WO2013008475A1 - 非水電解質二次電池 - Google Patents
非水電解質二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013008475A1 WO2013008475A1 PCT/JP2012/004532 JP2012004532W WO2013008475A1 WO 2013008475 A1 WO2013008475 A1 WO 2013008475A1 JP 2012004532 W JP2012004532 W JP 2012004532W WO 2013008475 A1 WO2013008475 A1 WO 2013008475A1
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- active material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material composed of a mixture of LiMn 2 O 4 and LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2, and LiMn 2 O 4 and Li (Ni by mixing -Co-Mn) O 2, it has been shown to be possible to improve the energy density of the battery.
- a battery using Li (Ni—Co—Mn) O 2 has a short-circuited portion around the battery due to a short-circuit current flowing in the short-circuited portion when the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery are internally short-circuited for some reason.
- heat escape is likely to occur.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and the object of the present invention is to sufficiently suppress the battery from falling into an abnormal state even when the battery causes an internal short circuit. It is to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that can be used.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to one aspect of the present invention has a general formula Li a Mn 2-b A b O 4 (A is the second in the periodic table of elements) having an average particle size of 12 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less.
- the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to one aspect of the present invention can sufficiently suppress the battery from falling into an abnormal state even when the battery is short-circuited by the above configuration.
- the negative electrode in addition to the negative electrode active material having an average particle size of 3 ⁇ m or more and 18 ⁇ m or less, the negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material having an average particle size larger than 18 ⁇ m. It is preferable to contain less than 50 mass% with respect to the total mass of a substance. If comprised in this way, in addition to being able to suppress that a battery falls into an abnormal state when the positive electrode and negative electrode of a battery are short-circuited inside, the lifetime improvement of a battery can be achieved.
- the specific surface area of the second positive electrode active material is preferably 3.5 times or more the specific surface area of the first positive electrode active material. If comprised in this way, it can suppress more reliably that a battery falls into an abnormal state.
- FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an overall configuration of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the battery along the line 200-200 in FIG.
- the battery 100 is an example of the “nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery” in the present invention.
- the battery 100 is a prismatic lithium ion battery. As shown in FIG. 1, the battery 100 includes a rectangular parallelepiped battery case 1 a having an open upper surface, a lid 1 b, and a power generation element 2. In the battery 100, the lid portion 1b is sealed by being welded circumferentially along the opening edge of the battery case 1a.
- the two power generation elements 2 are arranged in parallel.
- the battery 100 is provided with a positive electrode terminal 3 and a negative electrode terminal 4 protruding upward from the lid portion 1b.
- the battery 100 also includes a positive current collector terminal 5 and a negative current collector terminal 6 that electrically connect the positive electrode terminal 3 and the negative electrode terminal 4 to the power generation element 2, respectively.
- a safety valve 7 is provided at a substantially central portion of the lid portion 1b.
- the safety valve 7 has a function of allowing the gas inside the battery case 1a to escape to the outside and reducing the internal pressure of the battery case 1a when the valve is opened when the internal pressure of the battery case 1a rises for some reason.
- the positive electrode has the general formula Li a Mn 2-b A b O 4 (A is at least one selected from the group consisting of elements of Group 2 to Group 15 of the periodic table of elements)
- a mixture of the active system active material ).
- a in the general formula Li a Mn 2-b A b O 4 is at least one of Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, B, P, Mg, and Al. It is preferable that it is a kind.
- M in the general formula Li d Ni x Co y Mn z M ⁇ O 2 is, Ti, V, Cr, Fe , Cu, Zn, B, P, Mg, Al, Ca, Zr, Mo and W It is preferable that it is at least any one of them.
- the average particle diameter of the Mn-based active material is 12 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less, and the average particle diameter of the ternary active material is 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 7 ⁇ m or less. That is, the average particle diameter of the Mn-based active material is about 5 ⁇ m or more larger than the average particle diameter of the ternary active material.
- the specific surface area of the Mn-based active material is about 0.4 m 2 / g or less, the specific surface area of the ternary active material is about 3.5 times or more the specific surface area of the Mn-based active material, and More preferably, it is about 5.0 m 2 / g or less.
- the positive electrode mixture may contain a conductive agent and a binder.
- a conductive agent an electron conductive material such as acetylene black is preferable.
- the binder one or more kinds of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and the like can be used.
- the negative electrode contains at least 50% by mass or more of a negative electrode active material having an average particle diameter of 3 ⁇ m or more and 18 ⁇ m or less.
- a negative electrode active material having an average particle diameter of 3 ⁇ m or more and 18 ⁇ m or less a mixture of two or more kinds can be used as long as it is within the range of the average particle diameter.
- the average particle size of the negative electrode active material is more preferably about 5 ⁇ m or more and about 15 ⁇ m or less.
- the negative electrode preferably contains less than about 50% by mass of a negative electrode active material having an average particle size greater than about 18 ⁇ m in addition to the negative electrode active material having an average particle size of 3 ⁇ m or more and 18 ⁇ m or less.
- the negative electrode active material should just be able to occlude lithium ion.
- a carbon material such as lithium composite oxide, silicon oxide, an alloy capable of inserting and extracting lithium, graphite, hard carbon, low-temperature fired carbon, and amorphous carbon.
- graphite is preferably used as the negative electrode active material from the viewpoint of energy density.
- a negative electrode mixture may contain a electrically conductive agent, a binder, etc. like a positive electrode mixture as needed.
- a electrically conductive agent and a binder it is possible to use the material similar to an above-described positive electrode mixture.
- a resin porous membrane, a nonwoven fabric, or the like may be used alone or in combination.
- a porous film made of polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene for the separator 23 from the viewpoint of easy processing and improved durability.
- non-aqueous electrolyte an electrolyte salt dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent is used.
- electrolyte salt an inorganic ion salt containing Li, such as LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiPF 6, or the like can be used.
- concentration of the electrolyte salt in the nonaqueous electrolyte is preferably about 0.1 mol / l or more and about 5 mol / l or less.
- nonaqueous solvents for nonaqueous electrolytes include cyclic carbonates such as propylene carbonate (PC) and ethylene carbonate (EC), and chains such as dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC). Like carbonates can be used.
- cyclic carbonates such as propylene carbonate (PC) and ethylene carbonate (EC)
- chains such as dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC).
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- DEC diethyl carbonate
- EMC ethyl methyl carbonate
- Example 1-1 (Production of Mn-based active material) First, a Mn-based active material was produced. Specifically, a solution in which LiOH and MnO 2 were mixed at a predetermined ratio was dried using spray drying to obtain a precursor composed of a mixed salt of Li and Mn. By firing the precursor, a Mn-based active material made of LiMn 2 O 4 having a spinel crystal structure having an average particle diameter of 18 ⁇ m and a specific surface area of 0.2 m 2 / g was produced.
- the measurement of the average particle diameter of Mn type active material was performed as follows. First, after fully kneading the produced Mn-based active material and an anionic surfactant, ion-exchanged water (water from which ions in water were removed using an ion-exchange resin) was added. After the Mn-based active material is dispersed in ion-exchanged water using ultrasonic waves, the average particle size of the Mn-based active material is measured using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring device (SALD-2000J, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). The diameter was measured.
- SALD-2000J laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring device
- the specific surface area of the Mn-based active material was measured as follows. First, the produced Mn-based active material was dried in a nitrogen gas atmosphere under a temperature condition of 150 ° C. Then, the specific surface area of the Mn-based active material based on the BET method was measured using a specific surface area measuring device (TRISTAR 3000, manufactured by Micromeritics).
- Ni—Co—Mn coprecipitation precursor was obtained by a coprecipitation method using manganese sulfate hydrate, nickel sulfate hydrate and cobalt sulfate hydrate as raw materials.
- a predetermined amount of lithium hydroxide and a Ni—Mn—Co coprecipitation precursor were mixed.
- a ternary component composed of LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 having a layered rock salt type crystal structure having an average particle diameter of 4 ⁇ m and a specific surface area of 1.4 m 2 / g A system active material was prepared.
- the measurement of the average particle diameter and specific surface area of a ternary system active material was measured using the measurement method similar to the measurement of the average particle diameter and specific surface area of the said Mn type active material.
- the specific surface area of the ternary active material was 7 times (1.4 / 0.2) the specific surface area of the Mn active material.
- both the Mn-based active material and the three-component active material are prepared by adjusting the firing temperature, firing time, etc. during firing and classifying the particles to obtain a positive electrode active material having a predetermined average particle diameter and specific surface area. It is possible to produce. In general, a positive electrode active material having a large average particle size and a small specific surface area can be produced by increasing the firing temperature and lengthening the firing time. On the other hand, by lowering the firing temperature and shortening the firing time, an active material having a small average particle size and a large specific surface area can be produced.
- NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
- the produced paste-form positive mix was apply
- a negative electrode active material was produced. Specifically, by pulverizing and classifying graphite, first graphite (Gr1) having an average particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m and a specific surface area of 2.2 m 2 / g is produced as a first negative electrode active material. As the second negative electrode active material, a second graphite (Gr2) having an average particle size of 22 ⁇ m and a specific surface area of 0.8 m 2 / g was produced. In addition, the measurement similar to the measurement of the average particle diameter and specific surface area of the said Mn type positive electrode active material was used for the measurement of the average particle diameter and specific surface area of 1st graphite and 2nd graphite.
- Example 1-2 to 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1--7 the average particle diameters and specific surface areas of LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 and LiMn 2 O 4 A battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 except that the average particle diameter and specific surface area of graphite or the mixing ratio of the first graphite and the second graphite were as shown in Table 1.
- an iron nail having a diameter of 5 mm from one side surface in the Y direction of the battery shown in FIG. 1 is 3 cm / sec.
- the battery was forced to short-circuit the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 of the battery.
- the nail penetration test is a battery evaluation test, and such an extreme short circuit does not occur in a normal use environment.
- Table 1 shows the results of the nail penetration test for the batteries 100 of Examples 1-1 to 1-8 and the batteries of Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-7.
- Examples 1-1 to 1-8 by making the average particle diameter of the ternary active material that is likely to cause thermal escape sufficiently smaller than the average particle diameter of the Mn-based active material, It is considered that the ternary active material was able to receive lithium ions preferentially over the Mn active material. Further, by using 50% by mass or more of the first graphite having an average particle size of 3 ⁇ m or more and 18 ⁇ m or less, the first graphite and the non-aqueous electrolyte can be effectively contacted, and lithium ions from the first graphite can be brought into contact. It is thought that the release could be promoted.
- the ternary active material was able to be quickly discharged to a charged state that does not cause thermal escape in the vicinity of the short-circuited portion, so that the battery could be sufficiently suppressed from falling into an abnormal state. It is done.
- the reason why the abnormality was observed when the average particle diameter of the Mn-based active material was less than 12 ⁇ m is that the particle diameter of the Mn-based active material is smaller than that of the ternary active material. It is considered that the ternary active material could not receive electrons and lithium ions from the negative electrode side preferentially over the Mn active material because it was not sufficiently larger than the diameter.
- the average particle size of the Mn-based active material is larger than 30 ⁇ m, the contact area between the Mn-based active material and the non-aqueous electrolyte becomes too small, and the discharge capacity during high rate discharge becomes small. Therefore, the average particle size of the Mn-based active material is preferably 12 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less.
- the average particle diameter of the ternary active material is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 7 ⁇ m or less.
- the average particle diameter of the first graphite is preferably 15 ⁇ m or less as in Examples 1-1 to 1-8. According to the inventor's consideration, if the average particle size of the first graphite is 18 ⁇ m or less, it is considered that the same effects as those of Examples 1-1 to 1-8 can be obtained.
- the average particle diameter of the first graphite is preferably 3 ⁇ m or more and 18 ⁇ m or less.
- the reason why the abnormality occurred is that when the amount of the first graphite is insufficient (less than 50% by mass), the negative electrode active material As a whole, it is considered that the reactivity with the nonaqueous electrolyte could not be sufficiently increased.
- the battery falls into an abnormal state by ensuring a difference of 8 ⁇ m or more between the average particle diameter of the Mn-based active material and the average particle diameter of the ternary active material. It was found that could be sufficiently suppressed. In addition, according to the inventor's consideration, it is considered that if the difference in average particle diameter is secured to 5 ⁇ m or more, the battery can be sufficiently prevented from falling into an abnormal state.
- the negative electrode active material contains less than 50% by mass of the second graphite having an average particle diameter larger than that of the first graphite. This is because the second graphite having an average particle size larger than that of the first graphite has a low reactivity with the non-aqueous electrolyte, so that it is considered that the battery life can be extended.
- Example 2 (Examples 2-1 to 2-4 and Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-2)
- Examples 2-1 to 2-3 are the same as those of Example 1 except that the positive electrode active material was configured so that the mass ratio of the Mn-based active material to the ternary active material was 20:80 to 80:20.
- a battery was produced in the same manner as in Example-1.
- Example 2-4, Comparative Example 2-1 and Comparative Example 2-2 were carried out except that the average particle diameter and specific surface area of each active material and the mixing ratio of the positive electrode active material were as shown in Table 2.
- a battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- Table 2 shows the results of the nail penetration test for the batteries 100 of Examples 2-1 to 2-4 and the batteries of Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-2.
- Example 3 (Examples 3-1 to 3-3)
- Examples 3-1 to 3-3 use the ternary active material shown in Table 3 and the mass ratio of the Mn active material to the ternary active material is 30:70.
- a battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 except for the above.
- Table 3 shows the results of the nail penetration test for the batteries of Examples 3-1 to 3-3.
- Example 3-1 to 3-3 the result of “no abnormality” was obtained in the nail penetration test. This is considered to be because, in any of Examples 3-1 to 3-3, the composition of the ternary active material could be quickly discharged to a charged state that does not cause thermal escape in the vicinity of the short circuit portion. It is done.
- the general formula Li d Ni x Co y Mn z M ⁇ O 2 (M is at least selected from the group consisting of a Group 2 to Group 15 element of the Periodic Table of the Elements 1
- the kinds of elements, 0.9 ⁇ d ⁇ 1.3, x, y, z and ⁇ are 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0.3, x + y + z + ⁇ In 1), there is no significant difference in chemical reactivity and thermal stability, so it is considered that the same effect can be obtained.
- Example 4 (Examples 4-1 to 4-3) Examples 4-1 to 4-3 except that LiMn 2 O 4 and LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 having the average particle diameter and specific surface area shown in Table 4 were used. Produced a battery in the same manner as in Example 1-1. Table 4 shows the results of the nail penetration test for the batteries of Examples 4-1 to 4-3.
- Example 4-1 the safety valve was not opened, and the weight reduction with respect to the total weight of the battery was less than 5%.
- Example 4-2 and Example 4-3 although the safety valve was not opened, the mass reduction with respect to the total mass of the battery was 5% or more. This is considered to be due to the following reason.
- Example 4-1 the contact area between the ternary active material and the non-aqueous electrolyte could be made sufficiently larger than the contact area between the Mn-based active material and the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- the ternary active material was able to receive electrons and lithium ions from the negative electrode 22 side preferentially over the Mn active material.
- Example 5 (Examples 5-1 to 5-7 and Comparative Examples 5-1 to 5-2)
- the mass ratio of LiMn 2 O 4 to LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 is 10:90 to 90 :
- a battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 except that the positive electrode active material was configured to be 10.
- Table 5 shows the measurement results of the battery capacities of the batteries of Examples 5-1 to 5-7 and Comparative Examples 5-1 to 5-2.
- Examples 5-1 to 5-7 and Comparative Examples 5-1 to 5-2 it was confirmed that the battery capacity was increased by increasing the proportion of the ternary active material in the positive electrode.
- Comparative Example 5-2 is most preferable, but Comparative Example 2-2 was “abnormal” in the nail penetration test.
- Positive electrode 22 Negative electrode 100 Battery non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery
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Abstract
Description
(実施例1-1)
(Mn系活物質の作製)
まず、Mn系活物質を作製した。具体的には、LiOHとMnO2とを所定の割合で混合した溶液をスプレードライを用いて乾燥し、LiおよびMnの混合塩からなる前駆体を得た。前駆体を焼成することによって、18μmの平均粒径と0.2m2/gの比表面積とを有するスピネル型結晶構造のLiMn2O4からなるMn系活物質を作製した。
硫酸マンガン水和物、硫酸ニッケル水和物および硫酸コバルト水和物を原料として、共沈法によりNi-Co-Mn共沈前駆体を得た。
上記のMn系活物質と三成分系活物質とを用いて正極合剤を作製した。具体的には、70:30の質量比でLiMn2O4とLiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2とを混合した混合物からなる正極活物質と、アセチレンブラック(AB)からなる導電剤と、ポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)からなる増粘剤とを混合した。この際、正極活物質:AB:PVDF=88:6:6の質量比とした。この混合物に、N-メチルピロリドン(NMP)を適量加えて、ペースト状の正極合剤を作製した。
次に、負極活物質を作製した。具体的には、グラファイトを粉砕および分級することによって、第1の負極活物質として、5μmの平均粒径と2.2m2/gの比表面積とを有する第1グラファイト(Gr1)を作製するとともに、第2の負極活物質として、22μmの平均粒径と0.8m2/gの比表面積とを有する第2グラファイト(Gr2)を作製した。なお、第1グラファイトと、第2グラファイトの平均粒径および比表面積の測定は、共に上記Mn系正極活物質の平均粒径および比表面積の測定と同様の方法を用いた。
また、上記のように作製した第1グラファイトと第2グラファイトとを用いて負極合剤を作製した。具体的には、60:40の質量比で第1グラファイトと第2グラファイトとを混合した混合物からなる負極活物質と、PVDFからなる結着剤とを混合した。この際、負極活物質:PVDF=95:5の質量比とした。そして、この混合物に、NMPを適量加えて、ペースト状の負極合剤を作製した。そして、約15μmの厚みを有する銅箔からなる負極集電体22aに、正極と同様の方法で負極合剤を塗布して、負極22を作製し、負極集電端子6と接続した。
その後、正極21と負極22との間にセパレータ23を介在させた状態で、これらを巻回し、発電要素2(図2参照)を作製した。そして、図1に示すように、正極端子3と正極集電端子5とを接合し、負極端子4と負極集電端子6とを接合した。その後、レーザ溶接によって電池ケース1aと蓋部1bとの嵌合部分を溶接した。このようにして、非水電解質を注入する前の電池100を作製した。
また、1:1の体積比のエチレンカーボネート(EC)とジエチルカーボネート(DEC)とを混合して非水溶媒を作製した。そして、作製した非水溶媒に、電解質塩の濃度が1mol/LになるようにLiPF6を溶解させて非水電解質を作製した。そして、作製した非水電解質を電池ケース1aの側面の図示しない注液口から注入した。最後に、注液口を封止することによって、図1に示す実施例1-1の電池100を作製した。
実施例1-2~1-8および比較例1-1~1-7は、LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2およびLiMn2O4の平均粒径および比表面積、第1グラファイトの平均粒径および比表面積、または第1グラファイトと第2グラファイトとの混合比率を表1に示すようにしたことを除いて、実施例1-1と同様に、電池を作製した。
作製した実施例1-1~1-8および比較例1-1~1-7による電池の各々に対して、50Aの充電電流で、4.1Vの電圧まで定電流定電圧充電をおこなった。ここで、充電時間の合計は3時間とした。
(実施例2-1~2-4および比較例2-1~2-2)
実施例2-1~2-3は、Mn系活物質と三成分系活物質との質量比が20:80~80:20となるように正極活物質を構成した点以外は、実施例1-1と同様にして、電池を作製した。実施例2-4、比較例2-1および比較例2-2は、各活物質の平均粒径および比表面積、正極活物質の混合比率を表2に示すようにした点を除いて、実施例1-1と同様に、電池を作製した。表2に、実施例2-1~2-4の電池100および比較例2-1~2-2の電池に対する釘刺し試験の結果を示す。
(実施例3-1~3-3)
実施例3-1~3-3は、表3に示した三成分系活物質を用いる点と、Mn系活物質と三成分系活物質との質量比が30:70となるようにした点とを除いては、実施例1-1と同様にして、電池を作製した。表3に、実施例3-1~3-3の電池に対する釘刺し試験の結果を示す。
(実施例4-1~4-3)
実施例4-1~4-3は、表4に示した平均粒径および比表面積を有するLiMn2O4およびLiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2を用いた点を除いては、実施例1-1と同様にして、電池を作製した。表4に、実施例4-1~4-3の電池に対する釘刺し試験の結果を示す。
(実施例5-1~5-7および比較例5-1~5-2)
実施例5-1~5-7および比較例5-1~5-2は、LiMn2O4とLiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2との質量比が10:90~90:10となるように正極活物質を構成した点以外は、上記実施例1-1と同様にして電池を作製した。
実施例5-1~5-7および比較例5-1~5-2の電池を用いて、電池容量の測定を行った。具体的には、50Aの充電電流で、4.1Vの電圧まで定電流定電圧充電をおこなった。ここで、充電時間の合計は3時間とした。この電池を、50Aの放電電流で3.0Vの放電終止電圧まで放電させ放電容量を測定した。この放電容量に50A放電時の平均電圧を乗じたものを「電池容量」とした。
22 負極
100 電池(非水電解質二次電池)
Claims (3)
- 12μm以上30μm以下の平均粒径を有する、一般式LiaMn2-bAbO4(Aは、元素周期表の第2族~第15族の元素からなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種類の元素、0.9≦a≦1.3、0≦b≦0.3)で表される第1正極活物質と、0.5μm以上7μm以下の平均粒径を有する、一般式LidNixCoyMnzMαO2(Mは、元素周期表の第2族~第15族の元素からなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種類の元素、0.9≦d≦1.3、x、y、zおよびαは、0<x<1、0<y<1、0<z<1、0≦α≦0.3、x+y+z+α=1)で表される第2正極活物質とを含む正極と、
3μm以上18μm以下の平均粒径を有する負極活物質を負極活物質の総質量に対して50質量%以上含有する負極とを備え、
前記第1正極活物質と前記第2正極活物質との質量混合比が、前記第1正極活物質の質量:前記第2正極活物質の質量=20:80~80:20を満たす、非水電解質二次電池。 - 前記負極は、18μmよりも大きい平均粒径を有する負極活物質を負極活物質の総質量に対して50質量%未満含有する、請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記第2正極活物質の比表面積は、前記第1正極活物質の比表面積の3.5倍以上である、請求項1または2に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
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US14/232,225 US20140141335A1 (en) | 2011-07-13 | 2012-07-12 | Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
EP12811641.5A EP2733776A4 (en) | 2011-07-13 | 2012-07-12 | NONAQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE SECONDARY BATTERY |
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JP2015046282A (ja) * | 2013-08-28 | 2015-03-12 | 新神戸電機株式会社 | リチウムイオン電池 |
JP2017004696A (ja) * | 2015-06-08 | 2017-01-05 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用正極 |
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WO2014142283A1 (ja) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用正極およびこれを用いた非水電解質二次電池 |
JP6466161B2 (ja) * | 2014-12-18 | 2019-02-06 | オートモーティブエナジーサプライ株式会社 | リチウムイオン電池用負極材料 |
JP6518061B2 (ja) * | 2014-12-18 | 2019-05-22 | 株式会社エンビジョンAescジャパン | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
KR20160097677A (ko) * | 2015-02-09 | 2016-08-18 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
JP6507218B1 (ja) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-04-24 | 住友化学株式会社 | 非水電解液二次電池 |
KR102359103B1 (ko) * | 2018-02-01 | 2022-02-08 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 이차전지용 양극 활물질, 그 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
KR102453273B1 (ko) * | 2018-05-23 | 2022-10-11 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 리튬 이차전지용 양극재, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 양극 및 리튬 이차전지 |
CN112993381A (zh) * | 2021-02-06 | 2021-06-18 | 苏州精诚智造智能科技有限公司 | 一种高倍率锂离子电池的制备方法 |
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