes.
- the atmosphere of the heat treatment is preferably an inert gas atmosphere, for example, an Ar atmosphere.
- mask layer 40 having an opening is formed on the surface formed of n-type region 83 and p-type contact region 84 by photolithography.
- mask layer 40 for example, a silicon oxide film or the like can be used.
- the opening is formed corresponding to the position where trench TR (FIG. 1) is formed.
- a recess forming step is performed. Specifically, referring to FIG. 13, plasma etching is performed on silicon carbide substrate 10 on which mask layer 40 is formed, so that recess TQ is formed on surface 10 a of silicon carbide substrate 10. Through the opening of mask layer 40, n-type region 83, p-type base region 82, and part of n-type drift region 81 of silicon carbide substrate 10 are removed by etching to form concave portion TQ.
- etching method for example, dry etching is used, and more specifically, inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching (ICP-RIE) can be used.
- ICP-RIE inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching
- a thermal etching process is performed. Specifically, thermal etching is performed on recess TQ formed in silicon carbide substrate 10.
- the wall surface A of the recess TQ of the silicon carbide substrate 10 is thermally etched in the furnace while supplying a gas containing chlorine into the furnace.
- Silicon carbide substrate 10 is heated in a furnace at, for example, 1000 ° C. or more and 1800 ° C. or less for about 20 minutes, whereby wall surface A of recess TQ of silicon carbide substrate 10 is etched.
- the temperature of thermal etching of silicon carbide substrate 10 is 800 ° C. or higher, more preferably 1300 ° C. or higher, and further preferably 1500 ° C. or higher.
- the mask layer 40 made of silicon dioxide has a very high selectivity with respect to silicon carbide, and therefore is not substantially etched during the thermal etching of silicon carbide.
- the wall surface A and the bottom B of the recess TQ are etched by, for example, about 2 nm to 0.1 ⁇ m, so that the wall SW and the bottom are formed on the silicon carbide substrate 10.
- a trench TR formed of BT is formed.
- the mask layer 40 is removed by an arbitrary method such as etching.
- Trench TR is formed by a wall surface SW which is a side surface and a bottom portion BT connected to wall surface SW.
- the bottom BT may be a surface or a line. When the bottom portion BT is a line, the shape of the trench TR is V-shaped when viewed in cross section.
- gate insulating film forming step is performed. Specifically, referring to FIG. 15, after trench TR is formed by thermal etching of wall surface A of recess TQ described above, gate insulating film 91 is formed in contact with wall surface SW of trench TR. Further, gate insulating film 91 is formed which covers each of wall surface SW and bottom portion BT of trench TR and is in contact with n type drift region 81, p type base region 82, n type region 83, and p type contact region 84. Gate insulating film 91 is made of silicon dioxide, and can be formed, for example, by thermal oxidation.
- NO annealing using nitrogen monoxide (NO) gas as an atmospheric gas may be performed.
- silicon carbide substrate 10 on which gate insulating film 91 is formed is held at a temperature of 1100 ° C. or higher and 1300 ° C. or lower for about 1 hour in a nitrogen monoxide atmosphere.
- nitrogen atoms are introduced into the interface region between the gate insulating film 91 and the p-type base region 82.
- a gas other than NO gas may be used as the atmospheric gas.
- Ar annealing using argon (Ar) as an atmospheric gas may be further performed.
- the heating temperature for Ar annealing is preferably higher than the heating temperature for NO annealing and lower than the melting point of the gate insulating film 91.
- the time during which this heating temperature is maintained is, for example, about 1 hour. Thereby, the formation of the interface state in the interface region between the gate insulating film 91 and the p-type base region 82 is further suppressed.
- other inert gas such as nitrogen gas may be used as the atmospheric gas instead of Ar gas.
- a surface electrode forming step (S70: FIG. 3) is performed.
- the gate electrode 92 and the source electrode 94 are formed.
- gate electrode 92 is formed on gate insulating film 91.
- gate electrode 92 is formed on gate insulating film 91 so as to fill the region inside trench TR with gate insulating film 91 interposed therebetween.
- the gate electrode 92 can be formed by, for example, forming a conductor or doped polysilicon and CMP.
- interlayer insulating film 93 is formed on gate electrode 92 and gate insulating film 91 so as to cover the exposed surface of gate electrode 92. Etching is performed so that openings are formed in the interlayer insulating film 93 and the gate insulating film 91. Each of n-type region 83 and p-type contact region 84 is exposed on surface 10a through this opening.
- source electrode 94 in contact with each of n-type region 83 and p-type contact region 84 is formed on surface 10a.
- a metal film containing Ti, Al, and Si is formed in contact with each of n-type region 83 and p-type contact region 84 by sputtering.
- the metal film is alloyed, and source electrode 94 that is in ohmic contact with silicon carbide substrate 10 is formed.
- first main surface grinding step (S80: FIG. 3) is performed. Specifically, grinding is performed on first main surface 80b of silicon carbide substrate 80, so that silicon carbide substrate 80 is removed by, for example, about 200 ⁇ m. In the step of grinding the first main surface 80b, preferably at least a part of the etch pit 3 is removed. Referring to FIG. 18, first main surface 80 b may be ground such that a part of etch pit 3 a of the micropipe remains and etch pit 3 b other than the micropipe is completely removed.
- region which has the etch pit 3b of a micropipe is a chip
- the etch pits 3b other than the micropipes are chip regions that are determined to be non-defective products by a chip selection process that will be described later. Density can be reduced.
- both the etch pit 3a of the micropipe and the etch pit 3b other than the micropipe may be removed. If even a part of the micropipe etch pits 3a remain, the back electrode 98 is microscopic when the back electrode 98 is formed on the first main surface 80b in the back electrode forming step (S90: FIG. 3) described later. It is also formed inside the etch pit 3a of the pipe. Therefore, the unevenness on the surface of the back electrode 98 becomes large. When the unevenness on the surface of the back electrode 98 in the chip area determined to be defective in the chip selection step (S110: FIG. 3) described later increases, the unevenness on the surface of the back electrode 98 in the chip area determined to be non-defective also increases. As shown in FIG. 19, the flatness of the first main surface 80b can be improved by removing the etch pits 3a of the micropipe. Therefore, the flatness of the back electrode 98 formed on the first main surface 80b is improved.
- back electrode forming step (S90: FIG. 3) is performed. Specifically, back electrode 98 is formed on first main surface 80 b of silicon carbide substrate 80.
- the material used for the back electrode 98 may be the same as the material constituting the source electrode described above.
- silicon carbide substrate cutting step (S100: FIG. 3) is performed.
- silicon carbide substrate 80 is cut by, for example, a dicing saw to form a plurality of chips C12 to C65. That is, the silicon carbide substrate 10 is cut into a plurality of chips C12 to C65.
- the plurality of chips C12 to C65 include chips C25 and C43 having micropipe etch pits 3a and chips C23, C32 and C55 having etch pits 3b other than micropipes.
- a chip selection step (S110: FIG. 3) is performed.
- the chip is selected based on the two-dimensional position information of the micropipe acquired in the micropipe position information acquisition process (S30: FIG. 3).
- the chip selection process includes a process of making the two-dimensional position information of the etch pit 3a of the micropipe correspond to the chip identification number. For example, it is determined which identification number chip after the cutting is located at the center position of the micropipe etch pit 3a. Referring to FIG. 20, for example, in which region of first main surface 80b the center position of etch pit 3a of the micropipe is determined.
- the region of silicon carbide substrate 10 whose position in the x direction is not less than x 3 and not more than x 4 and whose position in the y direction is not less than y 3 and not more than 4 corresponds to the chip of which identification number after cutting silicon carbide substrate 80 Judgment is made.
- the center position of the etch pit 3a of the micropipe is (x 1 , y 1 )
- the chip including the etch pit 3a is the chip C25.
- the center position of the etch pit 3a of the micropipe is (x 2 , y 2 )
- it is determined that the chip including the etch pit 3a is the chip C43.
- a chip including the micropipe etch pit 3a is determined as a defective product
- a chip not including the micropipe etch pit 3a is determined as a non-defective product.
- MOSFET 1 the two-dimensional position information of the etch pit 3a of the micropipe on the first main surface 80b is acquired, and the chip is selected based on the two-dimensional position information. Therefore, the chip including the micropipes can be detected regardless of the position of the micropipes on the first main surface 80b of the silicon carbide substrate 80. As a result, chips including micropipes can be selected with high accuracy.
- silicon carbide epitaxial layer 81 is formed in contact with second main surface 80a. Therefore, even when the micropipe is covered with the silicon carbide epitaxial layer 81 to become a closed micropipe, the chip including the micropipe can be selected with high accuracy.
- the two-dimensional position information is made to correspond to the identification numbers of chips C12 to C65. As a result, it is possible to identify the chip where the micropipe exists.
- first main surface 80b is polished. Thereby, the warp of silicon carbide substrate 80 generated in the process of causing etch pits can be reduced. Further, when polishing of first main surface 80b is performed after the step of forming silicon carbide epitaxial layer 81 in contact with second main surface 80a, silicon carbide substrate 80 generated by the step of forming silicon carbide epitaxial layer 81 is formed. Both warpage and warpage of silicon carbide substrate 80 generated in the step of causing etch pits can be reduced.
- first main surface 80b is ground so as to remove at least part of etch pit 3.
- the small etch pits 3b other than the micropipe etch pits 3a defects in a good chip can be removed.
- the unevenness of the first main surface 80b is reduced. Therefore, the flatness of the electrode 98 formed in contact with the first main surface 80b can be improved. As a result, the flatness of the electrode 98 in a good chip can be improved.
- a silicon carbide substrate preparation step (S10: FIG. 4) is performed by the same method as that described in the first embodiment. Thereby, a silicon carbide substrate having first main surface 80b and second main surface 80a opposite to first main surface 80b is prepared.
- the step of making etch pits appear (S20: FIG. 4) is performed by the same method as described in the first embodiment. Thereby, the etch pit 3 including the etch pit 3a of the micropipe appears on the first main surface 80b.
- the micropipe position information acquisition step (S30: FIG. 4) is performed by the same method as described in the first embodiment. Thereby, the two-dimensional position information of micropipe etch pit 3a on first main surface 80b of silicon carbide substrate 80 is acquired.
- the second main surface polishing step (S40: FIG. 4) is performed by the same method as described in the first embodiment. Thereby, second main surface 80a of silicon carbide substrate 80 is polished.
- the epitaxial layer forming step (S50: FIG. 4) is performed by the same method as described in the first embodiment. Thereby, silicon carbide epitaxial layer 81 is formed in contact with second main surface 80a of silicon carbide substrate 80.
- a cutting position pattern forming step (S51: FIG. 4) is performed. Specifically, referring to FIG. 22, a pattern 2 indicating a cutting position to be cut by the silicon carbide substrate in a silicon carbide substrate cutting step (S 100: FIG. 4) described later is formed on silicon carbide substrate 80. It is formed on the surface 10 a of the silicon epitaxial layer 81.
- the pattern indicating the cutting position is formed, for example, by providing a linear pattern of grooves on the surface 10a of silicon carbide epitaxial layer 81, for example.
- the pattern 2 is provided corresponding to the shape of the chip after cutting.
- a rectangular or square frame extends along the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction. A plurality of them may be arranged. Thereby, the outer edge of the chip
- the micropipe observation step (S52: FIG. 4) is performed.
- an optical microscope is disposed at a position facing second main surface 80a of silicon carbide substrate 80.
- the optical microscope is focused on the first main surface 80b, and an image of the entire first main surface 80b is acquired by the optical microscope, whereby two-dimensional information of the first main surface 80b is acquired.
- the two-dimensional information on the first main surface 80b includes two-dimensional position information on the first main surface 80b of the etch pit 3a of the micropipe.
- the two-dimensional position on the first main surface 80b of the etch pit 3a of the micropipe formed on the first main surface 80b is specified.
- the optical microscope is focused on the second main surface 80a, and an image of the entire second main surface 80a is acquired.
- the two-dimensional position information on the first main surface of the etch pit 3a of the micropipe is compared with the pattern 2 indicating the cutting position formed on the second main surface 80a. It is specified in which position of the pattern 2 indicating the cutting position the etch pit 3a of the micropipe exists.
- Information on the identification number (address) of the chip including the micropipe etch pit 3a is recorded in an external memory or the like.
- the micropipe may be specified by a method similar to the method described in the micropipe position information acquisition step (S30: FIG. 3).
- an ion implantation step (S60: FIG. 4), a surface electrode formation step (S70: FIG. 4), and a first main surface grinding step (S80 :) are performed by the same method as described in the first embodiment. 4) and the back electrode forming step (S90: FIG. 4) are performed.
- a silicon carbide substrate cutting step (S100: FIG. 4) is performed. Specifically, carbonization is performed along pattern 2 indicating the cutting position formed on surface 10a of silicon carbide epitaxial layer 81 formed on silicon carbide substrate 80 by the cutting position pattern forming step (S51: FIG. 4).
- the silicon substrate 80 is cut. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 21, silicon carbide substrate 10 is cut into a plurality of chips C12 to C65.
- the plurality of chips C12 to C65 include chips C25 and C43 having micropipe etch pits 3a and chips C23, C32 and C55 having etch pits 3b other than micropipes.
- a chip selection step (S110: FIG. 4) is performed. Based on the information of the identification number (address) of the chip including the micropipe etch pit 3a recorded in the micropipe observation step (S52: FIG. 4), the chip including the micropipe etch pit 3a is determined to be defective. A chip that does not include the micropipe etch pit 3a is determined to be a good product. As described above, the identification number of the chip including the micropipe etch pit 3a is obtained based on the two-dimensional position information of the micropipe etch pit 3a on the first main surface in the micropipe observation step. Information. The chip selection may be performed based on the two-dimensional position information of the micropipe acquired in the micropipe position information acquisition step (S30: FIG. 4), or the micropipe observation step (S52: FIG. 4). ) And information obtained in the micropipe position information acquisition step (S30: FIG. 4).
- pattern 2 indicating the cutting positions of chips C12 to C65 is formed on surface 10a of silicon carbide epitaxial layer 81.
- silicon carbide substrate 80 is cut along pattern 2.
- the step of selecting chips C12 to C65 is performed by comparing the two-dimensional position information of the micropipe with the position of pattern 2.
- the two-dimensional position information of the micropipes on first main surface 80b is compared with the position of pattern 2 formed on surface 10a on the second main surface 80a side.
- the first conductivity type is n-type and the second conductivity type is p-type.
- the first conductivity type is p-type and the second conductivity type is n-type. It does not matter.
- the MOSFET is described as an example of the silicon carbide semiconductor device.
- the silicon carbide semiconductor device may be an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) or an SBD (Schottky Barrier Diode). Good.
- 1 silicon carbide semiconductor device (MOSFET), 2 patterns, 3, 3a, 3b etch pit, 10, 80 silicon carbide substrate, 10a surface, 40, 61 mask layer, 60 resist film, 80a second main surface, 80b first Main surface, 80c orientation flat, 81 silicon carbide epitaxial layer (n-type drift region), 82 p-type base region, 83 n-type region, 84 p-type contact region, 91 gate insulating film, 92 gate electrode, 93 interlayer insulating film, 94 source electrode, 95 source wiring layer, 98 back electrode (drain electrode), A, SW wall surface, B, BT bottom, C12 to C65, C23, C25, C43 chip, TQ recess, TR trench.
- MOSFET silicon carbide semiconductor device
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Abstract
Description
(1)本実施の形態に係る炭化珪素半導体装置1の製造方法は以下の工程を有している。第1の主面80bと、第1の主面80bと反対の第2の主面80aとを有する炭化珪素基板80が準備される。第1の主面80bをエッチングすることで、第1の主面80bにマイクロパイプを含むエッチピット3aが出現する。第1の主面80bにおけるマイクロパイプの2次元位置情報が取得される。炭化珪素基板が複数のチップC12~C65に切断される。2次元位置情報に基づいてチップC12~C65の選別が行われる。第1の主面80bは珪素面または珪素面から10°以下の角度オフした面である。
(実施の形態1)
図1および図2を参照して、本実施の形態に係る炭化珪素半導体装置としてのMOSFET1の構造について説明する。
実施の形態1に係るMOSFET1によれば、第1の主面80bにおけるマイクロパイプのエッチピット3aの2次元位置情報が取得され、当該2次元位置情報に基づいてチップの選別が行われる。それゆえ、マイクロパイプが炭化珪素基板80の第1の主面80bのどの位置に存在していても、マイクロパイプを含むチップを検出することができる。結果として、精度良くマイクロパイプを含むチップを選別することができる。
(実施の形態2)
次に、実施の形態2に係るMOSFET1の製造方法について図4を参照して説明する。なお、実施の形態2に係る製造方法によって製造されたMOSFET1の構造は実施の形態1と同様である。
実施の形態2に係るMOSFET1の製造方法によれば、炭化珪素エピタキシャル層81の表面10aにチップC12~C65の切断位置を示すパターン2が形成される。炭化珪素基板80を複数のチップC12~C65に切断する工程では、パターン2に沿って炭化珪素基板80が切断される。切断位置を示すパターンを形成することにより、簡易な方法でマイクロパイプが存在するチップを特定することができる。
Claims (8)
- 第1の主面と、前記第1の主面と反対の第2の主面とを有する炭化珪素基板を準備する工程と、
前記第1の主面をエッチングすることで、前記第1の主面にマイクロパイプのエッチピットを含むエッチピットを出現させる工程と、
前記第1の主面における前記マイクロパイプの2次元位置情報を取得する工程と、
前記炭化珪素基板を複数のチップに切断する工程と、
前記2次元位置情報に基づいて前記チップの選別を行う工程とを備え、
前記第1の主面は珪素面または前記珪素面から10°以下の角度オフした面である、炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記第2の主面に接して炭化珪素エピタキシャル層を形成する工程をさらに備えた、請求項1に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記炭化珪素エピタキシャル層の表面に前記チップの切断位置を示すパターンを形成する工程をさらに備え、
前記炭化珪素基板を前記複数のチップに切断する工程では、前記パターンに沿って前記炭化珪素基板が切断される、請求項2に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記チップを選別する工程は、前記マイクロパイプの前記2次元位置情報を前記パターンの位置と比較することにより行われる、請求項3に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記2次元位置情報を前記チップの識別番号に対応させる工程をさらに備えた、請求項1または2に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記マイクロパイプを含む前記エッチピットを出現させる工程の後、前記第1の主面を研磨する工程をさらに備えた、請求項5に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記エッチピットの少なくとも一部を除去するように前記第1の主面を研削する工程をさらに備えた、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第1の主面を研削する工程の後、前記第1の主面に接して電極を形成する工程をさらに備えた、請求項7に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
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- 2014-02-07 CN CN201480009879.4A patent/CN105074897A/zh active Pending
- 2014-02-07 WO PCT/JP2014/052861 patent/WO2014162775A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2014-02-07 EP EP14778263.5A patent/EP2983198A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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Also Published As
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EP2983198A1 (en) | 2016-02-10 |
US20160020156A1 (en) | 2016-01-21 |
EP2983198A4 (en) | 2016-08-31 |
CN105074897A (zh) | 2015-11-18 |
JP2014203833A (ja) | 2014-10-27 |
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