WO2014027620A1 - フッ素化ナノダイヤモンドを含むフッ素樹脂組成物 - Google Patents
フッ素化ナノダイヤモンドを含むフッ素樹脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014027620A1 WO2014027620A1 PCT/JP2013/071655 JP2013071655W WO2014027620A1 WO 2014027620 A1 WO2014027620 A1 WO 2014027620A1 JP 2013071655 W JP2013071655 W JP 2013071655W WO 2014027620 A1 WO2014027620 A1 WO 2014027620A1
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- fluororesin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/02—Ingredients treated with inorganic substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/009—Additives being defined by their hardness
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fluororesin composition containing fluorinated nanodiamond.
- Fluororesin is excellent in heat resistance, chemical resistance, non-adhesiveness, etc., and is therefore used in a wide range of applications. There have also been many attempts to improve fluororesins that have inherently superior properties.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a crystallization temperature of 305 ° C. or higher and 50 J / g for a melt-formable tetrafluoroethylene / fluoroalkoxytrifluoroethylene copolymer (PFA) composition having excellent heat resistance and chemical resistance. It is described that by including polytetrafluoroethylene having the above heat of crystallization, the surface smoothness of the melt-extruded product can be remarkably improved without impairing the characteristics of PFA.
- PFA melt-formable tetrafluoroethylene / fluoroalkoxytrifluoroethylene copolymer
- Patent Document 2 discloses that tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer (A) has a smaller content of polymerized units of perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) than copolymer (A).
- the spherulite size in the molded product can be reduced while maintaining the original physical properties and moldability of the PFA, and the molded product surface is smooth. It is described that it can be.
- Patent Document 3 discloses at least one selected from the group consisting of a tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer (A) and a tetrafluoroethylene polymer (B), and has a capacity flow rate (X) of Tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) are copolymerized in a medium in which a perfluoro polymer of 0.1 mm 3 / sec or more is dispersed, and the copolymer (A) is converted into perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether).
- X capacity flow rate
- a composition comprising a mixture of the perfluoropolymer and the resulting copolymer (C) by producing a tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer (C) having a high content of polymer units based thereon
- Patent Document 4 discloses melt molding by adding an amorphous fluorine-containing polymer or a fluorine-containing multi-segmented polymer having an amorphous fluorine-containing polymer chain segment to a crystalline fluorine-containing resin that can be melt-processed. It is described that the surface of the molded product obtained in this way can be highly smoothed and that the generation of particles and the like can be reduced.
- Patent Document 5 describes that the surface smoothness and transparency of a molded article are improved by blending an amorphous fluorine-containing polymer with crystalline PFA.
- Patent Document 6 by adding fluorinated diamond-containing particles to a fuser outer layer material containing a fluororesin, the mechanical properties, surface wear resistance, and life of the coating film forming the outermost layer of the fuser member are reduced. It is stated that it can be improved.
- the conventional technology is an additive to PFA in order to improve the surface smoothness of the molded product without impairing the excellent properties inherent in tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer (PFA).
- PFA tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer
- a technique for improving the tensile strength and bending resistance of a fluororesin molded product is not known.
- An object of this invention is to provide the fluororesin composition for obtaining the molded article excellent in tensile strength and bending resistance in view of the said present condition.
- the inventors of the present invention are excellent in tensile strength and flex resistance of a molded product obtained when a very limited amount of fluorinated nanodiamond is added to a fluororesin. As a result, the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention is a fluororesin composition
- a fluororesin composition comprising a fluororesin and fluorinated nanodiamond, wherein the fluorinated nanodiamond is 0.001 to 5% by mass of the fluororesin.
- the fluororesin is preferably a crystalline fluororesin that can be melt processed.
- the fluororesin composition may include a fluororesin powder and a fluorinated nanodiamond powder.
- the fluororesin composition may be obtained by kneading fluororesin and fluorinated nanodiamond at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the fluororesin.
- the present invention is also a molded article comprising the above-mentioned fluororesin composition.
- the molded article preferably has a recrystallized average spherulite diameter of 15 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 6 ⁇ m or less, and still more preferably 1 ⁇ m or less.
- composition of this invention consists of the said structure, the fluororesin molded product excellent in tensile strength and bending resistance can be obtained.
- the molded article of the present invention is excellent in tensile strength and flex resistance.
- the fluororesin composition of the present invention is a composition containing a fluororesin and fluorinated nanodiamond, and contains the fluorinated nanodiamond in an amount of 0.001 to 5% by mass with respect to the fluororesin.
- fluorinated nanodiamond In order to improve the tensile strength and flex resistance of a molded article obtained from the fluororesin composition, it is important to contain fluorinated nanodiamond in an amount of 0.001 to 5% by mass with respect to the fluororesin.
- fluorinated nanodiamonds serve as nuclei to help form fluororesin spherulites.
- the reason is that the formed fluororesin spherulites are small.
- Table 1 shows data that may support this assumption.
- Table 1 shows, as Examples 1 to 6, the size of spherulites formed when a molded product formed from the fluororesin composition of the present invention is melted and then cooled and recrystallized (recrystallization). The spherulite diameter) is shown. From these results, in molded articles formed from the fluororesin composition of the present invention, spherulites far smaller than molded articles obtained from fluororesin compositions not containing fluorinated nanodiamonds are formed. is expected.
- Table 1 also shows the crystallization temperature of the fluororesin composition of the present invention.
- the fluororesin composition of the present invention has a higher crystallization temperature than a fluororesin composition that does not contain fluorinated nanodiamonds, and the same addition even when compared with a fluororesin composition that contains polytetrafluoroethylene The amount has a high crystallization temperature.
- the crystallization temperature of a fluororesin composition containing polytetrafluoroethylene is described in Patent Document 1.
- fluororesinated nanodiamonds are present in a highly dispersed state, and spherulites are effectively formed in the process of crystallization of fluororesin compared to conventional techniques. It is speculated that they are formed.
- the content of fluorinated nanodiamond is 0.001 to 5 mass% with respect to the fluororesin.
- the content of the fluorinated nanodiamond is preferably 0.005 to 4% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 3% by mass, still more preferably 0.01 to 2% by mass, It is particularly preferably 0.01 to 1% by mass. If the amount of fluorinated nanodiamond is too large, not only the effect corresponding to the added amount is not obtained, but also tensile strength and flex resistance are impaired, and if the amount of fluorinated nanodiamond is too small, the tensile strength and Flexibility cannot be improved.
- a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of alkyl perfluorovinyl ether derivative represented by the It is preferred to have at least one repeating unit derived from fluorine-containing ethylenic monomer of the.
- the fluororesin may have a repeating unit derived from an ethylenic monomer having no fluorine atom, and is an ethylenic monomer having 5 or less carbon atoms from the viewpoint of maintaining heat resistance and chemical resistance. Having a repeating unit derived from the body is also a preferred form.
- the fluororesin comprises at least one fluorine-free ethylenic monomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene [Et], propylene, 1-butene, 2-butene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride and unsaturated carboxylic acid. It is also preferable to have it.
- the fluororesin is preferably a crystalline fluororesin that can be melt processed.
- the fluororesin being crystalline means having a crystallization peak temperature when the fluororesin is measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC).
- DSC differential scanning calorimeter
- the fluororesin include, for example, a TFE / PAVE copolymer, a TFE / HFP copolymer, a TFE / Et copolymer, a TFE / HFP / Et copolymer, a TFE / HFP / VdF copolymer, and a TFE / PAVE copolymer.
- CTFE copolymer, CTFE / Et copolymer polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl fluoride and the like.
- TFE / PAVE copolymer (PFA) and TFE / HFP copolymer (FEP) are preferable, and TFE / PAVE copolymer (PFA) is more preferable.
- the fluororesin preferably has a melting point of 100 to 347 ° C., more preferably 150 to 322 ° C.
- fusing point can be calculated
- the fluororesin preferably has a melt flow rate of 0.1 to 100 g / 10 min, and more preferably 1 to 70 g / 10 min.
- the melt flow rate can be determined using a melt indexer (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.) in accordance with ASTM D3307-01.
- the PFA is not particularly limited, but a copolymer having a molar ratio of TFE units to PAVE units (TFE units / PAVE units) of 70 to 99/30 to 1 is preferable. A more preferred molar ratio is 80 to 98.5 / 20 to 1.5. A more preferable molar ratio is 97 to 98.5 / 3 to 1.5 in that the effect of refining the spherulite is remarkable.
- TFE units / PAVE units a copolymer having a molar ratio of TFE units to PAVE units (TFE units / PAVE units) of 70 to 99/30 to 1 is preferable.
- a more preferred molar ratio is 80 to 98.5 / 20 to 1.5.
- a more preferable molar ratio is 97 to 98.5 / 3 to 1.5 in that the effect of refining the spherulite is remarkable.
- TFE units there exists a tendency for a mechanical physical property to fall, and when too much, melting
- monomer units derived from monomers copolymerizable with TFE and PAVE are 0.1 to 10 mol%, and TFE units and PAVE units are 90 to 99.9 mol% in total.
- a copolymer is also preferred.
- FEP is not particularly limited, but a copolymer having a molar ratio of TFE units to HFP units (TFE units / HFP units) of 70 to 99/30 to 1 is preferable. A more preferred molar ratio is 80 to 97/20 to 3. A more preferable molar ratio is 91 to 97/9 to 3 in that the effect of spherulite refinement is remarkable.
- TFE units / HFP units a copolymer having a molar ratio of TFE units to HFP units (TFE units / HFP units) of 70 to 99/30 to 1 is preferable.
- a more preferred molar ratio is 80 to 97/20 to 3.
- a more preferable molar ratio is 91 to 97/9 to 3 in that the effect of spherulite refinement is remarkable.
- TFE units there exists a tendency for a mechanical physical property to fall, and when too much, melting
- the monomer units derived from monomers copolymerizable with TFE and HFP are 0.1 to 10 mol%, and the total of TFE units and HFP units is 90 to 99.9 mol%.
- a copolymer is also preferred.
- monomers copolymerizable with TFE and HFP include PAVE and alkyl perfluorovinyl ether derivatives.
- the content of each monomer in the copolymer described above can be calculated by appropriately combining NMR, FT-IR, elemental analysis, and fluorescent X-ray analysis depending on the type of monomer.
- the fluorinated nanodiamond is preferably a fluorinated nanodiamond obtained by an explosion method.
- the unpurified nanodiamond obtained by the explosion method has a core / shell structure in which the surface of the nanodiamond is covered with graphite-based carbon and is colored black.
- unpurified nanodiamonds may be used, in order to obtain a molded product with less coloring, it is preferable to use the unpurified nanodiamond after oxidation treatment to remove part or almost all of the graphite phase. .
- nanodiamonds can be sealed in a reactor made of a material having corrosion resistance to fluorine, such as nickel or an alloy containing nickel, and fluorinated by introducing fluorine gas.
- the fluorination reaction pressure is preferably 0.002 to 1.0 MPa. If it is too low, the fluorination rate will be slow, and if it is too high, the reaction apparatus will become large and productivity and economy will be low.
- the fluorination reaction pressure is more preferably 0.005 to 0.2 MPa.
- the fluorination gas used preferably has a higher purity, but the fluorine concentration may be 1.0% by mass or more, and may be diluted with 99% by mass or less of nitrogen, argon, or helium.
- the fluorine concentration of the gas for fluorination can be changed at any time during the reaction, it is more preferably 10% by mass or more from the viewpoint of productivity.
- the gas for fluorination includes fluorocarbons such as tetrafluoroethane and hexafluoroethane, inorganic fluorides such as hydrogen fluoride, nitrogen trifluoride and iodine pentafluoride, oxygen, water vapor, and the like. It doesn't matter if it goes out. In particular, it is known that the inclusion of a trace amount of hydrogen fluoride has an effect of accelerating the reaction rate due to its catalytic effect in graphite fluorination, so it may be added positively.
- the fluorination reaction may be performed in a batch system in a reactor having a sufficient volume, may be performed as a semi-batch system performed while substituting fluorine gas as appropriate, and may be performed in a flow system.
- an appropriate stirring mechanism in the reactor in order to make the reaction uniform.
- stirring mechanism stirring by various stirring blades, a method of mechanically rotating or vibrating the reactor, a method of flowing a nanodiamond powder layer by gas flow, etc. are used, but excessive stirring causes dust explosion. Care must be taken because there is a risk.
- the fluorination reaction temperature may be selected in the range of ⁇ 100 ° C. to 600 ° C. in consideration of productivity, economy and safety, more preferably room temperature (25 ° C.) to 350 ° C., and further preferably room temperature. ⁇ 300 ° C. If the reaction temperature is too low, the rate of fluorination will be slow, and if it is too high, the nanodiamond will be decomposed quickly, so care must be taken.
- the reaction time depends on the reaction method and reaction conditions, but is not particularly limited, and it is desirable to set appropriately within a range of 10 seconds to 1000 hours. If it is too short, it will be difficult to perform sufficient fluorination, and it will not be possible to obtain a sufficient fluorination effect. If it is too long, it will not only promote the decomposition reaction of nanodiamonds, but it will also take a long time. Therefore, production efficiency is industrially lowered.
- the obtained fluorinated nanodiamond preferably has a fluorine content of 0.1 to 20.0% by mass determined by elemental analysis (oxygen flask method).
- fluorine content is small, there is a problem that a sufficient fluorination effect cannot be obtained, and when it is too large, there is a problem that the effect as nanodiamonds cannot be obtained.
- 1.0 mass% or more is more preferable, as for the said fluorine content, 5.0 mass% or more is still more preferable, and 10.0 mass% or less is more preferable.
- the form of the fluororesin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be powder, pellets, beads, dispersions and the like. When it is a dispersion, it can be used as a paint and a coating film can be formed. However, since the effect of the present invention is to improve the tensile strength and flex resistance of the molded product, the fluororesin composition of the present invention is in a form that makes it easy to produce the molded product, that is, powder, pellets. Or it is preferable that it is a bead.
- the fluororesin composition of the present invention is preferably a molding material, such as extrusion molding, injection molding, compression molding, blow molding, vacuum molding, transfer molding, cast molding, injection compression molding, insert molding, More preferred is a molding material used for inflation molding or the like.
- the fluororesin composition of the present invention can be produced by mixing fluororesin and fluorinated nanodiamond by a dry blend method, or by adding fluorinated nanodiamond to an aqueous dispersion of fluororesin and co-coagulating it. It can also be produced by analyzing, or can be produced by melt-kneading a fluororesin and a fluorinated nanodiamond at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the fluororesin.
- the melt-kneading can be performed by a known method, and can be kneaded using a kneader, an extruder, or the like.
- the form of the composition obtained by melt kneading may be pellets or beads, and may be a powder obtained by pulverizing them.
- the fluororesin composition of the present invention is a step of mixing a fluororesin and fluorinated nanodiamond by a dry blend method to obtain a mixed powder, and melt-kneading the mixed powder and the fluororesin at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the fluororesin. And a process for obtaining a masterbatch, and a process for obtaining a fluororesin composition having a desired composition by melt-kneading the masterbatch and the fluororesin at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the fluororesin. Can be manufactured.
- the fluororesin composition of the present invention may be a mixed powder of fluororesin and fluorinated nanodiamond.
- the fluororesin powder preferably has an average particle diameter of 50 to 1000 ⁇ m
- the fluorinated nanodiamond powder preferably has an average particle diameter of 1 to 1000 nm and preferably 1 to 100 nm. Is more preferable.
- the average particle diameter can be easily measured by, for example, a laser light scattering particle distribution meter.
- the powder may be subjected to measurement as it is, or may be measured in a state of being appropriately dispersed in an appropriate organic solvent such as 2-butanone.
- a particle size distribution is estimated by photographing the dispersion state of the fluorinated nanodiamond with a transmission electron microscope after thinly slicing with a scanning electron microscope or a microtome, and appropriately performing image processing.
- a molded product may be obtained directly from the mixed powder by extrusion molding or the like, or the mixed powder may be melt-kneaded by a kneader to obtain a kneaded product, and then the molded product may be obtained by molding the kneaded product.
- the fluororesin composition of the present invention may be a composition obtained by kneading fluororesin and fluorinated nanodiamond at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the fluororesin.
- the fluorinated nanodiamond is dispersed in the fluororesin.
- the dispersion of the fluorinated nanodiamond in the fluororesin can be observed with a transmission electron microscope after thinly slicing with a scanning electron microscope or a microtome.
- the fluorine resin composition is obtained by a laser Raman spectrum method and a fluorination obtained by a peak (1332-1325 cm ⁇ 1 ) peculiar to the nanodiamond core and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) generated at a position different from the fluororesin. This can be confirmed by detecting a peak (about 288 eV) peculiar to the formed graphite phase.
- the fluororesin composition of the present invention comprises a flame retardant, a stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, an antistatic agent, a conductivity imparting agent, a nucleating agent, a lubricant, a filler, a dispersant, a metal deactivator, and a neutralizer. It may contain additives such as an agent, a processing aid, a release agent, a foaming agent, a colorant, and an anti-fingerprint agent.
- the fluororesin composition of the present invention can contain an additive in an amount that does not impair the effects of the present invention, and 0.001 to 1.000 mass% added to the total mass of the fluororesin and fluorinated nanodiamond. An agent may be included.
- the fluororesin composition of the present invention preferably contains 99.000 to 99.999 mass% in total of the fluororesin and the fluorinated nanodiamond.
- the mass ratio of the fluororesin and the fluorinated nanodiamond is preferably 99.999 / 0.001 to 97.000 / 3.000.
- the fluororesin composition of the present invention preferably does not substantially contain water, and more preferably does not contain 1.000% by mass or more of water.
- the present invention is also a molded article comprising the above-described fluororesin composition. Since the molded article of the present invention is obtained by molding the above fluororesin composition, it is excellent in tensile strength and flex resistance.
- the molding method of the fluororesin composition is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include extrusion molding, injection molding, compression molding, blow molding, vacuum molding, transfer molding, cast molding, injection compression molding, insert molding, and inflation molding.
- the molded article of the present invention preferably has a recrystallized average spherulite diameter of 15 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 6 ⁇ m or less, and still more preferably 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the above-mentioned recrystallized average spherulite diameter was obtained by cutting out a test piece having a thickness of about 0.1 mm from a molded product obtained by melt-kneading a fluororesin and a fluorinated nanodiamond, and using a microscope stage (TST350 manufactured by Linkam Scientific Instruments). ), Raised from room temperature to 350 ° C.
- a molded product having an MIT value of 150,000 times or more.
- the MIT value can be measured by a standard bending durability tester in accordance with ASTM D-2176.
- the shape of the molded product of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a film, a sheet, a plate, a rod, a block, a cylinder, a container, an electric wire, and a tube.
- the molded product of the present invention can be used for general applications of fluororesin molded products, but since it has excellent tensile strength and bending resistance, a sealing material, a chemical solution tube, a chemical solution bottle, a fuel tube, a nut, a valve body, It can be particularly suitably used as a molding material for union joints, diaphragms, bellows, sleeves and the like. Moreover, since it is transparent and excellent in heat resistance, it can be suitably used as a viewing window for the reaction vessel. Furthermore, it can be suitably used in fields where high-purity chemicals and ultrapure water are required, such as semiconductor manufacturing.
- Retest maximum spherulite diameter, recrystallized average spherulite diameter, recrystallized minimum spherulite diameter Samples having a thickness of about 0.1 mm were cut out from the samples for measuring physical properties obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples, Place on a microscope stage (TST350, manufactured by Linkam Scientific Instruments), raise the temperature from room temperature to 350 ° C. at a rate of 40 ° C./min, hold at 350 ° C. for 5 minutes, cool to 200 ° C. at 10 ° C./min, Furthermore, it cooled to room temperature at 30 degreeC / min.
- the surface of the obtained specimen was observed with a polarizing microscope (OLYMPUS BX51) and a scanning electron microscope (Hitachi S-4000), and the average value of the diameters of 60 continuous spherulites was determined as the average spherulite diameter.
- the maximum spherulite diameter was evaluated as the maximum spherulite diameter, and the minimum spherulite diameter was evaluated as the minimum spherulite diameter.
- MIT The sample for measuring physical properties obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples was heated for 20 minutes in a mold heated to 360 ° C. on a hot press, and then pressed for 3 minutes at a pressure of about 45 kgf / cm 2 , and then the gold The mold is transferred onto a room temperature press and pressurized to about 45 kgf / cm 2 and left to cool for 15 minutes.
- a test piece having a length of about 90 mm and a width of 13 mm was cut out from the compression-formed film having a thickness of 0.20 to 0.23 mm.
- the MIT value in this specification is based on ASTM D2176, using a MIT type bending fatigue tester (manufactured by Yasuda Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.), applying a load of 9.8 N to the test piece, bending speed 175 times / minute It is an average value measured five times at an angle of 135 degrees.
- Preparation Example 1 Preparation of fluorinated nanodiamond Nanodiamonds having a primary particle size of 4 to 6 nm, a specific surface area of 250 to 350 m 2 / g and a purity of 90% by weight or more synthesized by an explosion method were used. 10.0 g of the nanodiamond was placed on a nickel dish and sealed in a nickel reaction vessel (internal volume of about 2000 cm 3 ). And the high purity nitrogen gas (purity 99.999%) was distribute
- the mixture is allowed to cool to 35 ° C. or lower, and after flowing high-purity nitrogen gas at a flow rate of 300 ml / min for 30 minutes or more to sufficiently replace the fluorine gas remaining in the reactor, the reactor is opened. Except for the amount adhering to the dish made and the amount dissipating inside and outside the reactor due to scattering, 9.72 g of fluorinated nanodiamond having a grayish white color was collected and stored in a glass container. The fluorine content of the obtained fluorinated nanodiamond was 9.1% by mass. As a result of elemental analysis, the contents of hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen were H: 0.32, C: 86.49, and N: 2.56% by mass, respectively. Further, according to XPS measurement, F / C was 0.20 and O / C was 0.1 or less.
- Tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer (PFA) powder (PPVE content 1.5 mol%, MFR 15.0 g / 10 min, melting point 304.1 ° C.) and fluorinated nano prepared as described above
- PFA perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer
- Table 1 shows melting point and crystallization temperature, spherulite diameter, MIT, tensile strength, and tensile elongation.
- Example 4 Tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer (PFA) powder (PPVE content 1.5 mol%, MFR 15.0 g / 10 min, melting point 304.1 ° C.) and fluorinated nano prepared as described above After mixing with diamond for 3 minutes at room temperature using a household miller (trade name IMF-800DG, manufactured by Iwatani Corporation) so that the fluorinated nanodiamond is 2.00% by mass with respect to PFA Using a Laboplast mill (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd., product number: 100C100), the mixture was kneaded at 350 ° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a sample for measuring physical properties. Table 1 shows melting point and crystallization temperature, spherulite diameter, MIT, tensile strength, and tensile elongation.
- Example 5 Tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer (PFA) powder (PPVE content 1.5 mol%, MFR 15.0 g / 10 min, melting point 304.1 ° C.) and fluorinated nano prepared as described above After mixing with diamond for 3 minutes at room temperature using a household miller (trade name IMF-800DG, manufactured by Iwatani Corporation) so that the fluorinated nanodiamond is 3.00% by mass with respect to PFA Using a Laboplast mill (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd., product number: 100C100), the mixture was kneaded at 350 ° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a sample for measuring physical properties. Table 1 shows melting point and crystallization temperature, spherulite diameter, MIT, tensile strength, and tensile elongation.
- Example 6 Tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer (PFA) powder (PPVE content 1.5 mol%, MFR 15.0 g / 10 min, melting point 304.1 ° C.) and fluorinated nano prepared as described above After mixing with diamond for 3 minutes at room temperature using a household miller (product name IMF-800DG, manufactured by Iwatani Corporation) so that the fluorinated nanodiamond is 5.00% by mass with respect to PFA Using a Laboplast mill (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd., product number: 100C100), the mixture was kneaded at 350 ° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a sample for measuring physical properties. Table 1 shows melting point and crystallization temperature, spherulite diameter, MIT, tensile strength, and tensile elongation.
- Comparative Example 1 Samples for measuring physical properties were obtained in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3, except that fluorinated nanodiamond was not added to PFA. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the recrystallized average spherulite diameter of PFA containing no fluorinated nanodiamond was 40 ⁇ m, whereas the fluorinated nanodiamond was 0.01% by mass with respect to PFA.
- the average spherulite diameter is refined to 6 ⁇ m or less by adding, and the average spherulite diameter is refined to 2 ⁇ m or less by adding 0.1% by mass of fluorinated nanodiamond to PFA,
- the average spherulite diameter is refined to 1 ⁇ m or less by adding 1% by mass of fluorinated nanodiamond to PFA, and the effect of spherulite refinement by adding fluorinated nanodiamond to PFA is clear. .
- the tensile strength of PFA not containing fluorinated nanodiamond was 25.0 MPa and the MIT value was about 16,000 times, whereas fluorinated nanodiamond was converted to PFA.
- the tensile strength is improved to 26.6 MPa and the MIT value to about 43,000 times, and 0.1% by mass of fluorinated nanodiamond is added to PFA.
- the tensile strength was improved to 26.8 MPa and the MIT value to about 88,000 times.
- the tensile strength was 28.5 MPa and the MIT value was The increase in tensile strength and MIT is apparent by adding fluorinated nanodiamond to PFA.
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Abstract
Description
実施例及び比較例で得られた物性測定用のサンプル3mgを、METTLER TOLEDO社製示差熱量計を用いて、昇温速度10℃/minで350℃まで昇温後、冷却速度10℃/minで200℃まで冷却する過程で生ずる結晶化ピークから結晶化温度を求め、200℃から350℃までの昇温過程で生ずる溶融ピークから融点を求めた。
実施例及び比較例で得られた物性測定用のサンプルから約0.1mmの厚みの試験片を切り出し、顕微鏡ステージ(Linkam Scientific Instruments社製 TST350)に載せて、室温から40℃/minの速度で350℃まで昇温し、350℃に5分間保持した後、10℃/minで200度まで冷却し、更に30℃/minで室温まで冷却した。得られた試験片の表面を偏光顕微鏡(オリンパス社製 BX51)及び走査型電子顕微鏡(日立社製 S-4000)により観察して連続する60個の球晶の直径の平均値を平均球晶径とし、そのなかで最大の球晶径を最大球晶径とし、最小の球晶径を最小球晶径として評価した。
実施例及び比較例で得られた物性測定用のサンプルをホットプレス上の360℃に加熱された金型中で20分間加熱した後、約45kgf/cm2の圧力で3分間加圧し、次いで金型を室温のプレス上に移して約45kgf/cm2に加圧し、15分間放置して冷却する。このようにして作成された厚さ0.20~0.23mmの圧縮成形されたフィルムから長さ約90mm、幅13mmの試験片を切り出した。本明細書におけるMIT値は、ASTM D2176に準拠してMIT式耐屈曲疲労試験機(安田精機製作所社製)を用い、試験片に9.8Nの荷重をかけ、屈曲速度175回/分、屈曲角度135度にて測定を5回行った平均値である。
実施例及び比較例で得られた物性測定用のサンプルをホットプレス上の360℃に加熱された金型中で30分間加熱した後、約25kgf/cm2の圧力で3分間加圧し、次いで金型を室温のプレス上に移して約25kgf/cm2に加圧し、15分間放置して冷却して、シートを得た。本明細書において引張強度および引張伸びの値は、このようにして作成された厚さ2.0mmの圧縮成形されたシートをASTM D3307に準拠して、テンシロン万能試験機(ORIENTIC社製 RTC-1225A)を用いて、チャック間22.5mm、クロスヘッドスピード50mm/minで引張試験を5回行った平均値である。
ナノダイヤモンドとして、爆射法により合成された一次粒子径4~6nm、比表面積250~350m2/g、純度90重量%以上のものを用いた。
上記ナノダイヤモンド10.0gをニッケル製の皿に載せ、ニッケル製反応容器(内容積約2000cm3)に封入した。そして、反応器内部に高純度窒素ガス(純度99.999%)を流速300ml/minにて流通させて、反応器内の空気を十分に置換した。その後、高純度窒素ガスを流通したまま反応器を250℃まで加熱し、反応器内温が安定したところで、高純度フッ素ガス(純度99.5%)と高純度窒素ガスとの混合ガス(フッ素濃度:15容積%以下)を流速300ml/min以下で流通した。フッ素ガス吸蔵に伴う発熱が収束し安定となってから、反応温度の急激な上昇に留意しながら100%まで徐々に上げた。その後、フッ素ガスの流通を中止して反応器の圧力変化を監視し、1時間で0.5kPa以下の圧力変化となったことを確認し、フッ素化の終点とした。反応終了後35℃以下まで放冷してから、高純度窒素ガスを流速300ml/minで30分以上流通させて反応器内部に残存するフッ素ガスを十分に置換したのち反応器を開放し、ニッケル製の皿に付着した分、飛散により反応器内外に散逸した分を除いて質量9.72gの灰白色を呈するフッ素化ナノダイヤモンドを回収し、ガラス製容器内に保存した。
得られたフッ素化ナノダイヤモンドのフッ素含有量は、9.1質量%であった。元素分析の結果、水素、炭素、窒素の含有量は、それぞれ、H:0.32、C:86.49、N:2.56質量%であった。また、XPS測定によると、F/Cは0.20、O/Cは0.1以下であった。
テトラフルオロエチレン/パーフルオロ(アルキルビニルエーテル)共重合体(PFA)粉体(PPVE含量1.5モル%、MFR15.0g/10分、融点304.1℃)と上記のとおり調製されたフッ素化ナノダイヤモンドとを、フッ素化ナノダイヤモンドがPFAに対して1質量%となるように、家庭用ミルサー(岩谷産業社製、商品名IMF-800DG)を使用して、室温で3分間混合した後、ラボプラストミル(東洋精機社製、品番:100C100)を使用して350℃で10分間混練して、マスターバッチを得た。
得られたマスターバッチとPFA粉体とを、フッ素化ナノダイヤモンドがPFAに対して表1に記載した含有量になるように350℃で10分間混練して、物性測定用のサンプルを得た。融点及び結晶化温度、球晶径、MIT、引張強度、引張伸びを表1に示す。
テトラフルオロエチレン/パーフルオロ(アルキルビニルエーテル)共重合体(PFA)粉体(PPVE含量1.5モル%、MFR15.0g/10分、融点304.1℃)と上記のとおり調製されたフッ素化ナノダイヤモンドとを、フッ素化ナノダイヤモンドがPFAに対して2.00質量%となるように、家庭用ミルサー(岩谷産業社製、商品名IMF-800DG)を使用して、室温で3分間混合した後、ラボプラストミル(東洋精機社製、品番:100C100)を使用して350℃で10分間混練して、物性測定用のサンプルを得た。融点及び結晶化温度、球晶径、MIT、引張強度、引張伸びを表1に示す。
テトラフルオロエチレン/パーフルオロ(アルキルビニルエーテル)共重合体(PFA)粉体(PPVE含量1.5モル%、MFR15.0g/10分、融点304.1℃)と上記のとおり調製されたフッ素化ナノダイヤモンドとを、フッ素化ナノダイヤモンドがPFAに対して3.00質量%となるように、家庭用ミルサー(岩谷産業社製、商品名IMF-800DG)を使用して、室温で3分間混合した後、ラボプラストミル(東洋精機社製、品番:100C100)を使用して350℃で10分間混練して、物性測定用のサンプルを得た。融点及び結晶化温度、球晶径、MIT、引張強度、引張伸びを表1に示す。
テトラフルオロエチレン/パーフルオロ(アルキルビニルエーテル)共重合体(PFA)粉体(PPVE含量1.5モル%、MFR15.0g/10分、融点304.1℃)と上記のとおり調製されたフッ素化ナノダイヤモンドとを、フッ素化ナノダイヤモンドがPFAに対して5.00質量%となるように、家庭用ミルサー(岩谷産業社製、商品名IMF-800DG)を使用して、室温で3分間混合した後、ラボプラストミル(東洋精機社製、品番:100C100)を使用して350℃で10分間混練して、物性測定用のサンプルを得た。融点及び結晶化温度、球晶径、MIT、引張強度、引張伸びを表1に示す。
フッ素化ナノダイヤモンドをPFAに添加しなかった他は実施例1~3と同様にして、物性測定用のサンプルを得た。結果を表1に示す。
テトラフルオロエチレン/パーフルオロ(アルキルビニルエーテル)共重合体(PFA)粉体(PPVE含量1.5モル%、MFR15.0g/10分、融点304.1℃)と上記のとおり調製されたフッ素化ナノダイヤモンドとを、フッ素化ナノダイヤモンドがPFAに対して10質量%となるように、家庭用ミルサー(岩谷産業社製、商品名IMF-800DG)を使用して、室温で3分間混合した後、ラボプラストミル(東洋精機社製、品番:100C100)を使用して350℃で10分間混練して、物性測定用のサンプルを得た。結果を表1に示す。
Claims (8)
- フッ素樹脂、及び、フッ素化ナノダイヤモンドを含み、
フッ素化ナノダイヤモンドがフッ素樹脂の0.001~5質量%である
ことを特徴とするフッ素樹脂組成物。 - フッ素樹脂は、溶融加工可能な結晶性のフッ素樹脂である
請求項1記載のフッ素樹脂組成物。 - フッ素樹脂の粉体、及び、フッ素化ナノダイヤモンドの粉体を含む
請求項1又は2記載のフッ素樹脂組成物。 - フッ素樹脂及びフッ素化ナノダイヤモンドをフッ素樹脂の融点以上の温度で混練することにより得られる
請求項1又は2記載のフッ素樹脂組成物。 - 請求項1、2、3又は4記載のフッ素樹脂組成物からなることを特徴とする成形品。
- 再結晶化平均球晶径が15μm以下である請求項5記載の成形品。
- 再結晶化平均球晶径が6μm以下である請求項5記載の成形品。
- 再結晶化平均球晶径が1μm以下である請求項5記載の成形品。
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US9725582B2 (en) | 2017-08-08 |
US20150166772A1 (en) | 2015-06-18 |
JP2014055290A (ja) | 2014-03-27 |
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