WO2013015134A1 - 偏光素子及び偏光板 - Google Patents
偏光素子及び偏光板 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013015134A1 WO2013015134A1 PCT/JP2012/067892 JP2012067892W WO2013015134A1 WO 2013015134 A1 WO2013015134 A1 WO 2013015134A1 JP 2012067892 W JP2012067892 W JP 2012067892W WO 2013015134 A1 WO2013015134 A1 WO 2013015134A1
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- polarizing
- film
- dichroic dye
- wavelength region
- polarizing plate
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
- G02B5/3041—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks
- G02B5/305—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks including organic materials, e.g. polymeric layers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B2207/00—Coding scheme for general features or characteristics of optical elements and systems of subclass G02B, but not including elements and systems which would be classified in G02B6/00 and subgroups
- G02B2207/113—Fluorescence
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polarizing element and a polarizing plate using the polarizing element.
- a polarizing element is generally produced by adsorbing and orienting an iodine complex or a dichroic dye, which is a dichroic dye, on a polyvinyl alcohol resin film.
- a protective film made of triacetyl cellulose or the like is bonded to at least one surface of the polarizing element via an adhesive layer to obtain a polarizing plate. Since the polarizing plate has a light transmission / shielding function, it becomes a basic component of a display device such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) together with a liquid crystal having a light switching function.
- LCD liquid crystal display
- LCDs are also wide-ranging from small devices such as calculators and watches in the early days to notebook computers, word processors, liquid crystal projectors, liquid crystal televisions, car navigation systems, mobile phones, and indoor and outdoor measuring devices. Used in a wide range of conditions: high temperature, low humidity to high humidity, low light to high light. Therefore, there is a demand for polarizing plates that have high polarization performance and excellent durability.
- a polarizing plate using an iodine complex as a dichroic dye is called an iodine polarizing plate
- a polarizing plate using a dichroic dye as a dichroic dye is called a dye polarizing plate.
- iodine-based polarizing plates are often used because of their excellent optical properties.
- the dye-based polarizing plate has a problem that the transmittance is low compared to a polarizing plate having the same degree of polarization as that of the iodine-based polarizing plate, that is, the contrast is low, but it has high heat resistance and high humidity heat durability. Because of its characteristics, it is used in color liquid crystal projectors (Patent Document 1).
- LCDFLs and other LCDs use CCFLs and high-pressure mercury lamps as light sources.
- LEDs light-emitting diodes
- Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 have become widespread, and white LEDs are widely used.
- a polarizing plate using these light sources a general neutral gray iodine polarizing plate which is already known is used.
- the iodine polarizing plate has a feature of high contrast in a wide wavelength region, and is useful for CCFLs, high-pressure mercury lamps, white LEDs, and the like.
- the role of the liquid crystal panel composed of the polarizing plate and the liquid crystal is not only the function of switching light that transmits and blocks light, but also has the function of displaying an image by having a color filter in the liquid crystal panel.
- the viewing angle is narrow.
- liquid crystal such as VA type (vertical alignment type), TN type (twisted nematic type), IPS (in-plane switching type), although there are differences in the degree of viewing angle. Both methods have the problem of narrow viewing angle.
- optical compensation films such as PC (polycarbonate) film, COP (cycloolefin) film, and TAC (triacetyl cellulose) film coated with dicotic liquid crystal oriented in a specific direction are widely used. It is used.
- a blue light emitting diode is used as a backlight, and instead of a color filter, a display provided with a phosphor that emits various colored lights when excited by blue light is known ( Hereinafter, it is referred to as a fluorescence excitation color conversion display).
- a fluorescence excitation color conversion display For example, it is disclosed in Patent Document 4.
- This type of phosphor-excited color conversion type liquid crystal display device converts the wavelength of light emitted from a backlight with a phosphor and performs desired color display using the obtained fluorescence.
- this liquid crystal display device has a feature that light use efficiency is high because there is no light absorption loss by the color filter.
- a blue light source is used in order to increase the luminous efficiency of the phosphor.
- a blue LED or a blue fluorescent tube having a maximum light emission output of 440 nm to 470 nm is used.
- the in-screen contrast needs to be 50 or more over all images and all viewing angles. More preferably, the in-screen contrast needs to be 100 or more.
- “Intra-screen contrast” is the ratio of the brightness of the brightest pixel to the darkest pixel in a state where one image is displayed.
- panel contrast that is generally used is the ratio between the luminance when displaying all white and the luminance when displaying all black.
- contrast in the screen is recommended to be 50 or more, more preferably 100 or more (Non-Patent Document 1).
- the required in-screen contrast changes depending on the ambient illuminance for viewing the flat panel display. That is, the brighter the peripheral illuminance, the smaller the required in-screen contrast, and the darker the peripheral illuminance, the greater the required in-screen contrast.
- Table 1 shows the required in-screen contrast value when the ambient illuminance is changed from 0 to 500 lux.
- the average signal level ASL (Average Signal Level) or average luminance level ALL (Average Luminance Level) of general television broadcasting is about ASL 40%, ALL 20%, the range is about ASL 20-60%, ALL 5 There are reports of about 40%.
- the viewing distance is 3H (three times the distance when the TV screen height is H) under an ordinary living environment of illuminance 180lux.
- the most preferable maximum luminance for a television is 240 cd / m 2 (Non-patent Document 2).
- the ambient illuminance of a general living room is set to 180 lux, since the in-screen contrast is 50 or more in the living room, from Table 1, the in-screen contrast must be 200 or more in the dark room. Recognize.
- the condition that the in-screen contrast is the smallest is when the entire screen displays a dark image.
- the brightness of the brightest pixel in the screen is said to be about 5% of the maximum brightness (Non-Patent Document 3). If the maximum brightness of the display of 240cd / m 2, the luminance of the brightest pixel in the screen is about 12 cd / m 2. Under this condition, in order for the in-screen contrast to be 200 or more, it is necessary to suppress the luminance of the darkest pixel in the screen to about 0.06 cd / m 2 or less.
- a panel contrast of 4,000 is required.
- the panel contrast represents the ratio of the transmittance at the time of light transmission (parallel Nicol) and the transmittance at the time of light blocking (cross Nicol) when the liquid crystal panel is sandwiched between a pair of polarizing plates.
- Table 2 shows the relationship among in-screen contrast, panel contrast, and polarizing plate contrast in the fluorescence excitation color conversion display.
- the polarizing plate contrast in Table 2 is the light energy transmittance Ep in the light transmitting state (on state / polarizing plate parallel Nicol) and the light in the light blocking state (off state / polarizing plate crossed Nicol).
- the ratio of energy transmittance Ec is represented.
- the light energy transmittance Ep indicates the energy of the amount of light (blue light) incident on the phosphor layer unit area in a predetermined wavelength range in the light transmission state.
- Light Energy Transmittance Ec in the Blocking State Ec The energy of the amount of light (blue light) incident on the phosphor layer unit area in a predetermined wavelength range in the light blocking state.
- the luminance of the display device is the spectral emission of light after being emitted by the phosphor. It is known that the spectral radiance of the light emitted from the phosphor is proportional to the incident energy of the blue light that excites the phosphor, although it is determined by a value obtained by multiplying the luminance by the visibility. Further, the effect of depolarization due to transmission through the liquid crystal panel also occurs in blue light.
- the polarizing plate contrast (Ep / Ec) due to the energy transmittance required for the pair of polarizing plates can be considered equivalent to the polarizing plate contrast (Tp / Tc) due to the spectral transmittance.
- Tp is the spectral transmittance (transmission at the time of parallel Nicols) when two polarizing elements are stacked in parallel with each other
- Tc is the two polarizing elements orthogonal to each absorption axis. Is the spectral transmittance (transmittance during crossed Nicols).
- the emission wavelength of the phosphor depends on the energy band structure exhibited by the phosphor material, it is necessary to estimate the total energy of the light that excites the phosphor, rather than focusing on the intensity of the excitation light at a specific wavelength. It is.
- the polarizing plate contrast (Ep / Ec) by light energy transmittance is set to 6,000, especially between arbitrary wavelengths in the maximum light emission output region of the backlight
- the polarizing plate contrast by spectral transmittance ( Tp / Tc) needs to be higher than 6,000, and preferably the contrast (Tp / Tc) is 8,000.
- the contrast (Ep / Ec) due to the light energy transmittance higher it is also necessary to make the polarizing plate contrast (Tp / Tc) due to the spectral transmittance higher.
- the contrast within the screen is ⁇ 100 under 300 lux.
- the in-screen contrast in the dark room ⁇ 350, the polarizing plate contrast by the energy transmittance ⁇ 15,000, and the polarizing plate contrast by the spectral transmittance is particularly in the maximum light emission output region of the backlight. Between arbitrary wavelengths, a contrast of 20,000 or more is required.
- the conventional liquid crystal display device shows a luminance distribution that largely reflects the directivity of the backlight, but the fluorescence excitation color conversion display method uses isotropic light emission by a phosphor, and thus has a wide viewing angle. It is.
- the surface brightness is reduced due to the low directivity. It is said that when the full width at half maximum is changed from 30 degrees to 45 degrees at full width at half maximum, the front luminance is reduced to approximately half.
- General television and video image signals are usually expressed using 16 to 235 gradations out of 0 to 255 gradations that can be expressed in 8 bits.
- the luminance expansion mode called the super white mode
- up to 255 gradations can be used.
- the luminance when displaying 255 gradations in the super white mode is about 1.2 times when gamma 2.2 is set. 487 cd / m 2 is obtained.
- Table 3 shows a comparison between the total white luminance and the maximum display luminance in the super white mode.
- the most preferable luminance is 240 cd / m 2 when the value of the light energy transmittance Ep in the light transmission state (parallel Nicol) of the polarizing plate is 30% or more. Recognize. In order to obtain Ep of 30% or more, the transmittance Tp at the time of parallel Nicol in the spectral transmittance must be 30% or more.
- a well-known general neutral gray iodine polarizing plate has a high contrast in a wide wavelength range, but in a blue light source region having a maximum light emission output of 440 nm to 470 nm used for a fluorescence excitation color conversion display, light leakage is large. Sufficient contrast cannot be obtained and the brightness is insufficient.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a polarizing element and a polarizing plate suitable for the display, which have high contrast, little light leakage, and high transmittance when transmitting light.
- the present inventors have found that at least a dichroic dye is contained, and in the wavelength region of 440 nm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 470 nm, the polarization has a high contrast and a high transmittance during light transmission. It discovered that an element and a polarizing plate solved the said subject, and reached
- the present invention is (1) in the wavelength region of 440 nm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 470 nm, Tp ⁇ 30%, and CR ⁇ 8,000 in the wavelength region between any continuous 20 nm in the wavelength region, and CR in the remaining wavelength region.
- Tp is a spectral transmittance (transmittance at the time of parallel Nicols) when two polarizing elements are overlapped in parallel with each other
- Tc is two polarizing elements.
- Is a spectral transmittance (transmission at the time of crossed Nicols) when the absorption axes are overlapped at right angles
- CR is an abbreviation of contrast and indicates a value consisting of Tp / Tc.
- the dichroic dye contains at least one kind of dichroic dye (A) group and / or the dichroic dye (B) represented by the formula (1) (1) to (3) The polarizing element according to any one of the above.
- Dichroic dye (A) group Eye. direct. Orange 26 Sea. Eye. direct. Orange 39 Sea. Eye. direct.
- Tc ( ⁇ 460) is the spectral transmittance at 460 nm when two polarizing elements are stacked with their absorption axes orthogonal to each other (in crossed Nicols), and Tc ( ⁇ 600) absorbs the two polarizing elements respectively. It is the spectral transmittance at 600 nm when the axes are stacked orthogonally (cross Nicol).
- a support film is provided on at least one surface of the polarizing element.
- the polarizing plate according to (7), wherein at least one surface of the support film is a PET (polyester) film.
- the polarizing element of the present invention and a polarizing plate using the polarizing element have high polarization performance in a wavelength region of 440 nm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 470 nm, and a fluorescence excitation color conversion display using a blue LED or a blue fluorescent tube having a wavelength of 440 nm to 470 nm as a light source
- the polarizing plate suitable for can be provided.
- the polarizing element of the present invention has Tp ⁇ 30% in the wavelength region of 440 nm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 470 nm, and CR ⁇ 8,000 in the wavelength region between any continuous 20 nm in the wavelength region, and CR in the remaining wavelength region. ⁇ 5,000.
- CR ⁇ 8,000 in any continuous wavelength region between 20 nm and CR ⁇ 5,000 in the remaining wavelength region. It is necessary that CR ⁇ 8,000 in any wavelength region between 20 nm and CR ⁇ 5,000 in the remaining wavelength region.
- the contrast value can be increased by decreasing the single plate transmittance of the polarizing element, but in this case, the Tp value is also decreased and sufficient brightness cannot be obtained.
- Tp ⁇ 30% sufficient brightness tends not to be obtained, and when Tp ⁇ 30%, light utilization efficiency is excellent, and power consumption can be reduced.
- Tp ⁇ 31% is preferable, and Tp ⁇ 32% is more preferable.
- the polarizing element of the present invention preferably satisfies Tp ⁇ 30% and CR ⁇ 1,500 in the wavelength region of 420 nm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 440 nm. It is preferable to control the weak light emission of the blue LED or blue fluorescent tube having a maximum light emission output of 440 nm to 470 nm on the short wavelength side. In the display of the display, the contrast is lowered when CR ⁇ 1,500 in the wavelength region.
- CR ⁇ 1,500 more preferably CR ⁇ 3,000, and still more preferably CR ⁇ 5,000.
- Tp ⁇ 30% Similarly to the wavelength region of 440 nm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 470 nm, sufficient brightness tends not to be obtained when Tp ⁇ 30%, and light utilization efficiency is excellent when Tp ⁇ 30%. Can be reduced. Tp ⁇ 31% is preferable, and Tp ⁇ 32% is more preferable.
- the polarizing element of the present invention preferably satisfies Tp ⁇ 30% and CR ⁇ 1,000 in the wavelength region of 470 nm ⁇ ⁇ 490 nm. It is preferable to control the weak light emission of the blue LED or blue fluorescent tube having a maximum light emission output of 440 nm to 470 nm on the longer wavelength side. In the display of the display, the contrast decreases when CR ⁇ 1,000 in the wavelength region.
- Tp ⁇ 30% Similarly to the wavelength region of 440 nm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 470 nm, sufficient brightness tends not to be obtained when Tp ⁇ 30%, and light utilization efficiency is excellent when Tp ⁇ 30%. Can be reduced. Tp ⁇ 31% is preferable, and Tp ⁇ 32% is more preferable.
- the polarizing element of the present invention contains at least a dichroic dye.
- the dichroic dye include iodine complexes and dichroic dyes.
- the dichroic dye (A) group is a dye exhibiting high dichroism, and is characterized in that the wavelength ( ⁇ max) showing the maximum contrast value is 420 nm ⁇ ⁇ max ⁇ 460 nm. Above all, sea. Ai. direct. More preferably, orange 39 is used.
- the dichroic dye (B) represented by the formula (1) is a dye exhibiting high dichroism and is characterized in that the wavelength ( ⁇ max) showing the maximum contrast value is 450 nm ⁇ ⁇ max ⁇ 470 nm.
- R 1 and R 2 are preferably hydrogen atoms.
- the dichroic dye (B) represented by the formula (1) can be synthesized by the method described in WO2007 / 138980.
- At least one kind of dichroic dye (A) group and dichroic dye (B) are used in combination.
- polarizing elements obtained by using different dichroic dyes in combination tend to be lower than the optical characteristics of polarizing elements obtained by using each dichroic dye alone.
- the combination of at least one of the dichroic dyes (A) and the dichroic dye (B) in FIG. 2 does not impair the respective characteristics, and as a result, the characteristics of ⁇ max are improved and high characteristics are obtained in a wide band. It can be expressed.
- ⁇ max of the obtained polarizing element is 440 nm ⁇ ⁇ max ⁇ 470 nm, compared with the polarizing element obtained by using the dichroic dye (A) group or the dichroic dye (B),
- a higher contrast value can be obtained, and in the case of an equivalent contrast value, a higher Tp value can be obtained. Further, a high contrast value can be obtained in a wider wavelength region.
- the mixing ratio of the dichroic dye (A) group and the dichroic dye (B) when the dichroic dye (A) group is used in combination with at least one kind and the dichroic dye (B) is particularly limited.
- the dichroic dye (B) is usually 25 to 400 parts by weight, preferably 100 parts by weight of the dichroic dye (A) group, based on 100 parts by weight of the dichroic dye (A) group.
- the amount of the dichroic dye (B) is 50 to 200 parts by weight.
- a film in which a polyvinyl alcohol film formed by adsorbing a dichroic dye is oriented is a dichroic dye.
- a film or element in which a chromatic dye is mixed with a liquid crystalline resin, applied to a base film and oriented by sharing, a film in which a dichroic dye is dyed and oriented on a film stretched and oriented in at least one axial direction examples thereof include a film in which a chromatic dye is mixed with a resin such as plastic and stretched and oriented in at least one axial direction.
- it is a film in which a polyvinyl alcohol film formed by adsorbing a dichroic dye is oriented, and the highest contrast value can be
- the method for producing the polyvinyl alcohol resin constituting the polarizing element is not particularly limited, and can be produced by a known method.
- the polyvinyl alcohol resin can be obtained by saponifying a polyvinyl acetate resin.
- the polyvinyl acetate-based resin include polyvinyl acetate, which is a homopolymer of vinyl acetate, and copolymers of vinyl acetate and other monomers copolymerizable therewith.
- Examples of other monomers copolymerized with vinyl acetate include unsaturated carboxylic acids, olefins, vinyl ethers, and unsaturated sulfonic acids.
- the saponification degree of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is usually preferably from 85 to 100 mol%, more preferably 95 mol% or more.
- This polyvinyl alcohol-based resin may be further modified, and for example, polyvinyl formal or polyvinyl acetal modified with aldehydes may be used.
- the degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol resin is usually preferably from 1,000 to 10,000, and more preferably from 1,500 to 7,000.
- a film made of such a polyvinyl alcohol resin is used as a raw film.
- the method for forming a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is not particularly limited, and can be formed by a known method.
- the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film can contain glycerin, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, low molecular weight polyethylene glycol, or the like as a plasticizer.
- the amount of plasticizer is preferably 5 to 20% by weight, more preferably 8 to 15% by weight.
- the thickness of the raw film made of polyvinyl alcohol resin is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 to 150 ⁇ m, and more preferably 10 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the polyvinyl alcohol resin film is first subjected to a swelling process.
- the swelling step is performed by immersing the polyvinyl alcohol resin film in a solution at 20 to 50 ° C. for 30 seconds to 10 minutes.
- the solvent is preferably water.
- the dyeing process is performed after the swelling process.
- the dyeing step is performed by immersing the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film in a solution containing a dichroic dye.
- the solution temperature in this step is preferably 5 to 60 ° C, more preferably 20 to 50 ° C, and particularly preferably 35 to 50 ° C.
- the time for dipping in the solution can be adjusted moderately, but is preferably adjusted from 30 seconds to 20 minutes, more preferably from 1 to 10 minutes.
- the dyeing method is preferably immersed in the solution, but can also be performed by applying the solution to a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film.
- the solution containing the dichroic dye can contain sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, anhydrous sodium sulfate, sodium tripolyphosphate and the like as a dyeing assistant.
- Their content can be adjusted at any concentration depending on the time and temperature depending on the dyeability of the dye, but the respective content is preferably 0 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight.
- the washing step 1 is a step of washing the dye solvent adhering to the surface of the polyvinyl alcohol resin film in the dyeing step. By performing the washing step 1, it is possible to suppress the migration of the dye into the liquid to be processed next.
- water is generally used.
- the washing method is preferably immersed in the solution, but can be washed by applying the solution to a polyvinyl alcohol resin film.
- the washing time is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 300 seconds, more preferably 1 to 60 seconds.
- the temperature of the solvent in the washing step 1 needs to be a temperature at which the hydrophilic polymer does not dissolve. Generally, it is washed at 5 to 40 ° C.
- a step of adding a crosslinking agent and / or a water resistance agent can be performed.
- the crosslinking agent include boron compounds such as boric acid, borax or ammonium borate, polyvalent aldehydes such as glyoxal or glutaraldehyde, polyisocyanate compounds such as biuret type, isocyanurate type or block type, titanium oxy Titanium compounds such as sulfate can be used, but ethylene glycol glycidyl ether, polyamide epichlorohydrin, and the like can also be used.
- water-resistant agent examples include succinic peroxide, ammonium persulfate, calcium perchlorate, benzoin ethyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, glycerin diglycidyl ether, ammonium chloride or magnesium chloride, preferably boric acid.
- succinic peroxide ammonium persulfate
- calcium perchlorate benzoin ethyl ether
- ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether glycerin diglycidyl ether
- ammonium chloride or magnesium chloride preferably boric acid.
- the step of containing a crosslinking agent and / or a water-resistant agent is performed using at least one kind of crosslinking agent and / or a water-resistant agent shown above.
- water is preferable, but it is not limited.
- the concentration of the cross-linking agent and / or the water-proofing agent in the solvent in the step of adding the cross-linking agent and / or the water-proofing agent is 0.1 to 6.0 when boric acid is used as an example. % By weight is preferable, and 1.0 to 4.0% by weight is more preferable.
- the solvent temperature in this step is preferably 5 to 70 ° C, more preferably 5 to 50 ° C. Although it is preferable to immerse the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film in the solution with a crosslinking agent and / or a waterproofing agent, the solution may be applied to or applied to the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film.
- the treatment time in this step is preferably 30 seconds to 6 minutes, more preferably 1 to 5 minutes.
- this processing step may be omitted if a cross-linking treatment or a water-resistant treatment is unnecessary. .
- the stretching step is a step of stretching the polyvinyl alcohol film uniaxially.
- the stretching method may be either a wet stretching method or a dry stretching method.
- the stretching heating medium is an air medium
- the temperature of the air medium is preferably stretched at a room temperature to 180 ° C.
- the treatment is preferably performed in an atmosphere of 20 to 95% RH.
- the heating method include an inter-roll zone stretching method, a roll heating stretching method, a pressure stretching method, an infrared heating stretching method, and the like, but the stretching method is not limited.
- the stretching step can be performed in one step, but can also be performed by two or more multi-step stretching.
- stretching is performed in water, a water-soluble organic solvent, or a mixed solution thereof. It is preferable to perform the stretching treatment while being immersed in a solution containing a crosslinking agent and / or a water resistance agent.
- a crosslinking agent include boron compounds such as boric acid, borax or ammonium borate, polyvalent aldehydes such as glyoxal or glutaraldehyde, polyisocyanate compounds such as biuret type, isocyanurate type or block type, titanium oxy Titanium compounds such as sulfate can be used, but ethylene glycol glycidyl ether, polyamide epichlorohydrin, and the like can also be used.
- water-proofing agents examples include succinic peroxide, ammonium persulfate, calcium perchlorate, benzoin ethyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, glycerin diglycidyl ether, ammonium chloride, and magnesium chloride.
- Stretching is performed in a solution containing at least one or more crosslinking agents and / or waterproofing agents as described above.
- the crosslinking agent is preferably boric acid.
- the concentration of the crosslinking agent and / or waterproofing agent in the stretching step is preferably, for example, 0.5 to 15% by weight, more preferably 2.0 to 8.0% by weight.
- the draw ratio is preferably 2 to 8 times, more preferably 5 to 7 times.
- the stretching temperature is preferably 40 to 60 ° C, more preferably 45 to 58 ° C.
- the stretching time is usually from 30 seconds to 20 minutes, more preferably from 2 to 5 minutes.
- the wet stretching step can be performed in one step, but can also be performed by two or more steps.
- the film surface may be subjected to a cleaning step (hereinafter referred to as a cleaning step 2) because the cross-linking agent and / or waterproofing agent may precipitate or foreign matter may adhere to the film surface.
- a cleaning step 2 a cleaning step
- the washing time is preferably 1 second to 5 minutes.
- the washing method is preferably immersed in a washing solution, but the solution can be washed on the polyvinyl alcohol resin film by coating or coating.
- the cleaning process can be performed in one stage, and the multi-stage process of two or more stages can be performed.
- the solution temperature in the washing step is not particularly limited, but is usually 5 to 50 ° C., preferably 10 to 40 ° C.
- the solvent used in the treatment steps so far, for example, water, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropyl alcohol, glycerin, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol or triethylene glycol
- the solvent include, but are not limited to, alcohols such as methylolpropane, and amines such as ethylenediamine or diethylenetriamine. A mixture of one or more of these solvents can also be used.
- the most preferred solvent is water.
- a film drying process is performed.
- the drying process can be performed by natural drying, but in order to further improve the drying efficiency, the surface can be removed by compression with a roll, an air knife, a water absorption roll, etc., and / or blow drying is performed. You can also.
- the drying treatment temperature is preferably 20 to 100 ° C., more preferably 60 to 100 ° C.
- a drying treatment time of 30 seconds to 20 minutes can be applied, but 5 to 10 minutes is preferable.
- the polarizer of the present invention preferably has a transmittance of 2% or less in a wavelength region of 500 nm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 560 nm. More preferably, the transmittance is 1% or less in a wavelength region of 540 nm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 550 nm.
- a blue LED or blue fluorescent tube having a maximum light emission output of 440 nm to 470 nm may be accompanied by slight light emission around 550 nm. In this case, since slight light leakage occurs at the time of light shielding, it is preferable to control the light emission.
- the transmittance is preferably 2% or less, and more preferably 1% or less in the wavelength region of 540 nm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 550 nm.
- Tc ⁇ 2% is preferable in the wavelength region of 500 nm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 560 nm, and more preferably Tc ⁇ 1% in the wavelength region of 540 nm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 550 nm.
- a film obtained by orienting a polyvinyl alcohol film using a dichroic dye having a polarization characteristic in a wavelength region of 500 nm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 560 nm, and a dichroic dye A film or element oriented by applying to a base film subjected to rubbing treatment, and a film or element oriented by applying to a base film subjected to rubbing treatment by mixing a dichroic dye with a liquid crystalline resin, A film or element in which a dichroic dye is mixed with a liquid crystalline resin, applied to a substrate film and oriented by sharing, a film in which a dichroic dye is dyed and oriented in a film oriented at least in one axial direction, A dichroic dye is mixed with a resin such as plastic and is oriented at least in one axial direction, and a wave of 500 nm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 560 nm.
- Examples include a method of bonding a film having a performance of a transmittance of 2% or less in a wavelength region of 500 nm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 560 nm to a polarizing plate having no polarization characteristics in the long region.
- a film obtained by orienting a polyvinyl alcohol film formed by adsorbing a dichroic dye is preferable, and Tp in a wavelength region of 420 nm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 490 nm is not impaired.
- the dichroic dye is not particularly limited.
- Ai. direct. Red 79, Sea. Ai. direct. Red 81, Sea. Ai. direct. Violet 9, C. Ai. direct. Violet 35, C.I. Ai. direct. Violet 57, C.I. Ai. direct. Blue 67 etc. are mentioned. These are used in combination with the dichroic dye (A) group and / or the dichroic dye (B), but are not limited to one type of combination and may be used in combination.
- the amount of these dichroic dyes is not particularly limited, but is usually 25 to 300 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the dichroic dyes (A) and / or dichroic dyes (B). It is.
- the dichroic dye of the present invention may use other dichroic dyes as long as the polarization characteristics are not impaired.
- a dichroic dye is not particularly limited. Ai. direct. Yellow 12, sea. Ai. direct. Yellow 28, Sea. Ai. direct. Yellow 44 etc. are mentioned.
- Other than these dichroic dyes other organic dyes can be used in combination as required.
- the blending ratio is not particularly limited.
- the polarizing element using the dichroic dye thus obtained is suitable as a polarizing element used in the display.
- Tc ( ⁇ 460) ⁇ Tc ( ⁇ 600) is preferable, and Tc ( ⁇ 460) ⁇ Tc ( ⁇ 600) is more preferable.
- a polarizing plate using a known iodine complex usually has Tc ( ⁇ 460)> Tc ( ⁇ 600), and a high contrast value cannot be obtained in a wavelength range of 500 nm or less.
- Tp ⁇ 30% although it is possible to obtain a high contrast value by increasing the density, Tp ⁇ 30%, and sufficient brightness cannot be obtained.
- a polarizing plate using an iodine complex is not suitable as a polarizing plate used for the display. Therefore, when an iodine complex is used, it is preferable that Tc ( ⁇ 460) ⁇ Tc ( ⁇ 600).
- the method for producing a polarizing element using an iodine complex and Tc ( ⁇ 460) ⁇ Tc ( ⁇ 600) is not limited.
- a polyvinyl alcohol film on which an iodine complex is adsorbed is oriented. A film is mentioned.
- the method for producing the polyvinyl alcohol resin constituting the polarizing element and the method for forming the polyvinyl alcohol resin are the same as those described in the case of using a dichroic dye.
- the degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol resin is usually preferably from 1,000 to 10,000, and more preferably from 1,500 to 5,000.
- the polyvinyl alcohol resin film is first subjected to a swelling process.
- the swelling step is the same as the method described in the case of using a dichroic dye.
- the dyeing process is performed after the swelling process.
- the polyvinyl alcohol resin film is treated with a solution containing iodine and iodide.
- the solvent of the solution is preferably water, but is not particularly limited.
- the iodide include, but are not limited to, an alkali metal iodide compound such as potassium iodide, ammonium iodide, cobalt iodide, or zinc iodide. Is preferably used, and potassium iodide is more preferably used.
- the iodine concentration is preferably 0.0001 to 0.5% by weight, and more preferably 0.001 to 0.4% by weight.
- the concentration of iodide is preferably 0.001 to 8% by weight.
- the solution temperature in this step is preferably 5 to 50 ° C., more preferably 10 to 40 ° C., and particularly preferably 20 to 30 ° C.
- the time for dipping in the solution can be adjusted moderately, but is preferably adjusted from 30 seconds to 6 minutes, more preferably from 1 to 5 minutes.
- the dyeing method is preferably immersed in the solution, but can also be performed by applying or coating the solution on a polyvinyl alcohol resin film.
- a crosslinking agent and / or a water-resistant agent may be added to the solution.
- a crosslinking agent is used.
- boric acid is preferable.
- the concentration of boric acid added is preferably 0.1 to 5.0% by weight, more preferably 2.0 to 4.0% by weight.
- iodine, iodide, a crosslinking agent and / or a water resistance agent need not necessarily be included in the polyvinyl alcohol resin film. It is also included when it is contained in the film in a reacted form.
- the crosslinking agent treatment step can be performed simultaneously with the dyeing step, but it is more preferable to perform the crosslinking agent treatment step after the dyeing step.
- the treatment method at that time is performed by treating the film obtained in the dyeing step with a solution containing a crosslinking agent.
- the treatment method with the crosslinking agent-containing solution is usually preferably a method of immersing a dyed film in the solution, but may be a method of applying or coating the solution on the film. The dipping can be performed before the stretching step or can be performed together with the stretching step.
- the stretching method is a dry stretching method
- it is preferable to perform a crosslinking agent treatment before stretching and when the stretching method is a wet stretching method, it is preferably performed together with the stretching treatment.
- the crosslinking agent is the same as that described in the dichroic dye crosslinking agent treatment step. Moreover, you may make a water-resistant agent coexist in this crosslinking agent containing solution.
- the water-proofing agent is the same as that described in the water-proofing agent treatment step for the dichroic dye.
- the concentration of the crosslinking agent in the solvent is preferably 0.1 to 6.0% by weight, more preferably 1.0 to 4.0% by weight with respect to the solvent when boric acid is taken as an example.
- the solvent temperature when performing before the stretching step in this step is preferably 5 to 60 ° C., more preferably 5 to 40 ° C. when performing before stretching, and more preferably 45 to 58 ° C. when performing together with stretching.
- the treatment time in this step is preferably 30 seconds to 6 minutes, more preferably 1 to 5 minutes.
- the stretching step includes a dry stretching method and a wet stretching method.
- Examples of the stretching method are the same as those described in the stretching process of the dichroic dye.
- the treatment method is preferably a method of immersing the dyed film in the solution, and may be a method of applying or coating the solution on the film.
- the halide include alkali metal compounds such as potassium iodide and sodium iodide, iodides such as ammonium iodide, cobalt iodide and zinc iodide, alkali metal chloride compounds such as potassium chloride and sodium chloride, or It is preferably a chloride such as zinc chloride, and is preferably water-soluble.
- iodide More preferred is iodide, more preferred is an alkali metal iodide compound, and particularly preferred is potassium iodide.
- concentration of halide is an important factor such that Tc ( ⁇ 460) ⁇ Tc ( ⁇ 600), and the concentration varies depending on the type, but is usually preferably 6.0 to 15.0% by weight, and 7.0 to 12.2.
- the content is more preferably 0% by weight, and even more preferably 8.0 to 10.0% by weight.
- the treatment temperature varies depending on the halide concentration, but is preferably 5 to 55 ° C, more preferably 20 to 40 ° C, for example.
- the treatment time varies depending on the halide concentration, but is preferably 1 second to 5 minutes, for example, and preferably 5 to 30 seconds in view of the stability of the in-plane characteristics of the polarizing film.
- the stretching step is performed by a wet stretching method, it is possible to perform a halide treatment together with the stretching step, but it is preferable to perform the halide treatment after the stretching treatment in terms of quality stability.
- Examples of the solvent of the treatment solution in the treatment steps so far include water, an alcohol solvent, a glycol solvent, and the like, but are not particularly limited. Further, a mixed solvent of water and a water-soluble solvent may be used, such as a mixed solution of water and alcohol, a mixed solvent of dimethyl sulfoxide and water, or the like. Most preferred is water.
- the drying treatment method is the same as that described in the drying treatment method for the dichroic dye.
- the polarizing element using the iodine complex thus obtained is suitable as a polarizing element used in the display.
- the obtained polarizing element is made into a polarizing plate by providing a transparent protective layer as a support on one side or both sides.
- a transparent protective layer used for a polarizing element of a film in which a polyvinyl alcohol film is oriented can be provided as a coating layer made of a polymer or as a laminate layer of a film.
- the transparent protective layer used for the coating type polarizing element can be provided with the base material used for the coating substrate as it is as the transparent protective layer, or the protective layer can be provided by transferring the polarizing element to a film base material or the like. .
- the transparent protective layer is preferably a transparent polymer or film having high mechanical strength and good thermal stability.
- Substances used as the transparent protective layer include, for example, cellulose acetate resin such as triacetyl cellulose (TAC) and diacetyl cellulose or a film thereof, acrylic resin or a film thereof, polyvinyl chloride resin or a film thereof, polyester resin or a film thereof, poly Arylate resin or film thereof, cyclic polyolefin resin or film thereof using cyclic olefin such as norbornene as a monomer, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyolefin having cyclo or norbornene skeleton or copolymer thereof, main chain or side chain being imide and / or Alternatively, an amide resin or polymer or a film thereof may be used.
- TAC triacetyl cellulose
- diacetyl cellulose or a film thereof acrylic resin or a film thereof, polyvinyl chloride resin or a film thereof, polyester resin
- a resin having liquid crystallinity or a film thereof can be provided as the transparent protective layer.
- the thickness of the protective film is, for example, about 0.5 to 200 ⁇ m.
- a polarizing plate is produced by providing one or more layers of the same or different types of resins or films on one side or both sides.
- a PET film on at least one side as a material used as the transparent protective layer.
- a TAC film having high transparency and low birefringence is mainly used for the transparent protective layer.
- a retardation film which is a viewing angle compensation film, is directly used on one surface of the transparent protective layer.
- the role of the polarizing plate in the fluorescence excitation color conversion display in which the polarizing plate of the present invention is used is a light switching function, and it is not necessary to use the polarizing plate of the present invention as an image display surface.
- PET film that is inexpensive, has excellent mechanical properties, and has good workability.
- the PET film has a large birefringence, when used as a double-sided support, the transmittance tends to decrease. Therefore, it is preferably used on a single-sided support or one side of a double-sided support.
- positioning of PET film as a polarizing plate support body in a display apparatus it is preferable to arrange
- a PET film having an easy-adhesion layer is more preferred for the purpose of improving transmittance and improving adhesiveness.
- the easy-adhesion PET film is not particularly limited, and a commercially available product can be used. It is further preferable that the easy-adhesion layer is provided on both sides.
- At least one layer of a material having a refractive index lower than that of the transparent protective layer may be provided on the transparent protective layer to form a reduced reflection transparent protective layer.
- the material having a refractive index lower than that of the transparent protective layer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include organic materials such as acrylic resin and fluorine resin, and inorganic materials such as colloidal silica. Is also possible. Further, it may be a reaction system or a non-reaction system. These processing methods are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, and various coating methods. Moreover, it is also possible to laminate
- An adhesive is required to bond the transparent protective layer to the polarizing element.
- a polyvinyl alcohol-type adhesive agent is preferable.
- the polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive include, but are not limited to, Gohsenol NH-26 (manufactured by Nihon Gosei Co., Ltd.), EXEVAL RS-2117 (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.), and the like.
- a cross-linking agent and / or a waterproofing agent can be added to the adhesive.
- a maleic anhydride-isobutylene copolymer is used, but if necessary, an adhesive mixed with a crosslinking agent can be used.
- maleic anhydride-isobutylene copolymers for example, isoban # 18 (manufactured by Kuraray), isoban # 04 (manufactured by Kuraray), ammonia-modified isoban # 104 (manufactured by Kuraray), ammonia-modified isoban # 110 (manufactured by Kuraray) ), Imidized isoban # 304 (manufactured by Kuraray), imidized isoban # 310 (manufactured by Kuraray), and the like.
- a water-soluble polyvalent epoxy compound can be used as the crosslinking agent at that time.
- water-soluble polyvalent epoxy compound examples include Denacol EX-521 (manufactured by Nagase Chemtech) and Tetrat-C (manufactured by Mitsui Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.).
- adhesives other than polyvinyl alcohol-type resin well-known adhesives, such as urethane type, an acrylic type, and an epoxy type, can also be used.
- additives such as zinc compounds, chlorides, iodides and the like can be simultaneously contained at a concentration of about 0.1 to 10% by weight. The additive is not limited. After laminating the transparent protective layer with an adhesive, the polarizing plate is obtained by drying or heat treatment at a suitable temperature.
- an adhesive may be used for bonding the transparent protective layer and the polarizing element.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive is not particularly limited, and a preferable example is an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- the thickness can be arbitrarily selected from the viewpoints of characteristics such as adhesive strength and transmittance, and overall thickness, but is usually in the range of 5 to 50 ⁇ m, preferably in the range of 10 to 30 ⁇ m. .
- the polarizing plate of the present invention may be a polarizing plate with a support.
- the support preferably has a flat portion, and since it is used for optical purposes, a glass molded product is preferable.
- the glass material include soda glass, borosilicate glass, inorganic substrate made of quartz, inorganic glass such as inorganic substrate made of sapphire, and organic plastic plates such as acrylic and polycarbonate. Glass is preferred.
- the glass plate may have a desired thickness and size.
- the polarizing plate with glass may be provided with a low reflection layer on the glass surface in order to further improve the single plate light transmittance.
- an adhesive, a pressure-sensitive adhesive, or the like is used for bonding the support to the polarizing element or the polarizing plate, but it is not particularly limited, and a preferable example is an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- the thickness can be arbitrarily selected from the viewpoints of characteristics such as adhesive strength and transmittance, and overall thickness, but is usually in the range of 5 to 50 ⁇ m, preferably in the range of 10 to 30 ⁇ m. .
- the polarizing element and polarizing plate of the present invention thus obtained have a wavelength range of 440 nm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 470 nm, Tp ⁇ 30%, and CR ⁇ 8,000 in the wavelength region between any continuous 20 nm, and the remaining wavelength region CR ⁇ 5,000, and is suitable as a polarizing element and a polarizing plate used in a fluorescence excitation color conversion display using a blue LED or a blue fluorescent tube having a maximum light emission output of 440 nm to 470 nm as a light source.
- the parallel (parallel Nicol) spectral transmittance obtained by making the C light source light incident on the two polarizing plates of the present invention and making the absorption axis directions of the two polarizing plates parallel to each other is Tp, and the polarizing plate 2
- the orthogonal (cross Nicol) spectral transmittance obtained by measuring so that the absorption axis directions of the sheets were orthogonal was defined as Tc.
- Each transmittance was measured using a spectrophotometer [“V-7100” manufactured by JASCO Corporation].
- Example 1 A 75- ⁇ m-thick polyvinyl alcohol resin film (VF series manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) having a saponification degree of 99% or more was immersed in warm water at 40 ° C. for 3 minutes for swelling treatment.
- the film subjected to the swelling treatment was treated with a dichroic dye (A) group pigment, C.I. Eye. direct.
- Orange 39 was immersed in an aqueous solution at 45 ° C. containing 0.04% by weight, sodium tripolyphosphate 0.1% by weight and sodium sulfate 0.1% by weight, dyed, and adsorbed onto a polyvinyl alcohol film. .
- the film on which the dye was adsorbed was washed with water, and after washing, boric acid treatment was carried out for 1 minute with a 40 ° C. aqueous solution containing 2% by weight of boric acid.
- the film obtained by the boric acid treatment was treated for 5 minutes in an aqueous solution at 55 ° C. containing 3% by weight of boric acid while stretching 5.0 times. While maintaining the tension of the film obtained by the boric acid treatment, the film was treated with water at room temperature for 15 seconds.
- the film obtained by the treatment was immediately dried at 70 ° C. for 9 minutes to obtain a polarizing element having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m.
- a PET film (Cosmo Shine A4300 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) having a double-sided easy-adhesion layer, a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive, and an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m. It laminated
- Example 2 The dye to be adsorbed is a dye represented by the formula (1) which is a dichroic dye (B), wherein R 1 and R 2 are hydrogen atoms, and the ratio of n measured by HPLC is n
- a polarizing plate was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.02% by weight of red 81 was used, and used as a measurement sample.
- Example 5 A 75- ⁇ m-thick polyvinyl alcohol resin film (VF series manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) having a saponification degree of 99% or more was immersed in warm water at 40 ° C. for 3 minutes for swelling treatment.
- the swelling-treated film is immersed in an aqueous solution at 30 ° C. containing 2.8% by weight of boric acid, 0.044% by weight of iodine, and 3.13% by weight of potassium iodide, and is dyed and adsorbed onto a polyvinyl alcohol film. It was.
- the film dyed with the dye was stretched 5.0 times and treated in an aqueous solution at 50 ° C. containing 3.0% by weight of boric acid for 5 minutes.
- a complementary color treatment was performed for 20 seconds with a 30 ° C. aqueous solution containing 8.0% by weight of potassium iodide.
- the film obtained by the treatment was immediately dried at 70 ° C. for 9 minutes to obtain a polarizing element having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m.
- a PET film (Cosmo Shine A4300 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) having a double-sided easy-adhesion layer, a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive, and an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m. It laminated
- Comparative Example 1 A glass substrate with a thickness of 1 mm using an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m and an iodine-based polarizing plate, the transparent protective layer of which is a double-sided TAC film, taken from a commercially available liquid crystal television (AQUAOS / 32 type manufactured by Sharp Corporation). To obtain a measurement sample.
- AQUAOS / 32 type manufactured by Sharp Corporation a commercially available liquid crystal television
- Comparative Example 2 A polarizing plate was produced as a measurement sample in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the complementary color treatment was performed for 20 seconds with an aqueous solution containing 5.0% by weight of potassium iodide at 30 ° C.
- FIG. 1 shows Tp and FIG. 2 shows Tp of spectroscopic measurement values for each wavelength of 5 nm obtained by measuring the measurement samples obtained in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
- Table 4 shows Tp of each wavelength at 420 to 490 nm
- Table 5 shows contrast values
- Table 6 shows Tc of each wavelength at 500 to 560 nm.
- Table 7 shows values of Tc (460) and Tc (600) of Example 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 which are iodine-based polarizing plates.
- the polarizing plates using the dichroic dyes of Examples 1 to 4 have high Tp and high contrast in the wavelength region of 420 to 490 nm, particularly 440 to 470 nm. It can be seen that this is excellent in the wavelength region. Further, it can be seen from Table 6 that Tc is low in the wavelength region of 500 to 560 nm in Example 4. Among them, the polarizing plate using the dichroic dye (A) and the dichroic dye (B) of Examples 3 and 4 has a wide range of high contrast and is excellent in a wavelength region of 440 to 470 nm. Recognize.
- the iodine-based polarizing plate of Example 5 satisfies Tc (460) ⁇ Tc (600), which is inferior to the polarizing plate using the dichroic dyes of Examples 1 to 3, but 440 In the wavelength region of ⁇ 470 nm, Tp was high and contrast was high.
- Tc (460)> Tc (600) for the known ordinary iodine-based polarizing plates of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are shown in Tables 7 and 2 and Tables 4 to 5.
- Tp was low and the contrast was not sufficient.
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Abstract
Description
(1)440nm≦λ≦470nmの波長領域において、Tp≧30%、かつ当該波長領域内における任意の連続する20nm間の波長領域でCR≧8,000、残る波長領域でCR≧5,000であり、少なくとも2色性色素を含有することを特徴とする、最大発光出力が440nm乃至470nmである青色LEDまたは青色蛍光管を光源とする蛍光励起色変換ディスプレイに用いられる偏光素子。
ここで、λとは波長を表し、Tpとは偏光素子2枚をそれぞれの吸収軸を平行して重ねた時の分光透過率(パラレルニコル時透過率)であり、Tcとは偏光素子2枚をそれぞれの吸収軸を直交して重ねた時の分光透過率(クロスニコル時透過率)であり、CRとはコントラストの略でTp/Tcからなる値を示す。
(2)420nm≦λ<440nmの波長領域において、Tp≧30%かつCR≧1,500であることを特徴とする、(1)に記載の偏光素子。
(3)470nm<λ≦490nmの波長領域において、Tp≧30%かつCR≧1,000であることを特徴とする、(1)または(2)に記載の偏光素子。
(4)2色性色素が2色性染料(A)群のうち1種類、および/または式(1)で表される2色性染料(B)を少なくとも含有する(1)ないし(3)のいずれか1に記載の偏光素子。
2色性染料(A)群
シー.アイ.ダイレクト.オレンジ26
シー.アイ.ダイレクト.オレンジ39
シー.アイ.ダイレクト.オレンジ107
2色性染料(B)
(5)500nm≦λ≦560nmの波長領域において、透過率が2%以下であることを特徴とする、(1)ないし(4)のいずれか1に記載の偏光素子。
(6)2色性色素がヨウ素錯体であって、かつTc(λ460)≦Tc(λ600)であることを特徴とする(1)ないし(3)に記載の偏光素子。
ここでTc(λ460)は偏光素子2枚をそれぞれの吸収軸を直交して重ねた時(クロスニコル時)の460nmにおける分光透過率であり、Tc(λ600)は偏光素子2枚をそれぞれの吸収軸を直交して重ねた時(クロスニコル時)の600nmにおける分光透過率である。
(7)偏光素子の少なくとも片面に支持体フィルムを設けてなる(1)ないし(6)のいずれか1に記載の偏光板。
(8)支持体フィルムの少なくとも片面がPET(ポリエステル)フィルムである(7)に記載の偏光板。
(9)無機基板に(1)ないし(6)のいずれか1に記載の偏光素子または(7)又は(8)に記載の偏光板が積層されたことを特徴とする無機基板付偏光板。
に関する
2色性染料(A)群
シー.アイ.ダイレクト.オレンジ26
シー.アイ.ダイレクト.オレンジ39
シー.アイ.ダイレクト.オレンジ107
2色性染料(B)
式(1)中R1、R2は水素原子であることが好ましい。また、n=1~3の化合物からなる混合物であることが好ましく、その割合は、n=1とn=3の化合物の合計重量に対するn=2の化合物の重量の割合が55%以上であることが好ましく、より好ましくは65%以上、さらに好ましくは75%以上、もっとも好ましくは85%以上であることが好ましい。
また、式(1)で表される2色性染料(B)は、WO2007/138980に記載の方法により、合成することができる。
ケン化度が99%以上の膜厚75μmのポリビニルアルコール系樹脂フィルム(クラレ社製 VFシリーズ)を40℃の温水に3分浸漬し膨潤処理をした。膨潤処理したフィルムを、2色性染料(A)群の色素である、シー.アイ.ダイレクト.オレンジ39が0.04重量%、トリポリ燐酸ナトリウム0.1重量%、芒硝0.1重量%を含有した45℃の水溶液に浸漬し、色素の染色処理を行い、ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムへ吸着させた。色素が吸着されたフィルムを水にて洗浄し、洗浄の後、2重量%のホウ酸を含有した40℃の水溶液で1分間ホウ酸処理を行った。ホウ酸処理して得られたフィルムを、5.0倍に延伸しながらホウ酸3重量%を含有した55℃の水溶液中で5分間処理を行った。そのホウ酸処理して得られたフィルムの緊張状態を保ちつつ、常温の水にて15秒間処理を行った。処理して得られたフィルムを直ちに70℃で9分間乾燥処理を行い膜厚25μmの偏光素子を得た。得られた偏光素子を両面易接着層を設けた厚み100μmのPETフィルム(東洋紡績(株)製 コスモシャインA4300)、およびポリビニルアルコール系接着剤、および厚み20μmのアクリル系粘着剤を用いて、厚み1mmのガラス基板にPET/接着層/偏光素子/粘着層/ガラスという構成で積層し、ラミネートして偏光板を得て、測定試料とした。
吸着される色素として、2色性染料(B)である式(1)で表される色素であって、R1、R2が水素原子であり、HPLCから測定されるnの割合が、n=1が33%、n=2が65%、n=3が2%よりなる色素を0.02重量%用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に偏光板を作製し、測定試料とした。
吸着される色素として、2色性染料(A)群の色素である、シー.アイ.ダイレクト.オレンジ39を0.018重量%、および2色性染料(B)である式(1)で表される色素であって、R1、R2が水素原子であり、HPLCから測定されるnの割合が、n=1が33%、n=2が65%、n=3が2%よりなる色素を0.015重量%用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に偏光板を作製し、測定試料とした。
吸着される色素として、2色性染料(A)群の色素である、シー.アイ.ダイレクト.オレンジ39が0.01重量%、2色性染料(B)である式(1)で表される色素であって、R1、R2が水素原子であり、HPLCから測定されるnの割合が、n=1が33%、n=2が65%、n=3が2%よりなる色素を0.01重量%、およびシー.アイ.ダイレクト.レッド81を0.02重量%用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に偏光板を作製し、測定試料とした。
ケン化度が99%以上の膜厚75μmのポリビニルアルコール系樹脂フィルム(クラレ社製 VFシリーズ)を40℃の温水に3分浸漬し膨潤処理をした。膨潤処理したフィルムを、ホウ酸2.8重量%、ヨウ素0.044重量%、ヨウ化カリウム3.13重量%含有した30℃の水溶液に浸漬し染色処理を行い、ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムへ吸着させた。色素が染色されたフィルムを5.0倍に延伸しながらホウ酸3.0重量%を含有した50℃の水溶液中で5分間処理を行った。そのホウ酸処理して得られたフィルムの緊張状態を保ちつつ、ヨウ化カリウム8.0重量%を含有した30℃の水溶液にて20秒間補色処理を行った。処理して得られたフィルムを直ちに70℃で9分間乾燥処理を行い膜厚25μmの偏光素子を得た。得られた偏光素子を両面易接着層を設けた厚み100μmのPETフィルム(東洋紡績(株)製 コスモシャインA4300)、およびポリビニルアルコール系接着剤、および厚み20μmのアクリル系粘着剤を用いて、厚み1mmのガラス基板にPET/接着層/偏光素子/粘着層/ガラスという構成で積層し、ラミネートして偏光板を得て、測定試料とした。
市販の液晶テレビ(シャープ(株)製AQUOS/32型)より取り出した、透明保護層が両面TACフィルムであるヨウ素系偏光板を、厚み20μmのアクリル系粘着剤を用いて、厚み1mmのガラス基板に貼り合せて、測定試料とした。
ヨウ化カリウム5.0重量%を含有した30℃の水溶液にて20秒間補色処理を行なった以外は、実施例4と同様に偏光板を作製し、測定試料とした。
Claims (9)
- 440nm≦λ≦470nmの波長領域において、Tp≧30%、かつ当該波長領域内における任意の連続する20nm間の波長領域でCR≧8,000、残る波長領域でCR≧5,000であり、少なくとも2色性色素を含有することを特徴とする、最大発光出力が440nm乃至470nmである青色LEDまたは青色蛍光管を光源とする蛍光励起色変換ディスプレイに用いられる偏光素子。
ここで、λとは波長を表し、Tpとは偏光素子2枚をそれぞれの吸収軸を平行して重ねた時の分光透過率(パラレルニコル時透過率)であり、Tcとは偏光素子2枚をそれぞれの吸収軸を直交して重ねた時の分光透過率(クロスニコル時透過率)であり、CRとはコントラストの略でTp/Tcからなる値を示す。 - 420nm≦λ<440nmの波長領域において、Tp≧30%かつCR≧1,500であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の偏光素子。
- 470nm<λ≦490nmの波長領域において、Tp≧30%かつCR≧1,000であることを特徴とする、請求項1または請求項2に記載の偏光素子。
- 500nm≦λ≦560nmの波長領域において、透過率が2%以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の偏光素子。
- 2色性色素がヨウ素錯体であって、かつTc(λ460)≦Tc(λ600)であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の偏光素子。
ここでTc(λ460)は偏光素子2枚をそれぞれの吸収軸を直交して重ねた時(クロスニコル時)の460nmにおける分光透過率であり、Tc(λ600)は偏光素子2枚をそれぞれの吸収軸を直交して重ねた時(クロスニコル時)の600nmにおける分光透過率である。 - 偏光素子の少なくとも片面に支持体フィルムを設けてなる請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項に記載の偏光板。
- 支持体フィルムの少なくとも片面がPET(ポリエステル)フィルムである請求項7に記載の偏光板。
- 無機基板に請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項に記載の偏光素子または請求項7又は8に記載の偏光板が積層されたことを特徴とする無機基板付偏光板。
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JP2019056904A (ja) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-04-11 | 日本化薬株式会社 | 面状偏光発光素子 |
WO2021010100A1 (ja) * | 2019-07-16 | 2021-01-21 | 住友化学株式会社 | 光学積層体 |
WO2024085142A1 (ja) * | 2022-10-18 | 2024-04-25 | 株式会社クラレ | ポリビニルアルコール系フィルム及び延伸フィルム |
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JP6853010B2 (ja) * | 2015-11-06 | 2021-03-31 | 日本化薬株式会社 | 無彩色な偏光素子、並びにこれを用いた無彩色偏光板および液晶表示装置 |
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