WO2012029170A1 - 電動車両およびその制御方法 - Google Patents
電動車両およびその制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012029170A1 WO2012029170A1 PCT/JP2010/065133 JP2010065133W WO2012029170A1 WO 2012029170 A1 WO2012029170 A1 WO 2012029170A1 JP 2010065133 W JP2010065133 W JP 2010065133W WO 2012029170 A1 WO2012029170 A1 WO 2012029170A1
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- control
- electric motor
- motor
- electric
- vibration suppression
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
- B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units, or advanced driver assistance systems for ensuring comfort, stability and safety or drive control systems for propelling or retarding the vehicle
- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/20—Reducing vibrations in the driveline
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/05—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation specially adapted for damping motor oscillations, e.g. for reducing hunting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P23/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
- H02P23/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control specially adapted for damping motor oscillations, e.g. for reducing hunting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units, or advanced driver assistance systems for ensuring comfort, stability and safety or drive control systems for propelling or retarding the vehicle
- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/20—Reducing vibrations in the driveline
- B60W2030/206—Reducing vibrations in the driveline related or induced by the engine
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2510/08—Electric propulsion units
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2710/08—Electric propulsion units
- B60W2710/083—Torque
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
- Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
- Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electric vehicle and a control method therefor, and more particularly, to electric motor control for suppressing vehicle vibration.
- electric vehicles such as hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, and fuel cell vehicles equipped with electric motors for driving vehicles have been attracting attention as environmentally friendly vehicles.
- vehicle vibration may occur due to periodic fluctuation components in the rotational speed of the electric motor. For example, such a phenomenon may occur during acceleration / deceleration.
- Patent Document 1 describes motor control for suppressing such vehicle vibration. Specifically, the vibration control is performed by extracting a periodic fluctuation component of the rotational speed of the vehicle drive motor and adding a vibration damping torque having an opposite phase to the extracted fluctuation component to the torque command value. Is realized.
- vibration suppression control is executed only when pulse width modulation (PWM) control (particularly, sine wave PWM control) with high control response is applied.
- PWM pulse width modulation
- Patent Document 2 describes that in a hybrid vehicle, vibration suppression control is executed when the engine is started and stopped.
- vibration suppression control for mitigating mechanical vibrations of the engine is realized by changing the magnitude of the torque of the electric motor in accordance with a cycle such as an expansion stroke and a contraction stroke of the engine.
- Patent Document 2 also describes that vibration suppression control is executed only when PWM control (sine wave PWM control) is applied.
- the present invention has been made to solve such problems, and an object of the present invention is to control vehicle vibrations by controlling the motor torque in an electric vehicle equipped with a plurality of vehicle drive motors.
- the vibration control is performed appropriately and smoothly to improve driving comfort.
- an electric vehicle in one aspect of the present invention, includes a plurality of electric motors for generating vehicle driving force and a control device for controlling the plurality of electric motors.
- the control device selects an electric motor for executing the vibration damping control from the plurality of electric motors according to the respective operation states of the electric motors when executing the vibration damping control, and adds the cycle of the vehicle to the output torque of the selected electric motors.
- a periodic compensation torque for canceling a typical speed fluctuation component is added.
- the operation state includes a control mode of each electric motor, and the control mode includes a first control mode to which pulse width modulation control is applied and a second control mode to which rectangular wave voltage control is applied.
- a control apparatus selects the electric motor to which the 1st control mode is applied among several electric motors, and performs damping control.
- the operating state includes at least one of temperature, rotational speed, torque and output of each electric motor.
- the control device prohibits vibration suppression control by a motor in which at least one of temperature, rotational speed, torque, and output is higher than a predetermined value among a plurality of motors.
- the electric vehicle further includes an internal combustion engine.
- the plurality of electric motors includes a first electric motor disposed in a power transmission path from the internal combustion engine to the driving wheels via the driving shaft, and a second electric motor mechanically coupled to the driving shaft.
- the control device executes the vibration suppression control by the second motor, while the operation state of the second motor is the vibration suppression control. If it is not in a state that can be executed, vibration suppression control is executed by the first electric motor.
- the operating state includes a control mode of each electric motor, and the control mode includes a first control mode to which pulse width modulation control is applied and a second control mode to which rectangular wave voltage control is applied.
- the control device executes vibration suppression control by the second motor, while the first and second motors both have the first control mode.
- the control mode is not applied, the output of the second electric motor is decreased, and the output of at least one of the internal combustion engine and the first electric motor is increased in accordance with the decrease amount.
- the electric vehicle further includes a differential device including first to third rotating elements capable of relative rotation.
- the first rotating element is mechanically connected to the output shaft of the internal combustion engine
- the second rotating element is mechanically connected to the output shaft of the first electric motor
- the third rotating element is driven.
- the shaft and the output shaft of the second electric motor are mechanically connected.
- the plurality of electric motors includes a first electric motor for generating the driving force of the auxiliary driving wheel and a second electric motor for generating the driving force of the main driving wheel.
- the control device executes the vibration suppression control by the second motor, while the operation state of the second motor is the vibration suppression control. If it is not in a state that can be executed, vibration suppression control is executed by the first electric motor.
- the control device when executing the damping control, calculates a damping torque component having a phase opposite to that of the periodic speed fluctuation component, and executes the damping control with a compensation torque corresponding to the damping torque component. Add to the output torque of the motor. Then, the compensation torque when the damping control is executed by the first motor and the compensation torque when the damping control is executed by the second motor have different phases with respect to the damping torque component.
- a method for controlling an electric vehicle wherein the electric vehicle includes a plurality of electric motors for generating vehicle driving force.
- the control method includes a step of calculating a periodic damping torque component for canceling a periodic fluctuation component of the vehicle speed, and executing damping control from the plurality of electric motors in accordance with respective operating states of the plurality of electric motors.
- the operation state includes a control mode of each electric motor, and the control mode includes a first control mode to which pulse width modulation control is applied and a second control mode to which rectangular wave voltage control is applied.
- the step to select performs damping control by the electric motor to which the 1st control mode is applied among a plurality of electric motors.
- the operating state includes at least one of temperature, rotational speed, torque and output of each electric motor.
- the step of selecting prohibits vibration suppression control by an electric motor in which at least one of temperature, rotational speed, torque, and output is higher than a predetermined value among a plurality of electric motors.
- the electric vehicle further includes an internal combustion engine.
- the plurality of electric motors includes a first electric motor disposed in a power transmission path from the internal combustion engine to the driving wheels via the driving shaft, and a second electric motor mechanically coupled to the driving shaft.
- the vibration suppression control is executed by the second motor, while the operation state of the second motor is If it is not in a state where control can be executed, vibration suppression control is executed by the first electric motor.
- the operating state includes a control mode of each electric motor, and the control mode includes a first control mode to which pulse width modulation control is applied and a second control mode to which rectangular wave voltage control is applied.
- the selecting step includes a step of executing vibration suppression control by the second motor when the first control mode is applied to the second motor, and a step of applying the first control mode to the second motor. And when the first control mode is applied to the first electric motor, the step of executing vibration suppression control by the first electric motor is included.
- the control method when the first control mode is not applied to both the first and second motors, the output of the second motor is reduced, and the internal combustion engine and The method further includes increasing the output of at least one of the first electric motors.
- the plurality of electric motors includes a first electric motor for generating the driving force of the auxiliary driving wheel and a second electric motor for generating the driving force of the main driving wheel.
- the vibration suppression control is executed by the second motor, while the operation state of the second motor is If it is not in a state where control can be executed, vibration suppression control is executed by the first electric motor.
- the compensation torque when the damping control is executed by the first motor and the compensation torque when the damping control is executed by the second motor have different phases with respect to the damping torque component.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a schematic configuration of a hybrid vehicle shown as a representative example of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an electric system for driving and controlling the motor generator shown in FIG. 1. It is a conceptual diagram explaining selection of the control mode of the motor generator shown in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram which shows roughly the relationship between the operation area
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a schematic configuration of a hybrid vehicle shown as a representative example of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- hybrid vehicle 20 includes an engine 22, a crankshaft 26 as an output shaft of engine 22, a torsional damper 28, and a three-shaft power split mechanism 30. .
- the crankshaft 26 is connected to the power split mechanism 30 via a torsional damper 28.
- Hybrid vehicle 20 further includes motor generators MG 1 and MG 2 that are electric motors for driving the vehicle, transmission 60, and an electronic control unit for hybrid (hereinafter also referred to as “HVECU”) 70 that controls the entire drive system of hybrid vehicle 20.
- Motor generator MG ⁇ b> 2 is connected to power split mechanism 30 via transmission 60.
- Motor generators MG1 and MG2 correspond to “first electric motor” and “second electric motor”, respectively.
- Each of motor generators MG1 and MG2 can output both a positive torque and a negative torque, and can be driven as an electric motor as well as a generator.
- Engine 22 is an “internal combustion engine” that outputs power using hydrocarbon fuel such as gasoline or light oil.
- the engine electronic control unit (hereinafter also referred to as “engine ECU”) 24 receives signals from various sensors that detect the operating state of the engine 22 such as the crank angle of the crankshaft 26 from the crank angle sensor 23.
- the engine ECU 24 communicates with the HVECU 70 and receives a control command for the engine 22 from the HVECU 70.
- the engine ECU 24 performs fuel injection control, ignition control, intake air amount control, etc. of the engine 22 so that the engine 22 operates in accordance with a control command from the HVECU 70 based on the operation state of the engine 22 based on signals from various sensors. Execute engine control.
- the engine ECU 24 outputs data relating to the operating state of the engine 22 to the HVECU 70 as necessary.
- the power split mechanism 30 includes an external gear sun gear 31, an internal gear ring gear 32 disposed concentrically with the sun gear 31, a plurality of pinion gears 33 that mesh with the sun gear 31 and mesh with the ring gear 32, and a carrier 34.
- the carrier 34 is configured to hold the plurality of pinion gears 33 so as to rotate and revolve freely.
- the power split mechanism 30 is configured as a planetary gear mechanism that performs a differential action with the sun gear 31, the ring gear 32, and the carrier 34 as rotational elements.
- the crankshaft 26 of the engine 22 is connected to the carrier 34, and the output shaft of the motor generator MG1 is connected to the sun gear 31 via the sun gear shaft 31a.
- the ring gear shaft 32 a as a “drive shaft” rotates as the ring gear 32 rotates.
- the output shaft of motor generator MG2 is connected to ring gear shaft 32a via transmission 60.
- the ring gear shaft 32a is also referred to as a drive shaft 32a.
- the drive shaft 32a is mechanically connected to the drive wheels 39a and 39b via a gear mechanism 37 and a differential gear 38. Therefore, the power output to the ring gear 32, that is, the drive shaft 32 a by the power split mechanism 30 is output to the drive wheels 39 a and 39 b via the gear mechanism 37 and the differential gear 38.
- the power split mechanism 30 corresponds to a “differential device”.
- the carrier 34 corresponds to a “first rotating element”
- the sun gear 31 corresponds to a “second rotating element”
- the ring gear 32 corresponds to a “third rotating element”.
- the transmission 60 is configured to give a predetermined reduction ratio between the output shaft 48 of the motor generator MG2 and the drive shaft 32a.
- the transmission 60 is typically constituted by a planetary gear mechanism.
- the transmission 60 includes an external gear sun gear 65, an internal gear ring gear 66 arranged concentrically with the sun gear 65, and a plurality of pinion gears 67 that mesh with the sun gear 65 and mesh with the ring gear 66. Since the planetary carrier is fixed to the case 61, the plurality of pinion gears 67 only rotate without revolving. That is, the ratio (reduction ratio) of the rotational speeds of the sun gear 65 and the ring gear 66 is fixed.
- the configuration of the transmission 60 is not limited to the example of FIG.
- the output shaft of motor generator MG2 and ring gear shaft (drive shaft) 32a may be connected without using transmission 60.
- the motor generator MG1 When the motor generator MG1 functions as a generator, the power from the engine 22 input from the carrier 34 is distributed to the sun gear 31 side and the ring gear 32 side according to the gear ratio. On the other hand, when motor generator MG1 functions as an electric motor, the power from engine 22 input from carrier 34 and the power from motor generator MG1 input from sun gear 31 are integrated and output to ring gear 32.
- Motor generators MG1 and MG2 are typically constituted by three-phase permanent magnet type synchronous motors. Motor generators MG1 and MG2 exchange power with battery 50 through converter 40 and inverters 41 and 42. Each of inverters 41 and 42 is configured by a general three-phase inverter having a plurality of switching elements.
- the converter 40 performs bidirectional DC voltage conversion between the voltage VH of the power line 54 and the voltage Vb of the battery 50.
- the converter 40 is configured by, for example, a current bidirectional type step-up chopper circuit.
- the duty of the switching element (not shown) of the boost chopper circuit is controlled so that the voltage VH of the power line 54 matches the voltage command value VHr.
- Inverters 41 and 42 apply, to motor generators MG1 and MG2, a pseudo AC voltage composed of a set of pulsed voltages obtained by switching DC voltage VH by turning on and off switching elements.
- the power line 54 that electrically connects the converter 40 and the inverters 41 and 42 is configured as a positive electrode bus and a negative electrode bus shared by the inverters 41 and 42. For this reason, the electric power generated by either motor generator MG1 or MG2 can be consumed by another motor. Therefore, battery 50 is charged / discharged by electric power generated from one of motor generators MG1 and MG2 or insufficient electric power. Note that the battery 50 is not charged / discharged if the power balance is balanced by the motor generators MG1, MG2.
- Motor generators MG1, MG2 are both driven and controlled by a motor electronic control unit (hereinafter also referred to as “motor ECU”) 45.
- the motor ECU 45 receives signals necessary for driving and controlling the motor generators MG1 and MG2. For example, signals from rotational position detection sensors 43 and 44 that detect the rotational positions of the rotors of the motor generators MG1 and MG2, phase currents applied to the motor generators MG1 and MG2 detected by a current sensor (not shown), Input to the motor ECU 45. Based on the signals from the rotational position detection sensors 43 and 44, the rotational speeds of the motor generators MG1 and MG2 can be detected.
- the motor ECU 45 is in communication with the HVECU 70 and controls the motor generators MG1 and MG2 in accordance with an operation command from the HVECU 70. Specifically, motor ECU 45 outputs a switching control signal to inverters 41 and 42 so that output torques of motor generators MG1 and MG2 match torque command values Trqcom (1) and Trqcom (2). For example, motor ECU 45 outputs output voltages of inverters 41 and 42 based on a deviation between a current command value set according to torque command values Trqcom (1) and Trqcom (2) and a current detection value of motor generators MG1 and MG2. Command (AC voltage) is calculated.
- motor ECU 45 outputs data relating to the operating state of motor generators MG1, MG2 to HVECU 70 as necessary. The driving of motor generators MG1 and MG2 by motor ECU 45 will be described in more detail later.
- the battery 50 is managed by a battery electronic control unit (hereinafter also referred to as “battery ECU”) 52.
- a signal necessary for managing the battery 50 is input to the battery ECU 52.
- a voltage between terminals from a voltage sensor (not shown) installed between terminals of the battery 50 a charge / discharge current of the battery 50 from a current sensor (not shown), a battery temperature from a temperature sensor (not shown) attached to the battery 50, and the like.
- the battery ECU 52 outputs data related to the state of the battery 50 to the HVECU 70 by communication as necessary.
- the battery ECU 52 also calculates a remaining capacity (SOC: State of Charge) based on the integrated value of the charge / discharge current detected by the current sensor.
- SOC State of Charge
- the HVECU 70 is configured as a microprocessor centered on a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 72.
- the HVECU 70 includes a CPU 72, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 74 that stores processing programs, maps, and the like, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 76 that temporarily stores data, and an input / output port and a communication port (not shown).
- the HVECU 70 includes an ignition signal from the ignition switch 80, a shift position SP from the shift position sensor 82 that detects the operation position of the shift lever 81, and an accelerator opening from the accelerator pedal position sensor 84 that detects the depression amount of the accelerator pedal 83.
- the brake pedal position BP from the brake pedal position sensor 86 that detects the depression amount of the brake pedal 85, the vehicle speed V from the vehicle speed sensor 88, and the like are input via the input port.
- the HVECU 70 is connected to the engine ECU 24, the motor ECU 45, and the battery ECU 52 via the communication port. Accordingly, the HVECU 70 exchanges various control signals and data with other ECUs.
- the engine ECU 24, the motor ECU 45, and the battery ECU 52 can also be configured by a microprocessor, similar to the HVECU 70.
- the HVECU 70, the engine ECU 24, the motor ECU 45, and the battery ECU 52 are described as separate ECUs, but an ECU in which some or all of these functions are integrated may be arranged. Or you may arrange
- the HVECU 70 calculates the required torque to be output to the drive shaft 32a based on the accelerator opening Acc and the vehicle speed V corresponding to the depression amount of the accelerator pedal 83 by the driver. .
- the engine 22 and the motor generators MG1, MG2 are controlled according to one of the following operation modes so that the required power corresponding to the required torque is output to the drive shaft 32a. That is, motor generators MG1 and MG2 are configured to generate vehicle driving force.
- the motor generators MG1 and MG2 are controlled so that the operation of the engine 22 is stopped and the power corresponding to the required power from the motor generator MG2 is output to the drive shaft 32a.
- the engine 22 In the HV (Hybrid Vehicle) operation mode, the engine 22 is operated, and the hybrid vehicle 20 travels using the power from the engine 22 and the power from the motor generators MG1 and MG2. For example, the operation of the engine 22 is controlled so that power that matches the sum of the required power and the power required for charging and discharging the battery 50 is output from the engine 22. Further, the output torque of motor generators MG1 and MG2 is converted into a torque by power split mechanism 30 and motor generators MG1 and MG2 for all or part of the power output from engine 22 with charging / discharging of battery 50. Thus, the required power is controlled to be output to the drive shaft 32a.
- the required power is controlled to be output to the drive shaft 32a.
- operation of engine 22 is controlled so that power corresponding to the required power is output from engine 22, and all of the power output from engine 22 is torque-converted by power split mechanism 30 and motor generators MG1, MG2.
- Motor generators MG1 and MG2 are controlled so as to be output to drive shaft 32a.
- the torque to be output by motor generators MG1 and MG2 to generate the necessary vehicle driving force is sequentially calculated based on the vehicle state, the driver's operation, and the like. Then, the output torque of motor generators MG1 and MG2 is controlled in accordance with a torque command value set based on the calculated torque.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an electric system for driving and controlling motor generators MG1 and MG2 shown in FIG.
- the electric system of hybrid vehicle 20 includes a battery 50, an SMR (System Main Relay) 55, a converter 40, and inverters 41 and 42.
- SMR System Main Relay
- the SMR 55 is provided between the battery 50 and the converter 40.
- SMR 55 When SMR 55 is off, battery 50 is disconnected from the electrical system.
- SMR 55 When SMR 55 is on, battery 50 is connected to the electrical system.
- the SMR 55 is turned on / off in response to a control signal from the HVECU 70. For example, in a state where the ignition switch 80 is turned on, the user performs an operation for starting operation, thereby instructing activation of the electric system. When the activation of the electric system is instructed, the HVECU 70 turns on the SMR 55.
- Converter 40 has a general boost chopper circuit configuration including a reactor and two power semiconductor switching elements (hereinafter also simply referred to as switching elements).
- switching elements As the power semiconductor switching element, a bipolar transistor, a power MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), or an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) can be used. An antiparallel diode is connected to each switching element.
- Inverter 41 connected to motor generator MG1 includes a U-phase arm, a V-phase arm, and a W-phase arm.
- the U-phase arm, V-phase arm and W-phase arm are connected in parallel.
- Each of the U-phase arm, the V-phase arm, and the W-phase arm has two switching elements connected in series. Each switching element is provided with an antiparallel diode.
- Each phase coil (U, V, W) wound around a stator (not shown) of motor generator MG1 is alternately connected at neutral point 112.
- the connection point of the switching element in each phase arm of inverter 41 is connected to the end of each phase coil of motor generator MG1.
- the inverter 42 has a general three-phase inverter configuration like the inverter 41. Each phase coil (U, V, W) wound around a stator (not shown) of motor generator MG 2 is connected alternately at neutral point 122. The connection point of the switching element in each phase arm of inverter 42 is connected to the end of each phase coil of motor generator MG2.
- the voltage is boosted by the converter 40.
- the voltage is stepped down by the converter 40.
- System voltage VH which is a DC voltage on power line 54 between converter 40 and inverters 41 and 42, is detected by voltage sensor 180.
- the detection result of voltage sensor 180 is transmitted to motor ECU 45.
- the inverter 41 converts the DC voltage on the power line 54 into AC power and supplies it to the motor generator MG1. Inverter 41 converts AC power generated by regenerative power generation by motor generator MG1 into DC power. Similarly, inverter 42 converts the DC voltage on power line 54 into AC power and supplies it to motor generator MG2. Inverter 42 converts AC power generated by regenerative power generation by motor generator MG2 into DC power.
- either PWM control or rectangular wave voltage control is selected as the control mode.
- Either PWM control or rectangular wave voltage control is selectively applied according to the respective operation states of motor generators MG1 and MG2.
- the sine wave PWM control is used as a general PWM control.
- the on / off state of the switching element in each phase arm of an inverter (not shown) is determined by the voltage between a sine wave voltage command value and a carrier wave (typically a triangular wave). Control according to the comparison.
- the duty is set so that the fundamental wave component becomes a sine wave within a certain period. The ratio is controlled.
- this fundamental wave component (effective value) can only be increased to about 0.61 times the inverter input voltage.
- the ratio of the fundamental wave component (effective value) of the voltage (line voltage) applied to motor generators MG1 and MG2 to the DC link voltage (DC voltage VH) of inverters 41 and 42 is referred to as “modulation rate”. Called.
- the control mode is selected according to the modulation rate.
- the modulation factor corresponding to the voltage command (sine wave voltage) calculated by the feedback control according to the torque command value is lower than 0.61
- the sine wave PWM control is selected.
- sine wave PWM control cannot be applied.
- the rectangular wave voltage control one pulse of a rectangular wave with a ratio of 1: 1 between the high level period and the low level period is applied to the motor generators MG1 and MG2 within the predetermined period. As a result, the modulation rate is increased to 0.78.
- the torque control is executed by the phase control of the rectangular wave voltage pulse based on the deviation between the actual torque value and the torque command value.
- sine wave PWM control In a region where sine wave PWM control is not applicable, rectangular wave voltage control is selected. Further, when the modulation factor is between 0.61 and 0.78, overmodulation PWM control can be applied.
- the overmodulation PWM control performs PWM control similar to the sine wave PWM control in a range where the amplitude of the voltage command is larger than the carrier wave amplitude.
- the fundamental wave component can be increased by distorting the voltage command from the original sine wave waveform, and the modulation rate can be increased from the maximum modulation rate in the sine wave PWM control to a range of 0.78.
- a high frequency component is easily generated in the current component by distorting the voltage command. For this reason, in order to ensure control stability, it is difficult to improve control responsiveness to a level equivalent to sine wave PWM control. For example, it is necessary to add a low-pass filter, expand the time constant, or the like.
- the induced voltage increases as the rotational speed and output torque increase, so that the required drive voltage (motor required voltage) increases.
- the DC voltage VH controlled by the converter 40 needs to be set higher than this motor required voltage.
- there is a limit value for the boosted voltage by the converter 40 that is, the DC voltage VH. For this reason, when the modulation factor exceeds 0.61 in the high output region, the sine wave PWM control cannot be selected.
- the modulation rate corresponding to the same voltage command is decreased by increasing the system voltage VH, so that PWM control can be applied.
- the range can be expanded.
- the system voltage VH is increased, the step-up ratio in the converter 40 is increased, and the loss in the switching element is increased, so that the efficiency tends to decrease.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic correspondence between the operation areas of motor generators MG1 and MG2 and control mode selection.
- the modulation rate does not increase so much, so sine wave PWM control is used to reduce torque fluctuation.
- overmodulation PWM control is generally applied in the middle speed region A2, and rectangular wave voltage control is applied in the high speed region A3.
- FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram showing an example of vibration suppression control.
- the vibration suppression control shown in FIG. 5 the rotational speed fluctuation of the motor generator MG2 mechanically coupled to the drive shaft 32a in order to suppress the speed fluctuation of the vehicle causing the vehicle longitudinal acceleration fluctuation that causes the vehicle vibration. Suppress.
- the rotational speed MRN (2) of motor generator MG2 when the vehicle is accelerating, the rotational speed MRN (2) of motor generator MG2 also increases. During such acceleration, the actual rotational speed MRN (2) does not necessarily increase monotonously, but a phenomenon of increasing while undulating is observed. This swell component causes vibrations in the vehicle due to fluctuations in vehicle longitudinal acceleration. As a result, there is a concern that the driving comfort of the vehicle is impaired.
- a swell component of the rotational speed MRN (2) (hereinafter also referred to as a fluctuation component ⁇ MRN (2)) is extracted from the detected rotational speed MRN (2). Further, a damping torque ⁇ tr0 is calculated based on the antiphase component of the extracted fluctuation component ⁇ MRN (2). That is, the damping torque ⁇ tr0 is a periodic torque component for canceling the periodic fluctuation component ⁇ MRN (2).
- FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram for explaining vibration suppression control in the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- Each functional block shown in FIG. 6 can be realized by execution of a predetermined program (software processing) by an ECU (preferably motor ECU 45) or operation of an electronic circuit built in the ECU (hardware processing). it can.
- vibration suppression control unit 500 includes rotation speed fluctuation extraction unit 510, vibration suppression torque calculation unit 520, compensation torque setting unit 530, and addition units 540 and 550.
- the rotational speed fluctuation extraction unit 510 detects periodic speed fluctuation components from the detected value of the rotational speed MRN (2) of the motor generator MG2 corresponding to the rotational speed of the drive wheels 39a, 39b in order to detect the speed fluctuation of the vehicle. ⁇ MRN is extracted.
- the speed fluctuation component ⁇ MRN corresponds to the fluctuation component ⁇ MRN (2) in FIG.
- the rotational speed fluctuation extracting unit 510 can be configured by a band pass filter, for example.
- the damping torque calculation unit 520 calculates damping torque ⁇ tr0 for canceling the speed fluctuation component ⁇ MRN when damping control is requested.
- the damping torque ⁇ tr0 is a periodic torque component having a phase opposite to that of the speed fluctuation component ⁇ MRN.
- the vibration suppression control flag FNV is turned on when vibration suppression control is requested, and turned off otherwise.
- the vibration suppression control is turned on when the vehicle vibration is likely to occur, for example, when the vehicle is accelerated or decelerated, or when the engine 22 is started or stopped.
- a slight change in output torque appears as the behavior of the vehicle. Therefore, it is possible to reversely generate vehicle vibration by adding damping torque ⁇ tr0.
- damping torque ⁇ tr0 There is sex. That is, if the vibration suppression control is uniformly applied even when the fluctuation amount of the output torque is small, there is a concern about an adverse effect.
- Compensation torque setting unit 530 receives signals MDR (1) and MDR (2) indicating the operating state of motor generators MG1 and MG2, and damping torque ⁇ tr0 calculated by damping torque calculation unit 520. Compensation torque setting unit 530 selects a motor generator that executes vibration suppression control based on the operating state of motor generators MG1 and MG2 indicated by signals MDR (1) and MDR (2).
- each motor generator for determining whether vibration suppression control is possible includes at least the control mode of the motor generator. Specifically, when the control mode is not PWM control (or more specifically, when it is not sine wave PWM control), vibration suppression control by the motor generator is prohibited. This is because the torque control responsiveness is not high, so that the vibration suppression control cannot be executed effectively, and in some cases, the vehicle vibration may be promoted by the phase shift.
- the operation state of each motor generator for determining whether vibration suppression control is possible may include at least one of motor temperature, rotation speed, torque, and output.
- the temperature of the motor generator is higher than a predetermined temperature
- a high output region where the torque and / or output (power) is larger than a predetermined value
- the compensation torque setting unit 530 basically executes vibration suppression control by the motor generator MG2 that directly changes the rotational speed of the drive wheels 39a and 39b. Therefore, when output of damping torque from motor generator MG2 motor generator MG2, that is, damping control is possible, that is, when none of the above-mentioned prohibition conditions are satisfied, compensation torque setting unit 530 selects motor generator MG2. To do. At this time, compensation torque ⁇ tr (2) of motor generator MG2 is set to ⁇ tr0, while compensation torque ⁇ tr (1) of motor generator MG2 is set to 0.
- compensation torque setting unit 530 The other motor generator, that is, the motor generator MG1 is selected to execute the vibration suppression control. At this time, compensation torque ⁇ tr (1) of motor generator MG1 is set to ⁇ tr, while compensation torque ⁇ tr (2) of motor generator MG2 is set to 0.
- a phase difference for maximizing the vibration damping effect is provided between the compensation torques ⁇ tr (1), ⁇ tr (2) and the vibration damping torque ⁇ tr0 as necessary.
- the necessary phase difference can be obtained in advance by actual machine experiments.
- Compensation torque setting section 530 calculates compensation torques ⁇ tr (1) and ⁇ tr (2) from damping torque ⁇ tr0 by a transfer function that performs phase lead compensation (or phase delay compensation) in addition to proportional calculation.
- phase lead compensation or phase delay compensation
- the power transmission path from the motor generator MG2 to the drive shaft 32a and the power transmission path from the motor generator MG1 to the drive shaft 32a have different path lengths and components.
- the motor generators MG1 and MG2 have different transfer functions that affect the speed fluctuations of the drive shaft 32a (drive wheels 39a and 39b). Therefore, it is preferable that compensation torque ⁇ tr (2) output from motor generator MG2 and compensation torque ⁇ tr (1) output from motor generator MG1 have a phase difference.
- the addition point 540 reflects the compensation torque ⁇ tr (1) for damping control and calculates the torque command value Trqcom (1) of the motor generator MG1.
- the torque command value Trqcom (1) is calculated by adding the original torque command value Tr (1) of MG1 for generating the vehicle driving force and the compensation torque ⁇ tr (1) set by the compensation torque setting unit 530. Is done.
- the adding unit 550 calculates the torque command value Trqcom (2) of the motor generator MG2 reflecting the compensation torque ⁇ tr (2) for vibration suppression control.
- the torque command value Trqcom (2) is calculated by adding the original torque command value Tr (2) of MG2 for generating the vehicle driving force and the compensation torque ⁇ tr (2) set by the compensation torque setting unit 530. Is done.
- FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of vibration suppression control by the vibration suppression control unit 500 shown in FIG.
- motor ECU 45 determines whether vibration suppression control is requested in step S100.
- the determination in step S100 can be executed based on the vibration suppression control flag FNV shown in FIG.
- step S110 corresponds to the functions of the rotational speed fluctuation extraction unit 510 and the damping torque calculation unit 520 shown in FIG.
- step S120 the motor ECU 45 determines whether vibration suppression control is possible by the motor generator MG2. As described above, the determination in step S120 is performed based on the operating state of motor generator MG2. Most simply, the determination in step S120 is executed based on whether or not the motor generator MG2 is applying PWM control (sine wave PWM control).
- PWM control sine wave PWM control
- step S140 determines whether vibration suppression control is possible by motor generator MG1. Further, determine. As described above, the determination in step S140 is performed based on the operating state of motor generator MG1, including the control mode. The determination conditions in steps S120 and S140 may be the same or different.
- the output torque of motor generators MG1 and MG2 is controlled according to torque command values Trqcom (1) and Trqcom (2). Specifically, AC power supplied to motor generators MG1 and MG2 is controlled by on / off control of switching elements of inverters 41 and 42 in accordance with feedback control for eliminating torque deviation.
- Vibration control can be executed by selecting a motor generator that is in an operating state capable of outputting vibration suppression torque.
- the remaining motor generators (MG1) ) can execute vibration suppression control.
- the speed fluctuation component suppressed by the vibration suppression control according to the present embodiment is not limited to the above example, and can be arbitrarily detected.
- the speed fluctuation component of the vehicle to be suppressed may be extracted based on the detection value of the acceleration sensor (G sensor) or based on the stroke (crank angle) of the engine as in Patent Document 2. .
- FIG. 1 the configuration in which the output shafts of the engine 22 and the motor generators MG1 and MG2 are mechanically connected by the power split mechanism 30 configured by the planetary gear mechanism is described. It is described in a confirming manner that the present invention is not limited to such a configuration.
- the vibration suppression control described in the present embodiment can be applied to a hybrid vehicle having a drive system configured to have a plurality of vehicle drive motors (motor generators).
- the voltage amplitude applied from the inverter 42 to the motor generator MG2 is also reduced, so that the PWM control (preferably, sine wave PWM control) can be applied by reducing the required modulation rate.
- the vibration suppression control it is possible to execute the vibration suppression control while keeping the driving force of the entire vehicle constant.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining a modification of the vibration suppression control in the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- motor ECU 45 further executes step S180 in addition to steps S100 to S160 shown in FIG. *
- Step S180 is executed when vibration control cannot be performed by both motor generators MG1 and MG2 (when NO is determined in both steps S120 and S140).
- step S160 in which the vibration suppression control is not executed is executed only when NO is determined in step S100.
- step S180 the motor ECU 45 changes the operating point of the motor generator MG2 as described with reference to FIG. For example, the operating point is changed so as to decrease the output torque of motor generator MG2 while increasing the output of engine 22. At this time, the driving force of the entire vehicle is kept constant by determining the output increase amount of the engine 22 in correspondence with the torque decrease amount of the motor generator MG2.
- the vibration suppression control by the motor generator MG2 becomes possible by changing the control mode to PWM control.
- the vibration suppression control according to the modification of the present embodiment even when both motor generators MG1 and MG2 are in an operation state in which vibration suppression control is not possible, the vibration generator control is performed by changing the operating point of motor generator MG2. Vibration control can be executed.
- step S120 when the vibration control by the motor generator MG2 is prohibited under conditions other than the control mode (high temperature or the like), the control mode is changed to PWM control by changing the operating point. Even if it changes, there is a possibility that the vibration control by the motor generator MG2 may be disabled depending on the condition. Therefore, when step S120 is determined to be NO under conditions other than the control mode, it is preferable to execute step S160 in which vibration suppression control is not executed, instead of step S180 for changing the operating point.
- FIG. 12 shows a modification of the configuration of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- hybrid vehicle 20 # according to a modification of the embodiment of the present invention has a drive unit 90 for driving front wheels 39a and 39b and a drive unit 95 for driving rear wheels 39c and 39d.
- Hybrid vehicle 20 # is a so-called four-wheel drive vehicle in which both front wheels 39a and 39b and rear wheels 39c and 39d are drive wheels.
- the rear wheels 39c and 39d correspond to “sub-drive wheels”
- the front wheels 39a and 39b correspond to “main drive wheels”.
- Hybrid vehicle 20 # further includes a battery 50 and a power control unit (PCU) 51.
- the PCU 51 includes a group of devices for power conversion between the battery 50 and the vehicle drive motors (MG1, MG2, MGR) represented by the converter 40 and inverters 41, 42 shown in FIGS. It is described.
- the drive unit 90 has, for example, the same configuration as the power train of FIG. In other words, the motor generators MG1 and MG2 and the engine 22 are cooperatively operated to generate the driving force of the driving wheels 39a and 39b.
- the motor generator MG1 that enables power generation by engine power is omitted from the configuration of FIG. 1, and the driving unit 90 is driven by a so-called parallel hybrid system so that vehicle driving force is generated in parallel by the engine 22 and the motor generator MG2. May be configured.
- the drive unit 90 may be configured by a so-called series hybrid type in which the output of the engine 22 is used only for power generation.
- the drive unit 95 includes a motor generator MGR for driving the rear wheels and a speed reducer 97 provided between a drive shaft for the rear wheels (not shown).
- Motor generator MGR is driven by PCU 51 using power supplied from battery 50, similarly to motor generator MG2.
- the regenerative power generated by the motor generator MGR can charge the battery 50 via the PCU 51.
- the drive units 90 and 95 can have any configuration as long as a plurality of vehicle drive motors (motor generators) are mounted on the entire vehicle.
- a plurality of vehicle drive motors are mounted (MG1, MG2, MGR / MG2, MGR). Therefore, while the vibration control is preferentially executed by the motor generator MG2 that generates the driving force of the main driving wheel, the driving force of the auxiliary driving wheel is generated when the motor generator MG2 is in an operation state in which the vibration control cannot be performed. It is also possible to execute vibration suppression control using the motor generator MGR. For example, damping control by motor generator MGR can be realized by adding a periodic torque corresponding to compensation torque ⁇ tr (1) in hybrid vehicle 20 to a torque command value of motor generator MGR.
- vibration control is not limited to a plurality of vehicle driving motors (motor generators) mounted on an electric vehicle, without being limited to motors that generate driving force for the same driving wheel.
- motor generator MGR corresponds to “first electric motor”
- motor generator MG2 corresponds to “second electric motor”.
- the rear wheels 39c and 39d can be used as main drive wheels, and the front wheels 39a and 39b can be used as auxiliary drive wheels.
- the electric motor (motor generator) that generates the driving force for the rear wheels corresponds to the “second electric motor”
- the electric motor (motor generator) that generates the driving force for the front wheels corresponds to the “first electric motor”.
- hybrid vehicles 20 and 20 # show hybrid vehicles 20 and 20 # as representative examples of electric vehicles.
- electric vehicles and fuel cell vehicles in which only the electric motor is a vehicle driving force source without the engine 22 being arranged are shown.
- vehicle drive motors motor generators
- the present invention can be applied to an electric vehicle equipped with a plurality of vehicle driving motors.
Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態による電動車両の代表例として示されるハイブリッド車の概略構成を示す構成図である。
このように、モータジェネレータMG1,MG2は、トルク指令値に従ったトルクを出力するように、インバータ41,42による直流-交流電力変換によって制御される。この電動機制御では、対応のモータジェネレータMG1またはMG2の状態に応じて制御モードが選択される。
次に、本発明の実施の形態による電動車両における制振制御について説明する。
図7に示したフローチャートでは、モータジェネレータMG1,MG2の両方で制振トルクの出力が不可である場合には、制振制御を不実行(S160)とした。以下では、かかる状況においても制振トルクを発生可能とするような、制振制御の変形例について説明する。
図12には、本発明の実施の形態による電動車両の構成の変形例が示される。
Claims (15)
- 車両駆動力を発生するための複数の電動機(MG1,MG2,MGR)と、
前記複数の電動機を制御するための制御装置(45)とを備え、
前記制御装置は、制振制御の実行時において、前記複数の電動機のそれぞれの運転状態に応じて前記複数の電動機から前記制振制御を実行する電動機を選択するとともに、選択した電動機の出力トルクに、車両の周期的な速度変動成分を打ち消すための周期的な補償トルク(Δtr(1),Δtr(2))を加算するように構成される、電動車両。 - 前記運転状態は、各前記電動機の制御モードを含み、
前記制御モードは、パルス幅変調制御が適用される第1の制御モードおよび、矩形波電圧制御が適用される第2の制御モードを含み、
前記制御装置は、前記複数の電動機のうちの前記第1の制御モードが適用されている電動機を選択して前記制振制御を実行する、請求の範囲第1項に記載の電動車両。 - 前記運転状態は、各前記電動機の温度、回転速度、トルクおよび出力のうちの少なくとも1つを含み、
前記制御装置は、前記複数の電動機のうちの、前記温度、前記回転速度、前記トルクおよび前記出力のうちの前記少なくとも1つが所定値より高い電動機による前記制振制御を禁止する、請求の範囲第1項に記載の電動車両。 - 内燃機関(22)をさらに備え、
前記複数の電動機は、
前記内燃機関から駆動軸(32a)を介して駆動輪(39a,39b)へ至る動力伝達経路に配置された第1の電動機(MG1)と、
前記駆動軸と機械的に連結された第2の電動機(MG2)とを含み、
前記制御装置は、前記第2の電動機の運転状態が前記制振制御を実行できる状態である場合には、前記第2の電動機によって前記制振制御を実行する一方で、前記第2の電動機の運転状態が前記制振制御を実行できる状態ではない場合には、前記第1の電動機によって前記制振制御を実行する、請求の範囲第1項に記載の電動車両。 - 前記運転状態は、各前記電動機の制御モードを含み、
前記制御モードは、パルス幅変調制御が適用される第1の制御モードおよび、矩形波電圧制御が適用される第2の制御モードを含み、
前記制御装置は、前記第2の電動機に前記第1の制御モードが適用されている場合には前記第2の電動機によって前記制振制御を実行する一方で、前記第1および第2の電動機の両方に前記第1の制御モードが適用されていない場合には、前記第2の電動機の出力を減少させるとともに、当該減少量に対応させて前記内燃機関および前記第1の電動機の少なくとも一方の出力を増加させる、請求の範囲第4項に記載の電動車両。 - 相対回転可能な第1から第3の回転要素を含む差動装置(30)をさらに備え、
前記第1の回転要素(34)は、前記内燃機関(22)の出力軸(26)と機械的に連結され、
前記第2の回転要素(31)は、前記第1の電動機(MG1)の出力軸と機械的に連結され、
前記第3の回転要素(32)は、前記駆動軸(32a)および前記第2の電動機(MG2)の出力軸と機械的に連結される、請求の範囲第4項または第5項に記載の電動車両。 - 前記複数の電動機は、
副駆動輪(39c,39d)の駆動力を発生するための第1の電動機(MGR)と、
主駆動輪(39a,39b)の駆動力を発生するための第2の電動機(MG2)とを含み、
前記制御装置は、前記第2の電動機の運転状態が前記制振制御を実行できる状態である場合には、前記第2の電動機によって前記制振制御を実行する一方で、前記第2の電動機の運転状態が前記制振制御を実行できる状態ではない場合には、前記第1の電動機によって前記制振制御を実行する、請求の範囲第1項に記載の電動車両。 - 前記制御装置(45)は、前記制振制御の実行時には、前記速度変動成分とは逆位相の制振トルク成分(Δtr0)を演算するとともに、前記制振トルク成分に対応した補償トルク(Δtr(1),Δtr(2))を前記制振制御を実行する電動機の出力トルクに加算し、
前記第1の電動機によって前記制振制御を実行するときの前記補償トルク(Δtr(1))と、前記第2の電動機によって前記制振制御を実行するときの前記補償トルク(Δtr(2))とは、前記制振トルク成分に対する位相が異なる、請求の範囲第4項または第7項に記載の電動車両。 - 車両駆動力を発生するための複数の電動機(MG1,MG2,MGR)を備えた電動車両の制御方法であって、
車両の周期的な速度変動成分を打ち消すための周期的な制振トルク成分(Δtr0)を演算するステップ(S110)と、
前記複数の電動機のそれぞれの運転状態に応じて前記複数の電動機から制振制御を実行する電動機を選択するステップ(S120-S150)と、
前記制振制御を実行する電動機の出力トルクに前記制振トルク成分に対応した補償トルク(Δtr(1),Δtr(2))を加算するステップ(S200)とを備える、電動車両の制御方法。 - 前記運転状態は、各前記電動機の制御モードを含み、
前記制御モードは、パルス幅変調制御が適用される第1の制御モードおよび、矩形波電圧制御が適用される第2の制御モードを含み、
前記選択するステップ(S120-S150)は、前記複数の電動機のうちの前記第1の制御モードが適用されている電動機によって前記制振制御を実行する、請求の範囲第9項に記載の電動車両の制御方法。 - 前記運転状態は、各前記電動機の温度、回転速度、トルクおよび出力のうちの少なくとも1つを含み、
前記選択するステップ(S120-S150)は、前記複数の電動機のうちの、前記温度、前記回転速度、前記トルクおよび前記出力のうちの前記少なくとも1つが所定値より高い電動機による前記制振制御を禁止する、請求の範囲第9項に記載の電動車両の制御方法。 - 前記電動車両は、内燃機関(22)をさらに備え、
前記複数の電動機は、
前記内燃機関から駆動軸(32a)を介して駆動輪(39a,39b)へ至る動力伝達経路に配置された第1の電動機(MG1)と、
前記駆動軸と機械的に連結された第2の電動機(MG2)とを含み、
前記選択するステップ(S120-S150)は、前記第2の電動機の運転状態が前記制振制御を実行できる状態である場合には、前記第2の電動機によって前記制振制御を実行する一方で、前記第2の電動機の運転状態が前記制振制御を実行できる状態ではない場合には、前記第1の電動機によって前記制振制御を実行する、請求の範囲第9項に記載の電動車両の制御方法。 - 前記運転状態は、各前記電動機の制御モードを含み、
前記制御モードは、パルス幅変調制御が適用される第1の制御モードおよび、矩形波電圧制御が適用される第2の制御モードを含み、
前記選択するステップ(S120-S150)は、
前記第2の電動機に前記第1の制御モードが適用されている場合に、前記第2の電動機によって前記制振制御を実行するステップ(S120,S130)と、
前記第2の電動機に前記第1の制御モードが適用されておらず、かつ、前記第1の電動機に前記第1の制御モードが適用されている場合に、前記第1の電動機によって前記制振制御を実行するステップ(S140,S150)とを含み、
前記制御方法は、
前記前記第1および第2の電動機の両方に前記第1の制御モードが適用されていない場合に、前記第2の電動機の出力を減少させるとともに、当該減少量に対応させて前記内燃機関および前記第1の電動機の少なくとも一方の出力を増加させるステップ(S180)をさらに備える、請求の範囲第12項に記載の電動車両の制御方法。 - 前記複数の電動機は、
副駆動輪(39c,39d)の駆動力を発生するための第1の電動機(MGR)と、
主駆動輪(39a,39b)の駆動力を発生するための第2の電動機(MG2)とを含み、
前記前記選択するステップ(S120-S150)は、前記第2の電動機の運転状態が前記制振制御を実行できる状態である場合には、前記第2の電動機によって前記制振制御を実行する一方で、前記第2の電動機の運転状態が前記制振制御を実行できる状態ではない場合には、前記第1の電動機によって前記制振制御を実行する、請求の範囲第9項に記載の電動車両の制御方法。 - 前記第1の電動機によって前記制振制御を実行するときの前記補償トルク(Δtr(1))と、前記第2の電動機によって前記制振制御を実行するときの前記補償トルク(Δtr(1))とは、前記制振トルク成分に対する位相が異なる、請求の範囲第12項または第14項に記載の電動車両の制御方法。
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CN103079870B (zh) | 2015-09-30 |
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JP5423898B2 (ja) | 2014-02-19 |
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