WO2012075964A1 - 钕系均相稀土催化剂及其应用 - Google Patents
钕系均相稀土催化剂及其应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012075964A1 WO2012075964A1 PCT/CN2011/083777 CN2011083777W WO2012075964A1 WO 2012075964 A1 WO2012075964 A1 WO 2012075964A1 CN 2011083777 W CN2011083777 W CN 2011083777W WO 2012075964 A1 WO2012075964 A1 WO 2012075964A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- aluminum
- solution
- isoprene
- polymerization
- Prior art date
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 254
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 14
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- -1 neodymium carboxylate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000005234 alkyl aluminium group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 247
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 193
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 134
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 112
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M diethylaluminium chloride Chemical compound CC[Al](Cl)CC YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000460 chlorine Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(=C)C(C)=C SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7,7-dimethyloctanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCC(O)=O YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical group [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052801 chlorine Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M Sodium oleate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylalumane Chemical compound CCCC[Al](CCCC)CCCC SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N (E)-1,3-pentadiene Chemical compound C\C=C\C=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- SIPUZPBQZHNSDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-methylpropyl)aluminum Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al]CC(C)C SIPUZPBQZHNSDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 claims description 6
- KBLZFQBDODEHJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylalumane Chemical compound C(CCC)[AlH]CCCC KBLZFQBDODEHJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- HJXBDPDUCXORKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylalumane Chemical compound CC[AlH]CC HJXBDPDUCXORKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperylene Natural products CC=CC=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920005552 sodium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- AHAREKHAZNPPMI-AATRIKPKSA-N (3e)-hexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC\C=C\C=C AHAREKHAZNPPMI-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WRKCIHRWQZQBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O WRKCIHRWQZQBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HSJXWMZKBLUOLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2-dodecylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O HSJXWMZKBLUOLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- ORYGRKHDLWYTKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihexylalumane Chemical compound CCCCCC[Al](CCCCCC)CCCCCC ORYGRKHDLWYTKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CNWZYDSEVLFSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylalumane Chemical compound CCC[Al](CCC)CCC CNWZYDSEVLFSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoic acid 3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)CC1 HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OEOIWYCWCDBOPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methyl-heptanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCC(O)=O OEOIWYCWCDBOPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NIYPDCHQSYVMJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ClC(C(C)C)([AlH]CC(C)C)Cl Chemical compound ClC(C(C)C)([AlH]CC(C)C)Cl NIYPDCHQSYVMJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940073608 benzyl chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NBRKLOOSMBRFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)Cl NBRKLOOSMBRFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AGEZXYOZHKGVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl bromide Chemical compound BrCC1=CC=CC=C1 AGEZXYOZHKGVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- AZFVLHQDIIJLJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethylsilane Chemical compound [SiH3]CCl AZFVLHQDIIJLJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CPDVHGLWIFENDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihexylalumane Chemical class C(CCCCC)[AlH]CCCCCC CPDVHGLWIFENDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZSSCJWAUUPQBQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipentylalumane Chemical compound C(CCCC)[AlH]CCCCC ZSSCJWAUUPQBQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- ZUVCYFMOHFTGDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O ZUVCYFMOHFTGDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- NSPSPMKCKIPQBH-UHFFFAOYSA-K bismuth;7,7-dimethyloctanoate Chemical compound [Bi+3].CC(C)(C)CCCCCC([O-])=O.CC(C)(C)CCCCCC([O-])=O.CC(C)(C)CCCCCC([O-])=O NSPSPMKCKIPQBH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- QHOWYOKUKZPTPL-KVVVOXFISA-N (z)-octadec-9-enoic acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O QHOWYOKUKZPTPL-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XEGMDUOAESTQCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(naphthalen-1-ylmethyl)naphthalene;sodium Chemical compound [Na].C1=CC=C2C(CC=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC=3)=CC=CC2=C1 XEGMDUOAESTQCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- SCIGVHCNNXTQDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O SCIGVHCNNXTQDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ISUMGAMVGMYOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-L dichloro(4,4-dichlorobutyl)alumane Chemical compound ClC(CCC[Al](Cl)Cl)Cl ISUMGAMVGMYOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- XOCWTYIVWYOSGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylalumane Chemical compound C(CC)[AlH]CCC XOCWTYIVWYOSGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002899 organoaluminium compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 4
- 229910000091 aluminium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 250
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 119
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 50
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 47
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 47
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 47
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 43
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 229920003049 isoprene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 39
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000002815 homogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 16
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 11
- UZGARMTXYXKNQR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 7,7-dimethyloctanoate;neodymium(3+) Chemical compound [Nd+3].CC(C)(C)CCCCCC([O-])=O.CC(C)(C)CCCCCC([O-])=O.CC(C)(C)CCCCCC([O-])=O UZGARMTXYXKNQR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- BGNXCDMCOKJUMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butylhydroquinone Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(O)=CC=C1O BGNXCDMCOKJUMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 8
- FPNJMPPBAKVDAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N CO.C(C)(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(=CC(=C1)O)C(C)(C)C Chemical compound CO.C(C)(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(=CC(=C1)O)C(C)(C)C FPNJMPPBAKVDAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 7
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 6
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 6
- JFGVTUJBHHZRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-1,4-benzenediol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O JFGVTUJBHHZRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HSULNFGSJFUXON-UHFFFAOYSA-K 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate;neodymium(3+) Chemical compound [Nd+3].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HSULNFGSJFUXON-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OQONZDAGDNHFMF-UHFFFAOYSA-H C(CC(O)(C(=O)[O-])CC(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-].[Nd+3].[Nd+3].C(CC(O)(C(=O)[O-])CC(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-] Chemical compound C(CC(O)(C(=O)[O-])CC(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-].[Nd+3].[Nd+3].C(CC(O)(C(=O)[O-])CC(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-] OQONZDAGDNHFMF-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 4
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 4
- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001924 cycloalkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 3
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- KKMOSYLWYLMHAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-6-nitroaniline Chemical compound NC1=C(Br)C=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O KKMOSYLWYLMHAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical group [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003244 diene elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000259 polyoxyethylene lauryl ether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(C(=O)N)=CC2=C1 GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWNADWZGEHDQAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dimethylhexane Chemical group CC(C)CCC(C)C UWNADWZGEHDQAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBCNCSKRBWPAKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-1-[4-(2-chloropropanoyl)phenyl]propan-1-one Chemical compound CC(Cl)C(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)C(C)Cl)C=C1 NBCNCSKRBWPAKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCRSURVHPFWDPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CC(=C)C=C ZCRSURVHPFWDPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 7,7-dimethyloctanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCC([O-])=O YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OSDWBNJEKMUWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Allyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC=C OSDWBNJEKMUWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- ASZJTOHZETXGIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].C[PH+](C)C.C[PH+](C)C.C[PH+](C)C Chemical compound P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].C[PH+](C)C.C[PH+](C)C.C[PH+](C)C ASZJTOHZETXGIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010036790 Productive cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003679 aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001348 alkyl chlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FXNONNRUNQPNLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium;2-ethylhexanoic acid Chemical compound [Ce].CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O.CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O.CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O FXNONNRUNQPNLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- AOGYCOYQMAVAFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorocarbonic acid Chemical class OC(Cl)=O AOGYCOYQMAVAFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- WADSLQQIOJIXTB-UHFFFAOYSA-L dichloroalumane Chemical compound Cl[AlH]Cl WADSLQQIOJIXTB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CQYBWJYIKCZXCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylaluminum Chemical compound CC[Al]CC CQYBWJYIKCZXCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCRMGUFGEDUSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalen-1-ylsulfonyloxymethyl naphthalene-1-sulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(OCOS(=O)(=O)C=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC=3)=O)=CC=CC2=C1 LCRMGUFGEDUSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HAQNILKXKHODOO-UHFFFAOYSA-K octanoate;ruthenium(3+) Chemical compound [Ru+3].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O HAQNILKXKHODOO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940096992 potassium oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940114930 potassium stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MLICVSDCCDDWMD-KVVVOXFISA-M potassium;(z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O MLICVSDCCDDWMD-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 1
- ANBFRLKBEIFNQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;octadecanoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O ANBFRLKBEIFNQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- GGFBICGBDXVAGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylaluminum Chemical compound [Al].[CH2]CC GGFBICGBDXVAGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010092 rubber production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LUZSXLWAUXSKHK-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-octadecoxy-4-oxobutanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC([O-])=O LUZSXLWAUXSKHK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003802 sputum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000024794 sputum Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- AALQBIFJJJPDHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;thiophosphate;dodecahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=S AALQBIFJJJPDHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F36/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F36/02—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F36/04—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rare earth catalyst, and in particular to a novel lanthanide homogeneous rare earth catalyst, a preparation method thereof and use thereof.
- the lanthanide homogeneous rare earth catalyst provided by the present invention is particularly suitable for use as a catalyst for conjugated diene polymerization to synthesize a polyconjugated diene elastomer having a high cis structure content. Background technique
- Cis-1,4-isoprene rubber because of its structure and properties similar to natural rubber, is called “synthetic natural rubber", especially when the content of cis structure in IR is more than 99%. Comparable to natural rubber.
- Rare earth catalysts are characterized by high activity and high directionality and are the preferred catalyst for the synthesis of IR. Most of the currently disclosed technologies are heterogeneous catalysts, such as rare earth chloride systems (CN1834121A, CN1861649A) and rare earth acid (phosphonic acid) salt systems.
- Heterogeneous catalysts have poor stability and are difficult to store and transport. They may have multiple active centers, and polymers with a wide molecular weight distribution are often obtained, which increases the viscosity of the polymerization system, and transfers heat, transport, spray, and coagulation. The production process brings difficulties. In addition, heterogeneous catalysts are difficult to accurately measure, making the polymerization process and product structure difficult to control and master, and difficult to apply in industrialization.
- the conjugated diene is subjected to directional polymerization under the action of a rare earth catalyst, and can be synthesized to have a high cis structure content.
- high molecular weight polymers such as polybutadiene and polyisoprene
- the polyisoprene rubber catalyzed by rare earth catalyst is superior to the titanium-based catalyst in the synthesis of polyisoprene rubber, and its microstructure and macroscopic properties are closest to natural rubber, which is the most natural rubber.
- the polybutadiene rubber catalyzed by rare earth catalysis has better green rubber strength and vulcanizate performance than the polybutadiene rubber catalyzed by conventional titanium, cobalt and nickel catalysts, and is suitable for high-speed driving of automobiles. Requires that it can be used to make high performance tires.
- the composition and preparation conditions of the catalyst can determine the activity of the catalyst as well as the structure of the synthesized polymer.
- Rare Earth Catalyst Synthetic Rubber (1980, Science Press, pp. 72-82) refers to a heterogeneous catalyst consisting of bismuth naphthenate/triisobutylaluminum/dichloroaluminum chloride. , 4-isomers having a structural content of less than 95%, but due to the low content of cis 1,4-structure, the polymer properties are not satisfactory.
- the heterogeneous catalytic system may have problems such as poor stability due to the existence of multiple active centers, and difficulty in controlling the catalytic process and the polymerization process.
- a homogeneous rare earth catalyst can be obtained by changing the catalyst composition and preparation conditions to solve the above problems.
- the conjugated diene is introduced into the three-way catalytic system.
- homogeneous catalysts (CN1347923A, CN101045768A) can be prepared.
- the molar ratio of strontium to monomer is usually above 3.4 ⁇ 10 4 , and the cis-structure of polyisoprene is relatively low, ranging from 96.1 to 97.2%.
- the 13 ⁇ 4 hydrocarbons such as tert-butyl chloride, benzyl chloride and allyl chloride and the 13 ⁇ 4 silane are 13 ⁇ 4 donors, and the rare earth carboxylate and alkyl aluminum form a three-way catalytic system, which can be less than Cl/Nd ratio.
- the prepared polyisoprene has a low cis structure content of about 96%.
- chloroalkanes such as trichloroethane, chloroform and 1,4-bis(2-chloro-propanyl)benzene and chlorocarboxylates are (3 ⁇ 4 prime donors, with rare earth carboxylates, alkyl groups)
- CN100448898C discloses a homogeneous catalyst consisting of ruthenium carboxylate/alkylaluminum/organic (3 ⁇ 4 hydrocarbon/conjugated olefin or carboxylic acid) in a catalyst component ratio of 1: 1 ⁇ 30:1 ⁇ 50:0 ⁇
- ruthenium carboxylate/alkylaluminum/organic 3 ⁇ 4 hydrocarbon/conjugated olefin or carboxylic acid
- US 2005/0137338 A1 proposes the addition of a small amount of a diene monomer during the aging of the catalyst, which is advantageous for increasing the activity of the catalyst.
- the catalyst is composed of ruthenium carboxylate/alkylaluminum (triisobutylaluminum or diisobutylaluminum hydride) / (3 ⁇ 4 element, ruthenium carboxylate, alkyl aluminum, (3 ⁇ 4) in the order of addition catalyst, synthetic Polyisoprene rubber has a cis 1,4-structure content between 98.0 and 99.5% and a molecular weight distribution between 1.0 and 2.5.
- halogens such as chlorine
- CN101045768A Disclosed is a homogeneous catalyst consisting of ruthenium carboxylate or phosphorus/phosphonium phosphonate/alkylaluminum/chloride/conjugated diene, which is first formed to form ruthenium carboxylate or phosphorus/phosphonate ruthenium, conjugated A mixed solution of a diene and an alkyl aluminum, followed by a chloride addition sequence to prepare a catalyst, which can synthesize a polyisoprene having a cis 1,4-structure content of greater than 96% and a molecular weight distribution of less than 3. However, its 1,4-structure content is still lower than that of titanium isoprene rubber and natural rubber (>98).
- Patent CN1347923A mentions that neodymium neodecanoate is reacted with (3 ⁇ 4) compound and then diisobutylaluminum hydride is added, but the catalyst obtained after aging reaction precipitates within 10 hours at room temperature, which means The catalyst prepared by the preparation is a heterogeneous catalyst.
- the prior art cannot solve the following problems: When a compound (3 ⁇ 4) is first contacted with an aluminum alkyl group and a ruthenium carboxylate, a stable homogeneous rare earth catalyst cannot be obtained.
- solution polymerization is usually carried out by solution polymerization for conjugated diene. Due to the structural characteristics of the polymer, the viscosity of the polymer solution during the synthesis process is large, which is not conducive to mass transfer heat transfer and material transport in the polymerization process. To solve this problem, industrial equipment and equipment are required to be high, and energy consumption is increased. Especially for the domestically developed rare earth butadiene rubber and rare earth isoprene rubber varieties, the polymer molecular chain has no branching structure, high linearity and high molecular weight. These structural characteristics give higher performance to the product, and also cause The viscosity of the glue is greater during the synthesis process, which puts higher requirements on industrial production.
- the chemical method refers to the purpose of reducing the viscosity of the polymer solution by changing the structure of the polymer molecular chain (such as branching, lowering molecular weight, etc.) during the synthesis. Chemical methods of viscosity reduction typically result in changes in the polymer structure that affect the properties of the polymer.
- Physical viscosity reduction refers to reducing the viscosity of the polymer solution by means of external additives, without changing the polymer structure, and selecting suitable additives and amounts does not affect the performance of the product.
- ком ⁇ онент such as carboxylic acid (salt) and sulfonic acid (salt) are widely used in many fields such as heavy oil viscosity reduction, ore flotation, dyes, and pesticides.
- a high-thick crude oil viscosity reducer is prepared by using sodium oleate, fatty acid alkanolamide, alkylphenol ethoxylate, penetrant and water.
- CN1093099A using oleic acid polyoxyethylene ester, polyoxyethylene oxide
- a high-thick crude oil viscosity reducer is prepared from phenyl ether, polyphenol and water.
- CN1147007A A natural mixed carboxylate is used as an oil displacing agent.
- a carboxylic acid (salt), a sulfonic acid (salt) or the like is used for viscosity reduction of a polymer solution.
- the premixed state of the polymerization materials (including isoprene monomer, solvent and catalyst) will directly affect the rate of subsequent polymerization, the amount of catalyst, and the yield of the resulting rubber product.
- Formulation content, molecular weight and molecular weight distribution Therefore, it is necessary to create a good mass transfer environment before the polymerization of the isoprene monomer solution, so that the polymerization materials can be thoroughly mixed to form a highly homogenous mixture.
- the conventional raw material premixing process is carried out by a static mixer, but since the static mixer usually has a fluid stagnant zone at the outlet, The material flow velocity distribution is unevenly distributed, and the disturbance effect is poor, which makes the mixing effect less than ideal.
- a stirred tank mixer with relatively complicated structure as the raw material premixer. Under the action of the stirring paddle, the material turbulence is increased. This results in an enhanced mixing effect.
- the structural design of the stirred tank is also important because in the premixing process, the catalyst is required to be highly dispersed in the raw material system, and the upper and lower mixing in the entire stirred tank is required to be as uniform as possible, and the conventionally constructed stirred tank It is often impossible to achieve the requirements of highly dispersed and mixed hooks.
- US 005 397 179 A discloses a device for fluid mixing, which is a tubular turbulent mixing device with a diffusion-contraction section.
- Kauchuk of Russia built the world's first 10,000-ton rare earth isoprene rubber production plant, in which the pre-mixing of raw materials was carried out using the tubular turbulent mixing device of the above-mentioned US patent.
- This type of mixing device is actually equivalent to a static mixer, except that the material undergoes repeated diffusion and contraction to increase the turbulent diffusion coefficient, and the mixing between the materials is enhanced, and the mixing is more uniform.
- this fluid mixing device has the disadvantage of being difficult to manufacture.
- CN201415984Y discloses a premixing device for producing rare earth isoprene rubber, which comprises a pipeline high speed mixer and a premixed kettle in series.
- the polymerization material can be premixed by this premixing device to achieve a high degree of microscopic uniform mixing before entering the polymerization vessel, thereby improving the catalytic efficiency of the catalyst and reducing the product.
- the degree of branching makes the molecular weight distribution more uniform and ultimately improves the product quality of the isoprene rubber.
- the premixing device has the disadvantage that the average residence time of the material in the premixing kettle is 20-30 min for a long time, and then after a plurality of reactors connected in series, the final conversion rate can only reach 85-90 wt. Therefore, the production capacity is relatively low.
- the composition and preparation conditions of the catalyst determine the activity of the catalyst and the structure of the synthesized polymer.
- a highly active lanthanide rare earth catalyst can be obtained, and a higher cis structure content can be synthesized.
- the present invention provides a novel lanthanide homogeneous rare earth catalyst based on the prior art relating to the polymerization of conjugated diene.
- the catalyst has the advantages of homogeneous phase, good stability and high orientation.
- the catalyst has relatively high catalytic activity, and the catalyst can be used for conjugated diene polymerization to prepare a poly-cis content of more than 98%.
- Conjugated diene elastomer also provides a method for synthesizing a conjugated diene polymer based on the above catalyst, wherein an ionic surfactant, especially an anionic surfactant, can be used in the method Effectively reducing the viscosity of the polymer solution, a premixing operation can also be employed in the process to increase catalytic efficiency.
- an ionic surfactant especially an anionic surfactant
- a lanthanide homogeneous rare earth catalyst which is prepared by a process comprising the steps of:
- organoaluminum compound is selected from the general formula A1R 3 alkyl aluminum and alkylaluminum hydride of formula A1HR 2, wherein R is a linear or branched dC 6 of alkane, the components of the catalyst
- the molar ratio a:b:c:d is 1:5 ⁇ 30:2 ⁇ 10:35 ⁇ 65.
- the molar ratio of the components is 1:10 to 25:2 to 4:37 to 60 in terms of a:b:c:d.
- the cerium carboxylate compound is dC ⁇ carboxylic acid hydrazine; preferably, the cerium carboxylate compound is C 6 -C 10 carboxylic acid cerium; more preferably cerium naphthenate, cerium octoate, cerium octylate, cerium Acid bismuth, neodecanoate or bismuth citrate.
- the organoaluminum compound is selected from the group consisting of trimethyl aluminum, triethyl aluminum, tripropyl aluminum, tributyl aluminum, triamyl aluminum, trihexyl aluminum, diethyl aluminum hydride, and dibutyl hydrogenhydride.
- Aluminum preferably selected from the group consisting of tributyl aluminum and dibutyl aluminum hydride; more preferably selected from the group consisting of triisobutyl aluminum and diisobutyl aluminum hydride.
- the halogen-containing compound is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl aluminum halide of the formula A1R 2 X and a silsesquioxane of the formula A1 2 R 3 X 3 wherein R is an ethyl group , propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl or tert-butyl, X is bromine or chlorine; preferably selected from diethylaluminum chloride, sesquiethylaluminum and dichlorodiisobutylaluminum.
- the conjugated diene d means any monomer having a conjugated double bond in its molecule, and examples thereof include, but are not limited to, a C 4 -C 6 conjugated diene; preferably the conjugated two
- the olefin is selected from the group consisting of butadiene, isoprene, 1,3-pentadiene, 1,3-hexadiene and 2,3-dimethylbutadiene; more preferably from butadiene and isoprene Alkene; most preferred is isoprene.
- the inert solvent used in the production method is not particularly limited, and a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon or an alicyclic hydrocarbon solvent which is generally inert to the reaction component which is generally used in the art may be used, and a C 5 -C 1 () alkane is often used. Or a cycloalkane such as pentane, isopentane, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, octane or the like or a mixture thereof.
- the following components may be added to the inert solvent for changing the activity of the catalyst and adjusting the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of the polymer, such as: aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and cumene.
- An ether compound such as a compound such as diethyl ether or diphenyl ether. This component can be added at any step of the catalyst preparation, and the molar ratio of the component to a is from about 1 to 500.
- the method for preparing the lanthanide homogeneous rare earth catalyst comprises: first mixing component a) with component d) in an inert solvent, and then adding component c) to the foregoing In the mixed solution, the component b) is finally added, and the obtained mixture of components a)-d) is subjected to an aging reaction; or the components a), c), d) are first mixed, and then the component b) is added. To the above mixture, the resulting mixture of components a) - d) is subjected to an aging reaction.
- the component c) is reacted with a mixture of a) and d) for 5 to 120 minutes, and the reaction step may be -30 ° C to 80 ° C, preferably 0 °.
- the reaction is carried out at C ⁇ 70 ° C; the component b) is further added for 0.5 to 48 hours, and the reaction step can be carried out at -30 ° C to 60 ° C, preferably at -10 ° C to 50 ° C.
- the synthesis method of the above catalyst is simple and easy to control, and the catalyst is prepared as a homogeneous catalyst.
- the homogeneous catalyst has simple composition, good stability, and can maintain a homogeneous state, high activity and high orientation for a long period of time, and preparation thereof.
- the method is easy and suitable for industrial production.
- the homogenous rare earth catalyst can be used to synthesize a polymer having a cis structure content of more than 98%, a weight average molecular weight of 100 to 2.5 million, a molecular weight distribution of 3.0 to 4.0, and a smooth and easy control of the polymerization process, which is suitable for continuous process operation.
- Synthetic polymers have excellent physical and mechanical properties such as processability, self-adhesiveness, abrasion resistance, flexibility, and aging properties, and can partially replace natural rubber for tire products.
- a lanthanide homogeneous rare earth catalyst which is produced by a process comprising the steps of:
- organoaluminum compound is selected from the general formula A1R 3 alkyl aluminum and alkylaluminum hydride of formula A1HR 2, wherein R is a linear or branched dC 6 of alkane; of each component in the catalyst
- the molar ratio is 1:10 ⁇ 30:2 ⁇ 5:25 ⁇ 100:0.2 ⁇ 4 with a:b:c:d:e.
- the molar ratio of each component in the catalyst is 1:10 to 30:2 to 5:26 to 70:0.2 to 4 in terms of a:b:c:d:e.
- the ruthenium carboxylate compound in the catalyst is dC ⁇ carboxylic acid ruthenium; preferably C 6 -C 10 ruthenium carboxylate; more preferably selected from the group consisting of bismuth naphthenate, bismuth octoate, bismuth octylate, bismuth ruthenate, Neodymium citrate and bismuth citrate.
- the organoaluminum compound in the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of trimethyl aluminum, triethyl aluminum, tripropyl aluminum, tributyl aluminum, triamyl aluminum, trihexyl aluminum, diethyl aluminum hydride, hydrogenation Propyl aluminum, dibutyl aluminum hydride, dipentyl aluminum hydride and dihexyl aluminum hydride, preferably selected from the group consisting of triethyl aluminum, tributyl aluminum, diethyl aluminum hydride and dibutyl hydrogen hydride aluminum.
- the (3 ⁇ 4) compound contained in the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group of the formula A1R 2 X (aluminum compound and a silsesquioxane aluminum of the formula A1 2 R 3 X 3 , R is d ⁇ C 6 alkyl, X is bromine or chlorine, preferably selected from the group consisting of diethylaluminum chloride, sesquiethylaluminum and dichlorodiisobutylaluminum.
- the conjugated diene in the catalyst is a C 4 -C 6 conjugated diene; preferably selected from butadiene, isoprene, 1, 3-pentadiene, 1,3-hexane Alkene and 2,3-dimethylbutadiene; more preferably selected from butadiene and isoprene; most preferred isoprene.
- the carboxylic acid is a C 5 -C 1 () carboxylic acid, preferably selected from the group consisting of naphthenic acid, octanoic acid, isooctanoic acid, decanoic acid, neodecanoic acid and citric acid.
- the kind of the carboxylic acid e may be the same as or different from the kind of the ligand in the cerium carboxylate compound component a.
- the inert solvent used in the production method is not particularly limited, and a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon or an alicyclic hydrocarbon solvent which is generally used in the art and is inert to the reaction component can be used, and C 5 -d is often used.
- An alkane or a cycloalkane such as pentane, isopentane, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, octane or the like or a mixture thereof.
- components a), d) and e) are first mixed, then component c) is added to the aforementioned mixture for aging, and finally component b is added.
- a mixture of the obtained components a) -e) is subjected to an aging reaction; or the components a), c), d), e) are first mixed, and then the component b) is added to the above mixture, The resulting mixture of components a) -e) is subjected to an aging reaction.
- the components a), d) and e) are first mixed, and then the component c) is aged at -30 to 60 ° C for 5 to 250 minutes, and then added to the group.
- the fraction b) is further aged at -30 to 60 ° C for 0.5 to 48 hours to prepare a catalyst for conjugated diene polymerization.
- the synthesis method of the above catalyst is simple and easy to control, and the catalyst is a homogeneous catalyst, and the homogeneous catalyst has the advantages of homogeneous phase, good stability, high activity and orientation.
- the catalyst comprising component e) because of the addition of component e), can improve the stability of the catalyst and improve the orientation ability of the catalyst, and the catalyst can maintain a homogeneous state, high activity and high orientation for more than one year.
- the catalyst of the present invention is particularly suitable for the polymerization of isoprene having a cis-polymerization selectivity of 98% or more and even more than 99%.
- the prepared high cis polyisoprene has a weight average molecular weight of 60 to 2 million, a molecular weight distribution of 2.0 - 5.0, and its mechanical properties, processability, self-adhesiveness, wear resistance, flexibility, and aging. Excellent performance and performance, suitable for manufacturing high performance tires or other applications.
- a process for producing a conjugated diene polymer which is subjected to solution polymerization in a solvent under the action of the above catalyst to obtain a polymer solution.
- the conjugated diene monomer means any monomer having a conjugated double bond in its molecule, and examples thereof include, but are not limited to, a C 4 -C 6 conjugated diene; specific examples include butadiene , isoprene, 1,3-pentadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, 2,3-dimethylbutadiene.
- the conjugated diene is preferably butadiene or isoprene.
- the conjugated diene monomer is isoprene.
- the conjugated diene monomer may be the same or different from the conjugated diene in the catalyst.
- an ionic surfactant is added during or after completion of the solution polymerization to terminate the polymerization and lower the viscosity of the polymer solution, and the ionic surfactant is preferably an anionic surfactant.
- the anionic surfactant mention may be made, but not limited to, carboxylic acids and carboxylates, sulfonic acids and sulfonates, quaternary ammonium salts, ether compounds, and starting from natural oils or polymers. Synthetic surfactant.
- the anionic surfactant comprises a C 10 -C 18 long chain fatty carboxylic acid or a carboxylate, preferably including stearic acid, sodium stearate, potassium stearate, oleic acid, oleic acid. Sodium or potassium oleate.
- the anionic surfactant comprises a sulfonic acid or a sulfonate
- the molecular structure of the sulfonic acid and the sulfonate contains a linear, branched chain of C 8 ⁇ C 2 Q
- the cyclic saturated or unsaturated carbon chain preferably comprises sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, potassium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium dodecylsulfonate or sodium methylene dinaphthalenesulfonate.
- the anionic surfactant comprises a phosphate ester comprising a C 8 -C 20 linear, branched, cyclic saturated or unsaturated carbon chain, preferably comprising an octyl phosphate, Mercaptophosphate, trimethylphosphonium phosphate or cetyl phosphate.
- the anionic surfactant comprises sulfuric acid and a salt thereof comprising a C 8 -C 20 linear, branched, cyclic saturated or unsaturated carbon chain, preferably comprising twelve Sodium alkyl sulfate, sodium stearyl succinate, sodium octadecyl 3 ⁇ 4 or sodium polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether 3 ⁇ 4.
- the anionic surfactant comprises a chemical structure of
- R-0-(CH 2 CH 2 0) N -H ether compound wherein R is a C 8 ⁇ C 2 o linear, branched, cyclic saturated or unsaturated carbon chain, n ranging from 3 to 10
- R is selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers and polyoxyethylene secondary alcohol ethers.
- the anionic surfactant comprises natural oils or synthetic polymeric surfactants, preferably selected from the group consisting of cellulosics and lignins, more preferably hydroxymethylcellulose, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium lignosulfonate.
- the anionic surfactant when the anionic surfactant is applied to the conjugated diene polymer solution, the anionic surfactant is added in an amount of 0.01 to 2% by weight, preferably 0.02 to 1.5% by weight, based on the weight of the polymer solution. More preferably, it is 0.05 - 1.0% by weight.
- the ionic surfactant and the polymerization terminator are added together.
- polymerization terminator means that the living polymer can be directly terminated in a solution polymerization process in a manner commonly used in the art.
- the terminator used is mostly water or an alcohol such as water, methanol, ethanol or n-isopropyl. Alcohol, isopropanol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl hydroquinone methanol, and the like.
- the anionic surfactant and water are formulated together as an aqueous solution, i.e., the ionic surfactant can be formulated into an aqueous solution for use in the viscosity reduction of the conjugated diene polymer solution.
- concentration of the aqueous solution of the ionic surfactant may vary over a wide range as long as the surfactant is soluble in water. For example, the concentration can be as high as 50%.
- the viscosity reducing agent may be first dissolved in water, and then an alkali solution is added thereto to react to form a corresponding salt and then used;
- an alkali solution for a carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, phosphoric acid and/or sulfuric acid viscosity reducing agent, it may be directly contacted with an alkali solution and reacted to produce a corresponding salt for reuse.
- the base used to prepare the viscosity reducing agent solution includes, but is not limited to, the following: sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide.
- the alkali solution may be formulated to any concentration, but is preferably from 10% to 50%, more preferably from 15% to 40%.
- the pH of the aqueous solution may range from 7 to 9 after the acid is contacted with the base.
- the polymerization further comprises a conjugated diene monomer and a lanthanide homogeneous rare earth
- the catalyst and solvent are added to the premixer system for premixing, and then the mixed materials are subjected to solution polymerization.
- the monomer, the catalyst and the solvent do not enter the loop mixer together in the form of a mixture, at least the conjugated diene monomer and the lanthanide homogeneous rare earth catalyst are separately added to the premixer Premixing is done in the system.
- the solvent may be entered separately or together with any of the former two into the loop mixer. The purpose of this operation is to better avoid the occurrence of prepolymerization, thereby facilitating subsequent mixing operations and subsequent solution polymerization.
- the conjugated diene monomer and the lanthanide homogeneous rare earth catalyst are separately cooled and then added to the premixer system.
- the target temperature for the cooling is -30-20 ° C, preferably -20-1 CTC, more preferably -10-0 ° C.
- the isoprene monomer and the catalyst are preferably previously cooled to a corresponding low temperature range by different coolers, respectively, and the solvent may be cooled alone or together with any of the former two.
- three coolers are used to separately cool the isoprene monomer, catalyst and solvent, preferably two coolers to separately cool the isoprene monomer and catalyst, taking into account solution polymerization.
- the feed of isoprene monomer and solvent during the reaction is much higher than the amount of catalyst fed, and most preferably the solvent is cooled with the catalyst.
- the cooler may be a cooler commonly used in the art, for example, a plate heat exchanger, wherein the cooling medium may be low temperature water and chilled brine, preferably chilled brine.
- the amount of the polymerization material can be determined in accordance with the requirements of the subsequent solution polymerization.
- the concentration of the monomer may be from 10 to 20% by weight, preferably from 13 to 17% by weight, based on the total weight of the entire polymerization material.
- the premixer system comprises an axial flow pump and a loop mixer connected to the axial flow pump, the loop mixer comprising at least two straight pipe sections connected straight The pipe section forms an elbow of the loop pipe, a material outlet at the lower part of the loop pipe mixer and at least two material inlets.
- two material inlets are used to separately introduce the isoprene monomer and the catalyst, and the solvent may be added together with the isoprene monomer and/or the catalyst, in consideration of the difference in the solution polymerization process.
- the feed amount of pentadiene monomer and solvent is much higher than the feed amount of the catalyst, and most preferably the solvent is introduced together with the catalyst; three material inlets may be provided for introducing isoprene monomer, catalyst and solvent, respectively.
- the material outlet is preferably located at the bottom of the loop mixer for discharging the mixed material.
- the axial flow pump can be any axial flow pump commonly used in the art, and those skilled in the art can select accordingly depending on the range of circulating flow within the loop mixer required by the process.
- the straight pipe section of the loop pipe mixer has an aspect ratio of 2 to 100, preferably 3 to 50, more preferably 4 to 20.
- the loop mixer is connected to the axial flow pump at a lower portion to control circulation of material in the loop mixer inside the loop mixer
- Flow Q r and flow out of the ring Mixer tube outlet flow Q out QJQ out ratio is 100-140, preferably 120-130.
- the premixing system comprising the loop mixer according to the present invention
- the polymerization reaction material is rapidly circulated in the loop mixer, and there is substantially no dead zone in the mixer, all reactions
- the materials can be thoroughly mixed under turbulent conditions to form a highly homogenous mixture.
- the premixer system comprises a premixing kettle comprising:
- a rotatable central shaft disposed longitudinally within the mixing kettle
- At least two radial flow paddles mounted on the central shaft;
- annular disk located between adjacent two radial flow agitating blades, wherein the central shaft passes through the annular disk, and the annular disk is connected at its outer peripheral portion to the inner wall of the mixing kettle.
- the material to be mixed is broken by the high shear dispersion generated by the radial stirring paddle provided on the central shaft, and on the other hand, the ring provided between the stirring blades is used.
- the plate promotes the formation of a large overall cycle of the mixture, so that the material can achieve a high degree of micro-mixing in a short time. This facilitates the progress of the subsequent polymerization.
- the outer diameter of the annular disk is matched to the inner diameter of the mixing vessel, and is connected to the inner wall of the mixing vessel at at least two circumferentially symmetric joints on the outer peripheral portion.
- the connection of the annular disk to the inner wall of the kettle can be a suitable connection method commonly used in the art, for example, a bracket is provided on the inner wall of the kettle to support the annular disk.
- the number of the linking sites can be selected as needed, for example, 2-8, preferably 3-6, more preferably 4.
- the annular disk is provided with a central bore through which the central shaft passes.
- the diameter of the center hole can be, for example, 1-1.5 times the diameter of the paddle.
- the annular disk is provided with a radially inward groove between the two attachment locations.
- the material can flow not only through the passage formed by the center hole of the annular disk but also through the passage formed by the groove and the inner wall of the mixing tank. Therefore, the fluidity of the mixture to be mixed in the mixing vessel is further enhanced to facilitate thorough mixing of the materials.
- the respective grooves of the adjacent two annular disks are shifted from each other by an angle in the circumferential direction. More preferably, the grooves of one annular disk are offset by an angle from each other in the circumferential direction relative to the corresponding grooves in the other annular disks.
- the passage formed by the groove and the inner wall of the mixing tank is completely non-linear in the longitudinal direction, thereby further enhancing the mixing effect of the material.
- the number of grooves may be, for example, 2-8, preferably 3-6, more preferably 4.
- the area of the groove is, for example, 1/4 to 1/2, preferably 1/3, of the area of the annular disk occupying the area of the fan ring between the respective two connecting portions.
- the bottom curve of the groove is symmetrical about the radius axis passing through the midpoint of the line connecting the respective two joint locations.
- the mixing vessel according to the present invention has an aspect ratio of, for example, 1-4, preferably 2-3.
- the number of the radial flow stirring blades is, for example, 1-3 times, preferably 1.5-2 times, the height to diameter ratio.
- the diameter of the agitating paddle is, for example, 1/4 to 2/3 of the diameter of the mixing vessel, preferably 1/3 to 1/2.
- the above dimensions, e.g., the aspect ratio should be selected such that the average residence time of the reaction mass in the mixing vessel is from 1.0 to 10 min, preferably from 3 to 8 min, more preferably from 4 to 6 min.
- the spacing between the agitating blades is, for example, 0.5 to 2 times the diameter of the agitating paddle.
- the spacing gradually increases from bottom to top in the longitudinal direction.
- This kind of stirring paddle is arranged from the bottom to the top from the dense to the sparse floor, which can better exert the shearing and dispersing action of the stirring paddle, which is beneficial to the sufficient mixing of the materials.
- the annular disk can be disposed from the bottom to the top, that is, the number of annular disks located in the lower portion of the mixing vessel is less than the number of annular disks located in the upper region of the mixing kettle. .
- the number of annular disks located in the lower portion of the mixing vessel is less than the number of annular disks located in the upper region of the mixing kettle.
- the annular disk can be disposed from the bottom to the top, that is, the number of annular disks located in the lower portion of the mixing vessel is less than the number of annular disks located in the upper region of the mixing kettle.
- an inlet is provided at the lower portion of the mixing tank for introducing the material to be mixed, and an outlet is provided at the upper portion of the mixing vessel for discharging the mixed material.
- the materials to be mixed are preferably introduced separately into the premixed kettle.
- the isoprene monomer and the catalyst need to enter the mixing kettle from different inlets, and the solvent can be entered separately or together with any of the former two. kettle. This can better avoid the occurrence of the prepolymerization reaction, thereby facilitating the subsequent mixing operation and solution polymerization.
- the mixing vessel of the present invention may be provided with three inlets at the lower portion to introduce an isoprene monomer, a catalyst and a solvent, respectively.
- the mixing vessel of the present invention may be provided with three inlets at the lower portion to introduce an isoprene monomer, a catalyst and a solvent, respectively.
- the feed amount of the isoprene monomer and the solvent during the solution polymerization reaction is much higher than the amount of the catalyst fed, and therefore it is preferred to introduce the solvent together with the catalyst.
- the high shearing action of the radial flow agitating paddle and the promotion of the overall circulation of the polymerization reaction material in the kettle by the annular disk cause the polymerization reaction material to be broken and dispersed in the kettle.
- the inlet flow rate and the outlet flow rate of the polymerization reaction material can be determined according to the production scale, and accordingly, the size of the loop pipe mixer can be determined accordingly, for example, the height of the straight pipe section of the loop pipe mixer is determined.
- the ratio of the average residence time of the polymerization reaction material in the loop mixer is 0.5-5 min, preferably 2-4 min; accordingly, the size of the raw material premixed kettle of the present invention can be determined accordingly, for example, the pre-determination
- the aspect ratio of the autoclave is such that the average residence time of the polymerization material in the premixed kettle is from 1.0 to 1 Omin, preferably from 3 to 8 min, more preferably from 4 to 6 min.
- the amount of the catalyst used for solution polymerization can be varied within a wide range.
- the solvent to be used in the polymerization of the solution is not particularly limited, and a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon or an alicyclic hydrocarbon solvent which is generally used in the art and is inert to the reaction component can be used, and C 5 to d are often used.
- Alkane or cycloalkane typical solvents include, but are not limited to, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, pentane, isopentane or, octane, methylcyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, cumene, etc. .
- the solvent is the same as or different from the inert solvent used in the preparation of the catalyst.
- the reaction conditions of the solution polymerization are: the temperature of the polymerization reaction is -30 ° C ⁇ 80 ° C, preferably 0. C ⁇ 70 °C, more preferably 10 °C ⁇ 60 °C; time is 20 ⁇ 300 minutes, preferably 30 - 200 minutes.
- the addition of an ionic surfactant, especially an anionic surfactant has a significant viscosity reducing effect on a highly viscous conjugated diene polymer solution.
- the viscosity reducing method of the invention is simple in operation and easy to implement on an industrial production device, and can solve the problem of difficulty in conveying high energy polymer solution and high energy consumption.
- the viscous surfactant-based viscosity reducing agent of the invention is prepared by using water as a medium, is harmless and environmentally friendly, and functions to terminate the polymerization reaction while achieving viscosity reduction of the polymer solution; no separate elution or treatment is required.
- the process of the viscosity reducing agent in the polymer solution; the product obtained by the viscosity-reducing polymer solution after the treatment method generally employed in the art is not affected.
- the viscosity of the polymer solution can be lowered by 10 to 60%, preferably 12% to 56%, more preferably 15% to 50%.
- the premixing step in the premixing system by the premixing step in the premixing system, a highly homogenous mixture can be obtained, so that the catalyst is highly dispersed in the mixture, thereby improving the catalytic efficiency; and the polymerization reaction material is in the premixing kettle.
- the average residence time is very short, only a few minutes, so that the degree of polymerization of each component in the polymerization reaction material flowing out of the premixing kettle is low, thereby facilitating the solution polymerization reaction in the subsequent polymerization reaction stage.
- the conjugated diene polymer prepared by the method of the present invention that is, the rare earth isoprene rubber product, has a relatively high content of cis-1,4-configuration, and the obtained rare earth isoprene rubber has cis-1,4 -
- the content of the configuration can reach 98wt, even up to 99 wt%.
- the quality of the rare earth isoprene rubber product obtained by the preparation method of the present invention can be remarkably improved relative to the prior art.
- Figure 1 shows a premixed kettle according to the present invention, in which a plurality of radial agitating paddles and an annular disk disposed between each two adjacent agitating paddles are provided;
- Figure 2 shows a top view of the annular disk shown in Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is a schematic flow chart showing the polymerization of an isoprene monomer solution for preparing a rare earth isoprene rubber, wherein the crucible according to the present invention is used as a raw material premixing kettle;
- Figure 4 shows a loop mixer of the present invention; and a schematic flow diagram wherein the crucible is premixed with a premix system of a loop mixer and an axial flow pump in accordance with the present invention.
- the synthesized conjugated diene polymerization is determined by a German Bruker Tensor 27 mid-infrared spectrometer and a German Bruker 400 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer, and the solvent is deuterated chloroform; molecular weight and molecular weight distribution are used by Shimadzu LC-
- the 10AT gel permeation chromatography (GPC) was used to determine the THF as the mobile phase and the narrowly distributed polystyrene as the standard. The temperature was 25 °C. catalyst
- the isoprene solution polymerization was carried out using the prepared catalyst. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 400 g of isoprene, 1541 g of cyclohexane and 82 ml of a catalyst were successively added to a 5 L polymerization vessel at a monomer concentration of 20%. After reacting at 40 ° C for 50 minutes, the polymer solution was discharged from the kettle and the reaction was terminated by adding 2,6-di-tert-butyl hydroquinone methanol solution. Before releasing the polymer solution, a small amount of the polymer solution was weighed and weighed, and then placed in a vacuum oven to dry to constant weight. The monomer conversion was calculated by the weight of the sample before and after drying, and the calculated conversion was 83%. The polymer had a cis 1,4-structure content of 98.0%, a weight average molecular weight of 1,301,324, and a molecular weight distribution of 3.6.
- Example 2 Example 2
- Triisobutylaluminum and monochloroaluminum chloride were separately prepared into a hexane solution at a concentration of 0.5 mol/l for use.
- the bismuth naphthenate/hexane solution was prepared by direct extraction, wherein the hydrazine concentration [Nd 3+ ] was 0.21 mol/l.
- the solvent and the aging kettle were treated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the isoprene solution polymerization was carried out using the prepared catalyst. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 350 g of isoprene, 1800 g of hexane, and 306 ml of a catalyst were sequentially added to a 5 L polymerization vessel at a monomer concentration of 15%. After reacting at 25 ° C for 60 minutes, the polymer solution was discharged from the kettle to terminate the reaction by adding 2,6-di-tert-butyl hydroquinone methanol solution. The monomer conversion was 90%. The polymer had a cis 1,4 structure content of 98.2%, a weight average molecular weight of 1,607,402, and a molecular weight distribution of 3.4.
- Example 3 The reagents used were prefabricated as described in Example 2. The solvent and the aging kettle were treated in the same manner as in Example 1. Under nitrogen protection, add 15g butadiene, 713g hexane solution, 31ml bismuth naphthenate solution to the 2L catalyst aging kettle, then add 45ml-dichloroaluminum solution at 10 °C and stir. After 20 minutes of reaction, 130 ml of a solution of triisobutylaluminum was added and the aging was continued for 2 hours. The catalyst concentration is 0.5 x 10 - 5 mol / ml.
- the isoprene solution polymerization was carried out using the prepared catalyst. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 350 g of isoprene, 1800 g of hexane and 180 ml of a catalyst were successively added to a 5 L polymerization vessel at a monomer concentration of 15.4%. After reacting at 25 ° C for 1.5 hours, the polymer solution was discharged from the kettle to terminate the reaction by adding 2,6-di-tert-butyl hydroquinone methanol solution. The monomer conversion rate was 87%; the polymer cis 1,4-structure content was 98.2%, the weight average molecular weight was 1,821,602, and the molecular weight distribution was 3.2.
- a hexane solution of neodymium ruthenate was prepared by direct extraction, and the enthalpy concentration [Nd 3+ ] was 0.5 mol/l.
- Triisobutylaluminum and monochloroaluminum chloride were separately prepared into a hexane solution at a concentration of 0.5 mol/l. The solvent and the aging kettle were treated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the isoprene solution polymerization was carried out using the prepared catalyst. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 250 g of isoprene, 2150 g of hexane and 80 ml of a catalyst were successively added to a 5 L polymerization vessel at a monomer concentration of 10% and a polymerization temperature of 30 °C. After 1.5 hours of reaction, the polymer solution was discharged from the autoclave to terminate the reaction by adding 2,6-di-tert-butyl hydroquinone methanol solution. The monomer conversion rate was 85%; the polymer had a cis 1,4 structure content of 98.1%, a weight average molecular weight of 1,549,621, and a molecular weight distribution of 3.6.
- the reagents used were prefabricated as described in Example 4.
- the solvent and the aging kettle were treated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- 103 g of isoprene, 1802 g of hexane solution and 80 ml of neodymium neodecanoate solution were added to a 20 L catalyst aging kettle, and then 240 ml of a solution of diethylaluminum chloride was added at 15 ° C under stirring.
- 800 ml of a solution of triisobutylaluminum was added and the aging was continued for 4 hours.
- the catalyst concentration is 1.0 x 10 - 5 mol / ml.
- the isoprene solution polymerization was carried out using the prepared catalyst. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 350 g of isoprene, 1845 g of hexane and 77 ml of a catalyst were successively added to a 5 L polymerization vessel at a monomer concentration of 15%. After reacting at 25 ° C for 1.5 hours, the polymer solution was discharged from the autoclave to terminate the reaction by adding a methanol solution of 2,6-di-tert-butyl hydroquinone. The monomer conversion rate was 90%; the polymer cis 1,4-structure content was 98.6%; the polymer weight average molecular weight was 2,001,123, and the molecular weight distribution was 3.2.
- a hexane solution of neodymium ruthenate was prepared by direct extraction, and the enthalpy concentration [Nd3+] was 0.5 mol/l.
- Hydrogenated diisobutyl The base aluminum and the diethylaluminum dichloride were respectively prepared into a hexane solution having a concentration of 0.5 mol/l for use.
- the solvent and the aging kettle were treated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the isoprene solution polymerization was carried out using the prepared catalyst. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 350 g of isoprene, 1860 g of cyclohexane and 139 ml of a catalyst were successively added to a 5 L polymerization vessel at a monomer concentration of 15%. After reacting at 30 ° C for 1.0 hour, the polymer solution was discharged from the autoclave to terminate the reaction by adding 2,6-di-tert-butyl hydroquinone methanol solution. The monomer conversion rate was 90%; the polymer cis 1,4-structure content was 98.2%, the polymer weight average molecular weight was 1,954,798, and the molecular weight distribution was 3.3.
- the reagents used were prefabricated as described in Example 4.
- the solvent and the aging kettle were treated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Under nitrogen protection add 136 g of isoprene, 80 ml of neodymium neodecanoate solution and 4409 g of hexane solution to a 20 L catalyst aging kettle, and then add 240 ml of a solution of diethylaluminum chloride at 0 ° C under stirring. After the contact reaction for 15 minutes, 800 ml of triisobutylaluminum solution was added, and the aging was continued for 18 hours.
- the catalyst concentration is 0.5 x 10 -5 mol/ml.
- the concentration of neodecanoic acid hexane solution and the concentration of dichloroaluminum hexane solution were 0.5 mol/l, and the concentration of triisobutylaluminum hexane solution was 2 mol/l.
- the solvent and the aging kettle were treated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the reagents used were prefabricated as described in Example 4.
- the solvent and the aging kettle were treated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Under nitrogen protection add 400 ml of isoprene, 80 ml of neodymium neodecanoate solution and 6.48 L of hexane solution to a 20 L catalyst aging kettle, and then add 240 ml of diethylaluminum chloride at 0 ° C under stirring. Solution, contact reaction 15 After a minute, 800 ml of triisobutylaluminum solution was added and the aging was continued for 18 hours.
- the catalyst concentration was 0.5 x 10 -5 mol/ml.
- Example 4 The reagents used were prefabricated as described in Example 4. The solvent and the aging kettle were treated in the same manner as in Example 1. The catalyst preparation process is the same as 7. The catalyst was stored at 0 °C for 6 months.
- Example 4 The reagents used were prefabricated as described in Example 4. The solvent and the aging kettle were treated in the same manner as in Example 1. The catalyst preparation process is the same as 7. The catalyst was stored at 0 °C for 1 year.
- Example 2 The catalyst of Example 2 was placed in a sealed glass vial under nitrogen atmosphere and the catalyst was still in a homogeneous state when stored at room temperature for 15 months.
- the reagents used were prefabricated as described in Example 4.
- the solvent and the aging kettle were treated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Under a nitrogen atmosphere add 80 ml of isoprene, 80 ml of neodymium neodecanoate solution and 6.80 L of hexane solution to a 20 L catalyst aging kettle, and then add 240 ml of diethylaluminum chloride at 0 ° C under stirring.
- the solution after 15 minutes of contact reaction, was added 800 ml of a solution of triisobutylaluminum and continued to age for 18 hours.
- the catalyst concentration is 0.5 x 10 - 5 mol / ml.
- the catalyst was stored at 0 ° C for 6 months.
- a rare earth catalyst for polyisoprene and a preparation method thereof and a method for preparing polyisoprene 24 ml of 0.1 M Nd(vers) 3 hexane is sequentially added to a dry catalyst reactor under a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the solution 48 ml of a 1.0 M solution of butadiene in hexane, 36 ml of a 2.0 M solution of Al(i-Bu) 3 in hexane, was reacted at 80 ° C for 1 minute to obtain a dark yellow-green solution; then 12 ml of the solution was added.
- a 0.2 M Al(i-Bu) 2Cl solution in hexane was reacted at 40 ° C for 120 minutes to obtain a homogeneous rare earth catalyst for isoprene polymerization.
- the polymerization was terminated with a solution of 1.0% 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-methylphenol in ethanol, and the polymer was precipitated in excess ethanol, and washed with ethanol and then dried at 40 After drying under vacuum at °C for 24 hours, 249 g of the isoprene polymerization product was obtained.
- the polymer yield was 98%.
- the content of cis 1,4-structure was 96.3% by infrared spectroscopy, and the weight average molecular weight was 1270000, the number average molecular weight was 512000, the molecular weight was 2.48, and the Mooney viscosity was 59 by GPC.
- Viscosity reducer embodiment
- the viscosity of the polymer solution was measured by a Japanese Mitsubishi HAAKE C35 at a test temperature of 50 °C.
- the treatment of the polymer solution and the polymer solution after the addition of the viscosity reducing agent is the same.
- the unreacted monomer and solvent in the polymer solution are removed by steam stripping to obtain a polymer solid sample containing water and a very small amount of solvent, monomer, and then dried using an open mill to obtain a product.
- the Mooney viscosity of the polymer is determined in accordance with GB/T 1232.1-2000, and is measured by an automatic Shimani viscometer of Shimadzu SMV-300.
- the raw rubber crucible was kneaded by an open mill at a roll temperature of 70 ⁇ 5 ° C; the vulcanization formula and vulcanization conditions were carried out in accordance with national standards.
- the tensile strength was measured using an AG-30kNG electronic tensile machine from Shimadzu Corporation, Japan.
- Isoprene is a monomer
- cyclohexane is used as a solvent to synthesize polyisoprene.
- the polymerization was carried out under the protection of nitrogen.
- 350 g of isoprene, 1800 g of hexane and 106 g of catalyst were sequentially added to a 5 L polymerization vessel.
- the monomer concentration was 15.5 wt%, and the amount of the catalyst was 2.2 x 10 6 mol Nd/g IP.
- the temperature was 25 ° C and the reaction time was 3 hours.
- the weight percentage of the polymer was 11.54%.
- the polyisoprene had a weight average molecular weight of 1,744,102 and a molecular weight distribution of 2.53.
- the viscosity of the polymer solution was 10700 cp.
- the product ash is 0.46%, and the vulcanized rubber has a tensile strength of 26.0 MPa.
- neodymium neodymium hydride/diisobutylaluminum hydride/dichlorodiethylaluminum (molar ratio 1/18/3) rare earth catalyst system butadiene as monomer, hexane as solvent to synthesize polybutadiene .
- the polymerization was carried out under the protection of nitrogen. 800 g of butadiene, 3858 g of hexane and 48 g of catalyst were sequentially added to a 10 L polymerization vessel.
- the monomer concentration was 17 wt%, and the amount of the catalyst was 2.2 x 10" 6 mol Nd / g IP.
- the polymerization temperature was 50. °C, reaction time 1.5 hours.
- the weight percentage of the polymer is 16.4%.
- the weight average molecular weight of polybutadiene is 654,102, and the molecular weight distribution is 2.7.
- the viscosity of the polymer solution is 14000 cp.
- the product ash is 0.48. % , vulcanizate tensile strength is 17.0 MPa.
- Example 3 To 50 g of the above polyisoprene solution, 25 g of the prepared sodium oleate solution was added at 50 ° C, and the mixture was uniformly mixed to terminate the polymerization. The viscosity of the polymer solution dropped to 9600 cp.
- the polybutadiene had a weight average molecular weight of 611,332 and a molecular weight distribution of 2.8.
- the product has a ash content of 0.48% and a tensile strength of 16.9 MPa.
- Example 3 To 50 g of the above polyisoprene solution, 25 g of the prepared sodium oleate solution was added at 50 ° C, and the mixture was uniformly mixed to terminate the polymerization. The viscosity of the polymer solution dropped to 9600 cp.
- the polybutadiene had a weight average molecular weight of 611,332 and a molecular weight distribution of 2.8.
- the product has a ash content of 0.48% and
- the polymerization reaction was carried out under nitrogen, to a 5L autoclave polymerization 98 g of isoprene were added successively, hexane 1768g, 302g of butadiene, and 54g of catalyst, the monomer concentration was 18wt%, the amount of catalyst 2.0x10- 6 molNd / g
- the monomer had a polymerization temperature of 40 ° C and a reaction time of 2.0 hours.
- the copolymer composition was such that the molar ratio of butadiene to isoprene was 4, and the weight percentage of the polymer in the copolymer solution was 15.5%.
- the copolymer had a weight average molecular weight of 866,700 and a molecular weight distribution of 3.2.
- the viscosity of the polymer solution was 75,500 mpa.s.
- the ash is 0.5% and the tensile strength is 12.6 MPa.
- the weight percentage of the polymer was 13.9%.
- the polymer had a weight average molecular weight of 1,760,711 and a molecular weight distribution of 3.3.
- the viscosity of the polymer solution was 11200 cp.
- the ash is 0.48% and the tensile strength is 25.8 MPa.
- the ruthenium octoate/diisobutylaluminum hydride/semi-aluminum (molar ratio is 1/20/2) rare earth catalyst system butadiene is a monomer, and hexane is used as a solvent to synthesize polybutadiene.
- the polymerization reaction was carried out under nitrogen, to a 5L autoclave polymerization of butadiene were added 500g, 1960g of hexane and catalyst 40g, monomer concentration was 20wt%, the amount of catalyst 2.4x10- 6 molNd / gBD, the polymerization temperature was 50 °C, reaction time 1.0 hours. In the polybutadiene solution, the weight percentage of the polymer was 16.8%.
- the polybutadiene had a weight average molecular weight of 591,212 and a molecular weight distribution of 3.2.
- the viscosity of the polymer solution was 14300 cp.
- the product has a ash content of 0.45% and a tensile strength of 16.6 MPa.
- the weight percentage of the polymer was 12.4%.
- the polyisoprene had a weight average molecular weight of 2,011,579 and a molecular weight distribution of 3.0.
- the viscosity of the polymer solution was 12600 cp.
- the product has a ash content of 0.44% and a tensile strength of 27.0 MPa.
- Polyisoprene In the olefin solution, the polymer weight percentage was 13.4%.
- the polyisoprene had a weight average molecular weight of 1,821,602 and a molecular weight distribution of 3.2.
- the viscosity of the polymer solution was 14700 cp.
- the product has a ash content of 0.21% and a tensile strength of 27.0 MPa.
- Example 8 (adding 0.6% viscosity reducer)
- the weight percentage of the polymer was 13.5%.
- the polyisoprene had a weight average molecular weight of 1,954,798 and a molecular weight distribution of 3.3.
- the viscosity of the polymer solution was 16100 cp.
- the product has a ash content of 0.26% and a tensile strength of 27.0 MPa.
- a mixing kettle 10 As shown in Fig. 1, a mixing kettle 10 according to the present invention includes a central shaft 8 disposed in a longitudinal direction in a kettle, which can be rotated by a motor M.
- At least two radial agitating paddles 1 are mounted on the central shaft 8.
- the number of paddles can be selected according to the actual situation, for example 2-10, and four paddles are shown in the example of Fig. 1.
- the radial flow paddle 1 can be of a type commonly used in the art and can have a rotational speed of 200 to 800 rpm, preferably 300 to 700 rpm, more preferably 350 to 600 rpm.
- the materials to be mixed such as the reaction monomers and catalysts
- the mixing is carried out under the action of 1, and then discharged from the material outlet 5 provided above the mixing tank 10 for further processing.
- annular disk 2 located between adjacent two radial flow paddles 1 is also provided in the mixing kettle 10.
- the annular disk 2 is preferably disposed at an axial midpoint position of two adjacent agitating blades 1.
- the annular disk 2 includes a central bore 11 having an inner diameter larger than the diameter of the central shaft 8 so that the central shaft 8 can pass through the central bore 11 of the annular disk 2.
- the annular disk 2 is connected to the inner wall of the mixing vessel 10 through its outer peripheral portion.
- the material to be mixed is broken by the high shear dispersion generated by the radial agitating paddle 1 provided on the central shaft 8, and on the other hand, the annular disk disposed between the agitating paddles 1 is used. 2
- the material to be mixed is formed into a large overall cycle, so that the material can achieve a high degree of micro-mixing in a short time. This advantageously promotes the progress of the subsequent polymerization.
- the outer diameter of the annular disk 2 is matched to the inner diameter of the mixing vessel 10, and is connected to the inner wall of the mixing vessel at at least two circumferentially symmetrical connection portions on the outer peripheral portion.
- the number of the linking sites can be selected according to the actual situation, for example, 2-8, preferably 3-6, and more preferably 4. These connecting portions are preferably located at circumferentially symmetrical positions.
- the annular disk 2 is attached to the inner wall of the mixing vessel 10 at four circumferentially symmetrical joint portions on its outer circumference.
- a radially inward groove 12 is provided at the sector between the adjacent two connection points.
- the mixing kettle 10 is provided with two or more annular disks, wherein respective ones of the respective annular disks are offset from each other by an angle in the circumferential direction. Therefore, the passage formed by the groove 12 and the inner wall of the mixing vessel 10 is non-linear in the longitudinal direction of the mixing vessel 10, which further enhances the mixing effect of the material.
- the area of the recess 12 should ensure the maximum material flow area as much as possible without damaging the strength of the entire annular disk 2.
- the area of the recess 12 may be, for example, 1/4 - 1/2, preferably 1/3, of the area of the sector between adjacent connecting portions on the annular disk 2.
- the bottom shape of the groove 12 may be a straight line or a curve which is preferably symmetrical with respect to a radius axis at a midpoint of a line segment connecting adjacent two joint portions.
- the premixing system includes a loop mixer 50 and an axial pump 22, which includes a straight pipe section 21, an elbow 26, an elbow 26 and a straight pipe section 21.
- the connections form a loop mixer 50.
- the polymerization raw materials to be mixed that is, the catalyst and the solvent and the reaction monomers
- enter the loop mixer 50 through the two material inlets 23, 24 provided in the lower portion of the mixing tank 50, wherein the reaction monomers and catalysts Entering the loop mixer 50 through different inlets, and then, under the action of the axial pump 22, the raw materials to be mixed are rapidly circulated in the loop mixer 50, and there is substantially no dead zone in the loop mixer 50.
- the reaction materials can be thoroughly mixed under turbulent conditions to form a highly homogenous mixture which is then discharged from the material outlet 25 provided at the bottom of the mixing vessel 50 for further processing.
- the axial flow pump is any axial flow pump commonly used in the art.
- the mixing kettle and loop mixer according to the present invention will be specifically described below by taking a raw material premixing tank and a loop mixer for preparing a rare earth isoprene rubber as an example. It will be understood, however, that the mixing kettle and loop mixer according to the present invention can be used in any application where it is desired to mix the reaction materials.
- Example 1 Example 1
- the isoprene monomer 14. 6 kg / h, polymerization grade, commercially available
- solvent first available in the polymerization material for preparing rare earth isoprene rubber in a conventional heat exchanger
- cyclohexane commercially available
- the ruthenium catalyst was diluted to the above concentration with cyclohexane. Wherein, the catalyst and the solvent are pre-mixed and then pre-cooled by a heat exchanger, and the isoprene monomer is pre-cooled in a separate heat exchanger.
- the cooling medium used was 3 wt% sodium chloride chilled brine.
- each component of the pre-cooled polymerization material is separately introduced into the mixing kettle 10 of the present invention for premixing, wherein the catalyst and the solvent are introduced into the mixing vessel through the center inlet 3 of the bottom of the bottom, and the isoprene monomer is passed through.
- the bottom side inlet 4 is introduced into the mixing kettle.
- the mixing kettle used herein had a volume of 5 L and a cylindrical portion having a diameter of 150 mm and a height of 300 mm.
- the diameter of the stirring paddle is 1/2 of the diameter of the mixing kettle, the rotation speed is 400 rpm, the distance between the bottom stirring paddle and the bottom of the bottom is 30 mm, and the axial spacing between the mixing paddles is from the bottom.
- the upper order is 56mm, 70mm, and 98mm.
- Three annular discs are provided in the mixing tank, which are disposed at an axially intermediate position between each of the two stirring blades.
- the center hole diameter of the annular disk is 1.15 times the diameter of the stirring paddle.
- the annular disk is connected to the inner wall of the mixing vessel at four circumferentially symmetrical joint portions on its outer peripheral portion, and includes four grooves each having an area of 1/3 of the area of the corresponding fan ring.
- the polymerization materials were thoroughly mixed in the mixing kettle, and the average residence time in the kettle was 2.0 min, thereby obtaining a uniform polymerization reaction material after premixing.
- the material discharged from the outlet 5 of the mixing tank 10 sequentially flows through the first reactor 20, the second reactor 30, and the third reactor 40, and the average residence time in each reactor is 20 min, and the inside of each reactor is
- the reaction temperature was sequentially controlled at 30 ° C, 40 ° C and 50 ° C.
- the polymerization product is discharged from the outlet 45.
- the conversion of the isoprene monomer at the outlet of the first reactor was 60 wt%, and the final conversion at the outlet of the autoclave was 96 wt%.
- Example 2 is substantially the same as Example 1, except that the diameter of the center hole of the annular disk is 1.3 times the diameter of the stirring paddle.
- the conversion of the isoprene monomer at the outlet of the first reactor was 60.5 wt%, and the final conversion at the outlet of the autoclave was 96.2 wt%.
- Example 3 is substantially the same as Example 1, except that: the total amount of the polymerization material is reduced, and the mass ratio of the isoprene monomer, the catalyst and the solvent as in Example 1 is maintained to cause polymerization.
- the average residence time of the materials in the mixing kettle was 5 min. According to this example, the conversion of the isoprene monomer at the outlet of the first reactor was 65 wt%, and the final conversion at the outlet of the autoclave was 98.3 wt%.
- Example 4 is substantially the same as Example 1, except that the diameter of the stirring paddle is 2/3 of the diameter of the premixing kettle; while reducing the total amount of the polymerization material, and maintaining the same isoprene as in Example 1.
- the mass ratio of the diene monomer, the catalyst and the solvent was such that the average residence time of the polymerization material in the mixing vessel was 5 min.
- the conversion of the isoprene monomer at the outlet of the first reactor was 66 wt%, and the final conversion at the outlet of the autoclave was 98.3 wt%.
- Comparative Example 1 was substantially the same as Example 1, except that only the second agitating paddle from the bottom in the mixing vessel was retained, and the other agitating paddles and all the annular disks were removed.
- the conversion ratio of the isoprene monomer at the outlet of the first reactor was 40% by weight, and the final conversion at the outlet of the outlet was 80% by weight.
- Comparative Example 2 was substantially the same as Comparative Example 1, except that: the total amount of the polymerization material was reduced, and the mass ratio of the isoprene monomer, the catalyst, and the solvent was maintained as in Comparative Example 1, and the polymerization was allowed to proceed.
- the average residence time of the material in the premixed kettle was 5 min.
- the conversion ratio of the isoprene monomer at the outlet of the first reactor was 43% by weight, and the final conversion at the outlet of the outlet was 84% by weight.
- Comparative Example 3 is approximately the same as Comparative Example 1, except that the amount of catalyst used therein is increased to the original
- the conversion ratio of the isoprene monomer at the outlet of the first reactor was 55 wt%, and the final conversion at the outlet of the autoclave was 93 wt%.
- the catalyst and the solvent are pre-mixed and then pre-cooled by a heat exchanger, and the isoprene monomer is pre-cooled in a separate heat exchanger.
- the cooling medium used was 3 wt% sodium chloride chilled brine.
- each component of the pre-cooled polymerization material is separately introduced into a loop mixer for premixing, wherein the isoprene monomer is introduced into the loop mixer through the material inlet 3 after flowing out of the heat exchanger.
- the catalyst and solvent are introduced into the loop mixer through the material inlet 4 after exiting the heat exchanger.
- the polymerization material is rapidly circulated in the loop mixer, wherein the circulating flow rate Q r of the polymerization reaction material in the loop mixer and the outlet flow rate flowing out of the loop mixer Q.
- QJQ ut ratio of. Ut was 100, and the average residence time of the polymerization material in the loop mixer was 1.5 min.
- a solution polymerization operation of the isoprene monomer was carried out in accordance with the procedure shown in Fig. 5.
- the material discharged from the outlet 25 of the uniform polymerization material formed by the premixing of the loop mixer 50 sequentially flows through the first reactor 60, the second reactor 70, and the third reactor 80 for reaction in each reactor.
- the average residence time in the reactor was 30 min, and the reaction temperature inside each reactor was controlled at 30 ° C, 40 ° C and 50 ° C in turn.
- the polymerized material is discharged from the outlet 85 of the reactor 80.
- the final conversion of the isoprene monomer was 95% by weight.
- Example 5 was substantially repeated, except for the QJQ in which the loop mixer was made.
- Ut is 125.
- the final conversion of the isoprene monomer was 96% by weight.
- Example 5 was substantially repeated, except for the QJQ in which the loop mixer was made. Ut is 140.
- the final conversion of the isoprene monomer was 96.3 wt%.
- Example 5 was substantially repeated, except for the QJQ in which the loop mixer was made.
- Ut is 125, and the total amount of polymerization material is reduced, and the same mass ratio of isoprene monomer, catalyst and solvent as in Example 1 is maintained, so that the polymerization material is in the loop mixer
- the average residence time is 2.5 min.
- the final conversion of the isoprene monomer was 96.8 wt%.
- Example 5 was substantially repeated, except for the QJQ in which the loop mixer was made.
- Ut is 125, and the total amount of polymerization material is reduced, and the same mass ratio of isoprene monomer, catalyst and solvent as in Example 1 is maintained, so that the polymerization material is in the loop mixer
- the average residence time is 4 minutes.
- the final conversion of the isoprene monomer was 97.2% by weight.
- Example 5 was substantially repeated except that the components of the pre-cooled polymerization material were fed directly to the respective reactors of the polymerization stage without the premixing stage of the loop mixer.
- the final conversion of the isoprene monomer was 90% by weight.
- the basic repeat ratio of 5 is simply increased by twice the amount of catalyst used.
- the final conversion of the isoprene monomer was 95% by weight.
- Cis-1,4-configuration content (wt%) number average molecular weight (million) molecular weight distribution coefficient
- Example 5 96 37 3
- Example 6 97 38 3
- Comparative Example 5 96.5 38 3.1 It can be seen from the data listed in Tables 1 and 2 that when the pre-cooled polymerization material is premixed by the premixing system according to the present invention in the production process of the rare earth isoprene rubber, Since the highly homopolymerized polymerization material can be obtained, the obtained isoprene rubber product has a significantly higher cis-1,4-configuration content, a larger number average molecular weight, and a smaller molecular weight distribution coefficient. Therefore, the obtained isoprene rubber product is of better quality. In addition, the amount of catalyst can be significantly reduced by utilizing the premixing system of the present invention.
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