WO2013172046A1 - Procédé de chargement d'une matière brute dans un haut-fourneau - Google Patents

Procédé de chargement d'une matière brute dans un haut-fourneau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013172046A1
WO2013172046A1 PCT/JP2013/003172 JP2013003172W WO2013172046A1 WO 2013172046 A1 WO2013172046 A1 WO 2013172046A1 JP 2013003172 W JP2013003172 W JP 2013003172W WO 2013172046 A1 WO2013172046 A1 WO 2013172046A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
raw material
coke
blast furnace
ore
furnace
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2013/003172
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
和平 市川
渡壁 史朗
石井 純
寿幸 廣澤
明紀 村尾
Original Assignee
Jfeスチール株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jfeスチール株式会社 filed Critical Jfeスチール株式会社
Priority to CN201380025742.3A priority Critical patent/CN104302788B/zh
Priority to EP13790282.1A priority patent/EP2851434B1/fr
Priority to JP2013556696A priority patent/JP5601426B2/ja
Priority to KR1020147032079A priority patent/KR101630279B1/ko
Publication of WO2013172046A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013172046A1/fr

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/18Bell-and-hopper arrangements
    • C21B7/20Bell-and-hopper arrangements with appliances for distributing the burden
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/001Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/007Conditions of the cokes or characterised by the cokes used
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/008Composition or distribution of the charge
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B1/20Arrangements of devices for charging
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0033Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge charging of particulate material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/10Charging directly from hoppers or shoots

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a raw material charging method for a blast furnace in which the raw material is charged into the furnace with a swirl chute, and in particular, aims to achieve a uniform mixing layer of the ore raw material and coke.
  • a blast furnace generally charges raw materials such as sintered ore, pellets, and massive ore and coke in layers from the top of the furnace, and flows combustion gas from the tuyere to obtain pig iron.
  • the coke and ore raw material which are the charged raw materials for the blast furnace, descend from the top of the furnace to the lower part of the furnace, and ore reduction and raw material temperature rise occur.
  • the ore raw material layer is gradually deformed while filling the gaps between the ore raw materials due to the temperature rise and the load from above, and the lower part of the shaft part of the blast furnace has a very high resistance to gas and almost no gas flows. Form a layer.
  • raw material charging into a blast furnace is performed by alternately charging ore raw materials and coke, and in the furnace, ore raw material layers and coke layers are alternately layered. Further, in the lower part of the blast furnace, there is a region called a cohesive zone where an ore raw material layer having a large ventilation resistance softened and fused with ore and a coke slit having a relatively small ventilation resistance derived from coke are mixed.
  • the air permeability of this cohesive zone has a great influence on the air permeability of the entire blast furnace, and the productivity in the blast furnace is limited.
  • a low coke operation it is considered that the coke slit becomes extremely thin because the amount of coke used is reduced.
  • Patent Document 2 proposes that ore and coke are separately stored in a bunker at the top of the furnace, and coke and ore are mixed and charged simultaneously.
  • no particular consideration is given to the separation of coke and ore after the raw material is charged into the furnace, and there is concern about the separation of coke and ore due to segregation of coarse and fine particles after raw material charging. .
  • Patent Document 3 in order to prevent the instability of the cohesive zone shape in the blast furnace operation and the decrease in the gas utilization rate near the center, and to improve the safe operation and thermal efficiency, the raw material charging method in the blast furnace is In addition, after all ore and all coke are thoroughly mixed, they are charged into the furnace.
  • Patent Document 3 although a blast furnace having no coke slit is described, a specific raw material charging method in the blast furnace is not mentioned, and a method for controlling the charge mixture rate is not described. It is unknown.
  • Patent Document 4 As a raw material charging method to improve the ventilation resistance without the presence of coke slits, ⁇ A method of operating a blast furnace in which ore raw materials such as sintered ore, pellets, massive ore and blast furnace charging raw materials of coke are charged into the blast furnace with a rotating chute, When charging the blast furnace charging raw material into the blast furnace, a central coke layer was formed in the axial center portion, and the ore raw material and coke were mixed so as not to generate a coke slit outside the central coke layer. A raw material charging method for a blast furnace, wherein a mixed layer is formed. " Proposed.
  • Patent Document 4 has significantly improved the air permeability in the blast furnace, enabling stable blast furnace operation.
  • the present invention relates to an improvement of the technique described in Patent Document 4 described above, and at the time of forming a mixed layer, it is intended to achieve further uniformization and thereby enable more stable blast furnace operation. It is.
  • the inventors have made various studies in order to achieve further uniformity in forming the mixed layer in the blast furnace.
  • the present inventors have obtained a novel finding that the homogenization of the mixed layer is greatly improved by increasing the discharge rate of the mixed raw material into the blast furnace.
  • the present invention is based on the above findings.
  • the gist configuration of the present invention is as follows. 1.
  • the blast furnace operation method of charging ore raw materials such as sintered ore, pellets, massive ore and blast furnace charging raw materials of coke into the blast furnace using a rotating chute When a mixed layer is formed in a predetermined region in the blast furnace by charging the mixed raw material and the coke into the blast furnace, the discharge rate of the mixed raw material into the blast furnace is 1.5 t. / S or more,
  • the raw material charging method to the blast furnace characterized by the above-mentioned.
  • At least two furnace top bunkers disposed at the top of the blast furnace, and a collecting hopper disposed at a discharge port of each furnace top bunker and mixing raw materials discharged from the furnace top bunker to supply the swirl chute
  • One or two of the furnace top bunker stores either or both of the ore raw material or the mixed raw material obtained by mixing the ore raw material and the coke, and stores them in one of the remaining furnace top bunkers.
  • the coke and the ore raw material and / or mixed raw material are discharged simultaneously from the furnace top bunker, mixed with the collecting hopper, and mixed into the swivel chute.
  • the mixed raw material in which the ore raw material and coke are mixed into the blast furnace is charged and the mixed layer is formed in the blast furnace, it is possible to achieve a more uniform mixed layer, so that it is more stable. It becomes possible to carry out the blast furnace operation.
  • the ore raw material and coke mixed raw material are stored in the furnace top bunker 12b, only the coke is stored in the furnace top bunker 12a, and only the ore raw material is stored in the furnace top bunker 12c. Yes.
  • the coke amount is preferably adjusted to 30% by mass or less of the total coke amount.
  • the coke, mixed raw material and ore raw material discharged from the furnace top bunkers 12a to 12c after being adjusted to a predetermined flow rate by the flow rate adjusting gate 13 are collected into the collecting hopper 14. Then, the mixture is fed to the bellless type charging device 15 immediately below, and charged into the blast furnace 10 by the turning chute 16 of the bellless type charging device 15.
  • the swirl chute 16 is revolved around the axis of the blast furnace 10 and at the same time is reversely tilted so as to tilt from the axial center of the blast furnace 10 toward the furnace wall. The case of making an input will be described. The case where the central coke layer is formed in the axial center portion of the blast furnace will be described.
  • the turning chute 16 is controlled to reversely tilt so as to turn about the central axis of the blast furnace 10 and simultaneously tilt toward the furnace wall side from the axial center side of the furnace center of the blast furnace 10, and is discharged from the top bunker 12.
  • Raw material charging is performed by a reverse tilt control method in which the charged blast furnace charging material is charged in the reverse direction from the furnace center side to the furnace wall side.
  • the flow rate adjusting gates 13 of the furnace top bunkers 12b and 12c are closed, and the flow rate adjusting gate 13 of only the furnace top bunker 12a is opened. Only the coke stored in the furnace top bunker 12a is supplied to the turning chute 16, and a central coke layer 12d is formed at the axial center as shown in FIG.
  • the swiveling chute 16 is gradually tilted in the horizontal direction, and when the formation of the central coke layer 12d is completed, the flow rate adjusting gates 13 of the remaining two furnace top bunkers 12b and 12c are opened at a predetermined ratio,
  • the coke discharged from the bunker 12a and the mixed raw material discharged from the top bunker 12b and / or the ore raw material discharged from the top bunker 12c are simultaneously supplied to the collecting hopper 14. For this reason, the coke and the ore raw material are completely mixed by the collecting hopper 14 and then supplied to the swivel chute 16, and as shown in FIG.
  • the mixed layer 12e which does not produce a coke slit with a substantially uniform mixing ratio with the raw material is formed.
  • the coke amount of the central coke layer 12d and the mixed layer 12e is such that the coke amount of the central coke layer 12d is about 5 to 30% by mass of the total amount of coke charged per charge, while the coke amount of the mixed layer 12e is It is set to about 70 to 95% by mass of the total coke amount.
  • the region where the central coke layer is formed is preferably 0 or more and 0.3 or less in the dimensionless radius of the blast furnace where the blast furnace axial center part is 0 and the furnace wall part is 1. The reason for this is that by collecting a part of the coke in the core part of the furnace, the air permeability in the shaft part and thus the air permeability of the entire blast furnace can be effectively improved.
  • the amount of coke charged to form the central coke layer is preferably about 5 to 30% by mass of the amount of coke charged per charge. This is because if the amount of coke charged to the shaft center portion is less than 5% by mass, the air permeability around the shaft center portion is not sufficiently improved, while more than 30% by mass of coke is concentrated on the shaft center portion. In this case, not only the amount of coke for use in the mixed layer is reduced, but also the amount of heat removed from the furnace body is increased due to excessive gas flow in the axial center.
  • the content is preferably 10 to 20% by mass.
  • layers composed of the central coke layer 12d and the mixed layer 12e are sequentially formed in the blast furnace 10 from the lower part to the upper part.
  • the central coke layer 12d having a low ventilation resistance is formed from the lower portion of the blast furnace toward the upper portion of the blast furnace.
  • the mixed layer 12e in which the coke and the ore raw material are mixed is formed around it.
  • a furnace core tube 32 is disposed on the inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical furnace body 31, and a cylindrical heating heater 33 is disposed outside the furnace core tube 32.
  • a graphite crucible 35 is disposed at the upper end of a cylindrical body 34 made of a refractory inside the furnace core tube 32, and a charging raw material 36 is charged into the crucible 35.
  • a load is applied to the charged raw material 36 from above by a load loading device 38 connected via a punch bar 37 so as to be in the same level as the fused layer at the bottom of the blast furnace.
  • a drop sampling device 39 is provided below the cylindrical body 34.
  • the gas adjusted by the gas mixing device 40 is sent to the crucible 35 through the lower cylindrical body 34, and the gas that has passed through the raw material 36 in the crucible 35 is analyzed by the gas analyzer 41.
  • the heating heater 33 is provided with a thermocouple 42 for controlling the heating temperature, and the crucible 35 is 1200 to 1500 by controlling the heater 33 with a control device (not shown) while measuring the temperature with the thermocouple 42. Heat to ° C.
  • a mixture of 50 to 100% by mass of sintered ore and 0 to 50% by mass of massive iron ore was used as the ore of the charging raw material 36 charged in the crucible 35.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph in which the relationship between the maximum pressure loss ratio and the mixing amount when the mixing amount of coke with respect to the ore is changed in the case where the size of the coke is different.
  • the pressure loss was highest when coke was not mixed, whereas the addition of coke significantly reduced the airflow resistance, and this effect increased as the amount of coke increased.
  • the reason for this is that mixing the coke suppresses the deformation of the ore and maintains the voids in the vicinity of the mixed coke, which suppresses the phenomenon in which the voids between the particles decrease due to the deformation of the ore and the ventilation resistance increases. It is thought that.
  • the lump coke means a particle having a particle size of about 30 to 60 mm
  • the small and medium lump coke means a particle having a particle size of about 10 to 30 mm
  • ore raw materials usually have a particle size of about 5 to 25 mm.
  • the particle size of the ore raw material is preferably 10 to 30 mm and the particle size of the coke is preferably 30 to 55 mm. Further, it is preferable that the particle size ratio (coke particle size / ore material particle size) is about 1.0 to 5.5.
  • the inventors investigated the ratio of coke in the mixed layer suitable for reducing pressure loss, that is, improving air permeability (amount of coke / amount of ore raw materials).
  • the mass ratio is about 7 to 25%. It turned out to be preferable. More preferably, it is in the range of 10 to 15%. Note that when a suitable ratio of coke in the mixed layer is converted to a ratio to the total amount of coke, it is about 20 to 95%.
  • the inventors conducted an evaluation test of the mixing ratio of coke in the ore raw material using a charging model device that becomes 1/18 scale of an actual blast furnace simulating the top of the blast furnace as shown in FIG. It was.
  • the raw material particle size is 1/18 times that of the actual blast furnace
  • the raw material charging amount is 1/18 times
  • the charging chute is The turning speed was 1/18 times.
  • FIG. 4 shows the results of examining the change over time in the mixing ratio of coke in the charged raw material when ore and coke are mixed in a bunker or when ore and coke are discharged simultaneously from two bunker.
  • the amount of ore and coke was constant, and the target mixing ratio was set to 0.05.
  • the mixing rate increases in the early and late stages of discharge, and the mixing ratio decreases from the target value (0.05) in the middle of discharging. .
  • the mixing ratio of coke in the ore showed a substantially constant value with respect to the target value. Therefore, it can be seen that co-discharge mixing can control the mixing ratio of coke with higher accuracy than mixing in a bunker.
  • the inventors next investigated the change in the mixing ratio when the discharging speed at the time of simultaneous discharging was variously changed.
  • the quality of the mixing rate was judged by the difference between the maximum mixing rate and the minimum mixing rate in the furnace radial direction.
  • the obtained result is shown in FIG.
  • the difference between the maximum mixing rate and the minimum mixing rate decreases as the material discharge rate increases. That is, it can be seen that the ore and coke can be mixed more uniformly by increasing the discharge rate of the raw material.
  • the discharge speed to 1.5 t / s or more, the difference between the maximum mixing rate and the minimum mixing rate is greatly reduced, and is substantially constant at 1.8 t / s or more.
  • the conventional general raw material discharge rate is about 0.8 to 1.3 t / s, and conventionally, no particular attention has been paid to this discharge rate.
  • the reason why the difference between the maximum mixing ratio and the minimum mixing ratio is reduced by increasing the discharge rate of the charged raw material, that is, the uniformity of the mixed layer is not yet clearly clarified.
  • the inventors speculate as follows.
  • the segregation of the charged raw material is considered to occur because ore having a small particle size is easily affected by the unevenness of the raw material deposition surface when the flow of the charged raw material flows on the stationary raw material deposition surface.
  • the charging speed is increased, the kinetic energy of the charging raw material during the movement of the deposition surface is increased, and the ore having a small particle size is suppressed.
  • the discharge rate of the raw material is increased, the layer thickness of the charged raw material flow increases.
  • the layer thickness of the charged raw material flow is increased, the ratio of particles in contact with the lower surface is relatively decreased, and the influence of unevenness on the lower surface is reduced. From the above, it is presumed that when the charging speed is increased, segregation of the charging raw material is suppressed and the uniformization of the mixed layer is achieved.
  • the shaft pressure is closely monitored, and when the blast furnace charging according to the present invention is continuously performed, if an abnormality is detected in the shaft pressure, the raw material charging method is changed to the normal charging method. It is advantageous to switch to a method in which the ore raw material layer and the coke slit are formed separately, and then after switching to the charging method according to the present invention, once the shaft pressure abnormality is resolved, it is advantageous to operate. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Blast Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

Dans le procédé de fonctionnement de haut-fourneau de la présente invention, une matière de minerai brute telle qu'un minerai fritté, des granulés ou du minerai en morceaux et une matière de coke brute pour un chargement dans un haut-fourneau, sont chargées dans un haut-fourneau à l'aide d'une goulotte rotative, et lors de la formation d'une couche mélangée dans une région prédéterminée à l'intérieur du haut-fourneau par chargement d'une matière brute mélangée comprenant un mélange de la matière de minerai brute et du coke dans le haut-fourneau, l'uniformité de la couche mélangée est améliorée par réglage de la vitesse de décharge de la matière brute mélangée dans le haut-fourneau à 1,5 t/s ou plus.
PCT/JP2013/003172 2012-05-18 2013-05-17 Procédé de chargement d'une matière brute dans un haut-fourneau WO2013172046A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201380025742.3A CN104302788B (zh) 2012-05-18 2013-05-17 向高炉装入原料的方法
EP13790282.1A EP2851434B1 (fr) 2012-05-18 2013-05-17 Procédé de chargement d'une matière brute dans un haut-fourneau
JP2013556696A JP5601426B2 (ja) 2012-05-18 2013-05-17 高炉への原料装入方法
KR1020147032079A KR101630279B1 (ko) 2012-05-18 2013-05-17 고로로의 원료 장입 방법

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2012115055 2012-05-18
JP2012-115055 2012-05-18

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WO2013172046A1 true WO2013172046A1 (fr) 2013-11-21

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EP (1) EP2851434B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5601426B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101630279B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104302788B (fr)
TR (1) TR201903647T4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013172046A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6885528B1 (ja) * 2020-01-29 2021-06-16 Jfeスチール株式会社 高炉への原料装入方法
WO2021152989A1 (fr) * 2020-01-29 2021-08-05 Jfeスチール株式会社 Procédé pour charger une matière première dans un haut-fourneau

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BR112018008267B1 (pt) * 2015-10-28 2021-09-08 Jfe Steel Corporation Método de carregar matéria-prima para dentro de alto-forno
KR102249774B1 (ko) 2019-10-02 2021-05-07 김미경 다기능 목발

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JPH03211210A (ja) 1990-01-16 1991-09-17 Kawasaki Steel Corp ベルレス高炉における原料装入方法
JPH10183210A (ja) * 1996-12-24 1998-07-14 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 高炉操業方法
JP2004107794A (ja) 2002-08-30 2004-04-08 Jfe Steel Kk ベルレス高炉の原料装入方法
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6885528B1 (ja) * 2020-01-29 2021-06-16 Jfeスチール株式会社 高炉への原料装入方法
WO2021152989A1 (fr) * 2020-01-29 2021-08-05 Jfeスチール株式会社 Procédé pour charger une matière première dans un haut-fourneau
CN115023508A (zh) * 2020-01-29 2022-09-06 杰富意钢铁株式会社 向高炉中装入原料的方法

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CN104302788A (zh) 2015-01-21
JP5601426B2 (ja) 2014-10-08
KR20150004840A (ko) 2015-01-13
KR101630279B1 (ko) 2016-06-14
TR201903647T4 (tr) 2019-06-21
EP2851434B1 (fr) 2019-02-20
EP2851434A1 (fr) 2015-03-25
EP2851434A4 (fr) 2015-12-09
CN104302788B (zh) 2016-05-04
JPWO2013172046A1 (ja) 2016-01-12

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