WO2013061372A1 - パーボイル米の製造装置 - Google Patents
パーボイル米の製造装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013061372A1 WO2013061372A1 PCT/JP2011/006004 JP2011006004W WO2013061372A1 WO 2013061372 A1 WO2013061372 A1 WO 2013061372A1 JP 2011006004 W JP2011006004 W JP 2011006004W WO 2013061372 A1 WO2013061372 A1 WO 2013061372A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- drum
- raw material
- steam
- parboiled rice
- pressure
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J27/00—Cooking-vessels
- A47J27/04—Cooking-vessels for cooking food in steam; Devices for extracting fruit juice by means of steam ; Vacuum cooking vessels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/06—Blanching
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
- A23L7/196—Products in which the original granular shape is maintained, e.g. parboiled rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J27/00—Cooking-vessels
- A47J27/04—Cooking-vessels for cooking food in steam; Devices for extracting fruit juice by means of steam ; Vacuum cooking vessels
- A47J2027/043—Cooking-vessels for cooking food in steam; Devices for extracting fruit juice by means of steam ; Vacuum cooking vessels for cooking food in steam
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J37/00—Baking; Roasting; Grilling; Frying
- A47J37/12—Deep fat fryers, e.g. for frying fish or chips
- A47J37/1214—Deep fat fryers, e.g. for frying fish or chips the food being transported through an oil-bath
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/12—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by suction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a parboiled rice manufacturing apparatus.
- parboiled rice is a type of processed rice that is produced and eaten mainly in Asian regions such as India and Pakistan, and in some regions of America and Europe.
- the parboiled rice has been produced by sufficiently immersing the glutinous rice and then steaming it to make the starch of the rice grain alpha (alpha), then drying, kneading and milling the rice. Etc. penetrated into the endosperm and had the flavor of the rice husk.
- brown rice is used as a raw material, and the brown rice is subjected to scouring and milling, and the scoured and treated rice grains are hydrolyzed by spraying, humidified ventilation, or the like.
- the moisture of the rice grain is tempered, the conditioned grain of the rice grain is steamed at atmospheric pressure, the steamed rice grain is pressure steamed with pressurized steam, and the pressure steamed At least the surface of the processed rice grains is cooled, the rice grains that have been subjected to the cooling process are subjected to a finish-milling process, and the rice grains that have been subjected to the finish-milling process are dried.
- brown rice is cooked, so that parboiled rice without rice husk odor can be obtained.
- water is absorbed into the rice grains not by dipping but by hydration, it is not necessary to use a large amount of water and it is not necessary to provide wastewater treatment equipment.
- the manufacturing apparatus of the parboiled rice described in patent documents 1 and 2 is provided with a dedicated installation for every process in the said manufacturing method, and there exists a problem which the whole apparatus enlarges.
- Patent Document 3 The production method described in Patent Document 3 is a method of subjecting brown rice to a preliminary pressure steaming process prior to the above-mentioned water treatment in the production of parboiled rice described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 above.
- the surface of the rice grain is pregelatinized only by the preliminary pressure steaming treatment, so that the surface of the rice grain becomes tough by the pregelatinized layer, and the water absorption speed of the rice grain is increased. Even if the amount of water is increased, the surface of the rice grain is not cracked, and it becomes possible to produce a parboiled rice having a good appearance quality of the rice grain.
- the parboiled rice manufacturing apparatus described in Patent Document 3 is also provided with a dedicated facility for each processing in the above manufacturing method, and there is a problem that the entire apparatus becomes large.
- Non-Patent Document 1 An apparatus for producing parboiled rice in a batch system has been proposed (see Non-Patent Document 1).
- the manufacturing apparatus described in Non-Patent Document 1 is a method in which brown rice or brown rice is subjected to pressure steaming in a container, and the pressure steamed brown rice or the like is dried in the container. Can be applied.
- Non-Patent Document 1 includes two large tanks for immersing the brown rice or the like as a pretreatment for the pressure steaming treatment. Therefore, the manufacturing apparatus described in Non-Patent Document 1 needs to be provided with a large wastewater treatment facility, and does not necessarily solve the problem that the entire apparatus becomes large.
- JP 2008-220221 A JP 2009-27950 A JP 2011-56 A
- an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for producing parboiled rice that can efficiently produce parboiled rice with good quality without increasing the size of the entire apparatus.
- the present invention is a perboiled rice manufacturing apparatus for processing a raw material by a pressure steaming process in a drum and drying the processed raw material in the drum.
- a drum that is provided and rotatably arranged around a horizontal axis; heating means that is provided in the drum and that heats the inside of the drum; and is provided in the drum, and the raw material hatch And a steam supply means for supplying steam into the drum, and a valve for allowing the inside of the drum to communicate with the outside air, and the pressurized steaming of the raw material.
- a pressure adjusting means for enabling pressurization of the interior of the drum by steam supplied from the steam supply means by closing the valve during processing by processing, and the drum is disposed in the drum. Characterized in that it comprises the hydrolysis to hydrolyze unit, and a drying means for drying the raw material by reducing the pressure within the drum to charge.
- the hydration means is a hydration pipe disposed in the drum, and a preliminary pressure steaming treatment for forming an alpha layer on the surface in the drum. It is preferable to hydrate the raw material after having been applied using the hydration pipe.
- the apparatus for producing parboiled rice in the present invention has a vacuum pump that allows the drying means to communicate with the drum, tempering the raw material after being hydrated by the hydrating means, and then pressure steaming treatment It is preferable to dry the raw material after having been subjected to pressure reduction in the drum using the vacuum pump.
- the parboiled rice production apparatus preferably further comprises an air supply means for supplying air into the drum using the hydration means when the raw material is dried by the drying means.
- the steam supplying means supplies steam into the drum through an opening formed at the center of the first end surface of the drum, and the pressure adjusting means is provided on the drum. It is preferable that the inside of the drum can communicate with the outside air through an opening formed at the center of the second end surface.
- a screen for uniformly dispersing the steam supplied from the steam supply means is disposed on the first end face side of the inner peripheral surface of the drum. Is preferred.
- the apparatus for producing parboiled rice in the present invention is to add a small amount of water necessary for pregelatinization to the raw material in the drum and add water to the raw material by means of water added in the drum. Therefore, there is no need for a tank for immersion treatment, and there is no need to provide a wastewater treatment facility therefor. Therefore, according to the apparatus for producing parboiled rice in the present invention, the raw material is subjected to water absorption, the raw material subjected to the water absorption is processed by pressure steaming treatment, and the series of processing until the processed raw material is dried is the same. Since it can be performed in the drum, the entire apparatus is not increased in size as in the prior art.
- the parboiled rice production apparatus absorbs the raw material when the inside of the drum is always heated by the heating means disposed in the drum during the series of processes performed in the drum. Since it can be in an easy state, it is possible to absorb water in a short time, and it is also possible to dry the raw material processed by the pressure steaming process in a short time.
- the apparatus for producing parboiled rice according to the present invention if the raw material in the drum is always stirred by the stirring means disposed in the drum during the series of processes performed in the drum, The series of treatments can be uniformly applied to all raw materials. Therefore, according to the apparatus for producing parboiled rice in the present invention, it is possible to efficiently produce parboiled rice with good quality.
- the apparatus for producing parboiled rice according to the present invention is characterized in that the hydration means is a hydration pipe disposed in the drum, and a preliminary pressurized steaming treatment for forming an alpha layer on the surface in the drum.
- the hydration pipe is used to hydrate the raw material after being subjected to water, the surface of the raw material is toughened by the pregelatinized layer, so the amount of water added to increase the water absorption rate of the raw material. Even if it increases, the surface of the said raw material will not be cracked. Therefore, according to the parboiled rice production apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently produce perboiled rice with good appearance quality.
- the raw material after being subjected to the preliminary pressure steaming treatment in the drum is in a state that is very easy to absorb water by the heat from the processing, Heating in the drum allows water to be added while maintaining a state where the raw material is very easy to absorb water, making it possible to absorb water in a shorter time and controlling the amount of water added to prevent drainage. It is also possible to do.
- the apparatus for producing parboiled rice according to the present invention further includes an air supply means for supplying air into the drum using the hydration means when the raw material is dried by the drying means.
- an air supply means for supplying air into the drum using the hydration means when the raw material is dried by the drying means.
- the steam supplying means supplies steam into the drum through an opening formed at the center of the first end surface of the drum, and the pressure adjusting means is provided on the drum. If the inside of the drum can be communicated with the outside air through an opening formed at the center of the second end surface, the air in the drum can be discharged from the end surface opposite to the end surface on the steam supply side. Therefore, the air in the drum can be efficiently replaced with steam.
- a screen for uniformly dispersing the steam supplied from the steam supply means is disposed on the first end face side of the inner peripheral surface of the drum. Then, the steam is uniformly dispersed in the drum through the screen, so that the steam can be efficiently filled in the drum.
- the notch perspective view of the manufacturing apparatus of the parboiled rice in embodiment of this invention Sectional drawing of the manufacturing apparatus of the parboiled rice in embodiment of this invention.
- the A section enlarged view of FIG. The B section enlarged view of FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a cutaway perspective view of a parboiled rice manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows sectional drawing of the manufacturing apparatus of the parboiled rice in embodiment of this invention.
- An apparatus for producing parboiled rice in an embodiment of the present invention includes a gantry 1, a drum 2 that is horizontally installed on the gantry 1 and is rotatably supported around a horizontal axis, and rotationally drives the drum 2.
- a motor 3 is provided.
- the motor 3, the speed reducer 4 and a pair of support rollers 11 are provided on the upper surface of one side of the gantry 1, and the support column 12 is provided on the upper surface of the other side of the gantry 1.
- a drive gear 41 is provided on the output shaft of the speed reducer 4, and the driving force of the motor 3 is transmitted to the drive gear 41 via the speed reducer 4.
- a raw material hatch 21 is provided on the peripheral surface of the drum 2 in the center in the axial direction. Further, a driven gear 22 meshing with the drive gear 41 and a projecting portion 23 supported by the pair of support rollers 11 are provided on one end surface side of the peripheral surface of the drum 2 over the entire circumference. It is formed.
- each end face of the drum 2 has an opening at the center, a first cylindrical portion 24 extending outward from one end face, and a second cylinder extending outward from the other end face.
- the inside and outside of the drum 2 communicate with each other through the insides of the shaped portions 25.
- a protruding portion 23 formed on the one end surface side is supported by the pair of support rollers 11, and a second cylindrical portion 25 provided on the other end surface is fixed on the column 12. Supported by a bearing 13.
- the drum 2 is driven to rotate at a rotational speed of 3 to 7 rotations per minute when the driving force of the motor 3 is transmitted from the driving gear 41 to the driven gear 22.
- a heating pipe 51 that heats the inside of the drum 2, and stirring blades 54 and 55 that stir the raw material that is put into the drum 2 from the raw material hatch 21.
- a hydration pipe 56 that hydrates the raw material is disposed.
- the heating pipe 51 is disposed between the both end surfaces so that one pipe forms a double helix in the drum 2.
- the heating pipe 51 is disposed so as to rotate integrally with the drum 2.
- the heating pipe 51 has a heating steam supply valve 52 and a heating steam discharge valve 53 opened so that a heating steam supply source outside the drum (not shown) passes through the inside of the second cylindrical portion 25. Heating steam is supplied.
- the heating steam flows through the heating pipe 51 in the drum 2, warms the inside of the drum 2, and then goes outside the drum through the second cylindrical portion 25. Discharged.
- the agitating blades 54 and 55 are arranged to face each other with the central portion sandwiched so that the blade members that form a spiral in the forward and reverse directions in the drum 2 transfer the raw material to the central portion in the axial direction.
- the stirring blades 54 and 55 are provided with two types of blade members having different diameters.
- the first stirring blade 54 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the drum 2 and the second stirring blade 55 is heated. It is fixed to the pipe 51. As a result, the stirring blades 54 and 55 rotate integrally with the drum 2.
- the hydration pipe 56 is disposed in the drum 2 so that one straight pipe is positioned inside the heating pipe 51.
- the hydration pipe 56 is provided with a plurality of hydration nozzles 57.
- the hydration pipe 56 is disposed so as not to rotate with the drum 2. Water is supplied to the hydration pipe 56 from the water supply source outside the drum (not shown) through the first cylindrical portion 24 by opening the water supply valve 58. Then, the water is added to the raw material by spraying or showering from a plurality of addition nozzles 57 provided in the addition pipe 56 in the drum 2.
- the hydration pipe 56 can be supplied with air from an air supply source outside the drum (not shown) by opening the air supply valve 59 while the water supply valve 58 is closed.
- Steam is supplied into the drum 2 from the steam supply source outside the drum (not shown) through the first cylindrical portion 24 by opening the steam supply valve 61.
- a screen 62 may be disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the drum 2 and on the one end surface side.
- the screen 62 uniformly distributes the steam supplied from the steam supply source through the first cylindrical portion 24 in the drum 2. If the screen 62 having a mesh smaller than the particle diameter of the raw material is disposed, the raw material can be prevented from staying at the end portion on one side of the drum 2.
- the drum 2 is provided with a safety valve (not shown) at a position on the one end face side and on the end face side with respect to the screen 62. When the pressure in the drum 2 exceeds a set value that is determined to be abnormal, the drum 2 automatically releases the pressure in the drum 2 by releasing the steam in the drum 2 from the safety valve. It can be lowered to a value below a predetermined set value.
- the inside of the drum 2 can communicate with the outside air through the inside of the second cylindrical portion 25 by opening a drum release valve 64 provided in an outside air communication pipe 63 described later.
- a drum release valve 64 provided in an outside air communication pipe 63 described later.
- the inside of the drum 2 can be communicated with a vacuum pump outside the drum through the inside of the first cylindrical portion 24 by opening the suction valve 65.
- a vacuum pump By reducing the pressure in the drum 2 using the vacuum pump, the raw material in the drum 2 can be dried.
- air is supplied from the air supply source into the drum 2 using the hydration pipe 56, moisture contained in the raw material is absorbed into the air and appropriately discharged out of the drum 2. Can do.
- FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of part A of FIG.
- FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of part B of FIG.
- a first pipe 72 is connected to the first cylindrical portion 24 via a bearing 71 so as to be relatively rotatable.
- a steam supply pipe 73 communicating with the steam supply source
- a suction pipe 74 communicating with the vacuum pump.
- the first pipe 72, the steam supply pipe 73, and the suction pipe 74 may be integrally formed or may be formed separately.
- a water supply pipe that supplies water or air from the water supply source or the air supply source to the water supply pipe 56 through the inside of the first cylindrical portion 24 at the center of the first pipe 72. 75 is arranged not to rotate with the drum 2. Between the inner peripheral surfaces of the first pipe 72 and the first cylindrical portion 24 and the outer peripheral surface of the hydration pipe 75, the steam supply pipe 73, the suction pipe 74, and the inside of the drum 2 are provided. Is formed.
- a second pipe 81 is connected to the second cylindrical portion 25 via a bearing 13 so as to be relatively rotatable.
- the second pipe 81 includes a heating steam supply pipe 82 that communicates with the heating steam supply source, and a heating steam discharge pipe 83 that discharges the heating steam from the heating pipe 51.
- the second pipe 81, the heating steam supply pipe 82, and the heating steam discharge pipe 83 may be formed integrally or separately.
- a cylindrical wall 84 is disposed inside the second cylindrical portion 25 so as to rotate integrally with the drum 2.
- the outside air communication pipe 63 that allows the inside of the drum 2 to communicate with the outside air by opening the drum release valve 64 is disposed in the cylindrical wall 84 so as not to rotate together with the drum 2. Is done.
- a passage that connects the heating steam supply pipe 82 and the heating pipe 51 is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the second cylindrical portion 25 and the second pipe 81 and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical wall 84.
- a passage communicating with 83 is formed.
- the heating steam supply valve 52 and the heating steam discharge valve 53 are opened, and heating steam is supplied from the heating steam supply source (not shown) to the heating pipe 51, The heating steam is caused to flow in the heating pipe 51 to heat the drum 2.
- raw rice or brown rice as raw material is put into the heated drum 2 from the raw material hatch 21 directed upward, and the drum 2 is rotated at a rotational speed of 3 to 7 rotations per minute.
- the stirring of the raw material is started by the stirring blades 54 and 55.
- the moisture content of the rice or brown rice used as the raw material is 8 to 15%.
- the heating of the inside of the drum 2 and the stirring of the raw material by the rotation of the drum 2 are continuously performed until the production of the parboiled rice is completed.
- the steam supply valve 61 is opened, and about 60 in the drum 2 having an internal pressure of 0 to 0.01 MPa (hereinafter referred to as gauge pressure) from the steam supply source. Supply steam continuously for ⁇ 180 seconds. At this time, the air in the drum 2 is pushed by the steam by closing the suction valve 65 and opening the drum release valve 64 located on the end surface opposite to the steam supply side. The air discharged from the drum release valve 64 and the air in the drum 2 is efficiently replaced with steam. When the air in the drum 2 is replaced with the steam, the supply of the steam into the drum 2 is continued, the drum release valve 64 is closed, and the inside of the drum 2 becomes 0.1 for about 60 to 180 seconds.
- the steam is pressurized until a predetermined pressure of ⁇ 0.4 MPa is reached. Then, the degree of opening and closing of the steam supply valve 61 is controlled for 2 to 10 minutes from when the inside of the drum 2 reaches a predetermined pressure until the raw material starch is pregelatinized only at the surface portion.
- the raw material is subjected to pressure steaming while maintaining a constant pressure.
- the steam supply valve 61 is closed, the drum release valve 64 is opened, and the inside of the drum 2 is depressurized to 0 MPa, that is, atmospheric pressure over about 60 to 180 seconds.
- the raw material subjected to the preliminary pressure steaming treatment a uniform alpha layer is formed on the surface portion, and the surface portion is tough, so the amount of water added to increase the water absorption rate of the raw material. Even if it increases, the surface of the said raw material will not be cracked.
- the raw material that has been subjected to the preliminary pressure steaming treatment is in a state where water is very easily absorbed by heat, but the raw material is very easily absorbed by heating in the drum 2. Therefore, it is possible to absorb water in a shorter time, and it is also possible to control the amount of water added so that drainage does not come out.
- the drum release valve 64 is closed, and the inside of the drum 2 becomes 0.1 for about 60 to 180 seconds.
- the steam is pressurized until a predetermined pressure of ⁇ 0.4 MPa is reached.
- the degree of opening and closing of the steam supply valve 61 is controlled for 2 to 10 minutes from when the inside of the drum 2 reaches a predetermined pressure until the starch of the raw material is pregelatinized to the center.
- the raw material is processed by pressure steaming while maintaining the pressure constant.
- the rotation of the drum 2 is continued, and the raw material is stirred in the drum 2, so that the whole raw material is processed evenly, and the starch of the raw material is uniformly alphatized to the center.
- the steam supply valve 61 is closed, the drum release valve 64 is opened, and the inside of the drum 2 is depressurized to 0 MPa, that is, atmospheric pressure over about 60 to 180 seconds.
- the rotation of the drum 2 is continued, and the raw material is stirred in the drum 2, so that the raw material is uniformly and uniformly dried. Further, since the inside of the drum 2 is heated to 40 to 70 ° C. by the heating pipe 51, the drying is completed in a short time. After completion of drying, the rotation of the drum 2 is stopped with the raw material hatch 21 facing downward, the heating steam supply valve 52 and the heating steam discharge valve 53 are closed, and the heating steam supply source The supply of the heating steam to the heating pipe 51 is stopped. Further, the operation of the vacuum pump is stopped, and the suction valve 65 and the air supply valve 59 are closed. Further, the drum release valve 64 is opened to return the pressure in the drum 2 to atmospheric pressure.
- the manufacture of the parboiled rice using the parboiled rice manufacturing apparatus in the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above example, and for example, the “preliminary pressure steaming process” of (2) is performed. It is also possible to produce parball rice without any other method, or to produce parboiled rice by other methods.
- the heating pipe 51 is disposed so as to rotate integrally with the drum 2 in the parboiled rice manufacturing apparatus in the present embodiment, the heating pipe 51 is disposed so as not to rotate together with the drum 2. You can also
- the parboiling rice manufacturing apparatus in the present embodiment heats the inside of the drum 2 by supplying steam to the heating pipe 51
- the drum is supplied by supplying hot water to the heating pipe 51. It is good also as heating the inside.
- the inside of the drum may be heated by a heating heater instead of the heating pipe 51.
- the apparatus for producing parboiled rice in the present embodiment can also be used as a cereal processing apparatus for steaming cereals such as wheat and soybeans containing starch.
- the parboiled rice production apparatus can efficiently produce perboiled rice with good quality without increasing the overall size of the apparatus as in the prior art, and is extremely useful.
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Abstract
Description
また、パーボイル米の製造に際し、加圧蒸煮処理により米粒の澱粉を中心部までアルファ化させるため、前記加圧蒸煮処理の前処理として米粒に吸水を施す必要があるが、当該製造方法によれば、浸漬処理でなく加水処理により米粒に吸水を施すため、大量の水を使用する必要がなく、排水の処理設備を設ける必要もない。
また、特許文献1,2に記載されたパーボイル米の製造装置は、上記製造方法における処理毎に専用の設備を備えるものであり、装置全体が大型化する問題がある。
非特許文献1に記載された製造装置は、容器内において籾米又は玄米を加圧蒸煮処理し、当該容器内において前記加圧蒸煮処理した玄米等を乾燥させるものであり、同一の容器内において複数の処理を施すことができる。
そのため、上記非特許文献1に記載された製造装置は、大型の排水処理設備を設ける必要があり、必ずしも装置全体が大型化する問題を解決するものとはなっていない。
したがって、本発明におけるパーボイル米の製造装置によれば、原料に吸水を施し、該吸水を施した原料を加圧蒸煮処理により加工し、該加工した原料を乾燥させるまでの一連の処理を同一のドラム内で行うことができるため、従来のように装置全体が大型化することがない。
本発明におけるパーボイル米の製造装置は、ドラム内で行う前記一連の処理の間、前記ドラム内に配設される撹拌手段により該ドラム内の原料を常に撹拌することとすれば、当該ドラム内の全ての原料に対し、前記一連の処理をムラなく均一に施すことができる。
したがって、本発明におけるパーボイル米の製造装置によれば、品質の良好なパーボイル米を効率よく製造することができる。
したがって、本発明におけるパーボイル米の製造装置によれば、外観品位の良好なパーボイル米を効率よく製造することができる。
図1は、本発明の実施の形態におけるパーボイル米の製造装置の切り欠き斜視図を示す。また、図2は、本発明の実施の形態におけるパーボイル米の製造装置の断面図を示す。
前記加温パイプ51には、加温用蒸気供給弁52及び加温用蒸気排出弁53の開放により、図示しないドラム外の加温用蒸気供給源から前記第二の円筒状部25内を介して加温用蒸気が供給される。そして、該加温用蒸気は、前記ドラム2内において前記加温パイプ51内を流動し、該ドラム2内を加温した後、前記第二の円筒状部25内を介して、ドラム外に排出される。
前記撹拌羽根54,55には、直径の異なる二種類の羽根部材を設けてなり、第一の撹拌羽根54は前記ドラム2の内周面に固定され、第二の撹拌羽根55は前記加温パイプ51に固定される。これにより、該撹拌羽根54,55は、前記ドラム2と一体となって回転する。前記撹拌羽根54,55として、前記二種類の羽根部材を配設することで、原料の撹拌力及び移送力を高めることができる。
前記加水パイプ56には、水供給弁58の開放により、図示しないドラム外の水供給源から前記第一の円筒状部24内を介して水が供給される。そして、該水は、前記ドラム2内において前記加水パイプ56に設けられる複数の加水ノズル57から噴霧又はシャワーにより原料に加水される。
また、前記ドラム2には、前記一方の端面の側であって前記スクリーン62よりも端面側の位置に、図示しない安全弁が設けられる。前記ドラム2は、該ドラム2内の圧力が異常と判断される設定値を超えた場合、該ドラム2内の蒸気が前記安全弁から放出されることで、該ドラム2内の圧力を自動的に所定の設定値以下の値まで降下させることができる。
前記蒸気供給源から前記ドラム2内に蒸気が供給される際、前記ドラム開放弁64を開放しておけば、前記蒸気を供給する側とは反対側に位置する他方の端面から該ドラム2内の空気を排出することができる。そのため、前記ドラム2内の空気を効率よく蒸気に置き換えることができる。
また、前記ドラム2内に蒸気が供給される際に前記ドラム開放弁64を閉鎖することで、該ドラム2内を加圧状態とすることができる。
前記真空ポンプを利用して前記ドラム2内を減圧するで、該ドラム2内の原料を乾燥させることができる。その際、前記加水パイプ56を利用して、前記エア供給源から前記ドラム2内にエアを供給すれば、原料に含まれる水分を前記エアに吸収させて前記ドラム2外に適切に排出することができる。
図3に示すように、前記第一の円筒状部24には、第一の配管72が軸受71を介して相対的に回転可能に接続される。
該第一の配管72には、前記蒸気供給源に連通する蒸気供給管73と、前記真空ポンプに連通する吸引管74が接続される。ここで、前記第一の配管72、前記蒸気供給管73、及び前記吸引管74は、一体に形成されるものでもよく、別体に形成されるものでもよい。
そして、前記第一の配管72及び第一の円筒状部24の各内周面と前記加水配管75の外周面との間には、前記蒸気供給管73及び前記吸引管74と前記ドラム2内とを連通する通路が形成される。
該第二の配管81には、前記加温用蒸気供給源に連通する加温用蒸気供給管82と、前記加温パイプ51から前記加温用蒸気を排出する加温用蒸気排出管83が接続される。ここで、前記第二の配管81、前記加温用蒸気供給管82、及び前記加温用蒸気排出管83は、一体に形成されるものでもよく、別体に形成されるものでもよい。
さらに、前記円筒状壁84の内部には、前述のとおり、前記ドラム開放弁64の開放により前記ドラム2内を外気と連通可能とする外気連通パイプ63が、前記ドラム2とともに回転しないよう配設される。
そして、前記円筒状壁84の内周面と前記外気連通パイプ63の外周面との間には、前記加温用蒸気供給管82と前記加温パイプ51とを連通する通路が形成される。また、前記第二の円筒状部25及び前記第二の配管81の各内周面と前記円筒状壁84の外周面との間には、前記加温パイプ51と前記加温用蒸気排出管83とを連通する通路が形成される。
(1)原料の投入
前記加温用蒸気供給弁52及び加温用蒸気排出弁53を開放し、図示しない前記加温用蒸気供給源から前記加温パイプ51に加温用蒸気を供給し、該加温用蒸気を前記加温パイプ51内で流動させて前記ドラム2内を加温する。
そして、上方に向けられた前記原料ハッチ21から前記加温されたドラム2内に原料となる籾米又は玄米を投入し、該ドラム2を一分間に3~7回転の回転速度で回転させて前記撹拌羽根54,55により原料の撹拌を開始する。ここで、前記原料となる籾米又は玄米の水分量は8~15%である。ドラム2内の加温及び該ドラム2の回転による原料の撹拌は、パーボイル米の製造が終了するまで継続して行われる。
前記蒸気供給弁61を開放し、前記蒸気供給源から内部圧力0~0.01MPa(以下、圧力表示はゲージ圧とする)の前記ドラム2内に約60~180秒間、連続して蒸気を供給する。この時、前記吸引弁65を閉鎖し、前記蒸気を供給する側と反対側の端面に位置する前記ドラム開放弁64を開放することで、前記ドラム2内の空気が前記蒸気に押されるように前記ドラム開放弁64から排出され、前記ドラム2内の空気が効率よく蒸気に置き換わる。
前記ドラム2内の空気が前記蒸気に置き換わったら、前記ドラム2内への蒸気の供給は継続しつつ前記ドラム開放弁64を閉鎖し、約60~180秒かけて該ドラム内2が0.1~0.4MPaの所定圧力となるまで前記蒸気により加圧する。
そして、該ドラム2内が所定圧力に到達した時点から原料の澱粉が表面部のみアルファ化されるまで2~10分間、前記蒸気供給弁61の開閉度を制御することで、前記ドラム2内の圧力を一定に維持しつつ、前記原料を加圧蒸煮処理する。
前記所定時間が経過した後は、前記蒸気供給弁61を閉鎖するとともに、前記ドラム開放弁64を開放し、約60~180秒かけて前記ドラム2内を0MPa、即ち大気圧へと除圧する。
前記ドラム開放弁64を閉鎖するとともに前記水供給弁58を開放し、図示しない前記水供給源から前記加水パイプ56に水を供給し、該加水パイプ56に設けられた複数の加水ノズル57から噴霧又はシャワーにより、前記ドラム2内に余剰水が生じないペースで、原料が20~28%、望ましくは20~25%の所定の水分量となるよう、60~180秒間加水を行う。ここで、前記ドラム2内の圧力は0MPaに維持されている。
この時、前記ドラム2内が前記加温パイプ51により加温されているから、前記原料の吸水は短時間で終了する。また、前記ドラム2の回転は継続され、該ドラム2内において原料が撹拌されているため、前記原料はムラなく処理され、該原料の表面全体から均一に吸水する。
また、前記予備的な加圧蒸煮処理が施された原料は、熱により非常に吸水しやすい状態となっているが、前記ドラム2内の加温により前記原料が非常に吸水しやすい状態を維持したまま加水することとなるため、より短時間で吸水を施すことが可能となり、また、排水が出ないよう加水量をコントロールすることも可能となる。
前記水供給弁58を閉鎖し、5~20分間テンパリングを行う。ここで、前記ドラム2内の圧力は0MPaに維持されている。また、前記原料の水分量は20~28%に維持されている。
この時、前記ドラム2の回転は継続され、該ドラム2内において原料が撹拌されているため、前記原料内において水分のムラがなくなり、また、各原料同士の水分量も均一化される。
前記蒸気供給弁61を開放し、前記蒸気供給源から内部圧力0~0.01MPaの前記ドラム2内に約60~180秒間、再び蒸気を供給する。この時、前記吸引弁65は閉鎖状態を維持し、前記ドラム開放弁64を開放することで、前記ドラム2内の空気が前記蒸気に押されるように前記ドラム開放弁64から排出され、前記ドラム2内の空気が効率よく蒸気に置き換わる。
そして、該ドラム2内が所定圧力に到達した時点から原料の澱粉が中心部までアルファ化されるまで2~10分間、前記蒸気供給弁61の開閉度を制御することで、前記ドラム2内の圧力を一定に維持しつつ、前記原料を加圧蒸煮処理により加工する。
この時、前記ドラム2の回転は継続され、該ドラム2内において原料が撹拌されているため、前記原料は全体がムラなく処理され、該原料の澱粉は中心部まで均一にアルファ化される。
前記所定時間が経過した後は、前記蒸気供給弁61を閉鎖するとともに、前記ドラム開放弁64を開放し、約60~180秒かけて前記ドラム2内を0MPa、即ち大気圧へと除圧する。
前記ドラム開放弁64を閉鎖するとともに前記吸引弁65を開放し、前記真空ポンプを作動させて前記ドラム2内を減圧する。その際、エア供給弁59を開放し、前記ドラム2内を3~6時間、大気圧の6~20%(約67~200hPa)の負圧の状態に維持しつつ、前記加水パイプ56を利用して、図示しないエア供給源から前記ドラム2内にエアを供給する。これにより、前記原料に含まれる水分を前記エアに吸収させて排出することができ、該ドラム2内の原料を効率よく乾燥させることができる。
また、前記ドラム2内は、加温パイプ51により40~70℃に加温されているから、前記乾燥が短時間で終了する。
乾燥終了後は、前記原料ハッチ21を下向きにして前記ドラム2の回転を停止させるとともに、前記加温用蒸気供給弁52及び加温用蒸気排出弁53を閉鎖し、前記加温用蒸気供給源から前記加温パイプ51への加温用蒸気の供給を停止する。また、前記真空ポンプの作動を停止させるとともに、前記吸引弁65及びエア供給弁59を閉鎖する。さらに、前記ドラム開放弁64を開放し、前記ドラム2内の圧力を大気圧へと戻す。
前記下向きの原料ハッチ21の扉を開けて前記ドラム2内の原料を排出する。ここで、該排出される原料の水分量は、前記乾燥処理により9~12%となっている。
この時、前記一連の処理の間、前記ドラム2の回転による撹拌羽根の作用により原料は中央部へ移動されており、ドラム2外へ容易に排出することができる。
2 ドラム
3 モータ
4 減速機
11 支持ローラ
12 支柱
13 軸受
21 原料ハッチ
22 従動ギヤ
23 突状部
24 第一筒状部
25 第二筒状部
41 駆動ギヤ
51 加温パイプ
52 加温用蒸気供給弁
53 加温用蒸気排出弁
54,55 撹拌羽根
56 加水パイプ
57 加水ノズル
58 水供給弁
59 エア供給弁
61 蒸気供給弁
62 スクリーン
63 外気連通パイプ
64 ドラム開放弁
65 吸引弁
71 軸受
72 第一の配管
73 蒸気供給管
74 吸引管
75 加水配管
81 第二の配管
82 加温用蒸気供給管
83 加温用蒸気排出管
84 円筒状壁
Claims (6)
- ドラム内において加圧蒸煮処理により原料を加工し、該ドラム内において前記加工した原料を乾燥させるパーボイル米の製造装置であって、
周面に原料ハッチが設けられるとともに水平な軸心回りに回転可能に配設されるドラムと、
前記ドラム内に配設され、該ドラム内を加温する加温手段と、
前記ドラム内に配設され、前記原料ハッチから該ドラム内に投入された原料を撹拌する撹拌手段と、
前記ドラム内に蒸気を供給する蒸気供給手段と、
前記ドラム内を外気と連通可能とする弁を有し、原料の前記加圧蒸煮処理による加工に際し前記弁を閉じることで、前記ドラム内を前記蒸気供給手段から供給される蒸気により加圧可能とする圧力調整手段と、
前記ドラム内に配設され、前記ドラム内において原料に加水する加水手段と、
前記ドラム内を減圧することにより原料を乾燥させる乾燥手段と、
を備えることを特徴とするパーボイル米の製造装置。 - 前記加水手段は、前記ドラム内に配設される加水パイプであって、該ドラム内において表面にアルファ化層を形成するための予備的な加圧蒸煮処理が施された後の原料に、前記加水パイプを利用して加水する請求項1記載のパーボイル米の製造装置。
- 前記乾燥手段は、前記ドラム内に連通可能とされる真空ポンプを有し、前記加水手段により加水した後の前記原料をテンパリングし、その後、前記加圧蒸煮処理が施された後の原料を、前記真空ポンプを利用して前記ドラム内を減圧することにより乾燥させる請求項1又は2記載のパーボイル米の製造装置。
- 前記乾燥手段により原料を乾燥させるに際し、前記加水手段を利用して前記ドラム内にエアを供給するエア供給手段をさらに備える請求項1乃至3の何れか一項記載のパーボイル米の製造装置。
- 前記蒸気供給手段は、前記ドラムの第一の端面中央に形成される開口を介して該ドラム内に蒸気を供給し、
前記圧力調整手段は、前記ドラムの第二の端面中央に形成される開口を介して該ドラム内を外気と連通可能とする請求項1乃至4の何れか一項記載のパーボイル米の製造装置。 - 前記ドラムの内周面における前記第一の端面側には、前記蒸気供給手段から供給される蒸気を該ドラム内に均一に分散させるスクリーンが配設される請求項5記載のパーボイル米の製造装置。
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- 2011-10-26 EP EP11874583.5A patent/EP2772158B1/en active Active
- 2011-10-26 WO PCT/JP2011/006004 patent/WO2013061372A1/ja active Application Filing
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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BR112014010044A2 (pt) | 2017-06-13 |
EP2772158A4 (en) | 2015-08-26 |
IN2014CN02801A (ja) | 2015-07-03 |
EP2772158A1 (en) | 2014-09-03 |
BR112014010044A8 (pt) | 2017-06-20 |
ES2714252T3 (es) | 2019-05-27 |
US9578983B2 (en) | 2017-02-28 |
CN104023599A (zh) | 2014-09-03 |
EP2772158B1 (en) | 2018-12-05 |
US20140251161A1 (en) | 2014-09-11 |
CN104023599B (zh) | 2016-01-13 |
BR112014010044B1 (pt) | 2020-03-24 |
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