WO2013114699A1 - 燃料電池車両 - Google Patents
燃料電池車両 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013114699A1 WO2013114699A1 PCT/JP2012/079238 JP2012079238W WO2013114699A1 WO 2013114699 A1 WO2013114699 A1 WO 2013114699A1 JP 2012079238 W JP2012079238 W JP 2012079238W WO 2013114699 A1 WO2013114699 A1 WO 2013114699A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0053—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to fuel cells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
- B60L50/72—Constructional details of fuel cells specially adapted for electric vehicles
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- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
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- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
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- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/40—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
- H01M8/04447—Concentration; Density of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04949—Electric variables other electric variables, e.g. resistance or impedance
- H01M8/04953—Electric variables other electric variables, e.g. resistance or impedance of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B60L2240/549—Current
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell vehicle in which driving wheels are driven by a motor using electric power generated by a fuel cell system.
- Patent Document 1 discloses detection of hydrogen leakage when power generation of a fuel cell system is stopped.
- Patent Document 2 discloses detection of hydrogen leakage when the system is in a dormant state.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a system for detecting an abnormality such as hydrogen leakage. In the technologies disclosed in these Patent Documents 1 to 3, the power source of the device for detecting hydrogen leakage is always turned on.
- JP 2005-223535 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-4013 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-214027
- a fuel cell vehicle is equipped with a fuel cell system (including a hydrogen tank and piping) and a motor, generates electric power by the fuel cell system, and drives the motor to drive the drive wheels to travel. It is.
- a fuel cell vehicle it is necessary to mount a hydrogen leakage sensor for detecting hydrogen and monitor the leakage of hydrogen from the fuel cell system.
- a hydrogen leakage sensor for detecting hydrogen and monitor the leakage of hydrogen from the fuel cell system.
- the hydrogen leak sensor and the control device for detecting hydrogen by the hydrogen leak sensor maintain the power supply, and hydrogen leaks even after the ignition is turned off. It needs to be detected.
- the power source of the hydrogen leakage sensor and the control device is maintained for a long time even after the ignition is turned off, the amount of power stored in the control capacitor that supplies power to these sensors decreases. Therefore, the vehicle may not be able to run the next time when the vehicle is driven by turning on the ignition switch.
- An object of the present invention is to make it possible to detect the hydrogen leaked from the fuel cell system during traveling even after the traveling is stopped, and to reduce the power consumption of the capacitor that generates the power supply for control.
- a driving wheel, a motor that drives the driving wheel, a fuel cell system that generates electric power and supplies the electric power to the motor, and electric power generated by the fuel cell system are supplied to the motor.
- a fuel cell vehicle comprising a battery that stores electricity to supply, a hydrogen leakage sensor that detects the presence or absence of hydrogen leaking from the fuel cell system, the fuel cell system and the battery are controlled, and the hydrogen
- a first control unit that determines whether or not the hydrogen is leaked by a leakage sensor; a power storage unit that stores power to be supplied to the hydrogen leakage sensor and the first control unit; and when the ignition is turned off, Unless the hydrogen leak is detected by the hydrogen leak sensor, the hydrogen leak sensor and the first control from the power storage unit for a predetermined time period. Maintaining the power supply to, then a fuel cell vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a second control unit that stops the power supply.
- Another aspect of the present invention is that in the form of (1), the fact that the hydrogen leak detector continues to detect hydrogen leaking from the fuel cell system after the ignition is turned off is the fact of the leak. It is further characterized by further comprising a first notifying unit for notifying.
- (3) Another embodiment of the present invention is the configuration of (2), further comprising a storage amount detection sensor that detects a storage amount of the storage unit, wherein the second control unit is the storage amount detection sensor. When the detected power storage amount falls below a predetermined constant value, the power to the hydrogen leak sensor and the control unit is maintained during the predetermined constant time or during notification by the first notification unit. The supply is stopped.
- the history storage unit stores a history of the fact of hydrogen leakage, and prohibits the vehicle from traveling.
- the travel prohibition unit is further provided.
- (1) it is possible to detect the hydrogen leaked from the fuel cell system during traveling of the fuel cell vehicle even after the traveling is stopped, and to reduce the power consumption of the capacitor that generates the control power source. Can be.
- (2) it is possible to know that a person around the fuel cell vehicle is leaking hydrogen from the fuel cell system, and it is possible to respond appropriately.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing electrical connection of the fuel cell vehicle 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the fuel cell vehicle 1 drives drive wheels 12 by a motor 11.
- the fuel cell system 13 generates electric power.
- the high voltage battery 14 stores the electric power generated by the fuel cell system 13.
- the electric power generated by the fuel cell system 13 or the stored electric power of the high voltage battery 14 is converted into an alternating current by the inverter 15, and the motor 11 is driven by the alternating current power.
- the hydrogen leakage sensor 16 is a sensor for detecting leakage of hydrogen used in the fuel cell system 13.
- the 12V battery 21 is a battery for supplying a 12V DC power source 27 to each unit as a control power source, and constitutes a power storage unit.
- the 12V battery 21 is charged via the DC / DC converter 22 using the high voltage battery 14 as a power source.
- the voltage sensor 25 has a function as a charge amount detection sensor that detects the voltage of the 12V battery 21 and detects the charge amount of the 12V battery 21.
- the vehicle controller 23 is a control device mainly composed of a microcomputer, and controls each part intensively.
- the vehicle controller 23 can communicate with the fuel cell system 13, the high voltage battery 14, the inverter 15, and the like by CAN (Controller Area Network), and can control these devices.
- the vehicle controller 23 implement
- the vehicle controller 23 implement
- the indicator 26 can display various messages to the driver by a control signal from the vehicle controller 23.
- the outside buzzer 28 can generate a warning sound.
- the vehicle outside buzzer 28 implements a first notification unit.
- the indicator 26 implements a second notification unit.
- the DC / DC relay 31 is a relay for connecting or disconnecting the line 32 connecting the high voltage battery 14 and the DC / DC converter 22. When the DC / DC relay 31 is turned on, the 12V battery 21 can be charged with the power of the high voltage battery 14.
- the high voltage relay 33 is a relay for connecting or disconnecting between the line 34 and the line 32 that connect the fuel cell system 13 and the inverter 15. When the high voltage relay 33 is turned on, the high voltage battery 14 can be charged with the generated power of the fuel cell system 13 and the power of the high voltage battery 14 can be supplied to the motor 11. The high voltage relay 33 is turned on and off by outputting a control signal from the vehicle controller 23.
- the self-holding relay 35 is a relay for supplying control power from the DC power supply 27 to the vehicle controller 23, the fuel cell system 13, the high voltage battery 14, the inverter 15, or the like, or stopping the supply.
- the self-holding relay 35 is turned on / off by outputting a control signal from the vehicle controller 23.
- the switching element 41 composed of a transistor is an element for turning on and off the self-holding relay 35.
- the hydrogen leakage sensor 16 obtains electric power from the DC power supply 27 via the vehicle controller 23, is driven by a control signal from the vehicle controller 23, and is grounded via the vehicle controller 23. Further, the detection signal of the voltage sensor 25 is also taken into the vehicle controller 23. Next, the contents of the control executed by the vehicle controller 23 will be described. 2 and 3 are flowcharts showing the contents of the control.
- the vehicle controller 23 controls the gate of the switching element 41 of the control signal.
- the self-holding relay 35 is kept on (step S2), and the power source of the vehicle controller 23 is kept on.
- whether or not hydrogen has leaked from the fuel cell system 13 at the hydrogen leak sensor 16 when the ignition switch 42 was previously turned off is stored as a history in the nonvolatile memory of the vehicle controller 23 (details will be described later).
- the vehicle controller 23 reads out the history information, and displays a warning on the indicator 26 if a history indicating that hydrogen has leaked is recorded (step S2).
- the alarm notification may be performed not only by displaying the indicator 26 but also by voice or the like.
- the vehicle controller 23 determines whether or not there is a hydrogen leak in the fuel cell system 13 when the vehicle 1 was started last time based on the read history (step S3).
- the vehicle controller 23 determines whether or not hydrogen leak in the fuel cell system 13 can be detected by the hydrogen leak sensor 16 (Step S4).
- the vehicle controller 23 activates the entire system of the vehicle 1 and sets the vehicle 1 in a travelable state (Step S5). That is, the motor 11 can be driven by electric power supplied from the fuel cell system 13 and the high voltage battery 14.
- step S3 when there was a hydrogen leak in the fuel cell system 13 at the previous start of the vehicle 1 (Y in step S3), or when a hydrogen leak was detected after turning on the ignition switch 42 (step (Y of S4), the vehicle controller 23 performs the display which warns of hydrogen leakage on the indicator 26 (step S6). In this case, the system of the vehicle 1 cannot be started (step S6). That is, the vehicle controller 23 disables the vehicle 1 from running by preventing the power supply from the fuel cell system 13 and the high voltage battery 14 to the motor 11.
- the vehicle controller 23 records in the nonvolatile memory of the vehicle controller 23 the history of the occurrence of an abnormality that the hydrogen leak of the fuel cell system 13 has been detected. Then, the self-holding relay 35 is turned off by turning off the control signal to the switching element 41 (step S16), and the vehicle controller 23 itself is also turned off.
- step S5 After the entire system of the vehicle 1 is activated and the vehicle 1 is allowed to travel (step S5), when hydrogen leakage is detected by the hydrogen leakage sensor 16 (Y in step S8), the vehicle controller 23 displays an indicator. A display to warn of hydrogen leakage is given to 26 (step S9). In this case, the vehicle controller 23 turns off the traveling system of the vehicle 1 so that the vehicle 1 cannot travel (step S9). That is, the vehicle controller 23 stops the motor 11 and stops power supply from the fuel cell system 13 and the high voltage battery 14 to the motor 11. After that, when the ignition switch 42 is turned off (Y in step S10), the vehicle controller 23 records in the nonvolatile memory of the vehicle controller 23 the history of the occurrence of an abnormality that the hydrogen leak of the fuel cell system 13 has been detected. Then, the self-holding relay 35 is turned off by turning off the control signal to the switching element 41 (step S16), and the vehicle controller 23 itself is also turned off.
- the vehicle controller 23 turns off the ignition switch 42 (Y in Step S11) and then turns off the traveling system of the vehicle 1.
- the vehicle 1 is brought into a state where it cannot travel (step S12). That is, the vehicle controller 23 stops the motor 11 and stops power supply from the fuel cell system 13 and the high voltage battery 14 to the motor 11.
- the control signal is continuously transmitted from the vehicle controller 23 to the switching element 41 to maintain the self-holding relay 35 in the on state, thereby holding the power supply of the vehicle controller 23 (step S12).
- the detection state of hydrogen leakage of the fuel cell system 13 by the hydrogen concentration sensor 16 is continued (step S12).
- the vehicle controller 23 blows the buzzer 28 outside the vehicle to notify people around the fuel cell vehicle 1 ( Step S14). Thereafter, when the hydrogen leak in the fuel cell system 13 is no longer detected and the hydrogen leak has converged (Y in step S15), the vehicle controller 23 records the occurrence of an abnormality that the hydrogen leak in the fuel cell system 13 has been detected. Is stored in the non-volatile memory of the vehicle controller 23, the control signal to the switching element 41 is turned off to turn off the self-holding relay 35 (step S16), and the vehicle controller 23 itself is also turned off.
- step S15 the vehicle controller 23 detects that the voltage of the 12V battery 21 detected by the voltage sensor 25 falls below a preset lower limit value. It is determined whether or not there is (step S17). When the voltage of the 12V battery 21 is lower than the preset lower limit value (Y in step S17), the vehicle controller 23 uses the occurrence of an abnormality that the hydrogen leak of the fuel cell system 13 has been detected as a history to the vehicle controller 23.
- the self-holding relay 35 is turned off by storing in its own nonvolatile memory and turning off the control signal to the switching element 41 (step S16), and the vehicle controller 23 itself is also turned off.
- step S13 if hydrogen leakage of the fuel cell system 13 is not detected in step S13 (N in step S13), the vehicle controller 23 has passed a predetermined time after turning off the traveling system in step S12. Whether or not (step S18).
- this predetermined time has elapsed (Y in step S18)
- the vehicle controller 23 stores in the nonvolatile memory of the vehicle controller 23 as a history that the hydrogen leak of the fuel cell system 13 has not been detected, and the switching element By turning off the control signal to 41, the self-holding relay 35 is turned off (step S16), and the vehicle controller 23 itself is also turned off.
- Step S18 when the predetermined time has not elapsed (N in Step S18), the vehicle controller 23 proceeds to Step S13 until the voltage of the 12V DC power supply 27 falls below a predetermined lower limit value (Y in Step S19).
- the hydrogen leak of the fuel cell system 13 is continuously detected (N in step S19). This certain time is a time required for hydrogen leak detection, and is calculated by conducting an experiment.
- the vehicle controller 23 maintains the power supply to the vehicle controller 23 (step S12), even if the ignition switch 11 is turned off (Y in step S11), while the fuel cell system.
- the power to the vehicle controller 23 is turned off (step S16). Therefore, it is possible to reduce the power consumption of the 12V battery 21 that generates the control DC power supply 27 while allowing the hydrogen generated from the fuel cell system 13 during the traveling of the fuel cell vehicle 1 to be detected even after the traveling is stopped. Can be.
- the vehicle controller 23 detects a hydrogen leak (Y in step S13), as long as the hydrogen leak does not converge, in principle, a warning of the occurrence of hydrogen leak is notified to the people around the fuel cell vehicle 1 (step S14). 15), the passengers can know that hydrogen is leaking from the fuel cell system 13, and can respond appropriately. Further, even during this alarm (N in Steps S14 and S15), the vehicle controller 23, when the voltage of the 12V battery 21 is below the preset lower limit (Y in Step S17), Since the power to 23 is also turned off, overdischarge of the 12V battery 21 can be prevented.
- the vehicle controller 23 stores the fact of hydrogen leakage as a history (step S16) and displays it as an alarm on the indicator 26 (step S2). Can be notified to the occupant. Further, even if the hydrogen leakage from the fuel cell system 13 generated during the traveling of the vehicle 1 once converges, there is a high possibility that the hydrogen leakage will occur again if the traveling of the vehicle 1 is started. Therefore, if there is a fact of hydrogen leakage while the ignition switch 42 is turned off after starting the vehicle 1 last time (Y in step S3), the vehicle controller 23 prevents the vehicle from running (step S6), The recurrence of leakage can be prevented.
- the vehicle controller 23 drives the self-holding relay 35 for a certain period of time (step S18).
- a capacitor is provided, and the capacitor is charged by the 12V battery 21 or the like. This may be used as a power source for the vehicle controller 23 after the ignition switch 42 is turned off. This is because if the capacitor is consumed after the ignition switch 42 is turned off, the vehicle controller 23 is turned off and the 12V battery 21 is not further consumed.
- the same control can be performed using the 12V power source stepped down from the high voltage battery 14. .
- the same control can be performed using 12V that is stepped down from the high voltage battery 14.
Abstract
Description
しかしながら、燃料電池車両の走行中においては、燃料電池システムからの水素の漏洩があったとしても走行風のために検知できない可能性がある。
しかし、イグニッションオフ後においても水素漏洩センサや制御装置の電源を長期に維持していると、これらに電力を供給する制御用の蓄電器の蓄電量が低下してしまう。そのため、次回、イグニッションスイッチをオンにして車両を走行しようとしても走行できない恐れがある。
(3)別の本発明の一形態は、(2)の形態において、前記蓄電部の蓄電量を検出する蓄電量検出センサをさらに備え、前記第2の制御部は、前記蓄電量検出センサで検出した蓄電量が予め定められた一定値を下回ったときは前記予め定められた一定時間の間又は前記第1の報知部による報知中であっても前記水素漏洩センサ及び前記制御部への電力供給を停止する、ことを特徴とするものである。
(2)の形態によれば、燃料電池車両の周囲にいる人が燃料電池システムから水素漏洩中であることを知ることができ、適切に対応することが可能となる。
(4)の形態によれば、次回のイグニッションオンの際にイグニッションオフ中の水素漏洩の事実を乗員に報知して気付かせることができる。
(5)の形態によれば、走行中に発生した燃料電池システムからの水素漏洩がいったん収束しても車両の走行を開始すれば再び水素漏洩が起こる可能性が高いため、イグニッションオフ中の水素漏洩の事実があれば車両を走行できないようにして、水素漏洩の再発を防止することができる。
図1は、本実施形態にかかる燃料電池車両1の電気的な接続を示すブロック図である。燃料電池車両1は、モータ11により駆動輪12を駆動する。燃料電池システム13は電力を生成する。また、高電圧バッテリ14は燃料電池システム13で生成した電力を蓄電する。この燃料電池システム13で生成した電力又は高電圧バッテリ14の蓄電電力をインバータ15によって交流化し、この交流電力によりモータ11は駆動される。
12Vバッテリ21は、各部に12Vの直流電源27を制御用の電源として供給するためのバッテリであり、蓄電部を構成するものである。12Vバッテリ21は、高電圧バッテリ14を電源として、DC/DCコンバータ22を介して充電される。電圧センサ25は12Vバッテリ21の電圧を検出して12Vバッテリ21の蓄電量を検出する蓄電量検出センサとしての機能を有する。
DC/DCリレー31は、高電圧バッテリ14とDC/DCコンバータ22とを接続するライン32を接続し又は切断するためのリレーである。DC/DCリレー31をオンにしたときは、高電圧バッテリ14の電力で12Vバッテリ21を充電することができる。
トランジスタで構成されるスイッチング素子41は、自己保持リレー35をオン、オフするための素子である。燃料電池車両1のイグニッションスイッチ42をオンにすると、直流電源27からダイオード43を介してスイッチング素子41のゲートに電圧が印加されてスイッチング素子41がオンとなり、これによって自己保持リレー35がオンになって、車両コントローラ23等に電力が供給される。また、イグニッションスイッチ42がオフにされていても、車両コントローラ23からスイッチング素子41のゲートにダイオード44を介して制御信号を出力してスイッチング素子41をオンにし、これによって自己保持リレー35がオンにすることができる。
次に、車両コントローラ23が実行する制御の内容について説明する。図2、図3は、当該制御内容を示すフローチャートである。
さらに、この警報中であっても(ステップS14,S15のN)、車両コントローラ23は、12Vバッテリ21の電圧が予め設定された下限値を下回っているときは(ステップS17のY)、車両コントローラ23への電力自体もオフするので、12Vバッテリ21の過放電を防止することができる。
また、車両1の走行中に発生した燃料電池システム13からの水素漏洩がいったん収束しても、車両1の走行を開始すれば再び水素漏洩が起こる可能性が高い。そこで、前回車両1を起動して後のイグニッションスイッチ42のオフ中に水素漏洩の事実があれば(ステップS3のY)、車両コントローラ23は、車両を走行できないようにして(ステップS6)、水素漏洩の再発を防止することができる。
12 駆動輪
13 燃料電池システム
14 高電圧バッテリ
16 水素漏洩センサ
21 12Vバッテリ
23 車両コントローラ
25 電圧センサ
26 インジケータ
35 自己保持リレー
27 直流電源
41 スイッチング素子
42 イグニッションスイッチ
Claims (5)
- 駆動輪と、前記駆動輪を駆動するモータと、電力を生成して前記モータに供給する燃料電池システムと、前記燃料電池システムで生成した電力を前記モータに供給するために蓄電するバッテリとを備えている燃料電池車両であって、
前記燃料電池システムから漏洩する水素の有無を検出する水素漏洩センサと、
前記燃料電池システム及び前記バッテリを制御し、また、前記水素漏洩センサにより前記水素の漏洩の有無を判断する第1の制御部と、
前記水素漏洩センサ及び前記第1の制御部に供給する電力を蓄電している蓄電部と、
イグニッションオフされた場合は前記水素漏洩センサにより前記水素の漏洩が検知されない限り予め定められた一定時間の間は前記蓄電部から前記水素漏洩センサ及び前記第1の制御部への電力供給を維持し、その後は当該電力供給を停止する第2の制御部と、
を備えていることを特徴とする燃料電池車両。 - イグニッションオフされた後に前記水素漏洩検知部により前記燃料電池システムから漏洩する水素を検出し続けている間は当該漏洩の事実を報知する第1の報知部をさらに備えていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の燃料電池車両。
- イグニッションオフされた後に前記水素漏洩検知部により前記燃料電池システムから漏洩する水素を検出し続けている間は当該漏洩の事実を報知する第1の報知部と、
前記蓄電部の蓄電量を検出する蓄電量検出センサと、
をさらに備え、
前記第2の制御部は、前記蓄電量検出センサで検出した蓄電量が予め定められた一定値を下回ったときは前記予め定められた一定時間の間又は前記第1の報知部による報知中であっても前記水素漏洩センサ及び前記第1の制御部への電力供給を停止する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の燃料電池車両。 - イグニッションオフされた後に前記水素漏洩検知部により前記燃料電池システムから漏洩する水素を検出した場合は当該水素漏洩の事実を履歴として記憶する履歴記憶部と、
イグニッションオンされた際に前記履歴記憶部に前記水素漏洩の事実の履歴が記憶されている場合には当該事実を報知する第2の報知部と、
をさらに備えていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の燃料電池車両。 - イグニッションオフされた後に前記水素漏洩検知部により前記燃料電池システムから漏洩する水素を検出した場合は当該水素漏洩の事実を履歴として記憶する履歴記憶部と、
イグニッションオンされた際に前記履歴記憶部に前記水素漏洩の事実の履歴が記憶されている場合には当該事実を報知する第2の報知部と、
イグニッションオンされた際に前記履歴記憶部に前記水素漏洩の事実の履歴が記憶されている場合には車両の走行を禁止する走行禁止部と、
をさらに備えている請求項1に記載の燃料電池車両。
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US9108529B2 (en) | 2015-08-18 |
DE112012005804T5 (de) | 2014-10-16 |
IN2014CN04875A (ja) | 2015-09-18 |
GB2512756B (en) | 2016-09-28 |
GB2512756A (en) | 2014-10-08 |
CN104066612B (zh) | 2016-07-06 |
JP5817848B2 (ja) | 2015-11-18 |
US20140350760A1 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
DE112012005804B4 (de) | 2021-08-12 |
GB201407102D0 (en) | 2014-06-04 |
JPWO2013114699A1 (ja) | 2015-05-11 |
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