WO2013094064A1 - 摺動部材及び軸受 - Google Patents

摺動部材及び軸受 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013094064A1
WO2013094064A1 PCT/JP2011/079898 JP2011079898W WO2013094064A1 WO 2013094064 A1 WO2013094064 A1 WO 2013094064A1 JP 2011079898 W JP2011079898 W JP 2011079898W WO 2013094064 A1 WO2013094064 A1 WO 2013094064A1
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Prior art keywords
sliding
layer
porous layer
thickness
sliding member
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2011/079898
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
良一 倉田
田所　健三
和重 熊谷
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千住金属工業株式会社
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=48667988&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2013094064(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by 千住金属工業株式会社 filed Critical 千住金属工業株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2011/079898 priority Critical patent/WO2013094064A1/ja
Priority to CN201180068953.6A priority patent/CN103403375B/zh
Priority to US14/122,658 priority patent/US9163669B2/en
Priority to JP2013510383A priority patent/JP5267756B1/ja
Priority to KR1020137019401A priority patent/KR101487120B1/ko
Priority to EP11877767.1A priority patent/EP2787227B1/en
Priority to TW101148923A priority patent/TWI452216B/zh
Publication of WO2013094064A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013094064A1/ja

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/14—Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
    • F16C33/145—Special methods of manufacture; Running-in of sintered porous bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/02—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/14—Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/201—Composition of the plastic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/203—Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining
    • F16C33/206—Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining with three layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/208—Methods of manufacture, e.g. shaping, applying coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
    • F16C2202/50—Lubricating properties
    • F16C2202/52—Graphite
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
    • F16C2202/50—Lubricating properties
    • F16C2202/54—Molybdenum disulfide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
    • F16C2204/10—Alloys based on copper
    • F16C2204/12—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/02—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers comprising fillers, fibres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/20—Thermoplastic resins
    • F16C2208/30—Fluoropolymers
    • F16C2208/32—Polytetrafluorethylene [PTFE]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2220/00—Shaping
    • F16C2220/20—Shaping by sintering pulverised material, e.g. powder metallurgy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/48—Particle sizes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/60—Thickness, e.g. thickness of coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C31/00—Bearings for parts which both rotate and move linearly
    • F16C31/02—Sliding-contact bearings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sliding member and a bearing used for a bearing that slidably supports a shaft.
  • a sliding material obtained by bonding a Cu-Sn alloy on a steel plate has been used in many cases.
  • Conventionally used Cu-Sn alloys are Cu-Sn-Pb alloys, which ensured good slidability by adding Pb (lead).
  • a conventional sliding member using a resin material is formed by forming a porous layer of Cu-Sn alloy on a steel plate and impregnating the porous layer with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as a resin material. It is a configuration.
  • the porous layer is made of Cu-Sn alloy powder dispersed on the steel plate, and the Cu-Sn alloy powder dispersed on the steel plate is sintered in a sintering furnace. A layer is formed.
  • the particle size of the metal powder forming the porous layer is about 75 to 150 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the sliding layer is about 0.2 to 0.4 mm, but the particle size of the metal powder forming the porous layer is larger than the thickness of the sliding layer. Since the variation was large, the porous layer became thicker than the sliding layer, and the allowable amount of wear of the sliding layer until the porous layer was exposed on the surface of the sliding layer was small.
  • the sliding member in which the sliding layer is formed of a resin material is applied to a bearing used in an oil lubrication environment, but the oil film may be temporarily cut.
  • the resin material that forms the sliding layer plays a role as a lubricant. Bear.
  • the present invention was made in order to solve such problems, and the sliding member which improved the seizure resistance by suppressing the exposure of the porous layer, and improved the wear resistance and load resistance, And it aims at providing the bearing which uses this sliding member.
  • the present inventors have found that by reducing the particle size of the metal powder forming the porous layer, exposure of the porous layer is suppressed, seizure resistance is improved, and load resistance is improved. . It has also been found that wear resistance is improved by reducing the thickness of the sliding layer.
  • the present invention provides a sliding surface in which a metal layer is sintered on one surface of a metal substrate to form a porous layer, and a resin material impregnated in the porous layer is fired to form a sliding layer.
  • the moving member is a sliding member in which the particle size of the metal powder is 15 to 60 ⁇ m and the thickness of the sliding layer is 0.08 to 0.16 mm.
  • the present invention provides a bearing in which a porous layer is formed by sintering metal powder on one surface of a metal substrate, and a sliding layer is formed by firing a resin material impregnated in the porous layer.
  • a bearing in which the member is annular with the sliding layer inside, and the cylindrical inner peripheral surface is constituted by the sliding layer the particle size of the metal powder is 15 to 60 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the sliding layer is 0.
  • the bearing is set to 08 to 0.16 mm.
  • the particle size of the metal powder is preferably in the range of 25 to 45 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the porous layer is preferably in the range of 0.06 to 0.1 mm, and on average, it is configured to be thinner than the thickness of the sliding layer.
  • the present invention by reducing the particle size of the metal powder forming the porous layer, exposure of the porous layer is suppressed and seizure resistance can be improved.
  • the strength of the porous layer is improved and the deformation of the porous layer is suppressed, and the deformation of the resin material entering the porous layer is suppressed, so that the load resistance can be improved.
  • the exposure of the porous layer is suppressed even if the thickness of the sliding layer is reduced, and the thickness of the sliding layer is reduced.
  • deformation of the sliding layer is suppressed, wear due to deformation of the sliding layer can be suppressed, and wear resistance can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional organization chart showing an example of the sliding member of the present embodiment.
  • a porous layer 3 is formed of an alloy material on the surface which is one surface of the metal substrate 2, and the porous layer 3 is covered with the resin material 4 to slide.
  • Layer 5 is formed.
  • the porous layer 3 is formed by sintering the metal powder 30 with a predetermined thickness on the surface of the metal substrate 2.
  • the metal powder 30 Cu—Sn alloy powder is dispersed on the copper plated steel sheet as the metal substrate 2, and the copper plated steel sheet on which the Cu—Sn alloy powder is dispersed is sintered in a sintering furnace.
  • a porous layer 3 of Cu—Sn alloy is formed on the copper plated steel sheet.
  • the sliding layer 5 is formed by impregnating the porous layer 3 formed on the surface of the metal base 2 with the resin material 4 at a predetermined thickness and firing the resin material 4 impregnated in the porous layer 3. Is done.
  • a PTFE dispersion as a resin main component and a filler such as molybdenum disulfide, graphite, or carbon fiber as a resin additive are mixed, and an organic solvent is added and stirred to produce the resin material 4.
  • the resin material 4 is placed on the porous layer 3 on the surface of the metal substrate 2 and pressed to be impregnated into the porous layer 3. And it heats more than melting
  • the sliding member 1 causes dry touch by reducing the particle size of the metal powder 30 forming the porous layer 3 as compared with the conventional case, thereby reducing the thickness of the porous layer 3 as compared with the conventional case. While suppressing the exposure of the porous layer 3, the thickness of the sliding layer 5 is made thinner than before to improve the wear resistance.
  • the sliding member 1 has a particle size R of the metal powder 30 of 15 to 60 ⁇ m, preferably about 25 to 45 ⁇ m.
  • the metal powder has a particle size of about 75 to 150 ⁇ m, a large particle size, and a large variation in particle size.
  • the particle size of the metal powder 30 is small, and the dispersion
  • the thickness of the porous layer 3 is set to such a thickness that at least two metal powders 30 overlap each other.
  • the sliding member 1, the thickness T 2 of the sliding layer 5 was set to 0.08 ⁇ 0.16 mm.
  • the thickness of the sliding layer 5 is set to be thicker on average than the thickness of the porous layer 3 so that the porous layer 3 is not exposed.
  • the thickness of the sliding layer is about 0.2 to 0.4 mm, but the particle size of the metal powder forming the porous layer is about 75 to 150 ⁇ m, and the variation in the particle size is large.
  • the amount of wear of the sliding layer allowed until the porous layer became thicker than the moving layer and the porous layer was exposed on the surface of the sliding layer was small.
  • the thickness T 2 of the sliding layer 5 is set to about 0.08 to 0.16 mm, and is configured to be thinner than the conventional one.
  • R is set to 15 to 60 ⁇ m, preferably about 25 to 45 ⁇ m, the thickness T 1 of the porous layer 3 can be reduced to about 0.06 to 0.1 mm, and the porous layer 3 is exposed. The allowable wear amount of the sliding layer 5 increases.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the bearing of the present embodiment.
  • the bearing 10 of the present embodiment is configured in a ring shape with the sliding member 1 described with reference to FIG.
  • the bearing 10 supports the shaft 11 with a sliding layer 5 that forms a cylindrical inner peripheral surface.
  • the bearing 10 can be applied to any form in which the shaft 11 rotates or linearly moves.
  • the bearing 10 of the present embodiment is used for a sliding portion where oil is used in a linear motion form, such as a shock absorber of an automobile or the like. Moreover, it is used for the sliding part where oil is used with the form which rotates, such as a gear pump which sends out oil, when a gear-shaped member rotates.
  • the shaft 11 slides in a state where the shaft 11 is in contact with a part of the surface of the sliding layer 5 by the shaft 11 rotating or linearly moving.
  • the sliding member 1 constituting the bearing 10 has a particle diameter R of the metal powder 30 forming the porous layer 3 of about 25 to 45 ⁇ m, and is made finer than the conventional one.
  • the thickness T 1 of the porous layer 3 can be thinned to approximately 0.06 ⁇ 0.1 mm, and the second thickness T 2 of about 0.08 ⁇ 0.16 mm of the sliding layer 5, as compared with the conventional Even if it is made thin, the allowable amount of wear of the sliding layer 5 until the porous layer 3 is exposed on the surface of the sliding layer 5 can be increased.
  • the bearing 10 is used in an oil lubrication environment, but the oil film may be temporarily cut. In the bearing 10, even if the oil film on the surface of the sliding layer 5 is temporarily cut, the resin material 4 forming the sliding layer 5 plays a role as a lubricant.
  • the thickness of the sliding layer 5 by reducing the thickness of the sliding layer 5, deformation of the sliding layer 5 due to sliding of the shaft 11 on the sliding layer 5 is suppressed, and wear due to deformation of the sliding layer 5 is suppressed. Even if the thickness of the sliding layer 5 is reduced, the same level of wear resistance can be obtained as compared with a conventional bearing in which the sliding layer is made of a resin material.
  • the particle size of the metal powder 30 is smaller than 25 ⁇ m on average, when the porous layer 3 is formed, the gap between the metal powders becomes small, and the resin material 4 becomes difficult to enter the porous layer 3.
  • the particle size R of the metal powder 30 is about 25 to 45 ⁇ m, the resin material 4 impregnated and fired in the porous layer 3 formed of the metal powder 30 has the following characteristics: As a result, the so-called anchor effect can be obtained, and the same level of resin adhesion can be obtained as compared with the conventional bearing in which the porous layer is made of a metal powder having a conventional particle diameter, and the metal group of the sliding layer 5 is obtained. Peeling from the material 2 is suppressed.
  • the thickness T 2 of the sliding layer 5 can be reduced to about 0.08 to 0.16 mm by setting the particle size R of the metal powder 30 forming the porous layer 3 to about 25 to 45 ⁇ m. , Load resistance is improved.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the applied load and the amount of compressive deformation.
  • Example 1 indicated by a solid line is a sliding member to which the present invention is applied.
  • the second thickness T 2 is about 0.08 ⁇ 0.16 mm, and the thickness of the entire sliding member 1 1 mm, and 0.9mm thickness of the metal substrate 2.
  • Comparative Example 1 indicated by a broken line, the entire sliding member is formed so that the particle size of the metal powder forming the porous layer is 75 to 150 ⁇ m and the thickness of the sliding layer is about 0.2 to 0.4 mm. The thickness was 1.0 mm, and the thickness of the metal substrate was 0.75 mm. Since Comparative Example 2 indicated by the alternate long and short dash line measures the difference due to the thickness of the metal substrate, the thickness of the entire sliding member is 2.0 mm and the thickness of the metal substrate is 1 under the same conditions as Comparative Example 1. 8 mm.
  • Example 1 As shown in the graph of FIG. 3, it can be seen that in Example 1, the amount of compressive deformation of the sliding layer with respect to the load is small in comparison with Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2. In contrast to Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, the thinner the metal substrate, the smaller the amount of compressive deformation of the sliding layer.
  • the particle size R of the metal powder 30 forming the porous layer 3 is increased in comparison with each comparative example, and the porous layer 3 3 and the deformation of the resin material 4 entering the porous layer 3 are suppressed, and the load resistance is improved. Therefore, it can be used in a high load environment.
  • the present invention is applied to sliding members and bearings used in an environment where oil is supplied.
  • SYMBOLS 1 Sliding member, 10 ... Bearing, 2 ... Metal base material, 3 ... Porous layer, 30 ... Metal powder, 4 ... Resin material, 5 ... Sliding layer

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

　多孔質層の露出を抑制して耐焼付性を向上させると共に、耐摩耗性及び耐荷重性を向上させた摺動部材を提供する。　摺動部材１は、円筒形状の軸受を構成し、内周面が軸との摺動層５となる。摺動部材１は、金属基材２の表面に、合金材料で多孔質層３が形成され、この多孔質層３が樹脂材料４で被覆されて摺動層５が形成される。摺動部材１は、多孔質層３を形成する金属粉末３０の粒径を、１５～６０μｍ、好ましくは、２５～４５μｍ程度とする。また、摺動部材１は、多孔質層３の厚さを、０．０６～０．１ｍｍの範囲とし、摺動層５の厚さを、０．０８～０．１６ｍｍとした。摺動層５の厚さは、多孔質層３が露出しないように、多孔質層３の厚さより平均して厚く設定される。

Description

摺動部材及び軸受
　本発明は、軸を摺動可能に支持する軸受に使用される摺動部材及び軸受に関する。
　摺動部材としては、鋼板上にCu-Sn系合金を貼り合せた摺動材料が多く使用されてきた。従来使用されてきたCu-Sn系合金は、Cu-Sn-Pb合金で、Pb（鉛）の添加により良好な摺動性を確保していた。
　一方、Pbの人体に対する有害性から、近年Pbの使用が様々な分野で規制されており、摺動部材でも、Pbを使用しない材料が提案されている。このようなPbを使用しない摺動材料として、樹脂材料を使用した摺動部材が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
　従来の樹脂材料を用いた摺動部材は、鋼板上にCu-Sn系合金の多孔質層を形成し、この多孔質層に、樹脂材料としてポリテトラフルオロエチレン（ＰＴＦＥ）を含浸させて被覆した構成である。多孔質層は、鋼板上にCu-Sn系合金粉が散布され、Cu-Sn系合金粉が散布された鋼板が焼結炉で焼結されて、鋼板上にCu-Sn系合金の多孔質層が形成される。
特開２００６－２２６２９９号公報
　従来、多孔質層を形成する金属粉末の粒径は、７５～１５０μｍ程度である。これに対して摺動層の厚さは、０．２～０．４ｍｍ程度であるが、摺動層の厚さに対して多孔質層を形成する金属粉末の粒径が大きく、粒径のばらつきも大きいので、摺動層に対して多孔質層が厚くなり、摺動層の表面に多孔質層が露出するまでの、許容される摺動層の摩耗量が少なかった。
　摺動層が樹脂材料で形成される摺動部材は、オイル潤滑環境下で使用される軸受に適用されるが、一時的に油膜が切れることがある。摺動層が樹脂材料で形成される摺動部材が適用された軸受では、摺動層の表面の油膜が一時的に切れても、摺動層を形成する樹脂材料が潤滑材としての役割を担う。
　しかし、摺動層の表面に多孔質層が露出するまでの、許容される摺動層の摩耗量が少ないと、油膜が切れた状態で摺動対象物である軸等が多孔質層に接触するドライタッチと呼ばれる現象が起こる。ドライタッチが起こると、軸受と軸との焼き付き、軸の損傷等が発生する可能性があった。
　本発明は、このような課題を解決するためになされたもので、多孔質層の露出を抑制して耐焼付性を向上させると共に、耐摩耗性及び耐荷重性を向上させた摺動部材、及びこの摺動部材を使用した軸受を提供することを目的とする。
　本発明者らは、多孔質層を形成する金属粉末の粒径を小さくすることで、多孔質層の露出が抑制され、耐焼付性が向上すると共に、耐荷重性が向上することを見出した。また、摺動層の厚さを薄くすることで、耐摩耗性が向上することを見出した。
　そこで、本発明は、金属基材の一の面に、金属粉末を焼結させて多孔質層が形成され、多孔質層に含浸させた樹脂材料を焼成させて摺動層が形成される摺動部材において、金属粉末の粒径を、１５～６０μｍとし、摺動層の厚さを、０．０８～０．１６ｍｍとした摺動部材である。
　また、本発明は、金属基材の一の面に、金属粉末を焼結させて多孔質層が形成され、多孔質層に含浸させた樹脂材料を焼成させて摺動層が形成される軸受部材を、摺動層を内側として環状とし、円筒状の内周面を摺動層で構成した軸受において、金属粉末の粒径を、１５～６０μｍとし、摺動層の厚さを、０．０８～０．１６ｍｍとした軸受である。
　金属粉末の粒径は、２５～４５μｍの範囲であることが好ましい。また、多孔質層の厚さは、０．０６～０．１ｍｍの範囲であることが好ましく、平均して摺動層の厚さより薄く構成される。
　本発明では、多孔質層を形成する金属粉末の粒径を微細化することで、多孔質層の露出が抑制され耐焼付性を向上させることができる。また、多孔質層の強度が向上して多孔質層の変形が抑制されると共に、多孔質層に入り込む樹脂材料の変形が抑制され、耐荷重性を向上させることができる。
　更に、多孔質層を形成する金属粉末の粒径を微細化することで、摺動層の厚さを薄くしても、多孔質層の露出が抑制され、摺動層の厚さを薄くすることで、摺動層の変形が抑制され、摺動層の変形に伴う摩耗を抑制することができ、耐摩耗性を向上させることができる。
本実施の形態の摺動部材の一例を示す断面組織図である。 本実施の形態の軸受の一例を示す斜視図である。 負荷荷重と圧縮変形量の関係を示すグラフである。
　以下、図面を参照して、本発明の摺動部材の実施の形態、及び、本発明の摺動部材が適用された軸受の実施の形態について説明する。
　＜本実施の形態の摺動部材の構成例＞
　図１は、本実施の形態の摺動部材の一例を示す断面組織図である。本実施の形態の摺動部材１は、金属基材２の一の面である表面に、合金材料で多孔質層３が形成され、この多孔質層３が樹脂材料４で被覆されて摺動層５が形成される。
　多孔質層３は、金属基材２の表面に所定の厚さで金属粉末３０が焼結されて形成される。本例では、金属粉末３０として、Cu-Sn系合金粉が金属基材２である銅メッキ鋼板上に散布され、Cu-Sn系合金粉が散布された銅メッキ鋼板が焼結炉で焼結されて、銅メッキ鋼板上にCu-Sn系合金の多孔質層３が形成される。
　摺動層５は、金属基材２の表面に形成された多孔質層３に、樹脂材料４が所定の厚さで含浸され、多孔質層３に含浸された樹脂材料４が焼成されて形成される。本例では、樹脂主剤として、ＰＴＦＥのディスパージョンと、樹脂添加剤として、二硫化モリブデン、黒鉛、炭素繊維等のフィラーが混合され、有機溶剤が加えられ攪拌されて樹脂材料４が生成される。樹脂材料４は、金属基材２の表面の多孔質層３上に載置されて押圧され、多孔質層３に含浸される。そして、焼成炉でＰＴＦＥの融点以上に加熱されて焼成される。
　摺動部材１は、多孔質層３を形成する金属粉末３０の粒径を、従来と比較して微細化することで、多孔質層３の厚さを従来より薄くして、ドライタッチを起こす多孔質層３の露出を抑制すると共に、摺動層５の厚さを従来より薄くして、耐摩耗性の向上を図る。
　摺動部材１は、金属粉末３０の粒径Ｒを、１５～６０μｍ、好ましくは、２５～４５μｍ程度とする。従来、金属粉末の粒径は、７５～１５０μｍ程度で、粒径が大きく、かつ、粒径のばらつきが大きいものであった。これに対して、本実施の形態では、金属粉末３０の粒径が小さく、かつ、粒径のばらつきが小さく抑えられている。
　摺動部材１は、多孔質層３の厚さＴ１を、０．０６～０．１ｍｍの範囲とした。多孔質層３の厚さは、金属粉末３０が少なくとも２個以上重なる程度の厚さに設定される。
　摺動部材１は、摺動層５の厚さＴ２を、０．０８～０．１６ｍｍとした。摺動層５の厚さは、多孔質層３が露出しないように、多孔質層３の厚さより平均して厚く設定される。従来、摺動層の厚さは、０．２～０．４ｍｍ程度であるが、多孔質層を形成する金属粉末の粒径が７５～１５０μｍ程度であり、粒径のばらつきも大きいので、摺動層に対して多孔質層が厚くなり、摺動層の表面に多孔質層が露出するまでの、許容される摺動層の摩耗量が少なかった。
　これに対して、本実施の形態では、摺動層５の厚さＴ２が０．０８～０．１６ｍｍ程度に設定され、従来と比較して薄く構成されるが、金属粉末３０の粒径Ｒを１５～６０μｍ、好ましくは、２５～４５μｍ程度とすることで、多孔質層３の厚さＴ１を０．０６～０．１ｍｍ程度に薄くでき、多孔質層３が露出するまでの、許容される摺動層５の摩耗量が増加する。
　＜本実施の形態の軸受の構成例＞
　図２は、本実施の形態の軸受の一例を示す斜視図である。本実施の形態の軸受１０は、図１で説明した摺動部材１を、摺動層５を内側として環状に構成される。軸受１０は、円筒状の内周面を形成する摺動層５で軸１１を支持する。軸受１０は、軸１１が回転運動する形態、あるいは直線運動する形態の何れであっても適用可能である。
　本実施の形態の軸受１０は、例えば、自動車等のショックアブソーバ等、直線運動する形態で油が用いられる摺動部に使用される。また、歯車状の部材が回転することで、油を送出するギアポンプ等、回転運動する形態で油が用いられる摺動部に使用される。
　＜本実施の形態の摺動部材及び軸受の作用効果例＞
　軸受１０は、軸１１が回転運動、あるいは直線運動を行うことで、摺動層５の表面の一部と軸１１が接触した状態で、軸１１が摺動する。軸受１０を構成する摺動部材１は、上述したように、多孔質層３を形成する金属粉末３０の粒径Ｒを２５～４５μｍ程度とし、従来と比較して微細化した。
　これにより、多孔質層３の厚さＴ１を０．０６～０．１ｍｍ程度に薄くでき、摺動層５の厚さＴ２を０．０８～０．１６ｍｍ程度と、従来と比較して薄く構成しても、摺動層５の表面に多孔質層３が露出するまでの、許容される摺動層５の摩耗量が増加させることができる。
　よって、摺動層５に軸１１が摺動することで、摺動層５を構成する樹脂材料４が摩耗しても、多孔質層３の露出が抑制され、多孔質層３と軸１１が直接接して焼き付き等の要因となるドライタッチを抑制することができる。
　軸受１０は、オイル潤滑環境下で使用されるが、一時的に油膜が切れることがある。軸受１０では、摺動層５の表面の油膜が一時的に切れても、摺動層５を形成する樹脂材料４が潤滑材としての役割を担う。
　上述したように、軸受１０では、油膜が一時的に切れても、ドライタッチを起こす多孔質層３の露出が抑制されることで、摺動層を樹脂材料で構成した従来の軸受と比較して、耐焼付性が向上し、Pbを含まない構成で、Pbを含む摺動材料を用いた軸受と同程度の耐焼付性が得られる。
　また、摺動層５の厚さを薄くすることで、摺動層５に軸１１が摺動することによる摺動層５の変形が抑制され、摺動層５の変形に伴う摩耗を抑制することができ、摺動層５の厚さを薄くしても、摺動層を樹脂材料で構成した従来の軸受と比較して、同程度の耐摩耗性が得られる。
　更に、金属粉末３０の粒径が、平均して２５μｍより小さくなると、多孔質層３を形成した際に、金属粉末間の隙間が小さくなり、樹脂材料４が多孔質層３に入り込みにくくなる。これに対して、金属粉末３０の粒径Ｒが２５～４５μｍ程度であれば、この金属粉末３０で形成された多孔質層３に含浸されて焼成された樹脂材料４は、多孔質層３の間に入り込み、所謂アンカー効果が得られ、従来の粒径の金属粉末で多孔質層を構成した従来の軸受と比較して、同程度の樹脂密着性が得られ、摺動層５の金属基材２からの剥離が抑制される。
　また、多孔質層３を形成する金属粉末３０の粒径Ｒを、２５～４５μｍ程度にすることで、摺動層５の厚さＴ２を０．０８～０．１６ｍｍ程度に薄くしても、耐荷重性が向上する。図３は、負荷荷重と圧縮変形量の関係を示すグラフである。
　図３のグラフにおいて、実線で示す実施例１は、本発明を適用した摺動部材であり、多孔質層３を形成する金属粉末３０の粒径Ｒを２５～４５μｍとし、摺動層５の厚さＴ２が０．０８～０．１６ｍｍ程度となるように、摺動部材１全体の厚さを１ｍｍ、金属基材２の厚さを０．９ｍｍとした。
　破線で示す比較例１は、多孔質層を形成する金属粉末の粒径を７５～１５０μｍとし、摺動層の厚さが０．２～０．４ｍｍ程度となるように、摺動部材全体の厚さを１．０ｍｍ、金属基材の厚さを０．７５ｍｍとした。一点鎖線で示す比較例２は、金属基材の厚さによる差異を測定するため、比較例１と同じ条件で、摺動部材全体の厚さを２．０ｍｍ、金属基材の厚さを１．８ｍｍとした。
　図３のグラフに示すように、実施例１では、比較例１及び比較例２との対比で、荷重に対する摺動層の圧縮変形量が少ないことがわかる。比較例１と比較例２の対比で、金属基材の厚さが薄い方が、摺動層の圧縮変形量が少ない傾向にある。
　そして、多孔質層３を形成する金属粉末３０の粒径Ｒを２５～４５μｍとすることで、各比較例との対比で、多孔質層３において金属粉末３０の密度が高くなり、多孔質層３の変形及び多孔質層３に入り込む樹脂材料４の変形が抑えられ、耐荷重性が向上する。よって、高負荷環境での使用も可能となる。
　本発明は、油が供給される環境で使用される摺動部材及び軸受に適用される。
　１・・・摺動部材、１０・・・軸受、２・・・金属基材、３・・・多孔質層、３０・・・金属粉末、４・・・樹脂材料、５・・・摺動層

Claims (6)

  1. 　金属基材の一の面に、金属粉末を焼結させて多孔質層が形成され、前記多孔質層に含浸させた樹脂材料を焼成させて摺動層が形成される摺動部材において、
    　前記金属粉末の粒径を、１５～６０μｍとし、
    　前記摺動層の厚さを、０．０８～０．１６ｍｍとした
    　ことを特徴とする摺動部材。
  2. 　前記金属粉末の粒径を、２５～４５μｍとした
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の摺動部材。
  3. 　前記多孔質層の厚さを、０．０６～０．１ｍｍの範囲で、平均して前記摺動層の厚さより薄く構成した
    　ことを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２に記載の摺動部材。
  4. 　金属基材の一の面に、金属粉末を焼結させて多孔質層が形成され、前記多孔質層に含浸させた樹脂材料を焼成させて摺動層が形成される軸受部材を、前記摺動層を内側として環状とし、円筒状の内周面を前記摺動層で構成した軸受において、
    　前記金属粉末の粒径を、１５～６０μｍとし、
    　前記摺動層の厚さを、０．０８～０．１６ｍｍとした
    　ことを特徴とする軸受。
  5. 　前記金属粉末の粒径を、２５～４５μｍとした
    　ことを特徴とする請求項４に記載の軸受。
  6. 　前記多孔質層の厚さを、０．０６～０．１ｍｍの範囲で、平均して前記摺動層の厚さより薄く構成した
    　ことを特徴とする請求項４または請求項５に記載の軸受。
PCT/JP2011/079898 2011-12-22 2011-12-22 摺動部材及び軸受 WO2013094064A1 (ja)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2011/079898 WO2013094064A1 (ja) 2011-12-22 2011-12-22 摺動部材及び軸受
CN201180068953.6A CN103403375B (zh) 2011-12-22 2011-12-22 滑动构件和轴承
US14/122,658 US9163669B2 (en) 2011-12-22 2011-12-22 Sliding member and bearing
JP2013510383A JP5267756B1 (ja) 2011-12-22 2011-12-22 摺動部材及び軸受
KR1020137019401A KR101487120B1 (ko) 2011-12-22 2011-12-22 미끄럼 이동 부재 및 베어링
EP11877767.1A EP2787227B1 (en) 2011-12-22 2011-12-22 Sliding member and bearing
TW101148923A TWI452216B (zh) 2011-12-22 2012-12-21 Sliding members and bearings

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JP5741762B2 (ja) * 2012-02-24 2015-07-01 日産自動車株式会社 摺動接点部材、これを用いた直流モータ及び発電機
CN108026973B (zh) * 2015-08-03 2020-06-16 Ntn株式会社 滑动构件、滚动轴承及保持器
TWI595167B (zh) * 2015-11-23 2017-08-11 財團法人金屬工業研究發展中心 多孔質氣靜壓軸承的製造方法
DE102017128908A1 (de) 2017-12-05 2019-06-06 Ks Gleitlager Gmbh Gleitlagerverbundwerkstoff und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie Gleitlagerelement
CN111480014B (zh) 2017-12-15 2022-04-29 千住金属工业株式会社 滑动构件和轴承
JP6323607B1 (ja) * 2017-12-15 2018-05-16 千住金属工業株式会社 摺動部材及び軸受

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US10995796B2 (en) * 2014-10-14 2021-05-04 Safran Aircraft Engines Method for producing a hydrostatic fluid bearing with cells

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TW201337122A (zh) 2013-09-16
EP2787227B1 (en) 2016-11-30
JPWO2013094064A1 (ja) 2015-04-27
CN103403375A (zh) 2013-11-20
KR101487120B1 (ko) 2015-01-28
US9163669B2 (en) 2015-10-20
EP2787227A1 (en) 2014-10-08
JP5267756B1 (ja) 2013-08-21
EP2787227A4 (en) 2015-04-29
US20140099048A1 (en) 2014-04-10
KR20140074249A (ko) 2014-06-17
CN103403375B (zh) 2015-03-25
TWI452216B (zh) 2014-09-11

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