WO2012043261A1 - 検体検査自動化システムおよびその制御方法 - Google Patents
検体検査自動化システムおよびその制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012043261A1 WO2012043261A1 PCT/JP2011/071129 JP2011071129W WO2012043261A1 WO 2012043261 A1 WO2012043261 A1 WO 2012043261A1 JP 2011071129 W JP2011071129 W JP 2011071129W WO 2012043261 A1 WO2012043261 A1 WO 2012043261A1
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- sample
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
- G01N35/04—Details of the conveyor system
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/00584—Control arrangements for automatic analysers
- G01N35/0092—Scheduling
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
- G01N35/026—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations having blocks or racks of reaction cells or cuvettes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/00584—Control arrangements for automatic analysers
- G01N35/0092—Scheduling
- G01N2035/0094—Scheduling optimisation; experiment design
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/11—Automated chemical analysis
- Y10T436/113332—Automated chemical analysis with conveyance of sample along a test line in a container or rack
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/25—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing including sample preparation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sample test automation system, and more particularly to a sample test automation system for processing clinical tests of a large number of patient samples.
- test tube containing body fluid such as blood collected from a patient on a sample rack and load it into the system.
- the input sample reads bar code information in the system to recognize the type of the sample.
- the pretreatment of the examination processing includes centrifugal treatment, opening treatment, dispensing treatment and the like, but the contents of the pretreatment differ depending on the target examination type, for example, the centrifugal treatment is unnecessary in the urine examination.
- the sample of the test object type that requires centrifugation is subjected to an opening process and a dispensing process.
- the dispensing process is a process for creating a child sample from a parent sample, and for example, the divided child samples can be simultaneously transported to a plurality of analyzers connected online to the system.
- the dispensing process also includes a function of carrying out to the sorting tray a child sample to which the same barcode as that of the parent sample is attached in order to conduct an inspection with an off-line analyzer not connected to the system. Samples for which all processing steps have been completed are stored in the storage unit.
- sample test automation systems are often introduced into relatively large-scale facilities, and it is a fact that hundreds to thousands of patient samples are processed in one day.
- multiple specimens are collected from one patient in order to carry out various tests such as biochemical tests, immunological tests, coagulation tests, and hematology tests. Therefore, the number of sample racks to be input to the sample test automation system needs to be prepared in a number corresponding to the above, and a space for installing and storing them is also required.
- sample rack loading unit of a conventional sample test automation system for example, as described in Patent Document 1, a method is known in which a large number of sample racks are set in advance in the apparatus in order to perform processing according to the sample type. It is done.
- Patent Document 2 in order to reduce the installation area of a large amount of sample racks, a certain number of sample racks are collected and installed in a tray, and the trays are arranged in multiple stages in both the sample rack supply unit and recovery unit. It is described that the sample rack is supplied and collected by an elevator mechanism which is vertically driven.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a method in which an apparatus is connected to an endless transfer line and a sample rack to be used is used.
- Patent Document 4 describes a method in which a plurality of transport lines are arranged in the vicinity of the feeding unit, the sample rack is stocked in the transport line, and the sample rack is used.
- Patent Document 3 a large number of sample racks are not required because the sample racks are reused while looping the transport line of the sample racks in the system.
- an empty sample rack and a sample rack on which the sample is mounted pass through the same transfer line, congestion occurs in the transfer line, making it difficult to construct a system with high processing speed.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and its object is to provide a high extensibility suitable for high-speed processing without increasing the size of the system and avoiding the reduction in processing speed and complication of transport control
- An object of the present invention is to provide a sample test automation system capable of easily constructing a system.
- a sample examination automation system in the present invention is provided with the following features.
- a control method of a sample inspection automation system including a sample transport line for transporting a sample rack holding a sample to a plurality of processing units, and an empty sample rack stocking unit for stocking a sample rack not holding a sample, Information is collected on whether or not a plurality of processing units require the supply of empty sample racks, and the empty sample racks are supplied from the empty rack stock unit to the processing units based on the information. It is a control method of a sample test automation system.
- empty racks can be continuously supplied and collected without decreasing the processing capacity without increasing the size and complexity of the apparatus, and the extensibility according to the scale of the facility is high. It becomes possible to provide a sample test automation system.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall configuration of a system including a transport line portion of a sample rack according to the present invention. It is information exchanged between the processing unit according to the present invention and the controller. It is a processing flow in which a controller according to the present invention determines an instruction to a processing unit. It is a processing flow which a processing unit concerning the present invention decides acquisition of an empty sample rack. It is an example of transition of the information exchanged between the processing unit according to the present invention and the controller. It is an example of a screen which notifies an operator of passage of the sample rack in which the sample concerning the present invention was installed. It is an example of a processing unit composition concerning the present invention.
- FIG. 1 A schematic view of the entire system configuration including the transport line portion of the sample rack according to the present invention is shown in FIG.
- the automated sample test system includes an automatic analyzer that performs analysis by measuring the physical properties of the sample to be measured (for example, a biological sample such as serum or urine, or a mixture of these and a reagent), or It is a system that automatically performs predetermined processing required before analysis in the device, and has a processing unit that executes various processes such as a container opening process, a dispensing process, a container closing process, a stirring process, and an analysis process.
- there are five processing units A111 to E115 there are five processing units A111 to E115, and three processing units A111, C113, and E115 require empty sample racks to process the loaded samples.
- the processing unit has a connection transport line 107 for loading an empty sample rack from the empty rack transport line 103. Although only five processing units A 111 to E 115 are shown in FIG. 1, more than ten units may be connected in a large scale facility.
- the empty rack transfer line 103 is disposed at the lower position with respect to the main transfer line 106, and the main transfer line 106 and the empty rack transfer line 103 are connected using the connection transfer line 107.
- the connection conveyance line 107 may be inclined, or an elevator mechanism driven vertically may be used.
- the processing unit When the processing unit needs an empty sample rack 104, it acquires an empty sample rack 104 from the empty rack conveyance line 103, and conveys the empty sample rack 104 to the main conveyance line 106 via the connection conveyance line 107. .
- the sample is placed on the empty sample rack 104 transported to the main transport line 106 by the sample chuck mechanism (not shown), and the processing unit processes the sample in the process of transporting the sample rack 104 on the main transport line 106 .
- the empty sample rack 104 is transported to the empty rack transport line 103 at the lower position via the connection transport line 107. Be done.
- the empty sample rack is held on the empty rack transport line 103 in this embodiment, any other structure may be used as long as the empty rack can be stocked.
- the empty sample racks may be arranged in a grid and housed, and the structure may be such that the processing units that require the empty racks are sequentially transported, and a disc capable of rotating the empty sample racks may be used.
- the structure may be arranged on the circumference of and the empty sample rack may be accommodated and transported while rotating.
- the empty sample rack 104 transported to the empty rack transport line 103 is stocked at a predetermined position on the empty rack transport line 103 by the sample rack stopper 105.
- the sample rack stopper 105 is a mechanism for clamping and holding an empty sample rack on the empty rack transport line, and can switch between the closed state and the open state according to a command from the controller 101.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration in which one sample rack stopper 105 is provided on the empty rack transport line 103, a configuration in which a plurality of sample rack stoppers 105 are provided or not may be considered.
- sample rack stopper when the sample rack stopper is not provided, empty sample racks are scattered on the empty sample transport line, but if the empty sample rack is transported according to the rack distribution rule of the present invention as needed, it is uneven No empty sample rack supply is possible. In this case, since the sample rack stopper is not provided, the apparatus cost can be reduced and the transport process of the empty sample rack can be simplified.
- the sample presence / absence detection sensor 108 that can be detected when the sample rack 104 with the sample mounted thereon is accidentally pulled into the empty rack transport line 103 due to a failure to remove the sample chuck mechanism or an artificial operation error. May be provided on the connection conveyance line 107.
- the connection conveyance line 107 is stopped to prevent the sample from being accommodated in the empty rack conveyance line 103.
- the operator may be notified to request removal of the sample. As a method of notifying the operator, it is conceivable to provide the controller 101 with a screen as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 Information exchanged between the processing unit and the controller according to the present invention is shown in FIG.
- the processing unit A 111 to the processing unit E 115 and the controller 101 are connected via the communication cable 102. It may be a communication means other than the communication cable and capable of wirelessly exchanging information, and the controller 101 always or periodically receives information as to whether or not each processing unit needs to supply an empty sample rack. As long as it is a means, it may be another means.
- the controller 101 receives the above information, and instructs the sample rack stopper to open and close the sample rack stopper 105 installed in the empty rack conveyance line 103, and the empty rack conveyance line operation instruction indicating whether to drive the empty rack conveyance line 103.
- the sample rack acquisition ratio representing the empty sample rack 104 for which each processing unit is permitted to acquire To direct.
- FIG. 1 A process flow in which the controller 101 according to the present invention determines an instruction given to each processing unit is shown in FIG.
- the controller 101 performs an empty rack supply determination process 301.
- the empty rack supply determination process 301 it is determined whether any one of the processing units connected to the empty rack conveyance line via the connection conveyance line needs the empty sample rack 104 or not. If there is a processing unit requiring an empty sample rack 104, the controller instructs all the processing units to drive the empty rack transport line 103 (empty rack transport line drive instruction process 302).
- sample rack acquisition ratio determination processing 303 For processing units requiring an empty sample rack 104, a ratio of empty racks that can be acquired by the processing unit among the arriving empty racks is instructed (sample rack acquisition ratio determination processing 303).
- sample rack stopper opening instruction processing 305 when the empty rack transport line is provided with the sample rack stopper 105 and the sample rack is stocked by the sample rack stopper 105, the processing unit is instructed to open the sample rack stopper 105 (sample rack stopper opening instruction processing 305).
- the empty rack transport line stop instruction processing 307 instructs each processing unit to stop driving the empty rack transport line 103.
- the empty rack transport line stop instruction processing 307 it is possible to prevent the empty rack transport line from being continuously driven when the delivery of the empty sample rack is not performed.
- the sample rack stopper closing instruction processing 309 instructs the processing unit to close the sample rack stopper 105. If the instruction to all the processing units has not been completed, the process returns to the empty rack transport line stop instruction process 307 from the instruction end determination process 310.
- FIG. 1 A processing flow in which the processing unit according to the present invention determines acquisition of an empty sample rack is shown in FIG.
- the sample rack stopper opening / closing process 401 opens or closes the sample rack stopper 105 corresponding to the sample rack stopper instruction from the controller 101.
- the empty rack conveyance line 103 is driven or stopped corresponding to the empty rack conveyance line drive instruction by the empty rack conveyance line drive processing 402.
- the processing unit requiring an empty sample rack waits for the empty sample rack 104 to arrive at the connection transport line for loading the empty sample rack 104 into the processing unit by the empty rack arrival waiting process 404, and the controller 101 Depending on the instructed sample rack acquisition rate, it is determined whether an empty sample rack 104 is to be acquired or to be passed through.
- the empty sample rack 104 is supplied from the sample rack stopper 105, all the processing units have already acquired the required number of sample racks, and the empty sample rack 104 not acquired by any of the processing units is the sample rack stopper. At 105, the empty rack transport line 103 is stocked again.
- FIG. 1 An example of transition of information exchanged between the processing unit according to the present invention and the controller using the system configuration of FIG. 1 is shown in FIG.
- the processing unit A 111 needs one empty sample rack 104
- the processing unit C 113 needs two empty sample racks 104
- the processing unit E 115 needs one empty sample rack 104 as an example. explain.
- the processing unit A 111, the processing unit C 113, and the processing unit E 115 each require supply of an empty sample rack. Since there are three processing units requiring supply of empty sample racks and the processing unit E 115 is installed at the position where the empty sample rack arrives earliest, the sample rack acquisition ratio of the processing unit E is 3: It is instructed as 1.
- the controller 101 instructs the processing unit C 113 to set the specimen acquisition ratio to 2: 1.
- the controller 101 instructs the processing unit A 111 to set the sample acquisition ratio to 1: 1.
- processing unit A 111, processing unit C 113, and processing unit E 115 report to controller 101 that an empty sample rack 104 is required.
- the controller 101 instructs the processing unit E 115 to open the sample rack stopper 105, instructs the processing unit A 111 to the processing unit E 115 to drive the empty rack transport line 103, and supplies the empty sample rack 104.
- the processing unit A 111, the processing unit C 113, and the processing unit E 115 are instructed to obtain the sample rack acquisition ratio.
- the processing unit E 115 acquires the empty sample rack 104 supplied from the sample rack stopper 105.
- processing unit E 115 does not require an empty sample rack 104, since one empty sample rack 104 has been transported to processing unit E 115 according to situation I 501. Therefore, the processing unit A 111 and the processing unit C 113 report to the controller 101 that an empty sample rack 104 is required. Therefore, the controller 101 instructs the processing unit A 111 and the processing unit C 113 to obtain a sample rack acquisition ratio of 1: 1 and 2: 1, respectively.
- the controller 101 instructs the processing unit E 115 to open the sample rack stopper 105, and instructs the processing unit A 111 to the processing unit E 115 to drive the empty rack transport line 103. As a result, the processing unit C 113 acquires one empty sample rack 104 supplied from the sample rack stopper 105.
- the processing unit C 113 is still empty in the situation III 503 because the processing unit C 113 requires two empty sample racks. is necessary. Further, the processing unit A 111 reports to the controller 101 that an empty sample rack 104 is required because an empty sample rack is not supplied yet. Therefore, the controller 101 instructs the processing unit A 111 and the processing unit C 113 to set the sample rack acquisition ratio to 1: 1 and 2: 1, respectively.
- the controller 101 instructs the processing unit E 115 to open the sample rack stopper 105, and instructs the processing unit A 111 to the processing unit E 115 to drive the empty rack transport line 103.
- the processing unit C 113 is instructed to be 2: 1, since one sample rack transported earlier is acquired, the sample supplied in the situation III You can not get a rack. Therefore, the processing unit A 111 acquires this sample rack.
- the sample rack 104 is transported to the processing unit A 111 in the situation III, and the processing unit A 111 does not require the empty sample rack 104. Reported to Therefore, the processing unit C 113 is instructed that the sample acquisition ratio is 1: 1.
- the controller 101 instructs the processing unit E 115 to open the sample rack stopper 105 and instructs the processing unit A 111 to the processing unit E 115 to drive the empty rack transport line 103. Thereby, the processing unit C 113 acquires the empty sample rack 104 supplied from the sample rack stopper 105.
- the processing unit A111 to the processing unit E115 report to the controller 101 that the empty sample rack 104 is unnecessary.
- the controller 101 instructs the processing unit E 115 to close the sample rack stopper 105, and instructs the processing unit A 111 to the processing unit E 115 to stop the empty rack transport line 103.
- the processing unit E 115 becomes the sample rack stopper 105. Is closed, and the empty rack transfer line 103 of the processing units A 111 to E 115 is stopped.
- the information supplied from each processing unit to the controller 101 is only "whether or not an empty sample rack is required", and the leveling of empty sample rack supply may be performed without complex information exchange. it can. By not exchanging complicated information, it is possible to flexibly cope with a change in a situation that occurs while the empty sample rack 104 supplied from the sample rack stopper 105 arrives at the processing unit.
- the processing unit C 113 removes a sample from the sample rack 104
- the empty sample rack 104 from which the sample is removed is transported from the main transport line 106 to the empty rack transport line 103 via the connection transport line 107.
- the processing unit A 111 can obtain an empty sample rack 104 from which the sample has been removed, and in this case, the sample rack stock due to the time difference.
- the empty sample rack 104 which has been supplied from the storage unit and becomes surplus is again stocked on the empty rack transport line 103 by the sample rack stopper 105 without being acquired by any processing unit.
- FIG. 1 An example of the structure which specified the function of the processing unit of this sample test automation system is shown in FIG.
- a plugging unit 701, a storage unit 702, a feeding unit 703, a centrifugal unit 704, an opening unit 705, a barcode sticking unit 706, a dispensing unit 707, and a transfer unit 708 are connected in series from the left. ing.
- the sample test automation system according to the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. It may be composed of units smaller than the configuration shown in FIG. 7, or may be connected to have branched branches. The functions of each processing unit are described below.
- the loading unit 703 installs the plurality of samples loaded in the loading tray by the operator from the loading tray to the sample rack by the sample chuck mechanism. In addition, the information of the sample is read, and linking is performed such as to which sample rack the sample is mounted.
- the centrifuge unit 704 centrifuges the sample.
- the opening unit 705 opens the stopper of a test tube which is a sample container.
- the barcode attaching unit 706 prepares a test tube for dispensing the sample, and applies a barcode label to the test tube.
- the dispensing unit 707 prepares a sample cup for dispensing the sample, and dispenses the sample into the sample cup. Alternatively, the sample is aliquoted into test tubes prepared by the barcode sticking unit 706.
- the transfer unit 708 classifies a child sample or parent sample that has been processed by the sample test automation system, and resets the sample to a sample rack suitable for an analyzer that analyzes the sample processed by the sample test automation system. .
- the samples are re-installed from the sample rack for 1 sample installation to the sample rack for 5 sample installation.
- the closing unit 701 closes the stopper of the test tube which is a sample container.
- the storage unit 702 installs the sample from the sample rack to the storage tray by the sample chuck mechanism.
- a main transport line 106 for transporting the sample loaded in the sample rack to each processing unit is disposed across the processing units. Further, an empty rack transport line 103 for transporting an empty sample rack is disposed below the processing unit.
- An empty rack transport line and a main transport line, or a connection transport line 710 for exchanging an empty sample rack between the empty rack transport line and the processing unit are provided.
- a sample rack stopper 105 is disposed on the empty rack transport line to hold an empty sample rack, and a plurality of sample racks blocked by the sample rack stand by.
- the operations of the processing units, the empty rack transfer line, the main transfer line, and the connection transfer line are controlled by a controller (not shown).
- a controller not shown.
- it is the feeding unit 703, the centrifugal unit 704, the barcode pasting unit 706, and the dispensing unit 707 that requires the supply of empty racks in the processing unit. While the loading unit 703 and the centrifugal unit 704 consume empty racks according to the number of parent samples loaded from the outside, the bar code pasting unit 706 and the dispensing unit 707 are the number of inspection items requested.
- Each processing unit consumes empty racks differently depending on its characteristics, such as consuming empty racks according to the number of small samples.
- multiple analysis items are requested for one parent sample, so the number of empty sample racks required by the barcode pasting unit and dispensing unit rather than the loading unit and centrifugal unit There are many. Therefore, in order to supply empty racks to such processing units efficiently, the connection conveyance line 710 for supplying empty racks from the empty rack conveyance line 103 to the main conveyance line 106 may be provided only in these units.
- units for removing the sample from the sample rack and generating an empty rack are a storage unit 702, a centrifugal unit 704, and a transfer unit 708.
- the connection conveyance line 709 for collecting empty racks from the main conveyance line 106 to the empty rack conveyance line 103 is a loading unit 703 and a centrifugal unit 704.
- Transfer unit 708 may be provided. This is a device that makes it unnecessary to provide a connection conveyance line (for empty rack recovery) 709 in each storage unit 702 when connecting a plurality of storage units 702, and it is possible to connect the adjacent feeding unit 703 instead of the storage unit 702.
- a connection transfer line (for empty rack recovery) may be provided.
- each processing unit consumes the empty sample rack 104
- Y in the sample rack acquisition ratio X: Y is fixed to 1, but each processing unit is fixed. It is possible to cause the processing unit with a large consumption amount to preferentially acquire the empty sample rack 104 by changing Y if the consumption amount in the case of is different.
Abstract
Description
血液、尿の検査項目の多くは、検査処理の前処理として遠心処理,開栓処理,分注処理等の前処理を必要とし、その作業が検査作業時間全体に占める割合は大きい。
本実施例では、5つの処理ユニットA111~処理ユニットE115があり、その内の3つの処理ユニットA111と、処理ユニットC113と、処理ユニットE115は搬入された検体を処理するにあたり空の検体ラックが必要となる処理ユニットであり、空ラック用搬送ライン103から空の検体ラックを搬入する接続搬送ライン107を備えている。なお、図1では5つの処理ユニットA111~処理ユニットE115のみを記載しているが、規模の大きな施設においては10ユニット以上接続することもある。
その結果、検体ラックストッパ105から供給された空の検体ラック104を処理ユニットE115が取得することとなる。
複雑な情報のやり取りをしていないことにより、検体ラックストッパ105から供給された空の検体ラック104が処理ユニットに到着する間に生じた状況の変化にも柔軟に対応できる。例えば、処理ユニットC113が検体ラック104から検体を抜き取る場合、検体を抜き取られた空の検体ラック104は、接続搬送ライン107を介して、主搬送ライン106から空ラック用搬送ライン103に搬送されるが、検体ラックストッパ105までの検体ラックストック部にストックされる前に、検体を抜き取られた空の検体ラック104を処理ユニットA111が取得することが可能であり、この際、時間差により検体ラックストック部から供給されて、余剰となった空の検体ラック104は、いずれの処理ユニットでも取得されずに検体ラックストッパ105により空ラック用搬送ライン103に再びストックされることになる。
図7には本検体検査自動化システムの処理ユニットの機能を特定した構成の一例を示す。本実施例では、左から閉栓ユニット701、収納ユニット702、投入ユニット703、遠心ユニット704、開栓ユニット705、バーコード貼り付けユニット706、分注ユニット707、移載ユニット708が直列的に接続されている。なお、本発明における検体検査自動化システムは図7の構成に限られない。図7にあげた構成よりも少ないユニットから構成されていてもよいし、枝分かれした分岐部を持つように接続されていても良い。
各処理ユニットの機能を以下に説明する。
投入ユニット703は、オペレータにより投入トレイに収納された状態で投入された複数の検体を、検体チャック機構により投入トレイから検体ラックへ検体の設置を行う。また、検体の情報を読み取り、当該検体をどの検体ラックに搭載したか、等の紐付けを行う。
遠心ユニット704は検体の遠心分離を行う。
開栓ユニット705は検体容器である試験管の栓を開ける。
バーコード貼り付けユニット706は検体を小分けするための試験管を準備し、その試験管にバーコードラベルを貼り付ける。
分注ユニット707は検体を小分けするためのサンプルカップを準備し、そのサンプルカップに検体を小分け分注する。または、バーコード貼り付けユニット706が準備した試験管に検体を小分け分注する。
移載ユニット708は当該検体検査自動化システムでの処理が終了した子検体もしくは親検体を分類し、検体検査自動化システムで処理された検体を分析する分析装置に適した検体ラックへ検体を設置し直す。なお、本実施例では、1検体架設用の検体ラックから5検体架設用の検体ラックへ検体を設置し直している。
閉栓ユニット701は検体容器である試験管の栓を閉める。
収納ユニット702は検体チャック機構により検体ラックから収納トレイへ検体の設置を行う。
各処理ユニットに検体ラックに搭載された検体を搬送する主搬送ライン106が、処理ユニット間にまたがって配置されている。また、処理ユニットの下部には空の検体ラックを搬送する空ラック用搬送ライン103が配置されている。空ラック用搬送ラインと主搬送ライン、または空ラック用搬送ラインと処理ユニット間で空の検体ラックをやり取りするための接続搬送ライン710が備わる。空ラック用搬送ラインには、空の検体ラックをせき止める検体ラックストッパ105が配置されており、これによってせき止められた複数の検体ラックが待機している。
各処理ユニットや空ラック用搬送ライン、主搬送ライン、接続搬送ラインの動作は図示しないコントローラによって制御されている。
図7に示した構成の一例において、処理ユニット内で空ラックの供給を必要とするのは、投入ユニット703、遠心ユニット704、バーコード貼り付けユニット706、および分注ユニット707である。
投入ユニット703、遠心ユニット704は外部から投入された親検体の数に応じて空ラックを消費するのに対して、バーコード貼り付けユニット706、分注ユニット707は依頼された検査項目の数(子検体の数)に応じて空ラックを消費する、といったように各処理ユニットはその特性により空ラックの消費量が異なる。一般的に、一本の親検体に対して複数の分析項目が依頼されるため、投入ユニットや遠心ユニットよりも、バーコード貼り付けユニットや分注ユニットの方が必要とする空検体ラックの数は多い。従い、このような処理ユニットに効率的に空ラックを供給するため、空ラック用搬送ライン103から主搬送ライン106に空ラックを供給する接続搬送ライン710はこれらのユニットのみに備わっていても良い。
一方、検体ラックから検体を抜き取り、空ラックを発生させるユニットは、収納ユニット702、遠心ユニット704、移載ユニット708である。従い、主搬送ライン上に空の検体ラックが多数渋滞する状態を回避するため、主搬送ライン106から空ラック用搬送ライン103に空ラックを回収する接続搬送ライン709は投入ユニット703、遠心ユニット704、移載ユニット708のみに備わっていても良い。これは収納ユニット702を複数台接続する場合、夫々の収納ユニット702に接続搬送ライン(空ラック回収用)709を備えることを不要にする工夫であり、収納ユニット702ではなく隣接の投入ユニット703に接続搬送ライン(空ラック回収用)を備えていても良い。
102 通信ケーブル
103 空ラック用搬送ライン
104 検体ラック
105 検体ラックストッパ
106 主搬送ライン
107 接続搬送ライン
108 検体有無検知センサ
111 処理ユニットA
112 処理ユニットB
113 処理ユニットC
114 処理ユニットD
115 処理ユニットE
201 処理ユニットからコントローラへの報告
202 コントローラから処理ユニットへの指示
301 空ラック供給判定処理
302 空ラック用搬送ライン駆動指示処理
303 検体ラック取得割合決定処理
304 検体ラックストッパ有無判定処理
305 検体ラックストッパ開放指示処理
306、310 指示終了判定処理
307 空ラック用搬送ライン停止指示処理
308 検体ラックストッパ有無判定処理
309 検体ラックストッパ閉鎖指示処理
401 検体ラックストッパ開閉処理
402 空ラック用搬送ライン駆動処理
403 空ラック要否判定処理
404 空ラック到着待ち処理
405 検体ラック取得判定処理
406 空ラック取得処理
407 空ラック通過処理
501 状況I
502 状況II
503 状況III
504 状況IV
505 状況V
601 エラー発生場所マーカ
602 稼動状況表示エリア
603 エラーメッセージ表示エリア
701 閉栓ユニット
702 収納ユニット
703 投入ユニット
704 遠心ユニット
705 開栓ユニット
706 バーコード貼り付けユニット
707 分注ユニット
708 移載ユニット
709 接続搬送ライン(空ラック回収用)
710 接続搬送ライン(空ラック供給用)
Claims (17)
- 検体を保持する検体ラックを処理ユニットへ搬送する検体搬送ラインと、検体を保持しない検体ラックをストックする空検体ラックストック部と、を有する検体検査自動化システムの制御方法であって、
空の検体ラックを前記空検体ラックストック部から前記検体搬送ラインまたは前記処理ユニットへ搬出するよう制御する検体検査自動化システムの制御方法。 - 請求項1記載の検体検査自動化システムの制御方法であって、
前記処理ユニットが空の検体ラックの供給を必要としているか否かに関するに基づいて、前記空ラックストック部から前記処理ユニットへ空の検体ラックを搬出する検体検査自動化システムの制御方法。 - 請求項1または2記載の検体検査自動化システムの制御方法であって、
いずれかの処理ユニットが空の検体ラックの供給を必要とする場合、
前記空検体ラックストック部から空の検体ラックを搬出し、空の検体ラックの供給を必要とする処理ユニットに対して、搬送される空の検体ラックのうち取得して良い検体ラックの割合を検体ラック取得割合として指示する検体検査自動化システムの制御方法。 - 請求項3記載の検体検査自動化システムの制御方法であって、
前記検体ラック取得割合は、空の検体ラックの供給を必要としている処理ユニットの個数、及び、前記検体ラックストック部から空の検体ラックが到着する順番に基づいて指示されることを特徴とする検体検査自動化システムの制御方法。 - 請求項4記載の検体検査自動化システムの制御方法であって、
前記検体ラック取得割合は、空の検体ラックの供給を必要としているN個の処理ユニットがあり、前記空検体ラックストック部からn(≦N)番目に空の検体ラックが搬送される処理ユニットに対しては、
空の検体ラックN-n+1個につき所定数の検体ラックを取得するよう指示することを特徴とする検体検査自動化システムの制御方法。 - 請求項3記載の検体検査自動化システムの制御方法であって、
いずれかの処理ユニットに空の検体ラックが到着した際に、当該処理ユニットにこれまでに到着した空の検体ラック数及び取得した空の検体ラック数を、前記検体ラック取得割合と比較し、
検体ラック取得割合に合致した場合には、到着した空の検体ラックを取得し、
検体ラック取得割合に合致しない場合には、到着した空の検体ラックを当該処理ユニットよりも後に空の検体ラックが搬送される他の処理ユニットへ搬送することを特徴とする検体検査自動化システムの制御方法。 - 請求項6記載の検体検査自動化システムの制御方法であって、
搬送された空の検体ラックをいずれの処理ユニットも取得しない場合、当該空の検体ラックは空検体ラックストック部に収納されることを特徴とする検体検査自動化システムの制御方法。 - 検体を保持する検体ラックを処理ユニットへ搬送する検体搬送ラインと、検体を保持しない検体ラックをストックする空検体ラックストック部と、を有する検体検査自動化システムであって、
空の検体ラックを前記空検体ラックストック部から前記検体搬送ラインまたは前記処理ユニットへ搬出するよう制御する制御手段を備えた検体検査自動化システム。 - 検体ラックに設置されて搬送された検体を処理する処理ユニットと、
検体を保持していない前記検体ラックをストックする空検体ラックストック部と、
前記処理ユニットから空の検体ラックを必要とするか否かについての情報を収集する通信手段と、
前記通信手段を介して得られた情報に基づいて、前記空検体ラックストック部から前記処理ユニットへ空の検体ラックを供給するよう制御する制御部と、を備えたことを特徴とする検体検査自動化システム。 - 請求項8または9記載の検体検査自動化システムにおいて、
前記空検体ラックストック部と前記処理ユニットの間で空の検体ラックを搬送する接続搬送ラインと、を備えたことを特徴とする検体検査自動化システム。 - 請求項8~10のいずれか記載の検体検査自動化システムにおいて、
前記空検体ラックストック部は、空検体ラックを搬送する空検体ラック搬送ライン、および当該空検体ラック搬送ライン上の所定の位置に空の検体ラックを保持する少なくとも一つのラックストッパを有し、
前記制御部は前記情報に基づいて当該ラックストッパを開放または閉鎖するよう制御することを特徴とする検体検査自動化システム。 - 請求項8~11のいずれか記載の検体検査自動化システムにおいて、
検体ラック上に検体が設置されているか否かを検出する検体有無センサと、
前記検体有無センサが、前記空ラックストック部または前記空ラック搬送ライン上の検体ラックに検体を設置した検体ラックが搬送されることを検知した場合に、オペレータに通知する通知手段と、を備えたことを特徴とする検体検査自動化システム。 - 請求項3記載の検体検査自動化システムの制御方法であって、
いずれの処理ユニットも空の検体ラックの供給を必要としない場合、
前記空ラック用搬送ラインの駆動を停止させることを特徴とする検体検査自動化システムの制御方法。 - 請求項10記載の検体検査自動化システムであって、
前記接続搬送ラインは、
空検体ラック搬送ラインから検体搬送ラインまたは処理ユニットに空の検体ラックを供給する供給ラインと、検体搬送ラインまたは処理ユニットから前記空検体ラック搬送ラインに空の検体ラックを回収する回収ラインを備えた検体検査自動化システム - 請求項14記載の検体検査自動化システムであって、
前記処理ユニットとして、バーコード貼り付けユニット、分注ユニットの少なくともいずれかを含み、
前記供給ラインは、バーコード貼り付けユニットまたは分注ユニットに空の検体ラックを供給する検体検査自動化システム。 - 請求項14記載の検体検査自動化システムであって、
前記処理ユニットとして、収納ユニット、遠心ユニット、移載ユニットの少なくともいずれかを含み、
前記回収ラインは、前記収納ユニット、前記遠心分離ユニット、または前記移載ユニットから空の検体ラックを回収する検体検査自動化システム。 - 請求項8~16のいずれかに記載の検体検査自動化システムであって、
前記空検体ラックストック部を検体搬送ラインよりも下方位置に備えた検体検査自動化システム。
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EP2623990A1 (en) | 2013-08-07 |
EP2623990B1 (en) | 2019-03-27 |
US20130197690A1 (en) | 2013-08-01 |
CN103052885B (zh) | 2015-07-08 |
JP5520385B2 (ja) | 2014-06-11 |
JPWO2012043261A1 (ja) | 2014-02-06 |
EP2623990A4 (en) | 2017-10-18 |
US8972044B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 |
CN103052885A (zh) | 2013-04-17 |
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