WO2013100003A1 - オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの精製方法、重合度の調整方法並びにヒアルロニダーゼ阻害剤及びコラゲナーゼ阻害剤 - Google Patents
オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの精製方法、重合度の調整方法並びにヒアルロニダーゼ阻害剤及びコラゲナーゼ阻害剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013100003A1 WO2013100003A1 PCT/JP2012/083770 JP2012083770W WO2013100003A1 WO 2013100003 A1 WO2013100003 A1 WO 2013100003A1 JP 2012083770 W JP2012083770 W JP 2012083770W WO 2013100003 A1 WO2013100003 A1 WO 2013100003A1
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- polymerization
- grape
- oligomeric proanthocyanidins
- oligomeric
- extraction
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
- A61K8/9783—Angiosperms [Magnoliophyta]
- A61K8/9789—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/04—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
- C07D311/58—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring other than with oxygen or sulphur atoms in position 2 or 4
- C07D311/60—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring other than with oxygen or sulphur atoms in position 2 or 4 with aryl radicals attached in position 2
- C07D311/62—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring other than with oxygen or sulphur atoms in position 2 or 4 with aryl radicals attached in position 2 with oxygen atoms directly attached in position 3, e.g. anthocyanidins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/35—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/352—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline
- A61K31/353—3,4-Dihydrobenzopyrans, e.g. chroman, catechin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/87—Vitaceae or Ampelidaceae (Vine or Grape family), e.g. wine grapes, muscadine or peppervine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/16—Emollients or protectives, e.g. against radiation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/02—Preparations for care of the skin for chemically bleaching or whitening the skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/08—Anti-ageing preparations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0288—Applications, solvents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/333—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using mixed solvents, e.g. 70% EtOH
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a purification method for obtaining oligomeric proanthocyanidins having a high whitening effect from raw materials containing oligomeric proanthocyanidins having different degrees of polymerization, a method for adjusting the polymerization degree of oligomeric proanthocyanidins, and oligomeric proanthocyanidins
- the present invention relates to a hyaluronidase inhibitor, a collagenase inhibitor, and the like, which contain as an active ingredient.
- Skin external preparations and cosmetics are widely used for the purpose of obtaining beauty effects such as whitening and improvement of rough skin.
- Various substances with whitening action are known, but synthetic products often have safety problems when used on human skin for a long time. Is required.
- Oligomeric proanthocyanidins are a kind of polyphenols that are abundant in plants such as grapes, apples and cacao, and are referred to as “condensed tannins” or “flavan-3”. A compound also referred to as “all polymerized product”.
- the structure of OPC generally has a bonding mode in which flavan-3-ol is a structural unit and flavan-3-ol is condensed or polymerized at the 4-6 or 4-8 position.
- OPC is a general term for polymers of a dimer or higher that are condensed or polymerized according to the above-mentioned bonding mode.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that a grape extract obtained from an extract obtained by adding purified water to pulverized fruit of Concord red grapes and extracting at 50 to 60 ° C. for 24 hours has a tyrosinase activity inhibitory action and an active oxygen scavenging action. It is described that it had.
- Patent Document 2 describes that condensed tannin having a polymerization degree of 12 exhibits a whitening action and a tyrosinase activity inhibitory effect.
- Patent Document 3 describes that the wine ground ethanol extract showed Maillard reaction inhibitory activity and that the extract contained catechin, procyanidin B and procyanidin C.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a Maillard reaction inhibitor containing proanthocyanidins.
- residues from wine production and extracts thereof are used as active substance compositions for the production of cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical formulations such as anti-inflammatory agents, antioxidants, skin rejuvenants and the like. The use is described.
- Patent Document 2 Regarding the activity correlation between these physiological activities and the degree of polymerization of OPC, it is often not fully elucidated. However, for whitening, for example, OPC having a degree of polymerization of about 12 has been reported to be highly effective. (Patent Document 2). Accordingly, there is a need for a technique that can prepare OPC having a desired physiological activity with high purity.
- Patent Document 7 discloses a collagenase inhibitor and a skin quality improving agent containing proanthocyanidins having an gallic acid addition rate per constituent monomer of proanthocyanidins of 10% (molar ratio) or less as an active ingredient.
- Patent Document 8 discloses a hyaluronidase inhibitor containing grape seed and / or grape juice extract as an active ingredient.
- JP 2005-29490 A JP-A-10-236943 JP 2006-256977 A JP-A-6-336430 Special table 2003-518026 gazette Special table 2003-527843 gazette Table 01-32131 JP 2000-26306 A
- an object of the present invention is to separate (extract) and purify oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) having various physiological activities such as whitening action from raw materials with high purity by a simple operation. It is to provide a purification method. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for adjusting the degree of polymerization of OPC in an extract when extracting OPC from a raw material.
- the present invention further comprises a melanin production inhibitor, hyaluronidase inhibitor, and a collagenase inhibitor that exhibits an excellent effect, including OPC obtained by the purification method as an active ingredient, which is highly safe and exhibits an excellent effect. It is also intended to provide.
- OPCs having different degrees of polymerization are extracted depending on the alcohol concentration in the extraction solvent. It was. For example, when the alcohol concentration in the extraction solvent is about 30 to 70 v / v%, OPC having a high degree of polymerization was extracted. On the other hand, when the alcohol concentration in the extraction solvent was less than 30 v / v%, for example, about 20 v / v% or less, OPC having a low polymerization degree was extracted.
- the present inventors also indicate that the OPC obtained from the grape-derived raw material by the above purification method has a melanin production inhibitory effect, a hyaluronidase inhibitory action and a collagenase inhibitory action, and further, the higher the degree of polymerization of OPC, the more these actions are. I found it strong.
- OPC extracted using an aqueous alcohol solution of about 30 to 60 v / v%, particularly about 30 to 50 v / v% has a particularly high purity and exhibits high melanin production inhibitory effect, hyaluronidase inhibitory effect and collagenase inhibitory effect. did.
- hyaluronidase and collagenase are involved in wrinkle, sagging and skin aging, and OPC having a strong inhibitory activity against these enzymes is useful as a cosmetic product having a high wrinkling, sagging prevention effect and anti-aging effect. It is.
- the present inventors have further studied based on the above findings and completed the present invention.
- the present invention relates to the following (1) to (25).
- (1) including an extraction step of extracting raw materials containing a plurality of types of oligomeric proanthocyanidins having different degrees of polymerization using water or an aqueous alcohol solution as an extraction solvent, and in the extraction step, the degree of polymerization of the target oligomeric proanthocyanidins
- a method for purifying oligomeric proanthocyanidins, wherein the alcoholic concentration of the extraction solvent is set according to the method, and oligomeric proanthocyanidins having a desired degree of polymerization are extracted.
- (2) The method according to (1), wherein the extraction temperature is 70 to less than 100 ° C.
- (3) The method according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the alcohol is ethanol.
- the purification method is (A) a purification method of oligomeric proanthocyanidins having an average degree of polymerization of 5 to less than 8 or (B) a purification method of oligomeric proanthocyanidins having an average degree of polymerization of 8 or more.
- the method according to any one of (1) to (3).
- the purification method (A) is a purification method of oligomeric proanthocyanidins having an average degree of polymerization of less than 5 to 8, and the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent is 0 to 20 v / v%, or (B) the purification method Is a method for purifying oligomeric proanthocyanidins having an average degree of polymerization of 8 or more, wherein the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent is 30 to 60 v / v%.
- the method according to any one of the above (1) to (4) .
- the purification method is a purification method of oligomeric proanthocyanidins having an average degree of polymerization of 8 to 10
- the extraction solvent is an aqueous ethanol solution of 40 to 50 v / v%
- the method according to one item (7) The method according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the raw material containing a plurality of types of oligomeric proanthocyanidins having different degrees of polymerization is derived from a plant.
- the plant-derived raw material is at least one grape-derived raw material selected from the group consisting of grape berries, grape seed coat and grape seeds.
- a method for purifying oligomeric proanthocyanidins having an inhibitory action on melanin production comprising: (10) Oligomeric proanthocyanidins as an active ingredient, and the oligomeric proanthocyanidins are 30-60 v / v% of at least one grape-derived material selected from the group consisting of grapefruit, grape seed coat and grape seeds
- a hyaluronidase inhibitor characterized in that it is contained in an extract obtained by extraction in an aqueous alcohol solution or an extract.
- the average degree of polymerization of the oligomeric proanthocyanidins is 8 to 10.
- a hyaluronidase inhibitor comprising an oligomeric proanthocyanidin having an average degree of polymerization of 8 to 10 as an active ingredient.
- a collagenase inhibitor comprising an oligomeric proanthocyanidin having an average degree of polymerization of 8 to 10 as an active ingredient.
- the alcoholic proanthocyanidins are at least one grape-derived raw material selected from the group consisting of grape fruits, grape seed coats and grape seeds, in an aqueous alcohol solution of 30-60 v / v% at less than 70-100 ° C.
- (24) including an extraction step of extracting a raw material containing plural kinds of oligomeric proanthocyanidins having different polymerization degrees using water or an aqueous alcohol solution as an extraction solvent, and in the extraction step, the polymerization degree of the target oligomeric proanthocyanidins
- OPC exhibiting physiological activity such as excellent whitening action can be separated and purified from the raw material simply and with high yield and high purity. Since OPC purified by such a method is highly pure, when used as a material for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, foods and drinks, quasi drugs, etc., such pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, foods and drinks, quasi drugs, etc. Useful for improving functionality.
- OPC obtained from a grape-derived raw material using an aqueous alcohol solution of about 30-60 v / v% as an extraction solvent has excellent hyaluronidase inhibitory action, collagenase inhibitory action, melanin production inhibitory action, etc. Therefore, it exhibits excellent wrinkles, sagging prevention effect, anti-aging effect, whitening effect and the like, and is suitably used for skin external preparations, cosmetics, quasi drugs and the like.
- a melanin production inhibitor that exhibits high safety and excellent melanin production inhibitory activity
- a hyaluronidase inhibitor that exhibits hyaluronidase inhibitory effect
- a collagenase inhibitor that exhibits excellent collagenase inhibitory effect
- the method for purifying oligomeric proanthocyanidins of the present invention includes an extraction step of extracting a raw material containing plural types of oligomeric proanthocyanidins having different degrees of polymerization using water or an aqueous alcohol solution as an extraction solvent.
- the method of the present invention may include steps other than the extraction step as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited.
- a plant-derived raw material As a raw material containing a plurality of types of oligomeric proanthocyanidins having different degrees of polymerization, a plant-derived raw material is preferable.
- the raw material used in the present invention may be a processed product of these plants. Examples of the processed product include a pulverized product, a crushed product, a crushed product, a dried product, a lyophilized product, a squeezed product, a concentrate thereof, and a solid content after squeezing.
- the raw material in the present invention is preferably a grape-derived raw material, and more preferably, for example, at least one grape-derived raw material selected from the group consisting of grape fruit, grape seed coat and grape seed.
- Grapes are preferably varieties that are the raw materials of wine, for example, grapes that are the raw materials of white wines such as Chardonnay and Koshu; grapes that are the raw materials of red wines such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Concord, Merlot, Muscat Berry A, etc. Can be mentioned. Among them, grapes which are the raw materials for red wine are preferable, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot are more preferable, and Cabernet Sauvignon is more preferable.
- a pressed product (squeezed lees) of grape fruits produced in the production of red wine or white wine is also preferably used.
- the grape fruit pressed product produced in the production of red wine is usually a red wine production process, in which the grape fruit is crushed and fermented with fruit juice (grape crushed material) containing pulp, fruit skin and seeds, It is a squeezed rice cake (fruit peel and seed) after squeezing.
- the pressed product produced in the production of white wine is usually squeezed grapes (grape peels and seeds) after squeezing the fruit juice from the grape fruit in the white wine production process.
- a pressed product (squeezed lees) of grape fruit produced in the production of red wine is preferably used as a raw material in the present invention. More preferred are pressed products of grape fruits such as Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot, and more preferred are pressed products of grape fruits of Cabernet Sauvignon. It is preferable to use a grape press produced in wine production as a raw material from the viewpoint that the grape press that is originally disposed as waste can be used effectively.
- the extraction solvent in the present invention is water or an alcohol aqueous solution.
- the alcohol is usually a lower alcohol having about 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol, butylene glycol and the like. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, ethanol is preferably used.
- Extraction in the extraction step is usually performed by adding water or an aqueous alcohol solution having a predetermined concentration as an extraction solvent to the raw material.
- the raw material is preferably immersed in the extraction solvent, and operations such as stirring and shaking may be performed as appropriate.
- Extraction is usually performed in a batch system or a continuous system, but a batch system is preferred.
- the ratio of the raw material and the extraction solvent in the extraction step is not particularly limited.
- the extraction solvent is preferably about 5 to 30 with respect to the raw material 1 by weight, and more preferably about 5 to 15. More preferably, it is about 5 to 10.
- the extraction temperature in the extraction step is preferably from about 30 to less than 100 ° C. (from about 30 ° C. to less than about 100 ° C.), and from about 70 to less than 100 ° C. (from about 70 ° C. to about 100 ° C. Less than about 70-90 ° C, particularly preferably about 70-90 ° C. Such a temperature is preferable because there is little elution of substances other than oligomeric proanthocyanidins and oligomeric proanthocyanidins can be stably extracted.
- the extraction time is preferably about 0.5 to 4 hours, more preferably about 1 to 2 hours. Extraction can be performed under normal pressure or under pressure, but preferably under normal pressure.
- the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent is set according to the degree of polymerization of the target oligomeric proanthocyanidin, and the oligomeric proanthocyanidin having the target degree of polymerization is extracted.
- the alcohol concentration in the extraction solvent used in the extraction step oligomeric proanthocyanidins with different degrees of polymerization are extracted from the raw material.
- the extraction liquid containing the oligomeric proanthocyanidin of the target specific polymerization degree can be efficiently obtained by setting suitably the alcohol concentration of the water or alcohol aqueous solution used as an extraction solvent.
- the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent may be set according to the degree of polymerization of the target oligomeric proanthocyanidins, that is, the oligomeric proanthocyanidins extracted from the raw material, but it should be set in the range of about 0 to 70 v / v%, for example. Is preferred.
- To make the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent 0% means that water is used as the extraction solvent. That is, in the present invention, it is preferable to use water or an alcohol aqueous solution having an alcohol concentration of about 70 v / v% or less as the extraction solvent.
- oligomeric proanthocyanidins having a polymerization degree suitable for the purpose can be extracted by adjusting the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent used for extraction.
- the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent is about 30 to 70 v / v%.
- the range is preferably about 30 to 60 v / v%, more preferably about 30 to 50 v / v%, and particularly preferably about 40 to 50 v / v%.
- Such a concentration range is preferable because highly pure oligomeric proanthocyanidins can be obtained.
- the total concentration of the alcohol be in the above range.
- the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent is about 0 to 20 v / v% in the extraction step. It is preferably about 0-10 v / v%. That is, as the extraction solvent, water or an alcohol aqueous solution having an alcohol concentration of about 20 v / v% or less, preferably water or an alcohol aqueous solution having an alcohol concentration of about 10 v / v% or less is used.
- the purification method of the present invention is suitably used as a method for purifying oligomeric proanthocyanidins having an average degree of polymerization of less than about 5-8.
- the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent is about 1 to 20 v / v% in the extraction step. More preferably, it is about 10 to 20 v / v%. That is, it is preferable to use an alcohol aqueous solution having the above concentration as the extraction solvent.
- the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent is within the above range, oligomeric proanthocyanidins having an average degree of polymerization of more than about 6 and less than about 8 are usually extracted from the raw material.
- the extraction liquid obtained by the extraction step usually contains oligomeric proanthocyanidins having different polymerization degrees / various polymerization degrees.
- the average polymerization degree can be extracted with an oligomeric proanthocyanidin having a polymerization degree in the above range.
- the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent is about 30 to 70 v / v%
- an extract containing an oligomeric proanthocyanidin having a high polymerization degree and an average polymerization degree of about 8 or more is usually obtained.
- the average degree of polymerization of oligomeric proanthocyanidins is usually determined by dividing the number average molecular weight of oligomeric proanthocyanidins by the molecular weight of catechin (Mw 290).
- the average degree of polymerization of the oligomeric proanthocyanidin can be determined by a known method. For example, the number average using GPC software (Shimadzu Corporation) etc.
- the purification method of the present invention is also suitably used as a purification method for oligomeric proanthocyanidins having an average degree of polymerization of about 8 or more.
- the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent used in the extraction step is preferably about 30 to 70 v / v%. That is, it is preferable to use an alcohol aqueous solution having an alcohol concentration of about 30 to 70 v / v% as the extraction solvent.
- the upper limit of the average degree of polymerization of the oligomeric proanthocyanidins extracted by the extraction step is usually about 10.
- the alcohol concentration of the aqueous alcohol solution as the extraction solvent is about 30 to 60 v / v% in the extraction step. Further, considering the purity of the extracted oligomeric proanthocyanidins, the alcohol concentration of the aqueous alcohol solution as the extraction solvent is preferably about 30 to 50 v / v%, and preferably about 40 to 50 v / v%. More preferred. Within this concentration range, higher purity oligomeric proanthocyanidins can be obtained.
- the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent may be appropriately set depending on the raw material and the like.
- the average polymerization degree is usually about 30 to 70 v / v% when the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent is about 30 to 70 v / v Oligomeric proanthocyanidins that are about 8-10 are extracted.
- the average degree of polymerization is usually about 8.5 to 10, more preferably about 8.5. ⁇ 9.5, more preferably about 8.7 to 9.5, is preferable because it can efficiently extract oligomeric proanthocyanidins.
- an oligomeric proanthocyanidin having an average polymerization degree of about 9 or more is usually obtained when the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent is about 40-60 v / v%, preferably about 50 v / v%. Extracted from raw materials.
- oligomeric proanthocyanidins having an average polymerization degree of 9 or more are usually extracted from the raw materials when the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent is about 40-60 v / v%.
- the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent is preferably about 40 to 60 v / v%.
- the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent is about 40 to 60 v / v%, an oligomeric proanthocyanidin having an average degree of polymerization of about 9 to 10 is usually extracted from the raw material.
- the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent is preferably about 40 to 50 v / v%.
- the purification method of the present invention in the extraction step, about 30 to 70 v / v%, more preferably about 30 to 60 v / v%, further preferably about 30 to 50 v / v%, particularly preferably about 40 is used.
- Extraction is performed using an aqueous ethanol solution of ⁇ 50 v / v% as an extraction solvent.
- a high degree of polymerization usually having an average degree of polymerization of about 8 or more, preferably an average degree of polymerization of about 8.5 or more, more preferably about 8.7 or more in the extract.
- high purity oligomeric proanthocyanidins are extracted.
- Such a purification method is particularly suitable as a method for purifying oligomeric proanthocyanidins having an average degree of polymerization of 8 or more with high purity.
- extraction is performed using an aqueous ethanol solution of about 40-50 v / v% as an extraction solvent.
- a purification method is particularly preferable as a purification method for oligomeric proanthocyanidins having an average degree of polymerization of about 8 to 10.
- the purification method of the present invention oligomeric proanthocyanidins having different degrees of polymerization can be extracted from the raw material depending on the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent used in the extraction step. Therefore, the purification method of the present invention is useful as a method for extracting oligomeric proanthocyanidins having a desired degree of polymerization from raw materials with high purity.
- the degree of polymerization of oligomeric proanthocyanidins in the resulting extract can be adjusted by appropriately setting the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent used for extraction. Therefore, the purification method of the present invention is suitably applied to a method for adjusting the degree of polymerization of oligomeric proanthocyanidins in the extract.
- a method for adjusting the degree of polymerization of oligomeric proanthocyanidins by setting the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent and extracting oligomeric proanthocyanidins having the desired degree of polymerization is also included in the present invention.
- the extraction step in the adjustment method and the preferred embodiment thereof are the same as the extraction step in the purification method described above.
- the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent is about 0 to 20 v / v%
- oligomeric proanthocyanidins having an average degree of polymerization of less than about 5 to 8 are extracted from the raw material.
- the average degree of polymerization of proanthocyanidins can be less than about 5-8.
- the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent is usually about 30 to 70 v / v%, preferably about 30 to 60 v / v%, more preferably about 30 to 50 v / v%
- the average degree of polymerization from the raw material is about 8 or more.
- Oligomeric proanthocyanidins are extracted. Thereby, the average degree of polymerization of oligomeric proanthocyanidins in the extract can be about 8 or more. Therefore, the degree of polymerization of the oligomeric proanthocyanidins in the extract can be adjusted to a desired range according to the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent.
- the average degree of polymerization of oligomeric proanthocyanidins in the extract is adjusted to less than about 5 to 8, or (B ) Adjustment to adjust the average degree of polymerization of oligomeric proanthocyanidins in the extract to about 8 or more by setting the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent to about 30 to 60 v / v% (preferably about 30 to 50 v / v%).
- the method is one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
- the upper limit of the average degree of polymerization of the extracted oligomeric proanthocyanidins is usually about 10.
- the purification method and the adjustment method of the present invention may appropriately include steps other than the extraction step.
- the extract after the extraction step, the extract can be recovered by appropriate means such as filtration and centrifugation.
- the recovered extract can be used as it is as a material for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, foods and drinks, quasi drugs, etc., but if necessary, it can be subjected to treatments such as solvent removal, concentration of OPC, drying, and powdering. Good.
- excipients used in the pharmaceutical or cosmetic field may be used as appropriate.
- the oligomeric proanthocyanidins have a higher purity. Is obtained.
- adsorbent ion exchange resin, adsorbent such as styrene / divinylbenzene, methacrylic acid, etc., hydrophilic vinyl polymer, modified dextran gel, polyacrylamide gel, reverse phase silica gel and the like are used.
- the adsorbed fraction is recovered by elution with an eluent such as an aqueous alcohol solution or alcohol.
- the eluent is preferably methanol, ethanol, propanol, acetone or the like.
- the main component of the obtained fraction is oligomeric proanthocyanidins extracted from the raw material in the extraction process.
- the obtained fraction containing oligomeric proanthocyanidins may be further subjected to treatment such as concentration, drying, and powdering, or may be a 1,3-butylene glycol solution or the like.
- the fraction containing oligomeric proanthocyanidins obtained by the above purification method contains OPC with a specific degree of polymerization in high purity, has various physiological activities, and is a pharmaceutical product. It is suitably used for cosmetics, quasi-drugs, foods and drinks, and the like.
- an excellent melanin production inhibitory effect, hyaluronidase inhibitory effect, and An extract or OPC fraction containing high-purity OPC having a collagenase inhibitory action can be obtained.
- Such an extract and OPC fraction are useful for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, foods and drinks, quasi drugs, etc. having a whitening action, a hyaluronidase inhibitory action, or a collagenase inhibitory action.
- the purification method of the present invention is a method for purifying, preparing, or preparing an oligomeric proanthocyanidin having such excellent whitening action, hyaluronidase inhibitory action, and collagenase inhibitory action or a fraction containing the oligomeric proanthocyanidin in high purity. It is also suitably used as a production method.
- a method for purifying oligomeric proanthocyanidins having an inhibitory action on melanin production is also included in the present invention.
- the purification method of the present invention and preferred embodiments thereof are the same as the purification method of oligomeric proanthocyanidins having an average degree of polymerization of about 8 or more (preferably about 8 to 10).
- the melanin production inhibitory action of the obtained oligomeric proanthocyanidins can be evaluated by a known method, for example, the method described in Examples.
- Oligomeric proanthocyanidins having a melanin production inhibitory action obtained by the purification method of the present invention, and fractions containing the oligomeric proanthocyanidins in high purity are safe to the human body and have an excellent melanin production inhibitory effect. It is something that demonstrates.
- An oligomeric proanthocyanidin obtained by the above purification method or an extract containing the oligomeric proanthocyanidin, a processed product (extract) thereof, a fraction, and the like are used as a melanin inhibitor or a whitening agent, and a skin external preparation for whitening. It is suitably used for cosmetics, foods and drinks, quasi drugs, and the like, and exhibits excellent effects such as prevention or suppression of the production of melanin pigments that cause stains and freckles.
- a melanin production inhibitor or a whitening agent containing an oligomeric proanthocyanidin obtained by the above purification method as an active ingredient is also included in the present invention.
- Extracts containing oligomeric proanthocyanidins obtained by the above purification method, processed products (extracts) of the extract, fractions containing oligomeric proanthocyanidins, etc. can be used as melanin production inhibitors or whitening agents as they are. Although it can be used, other components may be added and used.
- melanin production is synonymous with melanin production.
- Oligomeric proanthocyanidins as an active ingredient, the oligomeric proanthocyanidins comprising at least one grape-derived raw material selected from the group consisting of grape fruit, grape seed coat and grape seeds in an amount of about 30-60 v / v alcohol
- An extract obtained by extraction in an aqueous solution or a hyaluronidase inhibitor contained in the extract is also one aspect of the present invention.
- Oligomeric proanthocyanidins as an active ingredient, the oligomeric proanthocyanidins comprising at least one grape-derived raw material selected from the group consisting of grape fruit, grape seed coat and grape seeds in an amount of about 30-60 v / v alcohol
- An extract obtained by extraction in an aqueous solution or a collagenase inhibitor contained in the extract is also one aspect of the present invention.
- Hyaluronidase inhibitory action and collagenase inhibitory action can be evaluated by known methods.
- the hyaluronidase inhibitory action can be evaluated by measuring the inhibition rate of hyaluronidase by the method described in Examples.
- Collagenase inhibitory activity can be evaluated by, for example, the method described in the Examples or the method described in Yumi Maeda et al. (Food Hygiene Journal 31 (3), 233-237 (1990)).
- the average degree of polymerization of the oligomeric proanthocyanidins is preferably about 8 or more, more preferably about 8 to 10, still more preferably about 8.5 to 10. Particularly preferably about 9-10. In another preferred embodiment, the average degree of polymerization of the oligomeric proanthocyanidins is about 8.5 to 9.5, more preferably about 8.7 to 9.5. If a polymer having an average degree of polymerization in such a range is included, even if oligomeric proanthocyanidins contain monomers, dimers, or other fragments, they have excellent hyaluronidase inhibitory activity and excellent collagenase inhibitory activity. Since it is obtained, it is preferable.
- Oligomeric proanthocyanidins which are active ingredients of the hyaluronidase inhibitor and collagenase inhibitor of the present invention, are derived from at least one grape selected from the group consisting of grape fruits, grape seed coats and grape seeds as raw materials in the above purification method.
- the extraction liquid or the extract obtained by setting the alcohol concentration of the aqueous alcohol solution as the extraction solvent in the extraction step to about 30 to 70 v / v%. More preferably, it is contained in an extract or extract obtained by setting the alcohol concentration of the aqueous alcohol solution to about 30 to 60 v / v%, more preferably about 30 to 50 v / v%, particularly preferably about 40 to 50 v / v%.
- the preferable conditions for extraction are the same as the conditions for the purification method of oligomeric proanthocyanidins having an average degree of polymerization of about 8 or more (preferably about 8 to 10).
- the extraction temperature is preferably about 30 to less than 100 ° C., preferably about 70 to less than 100 ° C., more preferably about 70 to 90 ° C., and particularly preferably about 70 to less than 90 ° C.
- the alcohol is preferably ethanol.
- the grape-derived raw material and preferred embodiments thereof are also the same as the grape-derived raw material used as the raw material for the purification method described above and preferred embodiments thereof.
- the present invention also includes a hyaluronidase inhibitor containing an oligomeric proanthocyanidin having an average degree of polymerization of about 8 to 10 as an active ingredient.
- Collagenase inhibitors containing oligomeric proanthocyanidins having an average degree of polymerization of about 8 to 10 as an active ingredient are also included in the present invention.
- a polymer having an average degree of polymerization of about 8 to 10 is included, even if monomers, dimers, and other fragments are present in oligomeric proanthocyanidins, excellent hyaluronidase inhibitory activity, Collagenase inhibitory activity is obtained.
- the oligomeric proanthocyanidins having an average degree of polymerization of about 8 to 10 are preferably contained in at least one grape-derived material selected from the group consisting of grape fruit, grape seed coat and grape seed.
- the oligomeric proanthocyanidins contained in such grape-derived raw materials can be obtained from the raw materials by the purification method described above, for example.
- the lower limit of the average degree of polymerization of the oligomeric proanthocyanidins is preferably about 8.5.
- the oligomeric proanthocyanidins preferably have an average degree of polymerization of about 8.5 to 9.5, more preferably an average degree of polymerization of about 8.7 to 9.5.
- Anthocyanidin preferably contains at least one grape-derived raw material selected from the group consisting of grape fruit, grape seed coat and grape seed, at a temperature of about 30 to less than about 70 to 100 ° C. It is contained in an extract or extract obtained by extraction in a 60 v / v% alcohol aqueous solution.
- the preferable aspect etc. of extraction are the same as the preferable aspect in the said purification method mentioned above.
- the grape-derived raw materials and preferred embodiments thereof are the same as those in the purification method described above.
- the grape is particularly preferably a Cabernet Sauvignon.
- the hyaluronidase inhibitor and collagenase inhibitor may contain other components in addition to the essential component oligomeric proanthocyanidins.
- an extract containing an oligomeric proanthocyanidin obtained in the above extraction step or an extract can be used.
- the extract for example, a concentrated extract, a dried product, a processed product such as a powder obtained by performing a process such as solvent removal, concentration of OPC, drying, and pulverization from the recovered extract is preferably used.
- the extract or extract containing oligomeric proanthocyanidins obtained by the above purification method can be used as it is as a hyaluronidase inhibitor or collagenase inhibitor, but other components may be added and used.
- the above hyaluronidase inhibitor, collagenase inhibitor, and the above-described melanin production inhibitor and whitening agent are suitably used as, for example, pharmaceuticals such as skin external preparations, quasi-drugs, and cosmetics.
- pharmaceuticals such as skin external preparations, quasi-drugs, and cosmetics.
- the dosage form is not particularly limited.
- an ointment, cream, emulsion, lotion, cosmetic liquid, pack, It can be used as a bath agent, facial cleanser and the like.
- the form thereof is not particularly limited.
- skin cosmetics such as skin lotion, milky lotion, cosmetic liquid, cream, pack, etc .
- makeup Makeup cosmetics such as base lotions, makeup base creams, powdery, liquid or creamy foundations
- body cosmetics such as hand creams, leg creams, body lotions; facial cleansers, body soaps and the like.
- the hyaluronidase inhibitor, the collagenase inhibitor, and the melanin production inhibitor and the whitening agent described above are, for example, compositions containing components and / or additives that are usually blended in skin external preparations and cosmetics as necessary. It may be.
- the ingredients include whitening agents, moisturizers, antioxidants, oily ingredients, UV absorbers, surfactants, thickeners, alcohols, powder ingredients, colorants, water, various skin nutrients, antiseptics and bactericides. , Various components such as astringents and fragrances, additives and the like, and one or more of these can be appropriately blended as necessary.
- the above-mentioned oligomeric proanthocyanidins or the extract or extract containing the oligomeric proanthocyanidins obtained by the above purification method, these normally used components, additives, etc. are appropriately added. It can mix
- blending component in the present invention is not limited to the following, and components other than those listed below may be used for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, quasi-drugs, etc.
- Additives can be used.
- whitening agents include 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid such as arbutin, kojic acid and its derivatives, hydroquinone derivatives, ellagic acid and its derivatives, tranexamic acid and its derivatives, resorcinol derivatives, cysteine and its derivatives, pine bark extract, etc. Derivatives, nicotine derivatives, ⁇ -hydroxy acids and the like.
- humectants include polyhydric alcohols (glycerin, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, etc.), saccharides (sorbitol, erythritol, trehalose, inositol, glucose, xylitol sucrose and derivatives thereof, dextrin.
- polyhydric alcohols glycolin, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, etc.
- saccharides sorbitol, erythritol, trehalose, inositol, glucose, xylitol sucrose and derivatives thereof, dextrin.
- mucopolysaccharides eg hyaluronic acid and derivatives thereof, chondroitin and derivatives thereof, heparin and derivatives thereof
- elastin and derivatives thereof collagen and derivatives thereof, lactic acid, urea, higher fatty acid octyldodecyl , Seaweed extract, seafood-derived collagen and its derivatives, various amino acids and their derivatives (glycine, serine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, arginine, theanine, pyrrolidone carbo Sodium acid etc.) and the like.
- Antioxidants include, for example, vitamin E and its derivatives (dl- ⁇ ( ⁇ , ⁇ ) -tocopherol, dl- ⁇ -tocopherol acetate, nicotinic acid-dl- ⁇ -tocopherol, linoleic acid-dl- ⁇ -tocopherol, succinate Tocopherols such as acid dl- ⁇ -tocopherol and derivatives thereof, ubiquinones and the like, vitamin A and derivatives thereof (retinol palmitate, retinol acetate such as retinol, retinal such as dehydroretinal and derivatives thereof), carotenoid ( Carotene, lycopene, astaxanthin, etc.), vitamin B and its derivatives (thiamine hydrochloride, thiamine sulfate, riboflavin, riboflavin acetate, pyridoxine hydrochloride, pyridoxine dioctanoate, flavin adenine dinucle
- oily components include olive oil, jojoba oil, castor oil, soybean oil, rice oil, rice germ oil, palm oil, palm oil, cacao oil, meadowweed oil, sheer butter, tea tree oil, avocado oil, macadamia nut oil, Plant-derived oils and fats such as plant-derived squalane; animal-derived oils and fats such as mink oil and turtle oil; waxes such as beeswax, canauba wax, rice wax, and lanolin; hydrocarbons such as liquid paraffin, petrolatum, paraffin wax, and squalane Fatty acids such as myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, isostearic acid, cis-11-eicosenoic acid; higher alcohols such as lauryl alcohol, cetanol, stearyl alcohol; isopropyl myristate, butyl oleate, 2 -Ethylhexidylglycera De, synthetic esters and synthetic t
- ultraviolet absorbers examples include ethyl paraaminobenzoate, ethylhexyl paradimethylaminobenzoate, amyl salicylate and derivatives thereof, 2-ethylhexyl paramethoxycinnamate, octyl cinnamate, oxybenzone, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4 -Methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonate, 4-tertiarybutyl-4-methoxybenzoylmethane, 2- (2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, urocanic acid, ethyl urocanate, aloe extract, etc. It is done.
- surfactant examples include polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, glycerin fatty acid ester, polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene Nonionic surfactants such as hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester, fatty acid alkanolamide; fatty acid salt, alkyl sulfate, alkylbenzene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate, polyoxyethylene fatty amine sulfate, Polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether sulfate, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate, sodium N-lauroyl sarcosine, etc.
- Nonionic surfactants such as hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester, fatty
- Anionic surfactant quaternary ammonium salt, primary to tertiary fatty amine salt, trialkylbenzylammonium salt, alkylpyridinium salt, 2-alkyl-1-hydroxyethylimidazolinium salt, N, N-dialkyl morpho Cationic surfactants such as runium salts and polyethylene polyamine fatty acid amide salts; N, N-dimethyl-N-alkyl-N-carboxymethylammoniobetaine, N, N, N-trialkyl-N-alkyleneammoniocarboxybetaine And amphoteric surfactants such as N-acidaminopropyl-N ′, N′-dimethyl-N′- ⁇ -hydroxypropylammoniosulfobetaine and coconut oil fatty acid amidopropylbetaine.
- thickeners include, for example, algaic acid, agar, carrageenan, fucoidan and other dry algae, green algae or red algae-derived components; pectin, locust bean gum, aloe polysaccharides and other polysaccharides; xanthan gum, tragacanth gum, guar gum and other gums; Cellulose derivatives such as methyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose; synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, carboxyvinyl polymer, acrylic acid / methacrylic acid copolymer; hyaluronic acid and derivatives thereof; polyglutamic acid and derivatives thereof.
- alcohols examples include ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol, butylene glycol, lauryl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, lanolin alcohol, hydrogenated lanolin alcohol, oleyl alcohol, hexadecyl alcohol, 2 -Octyldodecanol, glycerin, sorbitol, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, ethylene glycol and polymers thereof.
- powder components include sericite, titanium oxide, talc, kaolin, bentonite, zinc oxide, magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide, zirconium oxide, barium sulfate, silicic anhydride, mica, nylon powder, polyethylene powder, silk powder, cellulose System powder, powder of cereals (rice, wheat, corn, millet, etc.), powder of beans (soybean, red beans, etc.), and the like.
- colorants include anhydrous silicic acid, magnesium silicate, talc, kaolin, bentonite, mica, titanium mica, bismuth oxychloride, zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, yellow iron oxide , Bengala, Black iron oxide, Gunjo, Chrome oxide, Chromium hydroxide, Carbon black, Calamine, and other inorganic pigments; Red cabbage dye, red rice dye, Akane dye, Anato dye, Ikumi dye, Turmeric dye, Enju dye, etc. And pigments.
- Examples of various skin nutrients include various vitamins (vitamins A, B, D, E, etc.) and derivatives thereof, ribonucleic acid and salts thereof, deoxyribonucleic acid and salts thereof, ⁇ - and ⁇ -linolenic acid, xanthine and derivatives thereof ( Caffeine, etc.), amino acids and derivatives thereof (serine, glutamic acid, theanine, hydroxyproline, pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, etc.), docosahexaenoic acid and derivatives thereof, eicosapentaenoic acid and derivatives thereof, animal extracts (mollusk extracts such as squid) Shell extract, shellfish extract, fish extract, chicken crown extract, royal jelly, silk protein and its degradation products, placenta extract, serum deproteinization extract, lactoferrin or its degradation products), yeast extract, microbial fermentation And metabolites (metabolites such as lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria).
- vitamins vitamins
- antiseptic / bactericides examples include urea; paraoxybenzoates such as methyl paraoxybenzoate, ethyl paraoxybenzoate, propyl paraoxybenzoate, butyl paraoxybenzoate; dibutylhydroxytoluene, phenoxyethanol, dichlorophene, chlorhexidine hydrochloride, Examples include benzalkonium, salicylic acid, ethanol, undecylenic acid, phenols, isopropylmethylphenol, 1,2-pentanediol, various essential oils, and bark dry distillate.
- astringents include zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, zinc oxide, succinic acid, allantoin, calamine, zinc p-phenolsulfonate, potassium aluminum sulfate, resorcin, ferric chloride, menthol and the like.
- the blending amount in the external preparation for skin and cosmetics is preferably about 0.000006 to 1% by mass, more preferably about 0.0000125 to 0.5% by mass, and about 0.0001 to 0.01% as oligomeric proanthocyanidins. Is more preferably about 0.0005 to 0.0025 mass%.
- the method of using the hyaluronidase inhibitor and collagenase inhibitor of the present invention, and the above-described melanin production inhibitor and whitening agent differ depending on the condition of the skin to be used, but may be, for example, the following method. That is, an appropriate amount (for example, about 0.05 to 2 g) may be applied to the skin several times a day (for example, about 1 to 5 times, preferably about 1 to 3 times).
- the daily use amount of oligomeric proanthocyanidins (preferably, oligomeric proanthocyanidins having an average degree of polymerization of about 8 to 10) is preferably about 0.00025 to 0.25 mg, more preferably about 0.005 to 0. What is necessary is just to apply
- the application period is not particularly limited.
- the hyaluronidase inhibitor and collagenase inhibitor of the present invention are safe for the human body and exhibit excellent hyaluronidase inhibition or collagenase inhibitory effects.
- the inhibitor of the present invention is suitably used for skin external preparations or cosmetics for preventing or suppressing wrinkles and sagging, skin external preparations or cosmetics for preventing or preventing aging, and preventing or suppressing wrinkles and sagging, Demonstrates excellent effects in preventing or preventing skin aging.
- grape pressed products obtained in the white wine production process that is, squeezed grapes after pressing fruit juice from grape fruits (grape skin and seeds) were used as grape pressed products for white wine.
- a red wine grape press product the grape press product obtained in the red wine production process, that is, a fermented crushed liquid (fruit juice including fruit, skin and seeds) is fermented, and then the fermented liquid is compressed.
- Juice koji fruit skin and seeds
- the resulting concentrated solution was filtered through diatomaceous earth, and the filtrate was passed through a column filled with acrylic resin Amberlite XAD (registered trademark) -7HP (organo corporation, 100 mL), and then water (200 mL) was passed through. The excess sugars and organic acids were removed (the sugars and organic acids were eluted). Thereafter, polyphenol was eluted from the column using a 70% aqueous ethanol solution (400 mL) as an eluent. The obtained eluate was concentrated under reduced pressure, and then subjected to lyophilization to obtain 1.62 g of white wine grape-derived proanthocyanidin fraction 1.
- the extract was subjected to centrifugation (3000 rpm, 5 minutes), and the supernatant was passed through a column packed with acrylic resin Amberlite XAD (registered trademark) -7HP (organo, 20 mL). Water (40 mL) was passed through to remove excess saccharide and organic acid (the saccharide and organic acid were eluted). Thereafter, polyphenol was eluted from the column using a 70% aqueous ethanol solution (80 mL) as an eluent. The obtained eluate was concentrated under reduced pressure and then freeze-dried to obtain 46 mg of red wine grape-derived proanthocyanidin fraction 1.
- Amberlite XAD registered trademark
- -7HP organic acid
- Grape-derived proanthocyanidins were extracted and purified using the pressed products of grapes of the following varieties.
- White wine grape pressing product, Chardonnay pressing product (white wine grape pressing product used in Preparation Example 1) ⁇ Koshu pressed (Koshu peel and seeds) Red wine grape press, Cabernet Sauvignon press (red wine grape press used in Preparation Example 2) ⁇ Concord press (concord skin and seeds) ⁇ Merlot pressed products (Merlot peel and seeds) ⁇ Muscat berry A pressed product (Muscat berry A peel and seeds)
- Grape press obtained from the wine making process Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon, Concord, Merlot, Muscat Berry A, and Koshu peels and seeds are added 15 times the amount of water as an extraction solvent, and at 80 ° C for 1 hour Heat extraction was performed, and this hot water extract was filtered through a nylon mesh (manufactured by Nihon Riken Kikai Co., Ltd., trade name: NRS-200) to obtain extract 1. Further, the residue after filtration is again extracted and filtered under the same conditions, and the obtained extract 2 is combined with the previous extract 1 and then filtered through diatomaceous earth, and the filtrate is Amberlite XAD (registered trademark).
- the mobile phase includes water (3 times the amount of CV), 20% aqueous ethanol solution (3 times the amount of CV), 35% aqueous solution of ethanol (3 times the amount of CV), 55% aqueous ethanol solution (3 times the amount of CV), A 75% aqueous ethanol solution (three times the amount of CV) and a 70% aqueous acetone solution (three times the amount of CV) were used in this order.
- Evaluation method The evaluation method of the wine grape press-derived proanthocyanidin fraction prepared above is shown below.
- the obtained reaction solution was analyzed under the analysis conditions of high performance liquid chromatography described below, and after quantifying the amount of cyanidin contained in the reaction solution, the purity of oligomeric proanthocyanidin was calculated according to the formula shown below.
- Proanthocyanidin B-1 (PB-1, Funakoshi Co., Ltd .: NIU-N210) was used as a standard substance.
- the average degree of polymerization of the oligomeric proanthocyanidins was calculated from the measurement results obtained by the above HPLC using GPC software (Shimadzu Corporation), and the obtained number average molecular weight was calculated as the molecular weight of catechin (Mw 290). Divided by and calculated.
- Hyaluronidase Inhibition Test The hyaluronidase inhibition test for wine-derived oligomeric proanthocyanidins was modified from the literature (Yumie Maeda et al., Food Hygiene Journal 31 (3), 233-237 (1990)). It carried out by the method of. Hyaluronic acid is broken down into N-acetylhexosamine by hyaluronidase. Hyaluronidase inhibitory activity was measured by quantifying the N-acetylglucosamine at the reducing end by absorbance with a p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., hereinafter abbreviated as p-DAB) label.
- p-DAB p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde
- Inhibition rate (%) ⁇ 1- (ab) / (cd) ⁇ ⁇ 100
- Collagenase inhibition test of wine grape-derived oligomeric proanthocyanidins was modified from the method of the literature (Wunsch et al., Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem., 333, 149-51 (1963)), and the following method was used. Carried out.
- Collagenase inhibition rate (%) ⁇ 1 ⁇ (a ⁇ b) / (c ⁇ d) ⁇ ⁇ 100 a: Absorbance after 30 minutes of reaction when adding sample b: Absorbance after 0 minute of reaction when adding sample c: Absorbance after 30 minutes of reaction without addition of sample d: Absorbance after 30 minutes of reaction without addition of sample In the above formula, When the activity is completely inhibited, the collagenase inhibition rate (%) is 100%. It can be said that a compound showing a high “inhibition rate (%)” has a higher activity as an inhibitor.
- Test example 1 Regarding the proanthocyanidin fractions 1 to 6 derived from white wine grapes prepared in Preparation Example 1, the efficacy and the like were evaluated by the above evaluation method, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained.
- proanthocyanidin fraction derived from white wine grapes extracted with 30-50% aqueous ethanol solution has a high melanin production inhibitory effect.
- the activity was correlated with the purity of the oligomeric proanthocyanidins contained and the degree of polymerization. It was also found that when extraction was performed with a 30% to 50% aqueous ethanol aqueous solution, oligomeric proanthocyanidins having a high degree of polymerization contained in the raw material could be extracted with high yield and high purity.
- Test example 2 For the red wine grape-derived proanthocyanidins fractions 1 to 8 prepared in Preparation Example 2, the efficacy and the like were evaluated by the above evaluation methods, and the results shown in Table 2 were obtained.
- proanthocyanidin fraction derived from red wine grapes extracted with 30% -60% aqueous ethanol solution has a high melanin production inhibitory effect and hyaluronidase inhibitory effect. It was found that extraction with a 30% to 60% aqueous ethanol solution can extract the oligomeric proanthocyanidins having a high degree of polymerization contained in the raw material with high yield and high purity.
- Test example 3 For the wine grape-derived proanthocyanidin fraction prepared in Preparation Example 3, the efficacy and the like were evaluated by the above evaluation methods, and the results shown in Table 3 were obtained.
- the melanin production suppression and hyaluronidase inhibitory activities of the various grape-derived proanthocyanidins examined in this study were proportional to the purity or degree of polymerization of oligomeric proanthocyanidins. Among them, it was found that the grape-derived proanthocyanidin fraction obtained from Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Koshu has a high beauty effect.
- Test example 4 For the wine grape-derived proanthocyanidin fraction prepared in Preparation Example 4, efficacy and the like were evaluated by the above evaluation methods, and the results shown in Tables 4 and 5 were obtained. The results of the Chardonnay-derived proanthocyanidin fraction are shown in Table 4, and the results of the Cabernet Sauvignon-derived proanthocyanidin fraction are shown in Table 5. The transfer rates in Tables 4 and 5 are the simple phenol fraction, catechin / epicatechin fraction, low molecular OPC fraction and high molecular OPC fraction contained in the wine grape-derived proanthocyanidin fraction prepared in Preparation Example 4.
- the grape-derived proanthocyanidins fraction extracted with aqueous ethanol aqueous solution of 30 v / v% to 60 v / v%, preferably 30 v / v% to 50 v / v% is rich in oligomeric proanthocyanidins having a high degree of polymerization
- the solvent to be extracted is important for obtaining an oligomeric proanthocyanidin having a high cosmetic effect with high purity.
- an oligomeric proanthocyanidin was efficiently extracted, and an extract containing a large amount of oligomeric proanthocyanidins having a high degree of polymerization was obtained.
- Test Example 5 The red wine grape-derived proanthocyanidins fractions 1 to 8 prepared in Preparation Example 2 were adjusted to 800 ⁇ g / mL of a 10% DMSO solution, and the collagenase inhibitory activity of each fraction was determined according to the evaluation method of (5) collagenase inhibition test. The results shown in Table 6 were obtained.
- the collagenase inhibition rate shown in Table 6 is a value obtained from the above-described formula for calculating the collagenase inhibition rate.
- the collagenase inhibition rate of the positive control (IP304) (value obtained from the above formula for calculating the collagenase inhibition rate) was 71.1%.
- Test Example 6 The wine-derived wine-derived proanthocyanidin fraction prepared in Preparation Example 3 was adjusted to 800 ⁇ g / mL of a 10% DMSO solution, and the collagenase inhibitory activity of each fraction was evaluated according to the evaluation method of (5) collagenase inhibition test. And the results shown in Table 7 were obtained.
- the collagenase inhibition rate shown in Table 7 is a value obtained from the above-described calculation formula for the collagenase inhibition rate.
- the collagenase inhibition rate of the positive control (IP304) (value obtained from the above formula for calculating the collagenase inhibition rate) was 84.0%.
- Test Example 7 The cabernet sauvumble-derived proanthocyanidin fraction prepared in Preparation Example 4 was adjusted to an 800 ⁇ g / mL 10% DMSO solution, and the collagenase inhibitory activity of each fraction was evaluated by the above (5) evaluation method for collagenase inhibition test. The results shown in Table 8 were obtained.
- the collagenase inhibition rate shown in Table 8 is a value obtained from the above-described formula for calculating the collagenase inhibition rate.
- the collagenase inhibition rate of the positive control (IP304) (the value obtained from the above formula for calculating the collagenase inhibition rate) was 84.6%.
- the migration rate in Table 8 is the same as the migration rate in Table 5.
- a grape-derived proanthocyanidin fraction extracted with a water-containing ethanol aqueous solution of 30 v / v% to 60 v / v%, preferably 30 v / v% to 50 v / v% is rich in oligomeric proanthocyanidins having a high degree of polymerization. And showed high collagenase inhibitory activity.
- oligomeric proanthocyanidins useful in the fields of foods, drinks, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals can be purified with high purity.
- the oligomeric proanthocyanidins obtained by the purification method of the present invention have excellent whitening action, hyaluronidase inhibitory action, and collagenase inhibitory action, and are useful in the fields of cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and the like.
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Abstract
Description
本発明者らは、上記知見に基づきさらに研究を重ね、本発明を完成させた。
(1)重合度の異なる複数種のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを含有する原料を、水又はアルコール水溶液を抽出溶媒として抽出する抽出工程を含み、該抽出工程において、目的とするオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの重合度に応じて該抽出溶媒のアルコール濃度を設定し、目的の重合度のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを抽出することを特徴とするオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの精製方法。
(2)抽出温度が、70~100℃未満である前記(1)に記載の方法。
(3)アルコールがエタノールである前記(1)又は(2)に記載の方法。
(4)精製方法が、(A)平均重合度が5~8未満のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの精製方法である、又は(B)平均重合度が8以上のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの精製方法である前記(1)~(3)のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
(5)(A)精製方法が、平均重合度が5~8未満のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの精製方法であり、抽出溶媒のアルコール濃度を0~20v/v%とする、又は(B)精製方法が、平均重合度が8以上のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの精製方法であり、抽出溶媒のアルコール濃度を30~60v/v%とする前記(1)~(4)のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
(6)精製方法が、平均重合度が8~10のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの精製方法であり、抽出溶媒が40~50v/v%のエタノール水溶液である前記(1)~(5)のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
(7)重合度の異なる複数種のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを含有する原料が、植物由来である前記(1)~(6)のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
(8)植物由来の原料が、ブドウ果実、ブドウ種皮及びブドウの種子からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種のブドウ由来の原料である前記(7)に記載の方法。
(9)ブドウ果実、ブドウ種皮及びブドウの種子からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種のブドウ由来の原料を、70~100℃未満で30~60v/v%のアルコール水溶液中で抽出する抽出工程を含むことを特徴とするメラニン生成抑制作用を有するオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの精製方法。
(10)オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを有効成分とし、該オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンが、ブドウ果実、ブドウ種皮及びブドウの種子からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種のブドウ由来の原料を30~60v/v%のアルコール水溶液中で抽出して得られる抽出液、又は抽出物に含有されるものであることを特徴とするヒアルロニダーゼ阻害剤。
(11)抽出温度が、70~100℃未満である前記(10)に記載のヒアルロニダーゼ阻害剤。
(12)オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを有効成分とし、該オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンが、ブドウ果実、ブドウ種皮及びブドウの種子からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種のブドウ由来の原料を30~60v/v%のアルコール水溶液中で抽出して得られる抽出液、又は抽出物に含有されるものであることを特徴とするコラゲナーゼ阻害剤。
(13)抽出温度が、70~100℃未満である前記(12)に記載のコラゲナーゼ阻害剤。
(14)アルコールがエタノールである前記(10)~(13)のいずれか一項に記載の阻害剤。
(15)アルコール水溶液が、40~50v/v%のエタノール水溶液である前記(10)~(14)のいずれか一項に記載の阻害剤。
(16)オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの平均重合度が、8~10である前記(10)~(15)のいずれか一項に記載の阻害剤。
(17)平均重合度が8~10のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを有効成分とすることを特徴とするヒアルロニダーゼ阻害剤。
(18)平均重合度が8~10のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを有効成分とすることを特徴とするコラゲナーゼ阻害剤。
(19)オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンが、ブドウ果実、ブドウ種皮及びブドウの種子からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種のブドウ由来の原料に含まれるものである前記(17)又は(18)に記載の阻害剤。
(20)オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの平均重合度が8.5~9.5である前記(17)~(19)のいずれか一項に記載の阻害剤。
(21)オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンが、ブドウ果実、ブドウ種皮及びブドウの種子からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種のブドウ由来の原料を、70~100℃未満で30~60v/v%のアルコール水溶液中で抽出して得られる抽出液、又は抽出物に含まれるものである前記(17)~(20)のいずれか一項に記載の阻害剤。
(22)ブドウが、カベルネ・ソーヴィニヨンである前記(19)~(21)のいずれか一項に記載の阻害剤。
(23)皮膚外用剤又は化粧品である前記(10)~(22)のいずれか一項に記載の阻害剤。
(24)重合度の異なる複数種のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを含有する原料を、水又はアルコール水溶液を抽出溶媒として抽出する抽出工程を含み、該抽出工程において、目的とするオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの重合度に応じて該抽出溶媒のアルコール濃度を設定し、目的の重合度のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを抽出することを特徴とするオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの重合度の調整方法。
(25)
(A)抽出溶媒のアルコール濃度を0~20v/v%とすることにより、抽出液中のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの平均重合度を5~8未満に調整する、又は(B)抽出溶媒のアルコール濃度を30~60v/v%とすることにより、抽出液中のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの平均重合度を8以上に調整する前記(24)に記載の方法。
本発明のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの精製方法は、重合度の異なる複数種のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを含有する原料を、水又はアルコール水溶液を抽出溶媒として抽出する抽出工程を含む。
本発明の方法は、本発明の効果を奏することになる限り、抽出工程以外の工程を含んでもよい。
重合度の異なる複数種のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを含有する原料を、水又はアルコール水溶液を抽出溶媒として抽出する抽出工程を含み、該抽出工程において、目的とするオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの重合度に応じて該抽出溶媒のアルコール濃度を設定し、目的の重合度のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを抽出するオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの重合度の調整方法も、本発明に包含される。
例えば、抽出工程において、抽出溶媒のアルコール濃度を約0~20v/v%とすると、原料から平均重合度が約5~8未満のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンが抽出され、これにより抽出液中のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの平均重合度を約5~8未満とすることができる。また、抽出溶媒のアルコール濃度を通常約30~70v/v%、好ましくは約30~60v/v%、より好ましくは約30~50v/v%とすると、原料から平均重合度が約8以上のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンが抽出される。これにより、抽出液中のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの平均重合度を約8以上とすることができる。従って、抽出溶媒のアルコール濃度に応じて、抽出液中のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの重合度を所望の範囲に調整することができる。このように、(A)抽出溶媒のアルコール濃度を約0~20v/v%とすることにより、抽出液中のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの平均重合度を約5~8未満に調整する、又は(B)抽出溶媒のアルコール濃度を約30~60v/v%(好ましくは約30~50v/v%)とすることにより、抽出液中のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの平均重合度を約8以上に調整する調整方法は、本発明の好ましい実施態様の1つである。抽出されるオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの平均重合度の上限は、通常10程度である。
平均重合度が約8~10のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを有効成分とするコラゲナーゼ阻害剤も、本発明に包含される。
本発明においては、平均重合度が約8~10となる重合体が含まれていれば、オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジン中にモノマーやダイマー、その他の断片が存在しても、優れたヒアルロニダーゼ阻害活性、優れたコラゲナーゼ阻害活性が得られる。平均重合度が約8~10のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンは、好ましくは、ブドウ果実、ブドウ種皮及びブドウの種子からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種のブドウ由来の原料に含まれるものである。このようなブドウ由来の原料に含まれるオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンは、例えば、上述した精製方法により原料から得ることができる。オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの平均重合度の下限は、好ましくは約8.5である。
ブドウ由来の原料及びその好ましい態様は、上述した精製方法におけるものと同じである。ブドウは、特に好ましくは、カベルネ・ソーヴィニヨンである。
本発明の阻害剤の製造には、上記抽出工程で得られるオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを含有する抽出液、又は抽出物を使用することができる。前記抽出物として、例えば、回収した抽出液から溶媒除去、OPC分の濃縮、乾燥、粉末化等の処理を行って得られる抽出液の濃縮物、乾燥物、粉末等の処理物等を好適に使用できる。また、上記抽出工程により得られる抽出液又はその濃縮物等を、上述した限外ろ過等の膜処理、又は吸着クロマトグラフィー等の各種クロマトグラフィー処理して得られるOPCを高純度で含有する画分も、本発明における抽出物として好適に使用できる。
例えば、ヒアルロニダーゼ阻害剤、コラゲナーゼ阻害剤、メラニン生成抑制剤、及び美白剤を皮膚外用剤等とする場合、剤型等は特に限定されず、例えば軟膏、クリーム、乳液、ローション、美容液、パック、浴用剤、洗顔料等とすることができる。ヒアルロニダーゼ阻害剤、コラゲナーゼ阻害剤、メラニン生成抑制剤、及び美白剤を化粧品とする場合、その形態は特に限定されず、例えば、化粧水、乳液、美容液、クリーム、パック等の皮膚化粧品;メイクアップベースローション、メイクアップベースクリーム、パウダー状、液状又はクリーム状のファンデーション等のメイクアップ化粧品;ハンドクリーム、レッグクリーム、ボディローション等の身体用化粧品;洗顔料、ボディーソープ等とすることができる。
配合成分としては、美白剤、保湿剤、酸化防止剤、油性成分、紫外線吸収剤、界面活性剤、増粘剤、アルコール類、粉末成分、色剤、水、各種皮膚栄養剤、防腐・殺菌剤、収斂剤、香料等の各種成分、添加剤等が挙げられ、これらの1種又は2種以上を必要に応じて適宜配合することができる。上述した本発明における有効成分、例えば、上記オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジン、又は上記精製方法で得られるオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを含有する抽出液又は抽出物に、これらの通常使用される成分、添加剤等を適宜配合し、常法に従って、皮膚外用剤、化粧品、医薬部外品等を得ることができる。
美白剤として、例えば、アルブチン、コウジ酸及びその誘導体、ハイドロキノン誘導体、エラグ酸及びその誘導体、トラネキサム酸及びその誘導体、レゾルシノール誘導体、システイン及びその誘導体、松樹皮抽出物等、2,5-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸誘導体、ニコチン誘導体、α-ヒドロキシ酸等が挙げられる。
即ち、1日数回(例えば、約1~5回、好ましくは約1~3回)、適量(例えば、約0.05~2g)を皮膚に塗布すればよい。またオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジン(好ましくは、平均重合度が約8~10のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジン)の1日使用量が、好ましくは約0.00025~0.25mg、より好ましくは約0.005~0.2mgとなるように組成物を塗布すればよい。塗布期間は特に限定されない。
実施例中、アルコール濃度(%)は、特に断らない限り体積%(v/v%)である。
白ワイン用ブドウ圧搾物(シャルドネ)からのプロアントシアニジン類の調製
白ワイン製造工程で得られるシャルドネ(ブドウ品種)の圧搾物(シャルドネの果皮及び種子、250g)に、抽出溶媒として10倍量の水を加え、80℃で1時間加熱抽出を行った。得られた熱水抽出液をナイロンメッシュ(日本理化学器械株式会社製、商品名:NRS-200)により粗ろ過して抽出液1を得た。また、ろ過後の残渣についても再度同条件で抽出、ろ過を行い、得られた抽出液2を先の抽出液1とあわせた後、400mLまで減圧濃縮した。得られた濃縮液を珪藻土ろ過し、ろ液をアクリル系樹脂 アンバーライトXAD(登録商標)-7HP(オルガノ株式会社、100mL)を充填したカラムに通導させた後、水(200mL)を通液させ、余分な糖類及び有機酸を除いた(糖類及び有機酸を溶出させた)。その後、溶離液として70%エタノール水溶液(400mL)を用いて、カラムからポリフェノールを溶出させた。得られた溶出液を減圧濃縮した後、凍結乾燥に供し、白ワイン用ブドウ由来プロアントシアニジン画分1を1.62g得た。
上記(1)の方法の加熱抽出において、抽出溶媒として、水の代わりに10%、20%、30%、50%、及び70%エタノール水溶液をそれぞれ用いた以外は、上記(1)と同様の操作を行って、白ワイン用ブドウ由来プロアントシアニジンを抽出、及び精製した。これにより、白ワイン用ブドウ由来プロアントシアニジン画分2~6を、それぞれ2.03g(抽出溶媒10%エタノール水溶液)、2.06g(抽出溶媒20%エタノール水溶液)、2.57g(抽出溶媒30%エタノール水溶液)、2.80g(抽出溶媒50%エタノール水溶液)、及び2.32g(抽出溶媒70%エタノール水溶液)得た。
赤ワイン用ブドウ圧搾物(カベルネ・ソーヴィニヨン)からのプロアントシアニジン類の調製
赤ワイン製造工程で得られるカベルネ・ソーヴィニヨン(ブドウ品種)の圧搾物(カベルネ・ソーヴィニヨンの果皮及び種子、30g)に、抽出溶媒として10倍量の水を加え、80℃で1時間加熱抽出を行った。得られた熱水抽出液を、ナイロンメッシュ(日本理化学器械株式会社製、商品名:NRS-200)により粗ろ過して抽出液を得た。得られた抽出液を10mLまで減圧濃縮した後、水にて45mLまでメスアップし、3日間冷蔵庫で静置した。次にこの抽出液を遠心分離(3000rpm、5分)に供し、その上澄み液をアクリル系樹脂 アンバーライトXAD(登録商標)-7HP(オルガノ社、20mL)を充填したカラムに通導させた後、水(40mL)を通液させ余分な糖類及び有機酸を除いた(糖類及び有機酸を溶出させた)。その後、溶離液として70%エタノール水溶液(80mL)を用いて、カラムからポリフェノールを溶出させた。得られた溶出液を減圧濃縮した後、凍結乾燥し、赤ワイン用ブドウ由来プロアントシアニジン画分1を46mg得た。
上記(1)の方法の加熱抽出において、抽出溶媒として、水の代わりに10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、及び70%エタノール水溶液をそれぞれ用いた以外は、上記(1)と同様の操作を行って、赤ワイン用ブドウ由来プロアントシアニジンを抽出、及び精製した。これにより、赤ワイン用ブドウ由来プロアントシアニジン画分2~8を、それぞれ58mg(抽出溶媒10%エタノール水溶液)、78mg(抽出溶媒20%エタノール水溶液)、89mg(抽出溶媒30%エタノール水溶液)、97mg(抽出溶媒40%エタノール水溶液)、104mg(抽出溶媒50%エタノール水溶液)、99mg(抽出溶媒60%エタノール水溶液)、及び76mg(抽出溶媒70%エタノール水溶液)得た。
品種によるブドウ由来プロアントシアニジン画分の違いを評価するため、以下の品種のブドウの圧搾物を用いて、ブドウ由来のプロアントシアニジンを抽出、及び精製した。
白ワイン用ブドウ圧搾物
・シャルドネの圧搾物(調製例1で用いた白ワイン用ブドウ圧搾物)
・甲州の圧搾物(甲州の果皮及び種子)
赤ワイン用ブドウ圧搾物
・カベルネ・ソーヴィニヨンの圧搾物(調製例2で用いた赤ワイン用ブドウ圧搾物)
・コンコードの圧搾物(コンコードの果皮及び種子)
・メルローの圧搾物(メルローの果皮及び種子)
・マスカットベリーAの圧搾物(マスカットベリーAの果皮及び種子)
調製例3で得られたシャルドネ由来プロアントシアニジン画分及びカベルネ・ソーヴィニヨン由来プロアントシアニジン画分それぞれを、Sephadex LH-20(商品名、Pharmacia fine chemicals社)を用いて精製及び分画を行い、単純ポリフェノール画分、カテキン・エピカテキン画分、低分子オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジン画分、及び高分子オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジン画分の4つに分けた。移動相には、水(CVの3倍量)、20%エタノール水溶液(CVの3倍量)、35%エタノール水溶液(CVの3倍量)、55%エタノール水溶液(CVの3倍量)、75%エタノール水溶液(CVの3倍量)、及び70%アセトン水溶液(CVの3倍量)をこの順に用いた。
20%エタノール水溶液による溶出画分を、単純ポリフェノール画分、35%エタノール水溶液による溶出画分を、カテキン・エピカテキン画分、55%エタノール水溶液による溶出画分を、低分子オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジン画分、75%エタノール水溶液による溶出画分を、高分子オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジン画分としてそれぞれ得た。
上記で調製したワイン用ブドウ圧搾物由来プロアントシアニジン画分の評価方法を、以下に示す。
ワイン用ブドウ圧搾物由来プロアントシアニジン画分のオリゴメリックプロアントシアンジン純度は、特許第4659407号に示された方法に準じた方法で求めた。具体的には、以下の方法で純度を求めた。
まず、上記調製例で調製したワイン用ブドウ圧搾物由来プロアントシアニジン画分各1.0mgに0.6N 塩酸/ブタノールを1.0mL加え、これを90℃にて2時間反応させ、オリゴメリックプロアントシアンジン類をシアニジンに分解した。得られた反応溶液について、後記の高速液体クロマトグラフィーの分析条件にて分析を行い、反応溶液中に含まれるシアニジン量を定量した後、下に示す計算式によりオリゴメリックプロアントシアンジン純度を算出した。また、標準物質には、プロアントシアニジンB-1(PB-1、フナコシ株式会社:NIU-N210)を使用した。
検出波長:520nm
カラム:YMC-Pack ODS A-312 (φ6.0 × 150.0 mm、商品名、ワイエムシー株式会社製)
溶媒:水:メタノール:酢酸=67.5:17.5:15.0(体積比)
カラム温度:40℃
流速:1.0mL/min
上記調製例で調製されたワイン用ブドウ由来プロアントシアニジン画分のオリゴメリックプロアントシアンジン重合度を、以下に示すHPLCの条件で測定した。また検量線の作成には、Shodex社のSL-105(Lot. 00301)及び(+)-カテキン水和物(Sigma株式会社:C1251)を用いた。
検出器:RI
カラム:Shodex(登録商標) OHpak SB-806MHQ (φ7.6×250 mm)(昭和電工株式会社製)
Shodex(登録商標) OHpak SB-802.5HQ(φ7.6×250 mm)(昭和電工株式会社製)
(Guard column:Shodex(登録商標) OHpak SB-G)(昭和電工株式会社製)
溶媒(移動相):20mM LiBr/DMF
カラム温度:40℃
流速:0.6mL/min
評価サンプルは、50mg/mLになるよう20mM LiBr/DMFで溶解後、10uLインジェクトした。
オリゴメリックプロアントシアンジンの平均重合度は、上記HPLCによる測定結果からGPCソフトウェア(株式会社島津製作所)を使用して数平均分子量を算出し、得られた数平均分子量をカテキンの分子量(Mw 290)で除して計算した。
1)培地
10%仔牛血清含有イーグル最小必須培地(以下、単に培地という)。
2)試験サンプル
試験濃度の200倍のDMSO溶液を作製し、試験時に培地で200倍希釈して試験に用いた。対照にはDMSO溶液を、陽性対照は10mM アルブチン(Arbutin)のDMSO溶液を作製し、いずれも試験時に培地で200倍希釈して試験に用いた。
1日目:1.5×105個のB16メラノーマ細胞を、5mLの培地とともに60mm×15mmシャーレに播種し、CO2インキュベータ(37℃、CO2分圧5%)で培養した。なお、試験はn=2で行なった。
2日目:試験サンプルを含む培地と交換し、CO2インキュベータで3日間培養した。
5日目:2日目と同じ試験サンプルを含む培地と交換し、CO2インキュベータでさらに2日間培養した。
7日目:培養した細胞を破砕し、メラニン量と蛋白量を測定した。
培地を除去し、5mLのPBS(-)で細胞を洗浄した。洗浄液を除去後、0.02%EDTA・PBS(-)1mLを加え、37℃、5分インキュベート後、ピペッティングを行なって細胞を懸濁させた。細胞懸濁液0.9mLを2.0mL容のエッペンドルフチューブにとり、遠心(5000rpm、1分)後、上澄を除いた。PBS(-) 0.9mLを添加してボルテックスミキサーで細胞を分散させ、遠心(5000rpm、1分)後、上澄を除いた。50mMリン酸緩衝液(pH 6.8)0.45mLを添加してボルテックスミキサーで細胞を分散させた後、超音波破砕装置(コスモバイオ社、型番UCD-250HSA)で細胞を氷冷条件下で破砕した。
破砕条件:出力250W 30 sec ON/30 sec OFF/Total 5 min
細胞破砕液400μLを2.0mL容のエッペンドルフチューブにとり、同量の4N-NaOHを添加し、60℃、2時間加熱してメラニンの溶出処理を行なった。処理液を96穴マイクロプレートに200μLずつ3wellにとり、492nmの吸光度を測定して平均値を求めた。各サンプルともn=2で試験を行なったので、さらにそれらの平均値を求め、メラニン(ナカライテスク社)を用いてあらかじめ作成しておいたメラニンの検量線からメラニン量を算出した。
細胞破砕液35μLを等量の50mMリン酸緩衝液(pH 6.8)で希釈し、96穴マイクロプレートに5μLずつ3wellにとり、DCプロテインアッセイキット II(バイオ・ラッド社)を用いて反応させ、690nmの吸光度を測定して平均値を求めた。各サンプルともn=2で試験を行なったので、さらにそれらの平均値を求め、アッセイキットのウシ血清アルブミンを用いてあらかじめ作成しておいた蛋白の検量線から蛋白量を算出した。
対照(DMSO)のメラニン量、蛋白量を100として、ブランク、アルブチン(陽性対照)、及び各サンプルのメラニン量、及び蛋白量の比を算出した。さらに対照(DMSO)の(メラニン量/蛋白量)比を100としてアルブチン(陽性対照)及びサンプルの(メラニン量/蛋白量)比を算出し、100からこの値を差し引いてアルブチン(陽性対照)及びサンプルのメラニン生成抑制率を求めた。また、試験例1、3及び4においては、試料濃度を公比2倍で希釈して抑制率を求め、各試験濃度のメラニン生成抑制率から、50%抑制する試料濃度「IC50(μg/mL)」を内挿法により求めた。「IC50(μg/mL)」は、メラニン生成を50%抑制するために必要な濃度を示し、より低い値を示す化合物は抑制剤としての活性がより高いと言える。
ワイン用ブドウ由来オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンのヒアルロニダーゼ阻害試験は、文献(前田有美恵ら、食品衛生学雑誌31(3),233-237(1990))の方法を改変し、以下の方法にて実施した。ヒアルロン酸はヒアルロニダーゼによりN-アセチルへキソサミンに分解される。還元末端のN-アセチルグルコサミンを、p-ジメチルアミノベンズアルデヒド(和光純薬工業株式会社製、以下p-DABと略す)標識による発色により吸光度で定量することにより、ヒアルロニダーゼ阻害活性を測定した。
a:酵素を添加した試料溶液のA585
b:酵素を添加していない試料溶液のA585
c:酵素を添加した対照溶液のA585
d:酵素を添加していない対照溶液のA585
ワイン用ブドウ由来オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンのコラゲナーゼ阻害試験は、文献(Wunschら、Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem., 333,149-51(1963))の方法を改変し、以下の方法にて実施した。
a:試料添加時 反応30分後の吸光度
b:試料添加時 反応0分後の吸光度
c:試料無添加 反応30分後の吸光度
d:試料無添加 反応0分後の吸光度
上記式において、コラゲナーゼの活性が完全に阻害された場合には、コラゲナーゼ阻害率(%)は100%となる。高い「阻害率(%)」を示す化合物が、阻害剤としての活性がより高いと言える。
調製例1で調製した白ワイン用ブドウ由来プロアントシアニジン画分1~6について、上記評価方法により効能等を評価したところ、表1に示す結果を得た。
調製例2で調製した赤ワイン用ブドウ由来プロアントシアニジン画分1~8について、上記評価方法により効能等を評価し、表2に示す結果を得た。
調製例3で調製したワイン用ブドウ由来プロアントシアニジン画分について、上記評価方法により効能等を評価し、表3に示す結果を得た。
調製例4で調製したワイン用ブドウ由来プロアントシアニジン画分について、上記評価方法により効能等を評価し、表4及び表5に示す結果を得た。シャルドネ由来プロアントシアニジン画分の結果を表4に、カベルネ・ソーヴィニヨン由来プロアントシアニジン画分の結果を表5に示す。表4及び表5の移行率とは、調製例4で調製したワイン用ブドウ由来プロアントシアニジン画分に含まれる単純フェノール画分量、カテキン・エピカテキン画分量、低分子OPC画分量及び高分子OPC画分量の合計を100とした場合の、単純フェノール画分量、カテキン・エピカテキン画分量、低分子OPC画分量及び高分子OPC画分量から計算されるそれぞれの画分の割合である。例えば単純フェノール画分の移行率は、以下の式により計算される。下記式中、「カテキン・エピカテキン画分」は「カテキン画分」と略記している。
調製例2で調製した赤ワイン用ブドウ由来プロアントシアニジン画分1~8を、800μg/mLの10%DMSO溶液に調整し、上記(5)コラゲナーゼ阻害試験の評価方法により各画分のコラゲナーゼ阻害活性を評価し、表6に示す結果を得た。表6に示すコラゲナーゼ阻害率は、上記のコラゲナーゼ阻害率の計算式から求めた値である。陽性対照(IP304)のコラゲナーゼ阻害率(上記のコラゲナーゼ阻害率の計算式から求めた値)は、71.1%であった。
調製例3で調製した熱水抽出のワイン用ブドウ由来プロアントシアニジン画分を、800μg/mLの10%DMSO溶液に調整し、上記(5)コラゲナーゼ阻害試験の評価方法により各画分のコラゲナーゼ阻害活性を評価し、表7に示す結果を得た。表7に示すコラゲナーゼ阻害率は、上記のコラゲナーゼ阻害率の計算式から求めた値である。陽性対照(IP304)のコラゲナーゼ阻害率(上記のコラゲナーゼ阻害率の計算式から求めた値)は、84.0%であった。
調製例4で調製したカベルネ・ソーヴィニヨン由来プロアントシアニジン画分を、800μg/mLの10%DMSO溶液に調整し、上記(5)コラゲナーゼ阻害試験の評価方法により各画分のコラゲナーゼ阻害活性を評価し、表8に示す結果を得た。表8に示すコラゲナーゼ阻害率は、上記のコラゲナーゼ阻害率の計算式から求めた値である。陽性対照(IP304)のコラゲナーゼ阻害率(上記のコラゲナーゼ阻害率の計算式から求めた値)は、84.6%であった。表8の移行率とは、表5における移行率と同じである。
Claims (25)
- 重合度の異なる複数種のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを含有する原料を、水又はアルコール水溶液を抽出溶媒として抽出する抽出工程を含み、該抽出工程において、目的とするオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの重合度に応じて該抽出溶媒のアルコール濃度を設定し、目的の重合度のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを抽出することを特徴とするオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの精製方法。
- 抽出温度が、70~100℃未満である請求項1に記載の方法。
- アルコールがエタノールである請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 精製方法が、(A)平均重合度が5~8未満のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの精製方法である、又は(B)平均重合度が8以上のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの精製方法である請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- (A)精製方法が、平均重合度が5~8未満のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの精製方法であり、抽出溶媒のアルコール濃度を0~20v/v%とする、又は(B)精製方法が、平均重合度が8以上のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの精製方法であり、抽出溶媒のアルコール濃度を30~60v/v%とする請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 精製方法が、平均重合度が8~10のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの精製方法であり、抽出溶媒が40~50v/v%のエタノール水溶液である請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 重合度の異なる複数種のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを含有する原料が、植物由来である請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 植物由来の原料が、ブドウ果実、ブドウ種皮及びブドウの種子からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種のブドウ由来の原料である請求項7に記載の方法。
- ブドウ果実、ブドウ種皮及びブドウの種子からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種のブドウ由来の原料を、70~100℃未満で30~60v/v%のアルコール水溶液中で抽出する抽出工程を含むことを特徴とするメラニン生成抑制作用を有するオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの精製方法。
- オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを有効成分とし、該オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンが、ブドウ果実、ブドウ種皮及びブドウの種子からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種のブドウ由来の原料を30~60v/v%のアルコール水溶液中で抽出して得られる抽出液、又は抽出物に含有されるものであることを特徴とするヒアルロニダーゼ阻害剤。
- 抽出温度が、70~100℃未満である請求項10に記載のヒアルロニダーゼ阻害剤。
- オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを有効成分とし、該オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンが、ブドウ果実、ブドウ種皮及びブドウの種子からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種のブドウ由来の原料を30~60v/v%のアルコール水溶液中で抽出して得られる抽出液、又は抽出物に含有されるものであることを特徴とするコラゲナーゼ阻害剤。
- 抽出温度が、70~100℃未満である請求項12に記載のコラゲナーゼ阻害剤。
- アルコールがエタノールである請求項10~13のいずれか一項に記載の阻害剤。
- アルコール水溶液が、40~50v/v%のエタノール水溶液である請求項10~14のいずれか一項に記載の阻害剤。
- オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの平均重合度が、8~10である請求項10~15のいずれか一項に記載の阻害剤。
- 平均重合度が8~10のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを有効成分とすることを特徴とするヒアルロニダーゼ阻害剤。
- 平均重合度が8~10のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを有効成分とすることを特徴とするコラゲナーゼ阻害剤。
- オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンが、ブドウ果実、ブドウ種皮及びブドウの種子からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種のブドウ由来の原料に含まれるものである請求項17又は18に記載の阻害剤。
- オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの平均重合度が8.5~9.5である請求項17~19のいずれか一項に記載の阻害剤。
- オリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンが、ブドウ果実、ブドウ種皮及びブドウの種子からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種のブドウ由来の原料を、70~100℃未満で30~60v/v%のアルコール水溶液中で抽出して得られる抽出液、又は抽出物に含まれるものである請求項17~20のいずれか一項に記載の阻害剤。
- ブドウが、カベルネ・ソーヴィニヨンである請求項19~21のいずれか一項に記載の阻害剤。
- 皮膚外用剤又は化粧品である請求項10~22のいずれか一項に記載の阻害剤。
- 重合度の異なる複数種のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを含有する原料を、水又はアルコール水溶液を抽出溶媒として抽出する抽出工程を含み、該抽出工程において、目的とするオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの重合度に応じて該抽出溶媒のアルコール濃度を設定し、目的の重合度のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンを抽出することを特徴とするオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの重合度の調整方法。
- (A)抽出溶媒のアルコール濃度を0~20v/v%とすることにより、抽出液中のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの平均重合度を5~8未満に調整する、又は(B)抽出溶媒のアルコール濃度を30~60v/v%とすることにより、抽出液中のオリゴメリックプロアントシアニジンの平均重合度を8以上に調整する請求項24に記載の方法。
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WO2023058649A1 (ja) * | 2021-10-05 | 2023-04-13 | 一丸ファルコス株式会社 | ストレス改善剤 |
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CN113244224B (zh) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-06-03 | 中南林业科技大学 | 一种鞣花酸缓释凝胶及其制备方法和应用 |
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WO2023058649A1 (ja) * | 2021-10-05 | 2023-04-13 | 一丸ファルコス株式会社 | ストレス改善剤 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPWO2013100003A1 (ja) | 2015-05-11 |
CN103998441A (zh) | 2014-08-20 |
JP5905492B2 (ja) | 2016-04-20 |
CN103998441B (zh) | 2016-02-17 |
TW201332985A (zh) | 2013-08-16 |
HK1196360A1 (zh) | 2014-12-12 |
TWI574954B (zh) | 2017-03-21 |
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