WO2011129218A1 - 絶縁劣化診断装置 - Google Patents
絶縁劣化診断装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011129218A1 WO2011129218A1 PCT/JP2011/058531 JP2011058531W WO2011129218A1 WO 2011129218 A1 WO2011129218 A1 WO 2011129218A1 JP 2011058531 W JP2011058531 W JP 2011058531W WO 2011129218 A1 WO2011129218 A1 WO 2011129218A1
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- insulation deterioration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/14—Circuits therefor, e.g. for generating test voltages, sensing circuits
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/40—Testing power supplies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an insulation deterioration diagnosis device that detects an electric current leaking from an electric circuit connected between an inverter device and an inverter-driven load device and performs insulation deterioration diagnosis.
- the inverter-driven load equipment includes an electric motor, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS: “Uninterruptible Power Supply”), an electromagnetic cooker, and lighting. All of these equipments cause insulation deterioration due to aging. For example, in an electric motor used for a transporter or the like, with frequent movement of a workbench connected to the electric motor, the conductor cable for supplying power may be rubbed, distorted, expanded and contracted, and the conductor coating may be damaged. In an electric motor used for a processing machine or the like, cutting fluid or oil may splash on the electric motor and erode to an internal insulating material through a shaft shaft or the like.
- UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply
- the degree of insulation degradation of load equipment driven by an inverter varies depending on the environment of use and the durability of the components, but leakage current flows through the location where this insulation degradation occurs, causing a risk of electric shock to the human body and interruption of leakage It becomes a factor that the device operates.
- the earth leakage breaker is installed to prevent electric shock to the human body.
- human life is a matter of course, but once the earth leakage circuit breaker is activated, the equipment and equipment containing the motor will stop, so it will take time to identify the cause and location of the earth leakage and restore it. The operating efficiency will be reduced.
- a zero-phase current transformer ZCT: Zero-phase Current Transformer
- CT Current Transformer
- Hall CT a current detector such as a shunt resistor
- a power supply circuit to a motor is switched to a closed circuit including an insulation resistor and a ground by a switch, and an AC voltage applied to a control circuit of the motor is changed.
- an insulation deterioration diagnosis device that detects insulation deterioration by measuring a current flowing to the closed circuit using a DC voltage obtained by rectification by a rectifier circuit.
- the leakage current is a direct current component
- a zero-phase current transformer or current transformer for detecting the alternating current component cannot be used, and an element capable of detecting the direct current component, such as a hall CT or a shunt resistor Is used.
- an insulation deterioration diagnosis apparatus that performs insulation deterioration diagnosis by switching to a power supply circuit for insulation deterioration diagnosis using a switch or the like can perform insulation deterioration diagnosis with high accuracy, but can be applied to an inverter-driven load device. It is necessary to completely stop the power supply. For this reason, in a load device that requires long-term continuous operation, there is a problem that the insulation deterioration diagnosis cannot be performed until the power supply is completely stopped, and the insulation deterioration cannot be detected in advance.
- zero-phase current transformers used for earth leakage circuit breakers and earth leakage protection relays are suitable for continuous measurement.
- the leakage current that can be measured with a zero-phase current transformer is 1 mA or more for high-precision products, and several mA or more for general-purpose products, and there is a problem that it can be detected only when the insulation deterioration of the load equipment has sufficiently progressed.
- CT and shunt resistance using a thin film magnetic detection element such as a Hall element or a magnetoresistive element can also measure alternating current, which is effective for measuring current while driving a load device.
- a thin film magnetic detection element such as a Hall element or a magnetoresistive element
- the output of thin-film magnetic sensing elements fluctuates with changes in ambient temperature
- the shunt resistance has a small resistance value, so the output voltage for small currents is small, and the resistance value variation and ambient temperature are measured. It is not suitable for measuring minute currents because it has a large effect on accuracy.
- a zero-phase current transformer suitable for continuous measurement collects a zero-phase magnetic field generated from a zero-phase current with high sensitivity. Therefore, a magnetic material having a high magnetic permeability is used as a constituent member, and a PC permalloy is generally used. .
- the PC permalloy has a frequency characteristic that the magnetic characteristic varies depending on the frequency of the applied magnetic field, and has a characteristic that the magnetic permeability decreases as the frequency increases.
- a load device driven by an inverter can efficiently control driving of the load device by controlling the frequency of the voltage and current to be supplied.
- an electric motor driven by an inverter can generally control the drive rotation speed by controlling the drive voltage frequency, so that the drive rotation speed and the drive voltage frequency are in a proportional relationship.
- V / f constant control is adopted in which the ratio between the drive voltage applied to each phase of the motor and the drive voltage frequency is controlled to be constant. If the drive voltage frequency is low, the drive voltage applied to each phase of the electric motor is low, and if the drive voltage frequency is high, the drive voltage applied to each phase of the electric motor is high. That is, when the motor is rotating at a low speed, when trying to measure the current leaked from the electric circuit, the drive voltage applied to each phase of the motor is low, so the current leaked from the location where the insulation has deteriorated is a minute current. Become.
- the zero-phase current to be measured is a minute current depending on the drive voltage value and the drive voltage frequency supplied to the load device, Furthermore, there is a problem that measurement is not possible with high accuracy due to the influence of the frequency characteristics of PC permalloy.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an insulation deterioration diagnosis apparatus capable of measuring a current leaking from a load device driven by an inverter over a wide frequency with high accuracy.
- a first aspect of the present invention is a device for diagnosing insulation deterioration of an electric circuit connected between an inverter device and a load device driven by an inverter,
- a zero-phase current transformer having an annular magnetic core, an excitation coil wound around the magnetic core, and a detection coil wound around the magnetic core for detecting a zero-phase current in an electric circuit;
- An excitation control circuit for exciting the magnetic core by supplying an alternating current having a frequency more than twice the drive frequency of the load device to the excitation coil;
- a frequency extraction circuit for extracting a predetermined frequency component from the output signal of the detection coil.
- a detector for detecting a current waveform or a voltage waveform supplied to the load device is further provided, and a current supplied to the exciting coil is controlled based on an output signal of the detector. Is preferred.
- the apparatus further comprises a frequency arithmetic circuit for calculating a drive frequency based on the output signal of the detector,
- the frequency extraction circuit preferably extracts the same frequency component as the drive frequency from the output signal of the detection coil.
- the frequency extraction circuit preferably extracts the second harmonic component of the excitation frequency of the magnetic core.
- an operation determination circuit for determining whether or not the excitation control circuit is operable based on the calculation result of the frequency calculation circuit.
- the diagnosis determination circuit for determining whether or not the insulation deterioration diagnosis can be performed based on the calculation result of the frequency calculation circuit.
- the second aspect of the present invention is a device for diagnosing insulation deterioration of an electric circuit connected between an inverter device and an inverter-driven load device, A plurality of zero-phase current transformers having different magnetic saturation levels and for detecting a zero-phase current in a circuit; A detector for detecting a current waveform or a voltage waveform supplied to the load device; A frequency calculation circuit for calculating the driving frequency of the load device based on the output signal of the detector; A conversion determination circuit that determines whether to perform insulation deterioration diagnosis using an output signal from any of the plurality of zero-phase current transformers based on a calculation result of the frequency calculation circuit.
- the third aspect of the present invention is a device for diagnosing insulation deterioration of an electric circuit connected between an inverter device and an inverter-driven load device, A zero-phase current transformer for detecting the zero-phase current in the circuit; A detector for detecting a current waveform or a voltage waveform supplied to the load device; A frequency calculation circuit for calculating the driving frequency of the load device based on the output signal of the detector; Sensitivity adjusting means for adjusting the sensitivity of the zero-phase current transformer based on the calculation result of the frequency calculation circuit.
- the magnetic saturation changing means changes the sensitivity of the zero-phase current transformer by changing the temperature of the magnetic core included in the zero-phase current transformer or the stress applied to the magnetic core. Is preferably adjusted.
- the dependency of the driving frequency can be reduced by changing the sensitivity or magnetic saturation level of the zero-phase current transformer to be used, and the zero-phase current can be accurately detected. Can be measured. As a result, highly reliable insulation deterioration diagnosis can be performed.
- FIG. 4A is an explanatory diagram schematically showing frequency characteristics of PC permalloy
- FIG. 4A shows a frequency change of a BH curve
- FIG. 4B shows a frequency change of relative permeability.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating the principle of operation of the present embodiment
- FIG. 6A shows the BH curve of the magnetic core and the waveform of the excitation magnetic field
- FIG. 6A shows the BH curve of the magnetic core and the waveform of the excitation magnetic field
- FIG. 6B shows the state in which the magnetic core is magnetically saturated, and FIG. Shows a state where is superimposed.
- Embodiment 7 of this invention is a block diagram which shows the insulation degradation diagnostic apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 7 of this invention.
- FIG. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an insulation deterioration diagnosis apparatus 101 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- a plurality of electric circuits 6a, 6b, 6c are connected between the inverter device 1 and the load device 3 driven by the inverter.
- three electric circuits are used, and in the case of single-phase driving, two electric circuits are used.
- the ground terminal of the inverter device 1 and the ground terminal of the load device 3 may be connected by an earth wire.
- the inverter device 1 has a function of modulating a DC signal input from a previous converter or the like based on a command signal from the control device 2, and outputs an AC signal having an amplitude and a frequency commanded by the control device 2.
- the load device 3 is driven in accordance with an AC signal input from the inverter device 1 through the electric circuits 6a, 6b, and 6c. Examples of the inverter-driven load device 3 include an electric motor, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), an electromagnetic cooker, and lighting.
- UPS uninterruptible power supply
- the insulation deterioration diagnosis device 101 includes a zero-phase current transformer 4, a current detector 5, a frequency calculation circuit 7, an excitation control circuit 8, a processing circuit 90, a display 11, and the like.
- the zero-phase current transformer 4 is provided in the middle of the electric circuits 6a, 6b, and 6c, and has a function of detecting the zero-phase current in the power supply circuit.
- the zero-phase current indicates a leakage current that flows to the ground through an insulation resistance.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the zero-phase current transformer 4.
- the zero-phase current transformer 4 detects a zero-phase current obtained by summing up three-phase currents (Ia + Ib + Ic) flowing through the load device 3, and includes an annular magnetic core 15 and an excitation wound around the magnetic core 15.
- the coil 16 and the detection coil 17 wound around the magnetic core 15 are included.
- the three electric paths 6a, 6b, 6c to be detected are arranged so as to penetrate the inside of the magnetic core 15.
- the excitation coil 16 and the detection coil 17 are expressed as eccentric windings. However, in order to suppress output fluctuations due to coil winding unevenness, an external magnetic field, etc., normally, the excitation coil 16 and the detection coil 17 are wound evenly over the entire circumference of the magnetic core 15. In addition, although each coil is wound directly around the magnetic core 15, in order to protect the characteristic deterioration of the magnetic core 15 due to winding stress, for example, on the outer surface of a resin case in which the magnetic core 15 is enclosed. Winding processing may be performed.
- the current detector 5 has a function of detecting a current waveform supplied to the load device 3.
- the current detector 5 uses a shunt resistor or a current transformer using a Hall element or a magnetoresistive element (MR element). It is composed of containers.
- a voltage detector that detects a voltage waveform supplied to the load device 3 may be used.
- the frequency calculation circuit 7 has a function of calculating the drive frequency fd of the load device 3 based on the current waveform measured by the current detector 5, and is configured by, for example, a frequency counter.
- the excitation control circuit 8 supplies an alternating current having a frequency fe ( ⁇ 2 ⁇ fd) that is at least twice the drive frequency fd of the load device 3 to the excitation coil 16 of the zero-phase current transformer 4 to provide a magnetic core 15.
- a frequency fe ⁇ 2 ⁇ fd
- a power amplifier For example, a combination of a frequency variable oscillator and a power amplifier.
- the processing circuit 90 performs output signal processing of the zero-phase current transformer 4 and insulation deterioration diagnosis, and in this embodiment, includes a synchronous detection circuit 9 and an insulation deterioration diagnosis circuit 10.
- the synchronous detection circuit 9 extracts the same frequency component as the drive frequency fd from the output signal of the detection coil 17 of the zero-phase current transformer 4 using the drive frequency fd calculated by the frequency calculation circuit 7.
- the insulation deterioration diagnosis circuit 10 is composed of, for example, a microprocessor and performs insulation deterioration diagnosis based on an output signal from the synchronous detection circuit 9.
- the display 11 displays the result of the insulation deterioration diagnosis, and is composed of, for example, a display.
- a safety device such as an earth leakage breaker, an earth leakage relay, or a warning buzzer may be used, and a means in accordance with the operation method after the insulation deterioration diagnosis of the load device 3 can be appropriately selected.
- the zero-phase current transformer 4 collects a single-phase reciprocating current flowing in the electric paths 6a, 6b, and 6c or a zero-phase magnetic field generated from a zero-phase current obtained by summing two-phase or three-phase currents in the magnetic core 15, and A current flows through a burden resistor (not shown) connected between the terminals of the detection coil 17 so as to cancel the collected magnetic flux. If the coupling coefficient is 1, a current value obtained by dividing the zero-phase current by the number of turns of the detection coil 17 flows to the detection coil 17. Therefore, since a current corresponding to the turn ratio can be detected, it is called a current transformer.
- FIG. 3A to 3C are explanatory views showing a state where a zero-phase current is generated.
- a three-phase alternating current having a frequency of 60 Hz (solid line: U-phase, broken line: V-phase, gray line: W-phase) flows in the electric circuits 6a, 6b, and 6c.
- FIG. 3B when the leakage current occurs only in one phase (for example, V phase) and the peak values are different, the zero-phase current becomes a current of 60 Hz as shown in FIG. 3C. That is, the frequency of the zero phase magnetic field applied to the magnetic core 15 of the zero phase current transformer 4 is 60 Hz.
- the load device 3 is driven at a desired current value and frequency by an inverter driving method. Since the frequency of the current supplied to the load device 3 changes according to the driving conditions of the load device 3, the frequency of the zero-phase current also changes in the range of several Hz to several hundred Hz close to DC, for example. Will do.
- the magnetic body of the zero-phase current transformer 4 generally has frequency characteristics such that the magnetic characteristics differ with respect to the frequency of the applied magnetic field.
- PC permalloy which is used to collect a minute current such as a zero-phase current with high sensitivity, is one of magnetic materials whose characteristics change depending on the frequency.
- FIG. 4A and 4B are explanatory views schematically showing the frequency characteristics of PC permalloy
- FIG. 4A shows the frequency change of the BH curve
- FIG. 4B shows the frequency change of the relative permeability.
- the slope of the BH curve (corresponding to the permeability in air x the relative permeability) changes according to the frequency of the applied magnetic field, and the relative permeability is higher at 15 Hz than at 60 Hz, and the detection sensitivity is higher. I understand that.
- the saturation magnetic flux density is constant regardless of the frequency.
- the drive frequency fd of the load device 3 can be acquired by the frequency calculation circuit 7.
- the excitation control circuit 8 selects an excitation frequency fe that satisfies a sampling rate (at least twice the drive frequency fd) determined by the user with respect to the drive frequency fd of the load device 3, and outputs an excitation current.
- This exciting current flows through the exciting coil 16 of the zero-phase current transformer 4 to generate an exciting magnetic field and is collected by the magnetic core 15.
- the operating range of the excitation magnetic field is preferably only the linear region of the BH characteristic of the magnetic core 15 and is not magnetically saturated even when a magnetic field (zero phase magnetic field) due to zero phase current is superimposed.
- the output signal of the zero-phase current transformer 4 contains both the measurement target frequency and the excitation frequency components.
- the synchronous detection circuit 9 extracts the same frequency component as the drive frequency fd from the output signal of the zero-phase current transformer 4. By adopting synchronous detection, only the signal component of the measurement target frequency included in the output signal of the zero-phase current transformer 4 can be extracted with a high S / N ratio.
- the insulation deterioration diagnosis circuit 10 can perform highly accurate insulation deterioration diagnosis.
- the display 11 performs processing based on the insulation resistance value and leakage current value calculated by the processing circuit 90, and uses, for example, the time series transition of the insulation resistance value and leakage current value, the life of the load device 3 and a failure alarm. Can be encouraged. Further, in order to calculate the insulation resistance value, the value of the phase voltage applied to the load device is required, but there is no problem even if the relationship of the phase voltage applied to the load device is obtained by calculation. For example, when the load device 3 is an electric motor, the load resistance 3 can be calculated from the number of drive revolutions and the number of poles of the electric motor, and the insulation resistance value can be calculated from the zero-phase current and the phase voltage according to Ohm's law.
- the magnetic core 15 is excited by exciting the magnetic core 15 at a frequency fe (preferably fe ⁇ 2 ⁇ fd) higher than the drive frequency fd. Can prevent magnetic saturation. Further, the dependency of the driving frequency can be reduced by correcting the detected zero-phase current based on the frequency characteristics of the zero-phase current transformer 4. As a result, highly reliable insulation deterioration diagnosis can be performed.
- FIG. FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing an insulation deterioration diagnosis apparatus 102 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the insulation deterioration diagnosis device 102 according to the present embodiment has the same configuration as the insulation deterioration diagnosis device 101 according to the first embodiment, but instead of the synchronous detection circuit 9, the output signal of the zero-phase current transformer 4 is A second harmonic detection circuit 12 for extracting a second harmonic component (2 ⁇ fe) of the excitation frequency fe of the magnetic core 15 is used.
- FIG. 6A to 6C are explanatory diagrams of the operation principle of this embodiment.
- FIG. 6A shows the BH curve of the magnetic core 15 and the waveform of the excitation magnetic field.
- FIG. 6B shows that the magnetic core 15 is magnetically saturated.
- FIG. 6C shows a state in which a DC magnetic field is superimposed.
- the effective value of the second harmonic signal component of the detection voltage is substantially proportional to the DC magnetic field superimposed on the magnetic core 15, the effective value of the DC magnetic field can be calculated. Even when the superimposed magnetic field is not a DC magnetic field but an AC magnetic field, if the excitation frequency is set sufficiently large with respect to the frequency of the AC magnetic field, the AC magnetic field change per excitation magnetic field can be locally recognized as a DC magnetic field. Therefore, both DC and AC magnetic fields can be measured.
- the operating range of the excitation magnetic field is based on the premise that only the linear region of the BH characteristic of the magnetic core 15 is used and no magnetic saturation occurs even when the zero-phase magnetic field due to the zero-phase current is superimposed.
- the operating range of the excitation magnetic field uses a region including the saturation region of the BH characteristic of the magnetic core 15.
- the excitation control circuit 8 selects an excitation frequency fe that satisfies a sampling rate (at least twice the drive frequency fd) determined by the user with respect to the drive frequency fd of the load device 3, and optimal excitation at that excitation frequency fe
- a current that is, an exciting current at which the magnetic core is magnetically saturated is applied to the exciting coil 16 of the zero-phase current transformer 4.
- the double wave detection circuit 12 extracts a frequency wave component (2 ⁇ fe) that is twice the excitation frequency fe from the output signal of the zero phase current transformer 4, and extracts a change due to the zero phase current. At this time, even if the same zero-phase current value is detected, if the excitation frequency is different, the extracted signal component value is different according to the frequency characteristic of the magnetic core 15.
- the insulation deterioration diagnosis circuit 10 by providing the insulation deterioration diagnosis circuit 10 with a function for correcting the detected zero-phase current based on the frequency characteristics of the zero-phase current transformer 4, the dependency of the drive frequency can be reduced. As a result, the insulation deterioration diagnosis circuit 10 can perform highly accurate insulation deterioration diagnosis.
- the example which used the 2nd wave detection circuit as the circuit which extracts the 2nd harmonic signal component of the excitation frequency fe was demonstrated in the processing circuit 90, as an alternative, the signal of the frequency wave component (2 * fe) vicinity is demonstrated.
- a bandpass filter that extracts components may be used.
- the zero-phase current can be detected with high accuracy. Further, the dependency of the driving frequency can be reduced by correcting the detected zero-phase current based on the frequency characteristics of the zero-phase current transformer 4. As a result, highly reliable insulation deterioration diagnosis can be performed.
- FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing an insulation deterioration diagnosis apparatus 103 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the insulation deterioration diagnosis device 103 according to the present embodiment has the same configuration as the insulation deterioration diagnosis device 101 according to the first embodiment, but an operation determination circuit 13 is added between the frequency calculation circuit 7 and the excitation control circuit 8. ing.
- the operation determination circuit 13 is configured by, for example, a microprocessor, and performs threshold determination based on the calculation result of the frequency calculation circuit 7 and determines whether or not to perform the excitation operation by the excitation control circuit 8 based on the determination result. .
- the excitation control circuit 8 is operated for the zero-phase current in the low frequency band, and the excitation control circuit 8 is not operated for the zero-phase current in the commercial frequency or the high frequency band.
- the threshold frequency for determining whether or not to operate can be arbitrarily set by the user in consideration of the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the drive frequency fd of the load device 3.
- the operation determination circuit 13 is added to the configuration of the first embodiment.
- the operation determination circuit 13 is interposed between the frequency arithmetic circuit 7 and the excitation control circuit 8. It is also possible to add.
- the flux gate type zero-phase current transformer 4 excites up to the saturation region in the BH characteristic of the magnetic core 15, so that the effect of suppressing the power consumption is higher than that applied to the first embodiment. .
- FIG. FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing an insulation deterioration diagnosis apparatus 104 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- the insulation deterioration diagnosis device 104 according to the present embodiment has the same configuration as the insulation deterioration diagnosis device 103 according to the third embodiment, but a diagnosis determination circuit 14 is added between the frequency calculation circuit 7 and the operation determination circuit 13. ing.
- the diagnosis determination circuit 14 is constituted by, for example, a microprocessor, and determines whether or not to perform insulation deterioration diagnosis by the processing circuit 90 based on the calculation result of the frequency calculation circuit 7.
- the frequency of the excitation current output from the excitation control circuit 8 is a sampling rate (drive frequency fd) determined by the user with respect to the drive frequency fd of the load device 3.
- the excitation frequency fe is selected so as to satisfy (2 times or more).
- the driving frequency fd of the load device 3 does not change dramatically from the concept of the inverter drive as long as it is an application that performs constant operation or monotonous operation, although it varies depending on the usage environment and application of the load device 3.
- a determination circuit 14 is preferably provided.
- an insulation deterioration diagnosis mode in which the load device 3 is driven at a constant frequency in the control device 2 may be provided.
- the load device 3 driven by the inverter is an electric motor
- the drive rotational speed of the electric motor is set to a high speed unless there are special restrictions on the load environment or the driving environment of the electric motor.
- an electric motor can control a drive rotation speed by controlling a drive voltage frequency, and the drive rotation speed and the drive voltage frequency are in a proportional relationship.
- V / f constant control is often employed in which the ratio between the drive voltage applied to each phase of the electric motor and the drive voltage frequency is controlled to be constant.
- the drive voltage frequency is increased, the drive voltage applied to each phase of the electric motor is increased, so that the current leaked through the insulation resistance is inevitably increased, and the insulation deterioration diagnosis is easily performed.
- the stroke that can be freely moved is short, such as a stage movement of a transfer machine or a lathe of a processing machine, the drive rotation speed cannot be increased, and the drive rotation speed of the electric motor may be set to a low-speed rotation. In such a case, the contents described in the first to third embodiments are effective.
- FIG. FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing an insulation deterioration diagnosis apparatus 105 according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- a plurality of electric circuits 6a, 6b, 6c are connected between the inverter device 1 and the load device 3 driven by the inverter.
- three electric circuits are used, and in the case of single-phase driving, two electric circuits are used.
- the ground terminal of the inverter device 1 and the ground terminal of the load device 3 may be connected by an earth wire.
- the inverter device 1 has a function of modulating a DC signal input from a previous converter or the like based on a command signal from the control device 2, and outputs an AC signal having an amplitude and a frequency commanded by the control device 2.
- the load device 3 is driven in accordance with an AC signal input from the inverter device 1 through the electric circuits 6a, 6b, and 6c. Examples of the inverter-driven load device 3 include an electric motor, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), an electromagnetic cooker, and lighting.
- UPS uninterruptible power supply
- the insulation deterioration diagnosis device 105 includes a plurality of (here, two) zero-phase current transformers 4, 31, a current detector 5, a frequency calculation circuit 7, a conversion determination circuit 32, a processing circuit 90, and a display. 11 and the like.
- the zero-phase current transformers 4 and 31 are provided in the middle of the electric circuits 6a, 6b, and 6c, and have a function of detecting the zero-phase current in the power supply circuit.
- the zero-phase current indicates a leakage current that flows to the ground through an insulation resistance.
- the zero-phase current transformers 4 and 31 detect a zero-phase current obtained by summing the three-phase currents (Ia + Ib + Ic) flowing through the load device 3, and an annular magnetic core and a detection wound around the magnetic core Consists of coils and the like.
- the three electric paths 6a, 6b, 6c to be detected are arranged so as to penetrate the inside of the magnetic core.
- the current detector 5 has a function of detecting a current waveform supplied to the load device 3, and is constituted by, for example, a shunt resistor or a current transformer using a Hall element or a magnetoresistive element (MR element). .
- a voltage detector that detects a voltage waveform supplied to the load device 3 may be used.
- the frequency calculation circuit 7 has a function of calculating the drive frequency fd of the load device 3 based on the current waveform measured by the current detector 5, and is configured by, for example, a frequency counter.
- the conversion determination circuit 32 is configured by, for example, a microprocessor, and outputs an output signal from any of the plurality of zero-phase current transformers 4 and 31 based on the calculation result of the frequency calculation circuit 7. Use it to determine whether to diagnose insulation deterioration.
- the processing circuit 90 performs output signal processing of the zero-phase current transformer 4 and insulation deterioration diagnosis, and in this embodiment, includes a synchronous detection circuit 9 and an insulation deterioration diagnosis circuit 10.
- the synchronous detection circuit 9 extracts the same frequency component as the drive frequency fd from the output signal of the detection coil 17 of the zero-phase current transformer 4 using the drive frequency fd calculated by the frequency calculation circuit 7.
- the insulation deterioration diagnosis circuit 10 is composed of, for example, a microprocessor and performs insulation deterioration diagnosis based on an output signal from the synchronous detection circuit 9.
- the display 11 displays the result of the insulation deterioration diagnosis, and is composed of, for example, a display.
- a safety device such as an earth leakage breaker, an earth leakage relay, or a warning buzzer may be used, and a means in accordance with the operation method after the insulation deterioration diagnosis of the load device 3 can be appropriately selected.
- one or more zero-phase current transformers 31 are installed in addition to the zero-phase current transformer 4.
- the zero-phase current transformers 4 and 31 have different magnetic saturation levels.
- the volume of the magnetic core of the zero-phase current transformer 31 is larger than the volume of the magnetic core of the zero-phase current transformer 4. large.
- the zero-phase current transformer 31 When measuring a low-frequency zero-phase current, the lower the frequency of the zero-phase magnetic field, the more easily the magnetic core of the zero-phase current transformer becomes magnetically saturated. When magnetic saturation occurs, the waveform of the current flowing through the detection coil cannot reproduce the waveform of the zero-phase current. As a result, the measurement accuracy of the zero-phase current transformer 4 decreases. In order to prevent this, it is preferable to use a zero-phase current transformer that does not cause magnetic saturation even for a low-frequency zero-phase magnetic field. Accordingly, by providing the zero-phase current transformer 31 having a magnetic core volume larger than that of the zero-phase current transformer 4, it is possible to accurately measure the low-frequency zero-phase current.
- a zero-phase current transformer 31 having a larger magnetic core volume is added, and depending on the drive frequency fd of the load device 3, whichever A conversion determination circuit 32 is provided for determining whether to diagnose insulation deterioration using the outputs of the zero-phase current transformers 4 and 31.
- the threshold frequency for determining which of the zero-phase current transformers 4 and 31 is used is arbitrarily set by the user in consideration of the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the drive frequency fd of the load device 3. May be.
- the threshold frequency can be set according to the number of zero-phase current transformers to be used.
- the zero-phase current transformer 31 when measuring a low-frequency zero-phase current, by using the zero-phase current transformer 31 in which the volume of the magnetic core is changed so as not to be magnetically saturated by the zero-phase magnetic field, The zero-phase current can be measured with high sensitivity without depending on the drive frequency fd.
- FIG. FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing an insulation deterioration diagnosis apparatus 106 according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- a plurality of electric circuits 6a, 6b, 6c are connected between the inverter device 1 and the load device 3 driven by the inverter.
- three electric circuits are used, and in the case of single-phase driving, two electric circuits are used.
- the ground terminal of the inverter device 1 and the ground terminal of the load device 3 may be connected by an earth wire.
- the inverter device 1 has a function of modulating a DC signal input from a previous converter or the like based on a command signal from the control device 2, and outputs an AC signal having an amplitude and a frequency commanded by the control device 2.
- the load device 3 is driven in accordance with an AC signal input from the inverter device 1 through the electric circuits 6a, 6b, and 6c. Examples of the inverter-driven load device 3 include an electric motor, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), an electromagnetic cooker, and lighting.
- UPS uninterruptible power supply
- the insulation deterioration diagnosis device 106 includes a zero-phase current transformer 4, a current detector 5, a frequency calculation circuit 7, a temperature control circuit 33, a processing circuit 90, a display 11, and the like.
- the zero-phase current transformer 4 is provided in the middle of the electric circuits 6a, 6b, and 6c, and has a function of detecting the zero-phase current in the power supply circuit.
- the zero-phase current indicates a leakage current that flows to the ground through an insulation resistance.
- the zero-phase current transformer 4 detects a zero-phase current obtained by summing three-phase currents (Ia + Ib + Ic) flowing through the load device 3, and includes an annular magnetic core and a detection coil wound around the magnetic core. Consists of.
- the three electric paths 6a, 6b, 6c to be detected are arranged so as to penetrate the inside of the magnetic core.
- the current detector 5 has a function of detecting a current waveform supplied to the load device 3 and is constituted by, for example, a shunt resistor or a current transformer using a Hall element or a magnetoresistive element (MR element). .
- a voltage detector that detects a voltage waveform supplied to the load device 3 may be used.
- the frequency calculation circuit 7 has a function of calculating the drive frequency fd of the load device 3 based on the current waveform measured by the current detector 5, and is configured by, for example, a frequency counter.
- the temperature control circuit 33 has a function of adjusting the sensitivity of the zero-phase current transformer 4 by controlling the temperature of the magnetic core included in the zero-phase current transformer 4 based on the calculation result of the frequency calculation circuit 7. Have.
- the processing circuit 90 performs output signal processing of the zero-phase current transformer 4 and insulation deterioration diagnosis, and in this embodiment, includes a synchronous detection circuit 9 and an insulation deterioration diagnosis circuit 10.
- the synchronous detection circuit 9 extracts the same frequency component as the drive frequency fd from the output signal of the detection coil 17 of the zero-phase current transformer 4 using the drive frequency fd calculated by the frequency calculation circuit 7.
- the insulation deterioration diagnosis circuit 10 is composed of, for example, a microprocessor and performs insulation deterioration diagnosis based on an output signal from the synchronous detection circuit 9.
- the display 11 displays the result of the insulation deterioration diagnosis, and is composed of, for example, a display.
- a safety device such as an earth leakage breaker, an earth leakage relay, or a warning buzzer may be used, and a means in accordance with the operation method after the insulation deterioration diagnosis of the load device 3 can be appropriately selected.
- a heater wire is wound around the magnetic core included in the zero-phase current transformer 4, and the magnetic core is heated using Joule heat generated by energizing the heater as a heat source.
- position temperature sensors such as a thermocouple, as a temperature monitor of a magnetic body core.
- the magnetic core of the zero-phase current transformer 4 is uniformly heated to prevent magnetic saturation with respect to the low-frequency and minute zero-phase magnetic field. The sensitivity of the current transformer 4 can be lowered.
- insulation deterioration diagnosis circuit 10 by associating the relationship among the temperature, magnetic characteristics, and frequency of the magnetic core in advance and providing the insulation deterioration diagnosis circuit 10 with a function that can perform mutual calculations during measurement, insulation deterioration diagnosis can be performed. it can.
- a mechanism for cooling the magnetic core for example, a natural cooling means or a forced cooling means such as a fan may be provided. Further, the temperature of the installation environment (space) of the zero-phase current transformer 4 may be controlled so as to obtain a correlation between the environmental temperature and the temperature of the magnetic core.
- the temperature of the magnetic core included in the zero-phase current transformer 4 is adjusted so as not to be magnetically saturated by the zero-phase magnetic field. Since the sensitivity of the zero-phase current transformer 4 can be adjusted, the zero-phase current can be measured with high sensitivity without depending on the drive frequency fd.
- FIG. FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram showing an insulation deterioration diagnosis apparatus 107 according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
- the insulation deterioration diagnosis device 107 according to the present embodiment has the same configuration as that of the insulation deterioration diagnosis device 106 according to the sixth embodiment, but a magnetic substance included in the zero-phase current transformer 4 instead of the temperature control circuit 33.
- a pressure control circuit 33 for changing the stress applied to the core is provided.
- a piezoelectric element is attached to the magnetic core of the zero-phase current transformer 4, and the internal stress of the magnetic core can be controlled in accordance with the applied voltage of the piezoelectric element.
- the magnetic properties of a magnetic material change with a change in stress, and the magnetic permeability (BH curve slope) also changes.
- a change in magnetic properties accompanying this change in stress is utilized.
- insulation deterioration diagnosis circuit 10 by associating the relationship among the internal stress, magnetic characteristics and frequency of the magnetic core in advance, and providing the insulation deterioration diagnosis circuit 10 with a function capable of performing mutual computation during measurement, insulation deterioration diagnosis is performed. Can do.
- amorphous FeSiB or the like has reversibility in magnetic properties against stress due to external strain.
- the internal stress of the magnetic core included in the zero-phase current transformer 4 is adjusted so as not to be magnetically saturated by the zero-phase magnetic field.
- the sensitivity of the zero-phase current transformer 4 can be adjusted, so that the zero-phase current can be measured with high sensitivity without depending on the drive frequency fd.
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Abstract
Description
環状の磁性体コア、該磁性体コアに巻回された励磁コイル、および該磁性体コアに巻回された検出コイルを有し、電路の零相電流を検出するための零相変流器と、
負荷機器の駆動周波数の2倍以上の周波数を有する交流電流を励磁コイルに供給して、磁性体コアを励磁するための励磁制御回路と、
検出コイルの出力信号から、所定の周波数成分を抽出するための周波数抽出回路と、を備える。
周波数抽出回路は、検出コイルの出力信号から、駆動周波数と同じ周波数成分を抽出することが好ましい。
互いに異なる磁気飽和レベルを有し、電路の零相電流を検出するための複数の零相変流器と、
負荷機器に給電される電流波形または電圧波形を検出するための検出器と、
該検出器の出力信号に基づいて、負荷機器の駆動周波数を算出するための周波数演算回路と、
周波数演算回路の演算結果に基づいて、複数の零相変流器のうち何れの零相変流器からの出力信号を用いて絶縁劣化診断するかを判定する変換判定回路と、を備える。
電路の零相電流を検出するための零相変流器と、
負荷機器に給電される電流波形または電圧波形を検出するための検出器と、
該検出器の出力信号に基づいて、負荷機器の駆動周波数を算出するための周波数演算回路と、
周波数演算回路の演算結果に基づいて、零相変流器の感度を調整するための感度調整手段と、を備える。
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る絶縁劣化診断装置101を示す構成図である。インバータ装置1と、インバータ駆動される負荷機器3との間には、複数の電路6a,6b,6cが接続される。例えば、三相駆動の場合は3本の電路を使用し、単相駆動の場合は2本の電路を使用する。なお、インバータ装置1のグランド端子と負荷機器3のグランド端子とは、アース線で結線されていても構わない。
図5は、本発明の実施の形態2に係る絶縁劣化診断装置102を示す構成図である。本実施形態に係る絶縁劣化診断装置102は、実施の形態1に係る絶縁劣化診断装置101と同様な構成を有するが、同期検波回路9の代わりに、零相変流器4の出力信号から、磁性体コア15の励磁周波数feの2倍波成分(2×fe)を抽出するための2倍波検波回路12を使用している。
図7は、本発明の実施の形態3に係る絶縁劣化診断装置103を示す構成図である。本実施形態に係る絶縁劣化診断装置103は、実施の形態1に係る絶縁劣化診断装置101と同様な構成を有するが、周波数演算回路7と励磁制御回路8の間に動作判定回路13を追加している。
図8は、本発明の実施の形態4に係る絶縁劣化診断装置104を示す構成図である。本実施形態に係る絶縁劣化診断装置104は、実施の形態3に係る絶縁劣化診断装置103と同様な構成を有するが、周波数演算回路7と動作判定回路13の間に診断判定回路14を追加している。
図9は、本発明の実施の形態5に係る絶縁劣化診断装置105を示す構成図である。インバータ装置1と、インバータ駆動される負荷機器3との間には、複数の電路6a,6b,6cが接続される。例えば、三相駆動の場合は3本の電路を使用し、単相駆動の場合は2本の電路を使用する。なお、インバータ装置1のグランド端子と負荷機器3のグランド端子とは、アース線で結線されていても構わない。
図10は、本発明の実施の形態6に係る絶縁劣化診断装置106を示す構成図である。インバータ装置1と、インバータ駆動される負荷機器3との間には、複数の電路6a,6b,6cが接続される。例えば、三相駆動の場合は3本の電路を使用し、単相駆動の場合は2本の電路を使用する。なお、インバータ装置1のグランド端子と負荷機器3のグランド端子とは、アース線で結線されていても構わない。
図11は、本発明の実施の形態7に係る絶縁劣化診断装置107を示す構成図である。本実施形態に係る絶縁劣化診断装置107は、実施の形態6に係る絶縁劣化診断装置106と同様な構成を有するが、温度制御回路33の代わりに、零相変流器4に含まれる磁性体コアに印加される応力を変化させるための圧力制御回路33を設けている。
5 電流検出器、 6a,6b,6c 電路、 7 周波数演算回路、
8 励磁制御回路、 9 同期検波回路、 10 絶縁劣化診断回路、
11 表示器、 12 2倍波検波回路、 13 動作判定回路、
14 診断判定回路、 15 磁性体コア、 16 励磁コイル、
17 検出コイル、 32 変換判定回路、33 温度制御回路、
34 応力制御回路、 90 処理回路、 101~107 絶縁劣化診断装置。
Claims (9)
- インバータ装置とインバータ駆動される負荷機器との間に接続された電路の絶縁劣化を診断する装置であって、
環状の磁性体コア、該磁性体コアに巻回された励磁コイル、および該磁性体コアに巻回された検出コイルを有し、電路の零相電流を検出するための零相変流器と、
負荷機器の駆動周波数の2倍以上の周波数を有する交流電流を励磁コイルに供給して、磁性体コアを励磁するための励磁制御回路と、
検出コイルの出力信号から、所定の周波数成分を抽出するための周波数抽出回路と、を備えたことを特徴とする絶縁劣化診断装置。 - 負荷機器に給電される電流波形または電圧波形を検出するための検出器をさらに備え、該検出器の出力信号に基づいて、励磁コイルに供給する電流を制御することを特徴とする請求項1記載の絶縁劣化診断装置。
- 前記検出器の出力信号に基づいて、駆動周波数を算出するための周波数演算回路をさらに備え、
周波数抽出回路は、検出コイルの出力信号から、駆動周波数と同じ周波数成分を抽出することを特徴とする請求項2記載の絶縁劣化診断装置。 - 周波数抽出回路は、磁性体コアの励磁周波数の2倍波成分を抽出することを特徴とする請求項2記載の絶縁劣化診断装置。
- 周波数演算回路の演算結果に基づいて、励磁制御回路の動作可否を判定するための動作判定回路をさらに備えたことを特徴とする請求項2記載の絶縁劣化診断装置。
- 周波数演算回路の演算結果に基づいて、絶縁劣化診断の動作可否を判定するための診断判定回路をさらに備えたことを特徴とする請求項2記載の絶縁劣化診断装置。
- インバータ装置とインバータ駆動される負荷機器との間に接続された電路の絶縁劣化を診断する装置であって、
互いに異なる磁気飽和レベルを有し、電路の零相電流を検出するための複数の零相変流器と、
負荷機器に給電される電流波形または電圧波形を検出するための検出器と、
該検出器の出力信号に基づいて、負荷機器の駆動周波数を算出するための周波数演算回路と、
周波数演算回路の演算結果に基づいて、複数の零相変流器のうち何れの零相変流器からの出力信号を用いて絶縁劣化診断するかを判定する変換判定回路と、を備えたことを特徴とする絶縁劣化診断装置。 - インバータ装置とインバータ駆動される負荷機器との間に接続された電路の絶縁劣化を診断する装置であって、
電路の零相電流を検出するための零相変流器と、
負荷機器に給電される電流波形または電圧波形を検出するための検出器と、
該検出器の出力信号に基づいて、負荷機器の駆動周波数を算出するための周波数演算回路と、
周波数演算回路の演算結果に基づいて、零相変流器の感度を調整するための感度調整手段と、を備えたことを特徴とする絶縁劣化診断装置。 - 磁気飽和変更手段は、零相変流器に含まれる磁性体コアの温度、または磁性体コアに印加される応力を変更することによって、零相変流器の感度を調整することを特徴とする請求項8記載の絶縁劣化診断装置。
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TW201205096A (en) | 2012-02-01 |
CN102812369A (zh) | 2012-12-05 |
US9030210B2 (en) | 2015-05-12 |
DE112011101326T5 (de) | 2013-01-31 |
KR20120134140A (ko) | 2012-12-11 |
TWI432747B (zh) | 2014-04-01 |
DE112011101326B4 (de) | 2019-04-04 |
JP5414890B2 (ja) | 2014-02-12 |
US20120319699A1 (en) | 2012-12-20 |
JPWO2011129218A1 (ja) | 2013-07-18 |
KR101434079B1 (ko) | 2014-08-25 |
CN102812369B (zh) | 2014-12-10 |
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