WO2012124676A1 - 焼付け塗装硬化性に優れたアルミニウム合金板 - Google Patents
焼付け塗装硬化性に優れたアルミニウム合金板 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012124676A1 WO2012124676A1 PCT/JP2012/056370 JP2012056370W WO2012124676A1 WO 2012124676 A1 WO2012124676 A1 WO 2012124676A1 JP 2012056370 W JP2012056370 W JP 2012056370W WO 2012124676 A1 WO2012124676 A1 WO 2012124676A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
- C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an Al—Mg—Si aluminum alloy sheet.
- the aluminum alloy plate referred to in the present invention is a rolled plate such as a hot rolled plate or a cold rolled plate, and refers to an aluminum alloy plate that has been subjected to tempering such as solution treatment and quenching treatment.
- aluminum is also referred to as Al.
- panels such as outer panels (outer plate) and inner panel (inner plate) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ of panel structures such as automobile hoods, fenders, doors, roofs, trunk lids, etc.
- panels such as outer panels (outer plate) and inner panel (inner plate) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ of panel structures such as automobile hoods, fenders, doors, roofs, trunk lids, etc.
- 6000 series JIS 6000 series
- This 6000 series aluminum alloy plate contains Si and Mg as essential components.
- the excess Si type 6000 series aluminum alloy has a composition in which these Si / Mg is 1 or more in mass ratio, and has excellent age hardening ability.
- bake hard property BH property, bake curability
- the 6000 series aluminum alloy plate has a relatively small amount of alloy elements as compared with other 5000 series aluminum alloys having a large amount of alloy such as Mg. For this reason, when the scraps of these 6000 series aluminum alloy plates are reused as the molten aluminum alloy material (melting raw material), the original 6000 series aluminum alloy ingot is easily obtained and the recyclability is excellent.
- an outer panel of an automobile is manufactured by combining an aluminum alloy plate with a forming process such as press forming and bending forming.
- a forming process such as press forming and bending forming.
- a large outer panel such as a hood or a door
- it is formed into a molded product shape as an outer panel by press molding such as overhang, and then the inner panel and Are joined to form a panel structure.
- the 6000 series aluminum alloy has an advantage of having excellent BH property, but has aging property at room temperature, and after the solution quenching treatment, it is age-hardened by holding at room temperature for several months to increase the strength. As a result, there is a problem that the formability to the panel, particularly the bending workability, is lowered.
- a 6000 series aluminum alloy plate when used for an automotive panel, it usually takes about 1 to 4 months after it is solution-quenched by an aluminum maker (after manufacture) and then molded into a panel by an automotive maker. It is left at room temperature (and left at room temperature), and during this time, it is considerably age-hardened (room temperature aging).
- Patent Document 1 a proposal is made to suppress a change in strength after 7 days from 90 days after manufacture at room temperature after manufacturing by changing the cooling rate stepwise during solution treatment and quenching.
- Patent Document 2 proposes to obtain BH property and shape freezing property by holding at a temperature of 50 to 150 ° C. for 10 to 300 minutes within 60 minutes after solution treatment and quenching treatment.
- Patent Document 3 proposes to obtain BH property and shape freezing property by prescribing the first stage cooling temperature and the subsequent cooling rate during solution treatment and quenching treatment.
- Patent Document 4 it is proposed to improve the BH property by heat treatment after solution hardening.
- Patent Document 5 proposes an improvement in BH property by the endothermic peak regulation of the DSC (Differential Scanning calorimetry) method.
- Patent Document 6 also proposes improvement of BH property by DSC exothermic peak definition.
- Patent Documents 1 to 6 are merely an indirect analogy of the behavior of clusters (aggregates of atoms) that directly affect the BH properties and room temperature aging properties of 6000 series aluminum alloy plates. .
- Patent Document 7 attempts to directly measure and define clusters (aggregates of atoms) that affect the BH property and room temperature aging of a 6000 series aluminum alloy plate. That is, the average number of clusters having a circle equivalent diameter in the range of 1 to 5 nm among the clusters (aggregates of atoms) observed when the structure of a 6000 series aluminum alloy plate is analyzed by a transmission electron microscope with a magnification of 1 million times. The density is defined in the range of 4000 to 30000 pieces / ⁇ m 2 , and is excellent in BH property and suppresses aging at room temperature.
- the BH properties after room temperature aging of these conventional technologies still have room for improvement under the condition that the car body paint baking process is performed at a lower temperature for a shorter time in order to improve the efficiency of the production line of the car body. is there. That is, when these prior art body paint baking processes are shortened at a low temperature such as 150 ° C. ⁇ 20 minutes, the improvement in BH property after aging at room temperature is about 30 to 40 MPa at 0.2% proof stress, A higher BH property is required.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an Al—Si—Mg-based aluminum alloy plate that can exhibit high BH properties even in the case of car body paint baking under conditions that are shortened at low temperatures after room temperature aging. Is to provide.
- the gist of the aluminum alloy sheet of the present invention is, by mass%, Mg: 0.2-2.0%, Si: 0.3-2.0%, with the balance being Al.
- an Al—Mg—Si aluminum alloy plate made of unavoidable impurities the atomic aggregate measured by a three-dimensional atom probe field ion microscope, whether the atomic aggregate is Mg atom or Si atom One or both of them are included in total of 30 or more, and any atom of Mg atom or Si atom contained therein is used as a reference to any one of other atoms adjacent to the reference atom.
- the distance between each other is 0.75 nm or less, and an aggregate of atoms satisfying these conditions is included at an average number density of 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 / ⁇ m 3 or more.
- Mg and Si form an aggregate of atoms called clusters during room temperature holding or heat treatment at 50 to 150 ° C. after solution treatment and quenching treatment.
- the behavior of the clusters generated at room temperature and during the heat treatment at 50 to 150 ° C. is completely different.
- the cluster formed by holding at room temperature suppresses the precipitation of the GP zone or ⁇ ′ phase that increases the strength in the subsequent artificial aging or baking coating treatment.
- clusters (or Mg / Si clusters) formed at 50 to 150 ° C. have been shown to promote precipitation of GP zones or ⁇ ′ phases (for example, Yamada et al .: Light metal vol. 51). , Page 215).
- the present invention clarifies this, and among the aggregates (clusters) of atoms measured by 3DAP, as described above, includes Mg atoms or Si atoms in total or more, It has been found that a specific cluster in which the distance between adjacent atoms contained in these is not more than a specific value and the BH property greatly correlate. The inventors have also found that by increasing the number density of atomic aggregates that satisfy these conditions, high BH properties can be exhibited even in a car body paint baking process under conditions that are shortened at low temperatures after room temperature aging.
- an Al—Si—Mg system that can exhibit higher BH properties even when the body is aged at room temperature and the body coating baking process is shortened at a low temperature such as 150 ° C. ⁇ 20 minutes.
- An aluminum alloy plate can be provided.
- 3DAP three-dimensional atom probe
- FIM field ion microscope
- the local analyzer is capable of observing individual atoms on a metal surface with a field ion microscope and identifying these atoms by time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
- 3DAP is a very effective means for structural analysis of atomic aggregates because it can simultaneously analyze the type and position of atoms emitted from a sample. For this reason, as described above, it is used as a magnetic recording film, an electronic device, or a structure analysis of a steel material as a known technique. In addition, recently, as described above, it is also used for discrimination of the cluster of the structure of the aluminum alloy plate.
- This 3DAP uses an ionization phenomenon of sample atoms under a high electric field called field evaporation.
- field evaporation When a high voltage necessary for the field evaporation of sample atoms is applied to the sample, the atoms are ionized from the sample surface and pass through the probe hole to reach the detector.
- This detector is a position-sensitive detector, and it is detected by measuring the time of flight to the individual ion detector along with mass analysis of individual ions (identification of elements that are atomic species).
- the determined position (atomic structure position) can be determined simultaneously. Therefore, 3DAP has the feature that the atomic structure at the tip of the sample can be reconstructed and observed three-dimensionally because the position and atomic species of the atom at the tip of the sample can be measured simultaneously. Further, since field evaporation occurs sequentially from the tip surface of the sample, the distribution of atoms in the depth direction from the sample tip can be examined with atomic level resolution.
- the sample to be analyzed must be highly conductive, such as metal, and the shape of the sample is generally very fine with a tip diameter of around 100 nm ⁇ or less. Need to be needle-shaped. For this reason, a sample is taken from the central part of the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate to be measured, and this sample is cut and electropolished with a precision cutting device to obtain a sample having an ultra-fine needle tip for analysis. Make it.
- a measuring method for example, using “LEAP3000” manufactured by Imago Scientific Instruments, a high pulse voltage of the order of 1 kV is applied to an aluminum alloy plate sample whose tip is shaped like a needle, and several millions from the sample tip.
- the analysis of the aggregate (cluster) of atoms is further performed on this three-dimensional atom map using the Maximum Separation Method, which is a method for defining atoms belonging to precipitates and clusters.
- the number of Mg atoms or Si atoms or both (total of 30 or more), the distance (interval) between adjacent Mg atoms or Si atoms, and the specific narrow interval is given as a parameter.
- any atom of Mg atom or Si atom contained therein is used as a reference, and other atoms adjacent to the reference atom
- a group of atoms having a distance of 0.75 nm or less and satisfying these conditions is defined as a group of atoms of the present invention. Then, the dispersion state of the atomic aggregates that meet this definition is evaluated, and the number density of the atomic aggregates is averaged over three or more measurement samples to obtain an average density per 1 ⁇ m 3 (number / piece Measured and quantified as ⁇ m 3 ).
- the detection efficiency of these atoms by 3DAP is currently limited to about 50% of the ionized atoms, and the remaining atoms cannot be detected. If the detection efficiency of atoms by 3DAP is greatly changed, such as improvement in the future, the measurement result by 3DAP of the average number density (pieces / ⁇ m 3 ) of the aggregate of atoms defined by the present invention may change. There is sex. Therefore, in order to give reproducibility to the measurement of the average number density of the aggregate of atoms, it is preferable that the detection efficiency of atoms by 3DAP is substantially constant at about 50%.
- the aluminum alloy plate of the present invention is a plate after tempering such as solution treatment and quenching after rolling, and refers to a plate before being formed into a panel by press molding or the like. .
- tempering before leaving at room temperature is applied. It is necessary to make the textured state of the plate after being subjected to the structure defined in the present invention.
- a structure in an arbitrary thickness center portion of the Al—Mg—Si based aluminum alloy plate after being subjected to the tempering such as solution treatment and quenching treatment before being left at room temperature is expressed as a three-dimensional atom probe electric field. It measures by an above-mentioned method with an ion microscope.
- the aggregate of atoms present in the measured structure in the present invention, first, includes at least 30 of Mg atoms and / or Si atoms in total.
- the number of Mg atoms and Si atoms contained in the aggregate of atoms is preferably as large as possible, and the upper limit is not particularly defined, but from the production limit, the number of Mg atoms and Si atoms contained in the aggregate of atoms The upper limit is about 10,000.
- the mutual distance between the reference atom and any of the other atoms adjacent to each other is What is 0.75 nm or less is an aggregate of atoms defined by the present invention (satisfying the definition of the present invention).
- This mutual distance of 0.75 nm is the number density of aggregates (clusters) of atoms that have the effect of improving the BH property in a short time at low temperature after long-term aging at room temperature because the distance between the atoms of Mg and Si is close.
- an aggregate of atoms satisfying these conditions is included at an average number density of 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 / ⁇ m 3 or more.
- the average number density of the atomic aggregate is preferably as large as possible, and the upper limit is not particularly defined. However, from the production limit, the average number density of the atomic aggregate is approximately 1.0 ⁇ 10 6 / ⁇ m 3. Degree.
- the aggregate (cluster) of atoms defined in the present invention most often includes both Mg atoms and Si atoms, but includes Mg atoms but no Si atoms, or includes Si atoms but includes Mg atoms. Including the case of not including. Moreover, it is not necessarily comprised only by Mg atom or Si atom, In addition to these, Al atom is included with very high probability.
- atoms such as Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr, Zr, V, Ti, or Zn, which are included as alloy elements and impurities, are included in the aggregate of atoms, and these other atoms. Will necessarily be counted by 3DAP analysis. However, even if these other atoms (from alloy elements and impurities) are included in the aggregate of atoms, the level is smaller than the total number of Mg atoms and Si atoms. Therefore, even when such other atoms are included in the aggregate, those satisfying the above definition (condition) are aggregates of atoms consisting only of Mg atoms and Si atoms as aggregates of atoms of the present invention. Works the same way. Therefore, the aggregate of atoms defined in the present invention may contain any other atom as long as the above-described definition is satisfied.
- the distance between the atom serving as the reference and any one of the other atoms adjacent to the reference atom is 0.75 nm.
- the term “below” means that all Mg atoms and Si atoms present in the aggregate of atoms have at least one Mg atom or Si atom having a distance of 0.75 nm or less around each other. Meaning.
- the definition of the distance between atoms is based on any atom of Mg atom or Si atom contained in them, and all of the other atoms adjacent to the reference atom.
- the distances of the atoms may not all be 0.75 nm or less, and conversely, they may all be 0.75 nm or less.
- other Mg atoms or Si atoms having a distance exceeding 0.75 nm may be adjacent to each other, and the specified distance (interval) is satisfied around a specific (reference) Mg atom or Si atom.
- the number of Mg atoms or Si atoms that satisfy the distance condition is specified (reference) Mg.
- the number of Mg atoms or Si atoms that satisfy the distance condition is specified (reference) Mg.
- the number of Mg atoms or Si atoms to be counted that satisfy the distance condition is a specific (reference) Mg
- the number is 3 including atoms or Si atoms.
- the cluster described above is a cluster generated by the reheating treatment after the solution treatment and the quenching treatment described above and in detail later.
- the GP zone or the cluster that promotes the precipitation of ⁇ ′ phase which increases the strength in the artificial aging or baking coating treatment, is the Mg / Si cluster as described above, and this cluster is 50 to 150 after solution hardening.
- a cluster that suppresses the precipitation of GP zone or ⁇ ′ phase in artificial aging or baking coating treatment is a Si-rich cluster, whereas this cluster is kept at room temperature after solution hardening (room temperature). (For example, village: light metal vol. 56, described on page 595).
- the structure factor contributing to the strength at the time of artificial aging treatment or baking coating treatment is It was found that it was not size (composition) but size.
- the correspondence between the size and number density of the clusters and the strength at the time of artificial aging or bake coating heat treatment was clarified only after analyzing the definition as described above.
- the cluster of the present invention is generated by reheating treatment after solution treatment and quenching treatment. That is, the aggregate of the atoms includes at least 30 Mg atoms or Si atoms or both in total, and any of the atoms of Mg atoms or Si atoms contained therein is the reference.
- the cluster is a cluster having a distance of 0.75 nm or less from one of the other atoms adjacent to the atom.
- the clusters formed by the room temperature holding are measured by a three-dimensional atom probe field ion microscope, and even if they are aggregates of atoms, the number of atoms outside the scope of the present invention It has a cluster density. Therefore, the provision of the cluster (atomic assembly) of the present invention is distinguished from the cluster formed by the room temperature retention (room temperature aging), and added or contained Mg or Si is consumed in this cluster. It is also a rule to prevent.
- the average number density of clusters (atomic aggregates) defined in the present invention is less than 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 / ⁇ m 3 , the amount of the clusters themselves is insufficient, and the clusters formed by the room temperature aging This means that most of the added (containing) Mg and Si is consumed.
- the coating baking treatment is performed at 150 ° C. ⁇ 20 after standing at room temperature for a long time (room temperature aging).
- the improvement in BH property when the time is shortened at a low temperature such as minutes is only about 30 to 40 MPa as conventional with 0.2% proof stress. Therefore, higher desired BH properties cannot be obtained under such conditions.
- the 6000 series aluminum alloy plate targeted by the present invention is required to have excellent properties such as formability, BH property, strength, weldability, and corrosion resistance as a plate for an automobile outer plate.
- the composition of the aluminum alloy plate includes, by mass, Mg: 0.2 to 2.0%, Si: 0.3 to 2.0%, the balance being Al and inevitable It shall consist of mechanical impurities.
- % display of content of each element means the mass% altogether.
- the 6000 series aluminum alloy plate targeted by the present invention is an excess Si type 6000 series aluminum alloy plate having a better BH property and a Si / Mg mass ratio of Si / Mg of 1% or more. Is preferred.
- the 6000 series aluminum alloy sheet secures formability by reducing the yield strength during press molding and bending, and is age-hardened by heating during relatively low temperature artificial aging treatment such as paint baking treatment of the panel after molding. Yield strength is improved, and it has excellent age-hardening ability (BH property) that can secure the required strength.
- the excess Si type 6000 series aluminum alloy plate is more excellent in this BH property than the 6000 series aluminum alloy plate having a mass ratio Si / Mg of less than 1.
- these other elements other than Mg and Si are basically impurities or elements that may be included, and the content (allowable amount) at each element level in accordance with AA or JIS standards.
- the following elements are allowed to be contained in the range below the upper limit amount in accordance with AA to JIS standards defined below. Specifically, Mn: 1.0% or less (excluding 0%), Cu: 1.0% or less (excluding 0%), Fe: 1.0% or less (excluding 0%) %), Cr: 0.3% or less (excluding 0%), Zr: 0.3% or less (excluding 0%), V: 0.3% or less (provided that 1% or more of Ti: 0.05% or less (excluding 0%), Zn: 1.0% or less (excluding 0%), In addition to the basic composition described above, it may further be included.
- Si 0.3 to 2.0% Si, together with Mg, is an important element for the cluster formation defined in the present invention.
- 6000 series aluminum alloy plate of the present invention it is the most important element for combining various properties such as total elongation that affect the press formability.
- Si / Mg is made to be 1.0 or more in mass ratio, and generally said excess It is preferable to have a 6000 series aluminum alloy composition in which Si is further contained in excess of Mg rather than Si type.
- Si is set in the range of 0.3 to 2.0%.
- Mg 0.2-2.0% Mg is also an important element for cluster formation as defined in the present invention together with Si.
- it is essential to form aging precipitates that contribute to strength improvement together with Si, exhibit age hardening ability, and obtain the necessary proof strength as a panel Elements.
- the Mg content is in the range of 0.2 to 2.0%, and the Si / Mg content is 1.0% or more by mass ratio.
- the aluminum alloy sheet of the present invention is a conventional process or a publicly known process.
- the aluminum alloy ingot having the above-described 6000 series component composition is subjected to homogenization heat treatment after casting, and is subjected to hot rolling and cold rolling to be predetermined. It is manufactured by being subjected to a tempering treatment such as solution hardening and quenching.
- an ordinary molten casting method such as a continuous casting method and a semi-continuous casting method (DC casting method) is appropriately selected for the molten aluminum alloy adjusted to be dissolved within the above-mentioned 6000 series component composition range.
- the average cooling rate at the time of casting is as large as possible (fast) from the liquidus temperature to the solidus temperature of 30 ° C./min. Is preferred.
- homogenization heat treatment Next, the cast aluminum alloy ingot is subjected to a homogenization heat treatment prior to hot rolling.
- the purpose of this homogenization heat treatment (soaking) is to homogenize the structure, that is, to eliminate segregation in crystal grains in the ingot structure.
- the conditions are not particularly limited as long as the object is achieved, and normal one-time or one-stage processing may be performed.
- the homogenization heat treatment temperature is appropriately selected from the range of 500 ° C. or more and less than the melting point, and the homogenization time is 4 hours or more.
- this homogenization temperature is low, segregation within the crystal grains cannot be sufficiently eliminated, and this acts as a starting point of fracture, so that stretch flangeability and bending workability are deteriorated. Thereafter, even if the hot rolling is started immediately or the hot rolling is started after cooling to an appropriate temperature, the number density of clusters defined in the present invention can be controlled.
- Hot rolling is composed of an ingot (slab) rough rolling process and a finish rolling process, depending on the thickness of the rolled sheet.
- a reverse or tandem rolling mill is appropriately used.
- the predetermined Mg—Si compound defined in the present invention cannot be obtained under the condition that the hot rolling (rough rolling) start temperature exceeds 450 ° C. Moreover, if the hot rolling start temperature is less than 350 ° C., the hot rolling itself becomes difficult. Therefore, the hot rolling start temperature is set to 350 to 580 ° C., more preferably 350 to 450 ° C.
- Hot rolled sheet annealing (Hot rolled sheet annealing) Annealing (roughening) of the hot-rolled sheet before cold rolling is not always necessary, but it can be performed to further improve properties such as formability by refining crystal grains and optimizing the texture. good.
- Cold rolling In cold rolling, the hot-rolled sheet is rolled to produce a cold-rolled sheet (including a coil) having a desired final thickness.
- the cold rolling rate is desirably 60% or more, and intermediate annealing may be performed between the cold rolling passes for the same purpose as the roughening. .
- the solution treatment and quenching treatment may be heating and cooling by a normal continuous heat treatment line, and is not particularly limited. However, since it is desirable to obtain a sufficient solid solution amount of each element and, as described above, it is desirable that the crystal grains are finer, a solution treatment temperature of 520 ° C. or higher is applied at a heating rate of 5 ° C./second or higher. It is desirable to carry out the heating and maintaining for 0 to 10 seconds.
- the cooling rate during quenching is 10 ° C./second or more.
- Si, Mg 2 Si and the like are likely to precipitate on the grain boundaries, which tends to be the starting point of cracks during press molding and bending, and these formability is reduced.
- the quenching treatment is performed by selecting water cooling means and conditions such as air cooling such as a fan, mist, spray, and immersion, respectively.
- reheating treatment After quenching and cooling to this room temperature, the cold-rolled sheet is reheated within one hour.
- reheating is performed in a temperature range of 70 to 130 ° C. at an average heating rate (temperature increase rate) of 1 ° C./second (S) or more, and held at the ultimate reheating temperature for 0.2 to 1 hour. Allow to cool to room temperature with an average cooling rate in the range of 1-20 ° C./hr.
- the room temperature holding (standing) time from the end of quenching cooling to the reheating treatment exceeds 1 hour, or the average heating rate (heating rate) is less than 1 ° C./second (S)
- the room temperature is maintained ( Clusters formed by room temperature aging) are generated first, and the number density of the predetermined clusters defined in the present invention cannot be obtained, and bake hardenability in a low temperature and short time after the room temperature aging cannot be obtained.
- the room temperature holding (standing) time from the end of quenching cooling to the reheating treatment is shorter.
- the average heating rate (temperature increase rate) is preferably fast, and is preferably 1 ° C./second (S) or higher, preferably 5 ° C./second (S) or higher, by high-speed heating means such as high-frequency heating.
- the reheating temperature is less than 70 ° C.
- the predetermined cluster density defined in the present invention cannot be obtained, and the bake hardenability in a short time after the room temperature aging cannot be obtained.
- the heating temperature exceeds 130 ° C., it is formed exceeding the predetermined cluster density defined in the present invention, or an intermetallic compound phase such as ⁇ ′ different from the cluster is formed, and formability and bending work are performed. Reduce sex.
- the average heating rate temperature increase rate
- the holding time of the ultimate reheating temperature and the subsequent average cooling rate, as well as the reheating temperature
- the predetermined cluster density defined in the present invention cannot be obtained, and in a low temperature and short time after the room temperature aging.
- the bake hardenability cannot be obtained. Further, if held for an excessively long time, it is formed exceeding the predetermined cluster density defined in the present invention, or forms an intermetallic compound phase such as ⁇ different from the cluster, and formability and bending workability May be reduced.
- the 6000 series aluminum alloy plate shown in Table 1 was produced by changing the reheating treatment conditions after solution treatment and quenching.
- the display which has made the numerical value in each element blank shows that content is below a detection limit.
- the concrete production conditions of the aluminum alloy plate are as follows. Ingots having respective compositions shown in Table 1 were commonly melted by DC casting. At this time, in common with each example, the average cooling rate during casting was set to 50 ° C./min from the liquidus temperature to the solidus temperature.
- the ingot was subjected to soaking treatment at 560 ° C. for 4 hours in common with each example, and then hot rough rolling was started. And in each example, it hot-rolled to thickness 3.5mm by the subsequent finish rolling, and was set as the hot rolled sheet (coil).
- the aluminum alloy sheet after hot rolling is common to each example, and is cold-rolled without rough annealing after hot rolling and intermediate annealing in the middle of cold, and in common with each example, a thickness of 1.0 mm A cold rolled plate (coil) was used.
- each cold-rolled plate is heated to a solution treatment temperature of 550 ° C. with an average heating rate of up to 500 ° C. at an average heating rate of up to 500 ° C., and immediately, A solution-quenching treatment was performed to cool to room temperature at an average cooling rate of 50 ° C./second. Thereafter, a reheating treatment for heating and cooling was performed under the conditions shown in Table 2 which are different from the examples.
- test plate ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (blank) was cut out from each final product plate after being left at room temperature for 2 months, and the structure of each test plate was measured and evaluated. These results are shown in Table 2.
- JISZ2201 No. 5 test piece 25 mm ⁇ 50 mmGL ⁇ plate thickness
- the tensile direction of the test piece at this time was the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction.
- the tensile speed was 5 mm / min up to 0.2% proof stress and 20 mm / min after proof stress.
- the N number for the measurement of mechanical properties was 5, and each was calculated as an average value.
- Hem workability Hem workability was measured only for each test plate after standing at room temperature for 2 months after the tempering treatment.
- a strip-shaped test piece with a width of 30 mm was used, and after bending 90 ° with an internal bend R of 1.0 mm by a down flange, a 1.0 mm thick inner was sandwiched, and the bent portion was further bent inwardly to about 130 degrees.
- Pre-hem processing was performed, and flat hem processing was performed in which the end was closely attached to the inner by bending 180 degrees.
- the surface state of the flat hem bent portion (edge curved portion) such as rough skin, minute cracks, and large cracks was visually observed and visually evaluated according to the following criteria. 0: No cracking, rough skin, 1: Mild rough skin, 2; Deep rough skin, 3: Small surface crack, 4; Continuous surface crack, 5: Break
- each of the inventive examples is manufactured and tempered within the composition range of the present invention and in a preferable condition range. For this reason, each invention example satisfies the cluster conditions defined in the present invention, as shown in Table 2.
- each invention example is excellent in BH property even after long-term aging at room temperature after the tempering treatment, and even when the coating baking and curing is performed at a low temperature in a short time. Further, even after long-term aging at room temperature after the tempering treatment, the hem workability is excellent.
- Comparative Examples 14 to 20 in Table 2 use Invention Alloy Example 2 in Table 1.
- the solution treatment conditions and the reheat treatment conditions are out of the preferred ranges.
- these comparative examples are inferior in the BH property because the cluster conditions defined in the present invention are not met.
- Comparative Examples 21, 22, 23, and 27 in Table 2 are manufactured within a preferable range including reheating treatment conditions, the contents of the essential elements Mg or Si are out of the scope of the present invention. For this reason, as shown in Table 2, the condition of the cluster defined in the present invention is removed, and the BH property is inferior.
- Comparative Examples 24, 25, 26, and 28 in Table 2 also have inferior BH properties because the cluster conditions defined in the present invention are not met.
- the critical significance and effect for sharing are supported.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a 6000 series aluminum alloy sheet having both BH properties under low temperature and short time conditions after long-term room temperature aging and formability after long-term room temperature aging.
- the application of the 6000 series aluminum alloy plate can be expanded for transporting devices such as automobiles, ships or vehicles, home appliances, buildings, structural members and parts, and particularly for transporting devices such as automobiles. .
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Abstract
Description
3DAP(3次元アトムプローブ)は、電界イオン顕微鏡(FIM)に、飛行時間型質量分析器を取り付けたものである。このような構成により、電界イオン顕微鏡で金属表面の個々の原子を観察し、飛行時間質量分析により、これらの原子を同定することのできる局所分析装置である。また、3DAPは、試料から放出される原子の種類と位置とを同時に分析可能であるため、原子の集合体の構造解析上、非常に有効な手段となる。このため、公知技術として、前記した通り、磁気記録膜や電子デバイスあるいは鋼材の組織分析などに使用されている。また、最近では、前記した通り、アルミニウム合金板の組織のクラスターの判別などにも使用されている。
但し、これら3DAPによる原子の検出効率は、現在のところ、イオン化した原子のうちの50%程度が限界であり、残りの原子は検出できない。この3DAPによる原子の検出効率が、将来的に向上するなど、大きく変動すると、本発明が規定する原子の集合体の平均個数密度(個/μm3)の3DAPによる測定結果が変動してくる可能性がある。したがって、この原子の集合体の平均個数密度の測定に再現性を持たせるためには、3DAPによる原子の検出効率は約50%と略一定にすることが好ましい。
これら3DAPによるクラスタの測定は、調質が施された後のAl-Mg-Si系アルミニウム合金板の任意の板厚中央部の部位10箇所について行い、これらの数密度の各測定値を平均化して、本発明で規定する平均数密度とする。
前記した通り、本発明アルミニウム合金板は、圧延後に溶体化および焼入れ処理などの調質が施された後の板であって、プレス成形などによってパネルに成形加工される前の板のことを言う。プレス成形される前の0.5~4ヶ月間程度の比較的長期に亙る室温放置された際の室温時効を抑制するためには、当然ながら、この室温放置される前の、調質が施された後の板の組織状態を本発明で規定する組織とする必要がある。
先ず、室温放置される前の、前記溶体化および焼入れ処理などの調質が施された後のAl-Mg-Si系アルミニウム合金板の任意の板厚中央部における組織を、3次元アトムプローブ電界イオン顕微鏡により、前記した方法で測定する。この測定された組織に存在する原子の集合体として、本発明では、先ず、その原子の集合体が、Mg原子かSi原子かのいずれか又は両方を合計で30個以上含むものとする。なお、この原子の集合体に含まれるMg原子やSi原子の個数は多いほどよく、その上限は特に規定しないが、製造限界からすると、この原子の集合体に含まれるMg原子やSi原子の個数の上限は概ね10000個程度である。
次に、6000系アルミニウム合金板の化学成分組成について、以下に説明する。本発明が対象とする6000系アルミニウム合金板は、前記した自動車の外板用の板などとして、優れた成形性やBH性、強度、溶接性、耐食性などの諸特性が要求される。
SiはMgとともに、本発明で規定する前記クラスタ形成の重要元素である。また、固溶強化と、塗装焼き付け処理などの前記低温での人工時効処理時に、強度向上に寄与する時効析出物を形成して、時効硬化能を発揮し、自動車のアウタパネルとして必要な強度(耐力)を得るための必須の元素である。更に、本発明6000系アルミニウム合金板にあって、プレス成形性に影響する全伸びなどの諸特性を兼備させるための最重要元素である。
Mgも、Siとともに本発明で規定する前記クラスタ形成の重要元素である。また、固溶強化と、塗装焼き付け処理などの前記人工時効処理時に、Siとともに強度向上に寄与する時効析出物を形成して、時効硬化能を発揮し、パネルとしての必要耐力を得るための必須の元素である。
次ぎに、本発明アルミニウム合金板の製造方法について以下に説明する。本発明アルミニウム合金板は、製造工程自体は常法あるいは公知の方法であり、上記6000系成分組成のアルミニウム合金鋳塊を鋳造後に均質化熱処理し、熱間圧延、冷間圧延が施されて所定の板厚とされ、更に溶体化焼入れなどの調質処理が施されて製造される。
先ず、溶解、鋳造工程では、上記6000系成分組成範囲内に溶解調整されたアルミニウム合金溶湯を、連続鋳造法、半連続鋳造法(DC鋳造法)等の通常の溶解鋳造法を適宜選択して鋳造する。ここで、本発明の規定範囲内にクラスタを制御するために、鋳造時の平均冷却速度について、液相線温度から固相線温度までを30℃/分以上と、できるだけ大きく(速く)することが好ましい。
次いで、前記鋳造されたアルミニウム合金鋳塊に、熱間圧延に先立って、均質化熱処理を施す。この均質化熱処理(均熱処理)は、組織の均質化、すなわち、鋳塊組織中の結晶粒内の偏析をなくすことを目的とする。この目的を達成する条件であれば、特に限定されるものではなく、通常の1回または1段の処理でも良い。
熱間圧延は、圧延する板厚に応じて、鋳塊 (スラブ) の粗圧延工程と、仕上げ圧延工程とから構成される。これら粗圧延工程や仕上げ圧延工程では、リバース式あるいはタンデム式などの圧延機が適宜用いられる。
この熱延板の冷間圧延前の焼鈍 (荒鈍) は必ずしも必要ではないが、結晶粒の微細化や集合組織の適正化によって、成形性などの特性を更に向上させる為に実施しても良い。
冷間圧延では、上記熱延板を圧延して、所望の最終板厚の冷延板 (コイルも含む) に製作する。但し、結晶粒をより微細化させるためには、冷間圧延率は60%以上であることが望ましく、また前記荒鈍と同様の目的で、冷間圧延パス間で中間焼鈍を行っても良い。
冷間圧延後、溶体化焼入れ処理を行う。溶体化処理焼入れ処理については、通常の連続熱処理ラインによる加熱,冷却でよく、特に限定はされない。ただ、各元素の十分な固溶量を得ること、および前記した通り、結晶粒はより微細であることが望ましいことから、520℃以上の溶体化処理温度に、加熱速度5℃/秒以上で加熱して、0~10秒保持する条件で行うことが望ましい。
この室温まで焼入れ冷却した後、1時間以内に冷延板を再加熱処理する。この再加熱処理は70~130℃の温度域に、平均加熱速度(昇温速度)1℃/秒(S)以上で再加熱し、到達再加熱温度で0.2~1時間保持し、その後平均冷却速度を1~20℃/hrの範囲として室温まで放冷する。
前記調質処理後2ヶ月室温放置した後の供試板の板厚中央部における組織を、前記した3DAP法により分析し、本発明で規定するクラスタの平均数密度(個/μm2)を求めた。
前記調質処理後2ヶ月室温放置した後の各供試板と、これらを各々共通して150℃20分の低温、短時間の人工時効硬化処理(ベーク後)した後の供試板との0.2%耐力を比較して、その差(耐力の増加量)からBH性を評価した。
ヘム加工性は、前記調質処理後2ヶ月室温放置後の各供試板についてのみ行った。試験は、30mm幅の短冊状試験片を用い、ダウンフランジによる内曲げR1.0mmの90°曲げ加工後、1.0mm厚のインナを挟み、折り曲げ部を更に内側に、順に約130度に折り曲げるプリヘム加工、180度折り曲げて端部をインナに密着させるフラットヘム加工を行った。
0;割れ、肌荒れ無し、1;軽度の肌荒れ、2;深い肌荒れ、3;微小表面割れ、4;線状に連続した表面割れ、5;破断
本出願は、2011年3月15日出願の日本特許出願(特願2011-056960)に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
Claims (2)
- 質量%で、Mg:0.2~2.0%、Si:0.3~2.0%、を含み、残部がAlおよび不可避的不純物からなるAl-Mg-Si系アルミニウム合金板であって、3次元アトムプローブ電界イオン顕微鏡により測定された原子の集合体として、その原子の集合体が、Mg原子かSi原子かのいずれか又は両方を合計で30個以上含み、これらに含まれるMg原子かSi原子のいずれの原子を基準としても、その基準となる原子と隣り合う他の原子のうちのいずれかの原子との互いの距離が0.75nm以下であり、これらの条件を満たす原子の集合体を1.0×105個/μm3以上の平均数密度で含むことを特徴とする焼付け塗装硬化性に優れたアルミニウム合金板。
- 前記アルミニウム合金板が、更に、Mn:1.0%以下(但し、0%を含まず)、Cu:1.0%以下(但し、0%を含まず)、Fe:1.0%以下(但し、0%を含まず)、Cr:0.3%以下(但し、0%を含まず)、Zr:0.3%以下(但し、0%を含まず)、V:0.3%以下(但し、0%を含まず)、Ti:0.05%以下(但し、0%を含まず)、Zn:1.0%以下(但し、0%を含まず)の1種または2種以上を含む請求項1に記載の焼付け塗装硬化性に優れたアルミニウム合金板。
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US14/004,456 US9399808B2 (en) | 2011-03-15 | 2012-03-13 | Aluminum alloy sheet excellent in baking finish hardenability |
CN201280013028.8A CN103429772B (zh) | 2011-03-15 | 2012-03-13 | 烤漆硬化性优异的铝合金板 |
KR1020137024019A KR20130130828A (ko) | 2011-03-15 | 2012-03-13 | 베이킹 도장 경화성이 우수한 알루미늄 합금판 |
AU2012227455A AU2012227455A1 (en) | 2011-03-15 | 2012-03-13 | Aluminum alloy plate having superior baking finish hardening |
EP12757501.7A EP2687616A4 (en) | 2011-03-15 | 2012-03-13 | ALUMINUM ALLOY PLATE WITH OUTSTANDING FINAL CURE THROUGH BAKING |
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2012
- 2012-03-13 WO PCT/JP2012/056370 patent/WO2012124676A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2012-03-13 US US14/004,456 patent/US9399808B2/en active Active
- 2012-03-13 KR KR1020137024019A patent/KR20130130828A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-03-13 EP EP12757501.7A patent/EP2687616A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-03-13 AU AU2012227455A patent/AU2012227455A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-03-13 CN CN201280013028.8A patent/CN103429772B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013060627A (ja) * | 2011-09-13 | 2013-04-04 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 焼付け塗装硬化性に優れたアルミニウム合金板 |
WO2014046010A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-19 | 2014-03-27 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 焼付け塗装硬化性に優れたアルミニウム合金板 |
JP2014058733A (ja) * | 2012-09-19 | 2014-04-03 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 焼付け塗装硬化性に優れたアルミニウム合金板 |
WO2014126073A1 (ja) * | 2013-02-13 | 2014-08-21 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 焼付け塗装硬化性に優れたアルミニウム合金板 |
JP2014152381A (ja) * | 2013-02-13 | 2014-08-25 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 焼付け塗装硬化性に優れたアルミニウム合金板 |
CN104981555B (zh) * | 2013-02-13 | 2017-07-14 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | 烘烤涂装硬化性优异的铝合金板 |
US10544492B2 (en) | 2013-02-13 | 2020-01-28 | Kobe Steel, Ltd. | Aluminum alloy sheet with excellent baking paint hardenability |
CN105518168A (zh) * | 2013-09-06 | 2016-04-20 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | 烘烤涂装硬化性优异的铝合金板 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103429772A (zh) | 2013-12-04 |
AU2012227455A1 (en) | 2013-09-05 |
US20140003993A1 (en) | 2014-01-02 |
JP2012193399A (ja) | 2012-10-11 |
CN103429772B (zh) | 2015-08-26 |
JP5746528B2 (ja) | 2015-07-08 |
KR20130130828A (ko) | 2013-12-02 |
EP2687616A1 (en) | 2014-01-22 |
US9399808B2 (en) | 2016-07-26 |
EP2687616A4 (en) | 2014-10-22 |
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