WO2011096518A1 - 流体系の温度推定方法および装置、ならびに、流体系における物質成分の濃度および温度推定方法 - Google Patents

流体系の温度推定方法および装置、ならびに、流体系における物質成分の濃度および温度推定方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011096518A1
WO2011096518A1 PCT/JP2011/052383 JP2011052383W WO2011096518A1 WO 2011096518 A1 WO2011096518 A1 WO 2011096518A1 JP 2011052383 W JP2011052383 W JP 2011052383W WO 2011096518 A1 WO2011096518 A1 WO 2011096518A1
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Prior art keywords
temperature
estimation
concentration
fluid system
point
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
功一 ▲高▼橋
誠 安藤
一哉 浅野
修司 久山
隆之 福井
博巳 国守
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
    • B22D2/006—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass for the temperature of the molten metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangement of monitoring devices; Arrangement of safety devices
    • F27D21/0014—Devices for monitoring temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
    • G01K7/42—Circuits effecting compensation of thermal inertia; Circuits for predicting the stationary value of a temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C2300/00—Process aspects
    • C21C2300/06—Modeling of the process, e.g. for control purposes; CII
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a temperature estimation method in a fluid system in which heat supply and heat discharge are steadily or unsteadily, a concentration and temperature estimation method of substance components in the fluid system, and a temperature distribution of the fluid system using the temperature estimation method of the fluid system
  • the present invention relates to an estimation method, a fluid system temperature monitoring method, a molten metal temperature control method for a molten metal facility, a concentration and temperature estimation method for a molten metal facility, and a fluid system temperature estimation device.
  • the temperature In order to monitor the temperature distribution of the fluid in the fluid system in a fluid system with fluid facilities for industrial processes or spaces separated by walls, the temperature should be sufficient in number and arrangement to capture the characteristics of the temperature distribution. It is necessary to arrange a temperature measuring means including a thermometer for measuring the temperature in the fluid.
  • a temperature measuring means including a thermometer for measuring the temperature in the fluid.
  • fluid facilities and industrial structures in industrial processes often have complicated shapes, and there are places where thermometers cannot be placed. Further, temperature measurement may be limited even when the fluid is hot or highly corrosive, and it is often impossible to install temperature measurement means with a sufficient number and arrangement to know the temperature distribution.
  • a water temperature distribution display device that displays wake vector data obtained by a tide meter in combination with a wake that is position data obtained by a navigation device and water temperature data obtained by a water temperature meter (for example, Patent Document 2). reference).
  • Non-Patent Document 1 calculates the distance l i between the position of the measured point i and the estimated point, weights the measured point with the larger distance l i so that the weight becomes smaller, and estimates the estimated point as a weighted average.
  • various values such as temperature are estimated using the following equation (1) weighted by the power of the reciprocal of the distance (l / l i ).
  • Te I is the estimated temperature at the estimated point
  • l i is the distance between the temperature measured point i and the estimated point
  • u is a parameter that takes a positive value
  • T i is the measured value measured at the temperature measured point i. It is a temperature value.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 uses a weight based only on the distance l i between the temperature measurement point i and the temperature estimation point j, and uses the weighted average to estimate the temperature. Does not reflect the effect of fluid flow. For this reason, in a fluid system that has a very large flow contribution to heat transport, such as in an actual fluid process, the same temperature distribution is estimated even though the temperature distribution differs greatly between when the flow velocity is large and when it is small. Therefore, it is difficult to apply to a fluid system in which heat transport by fluid flow is dominant.
  • the temperature distribution estimation method disclosed in Patent Document 1 can be applied only to a one-dimensional fluid flow target, and is difficult to apply to a fluid system having a three-dimensional fluid flow field.
  • Patent Document 2 Although it is described in Patent Document 2 that the water temperature distribution has a correlation with the direction of the tidal current and the speed thereof, it is disclosed how to specifically obtain the correlation to obtain the water temperature distribution. It has not been. For this reason, the accuracy of the estimation of the non-measurement point required by the fluid system cannot be obtained, and the water temperature data and the tidal vector data are assumed only on the two-dimensional sea surface. It is difficult to apply to a fluid system having a field.
  • a boundary condition is constructed based on the measured temperature value of the sensor and the like, and the designated designation in the room using either one of the equation relating to heat conduction or the Naviestokes equation. It is assumed that the environmental state of the location is estimated.
  • the method using the equation relating to heat conduction or the Naviestokes equation in principle, only the temperature at the downstream side as viewed from the temperature measurement point can be estimated. Therefore, in order to estimate the temperature distribution of the entire fluid system, it is essential to place sensors at the most upstream position of the air flow, that is, all the positions such as the window where air flows into the room and the outlet of the air conditioning equipment. It becomes. Therefore, it is difficult to apply to a fluid system in which a sensor cannot be disposed at a fluid inflow position.
  • the present invention has been devised in view of the above circumstances, and even for a fluid system having a complicated three-dimensional flow field, the arrangement of temperature measuring devices is limited only from a plurality of limited measured temperatures. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fluid system temperature estimation method capable of estimating the temperature of the entire fluid without giving any fluid.
  • a fluid system temperature estimation method is a fluid system temperature estimation method for supplying and / or discharging heat, wherein two or more arbitrary temperatures set in the fluid system are used.
  • the temperature measurement step of measuring the fluid temperature by the temperature measurement means disposed at the temperature actual measurement point, and the temperature obtained by experiment or numerical fluid simulation at an arbitrary temperature estimation point set in the fluid system Including an estimation step of obtaining an index related to the flow field of the fluid system at the temperature estimation point, and estimating the temperature of the temperature estimation point based on the index and the temperature measured in the temperature measurement step.
  • the index is a time required for the fluid to move between the temperature measurement point and the temperature estimation point.
  • the indicator is a downstream transmission time required for the fluid to move from the temperature measurement point to the temperature estimation point
  • the fluid is Upstream transmission time required to move from the temperature estimation point to the temperature measurement point
  • the estimation step calculates a weight function that is a monotonically non-increasing function with respect to the downstream transmission time and the upstream transmission time. And calculating a weight of the temperature measurement point with respect to the temperature estimation point, and estimating a weighted average of the weight and the measured temperature as the temperature of the temperature estimation point.
  • the estimation step includes calculating the downstream transmission time and the upstream transmission time when calculating a weight function of the temperature measurement point with respect to the temperature estimation point.
  • the smaller value is selected as the minimum transmission time, the weight of the temperature measurement point with respect to the temperature estimation point is calculated using a weight function that is a monotonous non-increasing function with respect to the minimum transmission time, and the weight is measured.
  • a weighted average with the actually measured temperature is estimated as the temperature of the temperature estimation point.
  • the fluid system temperature estimation method of the present invention is the fluid system temperature estimation method according to the above invention, wherein heat supply and / or heat discharge is performed non-steadily, and the temperature estimation time at the temperature estimation point is calculated.
  • An estimation time designation step for designating wherein the temperature measurement step measures the fluid temperature at the temperature measurement point in time series, and the estimation step includes the temperature estimation time, the downstream transmission time, and the upstream side.
  • a weighted average of the measured temperature and the weight at the temperature measurement point at the extraction time determined based on the transmission time is estimated as the temperature of the temperature estimation point, and the extraction time is monotonous with respect to the downstream transmission time. It is a non-increasing function and is a monotonous non-decreasing function with respect to the temperature estimation time and the upstream transmission time.
  • the extraction time may be the temperature estimation time when the downstream transmission time is smaller between the downstream transmission time and the upstream transmission time.
  • the upstream transmission time is smaller than the upstream transmission time
  • the time before the upstream transmission time is smaller than the temperature estimation point. Is estimated.
  • the temperature at the extraction time is calculated from the measured time-series temperature measurement value.
  • the temperature at the temperature estimation point is estimated as an actually measured temperature at the extraction time after interpolation and extrapolation, or the temperature measured at a time closest to the extraction time is used as the actual temperature at the extraction time. It is characterized by estimating temperature.
  • the fluid system temperature estimation method of the present invention is the above invention, wherein the fluid system is hot-dip zinc in a hot-dip galvanizing pot, and the estimating step includes the step of measuring the temperature of the hot-dip zinc in the hot-dip galvanizing pot.
  • the weight is calculated using the time required to move between the actual measurement point and the temperature estimation point as the index, and the temperature in the hot dip galvanizing pot is determined using the molten zinc temperature measured in the temperature measurement step as the actual measurement temperature.
  • the molten zinc temperature at the estimated point is estimated.
  • the fluid system temperature distribution estimation method is a fluid system temperature distribution estimation method for supplying and / or discharging heat, and all temperature estimations set using the method described above.
  • the temperature of the point is estimated, and the temperature distribution of the fluid system is obtained by interpolating the actually measured temperature based on the estimated temperature.
  • the present invention is also a method for controlling a hot dip galvanizing temperature in a hot dip galvanizing pot, wherein the hot dip galvanizing temperature is determined from the hot dip galvanizing temperature in the hot dip galvanizing pot estimated by the fluid system temperature estimation method described above.
  • the temperature extraction step of extracting the temperature of molten zinc in a predetermined region in the plating pot the determination step of determining whether or not the extracted temperature is within a predetermined threshold range, and the extracted in the determination step
  • the hot dip galvanized steel sheet of the present invention is characterized by being manufactured using the hot dip galvanizing temperature control method in the hot dip galvanizing pot described above.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for controlling the temperature of molten zinc in a hot dip galvanizing pot and controlling the concentration of aluminum in the molten zinc, and the concentration estimation and temperature estimation of the substance component in the fluid system according to any one of the above
  • the present invention is also a fluid system temperature estimation device that performs heat supply and heat discharge continuously or intermittently, and at two or more arbitrary temperature measurement points set in the fluid system, the temperature measurement points
  • Temperature measuring means for measuring the fluid temperature of the fluid
  • storage means for storing an index related to the flow field of the fluid system at a temperature estimation point arbitrarily set in the fluid system, obtained by experimental or numerical fluid simulation
  • Temperature estimation means for estimating the temperature of the temperature estimation point based on the actually measured temperature measured by the temperature measurement means and an index related to the flow field of the temperature estimation point stored in the storage means.
  • the index is a time required for the fluid to move between the temperature measurement point and the temperature estimation point.
  • the storage unit stores temperature distribution data obtained by interpolating an actual measurement temperature based on the temperature estimated by the temperature estimation unit.
  • Temperature data extraction means for extracting the temperature distribution data of the cross section, and visualizing the extracted temperature distribution data, and display means for displaying the temperature distribution data of any cross section extracted and visualized by the temperature data extraction means, It is characterized by providing.
  • the temperature data extraction means extracts and extracts the temperature of the fluid in a predetermined region in the fluid system from the temperature distribution data.
  • Determining means for determining whether or not the temperature is within a predetermined threshold range; and when the determining means determines that the extracted temperature is outside the threshold range, the extracted temperature is within the threshold range.
  • a control means for operating the output of the fluid heating means.
  • the temperature of the fluid is estimated based on the index related to the flow field of the fluid system at the temperature estimation point obtained experimentally or by numerical fluid simulation, so that heat transport by the fluid flow is dominant.
  • the temperature can be accurately estimated even for a fluid system.
  • the present invention can be applied not only to a simple one-dimensional flow fluid system but also to a fluid system having a wide range of fluid states, including a fluid system having a complicated three-dimensional flow.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a fluid system model.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the downstream transmission time in the fluid system of FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a correlation diagram of temperature and time for calculating the downstream transmission time in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating upstream transmission time in the fluid system of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a correlation diagram of temperature and time for calculating the upstream transmission time in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a procedure for calculating the weight W using the numerical thermal fluid simulation.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart according to the temperature estimation process using the weight calculated in FIG. FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of temperature estimation processing in a fluid system in which heat supply and / or heat discharge is performed non-steadyly using the weights calculated in FIG.
  • FIG. 9 is a side view conceptually showing a water tank to which the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 10 is a top view of the water tank of FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of the fluid temperature estimation apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • 12 is a diagram showing a temperature distribution in a horizontal section passing through the center of the water tank in FIG.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a temperature distribution in a horizontal section passing through the center of the aquarium estimated using the conventional method (reverse distance weighting method).
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an additional installation position of the thermometer in the water tank.
  • FIG. 15a is a diagram showing the time transition of the temperature measured at the position P-11 in the water tank.
  • FIG. 15b is a diagram showing the time transition of the temperature measured at the position P-12 in the water tank.
  • FIG. 15c is a diagram showing a time transition of the temperature measured at the position P-13 in the water tank.
  • FIG. 15d is a diagram showing the time transition of the temperature measured at the position P-14 in the water tank.
  • FIG. 15e is a diagram showing the time transition of the temperature measured at the position P-15 in the water tank.
  • FIG. 15f is a diagram showing the time transition of the temperature measured at the position P-16 in the water tank.
  • FIG. 15a is a diagram showing the time transition of the temperature measured at the position P-11 in the water tank.
  • FIG. 15b is a diagram showing the time transition of the temperature measured at the position P-12 in the water tank.
  • FIG. 15c is
  • FIG. 16a is a diagram showing a temperature distribution in a horizontal section passing through the center of the water tank in FIG. 9 (one minute after the inflow water temperature change).
  • FIG. 16b is a diagram showing a temperature distribution in a horizontal section passing through the center of the water tank of FIG. 9 (after 2 minutes from the change in inflow water temperature).
  • FIG. 16c is a diagram showing a temperature distribution in a horizontal section passing through the center of the water tank in FIG. 9 (after 3 minutes from the change in inflow water temperature).
  • FIG. 16d is a diagram showing a temperature distribution in a horizontal section passing through the center of the water tank in FIG. 9 (4 minutes after the change in inflow water temperature).
  • FIG. 16e is a diagram showing a temperature distribution in a horizontal section passing through the center of the water tank in FIG. 9 (after 5 minutes from the inflow water temperature change).
  • FIG. 16f is a diagram showing a temperature distribution in a horizontal section passing through the center of the water tank in FIG. 9 (six minutes after the inflow water temperature change).
  • FIG. 17 is a side view conceptually showing a hot dip galvanizing pot to which the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 18 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of the fluid temperature estimation apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a view showing a temperature distribution in a predetermined vertical section from the side wall surface of the hot dip galvanizing pot of FIG. FIG.
  • FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of a fluid system model.
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram for explaining the downstream transmission time in the fluid system of FIG.
  • FIG. 22 is a correlation diagram of temperature and time for calculating the downstream transmission time in FIG.
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating upstream transmission time in the fluid system of FIG.
  • FIG. 24 is a correlation diagram of temperature and time for calculating the upstream transmission time in FIG.
  • FIG. 25 is an example of a flowchart showing a procedure for calculating the weight W using the numerical fluid simulation.
  • FIG. 26 is an example of a flowchart showing a procedure for calculating the temperature estimation weight in FIG.
  • FIG. 27 is an example of a flowchart showing a procedure for calculating weights for density estimation in FIG.
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram for explaining the downstream transmission time in the fluid system of FIG.
  • FIG. 22 is a correlation diagram of temperature and time for calculating the downstream transmission time in FIG.
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram
  • FIG. 28 is a flowchart according to the temperature and concentration estimation process using the weight W calculated in FIG.
  • FIG. 29 is a side view conceptually showing a hot dip galvanizing pot to which the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 30 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of the fluid-system temperature concentration estimation apparatus according to the first modification of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 31 is a diagram showing an aluminum concentration distribution in the hot dip in a predetermined vertical section from the center of the sink roll axis of the hot dip galvanizing pot of FIG.
  • FIG. 32 is a perspective view of a hot metal holding furnace to which the present invention is applied.
  • 33 is a partial side view of the hot metal holding furnace of FIG. FIG.
  • FIG. 34 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of the fluid temperature estimation apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 35 is a view showing a temperature distribution in a predetermined vertical section from the side wall surface of the hot metal holding furnace of FIG.
  • FIG. 36 is a perspective view of a tundish to which the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 37 is a part of the right side view of the tundish of FIG.
  • FIG. 38 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of the fluid temperature estimation apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 39 is a diagram showing a temperature distribution in a predetermined vertical section from the side wall surface of the tundish of FIG.
  • the fluid system means a fluid that is a target of temperature estimation or concentration estimation, and surrounding parts that affect the flow behavior, thermal behavior, and substance concentration behavior of the target fluid, such as a fluid container, a structure in the fluid, A system including a heating device, a fluid inflow / outflow site, and the like.
  • the fluid refers to a substance having fluidity such as a solid particle group such as a solid in addition to a liquid or a gas that does not have a certain shape such as a liquid or a gas. Shall be included.
  • the present invention is applied to an object in which the flow of a fluid system is particularly important, for example, a fluid facility in which a container in which a fluid flows is partially partitioned by a partition plate.
  • a fluid facility in which a container in which a fluid flows is partially partitioned by a partition plate.
  • weight is calculated using only the geometric information of the distance between the temperature estimation point and the temperature measurement point as an index, and the temperature is estimated by weighted averaging. Since temperature estimation is performed using the linear distance between the temperature estimation point and the temperature measurement point as an index regardless of the presence or absence of the partition plate, a continuous temperature distribution beyond the partition plate is estimated.
  • the actual temperature is not preferable because the fluid flow is blocked by the partition plate in the fluid facility and becomes discontinuous with the partition plate as a boundary, so that a temperature distribution greatly different from the actual temperature distribution is estimated.
  • Equation (2) the relationship between the temperature measured value T i of the estimated temperature Te j and the temperature measured point i of the temperature estimation point j is expressed by Equation (2).
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a fluid system model in which a fluid is contained in a container having an open top.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1ij in the fluid system of FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a correlation diagram of temperature and time for calculating the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1ij in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the upstream transmission time ⁇ 2ij in the fluid system of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a correlation diagram of temperature and time for calculating the upstream transmission time ⁇ 2ij in FIG.
  • the heat transfer from the temperature measurement point i arranged at the position P-1 shown by the black circle to the temperature estimation point j arranged at the position P-2 shown by the white circle is the fluid 4 shown by the broken line arrow in FIG. It moves as a solid arrow along with the flow of.
  • the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1ij required for the predetermined amount of heat to move from the temperature measurement point i to the temperature estimation point j is caused to generate heat at a position P-1 that is the temperature measurement point i as shown in FIG. It can be performed by measuring the heat (solid arrow in FIG. 2) moving from P-1 along with the flow of the fluid 4 at a position P-2 that is the temperature estimation point j.
  • the time required for the temperature to rise from the initial temperature T 0 to the threshold temperature T C at the temperature estimation point j can be calculated as the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1ij .
  • the movement of heat from the temperature estimation point j arranged at the position P-2 indicated by the white circle to the temperature measurement point i arranged at the position P-1 indicated by the black circle is indicated by a broken line arrow in FIG. It moves as indicated by the solid line arrow along with the flow of the fluid 4 shown.
  • the upstream transmission time ⁇ 2ij required for the predetermined amount of heat to move from the temperature estimation point j to the temperature measurement point i is caused to generate heat at a position P-2 that is the temperature estimation point j. This is performed by measuring the heat (solid line arrow in FIG. 4) that moves with the flow of the fluid 4 from P-2 at a position P-1 that is the temperature measurement point i.
  • the time required for the temperature to rise from the initial temperature T 0 to the threshold temperature T C at the temperature measurement point i can be calculated as the upstream transmission time ⁇ 2ij .
  • the transmission time can be calculated by measuring the electrolyte concentration, which is the solute of the fluid, with an electric conductivity meter.
  • the temperature measurement point i and the temperature estimation point j of the fluid system are set.
  • an electrolyte such as salt is introduced at the position of the temperature measurement point i, and the electrolyte concentration is measured using the electric conductivity meter at the temperature estimation point j. .
  • the time ⁇ 1ij required from when the electrolyte is added to when the electrolyte concentration exceeds a certain threshold is measured with an electric conductivity meter.
  • the transmission time can also be calculated by performing a numerical simulation similar to the above experiment using a numerical fluid simulation.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a procedure for calculating the weight W ( ⁇ 1ij , ⁇ 2ij ) using the numerical fluid simulation.
  • the initial temperature T 0 (unit K) is given to the entire fluid system (step S105), and the heat generation amount S (unit W) is set at the position of the temperature measurement point i (step S106).
  • the temperature distribution is unsteadyly calculated (step S107), and the temperature rise behavior at the temperature estimation point j is calculated.
  • the time ⁇ 1ij taken until the temperature reaches T C from T 0 is recorded (step S108).
  • ⁇ 1ij is the downstream transmission time. Since the initial temperature T 0 (unit K) is a value that does not affect the transmission time, any value may be given.
  • the weighting function W ( ⁇ 1ij, ⁇ 2ij) becomes a monotonically non-increasing function of tau 1ij for any tau 2ij, and such that the monotonically non-increasing function of tau 2ij for any tau 1ij It is a function. That is, it is a function which becomes the following formula (3).
  • the optimal function form of W ( ⁇ 1ij , ⁇ 2ij ) varies depending on the spatial scale, flow velocity scale, temperature measurement point arrangement interval, etc. of the fluid system. It is most desirable to use a Gaussian distribution function using the minimum transmission time shown in Equation (4).
  • the weight function W is expressed by Equation (4). Is replaced with a Gaussian distribution function using the downstream transmission time (the following equation (5)).
  • the weight function W is expressed by the equation (4).
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart according to the temperature estimation process using the weight W ij calculated by the process of FIG.
  • Is acquired from the database step S203.
  • a temperature estimation time ta that is a time for estimating the temperature is designated.
  • the temperature estimated time ta after determining the extraction time tb ij by the downstream-side transmission time tau 1ij and the upstream transmission time tau 2ij is indicative of the fluid system of the flow field, it is preferable to estimate the temperature Te j.
  • the temperature at the temperature estimation point j is calculated using the weight W ij and the measured temperature value T i (tb ij ) at the extraction time tb ij .
  • the temperature estimation process at the temperature estimation point j will be described with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart related to the temperature estimation process using the measured temperature value T i (tb ij ) at the weight W ij calculated by the process of FIG. 6 and the extraction time tb ij .
  • a temperature estimation point j for estimating the temperature is designated (step S302), and a temperature estimation time ta that is a time for estimating the temperature is designated (step S303).
  • tb (ta, tau 1ij, tau 2ij) as shown in the following equation (8), monotone nonincreasing function and ta of tau 1ij, a monotonically non-decreasing function of tau 2ij.
  • the extraction time function tb (ta, ⁇ 1ij , ⁇ 2ij ) can be of various functional systems, but the extraction time function tb ij that can be used for a relatively wide range of objects is preferably expressed by the following equation (9). That is, if the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1ij is smaller than the upstream transmission time ⁇ 2ij , the extraction time tb ij is the time before the temperature estimation time ta by the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1ij , and the upstream transmission time ⁇ 2ij is downstream. If it is shorter than the transmission time ⁇ 1ij, the time after the upstream transmission time from the temperature estimation time ta is set as the extraction time tb ij .
  • the temperature at the extraction time is interpolated or extrapolated from the known temperature data, or measured at the time closest to the extraction time tb ij the temperature may be between the temperature measured value T i (tb ij).
  • T i the temperature measured value
  • the temperature at the extraction time is interpolated or extrapolated from the known temperature data, or measured at the time closest to the extraction time tb ij the temperature may be between the temperature measured value T i (tb ij).
  • T i the temperature measured value at the temperature is estimated in real time
  • all the actual temperature measured values T i in the time after the current time are unknown.
  • the upstream transmission time tau 2ij is smaller than the downstream transmission time tau 1ij
  • extraction time tb ij is than the current time for a subsequent time
  • the actually measured temperature value T i is unknown.
  • the current time t may be used as the extraction time tb ij
  • the currently measured temperature T i (t) may be used as the actually measured temperature
  • temperature estimation points j 1 to M, M is an integer of 2 or more) are arranged throughout the fluid system, and the weights W ij for the temperature measurement points i are set to the respective temperature estimation points j.
  • the temperature Te j at the estimated point j can be calculated to instantaneously estimate the temperature distribution of the entire fluid system.
  • the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1ij and the upstream transmission time ⁇ 2ij are stored in the database, and heat supply and / or heat discharge is performed.
  • the extraction time tb ij considering the flow field of the fluid system is determined by the temperature estimation time ta, the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1ij and the upstream transmission time ⁇ 2ij .
  • the temperature measured at a plurality of temperature estimation points j can be obtained simply by substituting the measured temperature value T i (tb ij ) and weight W ij of the extraction time tb ij into the equation (10).
  • Te j can be calculated to instantaneously estimate the temperature distribution of the entire fluid system. Therefore, it can be fully used for online monitoring of industrial processes that require real-time calculation, and can be used for operation management and control mechanisms. Further, in the present invention, since the temperature at an arbitrary position of the fluid system can be estimated, it is possible to acquire the temperature of a part where temperature measurement is difficult, and it is possible to accurately grasp the temperature in the fluid system. Become.
  • the temperature estimation point j may be arranged by spatial decomposition that can reproduce the phenomenon of interest.
  • the temperature estimation method of the present invention even if the space between the estimated points of the space is rough, the temperature estimation accuracy of each point does not deteriorate, so a resolution that can reproduce all physical phenomena is not necessarily required. It may be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of temperature estimation points.
  • the visualization may be expressed as an isoline diagram connecting points of the same temperature with a curve, or the isoline diagram may be colored or the temperature may be indicated only by color coding.
  • the temperature distribution is calculated by the above method using the temperature distribution at two different times t and t + ⁇ t ( ⁇ t> 0), and the temperature estimated value at time t is subtracted from the temperature estimated value at time t + ⁇ t. It is also effective to calculate and display the measured values.
  • this method a positive value is obtained when the temperature rises with time, and a negative value is obtained when the temperature is lowered. Therefore, the distribution of temperature changes can be easily grasped.
  • the optimum time width ⁇ t varies depending on the time scale of the phenomenon to be observed.
  • the estimated temperature value Te j by the method of equations (9) and (10) for estimating the temperature of the fluid system in which heat supply and / or heat discharge is performed non-steadyly is used. It is preferable.
  • FIG. 9 is a side view conceptually showing a water tank to which the first embodiment of the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 10 is a top view of the water tank of FIG.
  • the water tank 100 has a rectangular parallelepiped container 110 having a depth direction of 1 m, a width direction of 1 m, and a depth of 0.5 m, and the container 110 is filled with water.
  • Pipes 101 and 102 are arranged at both left corners of the water tank 100 so that water is injected. Water at 10 ° C. is injected from the pipe 101 and water at 50 ° C. is injected from the pipe 102.
  • a pipe 103 is also arranged at the center on the right hand side of the water tank 100 so that the same amount of water flowing out from the pipes 101 and 102 flows out.
  • thermometer 106 (106-1, 106-2, 106-3, 106-4, 106-5, 106-6) is located at the positions (P-11, P-12, P-13, P-14, P-15, P-16). The arrangement of the thermometer 106 in the depth direction was set at a position that is exactly the center depth of the water tank 100.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of the fluid temperature estimation apparatus 200 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the temperature estimation device 200 includes an input unit 201, a display unit 202, a storage unit 203, and a control unit 204.
  • the input unit 201 inputs information necessary for temperature estimation of the water tank 100.
  • the input unit 201 is realized using a keyboard, a touch panel, a mouse, or the like. Information input by the operator via the input unit 201 is input to the control unit 204.
  • the calculation of the transmission time in steps S103 to S112 in FIG. 6 was performed with an initial temperature of water of 27 ° C., a calorific value of 2,200 kW, and a threshold temperature of 28 ° C.
  • the temperature estimation points j are arranged throughout the water tank at intervals of 0.04 m.
  • Table 1 shows measured temperatures at each position (P-11, P-12, P-13, P-14, P-15, P-16) in the water tank 100 by the thermometer 106.
  • the temperature estimation unit 205 uses the temperature measurement data shown in Table 1 and the weight W ij calculated by the equation (11) and stored in the storage unit 203 to set the temperature of the temperature estimation point j set for the entire aquarium 100. Estimate Te j .
  • the temperature estimation unit 205 creates a temperature data obtained by adding the position information of the temperature estimation point j on the estimated temperature, it interpolates the measured temperature T i temperature measured point i measured by the thermometer 106 by the temperature data Temperature distribution data.
  • the control unit 204 stores the temperature distribution data in the storage unit 203.
  • FIG. 13 shows an extracted isoline diagram obtained by extracting the distribution.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a temperature distribution in a horizontal section passing through the center of the water tank 100 estimated using the conventional method (reverse distance weighting method).
  • l ij is a linear distance between the temperature measurement point i and the temperature estimation point j
  • the temperature of the entire water tank 100 is estimated using the temperature measurement data shown in Table 1 and the weight W ij ′ calculated by the equation (12), and passes through the center of the water tank 100. The temperature distribution in the horizontal section was extracted and converted into an isoline diagram.
  • thermometer 106 (106-7, 106-8, 106-9) is additionally provided in the water tank 100 as shown in FIG.
  • the temperature is measured at each position (P-17, P-18, P-19) where the thermometer 106 is additionally installed, and the positions P-17, P-18, The temperature of P-19 was estimated.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an additional installation position of the thermometer 106 in the water tank 100.
  • positioning of the depth direction of the water tank 100 of the additional thermometer was made into the position used as the exact center depth of the water tank 100.
  • thermocouple 305 (305-1, 305-2, 305-3, 305-4, 305-5, 305-6, 305-7, 305-8) is a side wall surface (paper surface) of the plating pot 301 in FIG. It is the distance from the wall parallel to the surface of the sink roll and located on the front side of the paper.
  • FIG. 18 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of the fluid temperature estimation apparatus 400 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the flow field and the transmission time ⁇ ij are calculated using a numerical fluid simulation.
  • the numerical fluid simulation used the finite volume method and the standard k- ⁇ turbulence model as the turbulence model.
  • the transmission time ⁇ ij was calculated as an initial temperature in the plating pot 301 of 480 (° C.), a calorific value of 2,200 (kW), and a threshold temperature of 481 (° C.).
  • the temperature estimation points j were arranged in a grid pattern with an interval of 0.2 (m), and were arranged throughout the molten zinc bath.
  • the temperature data extraction unit 406 extracts, from the temperature distribution data stored in the storage unit 403, estimated temperature data of an arbitrary cross section of the plating pot 301 set in advance or designated by the operator via the input unit 401. , Plot the contour.
  • a difference value from the average temperature in the cross section may be calculated, and the difference value may be converted into an isoline diagram.
  • FIG. 19 shows an isoline diagram of a difference value from the average temperature of the molten zinc bath in a vertical cross section of 300 mm from the side wall surface of the plating pot 301.
  • the temperature distribution result of the molten zinc bath by the method of the second embodiment also reflects the influence of the flow in the molten zinc, and the second embodiment shows the flow effect of the molten zinc. Considered temperature distribution can be constructed.
  • the problem of causing dross on the surface of the sink roll and causing a steel sheet surface defect can be prevented by setting the temperature of the molten zinc in the portion in contact with the sink roll 302 within a predetermined range.
  • the defect of the steel plate surface can also be prevented by setting the molten zinc temperature in the region surrounded by the upper part of the sink roll 302 and the steel plate 303 within a predetermined range.
  • the temperature control unit 408 operates the output of the induction heating device 306 and the steel plate 303 entering the hot dip galvanizing pot 300.
  • the temperature may be controlled to control the molten zinc temperature in a predetermined region.
  • the temperature of the steel sheet 303 entering the hot dip galvanizing pot 300 can be controlled by appropriately adjusting the output of the heating / cooling equipment in the annealing furnace, which is a pre-process of the hot dip galvanizing pot 300.
  • Modification 1 of Embodiment 2 As a first modification of the second embodiment, an estimation apparatus that simultaneously estimates the temperature in the hot dip galvanizing pot and the aluminum concentration is illustrated.
  • the surface defects of the steel sheet are affected by the aluminum concentration in the hot dip galvanizing pot in addition to the hot dip zinc temperature, so the hot dip zinc temperature is estimated by the method of Embodiment 2 and the same method as the temperature estimation is used.
  • the hot dip zinc temperature is estimated by the method of Embodiment 2 and the same method as the temperature estimation is used.
  • the surface defect of a steel plate can be prevented effectively.
  • the estimation of the aluminum concentration in the hot dip galvanizing pot is similar to the estimation of the hot dip galvanizing temperature.
  • the time ⁇ 2pq required to move from the point q to the concentration measurement point p is used as an index for concentration estimation.
  • the relationship between the concentration C p of estimated concentration Ce q and the density measured point p of the concentration estimate point q is expressed by the formula (14).
  • ⁇ 1pq is the time required for the fluid to move in the direction of the concentration estimation point q on the downstream side of the flow as viewed from the concentration measurement point p
  • ⁇ 2pq is called the upstream transmission time because it is the time required for the fluid to move from the direction of the concentration estimation point q on the upstream side of the flow as viewed from the concentration measurement point p.
  • the downstream transmission time and the upstream pair of transmission time it is referred to as a transmission time.
  • the transmission time may be an index corresponding to the time required for the fluid to move from the concentration measurement point p to the concentration estimation point q and the time required for the fluid to move from the concentration estimation point q to the concentration measurement point p by advection diffusion. Any method may be used, and the definition method is not particularly limited.
  • the time required for the fluid to move between two points in the fluid system is equivalent to the time required for the heat energy in the fluid and the substance component contained in the fluid to move between the two points. It is known. Therefore, the transmission time can be calculated by actually measuring or calculating the concentration of the fluid and the concentration and temperature of the component dissolved in the fluid. Therefore, the time required for the substance component to move from the concentration measurement point p to the concentration estimation point q by advection diffusion is the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1pq, and the substance component moves from the concentration estimation point q to the concentration measurement point p. The time required can also be defined as upstream transmission time ⁇ 2pq .
  • FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of a fluid system model in which a fluid is contained in a container having an open top.
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1pq in the fluid system of FIG.
  • FIG. 22 is a correlation diagram of concentration and time for calculating the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1pq in FIG.
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram for explaining the upstream transmission time ⁇ 2pq in the fluid system of FIG.
  • FIG. 24 is a correlation diagram of concentration and time for calculating the upstream transmission time ⁇ 2pq in FIG.
  • the fluid system 51 accommodates the fluid 54 in a container 52 that is open at the top, and a partition plate 53 that blocks the flow of the fluid 54 is disposed inside the container 52.
  • a concentration measurement point p indicated by a black circle is arranged on the left side in the container 52
  • a density estimation point q indicated by a white circle is arranged on the right side.
  • the fluid 54 in the container 52 flows from the left to the right in the vicinity of the upper liquid level, once descends at the partition plate 53, then rises, and then descends again from the upper part to the lower part on the right wall surface. In the vicinity, the flow changes from the right to the left, and again flows from the bottom to the top on the left wall.
  • the movement of the substance component from the concentration measurement point p arranged at the position P-51 indicated by the black circle to the concentration estimation point q arranged at the position P-52 indicated by the white circle is the fluid indicated by the broken line arrow in FIG. It moves as indicated by a solid arrow along with the flow of 54.
  • the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1pq required for the substance component to move from the concentration measurement point p to the concentration estimation point q supplies the substance component at a position P-51 which is the concentration measurement point p. This can be done by measuring the substance component (solid arrow in FIG. 21) that moves with the flow of the fluid 54 from the position P-51 at the position P-52 that is the concentration estimation point q.
  • the movement of the substance component from the concentration estimation point q arranged at the position P-52 indicated by a white circle to the concentration measurement point p arranged at the position P-51 indicated by the black circle is indicated by a broken line arrow in FIG. It moves as indicated by the solid line arrow along with the flow of the fluid 54 shown in FIG.
  • the upstream transmission time ⁇ 2pq required for the substance component to move from the concentration estimation point q to the concentration measurement point p supplies the substance component at a position P-52 which is the concentration estimation point q.
  • the measurement is performed by measuring the substance component (solid arrow in FIG.
  • the transmission time can be calculated by supplying heat to the fluid and measuring the temperature rise with a thermometer.
  • the concentration measurement point p and the concentration estimation point q of the fluid system are set, and heat is first generated at the position of the concentration measurement point p, and the temperature is measured using a thermometer at the position of the concentration estimation point q.
  • the time ⁇ 1pq required from when the heat is generated until the fluid temperature exceeds a certain threshold is measured.
  • heat is generated at a concentration estimate point q, the temperature measured at the position of the concentrations measured point p, by measuring the time tau 2pq to more than the threshold value, transmission time ( ⁇ 1pq, ⁇ 2pq) actually measuring the Can do.
  • the transmission time can also be calculated by performing a numerical simulation similar to the above experiment using a numerical fluid simulation.
  • FIG. 25 is a numeric weight W using the fluid simulation ( ⁇ 1ij, ⁇ 2ij) and the weight W ( ⁇ 1pq, ⁇ 2pq) is a flowchart showing a procedure of calculating.
  • FIG. 26 is an example of a flowchart showing a procedure for calculating the temperature estimation weight W ij in FIG.
  • FIG. 27 is an example of a flowchart showing a procedure for calculating the weight Wpq for concentration estimation in FIG.
  • a representative boundary condition of a fluid system is set using a numerical fluid simulation (step S401), and then a flow field is calculated by a fluid analysis solver based on the set boundary condition (step S402).
  • a weight W ij for temperature measurement of the fluid system is calculated (step S403), and then a weight W pq for concentration measurement is calculated (step S404).
  • the calculation of the weight Wij for temperature measurement is performed as shown in the flow of FIG. Steps S501 to S512 shown in FIG. 26 are the same as steps S103 to S114 shown in FIG.
  • the initial concentration C 0 (mass%) is given to the entire fluid system (step S603), and the substance component supply amount S (kg / s) is set at the position of the concentration measurement point p (step S604).
  • the concentration distribution is unsteadyly calculated (step S605), and the concentration rising behavior at the concentration estimation point q is calculated.
  • the density at the density estimation point q reaches the threshold density C C (mass%)
  • the time ⁇ 1pq required for the density to reach C C from C 0 is recorded (step S606).
  • ⁇ 1pq is the downstream transmission time. Since the initial concentration C 0 (mass%) is a value that does not affect the transmission time, any value may be given.
  • the optimum values differ depending on the target fluid system.
  • step S607 After the initial concentration C 0 is given to the entire fluid system (step S607), the substance component supply amount S (kg / s) is given to the position of the concentration estimation point q (step S608), and the concentration distribution is unsteady.
  • the calculation is performed (step S609), and the time ⁇ 2pq required for the concentration at the concentration measurement point p to reach C C from C 0 is recorded (step S610).
  • ⁇ 2pq is the upstream transmission time.
  • the transfer time between the concentration measured point p and concentration estimation point q ( ⁇ 1pq, ⁇ 2pq)
  • W such as described later Gaussian distribution function ( ⁇ 1pq, ⁇ 2pq) Is used to calculate the weight W pq (step S611).
  • the weighting function W ( ⁇ 1pq, ⁇ 2pq) becomes a monotonically non-increasing function of tau 1Pq for any tau 2pq, and such that the monotonically non-increasing function of tau 2pq for any tau 1Pq It is a function. That is, the function is represented by the following equation (15).
  • the tau min in equation (16) is the minimum transfer time is defined as the smaller value of ( ⁇ 1pq, ⁇ 2pq).
  • ⁇ is a standard deviation of the Gaussian distribution.
  • the weight is given.
  • the function W uses a Gaussian distribution function (the following equation (17)) using the downstream transmission time instead of the equation (16).
  • the weight Wpq between the two is calculated (step S611).
  • the calculated weight W ij and weight W pq are stored as a database (step S405).
  • FIG. 28 is a flowchart according to the temperature estimation and concentration estimation processing using the weight W ij and the weight W pq calculated by the processing of FIG.
  • the temperature estimation of all concentrations estimated point q to calculate the estimated temperature Ce q until the end step S710).
  • FIG. 29 is a side view conceptually showing a hot dip galvanizing pot to which the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 30 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration example of the temperature concentration estimation apparatus 400A.
  • the temperature estimation of the molten zinc in the hot dip galvanizing pot 300A of FIG. 29 by the temperature concentration estimating apparatus 400A, the estimation of the aluminum concentration in the molten zinc, and the visualization of the temperature distribution and the concentration distribution will be described.
  • the capacity of molten zinc in the plating pot 301 is 250 (t), the operation conditions are a line speed of 130 (mpm), and a plate width of 1,500 (mm).
  • the hot dip galvanizing pot 300A includes an induction heating device 306 that melts the ingot 304 to form hot dip zinc. Zinc and aluminum consumed by adhesion to the steel plate 303 are replenished by charging the ingot 304.
  • eight sample collection positions (P-21, P-22, P-23, P-24) in the plating pot 301 are used.
  • thermocouples 305 (305-1, 305-2, 305-3, 305-4, 305-5, 305-6, 305-7, 305-8) Was installed.
  • Table 5 shows sample collection positions. Sample collection positions (P-21, P-22, P-23, P-24, P-25, P-26, P-27, P-28) are vertical sections through the center of the sink roll 302 axis in FIG. This represents the distance (front direction) from.
  • the installation position of the thermocouple 305 is the same as in the second embodiment (see Table 3 above).
  • the flow field, the transmission time ⁇ ij , and the transmission time ⁇ pq were calculated using numerical fluid simulation as in the first and second embodiments.
  • the numerical fluid simulation used the finite volume method and the standard k- ⁇ turbulence model as the turbulence model.
  • the transmission time ⁇ ij is calculated as the initial temperature 480 (° C.) in the plating pot 301, the calorific value 2,200 (kW), and the threshold temperature 481 (° C.), and the transmission time ⁇ pq is the initial aluminum concentration in the plating pot 301
  • the calculated weight W ij and weight W pq are stored as a database in the storage unit 403 shown in FIG. Alternatively , the transmission time ⁇ ij and the transmission time ⁇ pq may be stored and calculated each time according to the equation (21).
  • Table 6 shows the actual measured values of the concentration of aluminum in the molten zinc contained in the plating pot 301 analyzed off-line by high frequency inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectroscopy for the sample collected at the sample collection position shown in FIG. Shown in The measured temperature value of the molten zinc in the plating pot 301 measured by the thermocouple 305 installed at the sample collection position shown in FIG. 29 is the same as that in the second embodiment (see Table 4 above).
  • ICP inductively coupled plasma
  • the aluminum concentration of the molten zinc bath analyzed off-line is input via the input unit 401 by the operator.
  • the temperature estimation unit 405 uses the temperature actual measurement data shown in Table 4 and the weight W ij calculated by the equation (21) and stored in the storage unit 403 as a database, and the temperature estimation point j set for the entire plating pot 301.
  • the molten zinc concentration is calculated.
  • the concentration estimation unit 409 uses the actually measured aluminum concentration data shown in Table 6 and the weight W pq calculated by Equation (21) and stored as a database in the storage unit 403 to estimate the concentration set for the entire plating pot 301.
  • the aluminum concentration at point q is calculated.
  • the concentration estimation unit 409 creates concentration data obtained by adding the position information of the concentration estimation point q to the estimated concentration, and collects the analyzed actual concentration C p collected and analyzed at the sample collection position (concentration actual measurement point p). Interpolated into density distribution data.
  • the control unit 404A stores the density distribution data in the storage unit 403.
  • the concentration data extraction unit 410 is preset from the concentration distribution data stored in the storage unit 403 or the aluminum concentration in the molten zinc in any cross section of the plating pot 301 specified by the operator via the input unit 401. Extract distribution data and plot it as an isoline diagram. Alternatively, after calculating the aluminum average concentration of the molten zinc bath from the extracted concentration data, a difference value from the average concentration in the cross section may be calculated, and the difference value may be converted into an isoline diagram.
  • the temperature estimation unit 405 uses the temperature measurement data of molten zinc shown in Table 4 and the weight W ij calculated as equation (21) and stored in the storage unit 403 as a database, and the temperature estimation set for the entire plating pot 301. Calculate the temperature of point j. Further, the temperature estimation unit 405 creates temperature data obtained by adding the position information of the temperature estimation point j to the estimated temperature, and interpolates the measured temperature T i of the temperature measured point i measured by the thermocouple 305 based on the temperature data. Temperature distribution data.
  • the control unit A404 stores the temperature distribution data in the storage unit 403.
  • the temperature data extraction unit 406 extracts, from the temperature distribution data stored in the storage unit 403, estimated temperature data of an arbitrary cross section of the plating pot 301 set in advance or designated by the operator via the input unit 401. , Plot the contour.
  • FIG. 31 shows an isoline diagram of a difference value from the aluminum average concentration of the molten zinc bath in a vertical cross section of 1.5 mm from the center of the sink roll axis of the plating pot 301 (300 mm from the side wall surface of the plating pot 301). (See FIG. 19 for an isoline diagram of the difference value from the average temperature of the molten zinc bath in the vertical section).
  • the results of the aluminum concentration distribution of the molten zinc bath and the temperature distribution of the molten zinc by the method of the first modification well reflect the influence of the flow of the molten zinc.
  • the molten zinc temperature and aluminum concentration distribution can be constructed taking into account the flow effect of molten zinc.
  • the control unit 404 ⁇ / b> A includes a temperature estimation unit 405, a temperature data extraction unit 406, a concentration estimation unit 409, and a concentration data extraction unit 410, as well as temperature determination.
  • the temperature determination unit 407 is a predetermined region, for example, a location where the surface of the steel plate 303 that affects surface defects contacts the molten zinc, a location where the sink roll 302 and the molten zinc contact, and the upper portion of the sink roll 302 and the steel plate 303. It is determined whether or not the molten zinc temperature in the enclosed region is within a predetermined threshold.
  • the threshold value of the molten zinc temperature is input to the temperature determination unit 407 in advance or is input by the operator via the input unit 401, and the temperature determination unit 407 extracts the molten zinc in a predetermined region extracted by the temperature data extraction unit 406. It is determined whether the temperature is within the threshold.
  • the temperature control unit 408 operates the output of the induction heating device 306 so that the temperature of the molten zinc is within the threshold range.
  • the concentration determination unit 411 is a predetermined region in the plating pot 301, for example, a location where the surface of the steel plate 303 that affects surface defects contacts the molten zinc, a location where the sink roll 302 and the molten zinc contact, It is determined whether or not the aluminum concentration in the molten zinc in the region surrounded by the upper portion and the steel plate 303 is within a predetermined threshold.
  • the threshold value of the aluminum concentration is input in advance to the concentration determination unit 411 or input by the operator via the input unit 401, and the concentration determination unit 411 contains the molten zinc in the predetermined area extracted by the concentration data extraction unit 410. It is determined whether the aluminum concentration is within a threshold set as the target concentration of aluminum in the molten zinc bath.
  • the display unit 402 warns the operator by displaying that the aluminum concentration of the molten zinc bath is outside the threshold value.
  • the operator can control the aluminum concentration in a region where the aluminum concentration in the plating pot 301 easily affects surface defects by increasing or decreasing the aluminum supply amount based on the warning. It becomes. Further, by operating the induction heating device 306, it is possible to control the molten zinc temperature in a region where the molten zinc temperature tends to affect surface defects. Thereby, the surface defect of the steel plate 303 can be prevented.
  • the molten zinc temperature and the aluminum concentration of the molten zinc bath in an arbitrary cross section of the plating pot 301 can be visualized, so that the molten zinc temperature distribution and the aluminum concentration distribution can be captured visually.
  • the aluminum concentration of the molten zinc bath at an arbitrary position of the plating pot 301 can be estimated, it is possible to obtain the aluminum concentration in the vicinity of the steel plate or the sink roll, which is difficult to sample.
  • the temperature of the molten zinc in the hot dip galvanizing pot is estimated from equation (19), and the aluminum concentration in the molten zinc is estimated from equation (20).
  • the temperature estimation time and the concentration estimation time are designated as in Modification 1 of Embodiment 1, and the extraction time used for temperature and concentration estimation is set. If the temperature and concentration are estimated using the measured temperature Ti and the measured concentration Ci of the extraction time, the estimation can be performed with higher accuracy.
  • FIG. 32 is a perspective view of a hot metal holding furnace 500 to which the present invention is applied.
  • 33 is a partial side view of the hot metal holding furnace of FIG.
  • the hot metal holding furnace 500 includes a holding furnace 501 for containing hot metal, a raw material charging port 502 for charging the raw material, and an induction heating device 504 for heating the hot metal. Moreover, the liquid level 503 of the hot metal accommodated in the holding furnace 501 is indicated by a dotted line.
  • platinum-based thermocouples 505 505-1, 505-2, 505-3, 505) are placed in 10 places in the holding furnace 501. -4, 505-5, 505-6, 505-7, 505-8, 505-9, 505-10) were installed and the temperature was measured.
  • the hot metal holding furnace 500 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a width of 5 m, a height of 5 m, and a length of 10 m, and four induction heating devices 504 are provided at the lower part of the hot metal holding furnace 500.
  • Hot metal 1,000 (t) was charged into the hot metal holding furnace 500, and 15 tons of scrap was charged from the upper raw material charging port 502.
  • the hot metal holding furnace 500 is filled with hot metal, and the induction heating device 504 compensates for the latent heat of scrap and the amount of cooling from the molten metal surface / wall surface.
  • thermocouple 505 is arranged at a position of 1.25 m from the wall surfaces on both sides including the long side, that is, at a position that becomes a distance of 1/4 with respect to the molten iron holding furnace width, and five locations along each side wall. It is arranged.
  • the arrangement of the thermocouple 505 is as shown in FIG. 33.
  • FIG. 33 shows only a portion of the hot metal holding furnace 500 filled with hot metal, and the thermocouples 505-1 to 505-5 are on the near side. 505-6 to 10 are disposed on the back side.
  • the flow field and the transmission time ⁇ ij are calculated using a numerical fluid simulation.
  • the fluid simulation used a finite volume method and a standard k- ⁇ model as a turbulent flow model.
  • four induction heating devices 504 were heated at 2 MW, and cooling conditions for the bath surface were given so as to obtain a heat balance.
  • the buoyancy of hot metal was taken into account using the Bushnesque approximation.
  • the temperature estimation points j are arranged in a grid pattern every 1 (m), and are arranged throughout the holding furnace 501.
  • the calculated weight W ij is stored as a database in the storage unit 603 shown in FIG. Alternatively , the transmission time ⁇ ij may be stored and calculated each time using equation (22).
  • FIG. 34 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of the fluid temperature estimation apparatus 600 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, the temperature estimation of the hot metal in the hot metal holding furnace 500 shown in FIG. 32 and visualization of the temperature distribution by the temperature estimation device 600 will be described.
  • Table 7 shows the actually measured temperature of the hot metal in the holding furnace 501 measured by each thermocouple 505 shown in FIG.
  • the temperature estimation unit 605 calculates the temperature estimated for the hot metal holding furnace 500 as a whole using the actual temperature data of the hot metal shown in Table 7 and the weight W ij calculated as equation (22) and stored in the storage unit 603 as a database. Calculate the temperature of point j. Further, the temperature estimation unit 605 creates temperature data obtained by adding the position information of the temperature estimation point j to the estimated temperature, and uses the temperature data to calculate the measured temperature T i of the temperature measured point i measured by the platinum-based thermocouple 505. Interpolated into temperature distribution data. The control unit 604 stores the temperature distribution data in the storage unit 603.
  • the temperature data extraction unit 606 extracts, from the temperature distribution data stored in the storage unit 603, estimated temperature data of an arbitrary cross section of the hot metal holding furnace 500 that is preset or designated by the operator via the input unit 601. And plot it as an isoline diagram. Alternatively, after calculating the average temperature of the hot metal from the extracted temperature data, a difference value from the average temperature in the cross section may be calculated, and the difference value may be converted into an isoline diagram.
  • FIG. 35 shows an isoline diagram of the difference value from the average temperature of the hot metal in a vertical cross section (cross section in which the thermocouple is disposed) which is 1.25 m from the side wall surface of the holding furnace 501 in the length direction.
  • the temperature distribution result of the hot metal holding furnace according to the method of the third embodiment well reflects the influence of the hot metal flow in the holding furnace 501 and the state of temperature drop due to scrap charging.
  • Form 3 can confirm that a temperature distribution considering the flow effect can be constructed.
  • the transmission time ⁇ ij or the weighting function W ij is created in advance, it is only necessary to perform the weighted average calculation from the actually measured temperature value when calculating and visualizing the estimated temperature. It could be within 1 second. Therefore, online temperature distribution can be visualized.
  • the wall surface is covered with a refractory, and the refractory is always in contact with the hot metal.
  • the hot metal temperature in contact with the refractory changes rapidly, a large thermal stress is generated in the refractory, causing a problem of refractory damage. Therefore, it is preferable to control the hot metal temperature so that the hot metal temperature at the location in contact with the wall surface is within a predetermined threshold.
  • the temperature estimation apparatus 600 determines whether or not the hot metal temperature in a predetermined region, that is, a location in contact with the inner wall surface of the hot metal holding furnace 500 is within a predetermined threshold value.
  • a temperature control unit 608 for controlling the hot metal temperature by operating the output of the induction heating device 504 of the hot metal holding furnace 500.
  • the threshold value of the hot metal temperature is input in advance to the determination unit 607 or input through the input unit 601 by the operator.
  • the determination unit 607 determines whether or not the hot metal temperature in the predetermined region extracted by the temperature data extraction unit 606 is within a threshold set as a target temperature of the hot metal temperature in the hot metal holding furnace 500.
  • the temperature control unit 608 causes the induction heating device of the hot metal holding furnace 500 so that the temperature in a predetermined region of the hot metal in the hot metal holding furnace 500 is within the threshold range. Manipulate the output of 504. According to the third embodiment, by controlling the induction heating device 504 by the temperature control unit 608, it is possible to control the hot metal temperature so as to prevent refractory damage covering the wall surface of the hot metal holding furnace 500.
  • FIG. 36 is a perspective view of a tundish to which the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 37 is a part of the right side view of the tundish of FIG.
  • the tundish 700 heats the container 701 for containing the molten steel 702, the nozzle 703 for injecting the molten steel 702 from the ladle, the outflow holes 704 to the two molds, and the molten steel 702. And a plasma heating device 707 for controlling the temperature.
  • the liquid level 706 of the molten steel accommodated in the container 701 is shown with a dotted line.
  • molten steel 702 is injected from the ladle through the nozzle 703 as indicated by arrow S1, and molten steel 702 is injected into the mold via the outflow hole 704 as indicated by arrow S2.
  • thermocouples 705 705-1 to 705-5) are installed at five locations on the right side of the container 701 to measure the temperature. did.
  • the tundish 700 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a lateral length of 8 m, a depth of 1 m, and a height of 1 m, and a nozzle 703 that injects molten steel 702 from a ladle into the upper center of the tundish 700.
  • the two-strand specification has an outflow hole 704 to the mold at both ends in the length direction.
  • the molten steel 702 is cooled through the bath surface and wall surface of the upper portion of the molten steel 702. Therefore, the temperature of the molten steel 702 injected from the ladle is lowered as it flows toward the mold.
  • the thermocouples 705 are arranged on the vertical plane at a position just in the center from the wall surfaces on both sides including the long side, and are arranged at five locations on the right side as shown in FIG. In the fourth embodiment, attention is paid only to the right side portion of the tundish 700, and the measured data of the five points on the right side are used.
  • the flow field and the transmission time ⁇ ij are calculated using a numerical fluid simulation.
  • the fluid simulation used the finite volume method, and the standard k- ⁇ turbulence model was used as the turbulence model. Further, using the symmetry of the tundish 700, only the right half is taken out to estimate the temperature of the molten steel.
  • the temperature estimation points j are arranged in a grid pattern every 0.2 (m), and are arranged throughout the tundish 700.
  • the calculated weight W ij is stored as a database in the storage unit 803 shown in FIG. Alternatively , the transmission time ⁇ ij may be stored and calculated each time using equation (23).
  • FIG. 38 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration example of the fluid temperature estimation apparatus 800 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, the temperature estimation of the molten steel in the tundish 700 in FIG. 37 and the visualization of the temperature distribution by the temperature estimation device 800 will be described.
  • Table 8 shows the actually measured temperature of the molten steel in the container 701 measured by each thermocouple 705 shown in FIG.
  • the temperature estimation unit 805 uses the temperature measurement data of molten steel shown in Table 8 and the weight W ij calculated as Equation (23) and stored as a database in the storage unit 803, and the temperature estimation point set for the entire tundish 700 Calculate the temperature of j.
  • the temperature estimation unit 805 creates a temperature data obtained by adding the position information of the temperature estimation point j on the estimated temperature, the measured temperature T i temperature measured point i, which is measured by the thermocouple 705 and interpolated by the temperature data Temperature distribution data.
  • the temperature distribution data is created, and the control unit 804 stores the temperature distribution data in the storage unit 803.
  • the temperature data extraction unit 806 extracts, from the temperature distribution data stored in the storage unit 803, estimated temperature data of an arbitrary cross section of the tundish 700 that is preset or designated by the operator via the input unit 801. , Plot the contour.
  • a difference value from the average temperature in the cross section may be calculated, and the difference value may be converted into an isoline diagram.
  • FIG. 39 shows an isoline diagram of the difference value from the average temperature of the molten steel in the right half of the vertical cross section (cross section in which the thermocouple is disposed) at the center of the tundish 700 in the depth direction.
  • the temperature distribution result of the tundish 700 by the method of the fourth embodiment well reflects the influence of the molten steel flow in the tundish 700, and the fourth embodiment considers the flow effect. It can be confirmed that the constructed temperature distribution can be constructed.
  • the transmission time ⁇ ij or the weight W ij is created in advance, it is only necessary to perform the weighted average calculation from the actually measured temperature at the time of temperature estimation / visualization. It can be within seconds, and online temperature distribution visualization is also possible.
  • the temperature of the molten steel 702 at the location in contact with the inner wall surface of the tundish 700 can be easily grasped.
  • the wall surface of the tundish 700 is covered with a refractory material, and the refractory material is always in contact with hot molten steel.
  • it is preferable to control the molten steel temperature so that the molten steel temperature at the location in contact with the wall surface is within a predetermined threshold.
  • the temperature control is performed by operating the output of the plasma heating device 707 so as to be within a predetermined threshold based on the molten steel temperature in contact with the wall surface obtained from the visualization result of FIG. 39, the refractory covering the tundish wall surface Damage can be prevented.
  • the temperature estimation apparatus 800 has a predetermined region, that is, whether or not the molten steel temperature at a location in contact with the refractory covering the inner wall surface of the tundish 700 is within a predetermined threshold value.
  • a temperature control unit 808 that controls the molten steel temperature by operating the output of the plasma heating device 707 of the tundish 700.
  • the threshold value of the molten steel temperature is input in advance to the determination unit 807 or input by the operator via the input unit 801.
  • the determination unit 807 determines whether or not the molten steel temperature in the predetermined region extracted by the temperature data extraction unit 806 is within a threshold value.
  • the temperature control unit 808 When the determination unit 807 determines that the molten steel temperature in the predetermined region is outside the threshold range, the temperature control unit 808 operates the output of the plasma heating device 707 so that the molten steel temperature in the predetermined region is within the threshold range. According to the fourth embodiment, it is possible to control the molten steel temperature by operating the plasma heating device 707 by the temperature control unit 808, so that it is possible to prevent refractory damage covering the inner wall surface of the tundish 700. .
  • a temperature estimation method a temperature distribution estimation method, a temperature monitoring method, a molten metal temperature control method, and a molten metal temperature control method, such as a water bath, a hot dip galvanizing pot, a molten metal holding furnace, and a tundish
  • concentration and temperature estimation methods have been described, the present invention is not limited to these.
  • the temperature estimation method of the fluid system of the present invention the concentration and temperature estimation method of the substance component in the fluid system, the temperature distribution estimation method of the fluid system, the temperature monitoring method of the fluid system, and the molten metal temperature control of the molten metal facility
  • the method, the method for estimating the concentration and temperature of the molten metal facility, and the temperature estimation device for the fluid system are not only used for estimating the temperature of the water tank, hot dip galvanizing pot, molten metal holding furnace and tundish, but for example, continuous casting molds and ladles It can be used for a wide range of fluid-related objects, such as temperature distribution estimation in steel processes that hold and contain molten metal.
  • the substance concentration can be estimated in addition to the temperature based on the same principle, it can be applied to a wide range of fluid systems such as chemical processes and water treatment facilities in addition to the steel field.
  • Thermometer 110 Container 200,400,600,800 Temperature estimation apparatus 201,401 , 601, 801 Input unit 202, 402, 602, 802 Display unit 203, 403, 603, 803 Storage unit 204, 404, 404 A, 604, 804 Control unit 205, 405, 605, 805 Temperature estimation unit 206, 406, 606 , 806 Temperature data extraction unit 400A Temperature concentration estimation device 407, 607, 807 Determination unit 408, 608, 808 Temperature control unit 409 Concentration estimation unit 410 Concentration data extraction unit 300, 300A Hot dip galvanizing pot 301 Plating pot 302 Sink roll 303 Steel plate 304 Ingot 305 Thermocouple 306, 504 Induction heating device 500 Hot metal holding furnace 501 Holding furnace 502 Raw material inlet 503 Liquid surface 505 Therm

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PCT/JP2011/052383 2010-02-05 2011-02-04 流体系の温度推定方法および装置、ならびに、流体系における物質成分の濃度および温度推定方法 Ceased WO2011096518A1 (ja)

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TWI918703B (zh) 2020-09-03 2026-03-21 日商東京威力科創股份有限公司 溫度推定裝置、電漿處理系統、溫度推定方法及溫度推定程式

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CN111957911B (zh) * 2020-08-21 2021-08-24 浙江英洛华磁业有限公司 一种钕铁硼熔炼浇铸时的保温功率调节方法

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JPH01307696A (ja) * 1988-06-06 1989-12-12 Hitachi Ltd 高速炉の炉内温度監視システム
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WO2012043624A1 (ja) * 2010-09-30 2012-04-05 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 流体系の温度推定方法及び装置
JP4984000B1 (ja) * 2010-09-30 2012-07-25 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 流体系の温度推定方法、流体系の温度分布推定方法、流体系の温度分布モニタリング方法、温度推定装置、溶融亜鉛めっきポット内の溶融亜鉛温度制御方法、溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板、およびタンディッシュ内の溶鋼温度制御方法
TWI918703B (zh) 2020-09-03 2026-03-21 日商東京威力科創股份有限公司 溫度推定裝置、電漿處理系統、溫度推定方法及溫度推定程式

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