WO2014020640A1 - 成形性及び形状凍結性に優れた高強度溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板、並びにその製造方法 - Google Patents
成形性及び形状凍結性に優れた高強度溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板、並びにその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014020640A1 WO2014020640A1 PCT/JP2012/004863 JP2012004863W WO2014020640A1 WO 2014020640 A1 WO2014020640 A1 WO 2014020640A1 JP 2012004863 W JP2012004863 W JP 2012004863W WO 2014020640 A1 WO2014020640 A1 WO 2014020640A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- steel sheet
- galvanized steel
- dip galvanized
- strength hot
- hot
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910001568 polygonal ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 27
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
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- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
- C21D1/20—Isothermal quenching, e.g. bainitic hardening
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- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C21D1/22—Martempering
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/001—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Ni
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12785—Group IIB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12792—Zn-base component
- Y10T428/12799—Next to Fe-base component [e.g., galvanized]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a high-strength hot-dip galvanized steel sheet excellent in formability and shape freezing property suitable for use as a steel sheet for automobiles, and a method for producing the same.
- Patent Document 2 uses a structure composed of ferrite, bainite, and austenite having a low C concentration to obtain a steel sheet having a low YR and excellent shape freezeability.
- stretch flangeability has not been evaluated, and it is difficult to say that it has sufficient workability.
- Patent Document 3 high strength and high ductility are made compatible by utilizing tempered martensite, bainite, and retained austenite, but no mention is made regarding shape freezeability. Further, the stretch flangeability is not necessarily high in absolute value, and there is room for improvement.
- the present invention advantageously solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and is suitable as a material for automobile parts.
- TS Tensile strength
- EL total elongation
- ⁇ hole expansion rate
- ⁇ hole expansion rate
- ⁇ hole expansion rate
- ⁇ yield ratio
- the structure contains ⁇ 20% retained austenite and the average grain size of the prior austenite is 15 ⁇ m or less, both high strength, high formability, and high shape freezing property can be achieved.
- the reason why the shape freezing property is improved by dispersing martensite in the tempered martensite main structure is not necessarily clear, but austenite in contact with the tempered martensite after cooling after plating or plating alloying is martensite. This may be because YR is reduced by introducing mobile dislocations in the tempered martensite after transformation.
- ⁇ is improved by making the prior austenite grains fine is not clear, but the fine grain of the prior austenite grains decreases the average grain size of the microstructure after annealing, and crack propagation during stretch flange processing This is probably because the number of paths increases and the crack connection is suppressed.
- these microstructures were heated from 500 ° C to Ac 1 point at an average heating rate of 5 ° C / s or more to Ac 3 point –20 to 1000 ° C and held for 10 to 1000 seconds, then from 750 ° C to 15 ° C. It is obtained by cooling to a temperature range of Ms point ⁇ 80 ° C. to Ms point ⁇ 30 ° C. at an average cooling rate of at least ° C./s, heating to 350 to 500 ° C., and holding for 10 to 600 seconds.
- the temperature is from 500 ° C. to Ac 1 point.
- Ac 3 points at an average heating rate of 5 ° C / s or more-After heating to a temperature range of 20 ° C to 1000 ° C and holding for 10 to 1000 seconds, Ms point at an average cooling rate of 750 ° C to 15 ° C / s or more- It is characterized by being cooled to a temperature range of 80 ° C to Ms point – 30 ° C, heated to 350 ° C to 500 ° C and held for 10 to 600 seconds, and then hot dip galvanized or further plated alloyed.
- the tensile strength (TS) is 1180 MPa or more
- the total elongation (EL) is 14% or more
- the hole expansion rate ( ⁇ ) is 30% or more
- the yield ratio (YR) is 70% or less.
- a high-strength hot-dip galvanized steel sheet excellent in shape freezing property can be obtained.
- Component composition C 0.10 to 0.35% C is an element necessary for increasing TS by generating a low temperature transformation phase such as martensite and tempered martensite. If the amount of C is less than 0.10%, it is difficult to secure tempered martensite in an area ratio of 30% or more and martensite of 5% or more. On the other hand, when the C content exceeds 0.35%, EL and spot weldability deteriorate. Therefore, the C content is 0.10 to 0.35%, preferably 0.15 to 0.3%.
- Si 0.5-3.0%
- Si is an element effective for improving the TS-EL balance by solid solution strengthening of steel and generating retained austenite. In order to obtain such effects, the Si amount needs to be 0.5% or more. On the other hand, if Si exceeds 3.0%, the EL is lowered and the surface properties and weldability are deteriorated. Therefore, the Si content is 0.5 to 3.0%, preferably 0.9 to 2.0%.
- Mn 1.5-4.0%
- Mn is an element that is effective in strengthening steel and promotes the generation of low-temperature transformation phases such as martensite. In order to obtain such an effect, the Mn content needs to be 1.5% or more. On the other hand, if the amount of Mn exceeds 4.0%, the EL deteriorates significantly and the workability decreases. Therefore, the Mn content is 1.5 to 4.0%, preferably 2.0 to 3.5%.
- P 0.100% or less P is desirably reduced as much as possible because P deteriorates steel by grain boundary segregation and deteriorates weldability. However, the amount of P is 0.100% or less from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost.
- S 0.02% or less Since S exists as inclusions such as MnS and degrades weldability, the amount is preferably reduced as much as possible. However, the amount of S is 0.02% or less from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost.
- Al acts as a deoxidizer and is preferably added in the deoxidation step. In order to obtain such an effect, the Al content needs to be 0.010% or more. On the other hand, if the Al content exceeds 0.5%, the risk of slab cracking during continuous casting increases. Therefore, the Al content is 0.010 to 0.5%.
- the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities, but it can contain one or more of the following elements as needed.
- At least one selected from Cr: 0.005-2.00%, Mo: 0.005-2.00%, V: 0.005-2.00%, Ni: 0.005-2.00%, Cu: 0.005-2.00% Cr, Mo, V, Ni, Cu are It is an effective element for the generation of low-temperature transformation phases such as martensite.
- the content of at least one element selected from Cr, Mo, V, Ni, and Cu needs to be 0.005%.
- the content of each of Cr, Mo, V, Ni, and Cu exceeds 2.00%, the effect is saturated and the cost is increased. Therefore, the contents of Cr, Mo, V, Ni, and Cu are each 0.005 to 2.00%.
- it can further contain at least one selected from Ti: 0.01 to 0.20% and Nb: 0.01 to 0.20%.
- Ti and Nb are effective elements for forming carbonitrides and increasing the strength of steel by precipitation strengthening.
- the Ti and Nb contents must be 0.01% or more.
- the content of Ti and Nb exceeds 0.20%, the effect of increasing the strength is saturated and the EL decreases. Therefore, the Ti and Nb contents are set to 0.01 to 0.20%.
- B 0.0005 to 0.0050% can be contained.
- B is an element effective in suppressing the formation of ferrite from austenite grain boundaries and generating a low-temperature transformation phase.
- the B amount needs to be 0.0005% or more.
- the amount of B exceeds 0.0050%, the effect is saturated and the cost is increased. Therefore, the B content is 0.0005 to 0.0050%.
- it may further contain at least one selected from Ca: 0.001 to 0.005% and REM: 0.001 to 0.005%.
- Ca and REM are effective elements for improving workability by controlling the morphology of sulfides.
- the content of at least one element selected from Ca and REM needs to be 0.001% or more.
- the content of each of Ca and REM exceeds 0.005%, the cleanliness of the steel is adversely affected and desired characteristics may not be obtained. Therefore, the content of Ca and REM is set to 0.001 to 0.005%.
- Microstructure Area ratio of polygonal ferrite 0 to 5% If the area ratio of polygonal ferrite exceeds 5%, it becomes difficult to achieve both TS1180MPa or more and hole expansion ratio of 30% or more. Therefore, the area ratio of polygonal ferrite is set to 0 to 5%.
- Bainitic ferrite area ratio 5% or more
- the bainite transformation is effective in securing retained austenite effective for increasing EL by concentrating C in austenite and stabilizing austenite.
- the area ratio of bainitic ferrite needs to be 5% or more.
- the area ratio of bainitic ferrite is preferably 5 to 60%.
- Martensite area ratio 5-20% Martensite is effective in improving TS. It is also effective in reducing YR. In order to obtain such an effect, the area ratio of martensite is required to be 5% or more. On the other hand, when it exceeds 20%, the decrease in EL and hole expansion rate becomes remarkable. Therefore, the area ratio of martensite is 5 to 20%.
- Tempered martensite area ratio 30-60% If the area ratio of tempered martensite is less than 30%, it becomes difficult to achieve both TS1180MPa or more and hole expansion ratio of 30% or more. On the other hand, if the area ratio exceeds 60%, the increase in YR becomes remarkable and the shape freezing property decreases. Therefore, the area ratio of tempered martensite is 30 to 60%.
- the tempered martensite in the present invention has a Vickers hardness of 250 or more.
- Area ratio of retained austenite 5-20% Residual austenite is effective in improving EL. In order to obtain such an effect, the area ratio of retained austenite needs to be 5% or more. However, when the area ratio exceeds 20%, the hole expansion rate is significantly reduced. Therefore, the area ratio of retained austenite is 5 to 20%.
- the average grain size of prior austenite is 15 ⁇ m or less Refinement of prior austenite grains is effective in improving ⁇ . In order to obtain such an effect, it is necessary to make the average grain size of prior austenite 15 ⁇ m or less. Therefore, the average particle size of the prior austenite is set to 15 ⁇ m or less.
- the lower limit is not particularly defined, but is preferably 5 ⁇ m or more because YR may increase if it is excessively small.
- pearlite may be included as a phase other than polygonal ferrite, bainitic ferrite, martensite, tempered martensite, and retained austenite, but the object of the present invention is achieved as long as the above microstructure conditions are satisfied. Is done.
- the area ratio of polygonal ferrite, bainitic ferrite, martensite, and tempered martensite is the ratio of the area of each phase in the observed area.
- Polygonal ferrite, martensite, bainitic ferrite, The area ratio of tempered martensite was determined by the method shown below. After the plate thickness section of the steel plate was polished, it was corroded with 3% nital, and the 1/4 position of the plate thickness was photographed with a SEM (scanning electron microscope) at a magnification of 1500 times, and this was image-produced by Media Cybernetics.
- the target tissue of each visual field was painted using Pro, the area ratio of the target tissue in the visual field was determined, and the average of the area ratios of each visual field was defined as the area ratio of the target tissue.
- the area ratio of retained austenite the surface of the steel plate was polished to a thickness of 1/4 position and then further polished by 0.1 mm by chemical polishing. Measure the integrated strength of the (200), (220), (311) plane and the (200), (211), (220) plane of bcc iron, determine the percentage of retained austenite from this, and use this ratio as the area ratio of retained austenite It was.
- the average grain size of the prior austenite was corroded with 3% nital after polishing the thickness section of the steel sheet, and the 1/4 position of the thickness was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at a magnification of 1500 times.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- the total area of the structures surrounded by the prior austenite grain boundaries in the field of view was divided by the number to determine the average area, and the 1/2 power was taken as the average grain size.
- the high-strength hot-dip galvanized steel sheet of the present invention is manufactured as follows. First, the slab having the above component composition is subjected to hot rolling, pickling, or further cold rolling. Then, with continuous annealing, heat from 500 ° C to Ac 1 point at an average heating rate of 5 ° C / s or more in the temperature range of Ac 3 point –20 ° C to 1000 ° C and hold for 10 to 1000 seconds, then 750 ° C To a temperature range of Ms point –80 ° C to Ms point –30 ° C with an average cooling rate of 15 ° C / s or more. Further, the steel sheet is heated to 350 ° C. to 500 ° C. and held for 10 to 600 seconds, and then hot dip galvanized or subjected to a plating alloying process. This will be described in detail below.
- the coiling temperature after hot rolling exceeds 650 ° C., black spots are generated and the plating property is lowered.
- the coiling temperature after hot rolling is less than 400 ° C., the shape of the hot rolled sheet deteriorates. Therefore, the coiling temperature after hot rolling is preferably 400 to 650 ° C.
- the hot-rolled sheet is preferably pickled to remove the scale of the hot-rolled sheet surface layer.
- the pickling step is not particularly limited, and may be a conventional method. If necessary, the hot-rolled sheet after pickling is cold-rolled. A cold rolling process is not specifically limited, A conventional method may be sufficient.
- the hot-rolled sheet after pickling or the cold-rolled sheet after cold rolling is continuously annealed under the following conditions.
- Average heating rate from 500 ° C to Ac 1 point 5 ° C / s or more If the average heating rate from 500 ° C to Ac 1 point is less than 5 ° C / s, the austenite becomes coarse due to recrystallization, and the microstructure of the present invention becomes I can't get it. Therefore, the average heating rate from 500 ° C. to Ac 1 point is set to 5 ° C./s or more.
- the soaking temperature is set to Ac 3 point -20 ° C to 1000 ° C. If the soaking time is less than 10 seconds, austenite is not sufficiently generated, and the microstructure of the present invention cannot be obtained. In addition, if the soaking time exceeds 1000 seconds, the cost increases. Therefore, the soaking time is 10 to 1000 seconds.
- Cooling stop temperature Ms point –80 ° C to Ms point –30 ° C
- a part of austenite is transformed into martensite, and during subsequent reheating or plating alloying, martensite becomes tempered martensite, and untransformed austenite becomes residual austenite, martensite or bainite.
- the amount of tempered martensite becomes insufficient when the temperature reached by cooling exceeds the Ms point ⁇ 30 ° C., and the amount of untransformed austenite is remarkably reduced and the tempered martensite increases when the Ms point is less than ⁇ 80 ° C. A microstructure cannot be obtained. Therefore, the temperature at which the cooling reaches is Ms point -80 ° C to Ms point -30 ° C.
- Reheating temperature 350-500 ° C
- reheating to a temperature range of 350 to 500 ° C causes the martensite produced during cooling to be tempered to become tempered martensite, and C enrichment proceeds to untransformed austenite, resulting in residual austenite.
- bainite transformation proceeds, C diffuses from bainitic ferrite and further stabilizes untransformed austenite. If the reheating temperature is less than 350 ° C., the bainite transformation that progresses becomes bainite containing carbide, so that C does not concentrate much in the untransformed austenite, and the stability as retained austenite becomes insufficient.
- the reheating temperature is 350 to 500 ° C.
- the temperature is preferably 380 to 480 ° C.
- Holding time at reheating temperature 10 to 600 seconds If the holding time is less than 10 seconds, the formation of bainite becomes insufficient, and if it exceeds 600 seconds, untransformed austenite tends to generate carbide or pearlite, The microstructure of the present invention cannot be obtained. Therefore, the holding time is 10 to 600 seconds.
- the hot dip galvanizing treatment is preferably performed by immersing the steel plate obtained as described above in a galvanizing bath at 440 ° C. or higher and 500 ° C. or lower, and then adjusting the plating adhesion amount by gas wiping or the like. Further, when alloying the galvanizing, it is preferable to keep the alloy in the temperature range of 460 ° C. to 550 ° C. for 1 second to 40 seconds. For the galvanization, it is preferable to use a galvanizing bath having an Al content of 0.08 to 0.18%.
- the steel sheet after the hot dip galvanizing alloying treatment can be subjected to temper rolling for the purpose of shape correction, adjustment of surface roughness, and the like.
- various coating processes such as resin and oil-fat coating, can also be given.
- the slab is preferably produced by a continuous casting method in order to prevent macro segregation, but can also be produced by an ingot-making method or a thin slab casting method.
- To hot-roll the slab the slab may be cooled to room temperature and then re-heated for hot rolling, or the slab may be charged in a heating furnace without being cooled to room temperature. Can also be done. Alternatively, an energy saving process in which hot rolling is performed immediately after performing a slight heat retention can also be applied.
- it is preferable to heat to 1100 ° C. or higher in order to dissolve carbides and prevent an increase in rolling load.
- the heating temperature of the slab is preferably 1300 ° C. or lower.
- the rough bar after rough rolling can be heated from the viewpoint of preventing troubles during rolling even if the heating temperature of the slab is lowered.
- a continuous rolling process which joins rough bars and performs finish rolling continuously can be applied.
- finish rolling may increase anisotropy and reduce workability after cold rolling / annealing, it is preferably performed at a finishing temperature equal to or higher than the Ar 3 transformation point.
- the steel sheet after winding is removed by pickling or the like, and then the hot-rolled sheet is annealed under the above-mentioned conditions, or the hot-rolled sheet is cold-rolled and then annealed under the above-mentioned conditions. Applied.
- the cold rolling reduction it is preferable that the cold rolling reduction be 40% or more.
- the steel plate after winding can also be hot-rolled sheet annealed.
- a part of the steel sheet hot-rolled to a thickness of 2.3 mm and pickled was subjected to annealing as it was.
- Annealing is performed on a continuous hot dip galvanizing line under the conditions shown in Tables 2 and 3 and immersed in a plating bath at 460 ° C to form a coating with an adhesion amount of 35 to 45 g / m 2 at a cooling rate of 10 ° C / s. Cooled and galvanized steel sheets 1 to 29 were produced.
- a plating alloying treatment was further performed at 525 ° C., and cooling was performed at a cooling rate of 10 ° C./s to prepare an alloyed hot-dip galvanized steel sheet.
- the area ratio of polygonal ferrite, bainitic ferrite, martensite, tempered martensite, the area ratio of retained austenite, and the average particle diameter of prior austenite were measured by the above-described methods.
- a JIS No. 5 tensile test piece was taken in a direction perpendicular to the rolling direction, and a tensile test was performed at a strain rate of 10 ⁇ 3 .
- a 150mm x 150mm test piece was taken and the hole expansion test was performed three times in accordance with JFST 1001 (Japan Iron and Steel Federation Standard, 2008) to obtain the average hole expansion rate (%), and stretch flangeability was determined. evaluated. The results are shown in Tables 4 and 5.
- YR was 70% or less, and it was confirmed that it had high shape freezing property.
- TS was 1180 MPa or more
- EL was 14% or more
- ⁇ was 30% or more, and it was confirmed that it had high strength and moldability. Therefore, according to the example of the present invention, a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet having excellent shape freezing property is obtained, which contributes to reducing the weight of the automobile and greatly improving the performance of the automobile body.
- the tensile strength (TS) is 1180 MPa or more
- the total elongation (EL) is 14% or more
- the hole expansion rate ( ⁇ ) is 30% or more
- the yield ratio (YR) is 70% or less.
- a high-strength hot-dip galvanized steel sheet excellent in shape freezing property can be obtained.
- the high-strength hot-dip galvanized steel sheet of the present invention is used for automotive parts, it contributes to reducing the weight of an automobile and greatly contributes to improving the performance of an automobile body.
Abstract
Description
C:0.10~0.35%
Cは、マルテンサイトや焼戻しマルテンサイトなどの低温変態相を生成させてTSを上昇させるために必要な元素である。C量が0.10%未満では、焼戻しマルテンサイトを面積率で30%以上かつマルテンサイトを5%以上確保することは難しい。一方、C量が0.35%を超えると、ELやスポット溶接性が劣化する。したがって、C量は0.10~0.35%、好ましくは0.15~0.3%とする。
Siは、鋼を固溶強化してTS-ELバランスを向上させたり、残留オーステナイトを生成させるのに有効な元素である。こうした効果を得るには、Si量を0.5%以上にする必要がある。一方、Siが3.0%を超えると、ELの低下や表面性状、溶接性の劣化を招く。したがって、Si量は0.5~3.0%、好ましくは0.9~2.0%とする。
Mnは、鋼の強化に有効であり、マルテンサイトなどの低温変態相の生成を促進する元素である。こうした効果を得るには、Mn量を1.5%以上にする必要がある。一方、Mn量が4.0%を超えると、ELの劣化が著しくなり、加工性が低下する。したがって、Mn量は1.5~4.0%、好ましくは2.0~3.5%とする。
Pは、粒界偏析により鋼を劣化させ、溶接性を劣化させるため、その量は極力低減することが望ましい。しかし、製造コストの面などからP量は0.100%以下とする。
Sは、MnSなどの介在物として存在して、溶接性を劣化させるため、その量は極力低減することが好ましい。しかし、製造コストの面からS量は0.02%以下とする。
Alは、脱酸剤として作用し、脱酸工程で添加することが好ましい。こうした効果を得るには、Al量を0.010%以上にする必要がある。一方、Al量が0.5%を超えると、連続鋳造時のスラブ割れの危険性が高まる。したがって、Al量は0.010~0.5%とする。
Cr、Mo、V、Ni、Cuはマルテンサイトなどの低温変態相の生成に有効な元素である。こうした効果を得るには、Cr、Mo、V、Ni、Cuから選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素の含有量を0.005%にする必要がある。一方、Cr、Mo、V、Ni、Cuのそれぞれの含有量が2.00%を超えると、その効果が飽和し、コストアップを招く。したがって、Cr、Mo、V、Ni、Cuの含有量はそれぞれ0.005~2.00%とする。
ポリゴナルフェライトの面積率:0~5%
ポリゴナルフェライトの面積率が5%を超えると、TS1180MPa以上と穴拡げ率30%以上の両立が困難になる。したがって、ポリゴナルフェライトの面積率は0~5%とする。
ベイナイト変態はオーステナイトにCを濃化させ、オーステナイトを安定化することでEL上昇に有効な残留オーステナイトを確保するのに有効である。この効果を得るには、ベイニティックフェライトの面積率を5%以上にする必要がある。一方、その面積率が60%を超えると所望のマルテンサイトおよび残留オーステナイトを得ることが困難になるので、好ましくは、ベイニティックフェライトの面積率は5~60%とする。
マルテンサイトはTSの向上に有効である。また、YRを低下させるのに有効である。
こうした効果を得るにはマルテンサイトの面積率が5%以上必要である。一方、20%を超えるとELや穴拡げ率の低下が顕著になる。したがって、マルテンサイトの面積率は5~20%とする。
焼戻しマルテンサイトの面積率が30%未満になると、TS1180MPa以上と穴拡げ率30%以上の両立が困難になる。一方、その面積率が60%を超えると、YRの上昇が顕著になり形状凍結性が低下する。したがって、焼戻しマルテンサイトの面積率は30~60%とする。なお、本発明における焼戻しマルテンサイトはビッカース硬さで250以上である。
残留オーステナイトは、ELの向上に有効である。このような効果を得るには、残留オーステナイトの面積率を5%以上にする必要がある。しかしながら、その面積率が20%を超えると、穴拡げ率の低下が顕著になる。したがって、残留オーステナイトの面積率は5~20%とする。
旧オーステナイト粒の微細化はλの向上に有効である。このような効果を得るには旧オーステナイトの平均粒径を15μm以下にする必要がある。したがって、旧オーステナイトの平均粒径は15μm以下とする。下限は特に規定しないが、過度に小さくなるとYRが上昇する可能性があるため5μm以上が好ましい。
本発明の高強度溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板は以下のように製造する。まず、上記の成分組成を有するスラブに、熱間圧延、酸洗を施し、またはさらに冷間圧延を施す。そして、連続焼鈍で、500℃~Ac1点までを5℃/s以上の平均加熱速度で、Ac3点-20℃~1000℃の温度域に加熱し10~1000秒保持した後、750℃から15℃/s以上の平均冷却速度でMs点-80℃~Ms点-30℃の温度域まで冷却する。さらに、鋼板を350℃~500℃に加熱し10~600秒保持した後、溶融亜鉛めっきを施し、またはさらにめっき合金化処理を行う。以下、詳しく説明する。
500℃~Ac1点までの平均加熱速度が5℃/s未満では再結晶によりオーステナイトが粗大化して、本発明のミクロ組織が得られない。したがって、500℃~Ac1点までの平均加熱速度を5℃/s以上とする。
均熱保持温度がAc3点-20℃未満ではオーステナイトの生成が不十分となり、本発明のミクロ組織が得られない。一方、均熱保持温度が1000℃を超えると、オーステナイトが粗大化し、焼鈍後の構成相が粗大化して靱性などを低下させる。したがって、均熱保持温度はAc3点-20℃~1000℃とする。均熱保持時間が10秒未満ではオーステナイトの生成が不十分となり、本発明のミクロ組織が得られない。また、均熱保持時間が1000秒を超えるとコストアップを招く。したがって、均熱保持時間は10~1000秒とする。
750℃からMs点-80℃~Ms点-30℃の温度域までの平均冷却速度が15℃/s未満では冷却中に多量のフェライトが生成し、本発明のミクロ組織が得られない。したがって平均冷却速度を15℃/s以上とする。
冷却到達温度まで冷却すると、オーステナイトの一部がマルテンサイトに変態し、その後の再加熱時やめっき合金化処理時に、マルテンサイトは焼戻しマルテンサイトに、未変態オーステナイトは残留オーステナイトあるいはマルテンサイトやベイナイトになる。このとき、冷却到達温度がMs点-30℃を超えると焼戻しマルテンサイト量が不十分となり、Ms点-80℃未満では未変態オーステナイトが著しく減少し、また焼戻しマルテンサイトが増加するため本発明のミクロ組織が得られない。したがって、冷却到達温度はMs点-80℃~Ms点-30℃とする。
冷却到達温度まで冷却後、350~500℃の温度域に再加熱すると、冷却時に生成したマルテンサイトが焼き戻され、焼戻しマルテンサイトとなり、また、未変態オーステナイトにC濃化が進行し、残留オーステナイトとして安定化する。また、ベイナイト変態が進行し、ベイニティックフェライトよりCが拡散して未変態オーステナイトをさらに安定化させる。再加熱温度350℃未満では進行するベイナイト変態が炭化物を含むベイナイトとなるため未変態オーステナイトにあまりCが濃化せず、残留オーステナイトとしての安定性が不十分になる。一方、500℃を超えると未変態オーステナイトが炭化物を生成あるいはパーライト変態しやすくなり、本発明のミクロ組織が得られない。したがって、再加熱温度は350~500℃とする。好ましくは380~480℃である。
保持時間が10秒未満では、ベイナイトの生成が不十分になり、また、600秒を超えると未変態オーステナイトが炭化物を生成あるいはパーライト変態しやすくなり、本発明のミクロ組織が得られない。したがって保持時間は10~600秒とする。
Claims (7)
- 質量%で、C:0.10~0.35%、Si:0.5~3.0%、Mn:1.5~4.0%、P:0.100%以下、S:0.02%以下、Al:0.010~0.5%を含み、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる成分組成を有し、かつミクロ組織は、面積率で0~5%のポリゴナルフェライト、5%以上のベイニティックフェライト、5~20%のマルテンサイト、30~60%の焼き戻しマルテンサイトと、5~20%の残留オーステナイトを含み、かつ旧オーステナイトの平均粒径が15μm以下であることを特徴とする成形性及び形状凍結性に優れた高強度溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板。
- さらに、質量%で、Cr:0.005~2.00%、Mo:0.005~2.00%、V:0.005~2.00%、Ni:0.005~2.00%、Cu:0.005~2.00%から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素を含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の成形性及び形状凍結性に優れた高強度溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板。
- さらに、質量%で、Ti:0.01~0.20%、Nb:0.01~0.20%から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素を含有することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の成形性及び形状凍結性に優れた高強度溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板。
- さらに、質量%で、B:0.0005~0.0050%を含有することを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の成形性及び形状凍結性に優れた高強度溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板。
- さらに、質量%で、Ca:0.001~0.005%、REM:0.001~0.005%から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素を含有することを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の成形性及び形状凍結性に優れた高強度溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板。
- 亜鉛めっきが合金化亜鉛めっきであることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の成形性及び形状凍結性に優れた高強度溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板。
- 請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の成分組成を有するスラブを、熱間圧延し、またはさらに冷間圧延し、その後連続焼鈍を施すに際し、500℃~Ac1点までを5℃/s以上の平均加熱速度で、Ac3点-20℃~1000℃の温度域に加熱し10~1000秒保持した後、750℃から15℃/s以上の平均冷却速度でMs点-80℃~Ms点-30℃の温度域まで冷却した後、350℃~500℃に加熱し10~600秒保持した後、溶融亜鉛めっきを施し、またはさらにめっき合金化処理を行うことを特徴とする成形性及び形状凍結性に優れた高強度溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板の製造方法。
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- 2012-07-31 KR KR1020157003041A patent/KR20150029736A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-07-31 US US14/416,931 patent/US20150203947A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-07-31 WO PCT/JP2012/004863 patent/WO2014020640A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2012-07-31 EP EP12882412.5A patent/EP2881481B1/en active Active
- 2012-07-31 CN CN201280075009.8A patent/CN104508163B/zh active Active
- 2012-07-31 IN IN11262DEN2014 patent/IN2014DN11262A/en unknown
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20150203947A1 (en) | 2015-07-23 |
EP2881481B1 (en) | 2019-04-03 |
CN104508163B (zh) | 2016-11-16 |
CN104508163A (zh) | 2015-04-08 |
KR20150029736A (ko) | 2015-03-18 |
EP2881481A4 (en) | 2016-02-24 |
IN2014DN11262A (ja) | 2015-10-09 |
EP2881481A1 (en) | 2015-06-10 |
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