WO2014123222A1 - 静電容量センサ及びステアリング - Google Patents
静電容量センサ及びステアリング Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014123222A1 WO2014123222A1 PCT/JP2014/052908 JP2014052908W WO2014123222A1 WO 2014123222 A1 WO2014123222 A1 WO 2014123222A1 JP 2014052908 W JP2014052908 W JP 2014052908W WO 2014123222 A1 WO2014123222 A1 WO 2014123222A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- steering
- capacitance
- capacitance sensor
- flexible substrate
- capacitance detection
- Prior art date
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
- G01D5/24—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying capacitance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
- B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
- B62D1/04—Hand wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
- B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
- B62D1/04—Hand wheels
- B62D1/046—Adaptations on rotatable parts of the steering wheel for accommodation of switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
- H03K17/96—Touch switches
- H03K2017/9602—Touch switches characterised by the type or shape of the sensing electrodes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a capacitance sensor and steering used for steering of an automobile.
- Patent Document 1 There is known a capacitance sensor that covers the steering of an automobile with a metal tape and detects whether or not an occupant's hand is touching the steering.
- the capacitance sensor detects whether or not the occupant's hand is touching the steering wheel by detecting a change in the capacitance between the occupant's hand and the metal foil. And can be used for ON / OFF control of the heater, or for control of an air bag or the like.
- Patent Document 1 a skeleton part of a steering wheel (hereinafter referred to as a steering core) is covered with an insulating sheet, a metal tape is wound around this, and this is further covered with a heater and a cover pad. Therefore, a plurality of different work processes are required.
- the present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object thereof is to provide a capacitance sensor and a steering which can be easily attached.
- the capacitance sensor according to the present invention is a capacitance sensor mounted on a steering wheel.
- a capacitance sensor according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a flexible substrate having insulating properties, and a capacitance detection electrode provided on a surface of the flexible substrate, and a direction in which the steering wheel extends. , And a second portion extending from the first portion in a direction intersecting with the direction in which the steering wheel extends, and is formed so as to cover the steering core entirely. That is, the capacitance sensor according to the present invention can be formed from, for example, a membrane or FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit).
- the steering wheel has a first part along the direction in which the steering wheel extends and a second part that extends from the first part in a direction intersecting with the direction in which the steering wheel extends, and can cover the entire surface of the steering core. Therefore, it is possible to provide a capacitance sensor that does not require a plurality of work steps and can be easily attached.
- the capacitance sensor may further include a shield electrode on the back surface of the flexible substrate. That is, for example, when a metal part is included inside the flexible substrate, such as a steering core, it is possible to eliminate the influence of the metal part on the detection signal by arranging the shield electrode. is there.
- the capacitance sensor according to one embodiment of the present invention can be formed using a membrane, FPC, or the like, the shield electrode can also be formed integrally with the flexible substrate. Therefore, it is possible to attach the shield electrode without increasing the number of work steps.
- the capacitance detection electrode can also be formed on the second portion.
- the capacitance detection electrode By forming the capacitance detection electrode also in the second portion, it is possible to realize a fine detection with a dense capacitance detection range.
- the capacitance detection electrode may have a wiring having a shape that borders the flexible substrate. When such a wiring is provided as a component of the capacitance detection electrode, even when this wiring is disconnected at one place, it is possible to transmit a detection signal to the control unit through another path.
- the steering according to the present invention includes a steering core and a capacitance sensor attached to the steering core.
- This capacitance sensor has a flexible substrate having insulating properties, and a capacitance detection electrode provided on the surface of the flexible substrate.
- the capacitance sensor further includes a first portion extending along a direction in which the steering wheel extends and a second portion extending from the first portion in a direction intersecting with the direction in which the steering wheel extends. Is formed so as to cover the entire surface.
- the capacitance sensor according to the above aspect may further include a shield electrode on the back surface of the flexible substrate.
- the capacitance detection electrode may be divided into a plurality of directions in a direction intersecting with the direction in which the steering wheel extends, and the adjacent capacitance detection electrodes may be configured to independently detect the capacitance. good. Whether only one of the adjacent capacitance detection electrodes detects the occupant's hand or both detect the occupant's hand, whether the occupant's hand is in contact with the wheel or is gripping Can be determined. At that time, the capacitance detection electrodes are divided into a plurality of groups so that adjacent capacitance detection electrodes belong to different groups, and a plurality of capacitance detection electrodes belonging to the same group are connected in common. As a result, the number of wires from the electrode to the control device can be reduced.
- the steering according to one aspect of the present invention includes a heater that generates heat in response to a detection signal of the capacitance sensor, between the steering and the capacitance sensor.
- a cushioning material that covers the capacitance sensor may be attached to the steering core. Such a cushioning material has the effect of reducing the unevenness that occurs when the capacitance sensor is attached to the steering core. However, by attaching the capacitance sensor and the cushioning material together, the attachment work to the steering wheel Can be further reduced.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ in FIG. 2 and viewed in the direction of the arrow.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB ′ of FIG. 3 and viewed in the direction of the arrow.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC ′ of FIG. 6 and viewed in the direction of the arrow. It is a top view which shows the structure of a part of the electrostatic capacitance sensor. It is a top view which shows the structure of a part of the electrostatic capacitance sensor. It is a top view which shows the structure of a part of the electrostatic capacitance sensor. It is a top view which shows the structure of a part of the electrostatic capacitance sensor. It is a top view which shows the structure of a part of the electrostatic capacitance sensor. It is a top view which shows the structure of a part of the electrostatic capacitance sensor. It is a top view which shows the structure of a part of the electrostatic capacitance sensor. It is a top view which shows the structure of a part of the electrostatic capacitance sensor.
- the capacitance sensor according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
- the operation principle of the capacitance sensor according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
- the capacitance sensor according to the present embodiment detects whether or not the occupant's hand is touching the steering wheel by detecting a change in capacitance between the occupant's hand and the electrode in the capacitance sensor. It is to detect. That is, as shown in FIG. 1A, in a state where the occupant's hand is away from the steering, the capacitance sensor detects the capacitance between the vehicle body and the metal foil. However, as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the steering according to the present embodiment. Inside the wheel 11 of the steering 1, the capacitance sensor 2 according to the present embodiment is arranged. In the present embodiment, the capacitance sensor 2 is provided independently in a range of about 120 ° on the right side from the upper part of the wheel 11 and a range of about 120 ° on the left side. It is detected whether each of both hands is touching. Further, the capacitance sensor 2 is not provided in a range of about 120 ° below the wheel 11.
- the capacitance sensors 2 arranged on the left and right are respectively connected to the control device 3 arranged in the steering column 12 via the contact wiring 2a.
- the contact wiring 2a is preferably provided at a position corresponding to the steering column 12. This is because unnecessary terminal portions and wiring can be eliminated.
- the capacitance sensor 2 is not provided in the range of about 120 ° below the wheel, but the range in which such a capacitance sensor 2 is not provided can be adjusted as appropriate.
- the range in which the capacitance sensor 2 is not provided is less than about 60 °, there is a possibility that the occupant's foot may come into contact with the capacitance sensor 2.
- the installation range becomes smaller than the range in which the occupant's hand touches, and it is impossible to properly detect whether the occupant's hand is in contact. Therefore, it can be considered that the range in which the capacitance sensor 2 is not provided is adjusted in a range of approximately 60 ° to 180 ° on the lower side.
- two electrostatic capacitance sensors 2 are arranged. However, it is possible to divide into three or more or combine them into one according to the application. For example, when it is desired to detect the position and posture of the occupant in detail, it may be possible to divide the capacitance sensor 2 in a finer range.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the wheel 11 as viewed in the AA ′ direction of FIG.
- a central portion of the wheel 11 is a steering core 111.
- the steering core 111 is covered with the capacitance sensor 2.
- irregularities may be generated on the surface of the wheel 11. Such irregularities can be reduced by covering with the cushioning material 112.
- the buffer material 112 can be formed of, for example, a rubber material such as a rubber sheet or a foamed resin such as urethane foam.
- the cushioning material 112 is provided over the entire circumference of the steering core 111.
- the cushioning material 112 is covered with a steering skin 113 made of leather or the like that touches the passenger's hand.
- each layer is bonded with, for example, a double-sided adhesive tape or an adhesive.
- the capacitance sensor 2 includes a flexible substrate 21 having insulation properties, a capacitance detection electrode 22 that is provided on the surface of the flexible substrate 21 and detects a change in capacitance, and capacitance detection. And a resist layer 24 covering the electrode layer 22.
- the electrostatic capacitance sensor 2 is provided on the back surface of the flexible substrate 21, and includes a shield electrode 25 that eliminates the influence of metal parts and the like included in the steering core 111 on the detection signal, and an adhesive that covers the shield electrode 25.
- Layer 27 is provided on the back surface of the flexible substrate 21, and includes a shield electrode 25 that eliminates the influence of metal parts and the like included in the steering core 111 on the detection signal, and an adhesive that covers the shield electrode 25.
- the capacitance detection electrode 22 includes a surface wiring layer 221 provided on the surface of the flexible substrate 21 and an electrode layer 222 covering the surface wiring layer 221.
- the shield electrode 25 includes a back surface wiring layer 251 provided on the back surface of the flexible substrate 21 and a shield layer 252 that covers the back surface wiring layer 251.
- the capacitance detection electrode 22 is composed of the surface wiring layer 221 and the electrode layer 222, but one of the surface wiring layer 221 and the electrode layer 222 is omitted, and the electrostatic capacitance is detected only from the other. It is also possible to configure the capacitance detection electrode 22.
- the shield electrode 25 is constituted by the back surface wiring layer 251 and the shield layer 252, but one of the back surface wiring layer 251 and the shield layer 252 is omitted, and the shield electrode 25 is formed only from the other. It is also possible to configure.
- the capacitance sensor 2 according to the present embodiment has a configuration formed on a flexible substrate such as a membrane or FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit). Therefore, it can be configured in a free shape as compared with the case where the capacitance sensor is configured using metal foil or the like.
- the electrostatic capacitance sensor 2 according to the present embodiment extends in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the first portion 2c on both sides of the first portion 2c as shown in FIG. 5 when not attached to the steering core 111.
- the second portion 2d is divided, and a plurality of second portions 2d are formed on both sides (each in the vertical direction) of the first portion 2c.
- the other part is formed so as to fit the annular steering core 111 without overlapping and to cover the entire surface of the steering core 111.
- the capacitance sensor 2 includes a first portion 2c extending along the wheel 11 extending direction, that is, along the outer peripheral portion of the wheel 11, and a plurality extending in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the first portion 2c.
- the 2nd part 2d is formed in trapezoid shape, and a front-end
- the width of the cut 2b may be basically set to a width that becomes wider as the distance from the first portion 2c increases so that the adjacent second portions 2d do not overlap. That is, as will be described later, since the first portion 2c is disposed on the outer periphery (the portion with the largest diameter) of the steering core 111, the width of the notch 2b at a certain position X is the length at the outermost peripheral position of the steering core 111. And the length in the circumferential direction at the position X may be set wider than the width divided by the number of cuts 2b. However, if the difference is larger than twice the width obtained by dividing the difference by the number of cuts 2b, the gap becomes too large, and the area for forming the capacitance detection electrode 22 becomes small, and the sensitivity is lowered.
- the adhesive layer 27 of the first portion 2c is brought into close contact with the steering core 111 along the outer periphery of the steering core 111, and then the second portion 2d is placed on the inner peripheral side of the steering core 111.
- the entire surface of the steering core 111 is covered with the electrostatic capacitance sensor 2 by folding inward.
- the plurality of notches 2b are formed so that the second portions 2d do not overlap each other, the unevenness of the steering wheel 1 can be reduced. Further, by preventing the capacitance detection electrodes 22 from overlapping each other, there is no problem that the parasitic capacitance value is changed and the sensitivity is lowered.
- the gap generated when the capacitance sensor 2 is mounted on the steering core 111 is as small as possible. Specifically, it is desirable that the width of the widest gap is not more than half of the width of the second portion 2d.
- the first portion 2 c is mounted on the outermost periphery of the steering core 111, and the second portion 2 d is wound from there along the circumferential direction of the steering core 111.
- the capacitance sensor 2 can be easily attached to the core 111. Further, such attachment work is simpler than the case where a metal tape is wound around the steering core 111.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the flexible substrate 21 and the surface wiring layer 221 of the capacitance sensor 2 according to the first embodiment.
- the flexible substrate 21 is made of a thin and flexible film such as polyimide or PET, and is formed into the shape described with reference to FIG. 5 by, for example, a punching process.
- the surface wiring layer 221 is made of silver (Ag), copper (Cu), or the like and is formed along the outer shape. That is, the surface wiring layer 221 is also formed in the portion 21d corresponding to the second portion 2d described above. Therefore, the detection range of the capacitance becomes dense and fine detection is realized.
- the surface wiring layer 221 has wiring that borders the shape of the flexible substrate 21. For example, even when this wiring is disconnected at one place, the detection signal is controlled through another path. It is possible to transmit to the unit 3. In addition, since the wiring has a shape that borders the outer shape of the flexible substrate 21, the detection area is maximized and the detection sensitivity is improved. Furthermore, since the capacitance sensor 2 according to this embodiment can be formed from a membrane or FPC, free patterning is possible as compared with a method of winding a metal tape. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the material cost by arranging the metal only in an effective range. Further, in the present embodiment, the front surface wiring layer 221 can be freely patterned.
- a mesh portion 251b of the back surface wiring layer 251 described later is provided inside the wiring that borders the shape of the flexible substrate 21, a mesh portion 251b of the back surface wiring layer 251 described later is provided. It is also possible to provide a mesh portion having such a pattern. In this case, it is considered that the position of the passenger's hand can be detected more suitably. In addition, such a mesh portion can be manufactured at a lower cost than, for example, solid coating of silver (Ag) or copper (Cu). Furthermore, for example, when the capacitance detection electrode 22 is configured only from the surface wiring layer 221 without the electrode layer 222, the manufacturing process can be performed without narrowing the detection range by providing the mesh portion on the surface wiring 221. It is possible to reduce.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the electrode layer 222 of the capacitance sensor 2 according to the first embodiment.
- the electrode layer 222 is formed by painting the inside of the border wiring with carbon having conductivity and flexibility so as to cover the surface wiring layer 221 and the contact wiring 2a.
- the electrode layer 222 operates as an electrode for capacitance detection of the capacitance sensor 2.
- the capacitance sensor 2 inputs the potential of the capacitance detection electrode 22 including the surface wiring layer 221 and the electrode layer 222 to the control device 3 via the contact wiring 2a to input the capacitance. Is detected.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the resist layer 24.
- the resist layer 24 is formed by applying a solid resist material so as to cover up to the side surface of the capacitance detection electrode 22. This prevents foreign substances such as moisture from entering the capacitance detection electrode 22 side.
- a solid resist material it is conceivable to use a polyester-based material or an acrylic-based material.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view showing the back surface wiring layer 251 of the capacitance sensor 2 according to the first embodiment.
- Silver (Ag), copper (Cu), or the like is used for the back surface wiring layer 251, and an edge portion 251 a patterned so as to edge the shape of the flexible substrate 21, and a mesh shape ( Mesh portion 251b formed in a net shape. Therefore, even when the border portion 251a is broken at one place, the potential of the entire back surface wiring layer 251 can be adjusted through another route.
- the back wiring layer 251 is made of silver (Ag) in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a plan view showing the shield layer 252 of the capacitance sensor 2 according to the first embodiment.
- a carbon material having conductivity and flexibility is used for the shield layer 252, and an edge portion 252 a patterned so as to edge the shape of the possibility substrate 21 so as to cover the back surface wiring layer 251, and this edge portion 252a has a mesh portion 252b formed in a mesh shape (net shape).
- the shield layer 252 is formed from the rim portion 252a and the mesh portion 252b.
- the shield layer 252 may be formed by solid-coating the carbon material having conductivity and flexibility.
- FIG. 13 is a plan view showing the adhesive layer 27 of the capacitance sensor 2 according to the first embodiment.
- the adhesive layer 27 is formed by solidly applying an adhesive material so as to cover the entire back surface of the flexible substrate 21.
- the front surface wiring layer 221, the electrode layer 222, the back surface wiring layer 251, the shield layer 252, the resist layer 24, and the adhesive layer 27 can be formed by, for example, screen printing or offset printing.
- the steering according to the present invention is basically configured in substantially the same manner as the steering 1 according to the first embodiment, but as shown in FIG. 14, in this embodiment, the steering core 111 and the capacitance sensor 2 A heater 114 that generates heat in response to the detection signal of the capacitance sensor 2 is further provided therebetween.
- the heater 114 is arranged inside the shield electrode 25, it is possible to detect whether or not the hand of the passenger is touching the wheel 11 by eliminating the influence of the detection signal from the heater 114. is there.
- the capacitive sensor 2 is also divided into two regions of the wheel 11 in this embodiment, so that the passenger's hand is in contact with this embodiment. The heater can be turned on only in the region, and the power consumption can be reduced.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of the planar shape of the capacitance sensor according to the present invention.
- the planar shape of the capacitance sensor 2 is not necessarily the same as the shape shown in FIG. 5, and a plurality of notches 2b are formed. Any shape that can be wound around the steering core 111 by having it can be used.
- a shape in which the second portion 2d extends from both sides of the first portion 2c along the extending direction of the wheel 11 in a direction intersecting with the extending direction of the wheel 11 is employed. As shown in FIG.
- the capacitance sensor 2A can also be configured by a first portion 2Ac extending along the wheel 11 and a second portion 2Ad extended from only one side so as to be orthogonal to the first portion. is there.
- the second portion 2Ad is formed such that the width becomes narrower as it is away from the first portion 2Ac, and the width becomes wider from the middle portion and becomes the thickest at the end.
- the first portion 2Ac is mounted on the outermost periphery of the steering core 111
- the narrowest portion of the second portion 2Ad is mounted on the innermost periphery of the steering core 111.
- the second portion 2Ad is provided only from one side of the first portion 2Ac, the mounting to the steering core 111 is further facilitated. Further, when the second portion 2Ad is wound around the steering core 111, the capacitance detection electrode 22 can be reliably provided on the inner periphery of the steering core 111 that is most difficult to detect, so that the detection sensitivity is improved.
- the second portion 2Ad is formed in a trapezoidal shape with the tip portion narrower than the base end portion.
- the widths of the second portions 2Bd and 2Cd can be matched to the width of the tip portion to form a strip shape. Such a shape facilitates processing.
- the first portion does not necessarily need to be formed in a rectangle as long as the shape can be wound around the steering core 111 by having a plurality of cuts. That is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the first portions 2Dc and 2Ec can be formed in an annular shape as the capacitance sensors 2D and 2E. Since the first portions 2Dc and 2Ec are formed in an annular shape similar to the shape of the steering core 111, it is possible to attach the capacitance sensors 2D and 2E from one surface of the steering core 111. Easy installation work is possible. In addition, since it has an annular shape like the shape of the steering core 111, there is an advantage that wrinkles are hardly generated.
- the first portion 2Fc formed along the wheel 11 is divided into a plurality of portions and orthogonal thereto.
- One second portion 2Fd and one first portion 2Fc may be provided so as to be connected.
- the first portion 2Gc can be further branched into capacitive sensors 2GA and 2GB from the coupling portion 2Ge, and the second portion 2Gd can be extended from the branched first portion 2Gc. It is.
- the capacitance sensor 2 can be attached to a portion that requires fine detection or a specially shaped steering core 111.
- a plurality of notches 2Hb and 2Ib are alternately formed, and the first portions 2Hc and 2Ic and the second portions are formed so as to form a zigzag pattern as a whole.
- Two portions 2Hd and 2Id may be formed. According to these embodiments, since the first portions 2Hc and 2Ic are not straight lines connected in the horizontal direction in the drawing, even if the mounting position with respect to the steering core 111 is slightly deviated, it can be properly attached, and wrinkles can be prevented. There is an advantage that it is difficult to lean.
- FIG. 24 shows that the capacitance detection electrode 22 according to the first embodiment is divided into two in a direction intersecting with the direction in which the wheel 11 extends, and the upper side of the first portion 2Jc in the drawing along the direction in which the wheel 11 extends is shown.
- the capacitance detection electrode 22a and the lower side are the capacitance detection electrode 22b.
- These capacitance detection electrodes 22a and 22b are configured to be able to detect capacitance independently of each other.
- the contact range of the occupant's hand with the wheel 11 is narrow, so If both of them detect contact with the occupant's hand, the contact range of the occupant's hand is a range close to 180 ° covering both the two capacitance detection electrodes 22a and 22b. It can be determined that the hand has gripped the wheel 11. As a result, various devices can be controlled to the optimum state.
- FIG. 25 separate electrostatic capacitance detection electrodes 22c and 22d are respectively formed on the electrostatic capacitance sensors 2KA and 2KB branched vertically in the embodiment shown in FIG.
- the capacity may be detected. Even in this case, as in the previous embodiment, it is possible to discriminate between contact and grip of the passenger's hand.
- the electrostatic capacitance sensors 2KA and 2KB are vertically branched, it is possible to prevent erroneous detection of “gripping” just by touching the hand, and detection accuracy is improved. There is an advantage of doing.
- the capacitance sensor 2L of FIG. 26 is provided with a plurality (six in this example) of first portions 2Lc along the extending direction of the wheel 11, and as shown in FIG. An example is shown in which the portions 2Lc are arranged at predetermined intervals. Among the six first portions 2Lc, the capacitance detection electrodes 22 that are opposed to the steering core 111 in a mounted state are connected in common. Three wiring layers 23a are formed in the second portion 2Ld extending in the direction intersecting the first portion 2Lc, and each wiring layer 23a connects the capacitance detection electrodes 22 included in the same set.
- the occupant's hand when the occupant's hand covers the angular range in which the capacitance detection electrodes 22 of the plurality of first portions 2Lc adjacent in the circumferential direction of the steering core 111 are covered, a plurality of static Since the set of the capacitance detection electrodes 22 detects the contact of the detection target, it can be determined that the occupant's hand is holding the wheel 11. On the other hand, when the occupant's hand only touches the wheel 11, only the capacitance detection electrode 22 of the first portion 2 ⁇ / b> Lc belonging to one set detects the contact of the detection target. It can be determined that is touching the wheel 11.
- the first portions 2Lc attached to the outer peripheral portion and the inner peripheral portion of the wheel 11 have a shape extending substantially linearly
- the first portion 2 ⁇ / b> Lc disposed between the two is formed in an arc shape that matches the curvature of the wheel 11.
- the radius of curvature of the arc-shaped portion may be determined in consideration of the flexibility and stretchability of the first portion 2Lc including the flexible substrate 21.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
Description
[1-1.第1の実施形態に係る静電容量センサの動作原理]
以下、本発明の第1の実施形態に係る静電容量センサについて説明する。本実施形態に係る静電容量センサの動作原理について、図1を参照して説明する。本実施形態に係る静電容量センサは、乗員の手と、静電容量センサ中の電極との間の静電容量の変化を検知することによって、乗員の手がステアリングに触れているか否かを検出するものである。即ち、図1(a)に示す通り、乗員の手がステアリングから離れている状態では、静電容量センサは、車体と金属箔との間の静電容量を検知する。しかしながら、図1(b)に示す通り、乗員の手がステアリングに近付くと、静電容量センサと車体の間に乗員が介在することになるので、静電容量センサで検知される静電容量が変化する。従って、静電容量センサによって検知された静電容量が所定の閾値以上になった場合には、乗員の手がステアリングに触れていると判断することが可能である。
図2は、本実施形態に係るステアリングの概略図である。ステアリング1のホイール11内部には、本実施形態に係る静電容量センサ2が配置される。本実施形態において、静電容量センサ2は、ホイール11の上部から右側に約120°分の範囲と、左側に約120°分の範囲とに、独立して設けられ、それぞれの範囲について、乗員の両手のそれぞれが接触しているか否かを検知する。また、ホイール11の下側約120°分の範囲には、静電容量センサ2が設けられていない。これは、ホイール11の下側には乗員の足が接触するおそれがあり、これによってホイール11に乗員の手が接触しているとの誤検知を生じるおそれがあるためである。左右に配置された静電容量センサ2は、それぞれコンタクト配線2aを介してステアリングコラム12内に配置された制御装置3に接続される。コンタクト配線2aは、ステアリングコラム12に対応する位置に設けられるのが好ましい。これにより無駄な端子部や配線を不要とすることができるからである。
本実施形態に係る静電容量センサ2は、メンブレン又はFPC(Flexible Printed Circuit)等、可撓性を有する基板上に形成された構成を有する。従って、金属箔等を用いて静電容量センサを構成する場合と比較して自由な形状に構成することが可能である。本実施形態に係る静電容量センサ2は、ステアリングコア111に取り付けられていない状態においては、図5に示す通り、第1部分2cの両側に第1部分2cの延びる方向と直交する方向に延びる複数の切れ込み2bを有することによって、第2部分2dが分割され、第1部分2cの両側(上下方向のそれぞれ)に複数の第2部分2dが形成される。複数の切れ込み2bを有することにより、他の部分が重なることなく環状のステアリングコア111にフィットしてステアリングコア111の全面を覆う事が可能な様に形成される。換言すると、静電容量センサ2は、ホイール11の延びる方向、則ちホイール11の外周部分に沿って延びる第1部分2cと、この第1部分2cの延びる方向と直交する方向に延出する複数の第2部分2dとを有する。第2部分2dは台形状に形成され、先端部分が基端部分と比較して細くなる。
図8は、第1の実施形態に係る静電容量センサ2の可撓性基板21と、表面配線層221を示す平面図である。可撓性基板21は、例えばポリイミドやPETの様な薄くて可撓性のあるフィルムが用いられ、例えば打ち抜き工程により、図5を用いて説明した形状に形成される。また表面配線層221には、銀(Ag)や銅(Cu)等が用いられ、外形形状に沿って形成される。即ち、上述した第2部分2dに該当する部分21dにも表面配線層221が形成される。従って、静電容量の検知範囲が密になり、きめ細かな検出が実現される。また、表面配線層221は、可撓性基板21の形状を縁取りする様な配線を有しており、例えばこの配線が一か所断線した様な場合にも、他の経路を通じて検知信号を制御部3に送信することが可能である。また、配線が可撓性基板21の外形を縁取りする様な形状なので、最大限検知エリアが広がり、検知感度が向上する。更に、本実施形態に係る静電容量センサ2はメンブレン又はFPCから形成することが可能であるため、金属テープを巻き付ける方法と比較して自由なパターニングが可能である。従って、有効な範囲のみに金属を配置することによって材料費の削減をすることが可能である。また、本実施形態においては表面配線層221を自由にパターニングすることが可能であり、例えば可撓性基板21の形状を縁取りする様な配線の内側に、後述する裏面配線層251のメッシュ部251bの様なパターンを有するメッシュ部を設けることも可能である。この場合には、より好適に乗員の手の位置を検出することが可能であると考えられる。また、この様なメッシュ部は、例えば銀(Ag)や銅(Cu)をベタ塗りする様な場合と比較して、安価に製造することが可能である。更に、例えば電極層222を省略して表面配線層221のみから静電容量検出電極22を構成する場合には、表面配線221に上記メッシュ部を設けることにより、検出範囲を狭めることなく製造工程を削減することが可能である。
次に、本発明の第2の実施形態について説明する。本発明に係るステアリングは基本的には第1の実施形態に係るステアリング1とほぼ同様に構成されるが、図14に示す通り、本実施形態においてはステアリングコア111と静電容量センサ2との間に、静電容量センサ2の検知信号に応じて発熱するヒータ114を更に有している。この様な構成においてはヒータ114をシールド電極25よりも内側に配置する為、ヒータ114による検知信号の影響を排除して乗員の手がホイール11に触れているか否かを検知することが可能である。また、第1の実施形態と同様、本実施形態においても静電容量センサ2をホイール11の二つの領域に分割して配置しているため、本実施形態においては乗員の手が接触している領域についてのみヒータをONにすることが可能であり、低消費電力化が可能である。
次に、本発明のその他の実施形態について説明する。図5において、本発明に係る静電容量センサの平面形状の一例を示したが、静電容量センサ2の平面形状は必ずしも図5に示す形状と同様にする必要は無く、複数の切れ込み2bを有することによってステアリングコア111に巻き付けることが可能な形状であれば、採用可能である。例えば第1の実施形態においてはホイール11の延びる方向に沿う第1部分2cの両側からホイール11の延びる方向と交差する方向に第2部分2dが延出する形状を採用していたが、図15に示す通り、静電容量センサ2Aは、ホイール11に沿って延びる第1部分2Acとその片側のみから第1部分と直交するように延出させた第2部分2Adとで構成することも可能である。第2部分2Adは、第1部分2Acから離れるに従い、幅が細くなり、中間部分からは逆に幅が広くなって末端で一番太くなるように形成されている。この実施形態でも、第1部分2Acがステアリングコア111の最外周に装着され、第2部分2Adの最も幅が狭い部分がステアリングコア111の最内周に装着される。この実施形態によれば、第1部分2Acの片側からしか第2部分2Adが設けられていないので、ステアリングコア111への装着が更に容易になる。また、第2部分2Adをステアリングコア111に巻きつけた際に、最も検知が難しくなるステアリングコア111の内周に確実に静電容量検知電極22を設けることができるので、検出感度が向上する。なお、第1の実施形態においては第2部分2Adが、先端部分が基端部分よりも細い台形状に形成されるが、図16及び図17に示す通り、静電容量センサ2B,2Cとして、第2部分2Bd,2Cdの幅を先端部分の幅に合わせ、短冊状に形成することも可能である。このような形状であると、加工が容易になる。
Claims (13)
- ステアリングに装着される静電容量センサであって、
絶縁性を有する可撓性基板と、
前記可撓性基板の上に設けられた静電容量検出電極と
を有し、
前記ステアリングのホイールの延びる方向に沿う第1部分と、ステアリングのホイールの延びる方向と交差する方向に前記第1部分から延出する第2部分とを有し、ステアリングコアを全面的に覆う様に形成されている
ことを特徴とする静電容量センサ。 - 前記第1部分及び第2部分の少なくとも一方が、複数に分割されている
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載の静電容量センサ。 - 前記可撓性基板の裏面に、シールド電極を有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の静電容量センサ。
- 前記静電容量検出電極は、前記第2部分にも形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項記載の静電容量センサ。
- 前記静電容量検出電極は、前記可撓性基板を縁取りする形状の配線を有することを特徴とする請求項4記載の静電容量センサ。
- 前記静電容量検出電極は、前記ステアリングのホイールの延びる方向と交差する方向に複数に分割され、隣接する静電容量検出電極は、それぞれ独立して静電容量を検出可能に構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の静電容量センサ。
- 前記静電容量検出電極は、前記隣接する静電容量検出電極同士がそれぞれ異なる組に属するように複数の組に分割され、
同一の組に属する複数の静電容量検出電極は共通接続されている
ことを特徴とする請求項6記載の静電容量センサ。 - ステアリングコアと、
このステアリングコアに装着される静電容量センサとを備えたステアリングにおいて、
前記静電容量センサは、
絶縁性を有する可撓性基板と、
前記可撓性基板の上に設けられた静電容量検出電極と、
を有し、
ステアリングのホイールの延びる方向に沿う第1部分と、前記ステアリングのホイールの延びる方向と交差する方向に前記第1部分から延出する第2部分とを有し、前記ステアリングコアを全面的に覆う様に形成されている
ことを特徴とするステアリング。 - 前記可撓性基板の裏面に、シールド電極を有することを特徴とする請求項8記載のステアリング。
- 前記ステアリングコアと前記静電容量センサとの間に、前記静電容量センサの検知信号に応じて発熱するヒータを有する事を特徴とする請求項9記載のステアリング。
- 前記ステアリングコアに、前記静電容量センサを覆う緩衝材が装着されていることを特徴とする請求項8~10のいずれか1項記載のステアリング。
- 前記静電容量検出電極は、前記ステアリングのホイールの延びる方向と交差する方向に複数に分割され、隣接する静電容量検出電極は、それぞれ独立して静電容量を検出可能に構成されていることを特徴とする請求項8記載のステアリング。
- 前記静電容量検出電極は、前記隣接する静電容量検出電極同士がそれぞれ異なる組に属するように複数の組に分割され、
同一の組に属する複数の静電容量検出電極は共通接続されている
ことを特徴とする請求項12記載のステアリング。
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EP2955737A4 (en) | 2016-06-29 |
JP5947919B2 (ja) | 2016-07-06 |
EP2955737B1 (en) | 2018-07-18 |
CN105074862B (zh) | 2017-08-25 |
CN105074862A (zh) | 2015-11-18 |
US20150369633A1 (en) | 2015-12-24 |
JPWO2014123222A1 (ja) | 2017-02-02 |
EP2955737A1 (en) | 2015-12-16 |
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