WO2012056741A1 - センサ装置 - Google Patents
センサ装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012056741A1 WO2012056741A1 PCT/JP2011/056246 JP2011056246W WO2012056741A1 WO 2012056741 A1 WO2012056741 A1 WO 2012056741A1 JP 2011056246 W JP2011056246 W JP 2011056246W WO 2012056741 A1 WO2012056741 A1 WO 2012056741A1
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- measurement
- power supply
- sensor
- power
- sensor unit
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D3/00—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups
- G01D3/10—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups with provision for switching-in of additional or auxiliary indicators or recorders
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/04—Constant-current supply systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sensor device that measures various measurement objects such as temperature and humidity.
- a variety of sensors are installed in our surrounding environment, and measurement data from the sensors are transmitted to the server device (or main device) and analyzed by the server device. And based on this analysis result, controlling the equipment installed in the surrounding environment is performed.
- the power consumption naturally increases.
- the sensor is operated by a battery, if the measurement and data transmission increase, the battery life is shortened, and the battery needs to be frequently replaced.
- Patent Document 1 includes a battery and direct-current voltage conversion means for generating a direct-current voltage lower than the battery voltage, and in a main drive state where power consumption is large (the main drive / standby state signal indicates the main drive state).
- the DC voltage generated by the DC voltage conversion means and the battery voltage when the power consumption is low (when the main drive / standby state signal indicates the standby state).
- Patent Document 2 describes that power supply voltage conversion is performed in accordance with a mode signal indicating an operation mode of a semiconductor device.
- Japanese Patent Publication Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-41825 (published on February 12, 1999)” Japanese Patent Publication “Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-353040 (published December 24, 1999)”
- Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 use a main drive / standby state signal and a mode signal for setting a mode, and cannot simply be applied to a sensor device. That is, the sensor device cannot set the operation mode from the outside according to the installation environment and the measurement target. For example, in the case of a sensor device that measures under a certain predetermined environment, the operation mode is changed when the surrounding environment becomes the predetermined environment, and is not changed by an external input signal.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a sensor device capable of reducing power consumption even in a sensor device whose operation state can be changed according to an installation environment or the like. It is aimed.
- the present invention is a sensor device having a sensor unit and a control unit, and has a plurality of power supply paths from a power source to the sensor unit and the control unit. It is characterized in that it can be switched according to the operating state of the sensor unit.
- the power supply path (power supply switching) according to the operation mode of the sensor device, it is possible to select an optimal power supply path and reduce power consumption.
- the power supply switching is not performed by using a main drive / standby state signal or mode signal for setting the operation mode, but the operation state of the device itself (output signal of the sensor unit or wireless communication device). Can be done by. That is, power consumption can be reduced even in a sensor device whose operation state can change according to the installation environment or the like.
- a sensor device having a sensor unit and a control unit has a plurality of power supply paths from the power source to the sensor unit and the control unit, and these power supply paths are switched according to the operating state of the sensor unit. Is possible.
- the power supply path power supply switching
- the power switching is performed according to the operation state of the device itself (the output signal of the sensor unit), so that power consumption can be reduced even in a sensor device whose operation state can change according to the installation environment. it can.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a sensor device according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a power supply switching algorithm in the first embodiment.
- 10 is a flowchart showing a power supply switching algorithm in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a sensor device according to a third embodiment.
- 10 is a flowchart illustrating a power supply switching algorithm in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a sensor device according to a fourth embodiment.
- 10 is a flowchart showing a power supply switching algorithm in the fourth embodiment.
- 10 is a flowchart showing a power supply switching algorithm in the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a sensor device according to a sixth embodiment. 18 is a flowchart illustrating a power supply switching algorithm in the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a sensor device according to a seventh embodiment. 18 is a flowchart showing a power supply switching algorithm in the seventh embodiment. 20 is a flowchart illustrating a sensor measurement start condition determination algorithm according to Embodiment 8.
- FIGS. 1 to 13 Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 13 as follows.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the sensor device according to the present embodiment.
- the sensor device 100 of this embodiment includes a sensor unit 101, a wireless communication device 102, a DC power source 103, a DC converter 104, a control IC (control unit) 105, and switches SW1 and SW2.
- a sensor unit 101 As shown in FIG. 1, the sensor device 100 of this embodiment includes a sensor unit 101, a wireless communication device 102, a DC power source 103, a DC converter 104, a control IC (control unit) 105, and switches SW1 and SW2.
- a control IC control unit
- the sensor device 100 measures a measurement target such as temperature and humidity by the sensor unit 101 and transmits measurement data obtained by the measurement to the server device or the like by the wireless communication device 102. In addition, the sensor device 100 executes the measurement process and the transmission process at a set timing.
- the DC power supply 103 is a finite power supply source such as a battery, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the DC power source 103 is a battery, it greatly contributes to the purpose of extending the life of the battery. However, even if the DC power source 103 is not a finite power supply source, an effect of reducing power consumption can be obtained in the present invention.
- the power supplied from the DC power source 103 to the sensor unit 101, the wireless communication device 102, and the control IC 105 is supplied through one of the two power supply paths. That is, one is a path for supplying power from the DC power supply 103 via the DC converter 104, and the other is a path for supplying power directly from the DC power supply 103. These power supply paths are switched by turning on / off the switches SW1 and SW2. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the DC converter 104 is a step-down DC converter.
- the control IC 105 controls the sensor device 100, and performs operation control of the sensor unit 101 and the wireless communication unit 102, and on / off switching control of the switches SW1 and SW2.
- ⁇ s1 is a signal between the sensor and the control IC
- ⁇ s2 is a signal between the wireless communication device and the control IC
- ⁇ s1 and ⁇ s2 are switch operation signals.
- the sensor device 100 uses a finite power supply source for the DC power source 103, it is important to reduce power consumption and extend the life of the power source. In the sensor device 100, power consumption is reduced by switching the power supply path according to the operation mode.
- the sensor device 100 includes, as its operation mode, a sensing mode in which measurement is performed by the sensor unit 101, a transmission mode in which measurement data is transmitted by the wireless communication device 102, and a sleep mode in which neither measurement nor transmission is performed.
- the sensor device 100 supplies power via the DC converter 104 in the sensing mode and the transmission mode, and supplies power directly from the DC power source 103 in the sleep mode. The reason for this is as follows.
- the DC converter 104 When power is supplied via the DC converter 104, the current conversion efficiency increases in a region where the output voltage is large, but the current conversion efficiency decreases in a region where the output voltage is small. In the sensing mode or the transmission mode, since a relatively large current is required for the operation of the sensor unit 101 or the wireless communication device 102, the DC converter 104 can be driven with a large current conversion efficiency. In addition, if power is directly supplied to the sensor unit 101 from the DC power source 103 such as a battery, the accuracy of the sensor is reduced when the battery voltage is reduced. Therefore, if the accuracy of the sensor is maintained, the battery capacity cannot be used up. There's a problem.
- the DC converter 104 By supplying power via the DC converter 104, stable power supply without voltage fluctuation can be performed to the sensor unit 101, and the battery capacity can be used up efficiently while maintaining the detection accuracy of the sensor. Further, if the DC converter 104 is a step-down converter, the operating voltage of the control IC 105 can be set to a voltage close to the lower limit of the standard use voltage, and the power consumption by the control IC 105 can be reduced.
- the output current is reduced, and the DC converter 104 is stopped, so that the operating power in the DC converter 104 can be reduced.
- the sensor device 100 reduces the power consumption by switching the power supply path according to the operation mode, and in particular, the power supply path switching algorithm (power supply switching algorithm). It has the characteristic in. Hereinafter, an example of this algorithm will be described with reference to FIG.
- the transition to the sleep mode is first performed. That is, the control IC 105 turns off the switch SW1 and turns on the switch SW2 (S1). As a result, the DC converter 104 is stopped, and power is directly supplied from the DC power source 103 to the sensor unit 101, the wireless communication device 102, and the control IC 105 (battery direct connection). As a result, the sensor device 100 enters the sleep mode (S2). Since the power supply to the DC converter 104 itself is stopped by turning off the switch SW1, the DC converter 104 is stopped in the sleep mode.
- the control IC 105 monitors the sensor status signal and the communication device status signal in order to shift to the sensing mode and the transmission mode at an appropriate timing.
- the control IC 105 determines that the transition to the sensing mode is possible, and turns on the switch SW1 and turns on the switch SW2. Turn off (S4).
- the DC converter 104 operates, and power is supplied to the sensor unit 101, the wireless communication device 102, and the control IC 105 via the DC converter 104.
- the sensor unit 101 when shifting to the sensing mode, the sensor unit 101 starts the measurement operation and acquires the measurement value (S5).
- the acquired measurement data is held in the memory (S6).
- the control IC 105 determines that the transition to the transmission mode is possible.
- the wireless communication device 102 transmits the measurement data held in the memory (S8). If it is not possible to shift to the transmission mode due to deterioration of the communication state or the like (No in S7), the data transmission at that time is not performed and the sleep mode is returned (return to S1).
- the sensor state signal being in the measurement standby state refers to a state in which the sensor can measure the value of the surrounding environment to be measured within a predetermined allowable error range.
- the following states can be considered.
- (1) The power supply voltage is within the specified range.
- the power supply voltage is within the specified range within the measurement time.
- the environment of the sensor detection unit must be the same as the ambient environment of the measurement target within the allowable error range.
- the condition that the temperature of the detection unit is within an allowable error with respect to the surrounding environment is one requirement that satisfies the measurement standby state.
- an acceleration sensor there is a case where it is desired to acquire a signal having a constant frequency (for example, when detecting a vibration associated with an operation with a fixed period, such as a specific frequency due to the rotation of a motor).
- a sampling period that is at least twice the frequency to be measured. In order to determine this sampling period, sampling may be performed at a high speed in advance. .
- the state in which the period of the main sampling is set in the sensor is one requirement that satisfies the measurement standby state.
- Noise in the surrounding environment must be within the specified level within the measurement time. ⁇
- noise that causes an error in measurement may be generated.
- this noise level is measured by another sensor and the noise level falls below the allowable level, it becomes one factor that satisfies the measurement standby state.
- the sensor measurement accuracy may be deteriorated by changing the power supply voltage of the sensor.
- the electromagnetic wave level can be measured by another sensor / radio device, and the measurement standby state of the sensor can be determined.
- the sensor status signal is generated by measuring in advance whether the above conditions (1) to (3) are satisfied. Alternatively, it can be generated by learning from previous measurement results. For example, when the temperature change is abrupt, it is conceivable to calculate the delay of the measurement timing due to the temperature change of the detection unit from the previous measurement result, and generate a signal for setting the sensor state signal to the measurement standby state.
- satisfying the sensor measurement start condition means that the timing is necessary for sensing.
- measurement at regular intervals is also included.
- the next measurement timing can be generated from the tendency of the previous measurement result, or the measurement timing can be generated by a measurement signal from another sensor.
- the communication device status signal is in the communication standby state, (1)
- the state of the wireless communication device installed in the local node must be communicable, (2)
- the state of the communication device on the receiving side (server / other node) is communicable, (3)
- the wireless communication path can communicate, The three points are secured.
- the following states can be considered.
- the state of (1) •
- the power supply voltage supplied to the communication device is within the specified range.
- the power supply voltage is within the specified range within the communication time.
- the connection information with the receiving communication device is retained. For example, in the case of WiFi wireless, the IP address, port number, wireless communication channel, etc. of the receiving side communication device are required.
- This condition is necessary when the power of the wireless communication device is turned off to reduce power consumption when the node is in a sleep state, etc., and connection information needs to be reacquired when the power is turned on.
- As for the state of (2) it is necessary that the power supply voltage on the receiver side be within a predetermined range as described above. It is also necessary to hold connection information.
- As the state of (3) • A wireless communication band can be secured. Communication may be impossible if the communication frequency band is filled with other nodes or other devices using wireless communication devices of the same frequency band. -Even if the communication environment has deteriorated due to obstacles, etc., it should be possible to ensure the strength of radio wave transmission and reception that can be communicated. It may change in the time axis direction due to environmental changes caused by movement of human bodies and obstacles.
- the communication standby state signal is generated based on the previous transmission result, the test of the communication path before this transmission, the prediction from the previous transmission state, etc., whether or not the above three states are satisfied.
- satisfying the data transmission condition means that it is time to transmit data. Similar to the sensor measurement start condition, this condition also includes transmission at regular intervals.For example, the next transmission timing is generated from the trend of the previous measurement result, or the transmission timing is determined by the measurement signal from another sensor. Can be generated. It is also possible to set data transmission conditions by receiving signals from other nodes and servers. Even when the data transmission condition is satisfied, a signal indicating that is transmitted from the wireless communication unit to the control IC 105.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an algorithm when the power source is switched according to the measurement frequency.
- the measurement frequency can be arbitrarily set, and the power source is switched according to the measurement frequency.
- the measurement frequency may be set from the outside via the wireless communication device 102, for example.
- the transition to the sleep mode is first performed.
- the power supply in the sleep mode is varied depending on whether the measurement frequency is equal to or less than a threshold value (N / min).
- the measurement frequency is equal to or less than the threshold value (N / min) (Yes in S11) (Yes in S11), the measurement frequency is small and the operation mode is not changed frequently. Therefore, the power consumption is stopped by stopping the DC converter 104 in the sleep mode. Can be effectively reduced. For this reason, when the measurement frequency is equal to or less than the threshold (N / min), the control IC 105 turns off the switch SW1 and turns on the switch SW2 (S12). As a result, the DC converter 104 stops and the sensor device 100 enters the sleep mode (S14).
- the control IC 105 turns on the switch SW1, turns off the switch SW2 (S13), and shifts to the sleep mode (S14). That is, power is supplied through the DC converter 104 even in the sleep mode.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the sensor device according to the present embodiment.
- the sensor device 200 is configured to obtain a good power consumption reduction effect, particularly when the power supply is switched based on sensing accuracy.
- the sensor device 200 in FIG. 4 has a configuration similar to that of the sensor device 100 in FIG. 1, but the switch SW3 and the second switch SW3 are connected between the DC power source 103, the sensor unit 101, the wireless communication device 102, and the control IC 105.
- the 2DC converter 201 is connected in series.
- the DC converter 104 is referred to as a first DC converter 104.
- the second DC converter 201 is a step-up DC converter.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an algorithm in the case of switching the power supply depending on the sensing accuracy.
- the present embodiment for example, it is assumed that there is a request to perform highly accurate measurement when the measurement range is ⁇ to ⁇ .
- power is supplied via the second DC converter 201 in the range of ⁇ to ⁇ . This is because the sensors generally perform analog operation, and the measurement error is reduced and the measurement can be performed with high accuracy when the operation voltage is set to a high voltage.
- the transition to the sleep mode is performed first. That is, the control IC 105 turns off the switches SW1 and SW3 and turns on the switch SW2 (S21). As a result, the first and second DC converters 104 and 201 are stopped, and power is directly supplied from the DC power supply 103 to the sensor unit 101, the wireless communication device 102, and the control IC 105 (direct battery connection). As a result, the sensor device 200 enters the sleep mode (S22).
- the control IC 105 monitors the sensor status signal and the communication device status signal in order to shift to the sensing mode and the transmission mode at an appropriate timing.
- the control IC 105 determines that the transition to the sensing mode is possible, turns on the switch SW1, turns on the switch SW2, and SW3 is turned off (S24).
- the first DC converter 104 operates, and power is supplied to the sensor unit 101, the wireless communication device 102, and the control IC 105 via the first DC converter 104 that is a step-down DC converter.
- the sensor unit 101 When shifting to the sensing mode in this way, the sensor unit 101 starts a measurement operation and acquires a measurement value (S25). However, the measurement value obtained in S25 is obtained under power supply via the first DC converter 104, and this measurement data is not obtained by high-precision measurement. Therefore, it is determined whether or not ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ s1 ⁇ ⁇ is satisfied for the measured value ⁇ s1 obtained in S25 (S26).
- the switches SW1 and SW2 are turned off and the switch SW3 is turned on in order to perform highly accurate measurement in this range (S27).
- the second DC converter 201 operates, and power is supplied to the sensor unit 101, the wireless communication device 102, and the control IC 105 via the second DC converter 201 that is a step-up DC converter.
- the sensor unit 101 starts the measurement operation again and acquires the measurement value (S28). Further, the switch SW1 is turned on, the switches SW2 and SW3 are turned off (S29), the first DC converter is operated, and the measurement data acquired in S28 is held in the memory (S30). If ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ s1 ⁇ ⁇ is not satisfied in S26, high-precision measurement is not necessary, and the measurement data acquired in S25 is held in the memory (S30).
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the sensor device according to the present embodiment.
- This sensor device 300 is configured to obtain a good power consumption reduction effect, particularly when power supply switching is performed with sensing accuracy, but differs from the sensor device 200 of FIG. 4 in that it includes a plurality of sensor units. Yes.
- the sensor device 300 in FIG. 6 has a configuration similar to that of the sensor device 200 in FIG. 4, but further includes a second sensor unit 301.
- the sensor unit 101 is referred to as the first sensor unit 101.
- the first sensor unit 101 and the second sensor unit 301 are different types of sensors such as a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, for example.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an algorithm in the case of switching the power supply depending on the sensing accuracy.
- the first sensor unit 101 wants to perform high-accuracy measurement in a measurement range of ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 1
- the second sensor unit 301 has a measurement range of ⁇ 2. and that there is demand for the want to accurate measurement in a range of beta 2.
- the sensor device 300 of FIG. 6 when the measured value of the first sensor unit 101 is in the range of ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 1 or the measured value of the second sensor unit 101 is ⁇ 2 to ⁇ 2 .
- power supply is performed via the second DC converter 201.
- the transition to the sleep mode is first performed. That is, the control IC 105 turns off the switches SW1 and SW3 and turns on the switch SW2 (S41). As a result, the first and second DC converters 104 and 201 are stopped, and power is directly supplied from the DC power source 103 to the first sensor unit 101, the second sensor unit 301, the wireless communication device 102, and the control IC 105 (direct battery connection). ). As a result, the sensor device 300 enters the sleep mode (S42).
- the control IC 105 monitors the sensor status signal and the communication device status signal in order to shift to the sensing mode and the transmission mode at an appropriate timing.
- the control IC 105 determines that the transition to the sensing mode is possible, turns on the switch SW1, turns on the switch SW2, and SW3 is turned off (S44).
- the first DC converter 104 operates, and power is supplied to the first sensor unit 101, the second sensor unit 301, the wireless communication device 102, and the control IC 105 via the first DC converter 104, which is a step-down DC converter. .
- the 1st sensor part 101 and the 2nd sensor part 301 will start measurement operation, and will acquire a measured value (S45).
- the measurement value obtained in S45 is obtained under the power supply through the first DC converter 104, and the measurement data is not obtained by high-precision measurement. Therefore, it is determined whether or not ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ s1 ⁇ ⁇ 1 or ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ s3 ⁇ ⁇ 2 is satisfied with respect to the measured values ⁇ s1 and ⁇ s3 obtained in S45 (S46). .
- the first sensor unit 101 and the second sensor unit 301 start the measurement operation again and acquire the measurement value (S48). Further, the switch SW1 is turned on, the switches SW2 and SW3 are turned off (S49), the first DC converter is operated, and the measurement data acquired in S48 is held in the memory (S50). If the determination condition in S46 is not satisfied, high-precision measurement is not necessary, and the measurement data acquired in S45 is held in the memory (S50).
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing another algorithm in the case of switching the power supply depending on the sensing accuracy.
- the configuration of the sensor device here is the same as that of the sensor device 300 of FIG.
- the measurement by the second sensor unit 301 is performed only when the measurement value of the first sensor unit 101 is in the range of ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 1 , and the measurement by the second sensor unit 301 is relatively high.
- the transition to the sleep mode is first performed. That is, the control IC 105 turns off the switches SW1 and SW3 and turns on the switch SW2 (S61). As a result, the first and second DC converters 104 and 201 are stopped, and power is directly supplied from the DC power source 103 to the first sensor unit 101, the second sensor unit 301, the wireless communication device 102, and the control IC 105 (direct battery connection). ). As a result, the sensor device 300 enters the sleep mode (S62).
- the control IC 105 monitors the sensor status signal and the communication device status signal in order to shift to the sensing mode and the transmission mode at an appropriate timing.
- the control IC 105 determines that the transition to the sensing mode is possible, turns on the switch SW1, turns on the switch SW2, and SW3 is turned off (S64).
- the first DC converter 104 operates, and power is supplied to the first sensor unit 101, the second sensor unit 301, the wireless communication device 102, and the control IC 105 via the first DC converter 104, which is a step-down DC converter. .
- the first sensor unit 101 When shifting to the sensing mode in this way, first, the first sensor unit 101 starts a measurement operation and acquires a measurement value (S65). Further, it is determined whether or not ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ s1 ⁇ ⁇ 1 is satisfied with respect to the measured value ⁇ s1 obtained in S65 (S66).
- the second sensor unit 301 starts a measurement operation and acquires a measurement value (S68). Further, the switch SW1 is turned on, the switches SW2 and SW3 are turned off (S69), the first DC converter is operated, and the measurement data acquired in S65 and S68 is held in the memory (S70). If the determination condition in S66 is not satisfied, the measurement by the second sensor unit 301 is not necessary, so only the measurement data acquired in S65 is stored in the memory (S70).
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the sensor device according to the present embodiment.
- the sensor device 400 is configured to obtain a good power consumption reduction effect, particularly when power is switched based on wireless communication quality.
- the sensor device 400 in FIG. 9 has a configuration similar to the sensor device 200 in FIG. 4, but includes a wireless communication device 401 instead of the wireless communication device 102.
- the wireless communication device 401 can change the wireless communication quality depending on the supply voltage, and the higher the supply voltage is within a predetermined operating voltage range, the higher the wireless communication quality is.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an algorithm when the power source is switched according to the wireless communication quality.
- power consumption can be reduced by switching the power supply so that the optimum wireless communication quality is selected according to the wireless communication state.
- the flowchart shown in FIG. 10 shows only the power supply switching operation during transmission processing.
- the power supply state Ps is initially set.
- the switch SW1 is turned on and the switches SW2 and SW3 are turned off (S82).
- the first DC converter 104 operates, and power is supplied to the wireless communication device 401 via the first DC converter 104 that is a step-down DC converter.
- the switch SW2 is turned on and the switches SW1 and SW3 are turned off (S83). Thereby, the first DC converter 104 and the second DC converter 201 are stopped, and power is supplied to the wireless communication device 401 by direct battery connection.
- the switch SW3 is turned on and the switches SW1 and SW2 are turned off (S84).
- the second DC converter 201 operates, and power is supplied to the wireless communication device 401 via the second DC converter 201 that is a step-up DC converter.
- the wireless communication device 401 has higher wireless communication quality as the supply voltage is higher, the communication quality at the state 1 is the lowest, and the communication quality at the state 3 is the highest. Further, for convenience of explanation, the initial setting steps S81 to S84 of the power supply state Ps are first entered in the flow of FIG. 10, but actually, the power supply state immediately before the start of the transmission process may be set as the initial power supply state as it is.
- measurement data stored in the memory is wirelessly transmitted according to the set power state (S85). Furthermore, in order to maintain the optimum wireless communication quality without excess or deficiency, the communication state is monitored during the transmission mode. That is, in S86, it is monitored whether the ACK reception delay time or the packet transmission loss rate exceeds a threshold value, for example.
- the wireless communication quality with respect to the wireless communication state at that time Is determined to be insufficient, and the power supply state is switched to improve wireless communication quality. That is, if the power state at that time is state 1, it is switched to state 2 (S87), and if it is state 2, it is switched to state 3 (S88). If the power state at that time is state 3, the wireless communication quality cannot be increased any more, so state 3 is maintained (S88).
- the first DC converter 104 and the second DC converter 201 are stopped by turning on the switch SW2 and turning off the switches SW1 and SW3 (S91), and shift to the sleep mode (S92).
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the sensor device according to the present embodiment.
- This sensor device 500 is configured to obtain a good power consumption reduction effect, particularly when power supply switching is performed with sensing accuracy.
- a sensor device 500 in FIG. 11 has a configuration similar to that of the sensor device 200 in FIG. 4, but includes a wireless transceiver 501 instead of the wireless communication device 102. That is, in this embodiment, a sensor system is configured in which a plurality of sensor devices are arranged in a certain space, measurement results from the plurality of sensor devices are aggregated in a server device, and the state in the space is detected. Yes.
- the sensor device 500 is one of the sensor devices that constitute the sensor system.
- the wireless communication transceiver 501 transmits not only the measured value to the server device but also other sensor devices (other nodes). ) Is also possible.
- the sensor device 500 can perform power management based on prediction by receiving and setting power supply state information of other neighboring nodes, instead of generating a power supply switching command based on sensing accuracy in its own node. It has become.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an algorithm in the case of switching the power supply according to the sensing accuracy according to the present embodiment.
- the flowchart shown in FIG. 12 shows the power supply switching operation during the measurement process.
- a power state signal in another node is received (S101).
- the power state signal may be received from all other nodes, or may be received from a predetermined specific node (for example, the nearest node or a node installed at a specific position). Also good.
- the power state of the other node received is determined (S102), and the power state of the own node is set accordingly (S103, S104).
- state1 is a power state for operating the first DC converter 104
- state2 is a power state for operating the second DC converter 201.
- the control IC 105 may set the power supply state of the own device according to a predetermined algorithm. For example, the power state of the own node may be set in accordance with the largest number of power states.
- the sensor unit 101 starts a measurement operation under the power supply state set in S103 or S104, and acquires a measurement value (S105).
- the switch SW1 is turned on, the switch SW2 and the switch SW3 are turned off, the first DC converter 104 is operated (S106), and the measurement data obtained in S105 is held in the memory (S107).
- the switch SW1 and the switch SW3 are turned off and the switch SW2 is turned on to stop the DC converter to supply power by directly connecting the battery (S108), and shift to the sleep mode (S109).
- the sensor device according to the present invention performs power source switching in accordance with the operation mode, and thereby reduces power consumption.
- the mode is set.
- the above switching is not performed using a main drive / standby state signal or a mode signal.
- the sensor device according to the present invention determines the sensor measurement start condition from the operation state of the device itself, in other words, the output signal of the sensor unit or the wireless communication device, and switches the mode and switches the power source when the sensor measurement start condition is satisfied. It is characterized by performing. A specific example will be described below with reference to FIG.
- sensor device 200 shown in FIG. 4 it is assumed that sensor device 200 shown in FIG. 4 is used. Further, it is assumed that the sensor unit 101 is a temperature sensor, and there is a demand to perform measurement with high accuracy in a temperature range from T 2 to T 3 . Further, it is assumed that there is a demand for increasing the measurement frequency in a range where measurement is to be performed with high accuracy.
- An example of a sensor measurement start condition determination algorithm in the case where there is such a request is shown in FIG.
- the measurement time t 0 until the next measurement is set according to the sensor measurement value ⁇ s1 at the last measurement. Then, when the measurement time t 0 has elapsed, the next measurement is performed assuming that the sensor measurement start condition is satisfied.
- the sensor measurement value ⁇ s1 is first compared with a threshold value (S110).
- the threshold values used here are four threshold values that satisfy the relationship of T 1 ⁇ T 2 ⁇ T 3 ⁇ T 4 .
- the threshold value T 2 and T 3 indicates the measurement range to perform the measurement with high accuracy.
- T 1 and T 4 are used to set an area for determining a state approaching the measurement range.
- the measurement time t 0 until the next measurement is set to X 0 (S111, S117). If T 2 ⁇ ⁇ s1 ⁇ T 3 , it is recognized that it is within the measurement range where measurement is to be performed with high accuracy, and in this case, the measurement time t 0 until the next measurement is set to X 1 ( S114).
- X 1 is set to be shorter than X 0 (X 1 ⁇ X 0 ).
- T 1 ⁇ s1 ⁇ T 2 it is determined whether the amount of change in the measured value is approaching or moving away from T 2 . That is, if it is positive variation of the slope [Delta] [gamma] s1 / Delta] t is recognized as approaching the T 2, order to ensure accuracy of measurement in the range of T 3 from T 2, the measurement time t 0 [Delta] T ( ⁇ s1 / ⁇ t) is set (S112).
- the measurement time t 0 is set to X 0 (S116). If the sensor measurement start condition is determined according to the above flow, measurement can be performed accurately and reliably in the range where high-precision measurement is desired, and measurement accuracy is reduced in the other ranges. By doing so, power consumption can be reduced.
- the frequency of operation is increased in the sensor range to be measured to ensure accuracy in the time direction, while reducing power consumption by switching the power supply circuit. realizable.
- the sensor device of the present invention is a sensor device having a sensor unit and a control unit, and has a plurality of power supply paths from the power source to the sensor unit and the control unit. It is characterized in that it can be switched according to the operation state of the part.
- the sensor device includes a wireless communication device for transmitting the measurement result of the sensor unit, and the plurality of power supply paths also supply power from a power source to the wireless communication device.
- the plurality of power supply paths can be switched depending on the operating state of the wireless communication device.
- the power supply path (power supply switching) according to the operation mode of the sensor device, it is possible to select an optimal power supply path and reduce power consumption.
- the power supply switching is not performed by using a main drive / standby state signal or mode signal for setting the operation mode, but the operation state of the device itself (output signal of the sensor unit or wireless communication device). Can be done by. That is, power consumption can be reduced even in a sensor device whose operation state can change according to the installation environment or the like.
- the power supply path is a path for supplying power via a DC converter in an operation mode in which current consumption is relatively large, and a power source is connected to a load in an operation mode in which current consumption is relatively small.
- the power supply path can be switched such that the power supply path is directly connected to supply power.
- the DC converter in an operation mode (for example, sensing mode or transmission mode) in which current consumption is relatively large, the DC converter can be driven with a large current conversion efficiency. Further, in an operation mode (for example, sleep mode) in which current consumption is relatively small, the operating power in the DC converter can be reduced.
- the power supply path is switched depending on the sensing accuracy of the sensor unit, and power is supplied via a step-up DC converter in a measurement range where the sensor unit performs high-precision measurement. It can be set as a path
- the sensor device includes at least a first sensor unit and a second sensor unit, performs measurement in the first sensor unit in a state where power is supplied via a step-down DC converter, and performs the first sensor unit.
- the measurement value at the sensor unit is within a predetermined range, the measurement at the second sensor unit can be performed in a state where power is supplied via the step-up DC converter.
- the power supply path is switched when the measurement frequency at which the sensor unit performs measurement is equal to or less than the threshold value, and the power supply path is switched when the measurement frequency exceeds the threshold value. It can be set as the structure which does not perform.
- the switching control is performed according to the measurement frequency. This can be done only when the switching control is effective in reducing power consumption.
- the measurement result is received from another sensor device via the wireless communication device, and whether or not the received measurement value is within a measurement range in which the sensor unit performs high-precision measurement.
- the power supply path can be switched.
- the measurement results from other sensor devices are used to perform high-accuracy measurement in a desired measurement range, and a voltage more than necessary is not supplied in other ranges, leading to reduction in power consumption. .
- the sensor device can be configured to monitor the communication state with the wireless communication device, switch the power supply path according to the communication state, and perform optimal power supply with respect to the communication state.
- the supply voltage is increased, and when the wireless communication quality is excessive, the supply voltage is decreased. Therefore, it is possible to always supply power without excess or deficiency with respect to the communication state, and it is possible to suppress wasteful power consumption while maintaining wireless communication quality.
- the present invention can be applied to a sensor system or the like that can achieve low power consumption (long battery life) in a sensor device that uses a finite power supply source such as a battery and wirelessly transmits a measurement result from the sensor to a server. it can.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本実施の形態に係るセンサ装置の概略構成を示すブロック図である。本実施形態のセンサ装置100は、図1に示すように、センサ部101、無線通信機102、直流電源103、DCコンバータ104、制御IC(制御部)105、およびスイッチSW1・SW2を備えて構成されている。
(1) 電源電圧が所定の範囲内にあること。測定時間内に所定の範囲の電源電圧に収まっていること。
(2) センサの検出部の環境が測定対象の周囲環境と許容誤差範囲内で同一であること。
例:
・温度センサの場合、検出部が熱容量を持つため、周囲環境の温度が急激に変化した場合、検出部の温度は周囲環境に対して遅れて変化に追従する。検出部の温度が周囲環境に対して許容誤差以内にある状態が、計測待機状態を満たす一要件となる。湿度センサ、CO2センサ等も同様である。
・加速度センサを用いる場合、一定の周波数の信号を取得したい場合がある(例えば、モーターの回転による特定の振動数等、周期の決まった動作に伴う振動を検出する場合)。特定周期の信号を選択的に抽出するために、少なくとも測定対象の周波数の2倍のサンプリング周期で測定を行う必要があり、このサンプリング周期を決定するため、事前に高速にサンプリングを行うことがある。この事前サンプリングの結果を用いて、本サンプリングの周期がセンサにセットされた状態が、計測待機状態を満たす一要件となる。
(3) 周囲環境のノイズが測定時間内に所定のレベル以下に収まっていること。
・測定対象によっては、測定に誤差を生じるノイズを発生している場合がある。このノイズレベルを他のセンサで測定し、ノイズレベルが許容以下になった場合が計測待機状態を満たす一要因となる。たとえば、センサ近傍で強い電磁波ノイズが放射されている場合(携帯電話など)、センサの電源電圧を変動しセンサ測定精度を悪化させる場合がある。電磁波レベルを他のセンサ・無線機などで測定し、センサの計測待機状態を決定することができる。
(1) 自ノードに搭載している無線通信機の状態が通信可能な状態であること、
(2) 受信側(サーバ・他ノード)通信機の状態が通信可能な状態であること、
(3) 無線通信経路が通信可能なこと、
の3点が確保されている状態を指す。具体的には以下のような状態が考えられる。
(1)の状態としては、
・通信機へ供給する電源電圧が所定の範囲内にあること。通信時間内に所定の範囲の電源電圧に収まっていること。
・受信側通信機との接続情報を保持していること。例えば、WiFi無線であれば、受信側通信機のIPアドレス、ポート番号、無線通信チャネル等が必要になる。この条件は、ノードがスリープ状態にある場合などに無線通信機の電源をオフにして低消費電力化を図る場合があるため、電源オン時に接続情報を取得し直す必要がある場合等に必要になる。
(2)の状態としては、上記と同様に受信機側の電源電圧が所定の範囲に収まっていることが必要になる。また、接続情報を保持することも必要になる。
(3)の状態としては、
・無線通信帯域が確保できること。他のノードや同じ周波数帯の無線通信機を使用する他の機器によって通信周波数帯域が埋まっていると、通信が不可能な場合がある。
・障害物等による通信環境の悪化があった場合にも、通信可能な電波送受信強度を確保できること。人体や障害物の移動による環境変化によって時間軸方向で変化する場合もある。
図3は、測定頻度によって電源切替を行う場合のアルゴリズムを示すフローチャートである。このアルゴリズムでは測定頻度が任意に設定可能であり、その測定頻度によって電源切替を行っている。尚、測定頻度は、例えば無線通信機102を介して外部からの設定が可能であっても良い。
図4は、本実施の形態に係るセンサ装置の概略構成を示すブロック図である。このセンサ装置200は、特にセンシング精度による電源切替を行う場合に、良好な消費電力削減効果が得られる構成となっている。図4のセンサ装置200は、図1のセンサ装置100と類似した構成となっているが、直流電源103と、センサ部101、無線通信機102、および制御IC105との間に、スイッチSW3と第2DCコンバータ201とが直列に接続された構成となっている。尚、以下の説明では、DCコンバータ104を第1DCコンバータ104と称する。また、第2DCコンバータ201は昇圧型のDCコンバータである。
図6は、本実施の形態に係るセンサ装置の概略構成を示すブロック図である。このセンサ装置300は、特にセンシング精度による電源切替を行う場合に、良好な消費電力削減効果が得られる構成であるが、図4のセンサ装置200とはセンサ部を複数備えている点で異なっている。図6のセンサ装置300は、図4のセンサ装置200と類似した構成となっているが、さらに、第2センサ部301を備えている。尚、以下の説明では、センサ部101を第1センサ部101と称する。また、第1センサ部101と第2センサ部301とは、例えば、温度センサと湿度センサなど、それぞれ種類の異なるセンサであるとする。
図8は、センシング精度によって電源切替を行う場合の他のアルゴリズムを示すフローチャートである。ここでのセンサ装置の構成は、図6のセンサ装置300と同じである。本実施の形態では、例えば、第1センサ部101の測定値がα1からβ1の範囲である時にのみ第2センサ部301での測定を行い、第2センサ部301の測定では比較的高電圧を供給しての高精度な測定を行いたいとの要求があるものとする。
図9は、本実施の形態に係るセンサ装置の概略構成を示すブロック図である。このセンサ装置400は、特に無線通信品質による電源切替を行う場合に、良好な消費電力削減効果が得られる構成となっている。図9のセンサ装置400は、図4のセンサ装置200と類似した構成となっているが、無線通信機102に代えて無線通信機401を備えた構成となっている。無線通信機401は、供給電圧によって無線通信品質が変更できるものであり、定められた動作電圧範囲内で供給電圧が高いほど無線通信品質も高くなる。
図11は、本実施の形態に係るセンサ装置の概略構成を示すブロック図である。このセンサ装置500は、特にセンシング精度による電源切替を行う場合に、良好な消費電力削減効果が得られる構成となっている。図11のセンサ装置500は、図4のセンサ装置200と類似した構成となっているが、無線通信機102に代えて無線送受信機501を備えた構成となっている。すなわち、本実施の形態では、ある空間内に複数のセンサ装置を配置し、これら複数のセンサ装置からの測定結果をサーバ装置に集約し、当該空間内の状態を検知するセンサシステムを構成している。本実施の形態におけるセンサ装置500は、上記センサシステムを構成するセンサ装置の一つであり、無線通送受信機501によって、サーバ装置への測定値の送信のみならず、他のセンサ装置(他ノード)との通信も可能となっている。センサ装置500は、センシング精度による電源切替命令を自ノード内で生成するのではなく、近隣の他ノードの電源状態情報を受信して設定することで、予測に基づく電源管理を行うことができるようになっている。
本発明に係るセンサ装置は、動作モードに応じて電源切替を行っており、これによって消費電力の削減を図るものであるが、特許文献1や特許文献2のように、モードを設定するための主駆動/待機状態信号やモード信号を用いて上記切替を行うものではない。本発明に係るセンサ装置は、装置自体の動作状態、言い換えれば、センサ部や無線通信機の出力信号からセンサ計測スタート条件を判定し、センサ計測スタート条件が満たされた場合にモード移行と電源切替とを行うことを特徴としている。以下に、図13を参照して具体例を説明する。
同様に、T3<γs1<T4である場合には、測定値の変化量がT3に近づいているのか遠ざかっているのかが判定される。すなわち、変化量の傾きΔγs1/Δtが負であれば、T3に近づいていると認識し、測定時間t0をΔT(Δγs1/Δt)に設定する(S115)。変化量の傾きΔγs1/Δtが正であれば、T3から遠ざかっていると認識し、測定時間t0をX0に設定する(S116)
上記フローに沿って、センサ計測スタート条件の判定を行えば、高精度の測定を行いたい範囲で確実に精度良く測定を行うことができ、それ以外の範囲では測定精度を測定頻度を落として測定することで低消費電力化ができる。
101,301 センサ部
102,401 無線通信機
103 直流電源
104,201 DCコンバータ
105 制御IC
501 無線送受信機
Claims (8)
- センサ部、制御部を有するセンサ装置であって、
電源からセンサ部および制御部への電力供給経路を複数有し、これらの電力供給経路を上記センサ部の動作状態によって切り替え可能であることを特徴とするセンサ装置。 - さらに、上記センサ部の測定結果を送信するための無線通信機を有し、
上記複数の電力供給経路は、電源から上記無線通信機への電力供給をも行うものであって、かつ、上記複数の電力供給経路は上記無線通信機の動作状態によっても切り替え可能であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のセンサ装置。 - 上記電力供給経路は、消費電流が比較的大きくなる動作モード時にはDCコンバータを介して電力供給を行う経路とされ、消費電流が比較的小さくなる動作モード時には電源が負荷に直結されて電力供給を行う経路とされるような電力供給経路の切り替えが可能であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のセンサ装置。
- 上記電力供給経路は、上記センサ部のセンシング精度によって切り替えられるものであり、上記センサ部が高精度の測定を行う測定範囲では昇圧型DCコンバータを介して電力供給を行う経路とされ、それ以外の測定範囲では、降圧型DCコンバータを介して電力供給を行う経路とされることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のセンサ装置。
- 少なくとも第1および第2のセンサ部を有しており、
降圧型DCコンバータを介して電力供給を行う状態で上記第1のセンサ部での計測を行い、
上記第1のセンサ部での計測値が所定の範囲内にある場合に、昇圧型DCコンバータを介して電力供給を行う状態で上記第2のセンサ部での計測を行うことを特徴とする請求項4に記載のセンサ装置。 - 上記センサ部が測定を行う測定頻度が閾値以下の場合には電力供給経路の上記切り替えを行い、上記測定頻度が上記閾値を超える場合には電力供給経路の上記切り替えを行わないことを特徴とする請求項3に記載のセンサ装置。
- 上記無線通信機を介して他のセンサ装置から計測結果を受信し、
受信した上記計測値が、上記センサ部が高精度の測定を行う測定範囲にあるか否かで上記電力供給経路を切り替えることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のセンサ装置。 - 上記無線通信機により通信状態を監視し、
上記通信状態に応じて上記電力供給経路を切り替え、上記通信状態に対して最適な電力供給を行うことを特徴とする請求項2に記載のセンサ装置。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2012098809A (ja) | 2012-05-24 |
US9331479B2 (en) | 2016-05-03 |
EP2634540B1 (en) | 2017-11-08 |
CN103080702B (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
EP2634540A4 (en) | 2015-10-07 |
JP5353861B2 (ja) | 2013-11-27 |
US20130140910A1 (en) | 2013-06-06 |
CN103080702A (zh) | 2013-05-01 |
KR101423442B1 (ko) | 2014-08-13 |
KR20130038923A (ko) | 2013-04-18 |
EP2634540A1 (en) | 2013-09-04 |
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