WO2013161959A1 - オゾン水による金属又は金属酸化物のエッチング方法、オゾン水による金属又は金属酸化物表面の平滑化方法、及びオゾン水を用いたパターニング方法 - Google Patents
オゾン水による金属又は金属酸化物のエッチング方法、オゾン水による金属又は金属酸化物表面の平滑化方法、及びオゾン水を用いたパターニング方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013161959A1 WO2013161959A1 PCT/JP2013/062261 JP2013062261W WO2013161959A1 WO 2013161959 A1 WO2013161959 A1 WO 2013161959A1 JP 2013062261 W JP2013062261 W JP 2013062261W WO 2013161959 A1 WO2013161959 A1 WO 2013161959A1
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- metal
- ozone water
- etching
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- water
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- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 23
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 14
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P ceric ammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[Ce+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000089 atomic force micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 ozone ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/02—Local etching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K13/00—Etching, surface-brightening or pickling compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/10—Etching compositions
- C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
- C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F3/00—Brightening metals by chemical means
- C23F3/02—Light metals
- C23F3/03—Light metals with acidic solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F3/00—Brightening metals by chemical means
- C23F3/04—Heavy metals
- C23F3/06—Heavy metals with acidic solutions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3205—Deposition of non-insulating-, e.g. conductive- or resistive-, layers on insulating layers; After-treatment of these layers
- H01L21/321—After treatment
- H01L21/3213—Physical or chemical etching of the layers, e.g. to produce a patterned layer from a pre-deposited extensive layer
- H01L21/32133—Physical or chemical etching of the layers, e.g. to produce a patterned layer from a pre-deposited extensive layer by chemical means only
- H01L21/32134—Physical or chemical etching of the layers, e.g. to produce a patterned layer from a pre-deposited extensive layer by chemical means only by liquid etching only
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for etching a metal or metal oxide with ozone water, a method for smoothing a metal or metal oxide surface with ozone water, and a patterning method using ozone water.
- Etching technology used for patterning in a wide range of fields such as printing, semiconductor devices, and printed wiring boards is indispensable as one of the basic technologies for microfabrication.
- Metal etching can be broadly classified into two types: dry etching using plasma gas and wet etching using chemical reaction in liquid.
- wet etching has a problem that diffusion into the microstructure is slower than gas, and it is not suitable for miniaturization such as deformation or destruction of the structure due to surface tension during drying, and the environmental load due to waste liquid is also large. Since it has the advantage of being capable of etching a large area, it is still widely used today, and it is an indispensable technique especially for printed circuit board wiring patterning and printing plate production in printed electronics.
- Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 the semiconductor industry is attracting attention as a green process technology for cleaning display panels and removing photoresist (see Non-Patent Documents 3 and 4).
- the material to be etched is pretreated with ozone water on the material to be etched (metal material, metal oxide) provided with a resist pattern before etching. Removing fine resist residues adhering to the surface (see Patent Document 1), removing organic substances and metal contaminants adhering to the surface of the substrate by supplying high-concentration ozone water to the substrate (Patent Document 2) See). It is also known that after a logic circuit is formed with copper wiring, the polished copper is ionized with ozone water when the copper surface is smoothed with a polishing pad (see Patent Document 3).
- Patent Document 1 is a resist material that is removed by ozone water.
- Patent Document 2 describes that residues such as metal contaminants can be removed with ozone water
- Patent Document 3 describes that copper can be ionized and removed with ozone water.
- removal of metal using ozone water is performed by combining hydrochloric acid or hydrofluoric acid instead of ozone water alone (Patent Document 4, Non-Patent Document 5).
- Patent Document 4 Non-Patent Document 5
- the addition of hydrochloric acid or hydrofluoric acid is necessary for implementation, and the environmental problem has not been completely solved.
- JP 2002-38282 A JP 2000-164552 A JP 2000-173957 A JP 2005-270830 A
- A. Azarpazhhoo and H. Limeback “The application of zone in density: A systematic review of literature”, DENTISTRY, Vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 104-116 (2008) S. Martinez, J.M. Perez-Parra and R. Suay: “Use of zone in Wastewater Treatment to Produce Water Suiteable for Irritation”, Water Resource Management, Vol. 25, no. 9, pp. 2109-2124 (2011) H. Yanagida, S .; Yoshida, M .; Esashi and S. Tanaka: “Simple Removable technology using zone solution for chemically-stable polymer used for MEMS”, MEMS, pp. 324-327 (2011) Y. Goto, K.K.
- a metal wiring that can be formed on a substrate can be formed without using an etchant that affects the environment by providing a resist that does not dissolve in ozone water as a resist on the metal that dissolves, and then etching with ozone water.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for etching a metal or metal oxide with ozone water, a method for smoothing a metal or metal oxide surface with ozone water, and a patterning method using ozone water.
- the present invention relates to a method for etching a metal or metal oxide with ozone water, a method for smoothing the surface of a metal or metal oxide with ozone water, and a patterning method using ozone water.
- a method of etching metal or metal oxide with ozone water in which only ozone is dissolved in water (2) The above-mentioned (1), wherein the metal or metal oxide is ionized directly or through an intermediate product at a pH of 4.3 to 4.4 and a redox potential of +2.07 in the ozone water. The etching method as described in. (3) The etching method according to (1) or (2) above, wherein ultrasonic vibration and / or ultraviolet irradiation is performed during etching. (4) A method for smoothing a metal or metal oxide surface with ozone water in which only ozone is dissolved in water.
- the metal or metal oxide is ionized directly or through an intermediate product at a pH of 4.3 to 4.4 and an oxidation-reduction potential of +2.07 in the ozone water.
- the patterning method according to (7) above which is a metal that has a pH of 4.3 to 4.4, an oxidation-reduction potential of +2.07, and does not dissolve in ozone water.
- the present invention can etch a metal or a metal oxide with only ozone water without using a conventionally used etchant such as hydrochloric acid or hydrofluoric acid.
- a conventionally used etchant such as hydrochloric acid or hydrofluoric acid.
- the waste liquid problem to give does not occur at all.
- the conventional etchant changed the etchant according to the metal to be etched, a plurality of types of etchant solutions were prepared, and a waste liquid treatment system corresponding to the etchant was required. Since many metals used in the process can be etched, it is not necessary to change the etchant according to the metal species, and a waste liquid treatment apparatus is not required, so that the etching can be performed efficiently.
- ozone water is useful not only for etching metal or metal oxide, but also for smoothing the surface at the atomic level, so that it is useful for producing highly accurate nanodevices.
- the metal removed by etching is ionized and dissolved in ozone water, so that resources such as etched noble metals and rare metals are effective. Can be used.
- a metal that does not dissolve in ozone water such as Ti, is deposited as a resist on a metal that can be etched with ozone water, and then etched with ozone water. Patterning can also be performed with
- FIG. 1 shows the pH-redox potential relationship for various metals.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an outline of the experimental apparatus used in the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the measurement results of the etching rate of Cr, and shows the relationship between the temperature and concentration of ozone water and the etching rate of Cr.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the measurement results of the Ni etching rate, and shows the relationship between the temperature and concentration of ozone water and the Ni etching rate.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the measurement result of the etching rate of Al, and shows the relationship between the temperature and concentration of ozone water and the etching rate of Al.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the measurement results of the etching rate of Cr, and shows the relationship between the temperature and concentration of ozone water and the etching rate of Cr.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the measurement results of the Ni etching rate, and shows the relationship between the temperature and concentration of ozone water and the Ni
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the measurement result of the etching rate of Au, and shows the relationship between the temperature and concentration of ozone water and the etching rate of Au.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of measurement of the etching rate of Ti, and shows the relationship between the temperature and concentration of ozone water and the etching rate of Ti.
- FIG. 8 represents an Arrhenius plot obtained by taking the logarithm of the slope of the approximate line linearly approximated by the least square method of FIGS. 3 to 7 as the vertical axis and the inverse of the temperature as the horizontal axis.
- FIG. 8 represents an Arrhenius plot obtained by taking the logarithm of the slope of the approximate line linearly approximated by the least square method of FIGS. 3 to 7 as the vertical axis and the inverse of the temperature as the horizontal axis.
- FIG. 9 is an AMF image of a Cr sample (a) before etching, (b) after etching with a conventional etchant, and (c) after etching with ozone water.
- FIG. 10 is an AMF image of a Ni sample (a) before etching, (b) after etching with a conventional etchant, and (c) after etching with ozone water.
- FIG. 11 is an AMF image of an Al sample (a) before etching, (b) after etching with a conventional etchant, and (c) after etching with ozone water.
- FIG. 10 is an AMF image of a Ni sample (a) before etching, (b) after etching with a conventional etchant, and (c) after etching with ozone water.
- FIG. 11 is an AMF image of an Al sample (a) before etching, (b) after etching with a conventional etchant, and (c) after etch
- FIG. 12 is an AMF image of an Au sample (a) before etching, (b) after etching with a conventional etchant, and (c) after etching with ozone water.
- FIG. 13 is an AMF image of a Ti sample before (a) etching and (b) after etching with ozone water.
- FIG. 14 is a graph showing changes in surface roughness after a Cr sample is etched with ozone water for a predetermined time.
- FIG. 15 is an AMF image after the Cr sample is etched with ozone water for a predetermined time.
- the etching method of the metal or metal oxide by ozone water of the present invention the smoothing method of the metal or metal oxide surface by ozone water, and the patterning method using ozone water will be described more specifically. .
- the ozone water of the present invention is characterized in that only ozone is dissolved in water.
- Conventionally used metal etchants include hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid, perchloric acid, phosphoric acid, ceric ammonium nitrate, iodine, potassium iodide, tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH), hydroxide Since potassium (KOH), hydrogen peroxide solution, acetic acid, and the like are used, the waste liquid cannot be discarded as it is due to the influence on the environment, and there is a problem that the cost increases because it is disposed after being treated.
- ozone water is used for cleaning, but hydrochloric acid or the like is added when dissolving metal residues, Ozone water was only an auxiliary role.
- conventional usage of ozone water is characterized by removing impurities such as resist compounds and metal residues, and does not etch bulk metal itself.
- the ozone water of the present invention etches the bulk metal or metal oxide itself, or smoothes the surface of the bulk metal or metal oxide (hereinafter referred to as etching). And smoothing may be simply described as “etching”) (hereinafter, metal and metal oxide may be simply described as “metal”).
- the ozone water of the present invention is prepared by dissolving ozone generated from oxygen in water, and any water such as tap water, distilled water, or ultrapure water may be used as water. It is not included, and ultrapure water is preferable because the quality is stable.
- the concentration of ozone water is preferably about 2 ppm or more, although it depends on the type and temperature of the metal to be dissolved. If the concentration is lower than 2 ppm, the etching rate of the metal is too slow to be practical. If it is about 2 ppm or more, the etching rate is improved in proportion to the concentration of ozone water.
- the temperature of ozone water during etching is preferably 20 to 60 ° C, and particularly preferably 40 to 60 ° C. Below 20 ° C., the metal etching rate is too slow to be practical. A temperature higher than 60 ° C. is not preferable because the etching rate increases, but ozone decomposition also increases. Since the etching rate greatly depends on the ozone concentration and temperature, the etching rate may be appropriately adjusted according to the type of metal to be etched and the depth to be etched. In the implementation, an ozone concentration monitoring device may be provided to adjust the supply amount of ozone so as to obtain a desired ozone concentration. Furthermore, you may adjust so that the temperature of ozone water may become constant using a heater etc.
- Etching can be performed by immersing metal in ozone water or spraying or showering ozone water on the metal.
- ultrasonic vibration may be applied during etching.
- you may use together the ultraviolet irradiation emitted from a low pressure mercury lamp. For example, by irradiating vacuum water with a wavelength of 172 nm vacuum ultraviolet light in water or titanium oxide in water, it is possible to return oxygen in water to ozone and increase the ozone concentration.
- the time for etching the metal may be appropriately adjusted according to the type and depth of the metal to be etched, the concentration of ozone water, and the temperature.
- the metal whose etching or surface is smoothed according to the present invention is finally ionized only with ozone water, such as one that is directly ionized with ozone water or one that is ionized via an intermediate product such as hydroxide or oxide.
- ozone water such as one that is directly ionized with ozone water or one that is ionized via an intermediate product such as hydroxide or oxide.
- an intermediate product such as hydroxide or oxide.
- the present inventors dissolved ozone of 10 mg / L or more in water, the redox potential was stabilized at about +2.07 regardless of the ozone concentration, and the pH was slightly different depending on the temperature. Newly found to be stable at 3 to 4.4.
- the reaction product when the metal reacts with the solution can be predicted to some extent from the pH and redox potential as shown in the pH-redox potential diagram for various metals in FIG.
- the concentration of ozone water is
- Au exhibits an activation energy that is nearly twice as low as that of other metals, so that other metals are oxidized and ionized, whereas Au is hydroxide. Therefore, the activation energy is different only by Au due to the difference in the etching mechanism, and it is considered that the etching is progressing though it is slow.
- Ti is considered to prevent etching from progressing because Ti 2 O 3 which is passive is formed.
- metals that are ionized directly with ozone water or ionized and etched through intermediate products such as hydroxide or oxide include Cu, Ag, Fe, Examples include, but are not limited to, Pt, Mn, Zn, Pd, and Ir.
- the metal can be dissolved and etched with ozone water as described above, but the feature is that the surface of the metal can be smoothed at the atomic level as compared with a conventionally used etchant. .
- the smoothing referred to in the present invention does not mean that organic substances or metal residues on the substrate are dissolved and removed with an etchant, or that the surface is smoothed by polishing with an abrasive. It means that the surface of the metal is smoothed at the atomic level by dissolving with ozone water.
- ozone ions have the same size as water molecules and are very small as molecules compared to conventional etchants, and ozone has a high diffusion coefficient. It is thought that it is easier to enter between. Further, metal atoms protruding from the surface can be sharpened more quickly because they have large defects and thus have high reactivity and a large surface area / volume ratio. Furthermore, ozone is considered to have a tendency not to depend on the crystal orientation, and the fact that no crystal plane appears on the metal surface after etching is considered to be one of the reasons for smoothing. Further, some of the conventional etchants dissolve a metal while forming a compound with the metal, and the compound formed on the metal surface may accumulate to form irregularities. However, since ozone does not form such a compound, it does not form irregularities on the surface.
- Etching or smoothing speed of metal with ozone water depends on the concentration and temperature of ozone water, but is slower than the speed with conventional etchant, but the required etching depth, degree of smoothing, processing time, etc. In terms of conditions, it is effective as a highly accurate smoothing method and further as a smoothing method at the atomic level.
- the smoothing speed is required, the surface may be smoothed to some extent by a conventionally used polishing method or the like, and the final finishing may be performed by the smoothing method of the present invention.
- the atomic level etching or smoothing treatment with ozone water of the present invention is a sufficiently practical speed, and by adjusting the temperature and concentration of ozone water, very fine etching can be controlled. It is very useful for the fabrication of nanodevices.
- a metal isolation process may be necessary.
- metals can be recovered simply by drying, so that noble metals such as gold and rare metals can be easily recovered, and resources can be reused.
- ozone water is decomposed into oxygen and water if left standing, so that the rinse after the etching or smoothing process is sufficient only with water, and the manufacturing process of semiconductors and the like can be simplified, The problem of waste liquid is also eliminated.
- the metal can be etched or the metal surface can be smoothed only with ozone water, but the metal can be insolubilized or ionized by adjusting the pH of the ozone water. Therefore, within a range that does not deviate from the purpose of not affecting the environment of the present invention, a pH adjusting agent or the like is added to ozone water, and a metal that cannot be ionized at the pH and oxidation-reduction potential of ozone water alone is ionized. For example, a metal that is ionized in two stages, such as Au, may be directly ionized. Examples of the pH adjuster that does not affect the environment include sodium hydrogen carbonate, carbon dioxide gas, ammonium carbonate and the like. When the pH is brought to the alkali side, although the lifetime of ozone is shortened, the etching rate can be increased by 10 times or more.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an outline of the experimental apparatus used in the present invention.
- Ozone is generated from the raw oxygen gas 1 by the ozone generator 2 (ED-OG-R4, Ecodesign Co., Ltd.) and supplied to the ultrapure water in the beaker 4 through the gas bubbler-3.
- Water 5 was prepared.
- the etching experiment was performed by immersing the sample substrate 6 in the ozone water 5 for a predetermined time.
- the ozone water is constantly stirred by the stirrer 7 during the etching, and the dissolved ozone concentration is measured using an absorption-type dissolved ozone concentration meter (O3-3F, Kasahara Chemical Co., Ltd.) ))). Furthermore, in evaluating the temperature dependence of etching, the liquid temperature was kept constant by the external heater 8.
- sample substrate 6 for etching evaluation is patterned such that various metal films are deposited by vacuum deposition on an optically polished (surface roughness 1 nm or less) glass substrate, and the metal surface and the glass surface appear alternately by photolithography. It was produced by performing.
- the etching rate was evaluated by measuring the height from the glass surface to the metal surface before and after etching. For the measurement, an optical interference type surface shape measuring device (WYKO NT 9100A, Bruker AXS) was used. Under each condition, the average of 5 sites on the substrate was taken as the measured value.
- Example 1 A sample substrate on which Cr was vapor-deposited was prepared according to the above-mentioned [Production of sample substrate 6] procedure. Etching was performed by changing the dissolved ozone concentration and temperature (25 ° C., 40 ° C., 55 ° C.). After the etching, the sample substrate 6 was sufficiently rinsed with ultrapure water and then dried and used for subsequent evaluation. The etching rate was measured by the above-mentioned procedure [Evaluation of etching rate].
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the measurement results. The vertical axis of the graph represents the etching rate, the horizontal axis represents the ozone concentration, and the error bar represents each standard deviation. The solid line represents an approximate line obtained by linear approximation by the least square method. The same applies to FIGS. 4 to 7 below.
- Example 2 The etching rate was measured in the same procedure as in Example 1 except that Ni was used as the metal.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the measurement results.
- Example 3 The etching rate was measured in the same procedure as in Example 1 except that Al was used as the metal.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the measurement results.
- Example 4 The etching rate was measured in the same procedure as in Example 1 except that Au was used as the metal.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the measurement results.
- Example 1 The etching rate was measured in the same procedure as in Example 1 except that Ti was used as the metal.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the measurement results.
- FIG. 8 represents an Arrhenius plot obtained by taking the logarithm of the slope of the approximate line linearly approximated by the least square method of FIGS. 3 to 7 as the vertical axis and the inverse of temperature as the horizontal axis. From the linearity of the Arrhenius plot, it was confirmed that the etching reaction follows the Arrhenius equation.
- the activation energy (slope of the plot) is almost the same for Al, Cr, and Ni.
- Au shows an activation energy that is twice or more smaller, so the etching mechanism of Al, Cr, and Ni Are similar and are considered to have an etching mechanism different from that of Au. Note that the activation energy of Ti in FIG. 8 is not an etched material but an activation energy obtained from the increased film thickness.
- FIG. 9A shows an AMF image at an arbitrary position in the sample before etching
- FIG. 9C shows an AMF image at an arbitrary position in the sample after etching according to Example 5. Note that Rq (nm) at the lower left of each image in FIGS. 9 to 13 and 15 represents the root mean square roughness at any one location in the sample.
- the chemicals in Comparative Examples 2 to 6 were all manufactured by Kanto Chemical.
- FIG. 9B shows an AMF image at an arbitrary position in the sample after etching according to Comparative Example 2.
- Example 6 Surface roughness was measured in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the sample was Ni and the immersion time was about 6 hours.
- FIG. 10A shows an AMF image at an arbitrary position in the sample before etching
- FIG. 10C shows an AMF image at an arbitrary position in the sample after etching according to Example 6.
- FIG. 10B shows an AMF image at an arbitrary position in the sample after etching according to Comparative Example 3.
- Example 7 The surface roughness was measured in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the sample was Al and the immersion time was about 2.5 hours.
- FIG. 11A shows an AMF image at an arbitrary position in the sample before etching
- FIG. 11C shows an AMF image at an arbitrary position in the sample after etching according to Example 7.
- Example 4 The surface roughness was measured in the same manner as in Example 7 except that a mixed acid of phosphoric acid 80% + nitric acid 5% + acetic acid 10% + water 5% was used as the etchant and the immersion time was 10 seconds.
- FIG. 11B shows an AMF image at an arbitrary position in the sample after etching according to Comparative Example 4.
- Example 8 Surface roughness was measured in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the sample was Au and the immersion time was about 60 hours.
- 12A shows an AMF image at an arbitrary position in the sample before etching
- FIG. 12C shows an AMF image at an arbitrary position in the sample after etching according to Example 8.
- FIG. 12A shows an AMF image at an arbitrary position in the sample before etching
- FIG. 12C shows an AMF image at an arbitrary position in the sample after etching according to Example 8.
- Example 5 The surface roughness was measured in the same manner as in Example 8 except that an aqueous solution of 5% iodine + 10% potassium iodide was used as the etchant and the immersion time was 15 seconds.
- FIG. 12B shows an AMF image at an arbitrary position in the sample after etching according to Comparative Example 5.
- FIG. 13A shows an AMF image at an arbitrary position in the sample before etching
- FIG. 13B shows an AMF image at an arbitrary position in the sample after etching according to Comparative Example 6.
- Table 1 shows a summary of Rq (nm) obtained from any 15 AFM images of Examples 5 to 8 and Comparative Examples 2 to 6.
- the surface after the etching with ozone water is smoother than after the etching by the conventional method, but the surface is rougher than before the etching. This is because the pH of ozone water is 4.3 and the oxidation-reduction potential is near +2.07 V. Ni in contact with ozone water is near the boundary where it becomes Ni 2+ and NiO (OH). It is thought that it was formed. However, as described above, the pH of the ozone water can be adjusted by adding a pH adjuster to the ozone water within a range that does not affect the environment. Therefore, when Ni is dissolved, Ni directly becomes Ni 2+. A pH lowering agent may be added to ozone water.
- Example 9 [Time dependency of surface roughness]
- etching time dependence of the surface roughness was examined using Cr as a sample.
- etching with ozone water having a temperature of 55 ° C. and a dissolved ozone concentration of 1.62 mg / L was performed, and the smoothing process of the surface with the lapse of the etching time was evaluated by AFM.
- FIG. 14 is a graph showing a change in surface roughness due to etching after a lapse of a predetermined time, and each point of the graph is an average value of five samples.
- FIG. 15 shows an AFM image at an arbitrary position in each sample after a predetermined time has elapsed.
- the Cr film having an average surface roughness Rq of about 5.4 nm in the initial state reaches an average of about 1.5 nm after 12.5 hours.
- the AFM image shown in FIG. 15 it is clear that the height of the surface convex portion is reduced and the surface is smoothed over time. This is considered to be because a portion having a small sharp radius of curvature on the metal surface, that is, a portion having a high surface area / volume ratio, was etched earlier.
- the metal can be etched or smoothed with only ozone water without using an etchant that gives a load to the environment, it is expected to be applied to the manufacture of semiconductor devices and the like without giving a load to the environment.
- the metal can be etched or smoothed at the atomic level, it is useful for manufacturing devices at the atomic level. It is expected to be used in the manufacture of various metal parts and materials in the field of semiconductors and the like.
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Abstract
Description
(2)前記金属又は金属酸化物が、前記オゾン水中で、pHが4.3~4.4、酸化還元電位が+2.07で直接又は中間生成物を経てイオン化されるものである上記(1)に記載のエッチング方法。
(3)エッチングの際に、超音波振動及び/又は紫外線照射を行う上記(1)又は(2)に記載のエッチング方法。
(4)オゾンのみを水に溶解したオゾン水による金属又は金属酸化物表面の平滑化方法。
(5)前記金属又は金属酸化物が、前記オゾン水中で、pHが4.3~4.4、酸化還元電位が+2.07で直接又は中間生成物を経てイオン化されるものである上記(4)に記載の平滑化方法。
(6)平滑化の際に、超音波振動及び/又は紫外線照射を行う上記(4)又は(5)に記載の平滑化方法。
(7)オゾンのみを水に溶解したオゾン水でエッチングできる金属又は金属酸化物上に、前記オゾン水に溶解しない金属をレジストとして設け、前記オゾン水でエッチングするパターニング方法。
(8)前記金属又は金属酸化物が、前記オゾン水中で、pHが4.3~4.4、酸化還元電位が+2.07で直接又は中間生成物を経てイオン化されるもので、前記レジストが、pHが4.3~4.4、酸化還元電位が+2.07でオゾン水に溶解しない金属である上記(7)に記載のパターニング方法。
(9)エッチングの際に、超音波振動及び/又は紫外線照射を行う上記(7)又は(8)に記載のパターニング方法。
図2は、本発明で用いた実験装置の概要を表す図である。オゾンは、原料となる酸素ガス1からオゾン発生装置2(ED-OG-R4、エコデザイン(株))で生成し、ガスバブラ-3を通じて、ビーカー4内の超純水中に供給することでオゾン水5を作製した。エッチング実験は、サンプル基板6をオゾン水5に所定の時間浸清することで行った。オゾン水中のオゾン濃度を均一にするため、エッチング中はスターラー7で常にオゾン水の撹拌を行いつつ、溶存オゾン濃度を、図示しない吸光式の溶存オゾン濃度計(O3-3F、笠原理化工業(株)製)でモニターした。さらにエッチングの温度依存性の評価に当たっては、外部ヒーター8によって液温も一定に保った。
エッチング評価用のサンプル基板6は、光学研磨(表面粗さ1nm以下)したガラス基板上に、真空蒸着で各種金属膜を着膜させ、フォトリソグラフィで金属面とガラス面が交互に現れるようなパターニングを行うことで作製した。
エッチング速度は、エッチング前後におけるガラス面から金属面までの高さを測定することで評価した。測定には、光干渉型表面形状測定装置(WYKO NT 9100A、Bruker AXS)を使用した。各条件において、基板上の5部位を測定した平均を測定値とした。
各金属のオゾン水エッチング後の表面粗さ、及び各金属を従来の代表的なエッチング液によるエッチング後の表面粗さを比較して評価した。従来のエッチング法とオゾン水エッチングのいずれの場合でも、約30nmエッチング後に表面粗さを評価した。エッチング後の表面粗さは、原子間力顕微鏡(AMF)(VN-8010、KEYENCE)を用いて、基板上の任意の5μm×5μmの領域15箇所における二乗平均平方根粗さ(Rq:JIS 1994)で評価した。
(実施例1)
上記〔サンプル基板6の作製〕手順により、Crを蒸着したサンプル基板を作製した。溶存オゾン濃度および温度を変化させ(25℃、40℃、55℃)、エッチングを行った。エッチング後は、サンプル基板6を超純水で十分リンスを行った後に乾燥させ、その後の評価に使用した。エッチング速度は、上記〔エッチング速度の評価〕の手順により測定した。図3は、測定結果を表すグラフである。なお、グラフの縦軸はエッチング速度、横軸はオゾン濃度、エラーバーは各標準偏差を示す。また、実線は最小二乗法にて直線近似した近似線を示す。以下の図4~7も同様である。
金属としてNiを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の手順でエッチング速度を測定した。図4は、測定結果を表すグラフである。
金属としてAlを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の手順でエッチング速度を測定した。図5は、測定結果を表すグラフである。
金属としてAuを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の手順でエッチング速度を測定した。図6は、測定結果を表すグラフである。
金属としてTiを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の手順でエッチング速度を測定した。図7は、測定結果を表すグラフである。
(実施例5)
上記〔サンプル基板6の作製〕の手順により作製したCrサンプルを、温度25℃、オゾン濃度10.81mg/Lのオゾン水で約4時間浸漬し、約30nmエッチングした。エッチング後は、サンプル基板6を超純水で十分リンスを行った後に乾燥させ、その後の評価に使用した。表面粗さは、上記〔エッチング後の表面粗さ評価〕の手順で測定した。図9(a)はエッチング前のサンプルの中の任意の1箇所のAMF画像、図9(c)は実施例5によりエッチングした後のサンプルの中の任意の1箇所のAMF画像を表す。なお、図9~13、15の各画像左下のRq(nm)は、サンプルの中の任意の1箇所の二乗平均平方根粗さを表す。
エッチャントに、硝酸第2セリウムアンモニウム+過塩素酸+水=165g+43mL+水(合計液量1L)の混酸を用い、浸漬時間を30秒とした以外は、実施例5と同様の手順で表面粗さを測定した。なお、比較例2~6の薬品類は、全て関東化学社製のものを用いた。図9(b)は、比較例2によりエッチングした後のサンプルの中の任意の1箇所のAMF画像を表す。
サンプルをNiとし、浸漬時間を約6時間とした以外は、実施例5と同様に表面粗さを測定した。図10(a)はエッチング前のサンプルの中の任意の1箇所のAMF画像、図10(c)は実施例6によりエッチングした後のサンプルの中の任意の1箇所のAMF画像を表す。
エッチャントに、塩酸85%+15%硝酸の混酸を用い、浸漬時間を15秒とした以外は、実施例6と同様の手順で表面粗さを測定した。図10(b)は、比較例3によりエッチングした後のサンプルの中の任意の1箇所のAMF画像を表す。
サンプルをAlとし、浸漬時間を約2.5時間とした以外は、実施例5と同様に表面粗さを測定した。図11(a)はエッチング前のサンプルの中の任意の1箇所のAMF画像、図11(c)は実施例7によりエッチングした後のサンプルの中の任意の1箇所のAMF画像を表す。
エッチャントに、リン酸80%+硝酸5%+酢酸10%+水5%の混酸を用い、浸漬時間を10秒とした以外は、実施例7と同様の手順で表面粗さを測定した。図11(b)は、比較例4によりエッチングした後のサンプルの中の任意の1箇所のAMF画像を表す。
サンプルをAuとし、浸漬時間を約60時間とした以外は、実施例5と同様に表面粗さを測定した。図12(a)はエッチング前のサンプルの中の任意の1箇所のAMF画像、図12(c)は実施例8によりエッチングした後のサンプルの中の任意の1箇所のAMF画像を表す。
エッチャントに、ヨウ素5%+ヨウ化カリウム10%水溶液を用い、浸漬時間を15秒とした以外は、実施例8と同様の手順で表面粗さを測定した。図12(b)は、比較例5によりエッチングした後のサンプルの中の任意の1箇所のAMF画像を表す。
上記のとおり、サンプルがTiの場合は、オゾン水でエッチングされないことから、従来エッチャントとの表面粗さを比較はせずに、浸漬時間を約24時間とした以外は、実施例5と同様に表面粗さを測定した。図13(a)はエッチング前のサンプルの中の任意の1箇所のAMF画像、図13(b)は比較例6によりエッチングした後のサンプルの中の任意の1箇所のAMF画像を表す。
(実施例9)
次に、表面平滑化効果を調べる為、Crをサンプルとして表面粗さのエッチング時間依存性を調べた。まず、比較例2のエッチャントを用いてエッチングを行い、Rq=約5.4nmの表面が粗いCrサンプルを準備した。その後、温度55℃、溶存オゾン濃度1.62mg/Lのオゾン水によるエッチングを行い、エッチング時間の経過に伴う表面の平滑化過程をAFMで評価した。図14は、所定時間経過後のエッチングによる表面粗さの変化を表すグラフで、グラフの各点はサンプル数5の平均値である。図15は、所定時間経過後の各サンプル中の任意の一箇所のAFM画像を表す。
Claims (9)
- オゾンのみを水に溶解したオゾン水による金属又は金属酸化物のエッチング方法。
- 前記金属又は金属酸化物が、前記オゾン水中で、pHが4.3~4.4、酸化還元電位が+2.07で直接又は中間生成物を経てイオン化されるものである請求項1に記載のエッチング方法。
- エッチングの際に、超音波振動及び/又は紫外線照射を行う請求項1又は2に記載のエッチング方法。
- オゾンのみを水に溶解したオゾン水による金属又は金属酸化物表面の平滑化方法。
- 前記金属又は金属酸化物が、前記オゾン水中で、pHが4.3~4.4、酸化還元電位が+2.07で直接又は中間生成物を経てイオン化されるものである請求項4に記載の平滑化方法。
- 平滑化の際に、超音波振動及び/又は紫外線照射を行う請求項4又は5に記載の平滑化方法。
- オゾンのみを水に溶解したオゾン水でエッチングできる金属又は金属酸化物上に、前記オゾン水に溶解しない金属をレジストとして設け、前記オゾン水でエッチングするパターニング方法。
- 前記金属又は金属酸化物が、前記オゾン水中で、pHが4.3~4.4、酸化還元電位が+2.07で直接又は中間生成物を経てイオン化されるもので、前記レジストが、pHが4.3~4.4、酸化還元電位が+2.07でオゾン水に溶解しない金属である請求項7に記載のパターニング方法。
- エッチングの際に、超音波振動及び/又は紫外線照射を行う請求項7又は8に記載のパターニング方法。
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