WO2013027439A1 - 酸化部分水素添加油脂 - Google Patents
酸化部分水素添加油脂 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013027439A1 WO2013027439A1 PCT/JP2012/059146 JP2012059146W WO2013027439A1 WO 2013027439 A1 WO2013027439 A1 WO 2013027439A1 JP 2012059146 W JP2012059146 W JP 2012059146W WO 2013027439 A1 WO2013027439 A1 WO 2013027439A1
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- oil
- fat
- partially hydrogenated
- oils
- fats
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
- A23D9/02—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils characterised by the production or working-up
- A23D9/04—Working-up
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D7/00—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines
- A23D7/001—Spread compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
- A21D—TREATMENT, e.g. PRESERVATION, OF FLOUR OR DOUGH, e.g. BY ADDITION OF MATERIALS; BAKING; BAKERY PRODUCTS; PRESERVATION THEREOF
- A21D2/00—Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto before or during baking
- A21D2/08—Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto before or during baking by adding organic substances
- A21D2/14—Organic oxygen compounds
- A21D2/16—Fatty acid esters
- A21D2/165—Triglycerides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
- A23D9/02—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils characterised by the production or working-up
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L23/00—Soups; Sauces; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L23/10—Soup concentrates, e.g. powders or cakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/006—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/12—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by hydrogenation
- C11C3/123—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by hydrogenation using catalysts based principally on nickel or derivates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to oxidized partially hydrogenated fats and oils, and more specifically, an oil and fat composition having a hydrogenated odor and a hydrogenated flavor equivalent to those of conventional oils even though the trans fatty acid content is very low, and a food material using the same It is related with the said fats and oils suitable as fats and oils.
- Partially hydrogenated fats and oils obtained by partial hydrogenation of edible vegetable oils and fats are superior in heat resistance and oxidation stability compared to liquid salad oils, and have been used as cooking oils for fried chicken, french fries, donuts, etc. Yes. Since partially hydrogenated fats and oils have plasticity, they are also used in the manufacture of oils and fats processed foods such as plastic fat compositions such as margarine and shortening, and foamy oil-in-water emulsions such as whipped cream.
- Edible vegetable oils and fats Partially hydrogenated fats and oils have a unique odor and flavor called hydrogenated odor and hydrogenated flavor. This unique smell and flavor are familiar with fried chicken and donuts.
- the partially hydrogenated fats and oils of edible vegetable fats and oils contain up to several tens of weight percent of trans fatty acids produced during the hydrogenation reaction. It has been reported that when animals including humans ingest a large amount of trans fatty acids for a long period of time, the blood total cholesterol level and low density lipoprotein cholesterol level increase, which may cause obesity, ischemic heart disease and the like. Therefore, an increasing number of countries require that foods containing trans-fatty acids exceeding a certain amount be labeled with trans-fatty acids. In response to this global trend, there is a strong movement in Japan to reduce trans fatty acids in foods.
- the hydrogenated odor of partially hydrogenated fats and oils is thought to be due to the degradation product of trans fatty acid having a specific structure.
- the problem is that by reducing the trans fatty acid, the unique hydrogenated odor and flavor are lost.
- JP 2009-89684A describes an oil / fat obtained by slightly oxidizing a partially hydrogenated oil / fat to a peroxide value of 0.04-7.
- the oil-and-fat composition to contain is proposed (patent document 1).
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-99037 proposes an oil / fat composition containing palm fractionated soft oil and palm fractionated hard oil in a certain ratio (Patent Document 2).
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-115149 proposes a partially hydrogenated fat and oil composition containing 0.1 ppm or more of 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecene and an oil and fat composition containing the same. .
- an object of the present invention is to provide an oil and fat composition having a hydrogenated odor and flavor equivalent to those of conventional ones, and having a trans-fatty acid content suppressed to the level of salad oil while maintaining the hydrogenated odor and the raw oil and fat thereof. It is to provide.
- An object of the present invention is also to provide a food containing the above fat composition and a food having a hydrogenated odor and a flavor obtained by using the above fat composition.
- the present inventors diligently studied the above problems, and as a result, oxidized partially hydrogenated oils and fats in which the C18: 2 trans isomer content and the peroxide value in all the constituent fatty acids were controlled within a certain range were obtained by conventional partial hydrogenation. It has been found that the hydrogenated odor is significantly stronger than fats and oils. By using a small amount of this oxidized partially hydrogenated fat and oil, it is possible to produce a fat and oil composition having a conventional hydrogenated odor and flavor while keeping the trans fatty acid content low.
- the present invention provides oxidized partially hydrogenated fats and oils having a C18: 2 trans isomer content of 10 to 60% by weight and a peroxide value of 8 to 350 meq / kg in all constituent fatty acids.
- the C18: 2 trans isomer is between the peak of the C18: 1 cis isomer and the peak of the C18: 2 cis isomer when the partially hydrogenated oil is analyzed by gas chromatography. It means a general term for fatty acids corresponding to all the peaks that appear.
- the C18: 2 trans isomer is sometimes referred to as t18: 2.
- the weight ratio of the C18: 2 trans isomer content to the C18: 1 trans isomer content in the total constituent fatty acids of the oxidized partially hydrogenated fat is preferably 0.3 to 1.8.
- the C18: 1 trans isomer refers to all those that appear between the C18: 0 peak and the C18: 1 cis isomer peak when a partially hydrogenated oil is analyzed using gas chromatography. It means a general term for fatty acids corresponding to peaks.
- the C18: 1 trans isomer may be referred to as t18: 1.
- the oxidized partially hydrogenated oil / fat is obtained by, for example, partially hydrogenating oil / fat and further oxidizing the obtained partially hydrogenated oil / fat.
- the total of the linoleic acid content and the ⁇ -linolenic acid content in the total constituent fatty acids of the partially hydrogenated fat is preferably 10% by weight or less.
- the oil / fat is preferably an edible vegetable oil / fat containing 10% by weight or more of ⁇ -linolenic acid in all the constituent fatty acids.
- the present invention also provides an oil / fat composition containing the oxidized partially hydrogenated oil / fat.
- the oil / fat composition preferably contains 0.01 to 10% by weight of the oxidized partially hydrogenated oil / fat.
- the present invention also provides a food containing the above fat composition.
- the present invention also provides a food cooked with the oil composition.
- the present invention also includes a step of partially hydrogenating fats and oils until the C18: 2 trans isomer content in the total constituent fatty acids is 10 to 60% by weight, and the fats and oils have a peroxide value of 8 to 350 meq / kg.
- oxidized partially hydrogenated fats and oils having a C18: 2 trans isomer content of 10 to 60% by weight and a peroxide value of 8 to 350 meq / kg in all fatty acids Provide a method.
- the above production method includes a step of partially hydrogenating fats and oils until the C18: 2 trans isomer content in the total constituent fatty acids is 10 to 60% by weight, and the resulting partially hydrogenated fats and oils have a peroxide value of 8 to 350 meq. It is preferable to include an oxidation treatment step until it reaches / kg.
- the partially hydrogenated fat it is preferable to heat the partially hydrogenated fat at 50 to 200 ° C.
- the total of the linoleic acid content and the ⁇ -linolenic acid content in the total constituent fatty acids of the partially hydrogenated fat is preferably 10% by weight or less.
- the fat is preferably an edible vegetable fat containing 10 to 70% by weight of ⁇ -linolenic acid in all the constituent fatty acids.
- the content of trans fatty acid in a conventional oil / fat composition containing partially hydrogenated oil / fat is usually about 10 to 50% by weight.
- the oxidized partially hydrogenated fat and oil of the present invention has a strong hydrogenated odor and flavor and is excellent in the durability of the hydrogenated odor.
- the fat composition containing a small amount of this oxidized partially hydrogenated fat has a hydrogenated odor and a hydrogenated flavor comparable to those of the prior art, although the trans fatty acid content is much lower than that of the conventional one.
- the food product using the oil and fat composition of the present invention has a strong hydrogenated odor and a hydrogenated flavor even though the trans fatty acid content is very low.
- the oxidized partially hydrogenated fat of the present invention it is important to control the t18: 2 content and the peroxide value within a certain range.
- the unsaturated fatty acid double bond isomerizes from the cis form to the trans form, and trans fatty acid is by-produced.
- positional isomers in which the position of the double bond has moved are also produced as a by-product.
- Partially hydrogenated fats and oils usually contain several to several tens of weight% of cis-trans isomers and positional isomers of linoleic acid and oleic acid.
- the C18: 2 trans isomer content in all the constituent fatty acids is 10% by weight or more. Preferably it is 12 weight% or more, More preferably, it is 30 weight% or more. If the C18: 2 trans isomer content is less than 10% by weight, an oxidized partially hydrogenated oil with a strong hydrogenation odor cannot be obtained.
- the C18: 2 trans isomer content in all the constituent fatty acids is 60% by weight or less, preferably 50% by weight or less, more preferably 45% by weight or less. If the C18: 2 trans isomer content exceeds 60% by weight, production may be difficult.
- the weight ratio of the t18: 2 content to the t18: 1 content in all the constituent fatty acids is preferably in the range of 0.3 to 1.8. If it is out of this range, the fat composition containing the partially oxidized hydrogenated fat may emit an unpleasant odor due to deterioration during heating (hereinafter referred to as “deteriorated odor”).
- the lower limit of the peroxide value is 8 meq / kg, preferably 10 meq / kg, more preferably 20 meq / kg, and most preferably 30 meq / kg. If the peroxide value is lower than 8 meq / kg, the strength of hydrogenated odor and its sustainability may be insufficient when a certain amount is added to the base oil and heated.
- the upper limit of the peroxide value is 350 meq / kg, preferably 300 meq / kg, more preferably 250 meq / kg, and particularly preferably 220 meq / kg.
- a deterioration odor may be generated when added to the base oil and heated.
- the peroxide value of fats and oils can be measured according to the method described in “The Japan Oil Chemists' Society, Standard Oil and Fat Analysis Method 2.5.2.1-1996”.
- the oxidized partially hydrogenated fat / oil is a step of partially hydrogenating fat / oil until the C18: 2 trans isomer content in the total constituent fatty acid becomes 10 to 60% by weight, and the fat / fat has a peroxide value of 8 to 350 meq / kg. It can obtain by the manufacturing method including the process of oxidizing until it becomes.
- the order of the fat and oil partial hydrogenation step and the fat and oil oxidation treatment step is not particularly limited.
- the fat or oil is partially hydrogenated until the C18: 2 trans isomer content in the total constituent fatty acid is 10 to 60% by weight, and then the resulting partially hydrogenated fat or oil has a peroxide value of 8 to 350 meq / kg. Oxidize until.
- the oxidized partially hydrogenated oil / fat is preferably obtained by partially hydrogenating the oil / fat and oxidizing the obtained partially hydrogenated oil / fat. You may oxidize partially hydrogenated fats and oils after subjecting to refinement
- the fat used as a raw material for the partially hydrogenated fat used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is used as edible, but is preferably an edible vegetable fat.
- edible vegetable oils include linseed oil, walnut oil, egoma oil (seed oil), rapeseed oil, soybean oil, corn oil, palm oil and the like.
- the ⁇ -linolenic acid content in the constituent fatty acids of the raw material fat is preferably 10% by weight or more, more preferably 40% by weight or more, more preferably 50% by weight or more
- the hydrogenated odor of the partially oxidized hydrogenated fat and oil Hydrogenated flavor is enhanced.
- the oil and fat composition containing the oxidized partially hydrogenated oil and fat of the present invention also has a good hydrogenation odor.
- linseed oil it is preferable to include linseed oil, egoma oil (seed oil) and walnut oil having a high ⁇ -linolenic acid content in the raw oil.
- egoma oil seed oil
- walnut oil having a high ⁇ -linolenic acid content
- linseed oil and sesame oil contain 50% by weight or more of ⁇ -linolenic acid, it is desirable to include one or two of these in the raw oil.
- Raw material fats and oils may be combined with one or more of the above fats and oils. Oils and fats obtained by transesterification, fractionation, etc., and mixtures thereof may be used.
- Partially hydrogenated fats and oils can be produced by a conventional hydrogenation reaction.
- a conventional hydrogenation reaction For example, 0.01 to 0.3% by weight of a nickel catalyst or the like is added to edible vegetable fats and oils of raw material fats and oils, and a hydrogenation reaction is performed under conditions of a temperature of 120 to 220 ° C. and a hydrogen pressure of 0.01 to 0.3 MPa. Do.
- the raw material oil / fat having a high ⁇ -linolenic acid content is used, for example, under the following selective conditions: nickel catalyst (catalyst addition amount: 0.05 to 0.3) It is preferable to carry out the hydrogenation reaction at a reaction temperature of 170 to 210 ° C. and a hydrogen pressure of 0.01 to 0.2 MPa.
- the catalyst is a low-activity nickel catalyst (for example, a catalyst that has been used once or more in the hydrogenation reaction, or a product name SO650 (manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)), and a catalyst addition amount of 0.1 It is carried out at a reaction temperature of 190 to 210 ° C. and a hydrogen pressure of 0.01 to 0.1 MPa.
- a low-activity nickel catalyst for example, a catalyst that has been used once or more in the hydrogenation reaction, or a product name SO650 (manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- the total of the linoleic acid content and ⁇ -linolenic acid content of the partially hydrogenated fat after hydrogenation is preferably 10% by weight or less, more preferably 9% by weight or less.
- the lower limit of the total amount is not particularly limited, and may be 0 as in Example 28 described later. Deteriorating odor can be suppressed by setting the total amount to a predetermined amount.
- fats and oils are usually heated at a temperature of 50 to 200 ° C., preferably 100 to 200 ° C., more preferably 100 to 180 ° C. It is not always necessary to blow air at the time of heating, but by blowing a constant amount (for example, 0.2 to 1.0 L / min) while stirring at a constant speed (for example, 50 to 350 rpm). Thus, it can be efficiently oxidized in a short time to a predetermined peroxide value. Oxidation for a short time can also prevent the generation of deteriorated odor.
- the peroxide value of the partially hydrogenated fat / oil before refining (purified) is usually 0.
- the present invention also provides an oil / fat composition containing the above-mentioned oxidized partially hydrogenated oil / fat.
- the edible fat hereinafter referred to as “base oil”) to which the oxidized partially hydrogenated fat is added is not particularly limited as long as it is an edible fat.
- base oils include palm oil, palm kernel oil, palm oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, rice oil, sunflower oil, safflower oil, cocoa butter and other vegetable oils, lard and other animal oils, etc. Can be mentioned.
- processed oils and fats such as these fractionated oils (mid melting point of palm oil, fractionated soft oil of palm oil, fractionated hard oil of palm oil, etc.) and transesterified oil can be used.
- these edible fats and oils can use 1 type (s) or 2 or more types.
- Additives commonly used for edible fats and oils can be added to the fat and oil composition of the present invention.
- additives include antioxidants such as tocopherol, vitamin C palmitate, lignan, oryzanol; lecithin, diglyceride, glycerin fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, polyglycerol fatty acid ester, etc.
- Emulsifiers ; antifoaming agents such as silicone; fragrances; physiologically active substances such as coenzyme Q.
- the content of the oxidized partially hydrogenated oil / fat is usually 0.01 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the composition. It is.
- the fat composition has a strong hydrogenated odor and a hydrogenated flavor even though the trans fatty acid content of the fat composition is very low. Excellent. Furthermore, the deterioration odor is also suppressed.
- the trans fatty acid content of fats and oils can be measured by a gas chromatography method according to the American Petroleum Institute official method (Ce1h-05).
- the total trans fatty acid content of the hydrogenated oil of the present invention is usually 40 to 68% by weight, particularly 45 to 65% by weight.
- the total trans fatty acid content of the oil / fat composition to which the hydrogen oxide-added oil / fat is added in the above range is usually 0.004 to 6.5% by weight, particularly 0.05 to 3.3% by weight. This value is approximately 1/1000 to 1/3 of a conventional oil and fat composition having an equivalent hydrogenation odor (trans fatty acid content of 10 to 50% by weight).
- the oil and fat composition of the present invention includes oil-in-water emulsions, foamy oil-in-water emulsions, water-in-oil emulsions, plastic oil and fat compositions, processed oils and fats such as roux and chocolate, fried foods, fried foods, etc. It can be suitably used for cooked foods and the like.
- the present invention provides a food containing an oil and fat composition.
- This food is an oil-in-water emulsion produced using the oil / fat composition of the present invention, a foamable oil-in-water emulsion, a water-in-oil emulsion, a plastic oil / fat composition, a fat or a fat such as chocolate, etc.
- Processed foods, processed foods manufactured using these processed oils and fats, and the like are included.
- oils and fats include, for example, oil-in-water emulsions such as cream, foaming oil-in-water emulsions such as whipped cream, margarine shortening (confectionery and bread kneading Plastic oils and fat compositions such as curling and folding, frying, fried food, butter cream, etc., curry and other roux, chocolate and the like.
- the processed oil / fat food can be manufactured by a conventional method without the use of materials and special conditions.
- the fats and oils used in the processed fats and oils it is preferable to use 30 to 100% by weight, more preferably 50 to 100% by weight, and more preferably 70 to 100% by weight of the fats and oils composition of the present invention. % Is most preferred.
- processed foods include, for example, baked confectionery such as cakes, cookies, biscuits and pie, bread such as bread, confectionery bread and Danish, and roux such as pizza and curry.
- Processed foods can be produced by conventional methods without the use of raw materials or special conditions as long as the oil-fat processed foods produced using the oil-fat composition of the present invention are used.
- the present invention also provides a food cooked using the oil and fat composition of the present invention.
- the cooked food includes cooked food obtained by cooking such as fried food and fried food.
- cooked food examples include, for example, deep-fried, fried, cutlet, croquette, fried (fried chicken, fried potato, etc.), tempura, donut, fried noodles, rice cracker, hail, biscuits, crackers, cookies, pretzel, Examples include corn chips, corn puffs, popcorn, potato chips, nuts, butter peanuts and snacks.
- the cooked food can be manufactured (cooked) by a conventional method without requiring the materials to be used or special conditions other than cooking with the oil and fat composition of the present invention.
- the linseed oil and soybean oil (product name: soybean white squeezed oil, manufactured by J-Oil Mills Co., Ltd.) having an ⁇ -linolenic acid content of 7.2% by weight in the constituent fatty acid in a weight ratio of 3: 7. 700 g of the blended oil and fat was subjected to partial hydrogenation treatment for 100 minutes under the conditions shown in Table 1. This partial hydrogenation treatment was repeated several times until the required amount of the partially hydrogenated fat was obtained.
- Table 2 shows the total amount of linoleic acid + ⁇ -linolenic acid content of the obtained partially hydrogenated fats and oils.
- the 250 g of the partially hydrogenated fat was put into a 500 mL stainless beaker and immersed in an oil bath having an oil temperature of 105 ° C. While stirring at a rate of 250 rpm, air (0.8 L / min) was blown into the fat and oil and forced oxidation was performed until the peroxide values shown in Table 2 were reached.
- the fatty acid composition analysis of each obtained oxidized partially hydrogenated fat was performed according to the following procedure.
- the oxidized partially hydrogenated oil was converted into a fatty acid methyl ester by a boron trifluoride methanol method, and then the fatty acid composition was analyzed by a gas chromatography (GC) method.
- GC gas chromatography
- GC device Product name GC2010 (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) ⁇ Column SP-2560 (100 m ⁇ 0.25 mm ⁇ 0.2 ⁇ m) (manufactured by Spelco) ⁇ Inlet temperature 250 °C ⁇ Carrier gas Helium (29.1 ml / min) ⁇ Split ratio 25: 1 -Column temperature 180 ° C 55 min ⁇ (8 ° C / min) ⁇ 220 ° C 5 min ⁇ Detector Hydrogen flame ion detector (260 °C)
- Oil and Fat Composition 1% by weight of the obtained oxidized partially hydrogenated oil and fat was added to palm fractionated soft oil having an iodine value of 67 (manufactured by J-Oil Mills) to obtain an oil and fat composition. It was.
- the peroxide value is 6 meq / kg or less, although the deterioration odor is weak, the hydrogenated odor is weak and the hydrogenated odor is insufficient in sustainability.
- the peroxide value is increased to 350 meq / kg, although a hydrogenated odor is strong, a deteriorated odor is also exhibited.
- the peroxide value is preferably 15 to 250 meq / kg, more preferably 30 to 250 meq / kg, the hydrogenated odor during heating is strong, the durability of the hydrogenated odor is good, and the deterioration odor is also weak. Thus, an excellent fat composition is obtained.
- Oxidized Partially Hydrogenated Fat and Oil 700 g of the linseed oil or sesame oil ( ⁇ -linolenic acid content of constituent fatty acid 65.4% by weight, manufactured by Ota Oil and Fats Co., Ltd.) under the same conditions as in Table 1
- Oxidized partially hydrogenated fats and oils were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that hydrogenation treatment was performed for various times shown and oxidation treatment was further performed until the peroxide value became 170 meq / kg.
- Table 3 shows the fatty acid composition of each obtained fat.
- Examples 25 to 31 ( ⁇ -linolenic acid content of raw oil and fat) Using raw material fats and oils having different ⁇ -linolenic acid contents, oxidized partially hydrogenated fats and oils and fat compositions containing the same of the present invention were prepared, and physical properties during heating were evaluated. 1. Preparation of Oxidized Partially Hydrogenated Fats and Oils Oxidized partially hydrogenated fats and oils were prepared using the same procedures as in Examples except that the raw material fats and oils, the hydrogenation reaction conditions, and the oxidation treatment were changed to the types and numerical values shown in Table 4. The origin of the raw material fat used is as follows.
- Sesame oil Linseed oil from Ota Oil Co., Ltd .: High-Oleic safflower oil from J-Oil Mills Co., Ltd .: Product name J White squeezed oil, corn oil manufactured by J-Oil Mills Co., Ltd .: Product name J corn oil, soft oil fractionated by palm oil manufactured by J-Oil Mills Co., Ltd .: iodine value 67, rapeseed oil manufactured by J-Oil Mills Co., Ltd .: Product name Table 4 shows the physical properties of each of the partially hydrogenated oils and fats obtained from J canola oil, manufactured by J-Oil Mills Co., Ltd.
- Comparative Examples 4 to 6 using raw oils and fats having an ⁇ -linolenic acid content of less than 10% by weight can only obtain oxidized partially hydrogenated fats and oils having a t18: 2 content lower than the range specified in the present invention. Absent. As a result, only a fat composition having a weak hydrogenation odor and low sustainability can be obtained.
- an oxidized partially hydrogenated fat and oil having a t18: 2 content within the range specified in the present invention can be obtained. As a result, a strong hydrogenated odor and a highly durable oil and fat composition are obtained.
- the raw fats and oils may be of any type as long as the ⁇ -linolenic acid content is higher than 10% by weight as shown in Examples 25 to 31.
- the ⁇ -linolenic acid content of the raw oil was 40% by weight or more. As a result, an oil / fat composition excellent in hydrogenation odor and durability is obtained.
- Fry food test The fried food was cooked using the oil and fat composition of Examples 6 and 28, and the hydrogenated flavor and the sustainability of the food were evaluated. For comparison, the same tests were performed on the oil and fat compositions of Comparative Examples 4 and 6. The procedure of the evaluation test is shown below.
- each oil and fat composition was put into a 3 L fryer and heated at 180 ° C. for 10 hours. Meanwhile, every hour, each fryer fried 300g of frozen fries (Ajinomoto Frozen Foods Co., Ltd.) for 3 minutes and 30 seconds, and then fried chicken fried meat (Nisshin Flour Milling Co., Ltd.) ) Made) 4 slices were fried for 4 minutes.
- Processed Food Test Bread and soup were prepared using the oxidized partially hydrogenated fats and oils prepared in Example 6, and the hydrogenated flavor was evaluated. For comparison, a test using the partially hydrogenated oil prepared in Comparative Example 6 was also performed.
- the resulting dough was divided into 8 equal parts, degassed and then rolled and rested for 15 minutes. Each dough was stretched with a rolling pin, wound from the end, formed, and fermented at 35 ° C. for 30 minutes. A roll of bread was baked by applying an appropriate amount of beaten egg to this and holding it in an oven at 180 ° C. for 12 minutes.
- Examples 32 to 45 (Amount of addition of oxidized partially hydrogenated oil) An oil and fat composition was prepared by adding the oxidized partially hydrogenated oil and fat prepared in Example 6 to various base oils shown in Table 8 at various ratios. The obtained oil and fat composition was evaluated in the same procedure as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 8.
- the hydrogenated odor of the fat / oil composition appears and becomes strongest at 0.5 to 10% by weight.
- the deterioration odor becomes strong, and thus the hydrogenation odor becomes weak.
- the range of 0.1 to 10% by weight is preferable, and the range of 0.1 to 5% by weight is more preferable.
- Example 46 (Oxidation method) By changing the oxidation method of partially hydrogenated fats and oils, the acid value partially hydrogenated fats and oils of the present invention and fat and oil compositions containing the same were prepared, and the physical properties during heating were evaluated. 1. Preparation of Oxidized Partially Hydrogenated Oils and Fats Oxidation with a peroxide value of 10 meq / kg was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the oxidation treatment of Example 1 was heated at 180 ° C. for 10 hours without blowing air. A partially hydrogenated oil was prepared.
- Oil and Fat Composition was prepared by adding 1% by weight of the obtained oxidized partially hydrogenated oil and fat to palm fractionated soft oil (iodine value 67, manufactured by J-Oil Mills). .
- the obtained oil and fat composition was evaluated in the same procedure as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 9.
- Example 46 As shown in Table 9, the oil / fat composition of Example 46 developed an excellent hydrogenated odor and its sustainability compared to the oil / fat composition of Example 1 having the same peroxide value. It was inferior to Example 1.
- Example 6 which was oxidized to a peroxide value of 170 meq / kg while blowing air at a temperature of 105 ° C., an oil and fat composition having a strong hydrogenation odor and a weak deterioration odor can be obtained. From the above, even when heated and oxidized at 180 ° C., an oil and fat composition having a hydrogenated odor can be obtained. In order to obtain an oil and fat composition having a comprehensively excellent hydrogenated odor and deteriorated odor, It can be said that it is preferable to increase the peroxide value quickly by blowing.
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Abstract
Description
t18:2含量が37.0重量%及び28.8重量%の二種類の酸化部分水素添加油脂について、過酸化物価を変更し、水素添加臭に及ぼす影響を調べた。
1.酸化部分水素添加油脂の調製
構成脂肪酸中のα-リノレン酸含量55.3重量%のアマニ油((株)J-オイルミルズ製)700gを表1に示す条件で、220分間、部分水素添加処理した。この部分水素添加処理は部分水素添加油脂の必要量が得られるまで数回繰り返し行った。また、前記アマニ油と構成脂肪酸中のα-リノレン酸含量7.2重量%の大豆油(製品名:大豆白絞油、(株)J-オイルミルズ製)とを3:7の重量割合で配合した油脂700gを、表1に示す条件で、100分間、部分水素加添加処理した。この部分水素添加処理は部分水素添加油脂の必要量が得られるまで数回繰り返し行った。得られた部分水素添加油脂のリノール酸+αリノレン酸含量の合計量を表2に示す。
・GC装置 製品名GC2010((株)島津製作所製)
・カラム SP-2560(100m×0.25mm×0.2μm)(スペルコ社製)
・注入口温度 250℃
・キャリアガス ヘリウム(29.1ml/min)
・スプリット比 25:1
・カラム温度 180℃55min→(8℃/min)→220℃5min
・検出器 水素炎イオン検出器(260℃)
全トランス脂肪酸:図5中のピーク番号1~7、13~27及び30~33で示される脂肪酸
C18:1トランス型異性体(t18:1):図5中のピーク番号1~7で示される脂肪酸
C18:2トランス型異性体(t18:2):図5中のピーク番号13~27で示される脂肪酸
得られた酸化部分水素添加油脂を、ヨウ素価67のパーム分別軟質油((株)J-オイルミルズ製)に対して1重量%添加して、油脂組成物を得た。
<水素添加臭>
6点: 非常に強く感じる
5点: 強く感じる
4点: やや強く感じる
3点: 明確に感じる
2点: 少し感じる
1点: わずかに感じる
0点: まったく感じない
<劣化臭>
6点: まったく感じない
5点: わずかに感じる
4点: 少し感じる
3点: 明確に感じる
2点: やや強く感じる
1点: 強く感じる
0点: 非常に強く感じる
結果を表2に示す。
<水素添加臭の持続性>
◎: 8時間以上持続
○: 5時間以上8時間未満持続
△: 2時間以上5時間未満持続
×: 2時間未満持続
結果を表2に示す。
過酸化物価170meq/kgの酸化部分水素添加油脂について、t18:2含量が水素添加臭に及ぼす影響を以下の手順で調べた。
1.酸化部分水素添加油脂の調製
前記アマニ油、又はエゴマ油(構成脂肪酸中のα-リノレン酸含量65.4重量%、太田油脂(株)製)700gを表1と同様の条件で、表3に示す各種時間、水素添加処理し、さらに過酸化物価が170meq/kgになるまで酸化処理した以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で、酸化部分水素添加油脂を調製した。得られた各油脂の脂肪酸組成を表3に示す。
得られた各酸化部分水素添加油脂を、パーム分別軟質油(ヨウ素価67、(株)J-オイルミルズ製)に対して1重量%添加し、油脂組成物を得た。上記油脂組成物の評価を、実施例1と同様の手順で行った。評価結果を表3に示す。
α-リノレン酸含量の異なる原料油脂を用いて、本発明の酸化部分水素添加油脂とそれを含む油脂組成物を調製し、加熱時の物性を評価した。
1.酸化部分水素添加油脂の調製
原料油脂、水素添加反応条件及び酸化処理を表4に示す種別及び数値に変更した以外は、実施例と同様の手順を用いて、酸化部分水素添加油脂を調製した。使用した原料油脂の由来は、以下のとおりである。
エゴマ油:太田油脂(株)製
アマニ油:(株)J-オイルミルズ製
ハイオレイックサフラワー油:製品名J 一番絞りべに花油、(株)J-オイルミルズ製
大豆油:製品名大豆白絞油、(株)J-オイルミルズ製
コーン油:製品名J コーン油、(株)J-オイルミルズ製
パーム分別軟質油:ヨウ素価67、(株)J-オイルミルズ製
菜種油:製品名J キャノーラ油、(株)J-オイルミルズ製
各酸化部分水素添加油脂の物性を表4に示す。
得られた各酸化部分水素添加油脂を、パーム分別軟質油(ヨウ素価67、(株)J-オイルミルズ製)に対して1重量%添加し、油脂組成物を得た。上記油脂組成物の評価を、実施例1と同様の手順で行った。評価結果を表4に示す。
実施例6及び28の油脂組成物を用いてフライ食品を調理し、食品の水素添加風味とその持続性の評価をした。比較のため、比較例4及び6の油脂組成物についても同様の試験を行った。評価試験の手順を以下に示す。
<フライ食品の水素添加風味>
6点: 非常に強く感じる
5点: 強く感じる
4点: やや強く感じる
3点: 明確に感じる
2点: 少し感じる
1点: わずかに感じる
0点: まったく感じない
<フライ食品の水素添加風味の持続性>
◎: 8時間以上持続
○: 5時間以上8時間未満持続
△: 2時間以上5時間未満持続
×: 2時間未満持続
結果を表5に示す。
実施例6で調製した酸化部分水素添加油脂を用いて、パン及びスープを作製し、その水素添加風味を評価した。比較のため、比較例6で調製した部分水素添加油脂を用いた試験も同様に行った。
まず、表6に示す組成の材料を、市販の家庭用自動パン焼き器に投入して生地を作製した。
市販の粉末スープ(製品名 オニオンコンソメ、クノール食品(株)製)に、(1)で作製した油脂組成物をスープに対して1重量%になるように添加して、湯を注いだ。
<パン及び粉末スープの水素添加風味>
6点: 非常に強く感じる
5点: 強く感じる
4点: やや強く感じる
3点: 明確に感じる
2点: 少し感じる
1点: わずかに感じる
0点: まったく感じない
結果を表7に示す。
実施例6で調製した酸化部分水素添加油脂を、表8に示す各種のベース油に各種割合で添加することにより油脂組成物を作製した。得られた油脂組成物の評価を実施例1と同様の手順で行った。結果を表8に示す。
部分水素添加油脂の酸化方法を変えて、本発明の酸価部分水素添加油脂とそれを含む油脂組成物を調製し、加熱時の物性を評価した。
1.酸化部分水素添加油脂の調製
実施例1の酸化処理を、空気を吹き込まずに180℃で10時間加熱する以外は、実施例1と同様の手順を行って、過酸化物価が10meq/kgの酸化部分水素添加油脂を調製した。
得られた酸化部分水素添加油脂を、パーム分別軟質油(ヨウ素価67、(株)J-オイルミルズ製)に1重量%添加することにより、油脂組成物を調製した。得られた油脂組成物の評価を実施例1と同様の手順で行った。結果を表9に示す。
Claims (14)
- 全構成脂肪酸中のC18:2トランス型異性体含量が10~60重量%であり、かつ、過酸化物価が8~350meq/kgである酸化部分水素添加油脂。
- 全構成脂肪酸中のC18:1トランス型異性体含量に対するC18:2トランス型異性体含量の重量比が0.3~1.8である、請求項1に記載の酸化部分水素添加油脂。
- 前記酸化部分水素添加油脂は、油脂を部分水素添加し、得られた部分水素添加油脂を酸化処理して得られたものである、請求項1に記載の酸化部分水素添加油脂。
- 前記部分水素添加油脂の全構成脂肪酸中のリノール酸含量とα-リノレン酸含量との合計が、10重量%以下である、請求項3に記載の酸化部分水素添加油脂。
- 前記油脂は、全構成脂肪酸中にα-リノレン酸を10重量%以上含む食用植物油脂である、請求項3に記載の酸化部分水素添加油脂。
- 請求項1に記載の酸化部分水素添加油脂を含有する油脂組成物。
- 前記酸化部分水素添加油脂を0.01~10重量%含有する、請求項6に記載の油脂組成物。
- 請求項6に記載の油脂組成物を含有する食品。
- 請求項6に記載の油脂組成物で調理した食品。
- 油脂を全構成脂肪酸中のC18:2トランス型異性体含量が10~60重量%になるまで部分水素添加する工程、及び油脂を過酸化物価が8~350meq/kgになるまで酸化処理する工程を含む、全構成脂肪酸中のC18:2トランス型異性体含量が10~60重量%であり、かつ、過酸化物価が8~350meq/kgである酸化部分水素添加油脂の製造方法。
- 油脂を全構成脂肪酸中のC18:2トランス型異性体含量が10~60重量%になるまで部分水素添加する工程、及び得られた部分水素添加油脂を過酸化物価が8~350meq/kgになるまで酸化処理する工程を含む、請求項10に記載の酸化部分水素添加油脂の製造方法。
- 前記部分水素添加油脂を50~200℃で加熱することを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の酸化部分水素添加油脂の製造方法。
- 前記部分水素添加油脂の全構成脂肪酸中のリノール酸含量とα-リノレン酸含量との合計が、10重量%以下である、請求項11に記載の酸化部分水素添加油脂の製造方法。
- 前記油脂は、全構成脂肪酸中にα-リノレン酸を10重量%以上含む食用植物油脂である、請求項11に記載の酸化部分水素添加油脂の製造方法。
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JP2014236672A (ja) * | 2013-06-06 | 2014-12-18 | 株式会社Adeka | 硬化風味油脂 |
WO2021138142A1 (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2021-07-08 | Cargill, Incorporated | A non-dairy creamer and method of making the same |
WO2023137483A1 (en) | 2022-01-17 | 2023-07-20 | Cargill, Incorporated | A non-dairy creamer composition comprising lauric triglyceride and a method for preparing the same |
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AU2012298025A1 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
RU2598076C2 (ru) | 2016-09-20 |
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NZ619877A (en) | 2016-02-26 |
CN103748200B (zh) | 2015-07-01 |
RU2014111282A (ru) | 2015-09-27 |
US20150230490A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
SG2014010045A (en) | 2014-08-28 |
KR101905226B1 (ko) | 2018-10-05 |
MY168419A (en) | 2018-11-09 |
US9351502B2 (en) | 2016-05-31 |
CN103748200A (zh) | 2014-04-23 |
JPWO2013027439A1 (ja) | 2015-03-05 |
TW201309205A (zh) | 2013-03-01 |
TWI535381B (zh) | 2016-06-01 |
AU2012298025B2 (en) | 2015-09-17 |
HK1191969A1 (en) | 2014-08-08 |
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