WO2013187259A1 - レーザ加工装置 - Google Patents
レーザ加工装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013187259A1 WO2013187259A1 PCT/JP2013/065214 JP2013065214W WO2013187259A1 WO 2013187259 A1 WO2013187259 A1 WO 2013187259A1 JP 2013065214 W JP2013065214 W JP 2013065214W WO 2013187259 A1 WO2013187259 A1 WO 2013187259A1
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- mirror
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- beam expander
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0025—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration
- G02B27/0031—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration for scanning purposes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/12—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
- B01J19/121—Coherent waves, e.g. laser beams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/04—Automatically aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam, e.g. using the back-scattered light
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
- B23K26/0643—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms comprising mirrors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
- B23K26/0648—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms comprising lenses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/0869—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction
- B23K26/0892—Controlling the laser beam travel length
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laser processing apparatus for processing a workpiece by condensing and irradiating laser light emitted from a laser oscillator.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram schematically showing an optical path configuration of a conventional laser processing apparatus described in Patent Document 1.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram schematically showing an optical path configuration of a conventional laser processing apparatus described in Patent Document 1.
- the reflective beam expander mechanism 106 includes a folding mirror 68 to which the laser beam L from the laser oscillator 1 is incident, a spherical convex mirror 63 to which the laser beam L reflected by the folding mirror 68 is incident, and a spherical convex mirror 63. And a spherical concave mirror 65 on which the laser beam L reflected by the laser beam L is incident.
- astigmatism corresponding to an incident angle occurs in reflected light from spherical mirrors such as the spherical convex mirror 63 and the spherical concave mirror 65.
- spherical mirrors such as the spherical convex mirror 63 and the spherical concave mirror 65.
- the laser processing apparatus when astigmatism occurs in the laser light L, the light condensing performance is lowered and the beam shape anisotropy occurs at the processing point.
- the reflection for expanding and collimating the laser beam L in order to maintain an appropriate focused diameter at the processing point of the workpiece is provided in the optical path.
- the incident angle with respect to the spherical mirror is set to suppress astigmatism. It is necessary to limit to an acute angle.
- the angle of incidence of the laser beam L on each spherical mirror (spherical convex mirror 63, spherical concave mirror 65) is set to an acute angle by the folding mirror 68 in the reflective beam expander mechanism 106. Restricted.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and uses a reflective beam expander mechanism whose optical path configuration is not particularly complicated. It is an object to obtain a laser processing apparatus capable of irradiating a workpiece with laser light having a desired beam diameter.
- a laser processing apparatus includes a laser oscillator that emits laser light, a processing table on which a workpiece is placed, a transmission optical system that transmits the laser light emitted from the laser oscillator to the processing table, and a transmission A laser comprising: a processing head for condensing and irradiating a workpiece with laser light transmitted via an optical system; and a moving means for changing the relative position between the laser beam irradiated on the workpiece and the workpiece.
- the transmission optical system includes a reflective beam expander mechanism that collimates and expands laser light from a laser oscillator, and a spherical variable curvature mirror.
- the reflective beam expander mechanism is a spherical mirror.
- the beam divergence angle can be obtained without using a transmission optical system having a particularly complicated configuration by using mirrors having different curvatures of two orthogonal axes. Can be sufficiently suppressed, and the workpiece can be irradiated with laser light having no aberration and a desired beam diameter.
- FIG. 1 is a block configuration diagram schematically showing an optical path configuration of a laser processing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- a laser processing apparatus includes a laser oscillator 1 that emits laser light L, a processing table 2 on which a workpiece (not shown) is placed, and a reflective beam.
- a transmission optical system including an expander mechanism 6 and a folding mirror 8 and a processing head 4 that irradiates a workpiece with laser light L via the transmission optical system are provided.
- the laser beam L emitted from the laser oscillator 1 is collimated and enlarged by a reflective beam expander mechanism 6 installed in the transmission optical system, and then guided to the machining head 4 by a folding mirror 8 to be processed. After being focused by a processing lens (not shown) in 4, the workpiece on the processing table 2 is irradiated.
- the processing table 2 and the processing head 4 are provided with moving means 5 for moving each in the horizontal direction within the range from the solid line position to the broken line positions 2 ′ and 4 ′.
- the moving means 5 moves the machining table 2 in the X-axis (dotted arrow) direction and moves the machining head 4 in the Y-axis (dotted arrow) direction under the control of the control means (not shown).
- the relative position between the laser beam L and the workpiece is changed to enable processing to a desired processing target position.
- moving means 5 for changing the relative position between the processing table 2 and the processing head 4 is used. It is also possible to use a moving means for driving only.
- the reflective beam expander mechanism 6 has at least one mirror having different curvatures of two orthogonal axes.
- the reflective beam expander mechanism 6 includes a spherical convex mirror 63 that reflects the laser light L from the laser oscillator 1 and a concave mirror 62 that has different two orthogonal axes of curvature.
- the concave mirror 62 has different curvatures with respect to two orthogonal axes, and further reflects the laser light L reflected by the spherical convex mirror 63 to enter the folding mirror 8 on the processing table 2 side.
- the concave mirror 62 and the spherical convex mirror 63 with different orthogonal biaxial curvatures are used, but the convex mirror with different orthogonal biaxial curvatures and spherical surfaces are used.
- a concave mirror may be used.
- the arrangement order of the concave mirror 62 and the spherical convex mirror 63 is not limited to the configuration of FIG. 1, and the mirror arrangement order may be reversed.
- the simplest reflection type beam expander mechanism that collimates and enlarges the beam diameter of the laser beam L may be a spherical convex mirror and a spherical concave mirror. As described above, the reflection by the spherical mirror is considered. Astigmatism corresponding to the incident angle is generated in the light, and the processing quality is greatly deteriorated due to the anisotropy of the beam shape due to the astigmatism and the reduction of the light collecting property.
- the reflective beam expander mechanism 6 uses the concave mirror 62 having different two-axis curvatures orthogonal to each other, and the biaxial curvature by the concave mirror 62 causes an aberration in the reflected light. It is designed not to occur.
- the concave mirror 62 is handled as a folding mirror, not only limiting the incident angle to the spherical convex mirror 63 but also astigmatism. Without generation, the beam diameter can be enlarged and collimated.
- the transmission optical system includes a reflective beam expander mechanism 6 that collimates and expands the laser light L from the laser oscillator 1, and the reflective beam expander mechanism 6 includes mirrors having different curvatures of two orthogonal axes. Including.
- the reflective beam expander mechanism 6 includes a spherical convex mirror 63 and a concave mirror 62 having different two-axis curvatures orthogonal to each other.
- the reflective beam expander mechanism 6 includes a spherical concave mirror and a convex mirror having different orthogonal biaxial curvatures.
- the reflection type beam expander mechanism 6 that expands and collimates the laser beam L uses a mirror with different curvatures of two orthogonal axes that are designed to have a curvature so as to suppress the occurrence of aberration during reflection.
- the reflection type beam expander mechanism 6 whose optical path configuration is not particularly complicated, it is possible to sufficiently suppress the beam divergence angle and to irradiate the workpiece with the laser beam L having no aberration and a desired beam diameter. it can.
- the incident angle of the laser beam L with respect to the mirrors having different orthogonal biaxial curvatures is not limited, the degree of freedom in designing the optical path is increased and the optical system is simplified.
- the folding mirror 68 for limiting the incident angle with respect to the spherical mirror as in the conventional apparatus (FIG. 7) can be removed, and the optical structure in the transmission optical system can be reduced and the optical structure can be simplified. The influence of the thermal lens effect of the optical element is also reduced, and stable processing can be performed for a long time.
- Embodiment 2 FIG.
- the reflective beam expander mechanism 6 including the concave mirror 62 and the spherical convex mirror 63 having different two-axis orthogonal curvatures is used, but as shown in FIG.
- a reflective beam expander mechanism 6A including a convex mirror 61 having different orthogonal biaxial curvatures and a concave mirror 62 having different orthogonal biaxial curvatures may be used.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram schematically showing the optical path configuration of the laser machining apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the same reference numerals as those described above are used for the same components as those described above (see FIGS. 1 and 2). A detailed description will be omitted.
- the machining head 4 on the machining table 2A is provided with moving means 5A for moving the machining head 4 in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction within the range from the solid line position to the broken line position 4 ′.
- moving means 5A for moving the machining head 4 in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction within the range from the solid line position to the broken line position 4 ′.
- a constant optical path length mechanism 7 is inserted between the reflective beam expander mechanism 6A and the folding mirror 8 on the processing table 2A side.
- the processing table 2A is larger than the processing table 2 described above and has a wider processing area, and it is not efficient to drive the processing table 2A.
- the relative position to the workpiece is changed only by driving the machining head 4.
- the folding mirror 28 is also moved within the range from the solid line position to the broken line position 28 '.
- an optical path length constant mechanism 7 is provided for canceling the fluctuation of the optical path length and compensating for the fluctuation.
- the constant optical path length mechanism 7 includes a mirror group 78 composed of a plurality of mirrors so that the traveling directions of incident light and outgoing light are opposite to each other and parallel to each other.
- the optical path length constant mechanism 7 includes a moving mechanism 79 that translates the mirror group 78 within the range from the solid line position to the broken line position 78 ′.
- the condensing diameter of the laser beam L irradiated onto the workpiece on the processing table 2A is ideally the optical path length. It becomes invariant to change. However, strictly speaking, since it is impossible to completely suppress the divergence angle, it is impossible to completely avoid the change in the condensed light diameter with the increase in the optical path length.
- the moving mechanism 79 cancels the change in the relative position between the laser beam L irradiated to the workpiece and the workpiece, and the optical path length of the laser beam L irradiated to the workpiece is kept constant.
- the mirror group 78 is moved in parallel with the traveling direction of the incident light and the outgoing light.
- Embodiment 4 FIG.
- the reflective beam expander mechanism 6A including the convex mirror 61 with different orthogonal biaxial curvatures and the concave mirror 62 with different orthogonal biaxial curvatures is used.
- a reflective beam expander mechanism 6B comprising a concave mirror 62, a spherical convex mirror 63, a spherical variable curvature mirror 67, and a folding mirror 68 having different two-axis orthogonal curvatures is used. Also good.
- a reflective beam expander mechanism 6B includes a spherical variable curvature mirror 67 and a spherical variable curvature mirror 67 that reflect the laser light L from the laser oscillator 1 as a transmission optical system.
- a folding mirror 68 that reflects the reflected laser light L, and a convex mirror 61 and a concave mirror 62 that reflect the laser light L reflected by the folding mirror 68 are provided.
- the convex mirror 61 and the concave mirror 62 are different in the curvature of two orthogonal axes.
- the condensing diameter of the laser light L at the processing point on the workpiece is constant, but as shown in FIG. 4, a reflective beam expander mechanism is used.
- the condensing diameter of the laser light can be changed.
- high-speed machining can be performed by appropriately changing the condensing diameter during processing as compared with a case where the condensing diameter is constant. Also, when processing corners, heat tends to accumulate on the workpiece, and the cut surface may be rough. However, the laser beam irradiation range is changed by changing the condensing diameter during processing. By doing so, high quality and high precision processing becomes possible.
- the transmission optical system according to Embodiment 4 (FIG. 4) of the present invention includes the spherical variable curvature mirror 67, and changes the condensing diameter of the laser light L irradiated to the workpiece. Therefore, it is possible to realize high speed processing and high quality.
- FIG. 5 In the fourth embodiment (FIG. 4), the reflective beam expander mechanism 6B having the folding mirror 68 is used. However, as shown in FIG. 5, the reflective beam expander mechanism 6C that does not require the folding mirror 68. May be used.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram schematically showing the main part of the laser machining apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. Components similar to those described above (see FIG. 4) are denoted by the same reference numerals as those described above. Detailed description is omitted.
- the spherical convex mirror 63 and the spherical variable curvature mirror 67 are disposed substantially opposite to each other so that the incident laser light L is emitted in the opposite direction.
- the concave mirror 62 reflects the laser light L reflected by the spherical variable curvature mirror 67 and guides it to the optical path length constant mechanism 7 side.
- the reflection type beam expander mechanism 6B described above requires the folding mirror 68 for limiting the incident angle with respect to the spherical variable curvature mirror 67 in order to suppress astigmatism.
- the spherical convex mirror 63 is disposed on the incident side of the spherical variable curvature mirror 67, and the spherical variable curvature mirror 67 and the spherical convex mirror 63 are disposed to face each other. can do.
- the folding mirror 68 is not required, the incident angle of the laser light L with respect to the spherical variable curvature mirror 67 and the spherical convex mirror 63, the astigmatism becomes the processing quality. It can be limited to a range that does not affect.
- the reflective beam expander mechanism 6C includes the spherical variable curvature mirror 67 and the spherical convex mirror 63 (spherical mirror), and includes the spherical variable curvature mirror 67.
- the spherical variable curvature mirror 67 and the spherical convex mirror 63 are disposed opposite to the spherical convex mirror 63 in the reflective beam expander mechanism 6C.
- the processing accuracy is improved in the same manner as described above, and the spherical convex mirror 63 and the spherical variable curvature mirror 67 are arranged face to face to limit the incident angle of the laser light L to each mirror to an acute angle. Since the folding mirror 68 is not required, the optical path can be simplified and the processing can be stabilized by reducing the thermal lens effect.
- Embodiment 6 FIG.
- the reflective beam expander mechanism 6C having the concave mirror 62 and the spherical variable curvature mirror 67 having different curvatures of two orthogonal axes is used, but as shown in FIG.
- a reflective beam expander mechanism 6D having a variable curvature mirror 64 that can change the curvatures of two orthogonal axes may be used.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram schematically showing the main part of the laser machining apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. Components similar to those described above (see FIG. 5) are denoted by the same reference numerals as those described above. Detailed description is omitted.
- a reflection type beam expander mechanism 6D according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention has a spherical convex mirror 63 that reflects the laser light L from the laser oscillator 1 as a transmission optical system, and curvatures of two orthogonal axes. And a variable curvature mirror 64 that can be changed.
- variable curvature mirror 64 capable of changing the orthogonal two-axis curvature substitutes both the functions of the concave mirror 62 and the spherical variable curvature mirror 67 described above (FIG. 5), which have different two-axis curvatures.
- the laser beam L reflected by the spherical convex mirror 63 is reflected and guided to the optical path length constant mechanism 7 side.
- the reflective beam expander mechanism 6D according to Embodiment 6 (FIG. 6) of the present invention includes the variable curvature mirror 64 that can change the curvatures of two orthogonal axes.
- the variable curvature mirror 64 that can change the curvatures of two orthogonal axes.
- the mirror adjustment mechanism 90 is capable of moving a fixed mirror in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction by a horizontal direction adjustment screw 91, a vertical direction adjustment screw 92, and a rotation direction adjustment screw 93. As a mechanism capable of rotating in the mirror plane.
- the convex mirror 61 and the concave mirror 62 having different two-axis curvatures orthogonal to each other are desirably irradiated with the laser beam L near the center because the accuracy of the curvature near the mirror end is low due to the problem of spherical processing accuracy.
- the pass line of the laser light L changes due to changes in the surrounding environment such as the thermal load of the transmission optical system and the oscillator, temperature, and humidity.
- the beam shape becomes an elliptical shape that is rotated, and the processing quality deteriorates.
- the mirror adjustment mechanism 90 is a mechanism that performs adjustment using a horizontal adjustment screw 91, a vertical adjustment screw 92, and a rotation direction adjustment screw 93, but a piezoelectric element may be used instead of the screw.
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Abstract
Description
図7は特許文献1に記載された従来のレーザ加工装置の光路構成を概略的に示すブロック構成図である。
この場合、移動手段5は、加工テーブル2をX軸方向に移動させ、加工ヘッド4をY軸方向に移動させるように構成されている。
一般に、球面ミラーに対する入射角を鋭角(望ましくは、15°以内)に設定すれば、非点収差による加工品質の低下は無視できることが知られている。
図1はこの発明の実施の形態1に係るレーザ加工装置の光路構成を概略的に示すブロック構成図である。
図1において、この発明の実施の形態1に係るレーザ加工装置は、レーザ光Lを出射するレーザ発振器1と、被加工材(図示せず)が載置された加工テーブル2と、反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構6および折り返しミラー8からなる伝送光学系と、伝送光学系を介したレーザ光Lを被加工材に照射する加工ヘッド4と、を備えている。
移動手段5は、制御手段(図示せず)の制御下で、加工テーブル2をX軸(点線矢印)方向に移動させるとともに、加工ヘッド4をY軸(点線矢印)方向に移動させることにより、レーザ光Lと被加工材との相対位置を変化させ、所望の加工対象位置への加工を可能にする。
図1において、反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構6は、レーザ発振器1からのレーザ光Lを反射する球面凸ミラー63と、直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凹ミラー62と、により構成されている。
また、凹ミラー62と、球面凸ミラー63との配置順序は、図1の構成に限定されることはなく、各ミラー配置順序を逆に設定してもよい。
反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構6は、球面凸ミラー63と、直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凹ミラー62と、を含む。または、反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構6は、球面凹ミラーと、直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凸ミラーと、を含む。
さらに、従来装置(図7)のような球面ミラーに対する入射角を制限するための折り返しミラー68を除去することができ、伝送光学系内の光学素子を削減して光学構造が簡略化されるので、光学素子の熱レンズ効果による影響も削減され、長時間にわたり安定な加工が可能となる。
なお、上記実施の形態1(図1)では、直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凹ミラー62と、球面凸ミラー63とからなる反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構6を用いたが、図2のように、直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凸ミラー61と、直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凹ミラー62とからなる反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構6Aを用いてもよい。
図2において、反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構6Aは、直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凸ミラー61と、直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凹ミラー62と、により構成されている。
また、光学素子の熱レンズ効果による影響もさらに削減されるので、長時間にわたり安定な加工が可能となる。
なお、上記実施の形態1、2(図1、図2)では、X軸方向に移動可能な加工テーブル2を用いたが、図3のように、移動しない加工テーブル2Aを用いてもよい。
図3はこの発明の実施の形態3に係るレーザ加工装置の光路構成を概略的に示すブロック構成図であり、前述(図1、図2参照)と同様のものについては、前述と同一符号を付して詳述を省略する。
また、レーザ光Lの伝送光学系において、反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構6Aと、加工テーブル2A側の折り返しミラー8との間に、光路長一定機構7が挿入されている。
なお、加工ヘッド4のY軸方向への移動時には、折り返しミラー28も実線位置から破線位置28’までの範囲内で移動させる。
また、光路長一定機構7は、ミラー群78を実線位置から破線位置78’までの範囲内で平行移動させる移動機構79と、を備えている。
このように、光路長一定機構7を有することにより、レーザ光Lと被加工材との相対位置に依存することなく、被加工材に照射されるレーザ光Lの集光径を維持することができるので、高品質な加工を維持することができる。
なお、上記実施の形態3(図3)では、直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凸ミラー61と、直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凹ミラー62とからなる反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構6Aを用いたが、図4のように、直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凹ミラー62と、球面凸ミラー63と、球面可変曲率ミラー67と、折り返しミラー68とからなる反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構6Bを用いてもよい。
なお、球面可変曲率ミラー67と、折り返しミラー68との配置順序は、図4の構成に限定されることはなく、各ミラー配置順序を逆に設定してもよい。
また、コーナ部の加工などにおいては、被加工材に熱が溜まりやすく、切断面が荒れる場合があるが、加工中に集光径を変更して、被加工材に対するレーザ光の照射範囲を変化させることにより、高品質かつ高精度の加工が可能となる。
なお、上記実施の形態4(図4)では、折り返しミラー68を有する反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構6Bを用いたが、図5のように、折り返しミラー68を不要とした反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構6Cを用いてもよい。
凹ミラー62は、球面可変曲率ミラー67で反射されたレーザ光Lを反射して、光路長一定機構7側に導いている。
なお、上記実施の形態5(図5)では、直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凹ミラー62と、球面可変曲率ミラー67とを有する反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構6Cを用いたが、図6のように、直交する2軸の曲率を変更可能な可変曲率ミラー64を有する反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構6Dを用いてもよい。
したがって、光学素子を削減することができ、光路の簡素化および熱レンズ効果の減少による加工精度の安定化を実現することができる。
なお、上記実施の形態1から6(図1から図6)の、直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凸ミラー61と、直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凹ミラー62を、図8のミラー調整機構90に設置してもよい。
Claims (9)
- レーザ光を出射するレーザ発振器と、
被加工材が載置された加工テーブルと、
前記レーザ発振器から出射されたレーザ光を前記加工テーブルまで伝送する伝送光学系と、
前記伝送光学系を介して伝送されたレーザ光を前記被加工材に集光照射する加工ヘッドと、
前記被加工材に照射されるレーザ光と前記被加工材との相対位置を変化させる移動手段と、
からなるレーザ加工装置であって、
前記伝送光学系は、前記レーザ発振器からのレーザ光を平行化しかつ拡大する反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構と、球面可変曲率ミラーと、を備え、
前記反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構は、球面ミラーと、直交する2軸の曲率が異なるミラーとを含み、
前記球面可変曲率ミラーは、前記球面ミラーと、前記直交する2軸の曲率が異なるミラーの間に配置されることを特徴とするレーザ加工装置。 - 前記反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構は、球面凸ミラーと、直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凹ミラーと、を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のレーザ加工装置。
- 前記反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構は、球面凹ミラーと、直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凸ミラーと、を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のレーザ加工装置。
- 前記反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構は、直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凸ミラーと、直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凹ミラーと、を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のレーザ加工装置。
- 前記伝送光学系は、光路長一定機構を備え、
前記光路長一定機構は、複数のミラーで構成されたミラー群と、前記ミラー群を平行移動させる移動機構と、を含み、
前記ミラー群を構成する複数のミラーは、前記ミラー群に対する入射光と、前記ミラー群からの出射光との進行方向が、互いに逆向きかつ平行関係になるように配置され、
前記移動機構は、前記被加工材に照射されるレーザ光と前記被加工材との相対位置の変化を相殺して、前記被加工材に照射されるレーザ光の光路長が一定に維持されるように、前記ミラー群を、前記入射光および前記出射光の進行方向に対して平行に移動させることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか1項に記載のレーザ加工装置。 - 前記反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構内において、前記球面可変曲率ミラーが前記球面ミラーと対向配置されたことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3と請求項5のいずれか1項に記載のレーザ加工装置。
- 前記反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構は、直交する2軸の曲率を変更可能な可変曲率ミラーを含むことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項6までのいずれか1項に記載のレーザ加工装置。
- 前記反射型ビームエキスパンダ機構は、球面凸ミラーと、直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凹ミラーで構成され、前記球面凸ミラーと前記球面可変曲率ミラーが対向配置され、前記球面可変曲率ミラーと、前記直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凹ミラーが対向配置されることを特徴とする請求項1と請求項2と請求項5と請求項6のいずれか1項に記載のレーザ加工装置。
- 垂直方向と、水平方向と、ミラー中心を中心軸とした回転方向に調整可能な機構を備えたミラー調整機構に、前記直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凹ミラーと、直交する2軸の曲率が異なる凸ミラーを設置することを特徴とする請求項1から請求項7までのいずれか1項に記載のレーザ加工装置。
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