Classifications

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  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M169/06—Mixtures of thickeners and additives
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M169/02—Mixtures of base-materials and thickeners
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/04—Elements
  • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
  • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
  • C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
  • C10M2207/042—Epoxides
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  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
  • C10M2207/128—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
  • C10M2207/1285—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof used as thickening agents
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
  • C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
  • C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
  • C10M2209/105—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
  • C10M2209/1055—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only used as base material
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
  • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2215/10—Amides of carbonic or haloformic acids
  • C10M2215/102—Ureas; Semicarbazides; Allophanates
  • C10M2215/1026—Ureas; Semicarbazides; Allophanates used as thickening material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
  • C10M2219/046—Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
  • C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
  • C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
  • C10M2219/068—Thiocarbamate metal salts
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  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
  • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
  • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2219/083—Dibenzyl sulfide
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
  • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
  • C10M2223/041—Triaryl phosphates
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
  • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
  • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
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  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
  • C10N2020/011—Cloud point
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
  • C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
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  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
  • C10N2020/055—Particles related characteristics
  • C10N2020/06—Particles of special shape or size
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  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
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  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/52—Base number [TBN]
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/02—Bearings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
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  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
  • C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a grease composition.
• grease is used as a lubricant for bearings, constant velocity joints, and the like provided in devices such as a power transmission mechanism.
• Patent Document 1 discloses a grease in which a thickener, (A) dialkyldithiocarbamate, and (B) an aromatic amine compound are added to a base oil in which a polyol ester and an alkylphenyl ether are mixed.
• Patent Document 2 discloses a grease composition in which a base oil includes a polyoxyalkylene glycol ether and additives include a quinoline-based compound and a benzotriazole-based compound
• Patent Document 3 describes a base oil in which a specific condensed phosphate ester is used.
• a grease containing a specific thickener such as organic bentonite is disclosed in Patent Document 4 as a lubricant containing fluorinated calcium phosphate, which has a thickening effect on the base oil.
• a lubricant composition containing a thickener and tribasic magnesium phosphate in oil is disclosed in Patent Document 6 as a specific poly- ⁇ -
• Patent Document 7 a grease containing a base oil containing a olefin and a specific ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer and a thickener is disclosed in Patent Document 7, and a grease in which the base oil is a specific perfluoropolyether is disclosed. Yes.
• Patent Document 8 discloses a grease containing a sulfurized oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate composition having a powdery specific structure
• Patent Document 9 discloses a dispersion of an ionic liquid, a higher fatty acid alkaline earth metal salt and a dispersion.
• An electrically conductive grease composition having good lubricity composed of an agent is disclosed in Patent Document 10 as a grease in which a particulate thickening material capable of satisfying the condition that the rate of increase in viscosity is represented by a specific formula is mixed.
• Reference 11 discloses a grease containing a synthetic base oil with a thickener, a specific polytetrafluoroethylene resin powder, and a specific zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.
• Patent Document 12 discloses that the base oil is increased with perfluoropolyether.
• a grease whose specific agent is a specific fluororesin, Patent Document 13 contains silicone oil, polyurethane powder, and synthetic mica. That the grease composition is disclosed, respectively.
• the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. Compared to conventional grease, the stability, lubricity and friction characteristics are good even under severe use conditions, and long-term reliability is achieved.
• An object of the present invention is to provide a grease composition having excellent properties.
• the inventors of the present invention have improved the stability, lubricity and friction characteristics of the grease by blending a specific base oil with a thickener, an epoxy compound, and an antiwear additive at specific ratios.
• the present inventors have found that the problems can be solved and have completed the present invention.
• the present invention provides the grease composition described in [1] to [10] below.
• At least one base oil selected from mineral oil base oils and synthetic oil base oils, a thickener 2 to 35% by mass, and an epoxy compound 0.05 to 5% by mass based on the total amount of the grease composition %, And a grease composition containing 0.1 to 20% by mass of an antiwear additive.
• the epoxy compound is at least one selected from phenyl glycidyl ether type epoxy compounds, alkyl glycidyl ether type epoxy compounds, glycidyl ester type epoxy compounds, alicyclic epoxy compounds, epoxidized aliphatic monoesters and epoxidized vegetable oils.
• the grease composition according to [1], wherein [3] The grease composition according to [2], wherein the epoxy compound is an alkyl glycidyl ether represented by the following general formula (1). [Wherein, R represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms. ] [4] The grease according to [3], wherein the epoxy compound is at least one selected from octyl glycidyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl glycidyl ether, nonyl glycidyl ether, decyl glycidyl ether, undecyl glycidyl ether and dodecyl glycidyl ether. Composition.
• the antiwear additive is at least one selected from an oxygen-containing compound, a nitrogen-containing compound, an organic phosphorus compound, an organic sulfur compound, an organic molybdenum compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, and an organic zinc compound.
• the grease composition according to any one of [3].
• the oxygen-containing compound is at least one selected from esters, alcohols, ethers and carboxylic acids; and the nitrogen-containing compound is at least one selected from aliphatic amines, aliphatic amides and aliphatic imides.
• the organic phosphorus compound is at least one selected from a phosphate ester, a phosphite, and an acidic phosphate ester amine salt
• the organic sulfur compound is at least one selected from a sulfide compound and sulfurized fats and oils
• the organic molybdenum compound is at least one selected from molybdenum dithiocarbamate and molybdenum dithiophosphate
• the alkaline earth metal compound is at least selected from a sulfonate salt, a phenate salt, and a salicylate salt of an alkaline earth metal.
• the above Zinc compounds dialkyl zinc, at least one selected from zinc dialkyldithiophosphate and zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate, the grease composition according to [5].
• the antiwear additive is a solid lubricant.
• the solid lubricant is at least one selected from molybdenum disulfide, graphite, ethylene tetrafluoride resin powder, and boron nitride.
• the thickener is at least one selected from lithium soaps, calcium soaps, aluminum soaps, and urea compounds.
• the grease composition according to [5] which contains an organic molybdenum compound, an organic zinc compound, and an organic sulfur compound as the antiwear additive.
• a grease composition according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises at least one base oil selected from mineral oil base oils and synthetic oil base oils, and a thickener of 2 to 35% by mass based on the total amount of the grease composition. And 0.05 to 5% by mass of an epoxy compound and 0.1 to 20% by mass of an antiwear additive.
• Base oil As the base oil in the present embodiment, mineral oil base oil and / or synthetic oil base oil used for lubricating oil can be used.
• Mineral oil base oils include paraffinic base oils, naphthenic base oils, and mixed base base oils. These oils are obtained by subjecting crude oil to atmospheric distillation and then vacuum distillation. Solvent removal, solvent extraction, hydrorefining, hydrocracking, solvent dewaxing, hydrodewaxing, clay treatment, etc. A refined lubricating oil fraction obtained by appropriately combining these lubricating oil refining means, and can be suitably used.
• the process of controlling the composition is solvent extraction, hydrorefining, and hydrocracking, and the process of controlling the low temperature characteristics such as pour point is solvent dewaxing and hydrodewaxing excluding wax, and the clay treatment is the main. In this step, the nitrogen content is removed to improve the stability of the base oil.
• a wax obtained by hydrocracking and / or isomerizing a raw material containing a wax containing n-paraffin as a main component such as slack wax, GTL WAX (Gas Liquid Liquid) manufactured by Fischer-Tropsch process, etc.
• lubricating base oils such as cracked / isomerized mineral oils.
• a refined lubricating oil fraction having different properties obtained from a combination of various raw materials and various refining means may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and is a suitable base oil.
• Synthetic oil base oils include esters such as monoesters, diesters, polyol esters, ethers such as polyoxyalkylene glycol, polyvinyl ether, dialkyldiphenyl ether, polyphenyl ether, poly- ⁇ -olefins (PAO), ethylene And hydrocarbon oils such as ⁇ -olefin oligomers, alkylbenzenes and alkylnaphthalenes.
• Esters are compounds with various molecular structures, each of which has unique viscosity characteristics and low temperature characteristics, and is characterized by a high flash point compared to hydrocarbon base oils having the same viscosity. Esters can be obtained by dehydration condensation reaction of alcohols and carboxylic acids such as fatty acids.
• diesters of dibasic acids and monohydric alcohols, polyols (especially in terms of chemical stability) Is a polyol ester of neopentyl polyol) and a monovalent fatty acid, or a complex ester of a polyol, a polybasic acid and a monohydric alcohol (or monovalent fatty acid) as a suitable base oil component.
• dibasic acids include adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedioic acid, etc.
• monohydric alcohols include butanol, pentanol, hexanol, octanol, decanol, etc. Examples thereof include ethylhexanol, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanol, and isodecanol.
• linear fatty acids among monovalent fatty acids include butanoic acid, pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, oleic acid, and the like
• branched fatty acids include branched butane. Examples include acids, branched pentanoic acid, branched hexanoic acid, branched heptanoic acid, branched octanoic acid, branched nonanoic acid, and the like.
• fatty acids having a branch at the ⁇ -position and / or ⁇ -position include isobutanoic acid, 2-methylbutanoic acid, 2-methylpentanoic acid, 2-methylhexanoic acid, 2-ethylpentanoic acid, and 2-methylheptanoic acid. 2-ethylhexanoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid and the like.
• a saturated fatty acid having 4 to 18, preferably 6 to 12 carbon atoms can be used as the monovalent fatty acid.
• polyhydric alcohol a polyhydric alcohol having 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups and a polyhydric alcohol having 4 to 12 carbon atoms are preferably used.
• specific examples include hindered alcohols such as neopentyl glycol, trimethylol ethane, trimethylol propane, trimethylol butane, di- (trimethylol propane), pentaerythritol, and di- (pentaerythritol).
• Examples of the ether include polyalkylene glycol, polyvinyl ether, and dialkyl diphenyl ether.
• Examples of the polyalkylene glycol include polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and a copolymer of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide.
• a compound in which a hydroxyl group at one end is etherified and the remaining ends are left as hydroxyl groups is generally used, but a compound in which both ends are etherified is preferably low in hygroscopicity, and the skeleton has high hygroscopic oxy
• the oxypropylene type is preferred over ethylene.
• a polyalkylene glycol compound can be suitably used.
• poly- ⁇ -olefin is widely used and is a polymer of ⁇ -olefin, and its characteristics are determined by the degree of polymerization.
• Alkylbenzene and alkylnaphthalene are used in the field of specific lubricating oils, but there are a linear type and a branched type depending on the structure of the alkyl group, and the characteristics are different.
• mineral oils diesters, polyol esters, polyalkylene glycol compounds, or poly- ⁇ -olefins can be preferably used.
• one kind of mineral oil base oil or synthetic oil base oil can be used alone.
• two or more selected from the group consisting of mineral oil base oils and synthetic oil base oils can be appropriately combined and blended at an appropriate ratio so as to satisfy various performances required for each application.
• a plurality of mineral oil-based and synthetic oil-based base oils may be used.
• Kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of the base oil, to the grease composition maintains a suitable viscosity, preferably from 3 ⁇ 2000mm 2 / s, more preferably 5 ⁇ 1000mm 2 / s, more preferably 8 ⁇ 500mm 2 / s .
• the content of the base oil is preferably 60% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the grease composition.
• the content of the base oil is preferably 95% by mass or less, more preferably 90% by mass or less, based on the entire composition. By setting it as this range, it becomes excellent in lubricity and it becomes possible to make it grease-like stably.
• the thickener used in the grease composition according to this embodiment is not particularly limited, and all the thickeners usually used in the grease composition can be used.
• the thickener include non-soap thickeners such as metal soaps containing lithium, calcium, sodium and aluminum, urea compounds, imide compounds, benton, silica gel, and fluorine-based thickeners represented by polytetrafluoroethylene.
• an amide compound that becomes liquid at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the compound and becomes a gel-like grease at room temperature can be mentioned.
• metal soaps and urea compounds are preferred.
• lithium soaps are particularly preferable.
• Lithium soaps include lithium soap and lithium complex soap.
• lithium soaps include lithium metal soaps such as lithium 12-hydroxystearate and lithium stearate, and lithium complex soaps are lithium soaps with a mixture of a monovalent carboxylic acid and a polyvalent carboxylic acid (preferably a divalent carboxylic acid).
• a reaction product of 12-hydroxystearic acid and lithium hydroxide, a mixture of a reaction product of azelaic acid and lithium hydroxide, and the like can be given.
• Examples of the urea compound include a diurea compound.
• examples of the diurea compound are obtained by reacting an aromatic diisocyanate with an aromatic amine, an aliphatic amine, an alicyclic amine, or a mixture of two or more thereof. There are diurea compounds.
• aromatic diisocyanates include tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, naphthalene diisocyanate, etc.
• aromatic amines include paratoluidine, aniline, naphthylamine, etc.
• examples of aliphatic amines include octylamine, nonylamine, Decylamine, undecylamine, dodecylamine, tridecylamine, tetradecylamine, etc.
• alicyclic amines include cyclohexylamine, methylcyclohexylamine and the like.
• thickeners are practical thickeners that are balanced in terms of properties and include availability and price.
• a thickener may be used individually by 1 type, or may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
• the content of the thickening agent can be appropriately selected as necessary to obtain the required consistency, but is preferably 2 to 35% by mass, preferably 5 to 5%, based on the total amount of the grease composition. 30% by mass, more preferably 5 to 25% by mass.
• the grease composition according to this embodiment contains an epoxy compound.
• stability and wear resistance can be improved by using an epoxy compound and an antiwear additive in combination under a combination of a base oil and a thickener, and further, these characteristics. And friction characteristics can be achieved.
• the epoxy compound itself does not exhibit an effect of improving wear resistance.
• the wear resistance of the grease composition according to the present embodiment is superior to the case of using an antiwear additive alone without using an epoxy compound. From these facts, the above-described effect of the grease composition according to the present embodiment is a synergistic effect obtained by using the epoxy compound and the antiwear additive in combination with a specific content, and is obtained with the conventional grease composition. It can be seen that this is a unique effect that was not possible.
• epoxy compound examples include alkyl glycidyl ether type epoxy compounds, phenyl glycidyl ether type epoxy compounds, glycidyl ester type epoxy compounds, alicyclic epoxy compounds, epoxidized fatty acid monoesters, epoxidized vegetable oils, and the like.
• alkyl glycidyl ether type epoxy compound examples include hexyl glycidyl ether, octyl glycidyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl glycidyl ether, nonyl glycidyl ether, decyl glycidyl ether, undecyl glycidyl ether, dodecyl glycidyl ether, tridecyl glycidyl ether, Tetradecyl glycidyl ether, oleyl glycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether, pentaerythritol tetraglycidyl ether, 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether, sorbitol polyglycidyl ether, polyalkylene glycol monoglycerol
• phenyl glycidyl ether type epoxy compound examples include phenyl glycidyl ether, methyl phenyl glycidyl ether, ethyl phenyl glycidyl ether, propyl phenyl glycidyl ether, and butyl phenyl glycidyl ether.
• glycidyl ester type epoxy compound examples include phenyl glycidyl ester, alkyl glycidyl ester, alkenyl glycidyl ester, and the like, such as glycidyl-2,2-dimethyloctanoate, glycidyl benzoate, glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, and the like. It can be illustrated. Examples thereof include alkyl glycidyl esters having an alkyl group with 4 to 18 carbon atoms, particularly 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
• alicyclic epoxy compound examples include 1,2-epoxycyclohexane, 1,2-epoxycyclopentane, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3 ′, 4′-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, bis (3 , 4-Epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethyl) adipate, 2- (7-oxabicyclo [4,1,0] hept-3-yl) -spiro (1,3-dioxane-5,3 ′-[7] Examples include oxabicyclo [4,1,0] heptane, 4- (1′-methylepoxyethyl) -1,2-epoxy-2-methylcyclohexane, 4-epoxyethyl-1,2-epoxycyclohexane, etc. Examples of the epoxycycloalkane derivatives of formula 5-7 are illustrated.
• Examples of the epoxidized fatty acid monoester include esters of an epoxidized fatty acid having 12 to 20 carbon atoms and an alcohol or phenol having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and an alkylphenol.
• Examples of the epoxidized vegetable oil include epoxy compounds of vegetable oils such as soybean oil, linseed oil and cottonseed oil.
• the epoxy compound incorporates and stabilizes the carboxylic acid and the like generated with the deterioration of the grease in the molecule, thereby improving the lubricity by suppressing the generation of components that cause corrosive wear and the deterioration of the additive. Also contribute.
• alkyl glycidyl ether among epoxy compounds behaves differently from other types of epoxy compounds and not only improves lubricity due to stabilization but also greatly increases the effect of anti-wear additives. I found it.
• alkyl glycidyl ethers represented by the following general formula (1) are preferable because they have not only improved stability but also an effect of increasing wear resistance.
• R in the general formula (1) is carbon.
• Alkyl glycidyl ether which is an alkyl group of several 8 to 12 is more preferable. [Wherein, R represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms. ]
• Preferred alkyl glycidyl ethers include octyl glycidyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl glycidyl ether, nonyl glycidyl ether, decyl glycidyl ether, undecyl glycidyl ether, and dodecyl glycidyl ether.
• one type of epoxy compound may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
• the content of the epoxy compound is 0.05 to 5% by mass, preferably 0.1 to 3% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 2% by mass, based on the total amount of the grease composition. If the content is small, the stability and wear resistance are not improved. If the content is too large, the organic material in the mechanical system is swollen.
• the grease composition according to this embodiment contains an antiwear additive.
• Preferred antiwear additives include oxygen-containing compounds, nitrogen-containing compounds, organic phosphorus compounds, organic sulfur compounds, organic molybdenum compounds, calcium compounds and organic zinc compounds.
• a solid lubricant can also be preferably used.
• an antiwear additive may be classified into an oiliness agent, an antiwear agent, and an extreme pressure agent, these classifications are not necessarily exact
• One antiwear additive may correspond to two or three of an oily agent, an antiwear agent and an extreme pressure agent.
• the antiwear additive of the present invention excludes the epoxy compound used in the present invention.
• examples of the oxygen-containing compound include higher fatty acids such as oleic acid and stearic acid, higher alcohols such as oleyl alcohol, esters such as glycerol monooleate, and ethers such as glycerol monooleyl ether.
• These oxygen-containing compounds are typically composed of an oxygen-containing polar group such as a hydroxyl group, a carboxylic acid group, an ether group or an ester group, and a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 12 to 24 carbon atoms.
• oxygen-containing compounds it is expected that polar groups are adsorbed on the surface of the metal sliding portion, hydrocarbon groups form an oil film, and wear resistance is improved.
• examples thereof include partial esters in which a hydroxyl group remains, particularly glycerol partial esters with fatty acids having 12 to 24 carbon atoms.
• examples of the nitrogen-containing compound include aliphatic amines such as oleylamine and dodecylamine, aliphatic amides, and aliphatic imides.
• These nitrogen-containing compounds are typically composed of nitrogen-containing polar groups such as amine groups, amide groups, and imide groups, and hydrocarbon groups having 12 to 24 carbon atoms having a saturated or unsaturated bond.
• nitrogen-containing polar groups such as amine groups, amide groups, and imide groups
• hydrocarbon groups having 12 to 24 carbon atoms having a saturated or unsaturated bond.
• an aliphatic amine having 12 to 24 carbon atoms can be exemplified.
• examples of the organic phosphorus compound include phosphate ester, phosphite ester, and acidic phosphate ester amine salt.
• a compound containing nitrogen or the like as a constituent element in addition to phosphorus is included in the organic phosphorus compound.
• the organophosphorus compound typically has one or more hydrocarbon groups having 6 to 24 carbon atoms. This hydrocarbon group is a linear hydrocarbon group, a branched hydrocarbon group, an aromatic group, or the like. Salt compounds of organophosphorus compounds include complete neutralization or partial neutralization. These organophosphorus compounds are expected to form a lubricating coating such as iron phosphate on the surface of the metal sliding portion to improve the wear resistance.
• examples of the phosphate ester include those having an aromatic group, and are typically triaryl phosphates.
• organic sulfur compounds examples include monosulfide compounds, disulfide compounds, polysulfide compounds, sulfurized fats and oils, and sulfurized olefins. These organic sulfur compounds are expected to form a lubricating film such as iron sulfide on the surface of the metal sliding portion and improve the wear resistance. Examples thereof include diaryl sulfide, dialkyl sulfide, and dialkenyl sulfide. Examples of the sulfur element content in the organic sulfur compound include 2 to 70% by mass, and particularly 5 to 60% by mass.
• Examples of the organic molybdenum compound include molybdenum dithiocarbamate and molybdenum dithiophosphate.
• a compound containing sulfur or the like as a constituent element in addition to molybdenum is included in the organic molybdenum compound.
• the organomolybdenum compound is expected to improve the wear resistance by forming a lubricant film made of molybdenum disulfide on the surface of the metal sliding portion.
• Examples of the alkyl group include molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate and molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate having 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
• alkaline earth metal compound examples include sulfonate salts, phenate salts, and salicylate salts of alkaline earth metals.
• the alkaline earth metal can be selected from calcium, magnesium and barium.
• a compound containing sulfur or the like in addition to an alkaline earth metal as a constituent element is included in the alkaline earth metal compound.
• the calcium compound may contain a basic component such as calcium carbonate.
• organic zinc compound examples include organic zinc compounds such as dialkyl zinc, zinc dialkyldithiophosphate and zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate.
• organic zinc compounds such as dialkyl zinc, zinc dialkyldithiophosphate and zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate.
• a compound containing sulfur, phosphorus or the like as a constituent element in addition to zinc is included in the organic zinc compound.
• the organozinc compound typically has one or more hydrocarbon groups of a straight chain, branched or aromatic group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms.
• alkyl group examples include zinc dialkyldithiophosphates having 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
• a solid lubricant can also be applied to the grease that is a semi-solid lubricant.
• Solid lubricants are additives used in powders or thin films to prevent sliding material surface damage and reduce friction and wear.
• Molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, graphite, graphite fluoride, melamine Examples include cyanurate, tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resin powder, polyimide resin powder, high-density polyethylene resin powder, boron nitride, copper powder, nickel powder, tin powder, and silver powder. Of these, molybdenum disulfide, graphite, ethylene tetrafluoride resin powder, and boron nitride can be suitably used in the present invention.
• one type of antiwear additive may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
• the content of the antiwear additive is 0.1 to 20% by mass, preferably 0.2 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.2 to 7% by mass, and further 0 based on the total amount of the grease composition. .3 to 5% by mass. When the content is too small, there is no effect of wear resistance, and when the content is too large, the stability of the lubricating oil is lowered.
• an organic molybdenum compound and an organic zinc compound are preferable to contain an antiwear additive.
• Examples of the mass ratio of the contents of the organomolybdenum compound and the organozinc compound include 0.2 to 10: 1, particularly 1 to 5: 1.
• lithium complex soap can be used as a thickener.
• an organic molybdenum compound, an organic zinc compound, and an organic sulfur compound is contained as an antiwear additive.
• the mass ratio of the contents of the organomolybdenum compound and the organozinc compound is 1 to 10: 1, particularly 1 to 5: 1.
• the mass ratio of the contents of the organozinc compound and the organosulfur compound is 0.2 to 2: 1, especially 0.5 to 2: 1.
• lithium soap can be used as a thickener.
• the organic sulfur compound a dialkyl sulfide having an alkyl having 4 to 18 carbon atoms, particularly 6 to 10 carbon atoms can be used.
• the grease composition according to the present embodiment is an antioxidant, a rust inhibitor, a metal deactivator, a corrosion inhibitor, a viscosity, which are conventionally used in lubricating oils, as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
• Additives such as index improvers, pour point depressants, cleaning dispersants, emulsifiers and antifoaming agents can be included to further improve performance.
• di-tert. Phenol compounds such as butyl-p-cresol, amine compounds such as alkyldiphenylamine, etc., alkenyl succinic acid esters or partial esters thereof as rust inhibitors, benzotriazole, gallic acid esters as metal deactivators
• metal deactivators such as thiadiazole as a corrosion inhibitor, polymethacrylate and polyisobutylene as a viscosity index improver, polyalkyl acrylate and polyalkyl styrene as pour point depressants, succinimide and phosphonate as detergent dispersants, etc.
• emulsifiers include fatty acid soaps and long-chain alcohol sulfates
• antifoaming agents include silicone compounds and polyester compounds.
• A Base oil
• A-1 Mineral oil: Paraffin-based refined mineral oil (kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. 93.3 mm 2 / s, viscosity index 95, pour point ⁇ 15 ° C., flash point 260 ° C.)
• A-2) Polyol ester (POE): ester of pentaerythritol, 2-ethylhexanoic acid and 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid in a mass ratio of 5: 5 (kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C.
• B Thickener
• Lithium soap grease 12-hydroxystearate (10% by mass) in base oil was mixed and stirred, dissolved uniformly at about 200 ° C., allowed to cool, and about 80 Additives (C and D) were added at 0 ° C. to obtain grease. This lithium soap grease was passed through a roll mill and subjected to the test as a grease composition.
• (B-3) Lithium Complex Soap Grease Mix and stir 12-hydroxystearic acid, azelaic acid and lithium hydroxide in the base oil so as to be 10 mass% with respect to the total amount of the grease composition, and uniformly at about 200 ° C. After dissolution, the mixture was allowed to cool, and additives (C and D) were added at about 80 ° C. to obtain a grease. This lithium complex soap grease was passed through a roll mill and subjected to the test as a grease composition.
• C Epoxy compound (C-1) 2-ethylhexyl glycidyl ether (C-2) dodecyl glycidyl ether (C-3) glycidyl-2,2-dimethyloctanoate (C-4) 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl -3 ', 4'-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate
• D Antiwear additive
• Oxygen compound Glycerol monooleate
• Nitrogen compound Oleylamine
• Organophosphorus compound Tricresyl phosphate
• Organic Sulfur compound A dibenzyl disulfide
• organomolybdenum compound A molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate [Mo element content: 8.0 mass%]
• D-6 Alkaline earth metal compound: Overbased Ca sulfonate, [TBN (ASTM D2895): 325 mg KOH / g, Ca: 12.7 mass%, S: 2 mass%]
• Organozinc compound zinc dioctyl dithiophosphate
• solid lubricant graphite (average particle size: 10 ⁇ m)
• Organic molybdenum compound B molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate [Mo element content: 10.0% by mass] (D-10)
• Organic molybdenum compound B molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate
• SRV test In accordance with ASTM D5706, the seizure load and the wear coefficient were measured using an SRV tester (OPTIMOL, Instrument SRV) which is a ball / disk reciprocating friction and wear tester. SUJ2 was used as the ball and disk material for the SRV test. The test was started at a temperature of 80 ° C., an amplitude of 1 mm, a frequency of 50 Hz, and a load of 50 N, and the operation was performed by increasing the load by 100 N every 2 minutes until the seizure (the maximum set load is 2000 N). In this test, the seizure load and the coefficient of friction at each load before seizure can be measured.
• SRV tester OPTIMOL, Instrument SRV
• SUJ2 was used as the ball and disk material for the SRV test. The test was started at a temperature of 80 ° C., an amplitude of 1 mm, a frequency of 50 Hz, and a load of 50 N, and the operation was performed by increasing the load by
• Tables 1 to 6 show the seizure load in the test using each grease composition and the friction coefficient at a load 200 N lower than the seizure load. “Unstable” in the column of “Friction coefficient” in the table means that the friction coefficient fluctuated between 0.08 and 0.18, and the value could not be read.
• the grease composition of the present invention has greatly improved stability, lubricity and friction characteristics as compared with conventional grease, and maintains the initial characteristics even under severe lubrication conditions, and has an effect of wear resistance. It is a grease with excellent reliability that can be maintained. Therefore, the grease composition of the present invention can be suitably used as a lubricant for various machines, vehicles, power transmission mechanisms and the like that require wear resistance performance and energy saving performance.

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