WO2012124255A1 - レーザ接合部品およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
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- WO2012124255A1 WO2012124255A1 PCT/JP2012/000962 JP2012000962W WO2012124255A1 WO 2012124255 A1 WO2012124255 A1 WO 2012124255A1 JP 2012000962 W JP2012000962 W JP 2012000962W WO 2012124255 A1 WO2012124255 A1 WO 2012124255A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/05—Interconnection of layers the layers not being connected over the whole surface, e.g. discontinuous connection or patterned connection
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/211—Bonding by welding with interposition of special material to facilitate connection of the parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
- B23K26/244—Overlap seam welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
- B23K26/323—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved involving parts made of dissimilar metallic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/34—Coated articles, e.g. plated or painted; Surface treated articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/12—Copper or alloys thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
- B23K2103/26—Alloys of Nickel and Cobalt and Chromium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laser joining component for obtaining a sufficient joining strength with a small amount of laser beam irradiation energy and a method for manufacturing the same in the superposition joining of metal plates.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a conventional laser-joined component described in Patent Document 1 and a manufacturing method thereof.
- a copper plate 12 is disposed on the clad material 11.
- the clad material 11 is formed of a laminate of copper and a copper-molybdenum sintered body.
- a nickel plating film 13 is formed on the surface (upper surface) of the copper plate 12.
- the absorptivity of YAG laser light in nickel is 2.5 times that of copper and copper alloys.
- the laser power is lower than when the copper plate 12 is irradiated with laser light and the copper plate 12 is welded to the clad material 11. And with energy, the desired weld state is obtained.
- FIG. 7 is a view showing a conventional laser-joined component described in Patent Document 2 and a manufacturing method thereof.
- the end surface of the clad material 22 and the end surface of the clad material 23 are in contact with each other.
- the clad plates 22 and 23 are both configured by stacking a high melting point material 24 and a low melting point material 25.
- the high melting point material 24 of the cladding material 22 and the high melting point material 24 ′ of the cladding material 23 are in contact
- the low melting point material 25 of the cladding material 22 and the low melting point material 25 ′ of the cladding material 23 are in contact. is doing.
- the contact portions 28 of the high melting point materials 24, 24 ′ are irradiated with laser light to weld the high melting point materials 24, 24 ′, thereby forming the bead portion 26.
- the low melting point materials 25 and 25 ′ are similarly irradiated with laser light to weld the low melting point materials 25 and 25 ′, thereby forming the bead portion 27.
- the high melting point material 24 and the low melting point material 25 do not substantially melt. For this reason, the various characteristics which the clad
- a method of forming a first plating film and forming a second plating film on one surface or both surfaces of a second metal plate is known.
- Each of the first plating film and the second plating film has a thickness of several ⁇ m.
- the absorption rate of the laser beam of the first plating film is higher than the absorption rate of the laser beam of the second plating film, the laser energy can be further reduced.
- the melting point of the first plating film is higher than the melting point of the second plating film, explosion of the first plating film due to laser light irradiation is prevented.
- the melting point of the second plating film is higher than the melting point of the first plating film, the second metal plate is prevented from being blown off by laser light irradiation (see, for example, Patent Documents 3 to 6). ).
- JP 2007-165690 A Japanese Patent No. 3272787 JP 2009-226420 A US Patent Application Publication No. 2009/0236321 International Publication No. 1992/000828 Pamphlet US Pat. No. 5,343,014 JP-A-62-068691 US Pat. No. 4,697,061
- the absorption rate of the laser beam is increased by the nickel plating film on the surface.
- the thermal conductivity of copper is high and the nickel plating film is thin, heat escapes from the laser light irradiated portion to the periphery, and the temperature around the laser light irradiated portion also rises.
- the conventional technique has a problem that a large amount of energy is required in order to sufficiently raise the temperature of the laser light irradiation portion and perform laser bonding.
- the present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and an object thereof is to provide a laser-joined component that secures sufficient joining strength with a small amount of laser energy and has a small increase in peripheral temperature, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- a metal member X made of a first metal material
- a metal member Y made of the first metal material and disposed on the metal member X; It is formed on the upper surface of the metal member Y, can be alloyed with the first metal material, has a higher laser light absorption rate than the first metal material, and has a breaking strength higher than that of the first metal material.
- a surface layer made of a second metal material having a high A resolidified portion formed from the surface of the surface layer to the inside of the metal member X by alloying of the first metal material and the second metal material melted by laser light irradiation from the surface layer And laser joining parts.
- the thickness of the metal member Y is 0.1 mm or more,
- the thickness of the said surface layer is a laser joining component as described in [1] which is 1/10 or more and 1/2 or less of the thickness of the metal member Y.
- the present invention provides the following method for manufacturing a laser-joined component.
- a metal member X made of a first metal material, a metal member Y made of the first metal material, and a second metal material that can be alloyed with the first metal material.
- a second step of forming a resolidified portion reaching the inside of X The method for manufacturing a laser-joined component, wherein the second metal material has a higher laser light absorption rate than the first metal material and a higher breaking strength than the first metal material.
- the second step is a step of irradiating the laser beam with an inclination with respect to a normal line of the surface of the surface layer.
- the laser joining component according to [9] further including a step of scanning the surface of the surface layer with the laser light in a direction not parallel to a plane including the normal line of the surface of the surface layer and the irradiation axis of the laser light. Manufacturing method.
- the present invention provides a battery including the laser-joined component according to any one of [1] to [8].
- the surface layer is formed of the second metal material having a higher breaking strength than the first metal material, and the re-solidified portion is formed by laser irradiation from the surface layer side.
- the re-solidified portion is formed by laser irradiation from the surface layer side.
- the thickness of the surface layer is usually larger than the thickness of the plating film. Therefore, according to the laser-joined component and the manufacturing method thereof of the present invention, a sufficient joining strength can be ensured with a small amount of laser energy, and the surrounding temperature rise can be reduced.
- Sectional drawing which shows the process of the laser joining component which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention, and its manufacturing method Sectional drawing which shows the process of the laser joining component which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention, and its manufacturing method Sectional drawing of the joining material of the laser joining component which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention, and its manufacturing method Sectional drawing which shows the process of the laser joining component which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention, and its manufacturing method Sectional drawing explaining the shape of the re-solidification part in this invention Sectional drawing which shows the welding state of the conventional laser joining components and its manufacturing method of patent document 1 Sectional drawing which shows the welding state of the conventional laser joining components described in patent document 2, and its manufacturing method
- the laser joining member of the present invention includes a metal member X, a metal member Y disposed on the metal member X, a surface layer formed on the upper surface of the metal member Y, and the interior of the metal member X from the surface of the surface layer. And a re-solidification part formed until.
- the metal member X and the metal member Y are both made of the first metal material.
- the first metal material can be selected from a metal or an alloy according to the application of the laser joining member.
- the shape of the metal member X is not particularly limited as long as the metal member Y is stacked.
- the metal member Y is not particularly limited as long as the thickness of a position where a re-solidified portion described later is formed is within a range in which the re-solidified portion can be formed by laser bonding.
- the thickness of the metal member Y is preferably 0.1 mm or more from the viewpoint of securing the strength as a structural material. From the viewpoint of forming the resolidified portion by laser bonding, the thickness of the portion of the metal member Y where the resolidified portion is formed is preferably 2.0 mm or less.
- the surface layer is made of a second metal material.
- a metal or alloy satisfying the conditions described later can be selected from metals or alloys.
- the second metal material can form an alloy when melted with the first metal material.
- the second metal material is preferably a material that forms a solid solution with the first metal material, but may be any metal material that can form an alloy.
- the absorption rate of the laser beam of the second metal material is higher than the absorption rate of the laser beam of the first metal material.
- the reflectance of the second metal material is smaller than the reflectance of the first metal material.
- the difference in reflectance of the second metal material with respect to the reflectance of the first metal material is preferably 1% or more from the viewpoint of reducing laser energy.
- the reflectance of the first metal material and the reflectance of the second metal material can be obtained by, for example, a spectrophotometer.
- the breaking strength of the second metal material is greater than the breaking strength of the first metal material.
- the breaking strength can be determined by measuring tensile strength.
- the breaking strength of the second metal material is preferably 0.2 kg / mm 2 or more larger than the breaking strength of the first metal material from the viewpoint of obtaining sufficient bonding strength in laser bonding.
- the melting temperature of the second metal material is preferably higher than the melting temperature of the first metal material from the viewpoint of forming the resolidified portion from the surface layer to a deeper position. It is preferable from the above viewpoint that the melting temperature of the second metal material is higher by 80 ° C. or more than the melting temperature of the first metal material.
- the thermal conductivity of the second metal material is preferably lower than the thermal conductivity of the first metal material from the viewpoint of forming the resolidified portion with a smaller laser irradiation area.
- the thermal conductivity of the second metal material is preferably lower than the thermal conductivity of the first metal material by 10 W / (m ⁇ K) or more from the above viewpoint.
- the corrosion resistance of the second metal material is preferably higher than that of the first metal material from the viewpoint of obtaining a rust prevention effect.
- the corrosion resistance is higher as the difference between the galvanic potential of the first metal material and the second galvanic potential of the second metal material is smaller.
- the difference between the galvanic potential of the first metal material and the second metal material galvanic potential is preferably 0.2 V or less from the above viewpoint.
- the surface layer is formed on the upper surface of the metal member Y.
- the surface layer may be formed on the entire upper surface of the metal member Y, or may be formed only on the laser light irradiated portion and its periphery.
- the surface layer is preferably formed on the upper surface of the metal member Y so that the surface layer is larger than a region irradiated with the focused laser beam, for example, a portion to be irradiated with the laser beam.
- the surface layer is formed on the upper surface of the metal member Y so as to be surrounded by a region having a width of at least 0.1 to 1.0 mm or more.
- the thickness of the surface layer at least in the laser light irradiated portion is 1/10 or more and 1/2 or less of the thickness of the metal member Y. That the thickness of the surface layer is in the above range is that the physical properties of the second metal material such as the breaking strength are sufficiently added to the resolidified portion by “alloying” in the resolidified portion described later. It is preferable from the viewpoint.
- the thickness of the surface layer is preferably 1.0 mm or less from the viewpoint of forming a re-solidified portion that reaches the inside of the metal member X.
- the surface layer can be formed on the upper surface of the metal member Y by, for example, a thick film forming method using powder. Moreover, a commercially available clad material can be used as the metal member Y having the surface layer.
- the resolidified portion is an alloy of the first metal material and the second metal material.
- the resolidified portion is integrally joined to the second metal material and the first metal material adjacent to the resolidified portion.
- the re-solidified portion is formed from the surface layer to the inside of the metal member X by alloying the first metal material and the second metal material melted by laser light irradiation on the surface layer. Is done.
- alloying means that the first metal material and the second metal material are alloyed so that the physical properties of the second metal material are remarkably and significantly developed. Say.
- the physical properties of the second metal material include breaking strength.
- “alloying” is different from laser bonding using a conventional plating film from the viewpoint of remarkably and significantly expressing desired physical properties of the second metal material in the resolidified portion.
- a conventional plating film As described above, in laser joining of copper plates, it is known to perform the laser joining by forming a nickel plating film on the laser light irradiation surface. The thickness of the plating film is usually about several ⁇ m. For this reason, in the laser joining by irradiating the plating film with laser light, the ratio of the amount of the second metal material (nickel) to the amount of the first metal material (copper) is small in the alloy composition of the resolidified portion. .
- the physical property (for example, breaking strength) of nickel is not fully expressed normally.
- the content of the second metal material in the re-solidified portion is that of the second metal material. The amount is less than the amount that significantly and significantly expresses the desired physical property.
- the re-solidified part can be confirmed by observing the cross section of the laser-joined part including the cross-section of the re-solidified part with an optical microscope. If the difference between the re-solidified part and the first metal material cannot be distinguished, the re-solidified part can be identified with a microscope by etching the cross section with acid or alkali as necessary. Is possible. Further, the composition of the metal material in the re-solidified part can be confirmed by an ordinary method for detecting the composition of the metal material, such as Auger electron spectroscopy or X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
- FIG. 5A shows a re-solidified portion formed along the normal of the surface of the surface layer on the laminate composed of the metal member X (reference numeral 1), the metal member Y (reference numeral 2), and the surface layer (reference numeral 3).
- Reference numeral 4a) is shown.
- FIG. 5B shows a re-solidified portion (reference numeral 4b) formed in the laminate by being inclined with respect to the normal of the surface of the surface layer.
- the inclination angle of the central axis of the resolidified portion 4b with respect to the normal of the surface of the surface layer is, for example, 5 to 45 degrees.
- L be the length of the resolidified portion along the normal of the surface of the surface layer.
- the length of the portion of the metal member X in the resolidified portion along the normal is Lx
- the length of the portion of the metal member Y in the resolidified portion along the normal is Ly
- the normal Let Ls be the length of the portion of the surface layer in the re-solidified portion along.
- the ratio of the amount of the second metal material to the amount of the first metal material in the alloy composition of the resolidified portion is , Depending on the size of Ls. For example, when the ratio (thickness ratio) of Ls to Ly is increased, the ratio of the second metal material in the alloy composition can be increased. Thereby, the physical properties of the second metal material in the re-solidified part can be more remarkably exhibited.
- the laser-joined component of the present invention may further include other configurations as long as the effects of the present invention are obtained.
- the laser joining component of the present invention may further include a metal member Z made of the first metal material between the metal member X and the metal member Y.
- the number of metal members Z used may be singular or plural.
- FIG. 5C shows a laminate formed of a metal member X (reference numeral 1), a metal member Z (reference numeral 5), a metal member Y (reference numeral 2), and a surface layer (reference numeral 3) along the normal of the surface layer.
- symbol 4c) made is shown.
- the length of the portion of the metal member Z in the resolidified portion along the normal line is Lz.
- Lz is also the thickness of the metal member Z.
- the thickness of the metal member Z can be appropriately determined as long as the re-solidified portion can reach the inside of the metal member X from the surface layer via the metal member Y and the metal member Z. .
- the laser-joined component of the present invention may further include an intermediate layer formed on the upper surface of the metal member X or the lower surface of the metal member Y.
- the intermediate layer is made of the second metal material.
- the intermediate layer may be formed on the entire upper surface of the metal member X or the lower surface of the metal member Y, or may be formed only at a position corresponding to the laser irradiation portion.
- FIG. 5D shows a laminate composed of a metal member X (reference numeral 1), an intermediate layer (reference numeral 6), a metal member Y (reference numeral 2), and a surface layer (reference numeral 3) along the surface normal of the surface layer.
- the formed resolidified part (reference numeral 4d) is shown.
- the length of the intermediate layer portion in the resolidified portion along the normal is Li. Li is also the thickness of the intermediate layer.
- the width of the upper surface of the metal member X is W1
- the width of the upper surface of the metal member Y is W2.
- W1 is also the width of the resolidified portion at the intersection of the interface between the metal member X and the metal member Y (metal member Z in FIG. 5C) and the central axis Ax of the resolidified portion.
- W2 is also the width of the resolidified portion at the intersection of the interface between the metal member Y and the surface layer and the central axis Ax of the resolidified portion.
- the surface layer side in the said re-solidification part is made into a base end side
- the metal member X side is made into the front end side.
- the re-solidified portion usually has a shape having a constant width at the base end portion and gradually reducing the width at the tip end portion. Therefore, W1 is usually smaller than W2.
- the laser-joined component of the present invention can be manufactured by the following method.
- the method of manufacturing a laser-joined component according to the present invention includes a first step of preparing a laminate in which a metal member X, a metal member Y, and the surface layer are stacked in this order from below, and the laminate is laser-treated.
- the second metal material constituting the surface layer and the first metal material constituting the metal member X and the metal member Y are alloyed while being melted by laser light irradiation.
- the first step can be performed by forming the surface layer on the upper surface of the metal member Y and placing the metal member Y on the metal member X.
- the first step can be performed by placing a clad material on the metal member X.
- the “cladding material” includes a member of the first metal material and the surface layer of the second metal material formed on an upper surface of the member, and the second metal material is the first metal material. It is in pressure contact with the metal material.
- the metal member Y or the clad material may be temporarily fixed to the metal member X for positioning.
- the laser beam irradiated in the second step can be selected according to the types of the first metal material and the second metal material.
- a laser beam having a wavelength at which the difference in the reflectance of light on the mirror surface of the first metal material with respect to the reflectance of light on the mirror surface of the second metal material is 1% or more is suitable. You can choose to.
- the wavelength of the laser beam is preferably 0.8 to 2.0 ⁇ m.
- the laser beam is a laser beam that is deeply absorbed by the metal member with a small irradiation area, so that the cross-sectional area in the axial direction of the re-solidified portion is reduced and the re-solidified portion that is longer along the axial direction From the viewpoint of forming An example of such a laser light source is a fiber laser.
- the second step is a step of irradiating the laser beam with an inclination with respect to the normal of the surface of the surface layer
- the resolidified portion oblique to the normal can be obtained.
- the oblique resolidified portion is preferable from the viewpoint of further increasing the bonding strength along the normal direction.
- the tilt angle of the laser beam irradiation axis with respect to the normal is preferably 5 to 45 degrees from the viewpoint of stabilizing the laser irradiation and obtaining the re-solidified portion having a sufficient depth (FIG. 4). ).
- the method for manufacturing a laser-joined component according to the present invention may further include other steps as long as the effects of the present invention are obtained.
- Examples of such other steps include a step of scanning the surface of the surface layer with the laser beam.
- the scanning direction of the laser beam is inclined with respect to the normal line, and from the viewpoint of obtaining higher bonding strength by irradiating the laser beam, the normal line and the irradiation axis
- the direction is not parallel to the plane including
- the scanning direction of the laser light is preferably perpendicular to the plane including the normal and the irradiation axis from the above viewpoint (Embodiment 3).
- the battery of the present invention includes the above-described laser bonding component of the present invention.
- the laser joining component is suitable for an electrode member in a single cell or a battery pack.
- the said laser joining component can be used also for the structural material of the said battery pack.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing steps of a laser-joined component and a manufacturing method thereof according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- a clad material 31 is stacked on a copper plate 34 having a thickness of 0.4 mm.
- the clad material 31 is formed by forming a nickel layer 33 having a thickness of 0.1 mm on a copper plate 32 having a thickness of 0.2 mm.
- the clad material 31 is overlaid at a desired position on the copper plate 34 with the nickel layer 33 facing upward.
- the copper plate 34 corresponds to the metal member X.
- the copper plate 32 corresponds to the metal member Y.
- the nickel layer 33 corresponds to the surface layer. Copper corresponds to the first metal material.
- Nickel corresponds to the second metal material.
- a laminate of the clad material 31 on the copper plate 32 corresponds to the laminate.
- the laser light 35 irradiated from above the nickel layer 33 is condensed by the condenser lens 36 and irradiated onto the nickel layer 33.
- the laser beam 35 is a fiber laser with a wavelength of 1.08 ⁇ m irradiated with an output of 260 W. Then, the upper surface of the nickel layer 33 is scanned with a laser beam 35 in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG.
- the reflectivity at the copper mirror surface and the reflectivity at the nickel mirror surface of light having a wavelength of 0.5 ⁇ m corresponding to the second harmonic YAG laser are both 62%.
- the reflectance at the copper mirror surface and the reflectance at the nickel mirror surface of light having a wavelength of 10.6 ⁇ m corresponding to the carbon dioxide laser are both 97% or more.
- the reflectance of the copper mirror surface of light having a wavelength of 1.06 ⁇ m, which is close to that of a YAG laser, fiber laser, or semiconductor laser, is 98%, while the reflectance of nickel mirror surface is 67%. Therefore, the absorption efficiency of nickel of the YAG laser, fiber laser, and semiconductor laser is considerably higher than that of copper. For this reason, it is preferable to efficiently absorb the laser into the nickel layer using a laser having a wavelength of 0.8 to 2.0 ⁇ m, such as a YAG laser, a fiber laser, or a semiconductor laser.
- the melting temperature of copper is 1,083 ° C.
- the melting temperature of nickel is 1,453 ° C.
- the density of copper and the density of nickel are both 8.93 g / cm 2 .
- the thermal conductivity of copper is 398 W / (m ⁇ K)
- the thermal conductivity of nickel is 90.5 W / (m ⁇ K).
- the laser bonding of this embodiment is suitable for laser bonding performed near an electronic component or the like that may be damaged by exposure to high temperatures.
- the fiber laser has particularly good light condensing performance, and can narrow the condensing spot diameter to several tens of ⁇ m. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1C, a melted portion having a small area on the surface of the nickel layer 33 is formed, and the laser energy reaches deep inside the laminate. Therefore, a thin and deep melted part can be formed by keyhole processing.
- the melted portion flows into the perforated portion by the laser to form a nickel melted region 37 having a long depth and a narrow width, and a copper melted region 38 is formed around the nickel melted region 37 by heat propagation.
- the nickel melting region 37 and the copper melting region 38 are agitated by laser energy, convection in the melting region, or the like.
- both metals are all solid solutions. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 1D, both metals are easily alloyed at an arbitrary composition ratio while melting, and the alloying proceeds in the depth direction. As a result, a resolidified portion 39 by alloying is formed from the surface of the nickel layer 33 to the inside of the copper plate 34, and connects the clad material 31 and the copper plate 34. The resolidified portion 39 is also alloyed at the interface between the clad material 31 and the copper plate 34. Since the re-solidification part 39 is solidified while being stirred as described above, there are few structures characteristic of static solidification such as a columnar structure, and the composition varies depending on the location and is not constant.
- the tensile strength of copper which is an index of breaking strength, is 21.7 kgf / mm 2 (212.8 N / mm 2 ), and the tensile strength of nickel is 32.2 kgf / mm 2 (315.8 N / mm 2 ).
- the hardness of the resolidified portion 39 is higher than the hardness of the resolidified portion of the single copper.
- the strength of the resolidified portion 39 is higher than the strength of the resolidified portion of the single copper depending on the nickel content. Therefore, the welding area in the present embodiment necessary for obtaining the same breaking strength may be smaller than the welding area in the welded part of the laser joining of copper.
- the fracture strength of the welded part obtained is 2 N / mm.
- the breaking strength of the resolidified portion 39 is 12 N / mm.
- the combination of the first metal material and the second metal material in the present invention is not limited to the combination of copper and nickel.
- the second metal material forming the surface layer has a lower laser beam reflectivity and higher breaking strength than the first metal material, the combination of the first metal material and the second metal material The same effect can be obtained with a combination of metals that are easily alloyed. For example, if a copper alloy containing copper as a main component, such as brass or bronze, is used as the first metal material instead of copper, the same effect can be obtained.
- binary alloys of iron and copper are all solid solutions, and the same effect can be obtained by forming an iron layer having a low reflectance on the surface of the copper plate as the surface layer.
- the binary alloy of iron and chromium is also a solid solution, and the same effect can be obtained by forming an iron layer having a low reflectance on the surface of the chromium plate as the surface layer.
- a chromium layer as the surface layer is formed on the aluminum plate surface, an aluminum layer as the surface layer is formed on the copper plate surface, Or the same effect is acquired by forming the iron layer as said surface layer in the aluminum plate surface.
- the thickness of the copper plate 32 is, for example, 0.1 mm or more from the viewpoint of securing the strength as a structural material.
- the absorption depth of a metal material of light having a wavelength of 0.5 to 10.6 ⁇ m which many processing lasers have is 0.007 to 0.037 ⁇ m. Therefore, if the purpose is only to improve the absorption rate of laser light, the thickness of the nickel layer 33 may be 0.04% of the thickness of the copper plate 32 of 0.1 mm.
- the thickness of the nickel plating layer having a thickness of several ⁇ m is several percent of the thickness of 0.1 mm in the copper plate 32.
- the alloy of the metal of the surface layer (nickel in this embodiment) and the metal of the metal material
- a smaller amount of the metal component of the surface layer than the metal component of the metal material significantly and significantly expresses the physical properties of the metal of the surface layer.
- the metal component of the surface layer is contained in the alloy in an amount of at least 10% and not more than 50%.
- the thickness of the nickel layer 33 is not less than 1/10 and not more than 1/2 of the thickness of the copper plate 32.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the steps of the laser-joined component and the manufacturing method thereof according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 (e) is an optical micrograph (halftone image displayed on the display) of a cross section including the re-solidified portion of the laser-joined component in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 2 the same components as those in FIG.
- FIG. 2 differs from FIG. 1 in that, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), a clad material 31 is added to the copper plate 32 and the nickel layer 33, and a thickness of 0.05 mm is formed under the copper plate 32 (lower surface). That is, the clad material 42 further includes the nickel layer 40.
- the nickel layer 40 corresponds to the intermediate layer.
- the nickel melting region 37b having a long depth and a narrow width is formed by keyhole processing. Also, a copper melting region 38b is formed around the nickel melting region 37b by the propagation of heat. When the nickel melting region 37b reaches the nickel layer 40, nickel is newly melted. Therefore, not only the nickel melting region 37 b extends in the depth direction, but also a wide copper melting region 38 c is formed in the copper plate 34.
- the resolidified portion 39b has a slightly larger diameter at the interface between the nickel layer 40 and the copper plate 34 ( W1> W2). Further, the nickel concentration in the portion where the diameter is increased in the resolidified portion 39b is increased. This not only increases the bonding area, but also increases the amount of nickel, thereby further improving the bonding strength.
- the same result can be obtained by using a clad material 44 made of a copper plate 34 and a nickel layer 45 formed on the upper surface thereof instead of the copper plate 34. .
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the steps of the laser-joined component and the manufacturing method thereof according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4C is an optical micrograph (halftone image displayed on the display) of a cross section including the re-solidified portion of the laser-joined component in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 4 differs from FIG. 2 in that, as shown in FIG. 4A, the condensing lens 36b is inclined so that the laser beam 35b can be irradiated obliquely, and is perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 4A. That is, the surface of the nickel layer 33 was scanned with a laser beam in the direction. Scanning direction, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), is the direction perpendicular to the plane including the normal to Ns of the surface of the nickel layer 33, an irradiation axis A L of the laser beam crossing the. Further, the angle and the illumination axis A L that intersects a normal Ns thereto formed on the surface of the nickel layer 33 and the inclination angle I A.
- the scanning direction is not necessarily a direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG.
- the laser beam 35b is partially reflected on the surface of the nickel layer 33 and returned to the laser oscillator, thereby preventing the oscillation state in the laser oscillator from becoming unstable. it can.
- the alloyed re-solidified portion 39c is oblique to the normal line Ns inside the clad material 42 and the copper plate 34. Formed.
- the resolidified portion 39c is formed obliquely with respect to each copper plate, the resolidified portion 39c is not easily destroyed by the peeling stress in the plate thickness direction. For this reason, the resistance force to the peeling stress can be further increased as compared with the case where the resolidified portion is formed perpendicular to the surface of each copper plate.
- the angle (tilt angle) at which the laser beam 35b is tilted is 5 degrees or more from the normal line of the surface of the nickel layer 33, return of the irradiated laser beam to the laser oscillator can be avoided.
- the inclination angle is large, the reflectance of the laser light 35 b at the surface layer increases, and the irradiation energy may be difficult to be absorbed by the clad material 42. Moreover, the depth of the resolidification part 39c may become shallow. From these viewpoints, the inclination angle is preferably 45 degrees or less.
- the laser-joined component and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention can secure a sufficient joining strength with a small amount of laser energy, and can reduce the surrounding temperature rise. For this reason, it can be applied not only to mechanical parts but also to applications such as ensuring the strength of battery electrode materials and the like and ensuring conductivity such as electricity and heat.
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Abstract
Description
[1] 第一の金属材料からなる金属部材Xと、
前記第一の金属材料からなり、金属部材X上に配置される金属部材Yと、
金属部材Yの上面に形成され、前記第一の金属材料と合金化することができ、前記第一の金属材料よりもレーザ光の吸収率が高く、かつ前記第一の金属材料よりも破断強度が高い第二の金属材料からなる表面層と、
前記表面層上からのレーザ光の照射によって溶融した前記第一の金属材料と前記第二の金属材料の合金化によって、前記表面層の表面から金属部材Xの内部まで形成されている再凝固部と、を含む、レーザ接合部品。
[2] 金属部材Yの厚さは0.1mm以上であり、
前記表面層の厚さは金属部材Yの厚さの10分の1以上2分の1以下である、[1]に記載のレーザ接合部品。
[3] 前記第二の金属材料の溶融温度は、前記第一の金属材料の溶融温度よりも高い、[1]又は[2]に記載のレーザ接合部品。
[4] 金属部材Xの上面における前記再凝固部の幅は、金属部材Yの上面における前記再凝固部の幅よりも大きい、[1]~[3]のいずれか一項に記載のレーザ接合部品。
[5] 前記第二の金属材料は、前記第一の金属材料よりも耐食性が高い、[1]~[4]のいずれか一項に記載のレーザ接合部品。
[6] 前記第一の金属材料はCuであり、前記第二の金属材料はNiである、[1]~[5]のいずれか一項に記載のレーザ接合部品。
[7] 金属部材Xの上面又は金属部材Yの下面に形成される、前記第二の金属材料からなる中間層をさらに含む、[1]~[6]のいずれか一項に記載のレーザ接合部品。
[8] 前記表面層の表面の法線に対する前記再凝固部の中心軸線の傾斜角が5~45度である[1]~[7]のいずれか一項に記載のレーザ接合部品。
[9] 第一の金属材料からなる金属部材Xと、前記第一の金属材料からなる金属部材Yと、前記第一の金属材料と合金化することができる第二の金属材料からなり、金属部材Yの上面に形成される表面層と、を下からこの順で重ねた積層体を準備する第一の工程と、
前記表面層にレーザ光を照射して、前記表面層の前記第二の金属材料と金属部材X及び金属部材Yの前記第一の金属材料との合金化によって、前記表面層の表面から金属部材Xの内部に達する再凝固部を形成する第二の工程と、を含み、
前記第二の金属材料は、前記第一の金属材料よりもレーザ光の吸収率が高く、かつ前記第一の金属材料よりも破断強度が高い、レーザ接合部品の製造方法。
[10] 前記第二の工程は、前記レーザ光を前記表面層の表面の法線に対して傾斜させて照射する工程であり、
前記表面層の表面の法線と前記レーザ光の照射軸とを含む面に平行でない方向に前記レーザ光で前記表面層の表面を走査する工程をさらに含む、[9]に記載のレーザ接合部品の製造方法。
[11] 前記法線に対する前記照射軸の傾斜角が5~45度である、[10]に記載のレーザ接合部品の製造方法。
[12] 前記レーザ光の波長は、0.8~2.0μmである、[9]~[11]のいずれか一項に記載のレーザ接合部品の製造方法。
[13] 前記レーザ光を照射するレーザ発振器は、ファイバーレーザ発振器である、[9]~[12]のいずれか一項に記載のレーザ接合部品の製造方法。
本発明におけるレーザ接合部品の製造方法は、金属部材Xと、金属部材Yと、前記表面層と、を下からこの順で重ねた積層体を準備する第一の工程と、前記積層体をレーザ光で照射して前記表面層の表面から金属部材Xの内部に達する再凝固部を形成する第二の工程と、を含む。前記第二の工程では、前記表面層を構成する前記第二の金属材料と金属部材X及び金属部材Yを構成する前記第一の金属材料とを、レーザ光の照射によって溶かしながら合金化する。
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1におけるレーザ接合部品およびその製造方法の工程を示す断面図である。
図2は、本発明の実施の形態2に係る、レーザ接合部品およびその製造方法の工程を示す断面図である。図2(e)は、実施の形態の2におけるレーザ接合部品の再凝固部を含む断面の光学顕微鏡写真(ディスプレイ上に表示した中間調画像)である。図2において、図1と同じ構成要素については同じ符号を用い、説明を省略する。
図4は、本発明の実施の形態3に係る、レーザ接合部品およびその製造方法の工程を示す断面図である。図4(c)は、実施の形態の3におけるレーザ接合部品の再凝固部を含む断面の光学顕微鏡写真(ディスプレイ上に表示した中間調画像)である。
2 金属部材Y
3 表面層
4a~4d、39、39b、39c 再凝固部
5 金属部材Z
6 中間層
11、31、42、44 クラッド材
12、32、34 銅板
13 ニッケルめっき膜
22、23 クラッド板
24、24’ 高融点材料
25、25’ 低融点材料
26、27 ビート部
28、29 接触部
33、40、45 ニッケル層
35、35b レーザ光
36、36b 集光レンズ
37、37b ニッケル溶融領域
38、38c 銅溶融領域
AL レーザ光35bの照射軸
Ax 再凝固部4a~4dの中心軸線
IA 傾斜角
L 再凝固部4a~4dの長さ
Li 再凝固部4a~4d中の中間層6の長さ
Ls 再凝固部4a~4d中の表面層3の長さ
Lx 再凝固部4a~4d中の金属部材Xの長さ
Ly 再凝固部4a~4d中の金属部材Yの長さ
Lz 再凝固部4a~4d中の金属部材Zの長さ
Ns ニッケル層33の上面の法線
W1 金属部材Xの上面における再凝固部4a~4dの幅
W2 金属部材Yの上面における再凝固部4a~4dの幅
Claims (14)
- 第一の金属材料からなる金属部材Xと、
前記第一の金属材料からなり、金属部材X上に配置される金属部材Yと、
金属部材Yの上面に形成され、前記第一の金属材料と合金化することができ、前記第一の金属材料よりもレーザ光の吸収率が高く、かつ前記第一の金属材料よりも破断強度が高い第二の金属材料からなる表面層と、
前記表面層上からのレーザ光の照射によって溶融した前記第一の金属材料と前記第二の金属材料の合金化によって、前記表面層の表面から金属部材Xの内部まで形成されている再凝固部と、を含む、レーザ接合部品。 - 金属部材Yの厚さは0.1mm以上であり、
前記表面層の厚さは金属部材Yの厚さの10分の1以上2分の1以下である、請求項1に記載のレーザ接合部品。 - 前記第二の金属材料の溶融温度は、前記第一の金属材料の溶融温度よりも高い、請求項1に記載のレーザ接合部品。
- 金属部材Xの上面における前記再凝固部の幅は、金属部材Yの上面における前記再凝固部の幅よりも大きい、請求項1に記載のレーザ接合部品。
- 前記第二の金属材料は、前記第一の金属材料よりも耐食性が高い、請求項1に記載のレーザ接合部品。
- 前記第一の金属材料はCuであり、前記第二の金属材料はNiである、請求項1に記載のレーザ接合部品。
- 金属部材Xの上面又は金属部材Yの下面に形成される、前記第二の金属材料からなる中間層をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のレーザ接合部品。
- 前記表面層の表面の法線に対する前記再凝固部の中心軸線の傾斜角が5~45度である請求項1に記載のレーザ接合部品。
- 第一の金属材料からなる金属部材Xと、前記第一の金属材料からなる金属部材Yと、前記第一の金属材料と合金化することができる第二の金属材料からなり、金属部材Yの上面に形成される表面層と、を下からこの順で重ねた積層体を準備する第一の工程と、
前記表面層にレーザ光を照射して、前記表面層の前記第二の金属材料と金属部材X及び金属部材Yの前記第一の金属材料との合金化によって、前記表面層の表面から金属部材Xの内部に達する再凝固部を形成する第二の工程と、を含み、
前記第二の金属材料は、前記第一の金属材料よりもレーザ光の吸収率が高く、かつ前記第一の金属材料よりも破断強度が高い、レーザ接合部品の製造方法。 - 前記第二の工程は、前記レーザ光を前記表面層の表面の法線に対して傾斜させて照射する工程であり、
前記表面層の表面の法線と前記レーザ光の照射軸とを含む面に平行でない方向に前記レーザ光で前記表面層の表面を走査する工程をさらに含む、請求項9に記載のレーザ接合部品の製造方法。 - 前記法線に対する前記照射軸の傾斜角が5~45度である、請求項10に記載のレーザ接合部品の製造方法。
- 前記レーザ光の波長は、0.8~2.0μmである、請求項9に記載のレーザ接合部品の製造方法。
- 前記レーザ光を照射するレーザ発振器は、ファイバーレーザ発振器である、請求項9に記載のレーザ接合部品の製造方法。
- 請求項1に記載のレーザ接合部品を含む電池。
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CN116526077A (zh) * | 2022-12-02 | 2023-08-01 | 广州安费诺诚信软性电路有限公司 | 一种软性电路板铜箔与铝排的直接焊接方法 |
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JP2010069489A (ja) * | 2008-09-16 | 2010-04-02 | Aisin Aw Co Ltd | 銅部材のレーザ溶接方法 |
Cited By (7)
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JP2016207412A (ja) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-12-08 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | レーザ溶接物及び電池のレーザ溶接良否判定方法 |
JP2017199552A (ja) * | 2016-04-27 | 2017-11-02 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
JP2019188436A (ja) * | 2018-04-25 | 2019-10-31 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | レーザ溶接方法 |
JP7063083B2 (ja) | 2018-04-25 | 2022-05-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | レーザ溶接方法 |
US11660705B2 (en) | 2018-04-25 | 2023-05-30 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Laser welding method |
JP2022118812A (ja) * | 2021-02-03 | 2022-08-16 | プライムアースEvエナジー株式会社 | 二次電池の製造方法及び端子部品の製造方法 |
JP7333356B2 (ja) | 2021-02-03 | 2023-08-24 | プライムアースEvエナジー株式会社 | 二次電池の製造方法及び端子部品の製造方法 |
Also Published As
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CN103140320B (zh) | 2015-07-22 |
KR101435596B1 (ko) | 2014-08-28 |
JPWO2012124255A1 (ja) | 2014-07-17 |
JP5124056B1 (ja) | 2013-01-23 |
CN103140320A (zh) | 2013-06-05 |
KR20130063536A (ko) | 2013-06-14 |
US20130171467A1 (en) | 2013-07-04 |
US9944048B2 (en) | 2018-04-17 |
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