WO2013079024A1 - 齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物、及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物、及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2013079024A1
WO2013079024A1 PCT/CN2012/085671 CN2012085671W WO2013079024A1 WO 2013079024 A1 WO2013079024 A1 WO 2013079024A1 CN 2012085671 W CN2012085671 W CN 2012085671W WO 2013079024 A1 WO2013079024 A1 WO 2013079024A1
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oleanolic acid
pharmaceutically acceptable
cancer
acceptable salt
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PCT/CN2012/085671
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English (en)
French (fr)
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荣风光
徐荣臻
谢福文
赖洪喜
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杭州本生药业有限公司
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Priority to DK12852963.3T priority Critical patent/DK2787002T3/en
Priority to US14/361,991 priority patent/US8987502B2/en
Priority to JP2014543763A priority patent/JP6043361B2/ja
Priority to EP12852963.3A priority patent/EP2787002B1/en
Priority to CN201280056912.XA priority patent/CN103946231B/zh
Publication of WO2013079024A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013079024A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
    • C07D333/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D333/38—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • A61P35/02—Antineoplastic agents specific for leukemia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C231/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides
    • C07C231/02—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides from carboxylic acids or from esters, anhydrides, or halides thereof by reaction with ammonia or amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C233/00—Carboxylic acid amides
    • C07C233/57—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
    • C07C233/60—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C233/00—Carboxylic acid amides
    • C07C233/64—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C07C233/67—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
    • C07C233/74—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C235/00—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms
    • C07C235/42—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C235/44—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C235/54—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/78—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • C07D213/81—Amides; Imides
    • C07D213/82—Amides; Imides in position 3
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D307/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D307/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D307/38—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D307/54—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D307/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D307/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D307/56—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D307/68—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07J—STEROIDS
    • C07J63/00—Steroids in which the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton has been modified by expansion of only one ring by one or two atoms
    • C07J63/008—Expansion of ring D by one atom, e.g. D homo steroids

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the field of natural medicines and medicinal chemistry and relates to novel oleanolic acid derivatives, particularly oleanolic acid derivatives of amidation at the C-17 position, and methods for preparing the same, compositions comprising the same, and Use in the preparation of anti-tumor drugs. Background technique
  • Oleanolic acid also known as earthworm, is a pentacyclic triterpenoid. It is extracted from the leaves and fruits of plants such as Hibiscus, Gentianaceae, Rubiaceae, and Polygonaceae, mainly in free form and/or in combination with sugar. Many scientists at home and abroad have done extensive research on pentacyclic triterpenoids. According to reports in the literature, oleanolic acid and its derivatives, analogs have a variety of biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-virus, regulate immune function, inhibit platelet aggregation, reduce blood fat and protect liver, protect kidney, anti-HIV Wait. Li Yingxia et al .
  • oleanolic acid has an anti-human lung cancer cell proliferation, invasion and induction of apoptosis.
  • the researchers measured the effect of oleanolic acid on the invasion ability of PGCL3 cells by cell proliferation inhibition assay and soft agar colony formation assay. The results showed that oleanolic acid could decrease the proliferation of PGCL3 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and it had anti-PGCL3 human lung cancer cell proliferation and invasion, and induced apoptosis of PGCL3 cells. Its anti-invasive mechanism is not to block a certain part of the invasion, but to inhibit the basic links of the invasion.
  • oleanolic acid has a concentration-dependent effect on apoptosis of human lung adenocarcinoma cells.
  • Lin Xiukun et al reported that oleanolic acid and its pharmaceutical preparations have excellent anti-pancreatic cancer effects, which have obvious inhibitory activity against human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro, and have significant effects on tumor cells of tumor cells. Antitumor activity.
  • Lin Xiukun et al also studied the inhibitory effect of oleanolic acid on cervical cancer. The results showed that oleanolic acid and its pharmaceutical preparations have obvious inhibitory activity against human cervical cancer cells in vitro, and have obvious antitumor activity against transplanted tumor cells of tumor cells.
  • Oleanolic acid is widely used in clinical practice due to its various pharmacological activities and low toxicity, but the bioavailability of such drugs in humans is low, so the development of high-efficiency and low-toxic oleanolic acid derivatives is good.
  • the present invention aligns the C-17 position of the terminal acid with an amino group modification and introduces a functional group to enhance its biological activity and availability.
  • the method of the present invention and the amine-substituted oleanolic acid amidated derivative at the C-17 position have not been reported in the literature. Summary of the invention
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a novel oleanolic acid amidated derivative of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
  • R is selected from H, optionally substituted C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heterocyclic or heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl-ethylene group, optionally substituted heteroaryl - vinyl, the optionally substituted substituents are selected from halo, nitro, cyano, amino, hydroxy, mercapto, 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ , dC 6 alkyl, dC 6 alkylamino , dC 6 alkoxy, dC 6 alkyl gram base.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a process for the preparation of the oleanolic acid amidated quinone of the general formula (I) of the present invention:
  • a third object of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of the present invention, the pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound of the present invention, and optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • a fourth object of the present invention is to provide a use of a compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same for the preparation of a medicament, particularly an antitumor medicament. Accordingly, the present invention provides a method of treating a tumor patient comprising administering to a patient in need of treatment a therapeutically effective amount of One less compound of the invention.
  • the tumor is particularly selected from the group consisting of leukemia, multiple myeloma, lymphoma, liver cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, osteosarcoma, melanoma, human cervical cancer, glioma, Nasopharyngeal cancer, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer, middle ear tumor, prostate cancer, etc.
  • the invention also relates to compounds of the invention for use in the treatment of tumors. Detailed ways
  • the present invention relates to a novel oleanolic acid amidated derivative of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • R is selected from H, optionally substituted C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heterocyclic or heteroaryl, optionally substituted aryl-ethylene group, optionally substituted heteroaryl - vinyl, the optionally substituted substituents are selected from halo, nitro, cyano, amino, hydroxy, mercapto, 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ , dC 6 alkyl, dC 6 alkylamino , dC 6 alkoxy, dC 6 alkyl gram base.
  • R is the group optionally substituted by halogen, C r C 6 alkyl or C r C 6 alkoxy: aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, Heterocyclyl, arylvinyl, heteroaryl vinyl.
  • the aryl group is a phenyl group.
  • the heteroaryl group is a furyl group, a thiophene group, a p ratio H, and a p ratio of 0 ⁇ .
  • the cycloalkyl group is a cyclopropyl group, a cyclopentyl group or a cyclohexyl group.
  • heterocyclic group is tetrahydrofuranyl, Tetrahydrothiophenyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl or morpholinyl.
  • R is selected from the group consisting of an optionally substituted heteroaryl-vinyl group.
  • the invention particularly preferably comprises the following compound of formula (I):
  • the oleanolic acid amidated derivative of the present invention has anticancer activity. Compared with oleanolic acid itself, the anticancer activity of the oleanolic acid amidated derivative of the present invention is increased, for example, several times or even tens of times.
  • alkyl refers to a straight or branched alkane group containing the specified number of carbon atoms.
  • the alkyl group may contain 1 to 18 carbon atoms, for example, 1 to 12, 1 to 10, 1 to 8, 1 to 6, 1 to 5, 1 to 4 or 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
  • alkane groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl and n-octadecyl groups.
  • C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl refers to a hydrocarbyl group of a 3-7 membered monocyclic ring system having a saturated or unsaturated ring.
  • the C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl group may be a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopropenyl group, and a cyclohexenyl group.
  • aryl refers to a monocarbocyclic aryl group or a fused or non-fused polycarbocyclic aryl group containing 6 to 14 (eg, 6 to 12, 6 to 10 carbon atoms) carbon atoms, in many In the case of a carbocyclic ring, only one carbocyclic ring is aromatic.
  • the aryl group also includes an aryl group fused to a heterocyclic group. Examples of the aryl group are a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a 5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthyl group, a 2.3-dihydrobenzofuranyl group and the like.
  • heteroaryl refers to an aromatic ring group containing from 1 to 4 heteroatoms (eg 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms) as ring members in the ring. Heteroatoms refer to nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur.
  • the heteroaryl group may be a monocyclic heteroaryl group having 5 to 7 ring atoms, or a bicyclic heteroaryl group having 7 to 11 ring atoms. As long as one ring of the bicyclic aryl group is an aromatic heterocyclic ring, the other may be aromatic or non-aromatic, hetero atom-containing or hetero atom-free.
  • heteroaryl groups are, for example, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, furyl, thienyl, Isoxazolyl, thiol and the like.
  • heterocyclyl refers to a non-aromatic ring group containing from 1 to 4 heteroatoms (e.g., 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms) as ring members. Heteroatoms refer to nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur.
  • the heterocyclic group may be a monocyclic heterocyclic group having 4 to 8 ring atoms (for example, a 4-7 membered ring, a 5-7 membered ring, a 5-6 membered ring), or a double ring having 7 to 1 ring atoms. Heterocyclic group.
  • the heterocyclic group may be aromatic or non-aromatic.
  • heterocyclic groups are azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, dihydrofuranyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, tetrahydropyran Base, tetrahydrothiol and the like.
  • aryl-vinyl refers to a vinyl group substituted with an aryl group as described above.
  • heteroaryl-vinyl refers to a vinyl group substituted with a heteroaryl group as described above.
  • halogen means fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo.
  • alkylamino refers to an amino group substituted with one or two alkyl groups having the specified number of carbon atoms. .
  • alkoxy refers to alkyl -O- wherein alkyl is as defined above.
  • alkylthio refers to an alkyl-S- group wherein alkyl is as defined above.
  • the term "pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of formula (I)" is an organic acid salt formed from an organic acid which forms a pharmaceutically acceptable anion; these organic acid salts include, but are not limited to, toluene Acid salt, methanesulfonate, malate, acetate, citrate, malonate, tartrate, succinate, benzoate, ascorbate, alpha-ketoglutarate, lactic acid Salts and (X-glycerol phosphates; suitable inorganic salts are also formed; these include, but are not limited to, hydrochlorides, sulfates, nitrates, bicarbonates and carbonates, phosphates, hydrobromides , hydroiodide, etc.
  • compositions can be obtained using standard procedures well known in the art. For example, it is produced by reacting a sufficient amount of a basic compound with a suitable acid which provides a pharmaceutically acceptable anion.
  • the eight chiral centers in the main structure of the oleanolic acid amidated derivative of the present invention have a stereochemical structure represented by the formula (I).
  • the definitions and conventions for stereochemistry used herein generally follow MCGRAW-HILL DICTIONARY OF CHEMICAL TERMS (SP Parker, Ed. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, 1984); ELIEL, E. and WILEN, S., STEREOCHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1994).
  • treating generally refers to obtaining the desired pharmacological and/or physiological effects.
  • the effect # may completely or partially prevent the disease or its symptoms, may be prophylactic; and/or may be therapeutic based on partial or complete stabilization or cure of the disease and/or side effects due to the disease.
  • treatment encompasses any treatment for a patient's condition, including: (a) prevention of a disease or condition that is predisposed to a disease or condition but has not yet been diagnosed; (b) inhibition of the symptoms of the disease, That is, to prevent its development; or (c) to alleviate the symptoms of the disease,
  • the oleanolic acid amidated derivative of the formula (I) can be obtained by extracting and separating oleanolic acid from a natural medicinal material to form an ammoniated oleanolic acid intermediate (OA-NH 2 ) via Curtius Reaction, and then The intermediate is reacted with an organic acid, an organic acid chloride or an organic acid anhydride in the presence of a coupling reagent to form an oleanolic amidated derivative of the formula (I), wherein R in the formula (I)
  • the definitions in the general formula (I) are the same.
  • the above Curtius Reaction amination reaction generally first produces an azide intermediate in the presence of a base or an alkaline reagent. This azide intermediate decomposes into the ammoniated oleanolic acid intermediate (OA-NH 2 ) in the presence of heat and an acid or acidic reagent.
  • OA-NH 2 ammoniated oleanolic acid intermediate
  • the base used to form the azide intermediate can be, but is not limited to, an organic base.
  • Triethylamine Triethylamine.
  • the acid used to decompose the azide intermediate can be, but is not limited to, a mineral acid.
  • sulfuric acid sulfuric acid.
  • the azide reagent used in the Curtius Reaction can be an organic reagent or Inorganic reagents. For example: sodium azide, diphenyl azide.
  • solvents used include, but are not limited to, polar solvents. For example, chloroform.
  • the reaction temperature of the above amination reaction is generally 40. C to 120. C. For example: 100 °C. All of the above amidated organic acids, organic acid chlorides or organic acid anhydrides are commercially available.
  • the amidation reaction is generally carried out in the presence of a condensing agent.
  • the condensing agent here may be, but is not limited to, an organic condensing agent.
  • 2-(7-azobenzotriazole) - hydrazine, hydrazine, hydrazine, ⁇ '-tetramethyluron hexafluorotate (HATU) benzotriazole-oxime, hydrazine, hydrazine ', ⁇ '-Tetramethylurea hexafluoroborate (HBTU), benzotriazole-1-yloxytris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluoroate ( ⁇ ), benzotriene Azole, hydrazine, hydrazine, hydrazine, ⁇ '-tetramethyluronium hexafluoroborate (TBTU).
  • HATU 2-(7-azobenzotriazole) - hydrazine,
  • the amidation reaction is generally carried out in the presence of a base.
  • the base here may be, but not limited to, an organic base.
  • DIPEA hydrazine, hydrazine-diisopropylethylamine
  • TEA triethylamine
  • pyridine 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP).
  • the amidation reaction is generally carried out in a solvent or in the absence of a solvent.
  • Solvents used include, but are not limited to, organic polar solvents. For example: dichloromethane (DCM), tetrahydrofuran (THF), N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and the like.
  • the general operation of the amidation reaction may be, but not limited to, to an appropriate ratio of an organic acid, a base and a condensing agent to N-dimethylformamide (DMF).
  • a solution of oleanolic acid intermediate (OA-NH 2 ) in N-dimethylformamide (DMF) was added.
  • the obtained product was extracted with an organic solvent, washed with water and brine, dried and concentrated to give a crude product. Then purified by high performance liquid chromatography to obtain pure product.
  • Protecting groups are those which, once attached to an active moiety (eg, a hydroxyl or amino group), prevent such protecting groups include, but are not limited to, alkyl, benzyl, allyl, trityl (ie, triphenylmethyl)
  • An acyl group for example, benzoyl, acetyl or HOOC-X"-CO-, X" is an alkylene, alkenylene, cycloalkylene or arylene group
  • a silyl group for example, Trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl and tert-butyldimethylsilyl
  • alkoxycarbonyl aminocarbonyl (for example, dimethylaminocarbonyl, methylethylaminocarbonyl and phenylaminocarbonyl), Alkoxymethyl, benzyloxymethyl and alkyl fluorenylmethyl.
  • amino protecting group examples include, but are not limited to, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkanoyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, an aryl-substituted alkyl group, and the like. Hydroxy and amino protecting groups have been discussed in TW Greene and PGM Wuts, Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 2nd Edition, John Wiley and Sons (1991). Both the 3 ⁇ 4 group and the amino protecting group can be removed by a conventional method after the reaction.
  • the invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula I of the invention.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one of the compounds of formula I of the present invention as described above, and optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • Methods of preparing the pharmaceutical compositions include incorporation of suitable pharmaceutical excipients, carriers, diluents and the like.
  • the pharmaceutical preparation of the present invention is produced by a known method, including a conventional mixing, dissolving or lyophilizing method.
  • the compounds of the present invention can be formulated into pharmaceutical compositions and administered to a patient in a variety of ways suitable for the chosen mode of administration, such as oral, gastrointestinal perfusion, intravenous or intramuscular or dermal injection.
  • the compounds of the invention may be administered systemically, for example, orally, in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier such as an inert diluent or an edible carrier. They can be enclosed in hard or soft In shell gelatin capsules, it can be compressed into tablets.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier such as an inert diluent or an edible carrier.
  • the active compound may be combined with one or more excipients and in the form of swallowable tablets, buccal tablets, tablets, capsules, elixirs, suspensions, syrups, wafers, and the like.
  • Such compositions and preparations should contain at least 0.1% of active compound.
  • the ratio of such compositions and formulations may of course vary and may range from about 1% to about 99% by weight of a given unit dosage form.
  • the amount of active compound is such that an effective dosage level can be obtained.
  • Tablets, lozenges, pills, capsules, and the like may also contain: a binder such as tragacanth, acacia, corn starch or gelatin; an excipient such as dicalcium phosphate; a disintegrant such as corn starch , potato starch, alginic acid, etc.; a lubricant such as magnesium stearate; and a sweetener such as sucrose, fructose, lactose or aspartame; or a flavoring agent such as mint, wintergreen or cherry.
  • a binder such as tragacanth, acacia, corn starch or gelatin
  • an excipient such as dicalcium phosphate
  • a disintegrant such as corn starch , potato starch, alginic acid, etc.
  • a lubricant such as magnesium stearate
  • a sweetener such as sucrose, fructose, lactose or aspartame
  • a flavoring agent such as mint, winter
  • any material used to prepare any unit dosage form should be pharmaceutically acceptable and substantially non-toxic in the amounts employed.
  • the active compound can be incorporated into a sustained release preparation and a sustained release device.
  • the active compound can also be administered intravenously or intraperitoneally by infusion or injection.
  • An aqueous solution of the active compound or a salt thereof, optionally a miscible non-toxic surfactant can be prepared.
  • Dispersing agents in glycerin, liquid polyethylene glycols, triacetin and mixtures thereof, and oils can also be prepared. Under ordinary conditions of storage and use, these preparations contain a preservative to prevent microbial growth.
  • the pharmaceutical dosage form suitable for injection or infusion may comprise a sterile aqueous solution or dispersion of the active ingredient (optionally encapsulated in a liposome) comprising a ready-to-use preparation suitable for sterile injectable or infusible solutions or dispersions. Or sterile powder.
  • the final dosage form must be sterile, liquid, and stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage.
  • the liquid carrier can be a solvent or liquid dispersion medium including, for example, water, ethanol, polyol (for example, glycerol, propylene glycol, liquid polyethylene glycol, and the like), vegetable oils, non-toxic glycerides, and suitable mixtures thereof.
  • Suitable fluidity for example, by liposome formation, by the maintenance of the required particle size in the case of dispersing agents, or by the use of surfactants.
  • the action of preventing microorganisms can be produced by various antibacterial and antifungal agents such as parabens, chlorobutanol, phenol, sorbic acid, thimerosal, and the like.
  • isotonic agents such as sugars, buffers or sodium chloride.
  • Prolonged absorption of the injectable compositions can be brought about by the use of compositions that delay the absorbent (e.g., aluminum monostearate and gelatin).
  • Sterile injectable solutions are prepared by combining the required active compound in a suitable solvent with the various other ingredients listed above, followed by filter sterilization.
  • the preferred preparation methods are vacuum drying and lyophilization techniques which result in a powder of the active ingredient plus any additional ingredients present in the previously sterile filtration solution. .
  • Useful solid carriers include 4 divided solids (e.g., talc, clay, ⁇ crystalline cellulose, silica, alumina, etc.).
  • Useful liquid carriers include water, ethanol or ethylene glycol or water-ethanol
  • the I glycol mixture, the compound of the present invention may be dissolved or dispersed in an effective amount, optionally with the aid of a non-toxic surfactant.
  • Adjuvants e.g., flavors
  • additional antimicrobial agents can be added to optimize the properties for a given use.
  • Thickeners can also be used with liquid carriers to form coatable pastes, gels, ointments. , soap, etc., used directly on the user's skin.
  • the therapeutic requirements of a compound or an active salt or derivative thereof depend not only on the particular salt selected, but also on the mode of administration, the nature of the disease to be treated, and the age and condition of the patient, ultimately depending on the attending physician or clinician decision.
  • unit dosage form is a unit dosage unit containing a physical dispersion unit suitable for administration to humans and other mammalian bodies.
  • the unit dosage form can be a capsule or tablet, or a lot of capsules or tablets.
  • the amount of unit dose of the active ingredient can vary or be adjusted from about 0.1 to about 1000 grams or more.
  • the invention also provides the use of a compound of the invention or a composition comprising the compound for the preparation of a medicament, in particular an antitumor medicament. Accordingly, the present invention provides a method of treating a tumor A method of a patient comprising administering to a patient in need of treatment a therapeutically effective amount of at least one compound of the invention.
  • the oleanolic acid amidated derivative of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be used, for example, for treating leukemia, multiple myeloma, lymphoma, liver cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, large intestine Cancer, osteosarcoma, melanoma, human cervical cancer, glioma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer, middle ear tumor, prostate cancer and other tumors.
  • HBTU benzotriazole-oxime, hydrazine, ⁇ ', ⁇ '-tetramethylurea hexafluorotate, p-methylbenzene added to hydrazine, hydrazine-dimethylformamide (0.5 mL)
  • Formic acid (15.1 mg, 0.1 mmol), benzotriazole- ⁇ , ⁇ -tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate (45.5 mg, 0.12 mmol), triethylamine (30.3 mg, 0.30 mmol), at room temperature
  • OA-NH 2 110 mg was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hr. After the reaction, the reaction solution was extracted and concentrated, and the obtained crude product was separated and purified on a preparative column to obtain white solid compound BS-OA-102 (16.1 mg, yield 12.3%).
  • BS-OA-096 LC-MS: 1.37 min (97.92%), m/z: 568.6 (M+H).
  • BS-OA-097 was prepared by reacting the compound OA-NH 2 with cyclopropanecarboxylic acid according to the method of BS-OA-102: LC-MS: 1.40 min (86.38%) ), m/z: 496.5 (M+H), 518.5 (M+Na).
  • BS-OA-098 was prepared by reacting the compound OA-NH: with thiophene-2-carboxylic acid according to the method of BS-OA-102 using the same reagent as above: LC-MS: 1.55 min (99.73%) m/z : 538.5 (M+H), 560.6 (M+Na).
  • the compound OA-NH: was reacted with furan-2-carboxylic acid using the same reagent as above to prepare BS-OA- 099: LC-MS: 1.55 min (98.47%) m/z: 522.5 (M+H).
  • the compound OA-NH was reacted with 2-furan acrylate using the same reagent as above according to the method of BS-OA-102.
  • BS-OA-100 LC-MS: 1.43 min (98.69%) m/z: 549.8 (M+H).
  • Compound OA-NH was used according to the method of BS-OA-102 using the same reagent as above. : Reaction with benzoic acid, BS-OA-101: LC-MS: 1.61 min (98.42%), m/z: 532.6 (M+H).
  • the same reagent as above was used according to the method of BS-OA-102.
  • the BS-OA-103 was prepared: LC-MS: 1.58 min ( 98.59%), m / z:. 562.6 (m + H) according BS-
  • the method of OA-102 using the same reagent as above, reacting the compound OA-NH 2 with tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid to prepare BS-OA-104: LC-MS: 1 .32 min (98.25%), m/z: 526.6 (M+H), 548.5 (M+Na).
  • Example 2 Determination of the activity of the oleanolic acid amidated derivative of the invention against leukemia
  • Leukemia cell line leukemia cell line: K562/adr (resistant chronic myeloid leukemia, CML), NB4 (acute promyelocytic leukemia, AML), Kasumi-1 (acute myeloid leukemia M2, AML-M2), Jurkat (acute lymphocytic leukemia, ALL), above cell lines They were all donated to the Institute of Cancer Research, Zhejiang University; H9 (Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia, ALL), purchased from the China Center for Type Culture Collection.
  • Oleanolic acid (OA) standard was purchased from Huakang Pharmaceutical Raw Material Factory of Shifang City, Sichuan province, and the oleanolic acid amidated derivative of the present invention.
  • 6000 well-grown leukemia cells were inoculated into the wells of a 96-well cell culture plate.
  • the culture broth was a 1640 cell culture medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum.
  • Different concentrations of oleanolic acid amidated derivatives were added, and after mixing, they were placed in a carbon dioxide (5% CO 2 ) cell incubator 37. C was cultured for 72 hours. The relative number of viable cells was then determined by the MTT method.
  • the control group (without compound treatment), the cell proliferation inhibition rate was set to 0%, and the relative number of living cells was calculated to determine the half-length growth inhibitory concentration of leukemia cells (72 hours IC 5G value, g/mL) and 16 g/mL Compound 72 hours of leukemia cell proliferation inhibition rate (Inhibition Rate) IR.
  • Table 1 shows that the oleanolic acid amidated derivative of the present invention can induce cell death of human chronic myeloid leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphocytic leukemia and inhibit the growth of these leukemia cells, wherein the present invention is derived from oleanolic acid amidation BS-OA-096, BS-OA-097, BS-OA-098, BS-OA-099, BS-OA-101, BS-OA-103 are particularly active against K562/adr, with oleanolic acid Ratio, the cell inhibition rate is increased by more than 3 times; BS-OA-096, BS-OA-097, BS-OA-098, BS-OA-099, BS-OA-101 anti-NB4 activity and oleanolic acid phase Ratio, cell inhibition rate increased by more than 5 times; BS-OA-099, BS-OA-101 increased anti-Kasumi-1 cell inhibition rate by
  • Example 3 Determination of activity of oleanolic acid amidated derivatives of the present invention against human multiple myeloma cells
  • Myeloma cell line RPMI8226 (multiple myeloma), purchased from Shanghai Fuxiang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
  • the culture broth was a 1640 cell culture medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. Different concentrations of oleanolic acid amidated derivatives were added, and after mixing, they were placed in a carbon dioxide (5% CO 2 ) cell incubator 37. C was cultured for 72 hours. The relative number of viable cells was then determined by the MTT method.
  • the control group (without compound treatment), the cell proliferation inhibition rate was set to 0%, and the relative number of living cells was calculated to determine the half-length growth inhibitory concentration of leukemia cells (72 hours IC 5G value, g/mL) and 16 Inhibition rate of tumor cell proliferation of g/mL compound for 72 hours.
  • Table 2 shows that the oleanolic acid amidated derivatives of the present invention are capable of inducing death of human myeloma and inhibiting the growth of these tumor cells.
  • BS-OA-096, BS-OA-097, BS-OA-098, BS-OA-099, BS-OA-101, BS-OA-103, BS-OA-104 of the present invention have anti-RPMI8226 activity and Compared with oleanolic acid, the cell inhibition rate was increased by more than 44 times.
  • Example 4 Determination of anti-human solid tumor effect of oleanolic acid amidated derivative of the present invention
  • Human solid tumor cell lines Hep-2 (larynx cancer), A549 (human lung cancer), CaES-17 (esophage cancer cells), PC-3 (prostate cancer), CNE (nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells), SK-OV-3 (ovarian cancer cells), all purchased from the China Center for Type Culture Collection; RKO (human colon adenocarcinoma), MGC 803 (human gastric cancer cells), MG63 (osteosarcoma), U87 MG (malignant glioma cells), All purchased from Shanghai Fuxiang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; PANC-1 (pancreatic cancer), Hep G2 (human liver cancer cells), Becap37 (human breast cancer cells), Hela (human cervical cancer cells), all received from Zhejiang University Cancer graduate School.
  • RKO human colon adenocarcinoma
  • MGC 803 human gastric cancer cells
  • MG63 osteosarcoma
  • U87 MG malignant glioma cells
  • the culture solution was a DMEM high glucose cell culture medium containing 10% fetal calf serum. Placed in carbon dioxide (5% C0 2 ) Cell culture incubator 37. C was cultured for 24 hours, and then, different concentrations of oleanolic acid amidated derivatives were added, and after mixing, carbon dioxide (5% CO 2 ) cell incubator 37 was further placed. C was cultured for 72 hours. The relative number of viable cells was then determined by the MTT method.
  • the control group (without compound treatment), the cell proliferation inhibition rate was set to 0%, and the relative number of living cells was calculated to determine the half-length growth inhibitory concentration of leukemia cells (72 hours IC 5 Q value, g/mL) and Inhibition rate of tumor cell proliferation of 16 g/mL compound for 72 hours.
  • Table 2 shows that the oleanolic acid amidated derivatives of the present invention are capable of inducing death of human solid tumor cells and inhibiting the growth of these tumor cells. Compared with oleanolic acid itself, the inhibition rate of the oleanolic acid amidated derivative BS-OA-096 against PANC-1, Hela, CNE and MGC803 was increased by 7 times, 4 times, 2 times and 3 times, respectively.
  • the anti-RKO, MG63, SK-OV-3 cell inhibition rate increased by 4 times, 3 times and 12 times, respectively; BS-OA-097 anti-PC-3 cell inhibition rate increased nearly 2 times, anti-MG63 increased more than 3 times; BS-OA-099 anti-RKO, A549 cell inhibition rate increased by more than 4 times, its anti-U87 MG, CaES-17 cell inhibition rate increased more than 2 times, its anti-Hep-2 cell inhibition rate increased more than 3 times; Table 2 Growth inhibition concentration (72 hours, IC 50 value and IR value) for multiple myeloma and human solid tumor cells.

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Abstract

本发明属于天然药物及药物化学领域，具体涉及通式I的新型齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐，制备这些化合物的方法、包含该化合物的药物组合物及其在制备抗肿瘤药物中的用途。

Description

齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物、 及其制备方法和应用 技术领域
本发明属于天然药物及药物化学领域并涉及新型齐墩果酸衍生 物， 特别是 C-17位酰胺化的齐墩果酸衍生物， 及制备这些化合物的方 法、 包含该化合物的组合物及其在制备抗肿瘤药物中的用途。 背景技术
齐墩果酸 (Oleanolic acid, OA), 别名土当归酸， 是一种五环三萜类化 合物。 从木樨科， 龙胆科， 茜草科， 苋科等植物的叶和果实中提取， 主 要以游离形式和（或） 与糖结合形式存在。 国内外许多科学家对五环三 萜类化合物做了广泛的研究。 据文献报道， 齐墩果酸及其衍生物， 类似 物具有多种生物活性， 如抗炎， 抗肿瘤， 抗病毒， 调节免疫功能， 抑制 血小板凝聚， 降血脂保肝， 护肾， 抗艾滋病毒等。 （李英霞等， 一种齐墩 果酸乳糖缀合物及其制备方法和用途. [P] CN 1414012 A.2003; 张奕华等: 一种齐墩果酸衍生物,其制备方法及用途. [P] CN 102070697 A.2011; Lin, Z. H.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Y. N.; Shen, H.; Hu, L. H.; Jiang, H. L.; Shen, X. Oleanolic acid derivative NPLG441 potently stimulates glucose transport in 3T3-L1 adipocytes via a multi-target mechanism. Biochemical Pharmacology. 2008. 76: 1251-1262; Chen, J.; Gong, Y. C; Liu, J.; Hua, W. Y.; Zhang, L. Y.; Sun, H. B. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel pyrazolo[4,3-b]oleanane derivatives as inhibitors of glycogen phosphorylase. Chemistry & Biodiversity. 2008. 5: 1304-1312)。
Figure imgf000004_0001
Figure imgf000004_0002
恶性肿瘤是目前最严重的威胁人类健康的常见病， 抗癌类药物的 开发是现今医学界的重大研究课题。 从中药植物中寻找高效低毒的药 物， 已成为国内外抗癌研究的热点。 齐墩果酸毒性小， 中药资源丰富， 是一类非常有前途的抗肿瘤药物， 并已引起广泛的注意。
近年来， 有文献报道了齐墩果酸抗人肺癌细胞增殖， 侵袭和诱导 细胞凋亡的作用。 研究者通过细胞增殖抑制试验、 软琼脂集落形成试验 等测定观察齐墩果酸对 PGCL3细胞侵袭能力的影响。 结果表明， 齐墩果 酸可降低 PGCL3细胞增殖能力并呈剂量依赖性,具有抗 PGCL3人肺癌细 胞增殖和侵袭作用，并有诱导 PGCL3细胞凋亡的作用。其抗侵袭机理不是 对侵袭的某一环节的阻断,而是对侵袭各个基本环节都有抑制作用。 此 夕卜， 还有研究者探索了齐墩果酸对 A549细胞的作用及其可能的机制， 研 究结果表明， 齐墩果酸具有浓度依赖性诱导人肺腺癌细胞凋亡的作用。 (张东方等. 齐墩果酸抗人肺癌细胞增殖、 侵袭和诱导细胞凋亡的研究. 肿瘤防治研究， 2003, 30(3):081-381； 卫小红等. 齐墩果酸诱导人肺腺癌 细胞 A549凋亡及其与细胞内钙离子的关系.同济大学学报（医学版）， 2009, 30(5): 19-23)。
有文献报道了研究者通过细胞增殖抑制试验， MTT法检测肿瘤细胞 的活性， 研究了齐墩果酸对卵巢癌细胞株 IGROV1和人乳腺癌细胞株 MDA-MB-231的抑制作用， 结果显示， 齐墩果酸可降低 IGROV1和 MDA-MB-231的细胞增殖能力并呈剂量依赖性。 表明齐墩果酸对这两株 恶性肿瘤细胞具有抑制活性。 （吴林蔚等. 齐墩果酸对卵巢癌细胞 IGROV1和乳腺癌细胞 MDA-MB-231生长的抑制作用 .应用与环境生物学 报， 2010,16(2):202-204)。
近期， 林秀坤等人报道了齐墩果酸及其药物制剂具有很好的抗胰腺 癌作用， 表现在对体外人胰腺癌细胞具有明显的抑制活性， 并对此肿瘤 细胞的棵鼠移植瘤具有显著的抑瘤活性。 此外， 林秀坤等人还研究了齐 墩果酸对宫颈癌的抑制作用。 研究结果表明， 齐墩果酸及其药物制剂对 体外人宫颈癌细胞具有明显的抑制活性， 并对此肿瘤细胞的棵鼠移植瘤 具有明显的抑瘤活性。 （林秀坤等， 齐墩果酸的抗胰腺癌作用及其药物制 剂 [P] CN 102151275 A.2011 ; 林秀坤等， 齐墩果酸的抗宫颈癌作用及其 药物制剂 [P] CN 102133219 A.2011)o
齐墩果酸由于其多种药理学活性且毒性较低被广泛应用于临床上， 但是该类药物在人体内的生物利用度较低， 因此开发高效低毒的齐墩果 酸衍生物具有良好的前景。 本发明对齐墩果酸的 C-17位进行胺基取代修 饰， 引入功能性基团， 以提高其生物活性及利用度。 本发明的方法以及 C- 17位胺基取代的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物尚未见文献报道。 发明内容
本发明的目的之一是提供通式 (I)的新型齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物或 其药学上可接受的盐：
Figure imgf000006_0001
其中 R选自 H、任选取代的 C3-C7环烷基或环烯基、任选取代的芳基、 任选取代的杂环基或杂芳基、任选取代的芳基-乙烯基、任选取代的杂芳 基-乙烯基， 所述任选取代的取代基选自鹵素、硝基、氰基、氨基、羟基、 巯基、 ¾^、 d-C6烷基、 d-C6烷基氨基、 d-C6烷氧基、 d-C6烷石克基。
本发明的目的之二是提供制备本发明通式（I ) 的齐墩果酸酰胺化 亍生物的方法：
Figure imgf000006_0002
包括先将齐墩果酸经库尔提斯反应 (Curtius Reaction)生成氨化的齐 墩果酸中间体（OA-NH2 ) ， 再将此中间体与有机酸、 有机酰氯或有机 酸酐发生酰胺键形成反应生成式（I )的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物， 其中式 (I)中 R与上文通式 (I)中的定义相同。
本发明的目的之三是提供包含本发明化合物的药物组合物， 所述 药物组合物包括至少一种本发明化合物， 和任选的药学上可以接受的 赋形剂。
本发明的目的之四是提供本发明化合物或包含该化合物的药物组 合物在制备药物、 特别是抗肿瘤药物中的用途。 相应地， 本发明提供 一种治疗肿瘤患者的方法， 包括给予需要治疗的患者治疗有效量的至 少一种本发明的化合物。 所述肿瘤特别选自白血病、 多发性骨髓瘤、 淋巴瘤、 肝癌、 胃癌、 乳腺癌、 胆管细胞癌、 胰腺癌、 肺癌、 大肠癌、 骨肉瘤、 黑色素瘤、 人宫颈癌、 神经胶质瘤、 鼻咽癌、 喉癌、 食管癌、 中耳肿瘤、 前列腺癌等。
本发明还涉及用于治疗肿瘤的本发明的化合物。 具体实施方式
本发明涉及通式 (I)的新型齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物或其药学上可接 受的盐。
Figure imgf000007_0001
其中 R选自 H、任选取代的 C3-C7环烷基或环烯基、任选取代的芳基、 任选取代的杂环基或杂芳基、任选取代的芳基-乙烯基、任选取代的杂芳 基-乙烯基， 所述任选取代的取代基选自鹵素、硝基、氰基、氨基、羟基、 巯基、 ¾^、 d-C6烷基、 d-C6烷基氨基、 d-C6烷氧基、 d-C6烷石克基。
才艮据本发明一个优选的实施方式， 其中 R为任选由鹵素、 CrC6烷 基或 CrC6烷氧基取代的如下基团： 芳基、 杂芳基、 环烷基、 杂环基、 芳基乙烯基、 杂芳基乙烯基。
根据本发明另一个优选的实施方式， 其中所述芳基为苯基。
根据本发明一个优选的实施方式， 其中所述杂芳基为呋喃基、 噻吩 、 p比 H、 p比0^ 。
根据本发明一个优选的实施方式，其中所述环烷基为环丙基、环戊 基或环己基。
根据本发明一个优选的实施方式，其中所述杂环基为四氢呋喃基、 四氢噻吩基、 哌啶基、 哌嗪基或吗啉基。
根据本发明一个优选的实施方式， 其中 R选自任选取代的杂芳基- 乙烯基。
本发明的部分优选的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物如下所示。 这些实施例 举只对本发明做进一步说明， 并不对本发明的范围构成任何限制。
Figure imgf000008_0001
BS-OA-096 BS-OA-097 BS-OA-098
Figure imgf000008_0002
BS-OA-099 BS-OA- 00 BS-OA- 0
Figure imgf000008_0003
BS-OA-102 BS-OA-103 BS-OA-104 上述化合物的部分数据列于下表:
反应总收 化合物编号 分子式 分子量 外观 状态
率 (％)
BS-OA-096 C35H51C1N202 567.2 白色 固体 1.4
BS-OA-097 C33H53N02 495.8 白色 固体 4.4
BS-OA-098 C34H51N02S 537.8 白色 固体 3.5
BS-OA-099 C34H51N03 521.8 白色 粉末 9.5 BS-OA-100 C36H53N03 547.8 白色 固体 4.7
BS-OA-101 C36H53N02 531.8 白色 粉末 8.9
BS-OA-102 C37H55N02 545.8 白色 粉末 12.3
BS-OA-103 C37H55N03 561.8 白色 固体 5.2
BS-OA-104 C34H55N03 525.8 白色 固体 4.5 在另一种实施方式中， 本发明特别优选如下的通式（I )化合物:
Figure imgf000009_0001
BS-OA-099
17- (呋喃 -2-酰胺） 齐墩果酸
Figure imgf000010_0001
BS-OA-103
17- ( 3-甲氧苯酰胺） 齐墩果酸 本发明的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物具有抗癌活性。 与齐墩果酸本身比 较， 本发明齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物的抗癌活性提高， 例如提高数倍甚至 数十倍。
如本文所使用， 术语"烷基"是指含有指定碳原子数的直链或支链 的烷烃基。 所述烷基可以包含 1-18个碳原子， 例如 1- 12个、 1-10个、 1-8个、 1-6个、 1-5个、 1-4个或 1-3个碳原子。 烷烃基的例子包括但 不限于甲基、 乙基、 正丙基、 异丙基、 叔丁基、 正戊基、 正己基和正 十八烷基。
术语" C3-C7环烷基或环烯基"是指具有饱和或不饱和环的 3-7 元 单环系统的烃基。 C3-C7环烷基或环烯基可以为环丙基、 环丁基、 环戊 基、 环己基、 环庚基、 环丙烯基和环己烯基。
术语"芳基"是指含有 6- 14个 （例如 6-12个、 6-10个碳原子）碳 原子的单碳环芳香基或稠合或非稠合的多碳环芳香基， 在多碳环的情 况下，只要一个碳环是芳香的即可。芳基也包括与杂环基稠合的芳基。 所述芳基的例子有苯基、 联苯基、 萘基、 5,6,7,8-四氢萘基、 2.3-二氢 苯并呋喃基等。
术语"杂芳基 "是指在环中含有 1-4个杂原子 （例如 1、 2、 3或 4 个杂原子）作为环成员的芳香环基团。 杂原子是指氮、 氧或硫。 杂芳 基可以是具有 5-7个环原子的单环杂芳基， 或者具有 7-11个环原子的双 环杂芳基。 所述双环芳基中只要一个环是芳香杂环即可， 另一个可以是 芳香的或非芳香的、 含杂原子的或不含杂原子的。 杂芳基的例子有例如 吡咯基、 吡唑基、 咪唑基、 噁唑基、 吡啶基、 嘧啶基、 呋喃基、 噻吩基、 异噁唑基、 吲哚基等。
术语"杂环基 "是指含有 1 -4个杂原子 （例如 1、 2、 3或 4个杂原 子）作为环成员的非芳香环基团。 杂原子是指氮、 氧或硫。 杂环基可 以是具有 4-8个环原子的单环杂环基（例如 4-7元环、 5-7元环、 5-6 元环） ， 或者具有 7- 1 1 个环原子的双环杂环基。 杂环基可以是芳香 或非芳香的。 杂环基的例子有氮杂环丁基、 吡咯烷基、 吡咯啉基、 四 氢呋喃基、 二氢呋喃基、 哌嗪基、 哌啶基、 吗啉基、 硫代吗啉基、 四 氢吡喃基、 四氢噻喻基等。
术语 "芳基-乙烯基" 是指被如上所述的芳基取代的乙烯基。
术语 "杂芳基-乙烯基" 是指被如上所述的杂芳基取代的乙烯基。 术语"鹵素"是指氟、 氯、 溴或碘。
术语"烷基氨基"是指被一个或两个具有指定碳原子数的烷基取代 的氨基。 。
术语"烷氧基 "是指烷基 -0-， 其中烷基如上所定义。
术语"烷硫基 "是指烷基 -S-基团， 其中烷基如上所定义。
如本文所使用， 术语"式 (I)化合物的药学上可以接受的盐"的例子是 由形成药学上可以接受的阴离子的有机酸形成的有机酸盐； 这些有机酸 盐包括但不限于甲苯磺酸盐、 甲磺酸盐、 苹果酸盐、 醋酸盐、柠檬酸盐、 丙二酸盐、 酒石酸盐、 琥珀酸盐、 苯甲酸盐、 抗坏血酸盐、 α-酮戊二酸 盐、 乳酸盐和（X-甘油磷酸盐； 也可形成合适的无机盐； 这些无机酸盐包 括但不限于盐酸盐、 硫酸盐、 硝酸盐、 碳酸氢盐和碳酸盐、 磷酸盐、 氢 溴酸盐、 氢碘酸盐等。
药学上可以接受的盐可使用本领域熟知的标准程序获得。 例如， 通 过将足量的碱性化合物和提供药学上可以接受的阴离子的合适的酸反 应生成。
本发明齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物主结构中的八个手性中心具有式（ I ) 结构式所显示的立体化学结构。 本文使用的立体化学的定义和约定一 般遵循 MCGRAW-HILL DICTIONARY OF CHEMICAL TERMS (S. P. Parker, Ed. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, 1984); ELIEL, E.和 WILEN, S.， STEREOCHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1994)。 许多有机化合物以光学活性形式存在， 即它们具有 旋转平面偏光的平面的能力。
本文使用的术语"治疗"一般是指获得需要的药理和 /或生理效应。 该效应 #居完全或部分地预防疾病或其症状， 可以是预防性的； 和 / 或根据部分或完全稳定或治愈疾病和 /或由于疾病产生的副作用，可以 是治疗性的。本文使用的"治疗"涵盖了对患者疾病的任何治疗， 包括： ( a)预防易感染疾病或症状但还没诊断出患病的患者所发生的疾病或 症状； （b)抑制疾病的症状， 即阻止其发展； 或（c)緩解疾病的症状，
Figure imgf000012_0001
式 (I)的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物可由天然药材提取分离的齐墩果酸 经库尔提斯反应 (Curtius Reaction)生成氨化的齐墩果酸中间（ OA-NH2 )， 再将此中间体与有机酸、 有机酰氯或有机酸酐在有偶合试剂存在下发生 酰胺键形成反应生成式 （I ) 的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物， 其中式 (I)中 R 与上文在通式 (I)中的定义相同。
上述的库尔提斯 (Curtius Reaction)氨化反应一般在有碱或碱性试剂 存在下首先生成叠氮中间体。 此叠氮中间体在加热和酸或酸性试剂存在 下， 分解成氨化的齐墩果酸中间 （OA-NH2 ) 。
生成叠氮中间体所用的碱可以是但不限于有机碱。 例如： 三乙胺。 分解叠氮中间体所用的酸可以是但不限于无机酸。 例如： 硫酸。 用于库尔提斯 (Curtius Reaction)反应的叠氮试剂可以是有机试剂或 无机试剂。 例如： 叠氮化钠， 叠氮磚酸二苯酯。
上述的叠氮-氨化反应一般在溶剂中进行。使用的溶剂包括但不限于 极性溶剂。 例如氯仿。
上述的氨化反应的反应温度一般为 40。C至 120。C。 例如： 100 °C。 上述酰胺化的有机酸、 有机酰氯或有机酸酐全部可以在市场上购买 获得。
酰胺化反应一般在有缩合剂存在下进行。这里缩合剂可以是但不限 于有机缩合剂。 例如： 2-(7-偶氮苯并三氮唑) -Ν,Ν,Ν',Ν'-四甲基脲六氟磚 酸酯（HATU )、 苯并三氮唑 -Ν,Ν,Ν',Ν'-四甲基脲六氟硼酸盐（ HBTU )、 苯并三氮唑 -1 -基氧基三 (二甲基氨基)磷鑰六氟磚酸盐 （ΒΟΡ ) 、 苯并三 氮唑 -Ν,Ν,Ν',Ν'-四甲基脲六氟硼酸盐 （TBTU ) 。
酰胺化反应一般在有碱存在下进行。 这里碱可以是但不限于有机 碱。 例如： Ν,Ν-二异丙基乙基胺（DIPEA )、 三乙基胺 ( TEA )、 吡啶、 4-二甲胺基吡啶（DMAP ) 。
酰胺化反应一般在溶剂中进行， 也可在无溶剂存在下进行。 使用的 溶剂包括但不限于有机极性溶剂。 例如： 二氯甲烷（DCM ) 、 四氢呋喃 ( THF ) 、 N， N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF ) 、 二甲亚砜（ DMSO ) 等。
酰胺化反应的一般操作可以是但不局限于： 向 N-二甲基甲酰胺 ( DMF )中，投入合适比例的有机酸，碱和缩合剂。在常温下搅拌 30 分 钟， 然后加入齐墩果酸中间 （OA-NH2 )的^ N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF ) 溶液。 室温搅拌反应 12 小时后， 用有机溶剂萃取生成的产物， 经水洗 和饱和食盐水洗、 干燥、 浓缩， 得到粗品。 再用高效液相色语仪纯化， 得到产物纯品.
常规的化学转换可用于实施本发明。 本领域的技术人员可以决定 用于这些化学转换的适当的化学试剂、 溶剂、 保护基和反应条件。 相 关信息描述于 R. Larock, Comprehensive Organic Transformations , VCH Publishers ( 1989); T. W. Greene and P.G.M. Wuts , Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis , 3rd Ed.， John Wiley and Sons ( 1999); L. Fieser and M. Fieser , Fieser and Fieser's Reagents for Organic Synthesis， John Wiley and Sons( 1994)； L. A. Paquette editor, Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis， John Wiley and Sons( 1995)及其后来的版本。 保护基指那些一旦连接活性部分 (例如， 羟基或氨基)， 防止这些 基保护基的例子包括但不限于，烷基、苯甲基、烯丙基、三苯甲基 (即， 三苯基甲基）、 酰基 (例如， 苯甲酰基、 乙酰基或 HOOC-X"-CO-， X" 为亚烷基、 亚链烯基、 亚环烷基或亚芳基)、 甲硅烷基 (例如， 三甲基 硅烷基、 三乙基硅烷基和叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)、 烷氧基羰基、 氨基 羰基 (例如， 二甲基氨基羰基、 甲基乙氨基羰基和苯基氨基羰基)、 烷 氧甲基、苯甲氧甲基和烷基巯甲基。氨基保护基的例子包括但不限于， 烷氧基羰基、 烷酰基、 芳氧基羰基、 芳基取代的烷基等。 羟基和氨基 保护基已在 T.W. Greene and P.G. M. Wuts , Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis , 2nd Edition, John Wiley and Sons( 1991)中讨论。 ¾ 基和氨基保护基都可在反应后通过常规的方法去除。 本发明还提供了包含本发明式 I化合物的药物组合物。
本发明提供了这样的药物组合物， 其中包含至少一种如上所述的 本发明的式 I化合物， 和任选的药学上可以接受的赋形剂。
制备各种含有一定量的活性成分的药物组合物的方法是已知的，
REMINGTON'S PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, Martin, E.W., ed" Mack Publishing Company, 19th ed. ( 1995)所述。制备所述药物组合物的方法 包括掺入适当的药学赋形剂、 载体、 稀释剂等。
以已知的方法制造本发明的药物制剂， 包括常规的混合、 溶解或 冻干方法。
本发明的化合物可以制成药物组合物， 并向患者以适于选定的施用 方式的各种途径施用， 例如口服， 肠胃灌注， 静脉内或肌内或皮注射。
因此， 本发明的化合物结合药学上可以接受的载体（如惰性稀释剂 或可食用的载体）可以全身施用， 例如， 口服。 它们可以封闭在硬或软 壳的明胶胶嚢中， 可以压为片剂。 对于口服治疗施用， 活性化合物可以 结合一种或多种赋形剂， 并以可吞咽的片剂、 颊含片剂、 含片、 胶嚢剂、 酏剂、 悬浮剂、 糖浆、 圆片等的形式使用。 这种组合物和制剂应该包含 至少 0.1%的活性化合物。 这种组合物和制剂的比例当然可以变化， 可以 占给定的单位剂型重量的大约 1%至大约 99%。 在这种治疗有用的组合 物中， 活性化合物的量使得能够获得有效剂量水平。
片剂、 含片、 丸剂、 胶嚢剂等也可以包含： 粘合剂， 如黄蓍胶、 阿 拉伯胶、 玉米淀粉或明胶； 赋形剂， 如磷酸氢二钙； 崩解剂， 如玉米淀 粉、 马铃薯淀粉、 藻酸等； 润滑剂， 如硬脂酸镁； 和甜味剂， 如蔗糖、 果糖、 乳糖或阿司帕坦； 或调味剂， 如薄荷、 冬青油或樱桃香味。 当单 位剂型是胶嚢时， 除了上面类型的材料， 它还可以包含液体载体， 如植 物油或聚乙二醇。 各种其他材料可以存在， 作为包衣， 或以其他方式改 变固体单位剂型的物理形式。 例如， 片剂、 丸剂或胶嚢剂可以用明胶、 蜡、 虫胶或糖等包衣。 糖浆或酏剂可以包含活性化合物， 蔗糖或果糖作 为甜味剂， 对羟苯甲酸甲酯或对羟苯甲酸丙酯作为防腐剂， 染料和调味 剂 （如樱桃香料或桔子香料） 。 当然， 用于制备任何单位剂型的任何材 料应该是药学上可以接受的且以应用的量基本上无毒。 此外， 活性化合 物可以掺入緩释制剂和緩释装置中。
活性化合物也可以通过输注或注射到静脉内或腹膜内施用。 可以制 备活性化合物或其盐的水溶液， 任选的可混和的无毒的表面活性剂。 也 可以制备在甘油、 液体聚乙二醇、 甘油三乙酸酯及其混合物以及油中的 分散剂。 在普通的储存和使用条件下， 这些制剂包含防腐剂以防止微生 物生长。
适于注射或输注的药物剂型可以包括包含适于无菌的可注射或可 输注的溶液或分散剂的即时制剂的活性成分（任选封装在脂质体中） 的 无菌水溶液或分散剂或无菌粉末。 在所有情况下， 最终的剂型在生产和 储存条件下必须是无菌的、 液体的和稳定的。 液体载体可以是溶剂或液 体分散介质， 包括， 例如水、 乙醇、 多元醇（例如， 甘油、 丙二醇、 液 体聚乙二醇等） 、 植物油、 无毒的甘油酯及其合适的混合物。 可以维持 合适的流动性， 例如， 通过脂质体的形成， 通过在分散剂的情况下维持 所需的粒子大小， 或通过表面活性剂的使用。 可以通过各种抗细菌剂和 抗真菌剂 （如对羟苯甲酸酯、 氯丁醇、 苯酚、 山梨酸、 硫柳汞等）产生 预防微生物的作用。 在许多情况下， 优选包括等渗剂， 如糖、 緩冲剂或 氯化钠。 通过使用延緩吸收剂的组合物（例如， 单硬脂酸铝和明胶）可 以产生可注射的组合物的延长吸收。
通过将合适的溶剂中的需要量的活性化合物与需要的上面列举的 各种其他成分结合， 然后进行过滤灭菌， 制备无菌可注射溶液。 在用于 制备无菌注射溶液的无菌粉末的情况下， 优选的制备方法是真空干燥和 冷冻干燥技术， 这会产生活性成分加上任何另外需要的以前无菌过滤溶 液中存在的成分的粉末。
有用的固体载体包括 4分碎的固体（如滑石、 粘土、 ^敖晶纤维素、 二 氧化硅、 氧化铝等）。 有用的液体载体包括水、 乙醇或乙二醇或水 -乙醇
I乙二醇混合物，本发明的化合物可以任选在无毒的表面活性剂的帮助下 以有效含量溶解或分散在其中。 可以加入佐剂 （如香味）和另外的抗微 生物剂来优化对于给定用途的性质。
增稠剂 （如合成的聚合物、 脂肪酸、 脂肪酸盐和酯、 脂肪醇、 改性 纤维素或改性无机材料）也可和液体载体用于形成可涂覆的糊剂、凝胶、 软膏、 肥皂等， 直接用于使用者的皮肤上。
化合物或其活性盐或衍生物的治疗需要量， 不仅取决于选择的特定 的盐， 而且取决于施药方式、待治疗的疾病的本质和患者的年龄和状态， 最终取决于在场医师或临床医生的决定。
上述制剂可以以单位剂型存在， 该单位剂型是含有单位剂量的物 理分散单元， 适于向人体和其它哺乳动物体给药。 单位剂型可以是胶 嚢或片剂， 或是很多胶嚢或片剂。 根据所涉及的具体治疗， 活性成分 的单位剂量的量可以在大约 0.1到大约 1000亳克或更多之间进行变化 或调整。
本发明还提供本发明的化合物或包含该化合物的组合物在制备药 物、 特别是抗肿瘤药物中的用途。 相应地， 本发明提供一种治疗肿瘤 患者的方法， 包括给予需要治疗的患者治疗有效量的至少一种本发明 的化合物。 本发明的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐例 如可用于治疗白血病、 多发性骨髓瘤、 淋巴瘤、 肝癌、 胃癌、 乳腺癌、 胆管细胞癌、 胰腺癌、 肺癌、 大肠癌、 骨肉瘤、 黑色素瘤、 人宫颈癌、 神经胶质瘤、 鼻咽癌、 喉癌、 食管癌、 中耳肿瘤、 前列腺癌等肿瘤。
在下列实施例中， 将更加具体地解释本发明。 但应理解， 下列实 施例旨在说明本发明而不对本发明的范围构成任何限制。 的合成方法制取。 实施例 1: 化合物（BS-OA-102)的合成
Figure imgf000017_0001
Oleanolic acid OA-NH2 式中， DPPA: 叠氮磷酸二苯酯； TEA: 三乙胺
向溶有齐墩果酸 (2.5 g, 5.5 mmol) 的氯仿 (25 mL)中加入叠氮磷 酸二苯酯（1.8 g, 6.6 mmol), 三乙胺 (0.66 g, 6.6 mmol). 反应液室温下 搅拌 12小时后， 向反应液中加入 3M 石克酸（15 mL), 反应液加热升温 至 100 °C， 继续搅拌 6小时。 反应结束后， 将反应液冷却至室温， 用 氢氧化钠 (aq. 10%)调 pH至 13后， 用乙酸乙酯 (40 mL*2)萃取， 合并 有机相， 经干燥后浓缩得到黄色油状化合物 OA-NH2, 化合物不经纯 化直接用于下一步反应。
Figure imgf000018_0001
式中， HBTU: 苯并三氮唑 -Ν,Ν,Ν',Ν'-四甲基脲六氟磚酸盐 向 Ν， Ν-二甲基甲酰胺 (0.5 mL)中加入对甲基苯甲酸（15.1 mg, 0.1 mmol) , 苯并三氮唑- ^,^-四甲基脲六氟磷酸盐（45.5 mg, 0.12 mmol) , 三乙胺 (30.3 mg, 0.30 mmol)， 反应液室温下搅拌 30分钟后， 加入 OA-NH2(110 mg)， 反应液室温下搅拌 12小时。 反应结束后将反 应液萃取浓缩， 得到的粗产品经制备色谱柱分离纯化， 得到白色固体 化合物 BS-OA-102(16.1 mg, yield 12.3%).
LC-MS: 保留时间： 1.74 min (97.56%), m/z: 546.7 (M+H).
IH NMR (300 MHz, CDC13) δ 7.60 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, IH), 7.33 (s, IH) 7.19 (t, 2H), 5.86 (s, IH), 5.40 (s, IH), 3.20 (s, IH), 2.62 (d, IH), 2.37 (s, 2H), 2.31 (m, 2H), 2.00 (s, 2H), 1.94 (m, 3H), 1.69 (m, 2H), 1.62 (m, 4H) 1.56 (m, 2H), 1.50-1.22 (m, 10H), 1.17 (s, 3H), 0.92 (m, 9H), 0.84 (m, 2H), 0.74 (m, 5H). 按照 BS-OA- 102的方法，使用上述同样的试剂，将化合物 OA-NH2 与 2-氯烟酸反应，制备了 BS-OA-096: LC-MS: 1.37 min (97.92%), m/z: 568.6 (M+H). 按照 BS-OA- 102的方法，使用上述同样的试剂，将化合物 OA-NH2 与环丙甲酸反应，制备了 BS-OA-097: LC-MS: 1.40 min (86.38%), m/z: 496.5 (M+H), 518.5 (M+Na). 按照 BS-OA- 102的方法，使用上述同样的试剂，将化合物 OA-NH: 与噻吩 -2-甲酸反应， 制备了 BS-OA-098: LC-MS: 1.55 min (99.73%) m/z: 538.5 (M+H), 560.6 (M+Na). 按照 BS-OA- 102的方法，使用上述同样的试剂，将化合物 OA-NH: 与呋喃 -2-甲酸反应， 制备了 BS-OA-099: LC-MS: 1.55 min (98.47%) m/z: 522.5 (M+H). 按照 BS-OA- 102的方法，使用上述同样的试剂 ，将化合物 OA-NH; 与 2-呋喃丙烯酸反应，制备了 BS-OA-100: LC-MS： 1.43 min (98.69%) m/z: 549.8 (M+H). 按照 BS-OA- 102的方法，使用上述同样的试剂，将化合物 OA-NH: 与苯甲酸反应， 制备了 BS-OA-101 : LC-MS: 1.61 min (98.42%), m/z: 532.6 (M+H). 按照 BS-OA- 102的方法，使用上述同样的试剂，将化合物 OA-NH2 与 3-甲氧基苯甲酸反应， 制备了 BS-OA-103 : LC-MS: 1.58 min (98.59%), m/z: 562.6 (M+H). 按照 BS-OA- 102的方法，使用上述同样的试剂，将化合物 OA-NH2 与四氢呋喃 -2-甲酸反应， 制备了 BS-OA-104 : LC-MS: 1.32 min (98.25%), m/z: 526.6 (M+H), 548.5 (M+Na). 实施例 2: 本发明的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物抗白血病的活性测定
(1) 实验材料
白血病细胞株： 白血病细胞株： K562/adr (耐药慢性髓系白血病， CML)、 NB4 (急性早幼粒细胞白血病， AML)、 Kasumi-1 (急性髓系白血 病 M2型， AML-M2)、 Jurkat (急性淋巴细胞白血病， ALL)， 以上细胞系 均受赠于浙江大学肿瘤研究所； H9 (急性淋巴细胞白血病， ALL)， 购自 中国典型培养物保藏中心。
试剂： 齐墩果酸（OA )标准品购自四川省什邡市华康药物原料厂， 本发明的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物。
主要仪器： 细胞培养箱 （型号： Thermo Scientific 3111 ) ， 酶标仪
(型号： Bio-Rad iMark ) 。
(2) 实验方法
取生长良好的白血病细胞 6000个， 接种到 96孔细胞培养板孔内。 培养液为含 10%胎牛血清的 1640细胞培养液。 加入不同浓度的齐墩果 酸酰胺化衍生物， 混匀后， 置于二氧化碳（5%C02 ) 细胞培养箱 37。C 培养 72小时。然后用 MTT法测定活细胞相对数。在本实验中对照组（不 加化合物处理） 细胞增殖抑制率设为 0%， #居活细胞相对数计算出 72 小时白血病细胞半数生长抑制浓度 (72小时 IC5G值， g/mL)和 16 g/mL 化合物 72小时作用的白血病细胞增殖抑制率 (Inhibition Rate) IR。
(3) 实验结果
实验结果见表 1。 表 1显示本发明的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物能诱导 人慢性髓系白血病、 急性髓系白血病和急性淋巴细胞白血病细胞死亡和 抑制这些白血病细胞生长， 其中本发明齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物 BS-OA-096, BS-OA-097, BS-OA-098, BS-OA-099, BS-OA-101, BS-OA-103抗 K562/adr活性尤为明显， 与齐墩果酸相比， 其细胞抑制率 均提高 3 倍以上； BS-OA-096, BS-OA-097, BS-OA-098, BS-OA-099, BS-OA-101抗 NB4活性与齐墩果酸相比， 细胞抑制率提高 5倍以上； BS-OA-099, BS-OA-101 抗 Kasumi-1 细胞抑制率提高 3 倍以上； BS-OA-096, BS-OA-097抗 H9细胞抑制率提高接近 4倍； BS-OA-097， BS-OA-099抗 Jurkat细胞抑制率提高 6倍以上。 小时， IC5。值和 IR值， g /mL )
K562/adr NB4 Kasumi- 1 化合物 ic50 IR ic50 IR IC50 IR
OA >16 26.5% >16 17.2% >16 17.2%
BS-OA-096 8.53 81.9% 11.16 100.0% >16 33.6%
BS-OA-097 2.40 91.3% 6.51 93.4% >16 42.9%
BS-OA-098 7.83 81.9% 8.22 96.3% >16 35.7%
BS-OA-099 5.26 97.1% 9.17 100.0% 13.11 69.1%
BS-OA-100 >16 38.8%
BS-OA-101 6.29 88.7% 8.2 96.1% 15.42 53.8%
BS-OA-102 >16 57.0%
BS-OA-103 5.70 87.3% 16 48.5% >16 19.9%
BS-OA-104 11.03 73.4% 11.03 70.7% >16 23.4%
表 1 (续）
Figure imgf000021_0001
实施例 3: 本发明的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物抗人多发性骨髓瘤细胞活性 测定
(1) 实验材料
骨髓瘤细胞株： RPMI8226(多发性骨髓瘤)，购自上海复祥生物科技 有限公司。
试剂： 同实施例 2.
主要仪器： 细胞培养箱 （型号： Thermo Scientific 3111 ) ， 酶标仪 (型号： Bio-Rad iMark ) 。 。 (2) 实验方法
取生长良好的上述肿瘤细胞 6000个，接种到 96孔细胞培养板孔内。 培养液为含 10%胎牛血清的 1640细胞培养液。 加入不同浓度的齐墩果 酸酰胺化衍生物， 混匀后, 置于二氧化碳（5%C02 ) 细胞培养箱 37。C 培养 72小时。然后用 MTT法测定活细胞相对数。在本实验中对照组（不 加化合物处理） 细胞增殖抑制率设为 0%， #居活细胞相对数计算出 72 小时白血病细胞半数生长抑制浓度 (72小时 IC5G值， g/mL)和 16 g/mL 化合物 72小时作用的肿瘤细胞增殖抑制率 (Inhibition Rate) IR。
(3) 实验结果
实验结果见表 2。 表 2显示本发明的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物能诱导 人骨髓瘤死亡和抑制这些肿瘤细胞生长。 其中本发明的 BS-OA-096, BS-OA-097, BS-OA-098, BS-OA-099, BS-OA-101, BS-OA-103 ， BS-OA-104抗 RPMI8226活性与齐墩果酸相比， 细胞抑制率提高 44倍 以上。 实施例 4: 本发明齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物抗人实体瘤作用测定
(1) 实验材料
人实体瘤细胞株： Hep-2(喉癌）、 A549(人肺癌）、 CaES-17(食道癌细 胞)、 PC-3(前列腺癌）、 CNE (鼻咽癌细胞)、 SK-OV-3(卵巢癌细胞)， 均购 自中国典型培养物保藏中心； RKO(人结肠腺癌细胞)、 MGC 803(人胃癌 细胞)、 MG63(骨肉瘤）、 U87 MG (恶性脑胶质瘤细胞)， 均购自上海复祥 生物科技有限公司； PANC-1(胰腺癌）、 Hep G2(人肝癌细胞)、 Becap37(人 乳腺癌细胞)、 Hela (人宫颈癌细胞)， 均受赠于浙江大学肿瘤研究所。
试剂： 同实施例 2.
主要仪器： 细胞培养箱 （型号： Thermo Scientific 3111 ) ， 酶标仪
(型号： Bio-Rad iMark ) 。
(2) 实验方法
取生长良好的人实体瘤细胞 4000个，接种到％孔细胞培养板孔内。 培养液为含 10%胎牛血清的 DMEM高糖细胞培养液。置于二氧化碳（ 5% C02 ) 细胞培养箱 37。C培养 24小时， 然后， 加入不同浓度的齐墩果酸 酰胺化衍生物， 混匀后， 继续置二氧化碳（5%C02 ) 细胞培养箱 37。C 培养 72小时。然后用 MTT法测定活细胞相对数。在本实验中对照组（不 加化合物处理） 细胞增殖抑制率设为 0%， #居活细胞相对数计算出 72 小时白血病细胞半数生长抑制浓度 (72小时 IC5Q值， g/mL)和 16 g/mL 化合物 72小时作用的肿瘤细胞增殖抑制率 (Inhibition Rate) IR。
(3) 实验结果见表 2。
表 2显示本发明的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物能诱导人实体瘤细胞死亡 和抑制这些肿瘤细胞生长。 与齐墩果酸本身比较， 本发明齐墩果酸酰胺 化衍生物 BS-OA-096抗 PANC-1、 Hela、 CNE、 MGC803 细胞抑制率分 别提高近 7倍、 4倍、 2倍和 3倍； 抗 RKO、 MG63、 SK-OV-3细胞抑 制率分别提高 4倍、 3倍和 12倍以上； BS-OA-097抗 PC-3细胞抑制率 提高近 2倍， 抗 MG63提高 3倍以上； BS-OA-099抗 RKO, A549细胞 抑制率均提高 4倍以上， 其抗 U87 MG, CaES-17细胞抑制率均提高 2 倍以上， 其抗 Hep-2细胞抑制率提高 3倍以上； 表 2 对多发性骨髓瘤和人实体瘤细胞生长抑制浓度测定（72小时， IC50值和 IR值） 。
Figure imgf000023_0001
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Figure imgf000024_0001
Figure imgf000024_0002
Figure imgf000024_0004
Figure imgf000024_0003

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 通式 (I)的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐，
Figure imgf000025_0001
其中 R选自 H、任选取代的 C3-C7环烷基或环烯基、任选取代的芳基、 任选取代的杂环基或杂芳基、任选取代的芳基-乙烯基、任选取代的杂芳 基-乙烯基， 所述任选取代的取代基选自鹵素、硝基、氰基、氨基、羟基、 巯基、 ¾^、 d-C6烷基、 d-C6烷基氨基、 d-C6烷氧基、 d-C6烷硫基。
2. 根据权利要求 1的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐， 其中 R为任选由鹵素、 d-C6烷基或 d-C6烷氧基取代的如下基团： 芳 基、 杂芳基、 环烷基、 杂环基、 芳基-乙烯基、 杂芳基-乙烯基。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物或其药学上可接受 的盐， 其中所述芳基为苯基。
4. 根据权利要求 1或 2的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物或其盐， 其中所述 杂芳基为呋喃基、 噻吩基、 吡咯基、 吡啶基。
5. 根据权利要求 1或 2的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物或其药学上可接受 的盐， 其中所述环烷基为环丙基、 环戊基或环己基。
6. 根据权利要求 1或 2的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物或其药学上可接受 的盐， 其中所述杂环基为四氢呋喃基、 四氢噻吩基、 哌啶基、 哌嗪基或 吗啉基。
7. 根据权利要求 1或 2的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物或其药学上可接受 的盐， 其中 R选自任选取代的杂芳基-乙烯基。
8. 根据权利要求 1的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物或其药学上可接受的 盐， 选自下述化合物:
Figure imgf000026_0001
BS-OA-096 BS-OA-097 BS-OA-098
Figure imgf000026_0002
BS-OA-099 BS-OA- 00 BS-OA- 0
Figure imgf000026_0003
BS-OA-102 BS-OA-103 BS-OA-104
9. 一种制备式（I )化合物的方法
Figure imgf000026_0004
包括先将齐墩果酸经库尔提斯反应 (Curtius Reaction)生成氨化的 墩果酸中间体 ( OA-NH2 ) ， 再将此中间体与有机酸、 有机酰氯或有机 酸酐发生酰胺键形成反应生成式（I )的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物， 其中式 (I)中 R与权利要求 1-8中通式 (I)中的定义相同。
10. 一种药物组合物， 其中包含权利要求 1-9中任一项的齐墩果酸 酰胺化衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐和任选的药学上可以接受的赋形 剂。
11. 权利要求 1-9中的任一项的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物或其药学上 可接受的盐在制备抗肿瘤药物中的用途。
12. 一种治疗肿瘤患者的方法， 包括给予需要治疗的患者治疗有 效量的根据权利要求 1-9任一项的齐墩果酸酰胺化衍生物或其药学上 可接受的盐。
13. 作为抗肿瘤治疗剂的权利要求 1-9任一项的齐墩果酸酰胺化 衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐。
14. #居权利要求 1 1、 12或 13的用途、 方法或齐教果酸酰胺化 衍生物， 其中， 所述肿瘤选自白血病、 多发性骨髓瘤、 淋巴瘤、 肝癌、 胃癌、 乳腺癌、 胆管细胞癌、 胰腺癌、 肺癌、 大肠癌、 骨肉瘤、 人宫 颈癌、 神经胶质瘤、 鼻咽癌、 喉癌、 食管癌、 中耳肿瘤、 黑色素瘤和 前列腺癌。
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