WO2012124330A1 - 水分計および体内水分計 - Google Patents
水分計および体内水分計 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012124330A1 WO2012124330A1 PCT/JP2012/001794 JP2012001794W WO2012124330A1 WO 2012124330 A1 WO2012124330 A1 WO 2012124330A1 JP 2012001794 W JP2012001794 W JP 2012001794W WO 2012124330 A1 WO2012124330 A1 WO 2012124330A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/48—Other medical applications
- A61B5/4869—Determining body composition
- A61B5/4875—Hydration status, fluid retention of the body
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/01—Measuring temperature of body parts ; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/053—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
- A61B5/0537—Measuring body composition by impedance, e.g. tissue hydration or fat content
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7271—Specific aspects of physiological measurement analysis
- A61B5/7275—Determining trends in physiological measurement data; Predicting development of a medical condition based on physiological measurements, e.g. determining a risk factor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/74—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means
- A61B5/742—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means using visual displays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H40/00—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices
- G16H40/40—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the management of medical equipment or devices, e.g. scheduling maintenance or upgrades
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H40/00—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices
- G16H40/60—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices
- G16H40/63—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices for local operation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
- G16H50/30—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for calculating health indices; for individual health risk assessment
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2560/00—Constructional details of operational features of apparatus; Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
- A61B2560/02—Operational features
- A61B2560/0242—Operational features adapted to measure environmental factors, e.g. temperature, pollution
- A61B2560/0247—Operational features adapted to measure environmental factors, e.g. temperature, pollution for compensation or correction of the measured physiological value
- A61B2560/0252—Operational features adapted to measure environmental factors, e.g. temperature, pollution for compensation or correction of the measured physiological value using ambient temperature
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
- A61B2562/029—Humidity sensors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/44—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the integumentary system, e.g. skin, hair or nails
- A61B5/441—Skin evaluation, e.g. for skin disorder diagnosis
- A61B5/443—Evaluating skin constituents, e.g. elastin, melanin, water
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/74—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means
- A61B5/746—Alarms related to a physiological condition, e.g. details of setting alarm thresholds or avoiding false alarms
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a moisture meter and an in-vivo moisture meter that measure the moisture of a living body while being held under the armpit of a subject.
- Dehydration in the living body is a condition in which water in the living body decreases, and it often develops on a daily basis, especially when exercising when a lot of water is discharged from the body due to sweating or rising body temperature, or when the temperature is high It is. In particular, it is said that elderly people are more likely to cause dehydration than ordinary healthy people because the water retention ability of the living body itself is often lowered.
- body temperature regulation is impaired when water in the body loses more than 2% of body weight.
- the body temperature regulation disorder causes an increase in body temperature. It falls into a vicious circle that causes a decrease in the number of people, and eventually it leads to a disease state called heat stroke.
- Heat stroke has pathological conditions such as heat convulsions, heat fatigue, and heat stroke, and sometimes systemic organ damage sometimes occurs. By accurately grasping dehydration symptoms, the risk of heat stroke can be avoided in advance. It is desirable to be able to do this.
- a device for grasping a dehydration symptom a device that measures the human body impedance using a device that holds the handle with both hands and calculates the amount of water therefrom is known (see Patent Documents 1 to 3).
- an oral moisture meter or the like for measuring moisture in the oral cavity such as the tongue mucosa, buccal mucosa or palate is known (see Patent Documents 4 to 6).
- skin moisture content measurement methods include in vitro weight method and Karl Fischer method, in vivo ATR spectroscopy, and more simple in vivo measurement method. High frequency impedance methods and electrical conductivity methods are generally used.
- JP 11-318845 A Japanese Patent No. 3977783 Japanese Patent No. 3699640 WO2004 / 028359 International Publication Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-170088 JP 2005-287547 A
- a moisture meter that measures the human body impedance with a device that holds the handle with both hands and calculates the amount of water from the human body impedance measures the impedance from the skin of the hand, so the humidity of the skin, the muscle mass of the arm, etc. It is easily affected, and for elderly people and people with physical disabilities, the device is large or has to be measured standing up, making it unusable.
- the bioelectrical impedance value falls, and when the body temperature falls, the bioelectrical impedance value rises.
- the bioelectrical impedance value that is, the amount of water also changes.
- the body moisture content is calculated from the bioelectric impedance value measured without taking into consideration that the bioelectric impedance value varies due to the body temperature variation in this way, an accurate body moisture content is obtained. Therefore, dehydration cannot be accurately detected. For example, when the body water content decreased and the body temperature increased, the bioelectrical impedance value increased due to the decrease in the body water content, but the bioelectrical impedance value decreased due to the increase in body temperature.
- the dehydration state may not be detected. For this reason, when measuring by the impedance method, it is necessary to know how much the body temperature of the person to be measured, but it is impossible to determine an accurate amount of water because the impedance value is corrected by measuring the body temperature or it generates heat. There are no warnings.
- an oral moisture meter that measures moisture in the oral cavity such as the mucous membrane of the tongue, buccal mucosa or palate is newly added to each part directly inserted into the oral cavity to prevent mutual infection between the subjects. It is necessary to wear a replaceable cover, and there is a possibility of forgetting to replace and wear the cover, which is inconvenient for elderly people and persons with physical disabilities.
- the dehydration state determination apparatus described in Japanese Patent No. 3977983 includes a body temperature sensor that measures body temperature with a thumb, corrects a measured value of bioelectrical impedance based on the body temperature, and corrects the corrected bioelectrical impedance value.
- the dehydration state is determined based on the bioelectrical impedance value in consideration of the body temperature, such as determining the dehydration state based on the dehydration state, the dehydration state is more accurately determined, and the subject is dehydrated Can be accurately inspected.
- the body temperature is measured with the thumb, but it is impossible to measure the body temperature with the thumb, which is not a practical method.
- dehydration is judged by several methods. For example, findings indicating dehydration based on blood collection data are determined based on hematocrit high, sodium high, urea nitrogen 25 mg / dl or higher, urea nitrogen / creatinine ratio 25 or higher, uric acid 7 mg / dl or higher, and the like.
- this method requires blood collection and cannot be used at home.
- examples of a measurement site that can be easily measured by a third party (measurer) other than the subject and are suitable for measuring the amount of moisture in the body include, for example, skin of the axilla.
- a subject having a deep axilla such as an elderly person, it is not always easy to accurately press the sensor unit of the moisture meter in the body against the axilla.
- the in-vivo moisture meter having an axilla as a measurement site has a structure that can be easily measured by the measurer regardless of the subject (its physical characteristics).
- examples of a measurement site that can be easily measured by a third party (measurer) other than the subject and are suitable for measuring the amount of moisture in the body include, for example, skin of the axilla.
- a thermometer When measuring the amount of water in the body in the axilla, it is desirable that operability such as a thermometer is provided, and it is possible to determine whether or not there is a tendency to dehydrate as easily as measuring the temperature with a thermometer.
- the body temperature is fixed as a boundary of whether or not around 37 degrees is normal, and the user who measures the body temperature intuitively makes a rough judgment as to whether or not the temperature is around 37 degrees. Can do.
- a first object of the present invention is to provide a moisture meter that can detect the risk of heat stroke at an early stage and is effective as a support means for a subject to perform appropriate moisture regulation.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide a structure that is easy to measure in a body moisture meter having an axilla as a measurement site.
- a third object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily determine whether or not a dehydration state is obtained in an in-vivo moisture meter having an axilla as a measurement site.
- the moisture meter of the present invention is a moisture meter for measuring the moisture content of a subject, and is held by the subject's armpit and brought into contact with the skin surface of the armpit so as to contact the subject's skin surface.
- a moisture measuring unit that measures the temperature and humidity of the subject's environment, a moisture content of the subject obtained from the moisture measuring unit, and the temperature from the sensor unit and the temperature
- WBGT wet bulb black bulb temperature
- WBGT wet bulb black bulb temperature
- the wet bulb black bulb temperature (WBGT) value is set from the relationship between the moisture content of the subject, which is the moisture intake state of the subject, and the temperature and humidity of the environment indicating the external environment, and the moisture content of the subject Since the heat stroke risk index (the degree of heat stroke risk) is determined by referring to the relationship table between the temperature and the wet bulb black bulb temperature (WBGT) value, the subject can detect the risk of heat stroke at an early stage. The examiner can perform proper moisture adjustment.
- the main body part is disposed at one end of the main body part, and the measurement unit is held at the other end of the main body part and held at the other end of the main body part.
- a display unit holding unit that holds a display unit that displays the moisture content of the subject and the heat stroke risk index, and the sensor unit is connected to the other end of the main body unit via an electrical wiring. It is connected.
- the main body part is disposed at one end of the main body part, and the measurement unit is held at the other end of the main body part and held at the other end of the main body part.
- a display unit holding unit that holds a display unit that displays the moisture content of the subject and the heat stroke risk index, and the sensor unit is provided directly on the other end of the main body unit. It is characterized by that. According to the above configuration, since the sensor unit is directly provided on the other end of the main body unit away from the holding unit of the measurement unit, the sensor unit is positioned as far as possible from the body of the subject. The temperature and humidity of the environment can be measured without being affected by body temperature.
- the holding unit of the measurement unit includes a body temperature measurement unit that measures the body temperature of the subject.
- a body temperature measurement unit that measures the body temperature of the subject.
- the display unit is configured to display the subject's body temperature and the wet bulb black bulb temperature (WBGT) value in addition to the subject's water content and the heat stroke risk index. It is characterized by. According to the above configuration, the subject simply looks at the display unit, and in addition to the subject's water content and heat stroke risk index, the subject's body temperature and wet bulb black bulb temperature (WBGT) value It can be confirmed visually.
- WBGT wet bulb black bulb temperature
- the moisture meter in the body a main body portion formed in a linear shape, a sensor unit for measuring data on moisture in the living body by contacting the body surface of the subject, and a tip surface
- the sensor unit is slidably held in a direction substantially orthogonal to the tip surface, and a signal instructing the sensor unit to start measurement is output by detecting the slide of the sensor unit.
- the distal end surface of the housing of the insertion portion is formed such that an angle formed between a major axis direction of the main body portion and a sliding direction of the sensor portion is about 20 ° to 45 °. And is formed so as to be along the sliding direction in the vicinity of the front end surface.
- the lower surface of the housing of the insertion portion is formed to be curved toward the distal end surface.
- the length of the insertion portion is defined so that a distance from a boundary position between the main body portion and the insertion portion to the sensor portion is 40 to 90 mm.
- the insertion portion is configured to have a cross-sectional area that decreases toward the distal end surface.
- the present invention is a moisture meter in the body, and a sensor unit that outputs a signal related to the amount of moisture in the living body by contacting the body surface of the subject's axilla, and the signal from the sensor unit is a moisture content in the body
- the conversion means for converting into the amount the display means for displaying the amount of water in the body obtained by the conversion means, and the amount of water in the body obtained by the conversion means are lower than the first reference value, be careful of the user.
- Change means for changing the display form of the display means to prompt the display, and the first reference value is 100% of a signal output when the sensor unit measures water and air, respectively. And a value corresponding to a predetermined value between 25% and 40% when the signal output from the sensor unit and the moisture content in the body are associated with a linear relationship.
- the predetermined value is 35%.
- the change means changes the display form by the display means to another form when the body water content obtained by the conversion means is lower than a second reference value, and the second means
- the reference value is a value smaller than the predetermined value.
- the second reference value is 25%.
- the conversion means assigns a signal output when the sensor unit measures water and air when the sensor unit measures water to 100% and 0% moisture, respectively, and outputs the signal and moisture output from the sensor unit. Is a value corresponding to a predetermined value between 35% and 25% in the case of being associated with a linear relationship.
- the present invention is also a body moisture meter, and is a display control method for a body moisture meter having a sensor unit that outputs a signal related to the amount of moisture in a living body by contacting the body surface of an axilla of a subject.
- a conversion step for converting a signal from the sensor unit into a body water amount a display step for displaying the body water amount obtained in the conversion step on a display unit, and a body water amount obtained in the conversion step.
- a signal output when measuring time and air is assigned to 100% and 0% of the body water content, respectively, and the signal output from the sensor unit and the body water content are associated with a linear relationship from 25% to 40%. % Corresponding to a predetermined value between And wherein the Rukoto.
- the block diagram which shows the function structure of the moisture meter shown in FIG. The figure which shows the structural example of the electrode part of the moisture measurement part of an impedance type.
- the vertical axis shows air temperature (° C.) (dry bulb temperature), the horizontal axis shows relative humidity (%), and a diagram showing an example of a relationship table between WBGT value (WBGT temperature), air temperature, and relative humidity.
- FIGS. 1-3 The figure which shows the example of the heat stroke risk judgment table referred when obtaining the risk parameter
- the flowchart which shows the usage example of a moisture meter.
- the block diagram which shows the function structure of the moisture meter shown in FIG.
- the figure for demonstrating the usage condition of the moisture meter in a body The figure which shows the function structure of the moisture meter in a body. The figure for demonstrating the measurement circuit of the moisture meter in a body. The figure for demonstrating operation
- FIG. 1 shows a state in which a subject is using the first embodiment of the moisture meter of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of the external structure of the moisture meter shown in FIG.
- FIG. 2A shows a front portion of the moisture meter 1
- FIG. 2B shows an upper surface portion of the moisture meter 1.
- the moisture meter 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is also referred to as an electronic moisture meter or an armpit type electronic moisture meter, and the moisture meter 1 is a small and portable moisture meter.
- the moisture meter 1 generally includes a main body portion 10, a measurement portion holding portion 11, and a display portion holding portion 12. As shown in FIG. 1, it is made lightweight so that the subject (measurer) M does not fall even if it is sandwiched between the armpits R.
- the holding unit 11 of the measurement unit is provided on one end side of the main body unit 10, and the holding unit 12 of the display unit is provided on the other end side of the main body unit 10.
- the main body 10 is made of plastic, for example.
- a substantially intermediate portion of the main body 10 is formed in a shape that makes it easy for the subject M in FIG.
- the main body 10 includes a first curved front portion 10A that is loosely curved inward, an opposite second curved back portion 10B that is loosely curved inward, and an upper curved side surface that is gently curved inward. It has a portion 10C and a lower linear side surface portion 10D.
- the main body 10 is formed in such a characteristic shape because the subject M holds or holds the main body 10 by hand, and the holding unit 11 of the measuring unit of the moisture meter 1 is shown in FIG. This is because it can be securely held by being sandwiched between the lower Rs.
- using the moisture meter 1 to select the armpit R as a living body part where the water content of the subject M can be appropriately measured and measuring the water content of the living body of the subject M is as follows. Because of the reason. That is, the reason why the amount of water is measured with the armpit R is that it reflects the water state of the whole body of the subject M.
- the holding unit 11 of the measuring unit of the moisture meter 1 can be easily sandwiched and securely held.
- the holding unit 11 of the measuring unit of the moisture meter 1 has a circular outer peripheral part 11D, one convex part 11C, and the other convex part 11C. If the holding part 11 of the measuring part is held by pressing the upper part with the upper arm K while holding the holding part 11 of the measuring part using the two convex parts 11C on the armpit R of the person M, the living body of the subject M The amount of water and body temperature can be measured stably.
- One convex part 11C is formed on the front side of the holding part 11 of the measuring part, and the other convex part 11C is formed on the back side of the holding part 11 of the measuring part. As shown in FIG.
- the main body unit 10 in a state where the holding unit 11 of the measuring unit of the moisture meter 1 is held by the armpit R, the main body unit 10 is in close contact with the side surface portion of the upper body B of the subject, whereby the moisture meter 1 can be more reliably held on the upper body B side of the subject M.
- the holding unit 12 of the display unit can be held almost horizontally toward the front D of the subject M.
- the distance between the holding unit 11 of the measuring unit and the holding unit 12 of the display unit, that is, the length to be secured by the main body unit 10 is when the subject M holds the measuring unit holding unit 11 between the armpits R
- the display unit 20 in the holding unit 12 of the display unit is set so as to come to a position outside the armpit R (a position not sandwiched between the body part of the subject M and the upper arm K).
- the holding unit 12 of the display unit shown in FIG. 2 has a rectangular cross section, and for example, a rectangular display unit 20 is arranged on the front side of the holding unit 12 of the display unit.
- a rectangular display unit 20 is arranged on the front side of the holding unit 12 of the display unit.
- the display unit 20 for example, a liquid crystal display device, an organic EL device, or the like can be adopted.
- a speaker 29 and a buzzer 28 are disposed as a sound generation unit on the front side of the display unit holding unit 12 and beside the display unit 20.
- the display unit 20, the speaker 29, and the buzzer 28 are arranged on the front side of the holding unit 12 of the display unit, the display unit 20, the speaker 29, and the buzzer 28 are positioned in the armpit R.
- the subject M can surely visually confirm information such as the amount of water and body temperature displayed on the display unit 20, can hear voice guidance and the like generated from the speaker 29, and the buzzer 28 Can generate sound for necessary alarms.
- the buzzer 28 can be arbitrarily provided, and the buzzer 28 may not be provided.
- the display unit 20 includes, for example, a water content (%) display screen (hereinafter referred to as a water content display screen) 21 and a body temperature (° C.) display screen (hereinafter referred to as a body temperature display). (Referred to as a screen) 22, a WBGT index display section (degrees or degrees Celsius) 23, and a heat stroke risk index display section 24, which will be described later.
- the WBGT index (wet-bulb temperature: wet bulb black bulb temperature (unit: ° C.)) is also referred to as a WBGT value, and this WBGT index will be described later.
- a WBGT value wet-bulb temperature: wet bulb black bulb temperature (unit: ° C.
- the moisture content display screen 21 of the display unit 20 can display, for example, a moisture content value of 41% or the like by a relatively large digital display.
- the body temperature display screen 22 can display the body temperature (° C.) of the subject by the digital display of the body temperature displayed smaller than the digital display of the water content.
- the WBGT indicator display unit 23 can perform digital display as large as the water content display screen 21, and the heat stroke risk display unit 24 displays a heat stroke risk index (degree of heat stroke risk), for example, in three stages. , “Small”, “medium”, “large”, and the like can be displayed.
- a sensor unit 27 for measuring a WBGT index (value) is connected to the end 25 of the holding unit 12 of the display unit of the main body unit 10 by using an electrical wiring 26.
- the sensor unit 27 includes a thermometer 27A and a hygrometer 27B.
- the holding unit 11 of the measuring unit of the moisture meter 1 holds a so-called bioelectrical impedance type (hereinafter referred to as impedance type) moisture measuring unit 30 and a body temperature measuring unit 31. It is preferable to provide anti-slip means on the surface of the holding part 11 of the measurement part by providing irregularities by, for example, dimple processing. Thereby, when the subject M sandwiches the holding unit 11 of the measuring unit in the armpit R, the subject M has a shape that can reliably and stably clamp the holding unit 11 of the measuring unit of the moisture meter 1, and has a heat capacity. It is possible to reduce the thermal equilibrium state early.
- impedance type bioelectrical impedance type
- the impedance-type moisture measuring unit 30 shown in FIG. 2 is a part that measures the moisture content of the living body of the subject M using the bioelectrical impedance in the armpit R of the subject shown in FIG.
- the first measurement current supply electrode portion 30 ⁇ / b> A and the first potential measurement electrode portion 100 ⁇ / b> A are preferably provided on one convex portion 11 ⁇ / b> C of the measurement unit holding unit 11.
- a second measurement current supply electrode part 30B and a second potential measurement electrode part 100B are arranged.
- FIG. 1 the first measurement current supply electrode portion 30 ⁇ / b> A and the first potential measurement electrode portion 100 ⁇ / b> A are preferably provided on one convex portion 11 ⁇ / b> C of the measurement unit holding unit 11.
- a second measurement current supply electrode part 30B and a second potential measurement electrode part 100B are arranged.
- the first measuring current supply electrode unit 30 ⁇ / b> A and the first potential measuring electrode unit 100A is in close contact with the skin surface V on the side surface side of the upper body B
- the second measurement current supply electrode portion 30B and the second potential measurement electrode portion 100B are the skin surface on the inner surface side of the upper arm K. It comes in close contact with V.
- the electrode part 100B for use measures the moisture content of the subject M by being able to make direct contact with the skin surface V of the armpit R without fail.
- An example of the structure of the first measurement current supply electrode portion 30A, the second measurement current supply electrode portion 30B, the first potential measurement electrode portion 100A, and the second potential measurement electrode portion 100B Will be described later with reference to FIG.
- the body temperature measuring unit 31 is adapted to detect the body temperature by contacting the armpit R of the subject M shown in FIG. 1, and the body temperature measuring unit 31 has, for example, a thermistor or a thermocouple. Can be adopted. For example, a temperature signal detected by a thermistor is converted into a digital signal and output.
- the thermistor is liquid-tightly protected by, for example, a stainless metal cap.
- the moisture measurement unit 30 measures the moisture content of the subject, and the body temperature of the subject M can be measured simultaneously using the body temperature measurement unit 31.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of the moisture meter 1 shown in FIG.
- the main body unit 10 includes a control unit 40, a power supply unit 41, a timer 42, a display unit driving unit 43, an arithmetic processing unit (processing unit) 44, and a ROM (read only memory) 45. , EEPROM (PROM capable of electrically erasing and rewriting program contents) 46, and RAM (random access memory) 47.
- the impedance type moisture measuring unit 30 and the body temperature measuring unit 31 are arranged in the holding unit 11 of the measuring unit, and the display unit 20, the speaker 29, and the buzzer 28 are arranged in the holding unit 12 of the display unit.
- the power supply unit 41 in FIG. 3 is a rechargeable secondary battery or a primary battery, and supplies power to the control unit 40, the impedance type moisture measurement unit 30, and the temperature measurement unit 31.
- the control unit 40 is electrically connected to the power switch 10S, the impedance-type moisture measurement unit 30, the temperature measurement unit 31, the timer 42, the display unit drive unit 43, and the arithmetic processing unit 44.
- the unit 40 controls the overall operation of the moisture meter 1.
- the thermometer 27A and the hygrometer 27B of the sensor unit 27 are electrically connected to the control unit 40, respectively.
- the display unit 20 in FIG. 3 is electrically connected to the drive unit 43 of the display unit, and the display unit drive unit 43 is illustrated in FIG.
- a water content (%) display screen (hereinafter referred to as a water content display screen) 21 in a living body of a subject
- a body temperature (° C.) display screen (hereinafter referred to as a body temperature display screen) 22
- a description will be given later.
- a WBGT index display unit (degree) 23 and a heat stroke risk display unit 24 are displayed.
- the arithmetic processing unit 44 in FIG. 3 is electrically connected to the speaker 29, the buzzer 28, the ROM 45, the EEPROM 46, and the RAM 47.
- the cell tissue of the human body is composed of a large number of cells, and each cell exists in an environment filled with extracellular fluid.
- the low-frequency alternating current flows mainly through the extracellular fluid region, and when the current is a high-frequency alternating current, it flows through the extracellular fluid region and inside the cell.
- the electrical impedance value of the extracellular fluid region consists only of a resistance component
- the electrical impedance value of the cell consists of a capacitance component exhibited by the cell membrane and a resistance component exhibited by the intracellular fluid. It will be connected in series.
- the electrical characteristics of the living body (body) of the subject M vary significantly depending on the type of tissue or organ. Such electrical characteristics of the entire body including each tissue and organ can be expressed by bioelectric impedance.
- This bioelectrical impedance value is measured by passing a minute current between a plurality of electrodes mounted on the body surface of the subject, and the bioelectrical impedance value thus obtained is
- the body fat percentage, body fat weight, lean body weight, body water content, etc. of the examiner can be estimated (Non-patent document 1: “Estimation of water distribution of limbs by impedance method and its application”, Medical Electronics Bioengineering, vol. 23, No. 6, 1985).
- a method for estimating the amount of water in a living body by calculating the extracellular fluid resistance and the intracellular fluid resistance is known.
- the bioelectrical impedance value indicates a low value when the amount of water in the living body is large, and the bioelectrical impedance value indicates a high value when the amount of water in the living body is small.
- Methods for estimating by calculating the resistance are known.
- the impedance-type moisture measuring unit 30 illustrated in FIG. 3 is a device that measures a bioelectrical impedance value by applying an alternating current to the living body of the subject M.
- the impedance type moisture measuring section 30 shown in FIG. 3 includes a first measurement current supply electrode section 30A, a second measurement current supply electrode section 30B, a first potential measurement electrode section 100A, and a first measurement current supply electrode section 30A. 2 has an electrode portion 100B for potential measurement, an alternating current output circuit 101, two differential amplifiers 102 and 103, a switch 104, an A / D converter 105, and a reference resistor 106.
- the first measurement current supply electrode section 30A, the second measurement current supply electrode section 30B, the first potential measurement electrode section 100A, and the second potential measurement electrode section 100B are, for example, illustrated in FIG. 2 is exposed to the outside in the holding unit 11 of the measurement unit shown in FIG. Thereby, these four electrode parts 30A, 30B, 100A, 100B can be brought into direct contact with the skin surface of the armpit R of the subject M shown in FIG.
- the AC current output circuit 101 in FIG. 3 is electrically connected to the control unit 40, the first measurement current supply electrode unit 30A, and the second measurement current supply electrode unit 30B.
- a reference resistor 106 is disposed between the first measurement current supply electrode portions 30A.
- the differential amplifier 102 is connected to both ends of the reference resistor 106.
- the other differential amplifier 103 is electrically connected to the first potential measuring electrode portion 100A and the second potential measuring electrode portion 100B.
- the two differential amplifiers 102 and 103 are electrically connected to the control unit 49 via the switch 104 and the A / D converter 105.
- the AC power supply output circuit 101 is connected to the first measurement current supply electrode unit 30 ⁇ / b> A via the reference resistor 106.
- An alternating measurement current is supplied to the second measurement current supply electrode section 30B.
- One differential amplifier 102 detects a potential difference between both ends of the reference resistor 106.
- the other differential amplifier 103 detects the potential difference between the electrode portions 100A and 100B for potential measurement.
- the switch 104 selects one of the potential difference outputs from the differential amplifiers 102 and 103 and sends it to the A / D converter 105.
- the A / D converter 105 analogizes the potential difference outputs of the differential amplifiers 102 and 103. / Digitally converted and supplied to the control unit 40.
- the first measurement current supply electrode portion 30 ⁇ / b> A, the second measurement current supply electrode portion 30 ⁇ / b> B of the impedance-type moisture measurement unit 30, and the first potential measurement are performed.
- An example of the structure of the electrode part 100A for the first electrode and the electrode part 100B for the second potential measurement will be described.
- the structure of the electrode part 30A for supplying the first measurement current, the electrode part 30B for supplying the second measurement current, the electrode part 100A for measuring the first potential, and the electrode part 100B for measuring the second potential. Can adopt the same.
- the skin surface V and the moisture W present on the skin surface V are shown.
- This structure has an electrode terminal 70, a semicircular plate-like elastic deformation member 71, and an electrode terminal guide portion 72.
- the electrode terminal 70 having conductivity is connected to the electrical wiring 74, one end of the elastic deformation member 71 is fixed to the bottom of the electrode terminal 70, and the other end of the elastic deformation member 71 is held by the measurement unit in FIG. It is fixed to a fixed part 75 in the part 11.
- the electrode terminal guide 72 has a cylindrical portion 73, and the lower portion of the electrode terminal 70 is inserted into the cylindrical portion 73.
- the electrode terminal 70 when the tip of the electrode terminal 70 is pressed against the skin surface V in the direction of the arrow G, the electrode terminal 70 is pressed in the direction of the arrow H against the elastic force of the elastic deformation member 71.
- the tip of the terminal 70 can be reliably brought into contact with the skin surface V without being separated.
- the structure of each electrode part described above can be arbitrarily selected in addition to the structure shown in FIG.
- the body temperature of subject M is determined together with the water content of subject M in FIG. It is desirable to measure. It will be described with reference to FIG. 5 that, for example, as a symptom example of the subject, the following can be determined from the correlation between the water content of the subject M and the body temperature of the subject M.
- FIG. 5 An example of the correlation between the water content of the living body of the subject M and the body temperature of the living body of the subject M shown in FIG.
- the subject when the water amount is low, the subject is mildly dehydrated if the body temperature is normal, and when the water amount is normal, the subject is in a healthy state if the body temperature is normal. It is. On the other hand, if the body temperature is high when the amount of water is low, the subject is severely dehydrated. If the body temperature is high when the body temperature is normal, the subject is not dehydrated except for a cold. It can be said that this is a disease.
- the moisture meter 1 of the embodiment of the present invention can The measurement of the amount of water and the measurement of body temperature in the lower R are important.
- WBGT index As already described, heat stroke occurs when dehydration progresses.
- WBGT value the WBGT index (WBGT value) described above will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 shows the temperature (° C.) (dry bulb temperature) on the vertical axis, the relative humidity (%) on the horizontal axis, and an example of the relationship between the WBGT value (WBGT temperature), the temperature, and the relative humidity.
- WBGT value table 180 Japanese Society of Biometeorology “Guidelines for preventing heat stroke in daily life” Ver. 1 Sourced from 2008.4. In the WBGT value table 180 shown in FIG.
- the WBGT value is 31 degrees or more, the degree of heat stroke risk is “danger”, and if it is 28 degrees to 31 degrees, the degree of heat stroke risk is “strict warning”. If it is 25 to 28 degrees, the degree of heat stroke risk is “warning”, and if it is less than 25 degrees, the degree of heat stroke risk is “caution”. In FIG. 6, for example, if the temperature is 30 ° C. and the relative humidity is 90%, the WBGT value is 32 ° C. (also called 32 degrees), indicating that the degree of heat stroke risk is “dangerous”. Yes.
- the WBGT index (WBGT value) shown in FIG. 6 is a simple index for evaluating thermal stress due to the hot environment that the worker receives in the work environment.
- a WBGT value table 180 shown in FIG. 6 is stored, for example, in the EEPROM 46 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 shows a heat stroke risk determination table 200 used for determining a heat stroke risk index in the moisture meter 1 of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
- the heat stroke risk determination table 200 shown in FIG. 7 is stored, for example, in the EEPROM 46 shown in FIG.
- the vertical axis of the heat stroke risk determination table 200 in FIG. 7 shows an example of the classification of the water amount
- the horizontal axis shows an example of the classification of the WBGT value.
- the vertical axis of the heat stroke risk determination table 200 is divided into three in the water amount classification example, for example, the water amount is 0% to 30%, 31% to 40%, and 41% or more.
- the degree of heat stroke risk is “danger: stop exercise”, and if it is 28 degrees to 31 degrees, the degree of heat stroke risk is “Severe vigilance”, the degree of heat stroke risk is “warning” if it is 25 to 28 degrees, and “caution” if it is 21 to 25 degrees, and heat stroke if it is less than 21 degrees
- the degree of risk is categorized as “almost safe”.
- RH indicates that the degree of heat stroke risk is “high”
- RM indicates that the degree of heat stroke risk is “medium”
- RM indicates heat stroke. This indicates that the degree of risk is “low” and is classified into three categories.
- the EEPROM 46 shown in FIG. 3 stores the WBGT value table 180 shown in FIG. 6, the heat stroke risk determination table 200 shown in FIG. 7, and other predetermined audio data.
- the ROM 45 shown in FIG. 3 has the moisture amount data obtained from the impedance value measured by the impedance-type moisture measuring unit 30 based on the timing measured by the timer 42 and the body temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit 31.
- a program for predicting and calculating the water content and body temperature of the subject is stored based on the time variation of the water content data and body temperature data calculated from the data.
- the ROM 45 stores the WBGT index from the WBGT value table 180 shown in FIG. 6 based on the temperature obtained by the thermometer 27A of the sensor unit 27 shown in FIG.
- the RAM 47 shown in FIG. 3 can store the calculated water content data and body temperature data in time series. Further, as described above, the RAM 47 can store the obtained moisture content of the subject and the WBGT index (WBGT value).
- An arithmetic processing unit 44 as a processing unit in FIG. 3 predicts and calculates the moisture content and body temperature of the subject according to a program stored in the ROM 45.
- the arithmetic processing unit 44 calculates a WBGT index (WBGT value) from the WBGT value table 180 shown in FIG. 6 based on the temperature obtained by the thermometer 27A of the sensor unit 27 and the relative humidity obtained by the hygrometer 27B of the sensor unit 27. Identify.
- the arithmetic processing unit 44 refers to the heat stroke risk determination table 200 shown in FIG. 7 for the obtained subject's water content and the WBGT index (WBGT value), thereby determining the heat stroke risk levels RH, RM, and RL. Identify. Further, the arithmetic processing unit 44 performs operations such as outputting sound data to the speaker 29 and sounding the buzzer 28.
- step S0 of FIG. 8 when the subject turns on the power switch 10S shown in FIG. 3 and sends an on signal to the control unit 40, the moisture meter 1 becomes ready for measurement.
- step S1 of FIG. 8 the control unit 40 of FIG. 3 initializes the WBGT value previously calculated in the calculation processing unit 44, and the calculation processing unit 44 detects the temperature obtained by the thermometer 27A of the sensor unit 27. Based on the relative humidity obtained from the hygrometer 27B of the sensor unit 27, the WBGT index (WBGT value) is calculated and specified from the WBGT value table 180 shown in FIG.
- step S2 as shown in FIG. 1, the subject M sandwiches the holding unit 11 of the measuring unit of the moisture meter 1 with respect to the armpit R using the two convex portions 11C of FIG. .
- the moisture meter 1 is more reliably secured by the main body 10 being in close contact with the side surface portion of the upper body B of the subject.
- the holding unit 12 of the display unit can be positioned substantially horizontally toward the front D of the subject M.
- the distance between the holding unit 11 of the measurement unit and the holding unit 12 of the display unit is such that when the subject M sandwiches the holding unit 11 of the measurement unit with the armpit R, the display unit 20 has the armpit R Therefore, the subject M can easily perform the digital display 24 of the moisture content and the digital display 25 of the body temperature on the display unit 20 of the display unit holding unit 12. Visible.
- the subject M can hear, for example, voice guidance generated by the speaker 29, an alarm sound generated by the buzzer 28, and the like.
- step S3 of FIG. 8 when the holding unit 11 of the measuring unit of the moisture meter 1 is held in the armpit R as shown in FIG. 1, the arithmetic processing unit 44 of FIG. Based on the timing signal from the timer 42, the moisture amount data signal P1 measured by the moisture measuring unit 30 and the body temperature data signal P2 measured by the temperature measuring unit 31 are captured at a predetermined sampling timing.
- the first measurement current supply for contact with the armpit R of the subject M is used.
- the alternating current is applied from the alternating current output circuit 101 to the subject M through the electrode portion 30A and the second measurement current supply electrode portion 30B.
- the first potential measurement electrode portion 100A and the second potential measurement electrode portion 100B that are in contact with the subject's armpit R have two potential differences at the subject armpit R.
- This potential difference is supplied to the other differential amplifier 103, and the other differential amplifier 103 outputs a potential difference signal between two points of the subject M to the switch 104 side.
- One differential amplifier 102 in FIG. 3 outputs the potential difference signal of the reference resistor 106 to the switch 104 side.
- the control unit 40 switches the switch 104, the potential difference signal from one differential amplifier 102 and the potential difference signal from the other differential amplifier 103 are analog / digital converted by the A / D converter 105, and the control unit The control unit 40 obtains a bioelectrical impedance value based on the digital signal.
- the control unit 40 calculates water content data P1 from the obtained bioelectrical impedance value.
- the moisture amount data P1 is sent from the control unit 40 to the arithmetic processing unit 44.
- step S4 of FIG. 8 the arithmetic processing unit 44 is based on the water content data P1 and the body temperature data P2 measured by the temperature measurement unit 31 and based on the temporal changes in the water content data and the body temperature data of the subject.
- the moisture content and body temperature of the subject M can be predicted and calculated.
- step S5 the arithmetic processing unit 44 determines that the degree of heat stroke risk is high based on the heat amount risk determination table 200 shown in FIG. RM or low RL.
- step S6 of FIG. 8 when the arithmetic processing unit 44 of FIG. 3 obtains the value of the moisture content of the subject M and the degree of heat stroke risk, the control unit 40 causes the display unit drive unit 43 to As shown in FIG. 2A, the display unit 20 gives a command, and the calculated water content value (for example, 41%) of the subject M and the body temperature value (for example, 36.5 ° C.).
- the WBGT index (WBGT value) for example, 26 degrees
- the degree of heat stroke risk for example, medium: RM
- the degree of heat stroke risk and the amount of water can be notified to the subject by the speaker 29.
- step S7 when the subject M ends the measurement with the moisture meter 1, the power switch 10S in FIG. 3 is turned off in step S8. However, if the measurement by the moisture meter 1 is not completed, the process returns to step S3 and the processes of steps S3 to S7 are repeated again.
- the moisture meter 1 has a structure that can be measured by the armpit R that can appropriately measure the moisture content of the subject M.
- the arithmetic processing unit 44 obtains the moisture content data and body temperature of the subject obtained from the moisture content data P1 and the body temperature data P2 measured by the temperature measurement unit 31. Based on the time change of the data, it is possible to predict and calculate the water content and body temperature of the subject. As a result, it is effective as a means of supporting proper water control for infants and the elderly, who are difficult to drink properly due to thirst, or during intense exercise, as well as water control that is extremely important for maintaining health in daily life. .
- the measurement of the armpit R as the part of the living body that can appropriately measure the moisture content of the subject M is to measure the moisture content with the armpit R. This is because the state is reflected.
- the skin of elderly people is easy to dry, and there are many variations among people.
- the armpit R is preferable because it has less influence from the outside as compared with other parts, and thus has little variation in measurement. Even an elderly person who is thin can hold the holding unit 11 of the measuring unit of the moisture meter 1 by being securely sandwiched in the armpit R between the body and the upper arm. Further, even if the subject is an infant, if the armpit is R, the holding unit 11 of the measuring unit can be easily sandwiched and securely held.
- the moisture measuring unit 30 has a structure that secures the middle of the armpits R, thereby increasing the measurement accuracy.
- the moisture meter 1 of the embodiment of the present invention preferably has a structure that can also measure the body temperature in the armpit R at the same time when appropriately measuring the moisture content of the subject M as described above.
- the medical staff or caregiver puts the holding unit 11 of the measuring unit of the moisture meter 1 on the armpit R of the subject M as compared with the case of measuring moisture from the oral cavity or the like. Since it is only held between them, the moisture content of the subject M can be easily measured.
- the body temperature is a normal value when the water content is low, based on the relationship between the water content of the living body of the subject M displayed on the display unit 20 and the body temperature of the living body of the subject M.
- the subject is mildly dehydrated, and when the water content is normal, the subject is in a healthy state if the body temperature is normal.
- the display unit 20 of the moisture meter 1 facilitates the degree of heat stroke risk from the relationship between the water content of the subject obtained as described above and the WBGT value, as illustrated in FIG.
- the moisture meter 1 can detect the risk of heatstroke more precisely at an early stage by grasping the water intake status of the subject and the external environment, and the subject It can be effectively used as a support means for appropriate moisture control.
- the sensor unit 27 is directly provided at the other end of the main body unit away from the holding unit of the measurement unit, the sensor unit 27 is at a position as far as possible from the body of the subject and is adjusted to the body temperature of the subject.
- the temperature and humidity of the environment can be measured without being affected.
- a temperature display unit 330 formed of temperature-sensitive ink is formed on the holding unit 12 of the display unit.
- the temperature display unit 330 can roughly display the environmental temperature by using dot display units 331 having different colors.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration of still another embodiment of the moisture meter.
- the parts denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 3 have the same structure, and in this embodiment, the configuration of the moisture measuring unit 30 uses capacitance as shown in FIG. 12.
- the structure in which the sensor unit 27 is electrically connected to the control unit 40 is the same.
- the moisture measuring unit 30 shown in FIG. 11 has the configuration shown in FIG.
- the moisture measuring unit 30 includes a container unit 60 and two electrodes 61 and 62.
- the container 60 has a resin-made peripheral portion 63 and a lid portion 64, and the two electrodes 61 and 62 are exposed to the outside from the lid portion 64 in a state of being electrically insulated from each other while being separated from the lid portion 64. It is arranged like that.
- the capacitance of the living body of the subject M is measured by the two electrodes 61 and 62 coming into contact with the skin of the armpit R and the moisture W on the skin, and the dielectric changes according to the moisture content.
- the amount of water is measured from the amount of change in rate.
- the moisture amount data signal P1 from the two electrodes 61 and 62 is sent to the control unit 40, and the arithmetic processing unit 44 calculates the moisture amount based on the moisture amount data signal P2.
- the moisture measuring unit 30 detects the capacitance using the plurality of electrodes 61 and 62 and measures the moisture content based on the amount of change in the dielectric constant that changes according to the moisture content.
- the water content and body temperature of the subject are predicted and calculated. Therefore, in the case of measurement using capacitance, it is only necessary to provide two electrodes that are insulated from each other. As in the impedance type, an electrode part for supplying a measurement current and an electrode part for measuring a potential are provided. There is no need to provide a pair, which is convenient.
- the moisture meter according to the embodiment of the present invention can detect the risk of heat stroke more precisely by grasping the moisture intake situation of the subject and the external environment, and the subject can perform appropriate moisture regulation.
- An effective moisture meter can be provided as a support means for carrying out. That is, the moisture meter of the embodiment of the present invention calculates the wet bulb black bulb temperature (WBGT) value from the relationship between the moisture content of the subject, which is the moisture intake state of the subject, and the temperature and humidity of the environment indicating the external environment. Since the degree of risk of heat stroke is determined by referring to the relationship table between the water content of the subject and the wet bulb black bulb temperature (WBGT) value, the risk of heat stroke is detected at an early stage. Is effective as a support means that can perform proper moisture control.
- WBGT wet bulb black bulb temperature
- the electric moisture measuring unit in the embodiment of the present invention can be used by selecting either the impedance type or the capacitance type.
- the impedance type Generally, it is known that there are two types of sweat glands: apocrine glands and eccrine glands. In humans, eccrine glands are distributed throughout the body, but apocrine glands are present only in limited areas such as the armpit, ear canal, lower abdomen, and vulva.
- the moisture meter selecting the armpit as a part of the living body that can appropriately measure the moisture content of the subject, and measuring the moisture content of the subject's living body, the moisture content is measured for the above reason. This is because the measurement under the armpit most reflects the water state of the whole body of the subject.
- the bioelectrical impedance value falls, and when the body temperature falls, the bioelectrical impedance value rises.
- the bioelectrical impedance value that is, the amount of water also changes.
- the body moisture content is calculated from the bioelectric impedance value measured without taking into consideration that the bioelectric impedance value varies due to the body temperature variation in this way, an accurate body moisture content is obtained. Therefore, dehydration cannot be accurately detected. For example, when the body water content decreased and the body temperature increased, the bioelectrical impedance value increased due to the decrease in the body water content, but the bioelectrical impedance value decreased due to the increase in body temperature.
- the heat stroke risk display unit 24 of the display unit 20 shown in FIG. 2 displays the heat stroke risk index (the degree of heat stroke risk) as, for example, three-level display, “small”, “medium”, “large”, or the like. However, the display is not limited to this, and can be displayed in two stages “small”, “large”, or four or more stages.
- a so-called bioelectrical impedance type (hereinafter referred to as impedance type) moisture measuring unit 30 is used, but not limited to this, an optical moisture measuring unit or a spatial measuring type moisture measuring unit is used. May be. A clip or the like may be attached to the sensor unit 27 so that the sensor unit 27 can be hooked in a clothing pocket or the like.
- the optical moisture measuring unit for example, the light emitting unit irradiates, for example, light in the infrared region to the skin of the armpit, and the reflected light is received by the light receiving unit.
- This optical moisture measuring unit utilizes the fact that the greater the amount of moisture on the armpit skin, the lower the amount of light absorbed by the moisture.
- the moisture measurement unit of the space measurement type for example, water vapor on the skin under the armpit reaches the humidity sensor through the surrounding covering member. Therefore, the humidity sensor detects the humidity in the space in the surrounding covering member. To detect the amount of water.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of an external configuration of the in-vivo moisture meter 100 according to the present embodiment.
- the moisture meter 100 in the body detects the amount of moisture in the body of the subject by bringing the sensor part into contact with the skin of the axilla, which is the body surface of the subject, and detecting a physical quantity corresponding to the electrical signal supplied in the sensor part To do.
- the body moisture meter 100 by measuring the subject's capacitance as the physical quantity (data related to moisture in the living body), the wetness of the skin of the axilla is detected, and the moisture content in the body is determined. calculate.
- the physical quantity detected for calculating the amount of water in the body is not limited to the capacitance, and may be, for example, impedance measured by supplying a constant voltage or a constant current to the subject.
- the in-vivo moisture meter 100 includes a main body portion 110 and an insertion portion 120.
- the main body 110 has an upper surface 114, a lower surface 115, and side surfaces 116 and 117 that are formed substantially parallel to the major axis direction (not shown), respectively, and are formed in a straight line as a whole.
- Various user interfaces are arranged on the housing surface of the main body 110, and an electronic circuit for calculating the amount of moisture in the body is housed inside the housing.
- a power switch 111 and a display unit 112 are shown as user interfaces.
- the power switch 111 is disposed in a recess in the rear end surface 113 of the main body 110.
- the power switch 111 is arranged in the recess in this way, an erroneous operation of the power switch 111 can be prevented.
- the power switch 111 is turned on, power supply from the power supply unit 411 (FIG. 16), which will be described later, to each part of the moisture meter 100 in the body is started, and the moisture meter 100 in the body enters an operating state.
- the display unit 112 is arranged on the side surface 117 of the main body unit 110 slightly forward in the long axis direction. This is because when the moisture content in the body of the subject is measured using the moisture meter 100 in the body, even if the measurer grips the grip region 118, the display unit 112 is completely held by the hand gripped by the measurer. This is so as not to be covered (so that the measurement result can be visually recognized even in a gripped state).
- the display unit 112 displays the current moisture content measurement result 131. For reference, the previous measurement result 132 is also displayed. Further, the battery display unit 133 displays the remaining amount of the battery (power supply unit 411 in FIG. 16). When an invalid measurement result is obtained or a measurement error is detected, “E” is displayed on the display unit 112 to notify the user to that effect. Note that characters and the like displayed on the display unit 112 are displayed with the upper surface 114 side of the main body unit 110 as the upper side and the lower surface 115 side as the lower side.
- the upper portion 124 and the lower surface 125 of the insertion portion 120 of the moisture meter 100 in the body have a curved shape, and are gently curved downward as a whole with respect to the main body portion 110.
- the sensor unit 121 is slidably held on the distal end surface 122 of the insertion unit 120.
- the sensor unit 121 has a sensor head 123 having a surface substantially parallel to the distal end surface 122, and in order to ensure the pressure of the sensor head 123 to ensure close contact with the skin, a spring (not shown) It is biased in the direction of arrow 141b (for example, a biasing force of about 150 gf).
- the sensor unit 121 is a predetermined amount (in a direction substantially orthogonal to the tip surface 122, that is, a normal direction of the tip surface 122) in the direction of the arrow 141a.
- 1 mm to 10 mm (4 mm in the present embodiment) is slid to start measurement (hereinafter, the direction of the arrow 141a is referred to as a slide direction).
- the sensor head 123 After the user turns on the power switch 111 to set the in-vivo moisture meter 100 in an operating state, the sensor head 123 has been pressed against the subject's axilla for a predetermined time or longer (for example, 2 seconds or longer). When detected, measurement of the amount of water in the body is started.
- the sensor head is placed on the subject's axilla with a predetermined load (for example, 20 gf to 200 gf, more preferably 100 gf to 190 gf, in this embodiment, When it is detected that the body is pressed at 150 gf), the measurement of the body water content is started. With such a mechanism, the degree of adhesion of the sensor head 123 to the axilla during measurement can be made constant.
- the contact surface of the sensor head 123 is not limited to a planar shape, and may be a convex curved surface shape.
- An example of the shape of such a contact surface is a part of a spherical surface (for example, a spherical surface having a radius of 15 mm).
- FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining in detail the housing shape of the moisture meter 100 in the body.
- the normal direction 202 that is, the sliding direction
- the distal end surface 122 makes an angle of about 30 ° with respect to the long axis direction 201 of the main body 110.
- the front end surface 122 is formed (the direction 203 parallel to the front end surface 122 forms an angle of about 30 ° with respect to the direction 204 orthogonal to the major axis direction 201 of the main body 110.
- a tip surface 122 is formed).
- the casing in the vicinity of the distal end surface 122 of the insertion portion 120 has a shape generally along the normal direction 202 of the distal end surface 122.
- the measurer holds the moisture meter 100 in the body at the time of measurement.
- the measurer simply presses the moisture meter 100 in the body toward the bending direction 205 and performs measurement without mistaking the pressing direction. It can be performed. That is, the sensor unit 121 can be brought into close contact with the subject's axilla accurately, and accurate measurement can be realized.
- the lower surface 125 of the insertion part 120 of the moisture meter 100 in the body has a curved surface shape.
- the axilla of the subject is deep Even so, it is possible to avoid interference between the front side wall of the upper arm of the subject and the lower surface 125 of the moisture meter 100 in the body.
- the insertion unit 120 of the moisture meter 100 in the body is such that the sensor unit 121 is disposed at a position of about 40 to 50 mm from the boundary position 206 between the main body unit 110 and the insertion unit 120. , Its length is prescribed.
- the measurer does not interfere with the subject's upper arm, etc.
- the sensor unit 121 can be pressed against the person's axilla.
- the insertion portion 120 is formed so that the cross-sectional area thereof becomes equal to the cross-sectional area of the main body 110 at the boundary position 206, and gradually decreases as the sensor portion 121 is approached. (In other words, the insertion portion 120 is formed so as to become thinner toward the tip).
- the subject has a narrow upper arm movable range. However, it can be easily inserted.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining an example of using the moisture meter 100 in the body.
- FIG. 15A shows the upper left half of the measurement subject
- FIG. 15B schematically shows the aa cross section of FIG. 15A.
- the in-vivo moisture meter 100 is configured such that the sensor unit 121 is pressed against the axilla between the left upper arm of the subject and the left chest wall, Measure.
- the measurer grips the grip region 118 of the moisture meter 100 with the right hand so that the sensor unit 121 faces upward, and from the lower front side of the subject toward the armpit.
- the sensor unit 121 is inserted.
- the insertion portion 120 of the moisture meter 100 in the body is gently curved and the length from the boundary position 206 to the sensor portion 121 is about 40 to 50 mm, from the front lower side of the subject.
- the front side wall of the upper arm and the moisture meter 100 in the body do not interfere with each other, and the right hand of the measurer does not interfere with the upper arm of the subject and the sensor unit 121 is axillary. Can be pressed at a substantially right angle.
- the measurer presses along the bending direction 205.
- the sensor unit 121 can be pressed to the axilla at a substantially right angle.
- the shape of the in-vivo moisture meter 100 according to the present embodiment even a subject having a deep axilla such as an elderly person can easily perform measurement.
- FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration example of the moisture meter 100 in the body according to the present embodiment.
- the control unit 401 includes a CPU 402 and a memory 403, and the CPU 402 executes various programs in the moisture meter 100 in the body by executing a program stored in the memory 403.
- the CPU 402 executes display control of the display unit 112, which will be described later with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 18, drive control of the buzzer 422 and the LED lamp 423, measurement of the moisture content in the body (capacitance measurement in the present embodiment), and the like.
- the memory 403 includes a nonvolatile memory and a volatile memory.
- the nonvolatile memory is used as a program memory, and the volatile memory is used as a working memory for the CPU 402.
- the power supply unit 411 has a replaceable battery or a rechargeable battery, and supplies power to each part of the moisture meter 100 in the body.
- the voltage regulator 412 supplies a constant voltage (for example, 2.3 V) to the control unit 401 and the like.
- the remaining battery level detection unit 413 detects the remaining battery level based on the voltage value supplied from the power source unit 411 and notifies the control unit 401 of the detection result.
- the control unit 401 controls the display of the battery display unit 133 based on the remaining battery level detection signal from the remaining battery level detection unit 413.
- the control part 401 When the power switch 111 is pressed, power supply from the power supply unit 411 to each unit is started. And if the control part 401 detects that pressing by the user of the power switch 111 continued for 1 second or more, it will maintain the power supply to each part from the power supply part 411, and will make the moisture meter 100 in a body into an operation state. As described above, the measurement switch 414 is turned on when the sensor unit 121 is pushed a predetermined amount or more in the direction of the arrow 141a. When the ON state of the measurement switch 414 continues for a predetermined time (for example, 2 seconds), the control unit 401 starts measuring the moisture content.
- a predetermined time for example, 2 seconds
- control unit 401 In order to prevent exhaustion of the power supply unit 411, if the measurement does not start even after 5 minutes have passed since the in-vivo moisture meter 100 is in the operating state, the control unit 401 automatically turns on the in-vivo moisture meter 100. Transition to the off state.
- the measurement circuit 421 is connected to the sensor head 123 and measures the capacitance.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the measurement circuit 421.
- the operational amplifiers 501 and 502, the resistors 503 and 504, and the subject capacitor 510 form a CR oscillation circuit. Since the oscillation frequency of the output signal 505 changes depending on the subject volume 510, the control unit 401 calculates the subject volume 510 by measuring the frequency of the output signal 505.
- the sensor head 123 of the present embodiment for example, two comb-shaped electrodes are arranged so that the respective comb teeth are alternately arranged, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the display unit 112 performs display as described in FIG. 13 under the control of the control unit 401.
- the buzzer 422 rings when the measurement starts when the sensor unit 121 is pressed or when the moisture content in the body is completed, and notifies the user of the start or completion of the measurement.
- the LED lamp 423 also performs the same notification as the buzzer 422. That is, the LED lamp 423 is turned on when the measurement is started by pressing the sensor unit 121 or when the measurement of the moisture content in the body is completed, and notifies the user of the start or completion of the measurement.
- the timer unit 424 operates by receiving power supply from the power source unit 411 even when the power is off, and notifies the control unit 401 of the time in the operating state.
- step S601 the control unit 401 detects a measurement start instruction.
- the state of the measurement switch 414 is monitored, and it is determined that the measurement start instruction has been detected when the measurement switch 414 remains on for 2 seconds or longer.
- the control unit 401 measures the oscillation frequency of the output signal 505 from the measurement circuit 421 in step S602.
- step S603 the moisture content in the body of the subject is calculated based on the oscillation frequency of the output signal 505 measured in step S602.
- step S604 it is determined whether or not the subject is dehydrated based on whether or not the amount of water in the body calculated in step S603 exceeds a predetermined threshold.
- the threshold value in this case is preferably a value corresponding to 35% when water is 100% and air is 0%.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a data configuration of measurement information stored in the memory 403.
- a measured value 701 is the amount of water in the body calculated by the current measurement.
- the determination result 702 is information indicating whether the dehydrated state or the non-dehydrated state is determined in step S604 with respect to the amount of water in the body calculated by the current measurement.
- the measurement time 703 is information indicating the time notified from the time measuring unit 424 in the current measurement.
- the measurement time 703 can be, for example, the time notified from the time measuring unit 424 when the measurement is executed in step S602.
- step S606 the water content in the body calculated by the current measurement is displayed on the display unit 112.
- display is performed in a display form according to the determination result of the dehydrated state or the non-dehydrated state (for example, in the case of the dehydrated state, the amount of water in the body is displayed in red, and in the case of the non-dehydrated state, The amount of water in the body is displayed in blue).
- the in-vivo moisture meter 100 has a shape suitable for setting the axilla as a measurement site.
- the front end surface was formed so that the normal direction of the front end surface forms an angle of about 30 ° with respect to the major axis direction of the main body.
- the distal end of the insertion portion was formed so as to have a shape along the normal direction of the distal end surface.
- the lower surface side of the insertion part was formed in a curved shape.
- the length of the insertion portion was defined so that the distance between the sensor portion and the boundary position was 40 to 50 mm.
- the insertion part was formed so as to become thinner toward the tip.
- the shape in which the insertion portion 120 curves downward from the boundary position 206 (that is, the shape in which the upper surface 124 of the insertion portion 120 is located below the upper surface 114 of the main body portion 110) has been described.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- a part of the upper surface 124 of the insertion unit 120 may be configured to be positioned above the upper surface 114 of the main body 110.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an external configuration of a moisture meter 800 in the body according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Even when the insertion portion 120 is configured in the shape shown in FIG. 20, the same effect as in the fourth embodiment can be obtained.
- the measurer grips the moisture meter 100 in the body with the sensor unit 121 facing upward at the time of measurement, and therefore, for example, on the rear end surface 113 side of the main body unit 110, By arranging the constituent parts, the center of gravity becomes the rear end face 113 side of the main body 110, and it becomes easy for the measurer to take a balance at the time of measurement.
- the moisture meter 100 in the body is gripped with the upper surface 114 side facing downward at the time of measurement, by placing the center of gravity on the upper surface 114 side (the opposite side to the bending direction of the insertion portion 120) of the main body 110, For the measurer, it becomes easier to balance the measurement.
- the normal direction 202 of the distal end surface 122 has been described as being formed so as to form an angle of about 30 ° with respect to the major axis direction 201 of the main body 110.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the tip surface 122 may be formed so that the normal direction 202 of the tip surface 122 forms an angle of about 20 ° to 40 ° with respect to the major axis direction 201 of the main body 110.
- the length of the insertion portion 120 is specified so that the distance from the sensor portion 121 to the boundary position 206 is about 40 to 50 mm. It is not limited. For example, in consideration of the depth of the axilla of the subject, the length of the insertion unit 120 may be defined so that the distance from the sensor unit 121 to the boundary position 206 is about 80 to 90 mm.
- the distance from the rear end surface 113 to the display unit 112 has been described as being about 40 to 50 mm.
- the present invention is not limited to this. It suffices that the display unit 112 is disposed so as not to be completely covered when the measurer grips the main body 110.
- the amount of water in the axilla has a property that a specific stable state is maintained by a person, like “normal heat” at body temperature.
- stable moisture content corresponding to “normal heat”.
- the following embodiments are for solving such problems.
- the external shape and electrical configuration of the moisture meter in the body according to the eighth embodiment are substantially the same as those of the fourth to seventh embodiments, and when the drawings and symbols common to these embodiments are common, Since it is the same as the contents described, a duplicate description is omitted.
- the moisture content measurement result 131 is displayed on the display unit 112.
- a mark 132 for indicating the degree of dehydration possibility and the severity is also displayed.
- the mark 132a filled with water drops is regarded as normal, -If it is less than 35% and 25% or more, the water 132 is slightly insufficient and there is a possibility of dehydration. If it is less than 25%, it is dehydrated, and there is a possibility that it is serious. Display each.
- the battery display unit 133 displays the remaining amount of the battery (power supply unit 411 in FIG. 16).
- “E” is displayed on the display unit 112 to notify the user to that effect. Note that characters and the like displayed on the display unit 112 are displayed with the upper surface 114 side of the main body unit 110 as the upper side and the lower surface 115 side as the lower side.
- FIG. 15 is a view for explaining an example of use of the moisture meter 100 in the body.
- FIG. 15 (A) shows the upper left half of the person to be measured
- FIG. 15 (B) shows a- in FIG. 15 (A).
- the a cross section is schematically shown.
- the in-vivo moisture meter 100 is configured such that the sensor unit 121 is pressed against the axilla between the left upper arm of the subject and the left chest wall, Measure.
- the measurer grips the grip region 118 of the moisture meter 100 with the right hand so that the sensor unit 121 faces upward, and from the lower front side of the subject toward the armpit.
- the sensor unit 121 is inserted.
- the insertion part 120 of the moisture meter 100 in the body is gently curved, and when inserted from the front lower side of the subject toward the axilla, the front side wall of the upper arm and the moisture meter in the body 100 does not interfere, and the right hand of the measurer can press the sensor unit 121 against the armpit at a substantially right angle without interfering with the upper arm of the subject.
- the measurer presses along the bending direction 205.
- the sensor part 121 can be pressed to the armpit at a substantially right angle.
- the shape of the in-vivo moisture meter 100 according to the present embodiment even a subject having a deep axilla such as an elderly person can easily perform measurement.
- step S501 the control unit 401 detects a measurement start instruction.
- the state of the measurement switch 414 is monitored, and it is determined that the measurement start instruction has been detected when the measurement switch 414 remains on for 2 seconds or longer.
- the control unit 401 measures the oscillation frequency of the output signal 505 from the measurement circuit 421 in step S502.
- step S503 the control unit 401 calculates the amount of moisture in the body of the subject based on the oscillation frequency of the output signal 505 measured in step S502.
- step S504 and step S505 the control unit 401 determines whether the body water content calculated in step S503 is greater than or equal to the first reference value (35% in the present embodiment) or less than the first reference value. (25% in this embodiment) or more or less than the second reference value. If the moisture content in the body is equal to or greater than the first reference value, the process proceeds to step S506, and the control unit 401 selects the mark 132a indicating a normal value that does not cause dehydration. When the amount of moisture in the body is less than the first reference value and greater than or equal to the second reference value, the process proceeds to step S507, and the control unit 401 selects the mark 132b indicating that there is a possibility of dehydration.
- the process proceeds to step S508, and the control unit 401 selects the mark 132c indicating that the dehydration state is proceeding.
- the display form is changed according to the first reference value and the second reference value, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the display form may be changed only with the first reference value, or the carrying of the display may be changed sequentially with three or more reference values.
- step S509 the control unit 401 displays the body water content calculated by the current measurement on the display unit 112 as the measurement result 131.
- the control unit 401 displays the mark 132 selected in any of the above steps S506 to S508 on the display unit 112. The user can know the measured value of the amount of moisture in the body, and can easily determine the dehydration state or the non-dehydration state and the severity thereof by displaying the mark 132.
- the calibration method of the moisture meter in the body according to the present embodiment and the first reference value and the second reference value described above will be described.
- the output signal 505 subject electrostatic capacity
- the water is measured.
- the output signal 505 subject's capacitance
- 0% of the body water content is assigned to S1
- 100% of the body water content is assigned to S2.
- step S503 the subject electrostatic capacitance is converted into the body water content using the parameters stored in the nonvolatile memory.
- FIG. 15B shows the results obtained by measuring the body water content in the axilla for a plurality of subjects using the body moisture meter 100 subjected to such calibration, and measuring the serum osmotic pressure by a blood test. ).
- a subject whose serum osmotic pressure is 295 mmOsm or more is determined to be dehydrated.
- the result of measuring the amount of water in the body with the moisture meter 100 in the body is 35% or less with respect to 85% or more of the subjects whose serum osmotic pressure is 295 mmOsm or more.
- the measurement result of the amount of water in the body using the in-vivo moisture meter 100 is 40% or less, and almost 100% of subjects having a serum osmotic pressure of 295 mmOsm or less.
- the measurement result of the moisture content in the body by the moisture meter 100 in the body is 25% or more for the subject. Therefore, the first reference value may be set to a value between 25% and 40%, but the present inventors are a numerical value that applies to 85% or more subjects as a general guideline. We believe that it is preferable to use a water content of 35% in the body. Note that 25% is used as the second reference value.
- the user can determine whether or not the dehydration state is indicated by the display form of the mark 132 and the severity thereof as in the body temperature measurement. It can be easily judged.
- the first reference value and the second reference value are fixed values.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the user may be able to set the first reference value in the range of 25% to 40% as described above.
- the second reference value may be set individually in a range lower than the first reference value, or a value obtained by subtracting a predetermined value from the first reference value is automatically set. Also good. With such a configuration, it is possible to eliminate individual differences that appear in the measured value of the amount of water in the body during normal times.
- the display form is changed by changing the water drop mark when the measurement result is lower than the first reference value or lower than the second reference value.
- the present invention is not limited to this. Needless to say.
- the display form may be changed so that the user can be alerted by notifying the user that the reference value has fallen below the reference value, such as changing the display color.
- the first reference value and the second reference value defined in the present embodiment are assigned to 100% and 0% moisture amounts respectively for signals output when water is measured and air is measured. It should be understood as a value corresponding to a predetermined value (35% and 25% in the embodiment) when the signal output from the sensor unit 121 and the water content are associated with a linear relationship.
- the calibration method of the sensor unit 121 and the definition of the reference value are matched, but if the calibration method of the sensor unit 121 is different, the first reference value and the second reference value are 35% or 25%. This can be a different value.
- main body 111 ... power switch, 112 ... display, 113 ... rear end face, 114 ... top face, 115... Lower surface, 116... Side surface, 117... Side surface, 118. , 121... Sensor part, 122... Tip surface, 123... Sensor head, 124 .. upper surface, 125 .. lower surface, 201. Linear direction, 203 ... direction parallel to the tip surface, 204 ... direction orthogonal to the major axis direction, 205 ... bending direction, 206 ... boundary position
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Abstract
Description
脱水症状を把握する装置としては、両手でハンドルを保持するような装置で人体インピーダンスを測定し、そこから水分量を算出するものが知られている(特許文献1~3を参照)。
また、別の脱水症状を把握する装置として、舌粘膜、頬粘膜あるいは口蓋などの口腔内の水分を測定する口腔水分計等が知られている(特許文献4~6を参照)。
さらに、皮膚の水分量の計測方法としては、イン・ビトロでの重量法やカール・フィシャー法に始まり、イン・ビボでのATR分光法、更にはより簡便なイン・ビボでの計測法である高周波インピーダンス法や電気伝導度法が一般的に利用されている。
なお、特許第3977983号公報に記載の脱水状態判定装置は、体温測定を親指で測定する体温センサを備え、この体温に基づいて生体電気インピーダンスの測定値を補正し、この補正した生体電気インピーダンス値に基づいて脱水状態の判定を行うといったように、体温を考慮して生体電気インピーダンス値に基づいて脱水状態を判定するものであるので、脱水状態はより正確に判定され、被検者は脱水状態を正確に検査することができる。
医療現場においては、いくつかの方法で脱水を判断している。例えば、採血データによる脱水を示す所見としては、ヘマトクリット高値、ナトリウム高値、尿素窒素25mg/dL以上、尿素窒素/クレアチニン比が25以上、尿酸値7mg/dl以上などをもとに判断している。しかし、この方法では採血する必要があり、在宅などで用いることは出来ない。
その他の判断方法としては、舌、口腔内の乾燥状態、腋下の乾燥状態、「何となく元気がない」といったような意欲の低下、「ぐったりしていて反応が鈍い」というような意識の鈍化などが挙げられるが、どれも医療従事者ならではの勘と経験が必要であり、誰でもできるようなものではない。
また、特許文献1に記載の体内水分計の場合、被検者自身が両手でハンドルを把持することが要求されるため、被検者以外の第三者(測定者)が被検者の体内水分量を測定することができないという問題がある。すなわち、特許文献1に記載された測定部位を前提とする体内水分計の構造では、例えば、意識障害に陥った被検者の体内水分量を、第三者(測定者)が測定できないという問題がある。
本発明の第2の目的は、腋窩を測定部位とする体内水分計において、測定しやすい構造を提供することである。
本発明の第3の目的は、腋窩を測定部位とする体内水分計において、脱水状態か否かを容易に判断できるようにすることである。
上記構成によれば、熱い環境下で脱水症状が進むと熱中症に進行するので、被検者が水分量を測定する際に熱中症の程度を知り、被検者が適正な水分調節を行うことができるようにするものである。すなわち、熱中症のリスク指標を早期に発見でき、被検者が適正な水分調節を行うための支援手段として有効な水分計を提供できる。すなわち、被検者の水分摂取状況である被検者の水分量と外環境を示す環境の温度と湿度の関係から湿球黒球温度(WBGT)値を設定して、被検者の水分量と湿球黒球温度(WBGT)値の関係テーブルを参照して熱中症のリスク指標(熱中症リスクの程度)を判断するので、被検者は熱中症のリスクを早期に発見して、被検者が適正な水分調節を行うことができる。
上記構成によれば、センサ部は、測定部の保持部から離れた本体部の他端から電気配線を介して離して位置させることができるので、センサ部は被検者の身体からできるだけ離した位置で、被検者の体温に影響を受けずに環境の気温と湿度を測定できる。
上記構成によれば、センサ部は、測定部の保持部から離れた本体部の他端に直接設けられているので、センサ部は被検者の身体からできるだけ離した位置で、被検者の体温に影響を受けずに環境の気温と湿度を測定できる。
上記構成によれば、測定部の保持部では、水分測定部により被検者の水分量を測定するとともに被検者の体温も同時に測定できる。
上記構成によれば、被検者は、表示部を見るだけで、被検者の水分量と熱中症リスク指標の他に、被検者の体温と湿球黒球温度(WBGT)値を、目視で確認することができる。
尚、以下に述べる実施の形態は、本発明の好適な具体例であるから、技術的に好ましい種々の限定が付されているが、本発明の範囲は、以下の説明において特に本発明を限定する旨の記載がない限り、これらの態様に限られるものではない。
図1は、本発明の水分計の第1の実施形態を被検者が使用している状態を示している。図2は、図1に示す水分計の外観の構造例を示している。図2(A)は、水分計1の正面部分を示し、図2(B)は、水分計1の上面部分を示している。
測定部の保持部11は、本体部10の一端部側に設けられ、表示部の保持部12は、本体部10の他端部側に設けられている。本体部10は、例えばプラスチックにより作られている。
本体部10のほぼ中間部分は、図1の被検者Mが手で持ち易くしかも腋下Rに挟み易いようにするための形状に形成されている。本体部10は、図2に示す例では内側に緩く湾曲した第1湾曲正面部分10Aと、内側に緩く湾曲した反対側の第2湾曲背面部分10Bと、内側に緩く湾曲した上側の湾曲状側面部分10Cと、下側の直線状側面部分10Dを有している。
図1に示すように水分計1の測定部の保持部11が腋下Rに保持された状態では、本体部10が、被検者の上体Bの側面部に密着することで、水分計1はより確実に被検者Mの上体B側に保持できる。
例えば、図1に示すように、水分計1を使用する際には、表示部の保持部12は、被検者Mの前方Dに向けてほぼ水平に保持させることができる。測定部の保持部11と表示部の保持部12との間の距離、すなわち本体部10が確保すべき長さは、被検者Mが測定部の保持部11を腋下Rに挟んだ場合に、表示部の保持部12内の表示部20が、腋下Rの外側の位置(被検者Mの胴体部と上腕Kとにより挟まれない位置)にくるように設定されている。
表示部の保持部12の正面側であって、表示部20の横には、音声発生部としてのスピーカ29やブザー28が配置されている。このように、表示部の保持部12の正面側には表示部20とスピーカ29とブザー28が配置されているので、表示部20とスピーカ29とブザー28が腋下R内に位置されてしまうことはなく、被検者Mは表示部20に表示される水分量と体温等の情報を確実に目視して確認でき、スピーカ29から発生される音声ガイダンス等を聞き取ることができ、ブザー28は必要な警報のための音を発生できる。
しかし、ブザー28は任意に設けることができ、ブザー28は設けなくても良い。
図2に示す例では、表示部20の水分量表示画面21は、比較的大きなサイズのデジタル表示により、例えば水分量の値を41%等と表示できる。体温表示画面22は、水分量のデジタル表示に比べて小さく表示された体温のデジタル表示により、被検者の体温(℃)を表示することができる。WBGT指標表示部23は、水分量表示画面21と同じ程度に大きなサイズのデジタル表示ができ、熱中症リスク表示部24は、熱中症リスク指標(熱中症リスクの程度)を、例えば3段階の表示、「小」あるいは「中」あるいは「大」等と表示することができる。
本体部10の表示部の保持部12の端部25には、WBGT指標(値)を測定するためのセンサ部27が、電気配線26を用いて離して接続されている。センサ部27は、温度計27Aと湿度計27Bを内蔵している。これにより、センサ部27は、測定部の保持部11から離れた本体部10の他端から電気配線26を介して離して位置させることができるので、センサ部27は被検者Mの身体からできるだけ離した位置で、被検者Mの体温に影響を受けずに環境の気温と湿度を測定できる。
例えば、図1に示すように、インピーダンス式の水分測定部30が被検者の腋下Rに挟み込まれると、第1の測定電流供給用の電極部30Aと第1の電位測定用の電極部100Aは、上体Bの側面部側の皮膚面Vに密着され、第2の測定電流供給用の電極部30Bと第2の電位測定用の電極部100Bは、上腕Kの内面側の皮膚面Vに密着されるようになっている。
体温測定部31は、図1に示す被検者Mの腋下Rに接触することで体温を検知するようになっており、体温測定部31は例えばサーミスタを有するものや、熱電対を有するものを採用できる。例えば、サーミスタにより検出された温度信号は、デジタル信号に変換して出力されるようになっている。このサーミスタは、例えばステンレスの金属キャップにより液密に保護されている。測定部の保持部11では、水分測定部30により被検者の水分量を測定するとともに、体温測定部31を用いて被検者Mの体温も同時に測定できる。
図3に示す水分計1のブロックでは、本体部10は、制御部40、電源部41、タイマー42、表示部の駆動部43、演算処理部(処理部)44、ROM(読み出し専用メモリ)45,EEPROM(電気的にプログラム内容を消去および再書き込みすることができるPROM)46,RAM(ランダムアクセスメモリ)47を内蔵している。インピーダンス式の水分測定部30と、体温測定部31は、測定部の保持部11に配置され、表示部20とスピーカ29とブザー28は、表示部の保持部12に配置されている。
図3の表示部20は、表示部の駆動部43に電気的に接続されており、表示部の駆動部43は、制御部40からの指令により、表示部20には図2に例示するように、例えば被検者の生体内の水分量(%)表示画面(以下、水分量表示画面という)21と、体温(℃)表示画面(以下、体温表示画面という)22と、後で説明するWBGT指標表示部(度)23と、熱中症リスク表示部24を表示させるようになっている。
図3の演算処理部44は、スピーカ29とブザー28と、ROM45,EEPROM46,RAM47に電気的に接続されている。
水分計1における生体電気インピーダンス式による水分量の測定では、次のことが言える。人体の細胞組織は、多数の細胞から構成されており、各細胞は、細胞外液で満たされた環境に存在する。このような細胞組織に電流を流した場合には、低周波交流電流は、主として細胞外液領域を流れ、高周波交流電流の場合には、細胞外液領域および細胞内を流れる。
被検体Mの生体(身体)の電気的特性は、組織または臓器の種類によって著しく異なっている。このような各組織や臓器を含む身体の全体の電気的特性は、生体電気インピーダンスによって表すことができる。
生体内の水分量に関しては、細胞外液抵抗と細胞内液抵抗を計算することによって推定する方法が知られている。水分量の測定に関しては、生体内の水分量が多い時には生体電気インピーダンス値は低値を示し、生体内の水分量が少ない時には生体電気インピーダンス値は高値を示し、細胞外液抵抗と細胞内液抵抗を計算することによって推定する方法が知られている。
図3に示すインピーダンス式の水分測定部30は、第1の測定電流供給用の電極部30Aと第2の測定電流供給用の電極部30Bと、第1の電位測定用の電極部100Aと第2の電位測定用の電極部100Bと、交流電流出力回路101と、2つの差動増幅器102,103と、切替器104と、A/D変換器105と、基準抵抗器106を有する。
第1の測定電流供給用の電極部30Aと第2の測定電流供給用の電極部30Bと、第1の電位測定用の電極部100Aと第2の電位測定用の電極部100Bは、例えば図2に示す測定部の保持部11において外部に露出して設けられている。これにより、これら4つの電極部30A,30B,100A,100Bは、図1に示す被検者Mの腋下Rの皮膚面に直接接触させることができる。
なお、第1の測定電流供給用の電極部30Aと第2の測定電流供給用の電極部30Bと、第1の電位測定用の電極部100Aと第2の電位測定用の電極部100Bの構造は、同じものを採用できる。図4では、皮膚面Vとこの皮膚面Vにある水分Wを示している。
しかし、上述した各電極部の構造は、図4に示す構造以外にも、任意に選択することができる。
図5に示す被検者Mの生体の水分量と被検者Mの生体の体温との相関関係例は、例えば図3のEEPROM46に格納されている。図5において、水分量が低い場合に、体温が正常値であれば被検者は軽度の脱水症状であり、水分量が正常である場合に、体温が正常であれば被検者は健康状態である。これに対して、水分量が低い場合に、体温が高いと被検者は重度の脱水症状であり、水分量が正常である場合に、体温が高いと被検者は風邪の様な脱水以外の疾患であるといえる。
このように、被検者の生体の水分量と体温から、被検者の健康、軽度と重度の脱水症状、風邪症状を判断可能になるので、本発明の実施形態の水分計1では、腋下Rにおける水分量の測定と体温の測定が重要である。
図6は、縦軸に気温(℃)(乾球温度)を示し、横軸は相対湿度(%)を示し、WBGT値(WBGT温度)と、気温と、そして相対湿度との関係例を示すWBGT値のテーブル180であり、日本生気象学会「日常生活における熱中症予防指針」Ver.1 2008.4からの出典のものである。
図6に示すWBGT値のテーブル180において、例えばWBGT値が31度以上であれば熱中症リスクの程度が「危険」、28度~31度であれば熱中症リスクの程度が「厳重警戒」、25度~28度であれば熱中症リスクの程度が「警戒」、そして25度未満であれば熱中症リスクの程度が「注意」であることを示している。図6において、例えば気温が30℃であって、相対湿度が90%であれば、WBGT値は32℃(32度ともいう)となり、熱中症リスクの程度が「危険」であることを示している。
図6に示すWBGT指標(WBGT値)は、労働環境において作業者が受ける暑熱環境による熱ストレスの評価を行う簡便な指標である。暑熱環境を評価する場合には、気温に加えて、湿度、風速、輻射(放射)熱を考慮して総合的に評価する必要があり、WBGT値は、これらの基本的温熱諸要素を総合したものとなっている。
図6に示すWBGT値のテーブル180は、例えば図3のEEPROM46に格納されている。
図7の熱中症リスク判断テーブル200の縦軸は水分量の区分例を示し、横軸はWBGT値の区分例を示している。
熱中症リスク判断テーブル200の縦軸は水分量の区分例では、例えば水分量が0%~30%、31%から40%、そして41%以上に、3つに区分されている。
これに対して、WBGT値の区分例では、例えばWBGT値が31度以上であれば熱中症リスクの程度が「危険:運動中止」、28度~31度であれば熱中症リスクの程度が「厳重警戒」、25度~28度であれば熱中症リスクの程度が「警戒」、そして21度~25度であれば熱中症リスクの程度が「注意」、そして21度未満であれば熱中症リスクの程度が「ほぼ安全」に区分されている。
図7の熱中症リスク判断テーブル200では、RHは熱中症リスクの程度が「高」であることを示し、RMは熱中症リスクの程度が「中」であることを示し、そしてRMは熱中症リスクの程度が「低」であることを示しており、3つの区分に定めている。
図3に示すROM45は、タイマー42により計測されたタイミングに基づいて、インピーダンス式の水分測定部30により測定されたインピーダンス値から得られている水分量データと、温度測定部31により測定された体温データから算出された水分量データと体温データの時間変化に基づいて、被検者の水分量と体温を予測演算するプログラムを格納している。
また、ROM45は、図3に示すセンサ部27の温度計27Aにより得られる気温と、センサ部27の湿度計27Bから得られる相対湿度に基づいて、図6に示すWBGT値のテーブル180からWBGT指標(WBGT値)を特定するプログラムを格納している。
さらに、ROM45は、得られた被検者の水分量とWBGT値を、図7に示す熱中症リスク判断テーブル200を参照することで、熱中症リスクの程度RH、RM、RLを特定するプログラムを格納している。
図3に示すRAM47は、算出された水分量データと体温データをそれぞれ時系列で記憶することができる。また、RAM47は、すでに説明したように、得られた被検者の水分量とWBGT指標(WBGT値)を記憶することができる。
図3の処理部としての演算処理部44は、ROM45に格納されたプログラムに従った被検者の水分量と体温を予測演算する。演算処理部44は、センサ部27の温度計27Aにより得られる気温とセンサ部27の湿度計27Bから得られる相対湿度に基づいて図6に示すWBGT値のテーブル180からWBGT指標(WBGT値)を特定する。演算処理部44は、得られた被検者の水分量とWBGT指標(WBGT値)を図7に示す熱中症リスク判断テーブル200を参照することで、熱中症リスクの程度RH、RM、RLを特定する。さらに、演算処理部44は、スピーカ29への音声データの出力、ブザー28を鳴らす動作等を行う。
図8のステップS0では、被検者が図3に示す電源スイッチ10Sをオンして、オン信号を制御部40に送ると、水分計1は測定可能状態になる。
図8のステップS1では、図3の制御部40は、演算処理部44において以前に演算されたWBGT値の初期化を行い、演算処理部44は、センサ部27の温度計27Aにより得られる気温と、センサ部27の湿度計27Bから得られる相対湿度と、に基づいて、図6に示すWBGT値のテーブル180からWBGT指標(WBGT値)を演算して特定する。
しかも、測定部の保持部11と表示部の保持部12との間の距離は、被検者Mが測定部の保持部11を腋下Rに挟んだ場合に、表示部20が腋下Rの外側の位置(胴体部と上腕とにより挟まれない位置)にくるので、被検者Mは表示部の保持部12の表示部20の水分量のデジタル表示24と体温のデジタル表示25を容易に目視できる。しかも、被検者Mは、例えばスピーカ29が発生する音声ガイダンスやブザー28が発する警報音等を聞き取ることができる。
このように、図3の水分測定部30から水分量データ信号P1を得る場合には、図1に例示するように被検者Mの腋下Rに接触している第1の測定電流供給用の電極部30Aと第2の測定電流供給用の電極部30Bが、交流電流出力回路101から被検者Mに対して交流電流が印加される。そして、被検者の腋下Rに接触している第1の電位測定用の電極部100Aと第2の電位測定用の電極部100Bが、被検者の腋下Rでの2点の電位差を検出して、この電位差が他方の差動増幅器103に供給され、他方の差動増幅器103は、被検者Mの2点間の電位差信号を切替器104側に出力する。
ステップS5では、演算処理部44は、得られた被検者Mの水分量とWBGT値から、図7に示す熱中症リスク判断テーブル200に基づいて、熱中症リスクの程度が高いRH、中くらいのRM、低いRLのいずれであるかを特定する。
なお、例えば、熱中症リスクの程度が低(RL)であれば、ブザー28は1回警告音を発生することができ、熱中症リスクの程度が中(RM)であれば、ブザー28は2回警告音を発生することができ、さらに熱中症リスクの程度が高(RH)であれば、ブザー28は3回警告音を発生することができるようにしても良い。
そして、ステップS7では、被検者Mが水分計1により測定を終了する場合には、ステップS8において図3の電源スイッチ10Sをオフする。しかし、水分計1による測定を終了しない場合には、ステップS3に戻って再度ステップS3からS7の処理を繰り返すことになる。
図2に例示するように、表示部20に表示された被検者Mの生体の水分量と被検者Mの生体の体温との関係から、水分量が低い場合に、体温が正常値であれば被検者は軽度の脱水症状であり、水分量が正常である場合に、体温が正常であれば被検者は健康状態である。これに対して、水分量が低い場合に、体温が高いと被検者は重度の脱水症状であり、水分量が正常である場合に、体温が高いと被検者は風邪症状であると、例えば医師により大まかな判断することができる。
しかも、水分計1の表示部20は、図2に例示するように、上記のようにして得られた被検者の水分量と、WBGT値の関係から、熱中症リスクの程度を容易にしかも確実に得て表示することができ、水分計1は、被検者の水分摂取状況と外環境の2つを把握することで、より精密に熱中症のリスクを早期発見し、被検者が適正な水分調節を行うための支援手段として有効に使用できる。
図9に示す水分計1Aでは、センサ部27が、表示部の保持部12の端部25の側面部分に直接設けられている。これにより、図2に示す電気配線26が不要となり、水分計1Aの扱いが容易になる。しかも、センサ部27は、測定部の保持部から離れた本体部の他端に直接設けられているので、センサ部27は被検者の身体からできるだけ離した位置で、被検者の体温に影響を受けずに環境の気温と湿度を測定できる。
図9に示す水分計1Aでは、例えば感温インクで形成された温度表示部330が表示部の保持部12に形成されている。この温度表示部330は、環境温度を、互いに色の異なるドット表示部331により概略表示することができる。
図11は、水分計のさらに別の実施形態としての構成を示すブロック図である。
図11において、図3と同一の符号を付した箇所は同じ構造であり、この実施形態では、水分測定部30の構成が図12で示すように静電容量を用いたものとなっている点で異なるが、センサ部27が制御部40に対して電気的に接続されている構造は同じである。以下、共通する部分の説明は図3の説明を援用し、相違点を中心に説明する。
図11に示す水分測定部30は、図12に示す構成となっている。すなわち、測定対象物である被検者Mの生体の静電容量を計測して、含水率に応じて変化する誘電率の変化量より水分量を測定する。この水分測定部30は、容器部60と2つの電極61,62を有する。容器部60は、樹脂製の周囲部分63と蓋部分64を有しており、2つの電極61,62は蓋部分64に離して互いに電気絶縁された状態で、蓋部分64から外側に露出するようにして配置されている。
このように、水分測定部30は、複数の電極61,62を用いて静電容量を検知して、含水率に応じて変化する誘電率の変化量により水分量を測定するので、被検者の腋下において静電容量式で水分量を測定できる。静電容量は以下の式によって求めることが出来る。センサ表面の大きさSと電極間の距離dについては一定値を取ると考えると、静電容量(C)は誘電率(ε)の値に比例し、水分量が多いほど誘電率と静電容量の値は大きくなる。
静電容量(C)=ε×S/d(F)
誘電率=ε
S=センサ表面の大きさ
d=電極間の距離
これにより、図11に示す演算処理部44は、水分測定部30により測定された水分量データP1と、温度測定部31により測定された体温データP2から得られる、被検者の水分量データと体温データの時間変化に基づいて、被検者の水分量と体温を予測演算する。従って、静電容量を利用した計測の場合は、電極は互いに絶縁された2つの電極だけ設ければよく、インピーダンス式のように、測定電流供給用の電極部と、電位測定用の電極部を一対ずつ設ける必要がなく簡便である。
一般的に、汗腺はアポクリン腺とエクリン腺の2種類があることが知られている。ヒトの場合、エクリン腺は全身に分布しているが、アポクリン腺は、腋下、外耳道、下腹部、外陰部などの限定した部分にしか存在していない。
ここで、水分計を用いて、被検者の水分量を適切に測定できる生体の部位として腋下を選んで、被検者の生体の水分量を測定するのは、上記理由より水分量を腋下で測定することが被検者の生体全身の水分状態を最も反映しているためである。
例えば、体水分量が減少し、体温が上昇している場合には、体水分量の減少により生体電気インピーダンス値は上昇するが、体温の上昇により生体電気インピーダンス値は下降するため、測定された生体電気インピーダンス値より算出した体水分量から判定しても、脱水状態は検出されないということも起こり得る。このため、インピーダンス法により測定を行う場合、非測定者の体温がどの程度かを知る必要があるが、体温測定によるインピーダンス値の補正、または発熱しているため正確な水分量が判定できないなどという警告等は実施されていない。
図2に示す表示部20の熱中症リスク表示部24は、熱中症リスク指標(熱中症リスクの程度)を、例えば3段階の表示、「小」あるいは「中」あるいは「大」等と表示することができるが、これに限らず2段階「小」、「大」、あるいは4段階以上で表示することもできる。
センサ部27には、クリップなどを取付けて、着衣のポケット等に掛止できるようにしてもよい。
光学式の水分測定部では、例えば発光部が例えば赤外線領域の光を腋下の皮膚に照射して、反射した光を受光部で受光するようになっている。この光学式の水分測定部は、腋下の皮膚上の水分の量が多いほど、光量は水分に吸収されて低下することを利用している。空間測定式の水分測定部では、例えば腋下の皮膚上の水分の水蒸気が、周囲覆い部材を通って湿度センサに到達することから、湿度センサは、周囲覆い部材内の空間内の湿度を検知して水分量を検知する。
しかし、自己の腋窩を目視することは困難であるから、自分でセンサ部を正しい位置に合わせることは難しい。
しかも、水分計を手に持って自分で測定する場合には、該表示部が水分計のどこに設けられているかにより、測定しながらその表示部を参照することは困難であり、一度水分計を腋窩から外して、表示部を確認する必要がある。
以下の実施形態は、このような課題を解決するためのものである。
(第4の実施形態)
図13は、本実施形態に係る体内水分計100の外観構成の一例を示す図である。体内水分計100は、被検者の体表面である腋窩の皮膚にセンサ部を接触させ、センサ部において供給した電気信号に応じた物理量を検出することで被検者の体内の水分量を検出する。本実施形態に係る体内水分計100では、当該物理量(生体中の水分に関するデータ)として被検者の静電容量を測定することにより、腋窩の皮膚の湿り具合を検出し、体内の水分量を算出する。なお、体内水分量を算出するために検出する物理量は静電容量に限られるものではなく、例えば、定電圧もしくは定電流を被検者に供給して測定されるインピーダンスであってもよい。
・先端面の法線方向が、本体部の長軸方向に対して、約30°の角度をなすように、先端面を形成した。
先端面の法線方向に沿った形状となるように、挿入部の先端を形成した。
挿入部の下面側を湾曲形状に形成した。
センサ部と境界位置との距離が40~50mmとなるように、挿入部の長さを規定した。
挿入部が先端に向かって細くなるように形成した。
上記第4の実施形態では、挿入部120が境界位置206から下方向に向かって湾曲する形状(つまり、挿入部120の上面124が本体部110の上面114より下方に位置する形状)について説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されない。例えば、挿入部120の上面124の一部が本体部110の上面114より上方に位置する形状に構成してもよい。
上記第4の実施形態では、体内水分計100の重心位置について特に言及しなかったが、体内水分計100の重心位置は、必ずしも本体部110の中央位置である必要はない。
上記第1乃至第6の実施形態では、先端面122の法線方向202が、本体部110の長軸方向201に対して、約30°の角度をなすように形成するものとして説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されない。例えば、先端面122の法線方向202が、本体部110の長軸方向201に対して、約20°~40°の角度をなすように、先端面122を形成するようにしてもよい。
以下の実施形態はこのような課題を解決するためのものである。
(第8の実施形態)
第8の実施形態に係る体内水分計の外形と、電気的構成は第4ないし第7の各実施形態と略同様であり、これら実施形態と共通する図面およびその符号が共通する場合は、既に説明した内容と同じであるから重複する説明は省略する。
・水分量の測定結果が35%以上であれば正常であるとして、水滴が満たされたマーク132aを、
・35%未満25%以上であれば、水分がやや足りず、脱水の可能性もあるとして、水滴が半分満たされた状態のマーク132bを、
・25%未満では脱水状態であり、重篤である可能性もあるとして水滴が空の状態のマーク132cを、
それぞれ表示する。
Claims (15)
- 被検者の水分を測定する水分計であって、
前記被検者の腋下に保持されて、前記腋下の皮膚面に接触させて前記被検者の水分量を測定する水分測定部と、
前記被検者の環境の温度と湿度を計測するセンサ部と、
前記水分測定部から前記被検者の水分量を得て、前記センサ部からの前記温度と前記湿度の関係から湿球黒球温度(WBGT)値を設定して、前記被検者の水分量と前記湿球黒球温度(WBGT)値の関係テーブルを参照することで熱中症のリスク指標を決める処理部と
を有することを特徴とする水分計。 - 本体部と、
前記本体部の一端に配置され、前記水分測定部を保持して前記腋下に挟持される測定部の保持部と、前記本体部の他端に配置され、測定された前記被検者の水分量と前記熱中症リスク指標を表示する表示部を保持する表示部の保持部とを有し、前記センサ部は、前記本体部の他端に電気配線を介して接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の水分計。 - 本体部と、
前記本体部の一端に配置され、前記水分測定部を保持して前記腋下に挟持される測定部の保持部と、前記本体部の他端に配置され、測定された前記被検者の水分量と前記熱中症リスク指標を表示する表示部を保持する表示部の保持部とを有し、前記センサ部は、前記本体部の他端に直接設けられていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の水分計。 - 前記測定部の保持部は、前記被検者の体温を測定する体温測定部を有することを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項3のいずれかに記載の水分計。
- 前記表示部は、前記被検者の水分量と前記熱中症リスク指標の他に、前記被検者の体温と前記湿球黒球温度(WBGT)値を表示可能な構成としたことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の水分計。
- 体内水分計であって、
直線状に形成された本体部と、
被検者の体表面に接触させることで、生体中の水分に関するデータを測定するセンサ部と、
先端面において、前記センサ部を該先端面に略直交する方向にスライド可能に保持し、かつ、前記センサ部のスライドを検知することで、前記センサ部の測定の開始を指示する信号を出力する挿入部と
を備え、
前記挿入部の筐体は、
前記本体部の長軸方向と、前記センサ部のスライド方向とのなす角度が、約20°~45°となるように前記先端面が形成されており、
かつ、前記先端面の近傍において、前記スライド方向に沿うように形成されていることを特徴とする体内水分計。 - 前記挿入部の筐体の下面は、前記先端面に向かって湾曲して形成されていることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の体内水分計。
- 前記本体部と前記挿入部との境界位置から前記センサ部までの距離が、40~90mmとなるように、前記挿入部の長さが規定されていることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の体内水分計。
- 前記挿入部は、前記先端面に向かって、断面積が小さくなるよう構成されていることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の体内水分計。
- 体内水分計であって、
被検者の腋窩の体表面に接触させることで、生体中の水分量に関する信号を出力するセンサ部と、
前記センサ部からの信号を体内水分量に換算する換算手段と、
前記換算手段により得られた体内水分量を表示する表示手段と、
前記換算手段により得られた体内水分量が第1の基準値より低い場合に、使用者に注意を促すべく前記表示手段による表示の形態を変更する変更手段と
を備え、
前記第1の基準値は、前記センサ部が水を測定したときと空気を測定したときに出力する信号をそれぞれ100%と0%の体内水分量に割り当て、前記センサ部が出力する信号と体内水分量をリニアな関係に対応付けた場合の25%から40%の間の所定値に相当する値である
ことを特徴とする体内水分計。 - 前記所定値が35%であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の体内水分計。
- 前記変更手段は、前記換算手段により得られた体内水分量が、第2の基準値よりも低い場合に、前記表示手段による表示の形態をさらに別の形態へ変更し、前記第2の基準値は、前記所定値よりも小さい値である、ことを特徴とする請求項10または11に記載の体内水分計。
- 前記第2の基準値は、25%であることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の体内水分計。
- 前記換算手段は、前記センサ部が水を測定したときと空気を測定したときに出力する信号をそれぞれ100%と0%の水分量に割り当て、前記センサ部が出力する信号と水分量をリニアな関係に対応付けた場合の35%から25%の間の所定値に相当する値とすることを特徴とする請求項11ないし13のいずれかに記載の体内水分計。
- 被検者の腋窩の体表面に接触させることで、生体中の水分量に関する信号を出力するセンサ部を有する体内水分計の表示制御方法であって、
前記センサ部からの信号を体内水分量に換算する換算工程と、
前記換算工程で得られた体内水分量を表示部に表示する表示工程と、
前記換算工程で得られた体内水分量が第1の基準値より低い場合に、使用者に注意を促すべく前記表示部における表示の形態を変更する変更工程と
を有し、
前記第1の基準値は、前記センサ部が水を測定したときと空気を測定したときに出力する信号をそれぞれ100%と0%の体内水分量に割り当て、前記センサ部が出力する信号と体内水分量をリニアな関係に対応付けた場合の25%から40%の間の所定値に相当する値である
ことを特徴とする体内水分計。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2915482A1 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
CN105193415A (zh) | 2015-12-30 |
EP2687155A4 (en) | 2014-09-10 |
RU2601153C2 (ru) | 2016-10-27 |
CN103429147A (zh) | 2013-12-04 |
JPWO2012124330A1 (ja) | 2014-07-17 |
JP5936600B2 (ja) | 2016-06-22 |
EP2915481A1 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
EP2687155A1 (en) | 2014-01-22 |
US20140018641A1 (en) | 2014-01-16 |
HK1219040A1 (zh) | 2017-03-24 |
RU2013135909A (ru) | 2015-04-20 |
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