WO2012043624A1 - 流体系の温度推定方法及び装置 - Google Patents
流体系の温度推定方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012043624A1 WO2012043624A1 PCT/JP2011/072176 JP2011072176W WO2012043624A1 WO 2012043624 A1 WO2012043624 A1 WO 2012043624A1 JP 2011072176 W JP2011072176 W JP 2011072176W WO 2012043624 A1 WO2012043624 A1 WO 2012043624A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- estimation
- fluid system
- point
- fluid
- Prior art date
Links
- ISQVBYGGNVVVHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N OCC1CCCC1 Chemical compound OCC1CCCC1 ISQVBYGGNVVVHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/42—Circuits effecting compensation of thermal inertia; Circuits for predicting the stationary value of a temperature
- G01K7/427—Temperature calculation based on spatial modeling, e.g. spatial inter- or extrapolation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01K13/02—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fluid system temperature estimation method, a fluid system temperature distribution estimation method, a fluid system temperature distribution monitoring method, a temperature estimation device, a hot dip galvanizing temperature control method in a hot dip galvanizing pot, a hot dip galvanized steel sheet, and a tongue.
- the present invention relates to a method for controlling the temperature of molten steel in a dish.
- a well-known interpolation such as spline interpolation is used because of the large temperature correlation between the temperature measurement site and the temperature estimation point that are close to the geometric position.
- the temperature distribution can be estimated and interpolated relatively easily using the method.
- a method called an inverse distance weighting method for estimating various values including the temperature of the estimated point based on the distance between the actually measured part and the estimated point is known (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1). ).
- the method described in Non-Patent Document 1 calculates the distance between the position of the actually measured part and the estimated point, weights so that the weight of the actually measured part having the larger calculated distance becomes smaller, and the weighted average Estimate the value at the estimated point.
- the method described in Non-Patent Document 1 uses, for example, the following equation (1) weighted by the power of the reciprocal of the distance (l / l i ), and estimates the temperature at the temperature estimation point, for example.
- Te l is the estimated temperature at the temperature estimation point
- l i is the distance between the position and the temperature estimation point temperature measured site i
- T i is the temperature actually measured values in the temperature measured site i It is.
- U is an interpolation parameter having a positive value.
- the object whose temperature distribution is to be estimated is a fluid system
- heat transfer by convection occurs, so even if the measured temperature part and the estimated temperature point are close to the geometric position, the temperature The correlation is not always great.
- the temperature distribution in the hot water tank is estimated based on the moving speed of the hot water and the history of the actually measured temperature in the hot water tank.
- a temperature distribution estimation system is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a water temperature distribution display device that displays the wake and the water temperature data obtained by the water temperature meter as well as the wake that is the position data obtained by the navigation device and the tidal current vector data obtained by the tidal meter in an overlapping manner.
- Patent Document 3 a boundary condition is constructed based on an actually measured value of a sensor provided indoors, and environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration at a specified location are expressed in terms of heat conduction or Naviestokes.
- An air-conditioning sensor system that estimates using the above is disclosed.
- Non-Patent Document 2, Non-Patent Document 3, and Patent Document 4 describe the concept of the power range of the air outlet and the suction port used as one of the indexes of ventilation efficiency as a technique related to the flow field of the fluid system.
- the power range of the air outlet described in Non-Patent Document 2, Non-Patent Document 3, and Patent Document 4 is considered when attention is paid to a specific point in a room having a plurality of air outlets. It represents how much the airflow from the outlet has reached that point.
- the influence range of a suction inlet represents the distribution state in each indoor point of the air discharged
- Non-Patent Document 2, Non-Patent Document 3, and Patent Document 4 also describe a method for calculating a power range by numerical analysis.
- the temperature is estimated by a weighted average based on the weight l i based only on the distance l i between the temperature measurement part and the temperature estimation point. Does not reflect the effect of fluid flow. For this reason, in a fluid system that greatly contributes to the heat transport of an actual fluid process or the like, the same temperature distribution is estimated even though the temperature distribution is greatly different between when the flow velocity is large and when the flow velocity is small. . Therefore, it is difficult to apply to a fluid system in which heat transport by fluid flow is dominant.
- Patent Document 1 can be applied only to a one-dimensional fluid flow, and is difficult to apply to a fluid system having a three-dimensional fluid flow field.
- Patent Document 2 describes that there is a correlation between the distribution of water temperature and the direction and speed of tidal current, but how to specifically calculate the correlation and estimate the water temperature distribution. It is not disclosed, and the accuracy of estimation of the non-measurement location required by the fluid system cannot be obtained. Furthermore, since the water temperature data and the tidal current vector data are assumed only on the two-dimensional sea surface, it is difficult to apply to a fluid system having a three-dimensional fluid flow field.
- Non-Patent Document 2 and Non-Patent Document 3 focus only on visualizing the position of the fluid flowing in and out of the air outlet and suction port, and are assumed to be applied to temperature estimation. Not. Similarly, the method described in Patent Literature 4 focuses on calculating the spatial distribution of air age and does not assume application to temperature estimation.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and the temperature of a fluid system capable of realizing highly accurate temperature estimation in consideration of heat transport due to the flow of the fluid without restricting the arrangement of the temperature measuring device. It is an object to provide an estimation method, a fluid system temperature distribution estimation method, a fluid system temperature distribution monitoring method, and a temperature estimation device.
- Another object of the present invention is to use a hot dip galvanizing temperature control method in a hot dip galvanizing pot capable of producing a hot dip galvanized steel sheet having no surface defects, and a hot dip galvanizing temperature control method in the hot dip galvanizing pot.
- the object is to provide a manufactured hot-dip galvanized steel sheet.
- the other object of this invention is to provide the molten steel temperature control method in a tundish which can suppress the refractory damage of a tundish.
- a temperature estimation method for a fluid system is a temperature of a fluid system that estimates a temperature at an arbitrary temperature estimation point of a fluid system having two or more known temperature regions.
- An estimation method using the position information of the temperature known area and the information on the flow field of the fluid system representing the flow of the fluid in the entire fluid system, or passed through the temperature known area or generated in the temperature known area
- a temperature distribution estimation method for a fluid system is a temperature distribution estimation method for a fluid system having a temperature distribution.
- the temperature estimated at the temperature estimation points set over the entire area is estimated, and the temperature estimated for each temperature estimation point is estimated as the temperature distribution of the fluid system.
- a temperature distribution monitoring method for a fluid system is a temperature distribution monitoring method for a fluid system having a temperature distribution, which is estimated using the above-described invention. Based on the temperature distribution of the fluid system, the temperature distribution in an arbitrary cross section of the fluid system is visualized and displayed on the screen.
- a temperature estimation device is a temperature estimation device that estimates a temperature at an arbitrary temperature estimation point of a fluid system having two or more temperature known regions, Using the positional information of the temperature known region and the information on the flow field of the fluid system representing the flow of the fluid in the entire fluid system, other fluids that have passed through the temperature known region or generated in the temperature known region
- a force acquisition means for acquiring, as a force of the temperature known area at the temperature estimated point, a ratio of the fluid that has reached the temperature estimated point without passing through the temperature known area and occupies the total fluid of the temperature estimated point; and each temperature known area
- Temperature estimation means for estimating the temperature at the temperature estimation point using information relating to the temperature at the temperature estimation point.
- a hot dip galvanizing temperature control method in a hot dip galvanizing pot includes a hot dip galvanizing pot estimated by the fluid system temperature estimating method according to the present invention.
- the hot dip galvanized steel sheet according to the present invention is characterized by being manufactured using the hot dip galvanizing temperature control method in the hot dip galvanizing pot according to the present invention.
- the molten steel temperature control method in the tundish according to the present invention is based on the molten steel temperature data in the tundish estimated by the fluid system temperature estimation method according to the present invention.
- the temperature extraction step of extracting the temperature of the molten steel in the predetermined region in the tundish the determination step of determining whether the extracted temperature is within a predetermined threshold range, and the extraction in the determination step
- the present invention it is possible to realize highly accurate temperature estimation in consideration of heat transport by the flow of fluid without restricting the arrangement of the temperature measuring device. According to the present invention, a hot dip galvanized steel sheet having no surface defects can be produced. According to the present invention, refractory damage of a tundish can be suppressed.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining the concept of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an apparatus configuration for carrying out the present invention.
- FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating an example of a fluid system.
- FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating a downstream power distribution in the temperature known region R1.
- FIG. 3-3 is a diagram illustrating a downstream power distribution in the temperature known region R2.
- FIG. 3-4 is a diagram illustrating a downstream power distribution in the temperature known region R3.
- FIG. 3-5 is a diagram showing an upstream power distribution in the temperature known region R1.
- FIG. 3-6 is a diagram showing an upstream power distribution in the temperature known region R2.
- FIG. 3-7 is a diagram showing an upstream power distribution in the temperature known region R3.
- FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating an example of a fluid system.
- FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating a downstream power distribution in the temperature known region R1.
- FIG. 3-3 is a diagram
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the weight calculation processing when the temperature field of the fluid system does not change with time.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of the weight calculation processing following FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the weight calculation processing following FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the temperature estimation processing.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the transmission time calculation process.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of weight calculation processing when the temperature field of the fluid system can change with time.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of the weight calculation processing following FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of the weight calculation processing following FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of temperature estimation processing when the temperature field of the fluid system can change with time.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the inside of a room to be applied in the first embodiment from above.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the temperature estimation apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing an actual flow field in the room of FIG.
- FIG. 16A is a diagram illustrating the downstream power of the temperature measurement site A.
- FIG. 16B is a diagram illustrating the downstream power of the temperature measurement site B.
- FIG. 16C is a diagram illustrating the downstream power of the temperature measurement region C.
- FIG. 16D is a diagram illustrating the downstream power of the temperature measurement region D.
- FIG. 16A is a diagram illustrating the downstream power of the temperature measurement site A.
- FIG. 16B is a diagram illustrating the downstream power of the temperature measurement site B.
- FIG. 16C is a diagram illustrating the downstream power of
- FIG. 16-5 is a diagram illustrating the downstream power of the heat generating / absorbing site E.
- FIG. 16-6 is a diagram illustrating downstream forces of the inflow / outflow site F.
- FIG. 16-7 is a diagram showing downstream forces of the inflow / outflow site G.
- FIG. 17A is a diagram illustrating the upstream power of the temperature measurement site A.
- FIG. 17-2 is a diagram showing the upstream power of the temperature measurement site B.
- FIG. 17C is a diagram illustrating the upstream power of the temperature measurement site C.
- FIG. 17-4 is a diagram illustrating the upstream power of the temperature measurement region D.
- FIG. 17-5 is a diagram illustrating the upstream side force of the heat generating and absorbing part E.
- FIG. 17-5 is a diagram illustrating the upstream side force of the heat generating and absorbing part E.
- FIG. 17-6 is a diagram showing the upstream power of the inflow / outflow site F.
- FIG. 17-7 is a diagram showing the upstream power of the inflow / outflow site G.
- FIG. 18A is a diagram illustrating the weight of the temperature measurement site A.
- FIG. 18B is a diagram illustrating the weight of the temperature measurement site B.
- FIG. 18C is a diagram illustrating the weight of the temperature measurement site C.
- FIG. 18-4 is a diagram illustrating the weight of the temperature measurement region D.
- FIG. 18-5 is a diagram illustrating the weight of the heat generating and absorbing part E.
- FIG. 18-6 is a diagram illustrating the weight of the inflow / outflow site F.
- FIG. FIG. 18A is a diagram illustrating the weight of the temperature measurement site A.
- FIG. 18B is a diagram illustrating the weight of the temperature measurement site B.
- FIG. 18C is a diagram illustrating the weight of the temperature measurement site C.
- FIG. 18-7 is a diagram showing the weight of the inflow / outflow site G.
- FIG. 19A is another diagram showing the weight of the temperature measurement site A.
- FIG. 19-2 is another diagram showing the weight of the temperature measurement region B.
- FIG. 19-3 is another diagram showing the weight of the temperature measurement site C.
- FIG. 19-4 is another diagram showing the weight of the temperature measurement portion D.
- FIG. 19-5 is another diagram showing the weight of the heat generating and absorbing part E.
- FIG. 19-6 is another diagram showing the weight of the inflow / outflow site F.
- FIG. 19-7 is another diagram showing the weight of the inflow / outflow site G.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an estimation result of Experimental Example 1 in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an estimation result of Experimental Example 1 in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an estimation result of Experimental Example 1 in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an estimation result of Experimental Example 1 in the first embodiment
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an estimation result of Experimental Example 2 in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an estimation result of the comparative example in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a true temperature distribution in the room of FIG.
- FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram showing the inside of a water tank to be applied in the second embodiment from the side.
- FIG. 25 is a schematic view showing the inside of the water tank of FIG. 24 from above.
- FIG. 26 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the temperature estimation apparatus according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating an estimation result of Experimental Example 1 according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating an estimation result of Experimental Example 2 in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing an estimation result of the comparative example in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram showing an additional installation position of the thermometer in the water tank.
- FIG. 31A is a diagram showing a time transition of the temperature measured at the position P41 in the water tank.
- FIG. 31-2 is a diagram showing a time transition of the temperature measured at the position P42 in the water tank.
- FIG. 31-3 is a diagram showing a time transition of the temperature measured at the position P43 in the water tank.
- FIG. 31-4 is a diagram showing a time transition of the temperature measured at the position P44 in the water tank.
- FIG. 31-5 is a diagram showing a time transition of the temperature measured at the position P45 in the water tank.
- FIG. 31A is a diagram showing a time transition of the temperature measured at the position P41 in the water tank.
- FIG. 31-2 is a diagram showing a time transition of the temperature measured at the position P42 in the water tank.
- FIG. 31-3 is
- FIG. 31-6 is a diagram showing a time transition of the temperature measured at the position P46 in the water tank.
- FIG. 32-1 is a diagram showing a temperature distribution in a horizontal section passing through the center of the water tank in FIG. 25 (one minute after the inflow water temperature change).
- FIG. 32-2 is a diagram showing a temperature distribution in a horizontal section passing through the center of the water tank in FIG. 25 (after 2 minutes from the inflow water temperature change).
- 32-3 is a diagram showing a temperature distribution in a horizontal cross section passing through the center of the water tank in FIG. 25 (after 3 minutes from the inflow water temperature change).
- FIG. 32-4 is a diagram showing a temperature distribution in a horizontal section passing through the center of the water tank in FIG. 25 (after 4 minutes from the inflow water temperature change).
- FIG. 32-5 is a diagram showing a temperature distribution in a horizontal cross section passing through the center of the water tank in FIG. 25 (after 5 minutes from the inflow water temperature change).
- 32-6 is a diagram showing a temperature distribution in a horizontal section passing through the center of the water tank in FIG. 25 (six minutes after the inflow water temperature change).
- FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram showing the inside of a hot dip galvanizing pot to be applied in the fourth embodiment from the side.
- FIG. 34 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the temperature estimation apparatus according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 35 is a diagram showing an estimation result in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 36 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a tundish to be applied in the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 37 is a diagram showing the installation position of the thermocouple installed in the tundish of the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 38 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the temperature estimation apparatus according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 39 is a diagram illustrating an estimation result in the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram for explaining the concept of the present invention.
- the present invention estimates the temperature at an arbitrary temperature estimation point in a fluid having two or more known temperature regions.
- the present invention uses coordinates that are positional information of two or more known temperature regions and information on the flow field of the fluid system that represents the fluid flow in the entire fluid system, and describes each temperature known region at the temperature estimation point.
- Information on the power is acquired, and the temperature at an arbitrary temperature estimation point in the fluid is estimated using information on the temperature measurement value (known temperature) in each temperature known region and the power at the temperature estimation point.
- the power of each temperature known region is the fluid that has flowed from the temperature known region according to the advection diffusion phenomenon by the flow field or the reverse flow field among all the fluids at the temperature estimation point, and other temperature known from the temperature known region. It means the ratio (contribution rate) of the fluid that has reached the temperature estimation point without passing through the region.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of an apparatus configuration for carrying out the present invention.
- a temperature estimation device 1 shown in FIG. 2 is connected to one or more temperature measurement devices 2 installed at a predetermined temperature measurement site in an estimation target fluid system for estimating temperature.
- the temperature estimation device 1 includes a CPU, various IC memories such as ROM and RAM such as flash memory, a storage device such as a hard disk and various storage media, a communication device, an output device such as a display device and a printing device, an input device, and the like.
- a general-purpose computer such as a workstation or a personal computer can be used.
- the temperature estimation device 1 uses a fluid system including at least two known temperature regions as an estimation target, and estimates the temperature at a predetermined temperature estimation point in the fluid system based on the temperature (known temperature) in the known temperature region.
- the position and number of temperature estimation points can be set as appropriate.
- As a typical temperature known area there is a temperature measurement area in which a temperature measuring device is arranged and the temperature is directly measured. At that time, the actually measured temperature becomes the known temperature.
- FIG. 2 is an apparatus configuration diagram when a temperature measuring apparatus is used.
- the temperature measurement region is the temperature known region, but the temperature known region may be any region as long as the temperature is known, and is not limited to the temperature measurement region.
- the instantaneous value of the temperature near the time of temperature estimation may be used as the known temperature. If the temperature field can change over time, time series temperature data that sequentially stores the known temperature and the observed time is required. Try to save. Then, it is preferable that the temperature in the temperature known region at an arbitrary time can be appropriately extracted, interpolated, or extrapolated and output. If the temperature is known, for example, fixed, and stored in a storage device in advance, it can be obtained by some means. Are stored in time series so that the temperature value at an arbitrary time can be appropriately extracted, interpolated, or extrapolated for output.
- the temperature known area can be classified and considered as a temperature measurement area, a heat generation / absorption area, and an inflow / outflow area according to the thermohydrodynamic characteristics of the area.
- the temperature measurement region indicates a temperature measurement region or a region including the temperature measurement region and its vicinity.
- An endothermic / endothermic region refers to an endothermic / absorptive site, or a region that includes the endothermic / endothermic site and its vicinity.
- the inflow / outflow region indicates an inflow / outflow region or a region including the inflow / outflow region and its vicinity.
- the temperature measurement part is a part of the fluid system where the temperature is already known by means such as actually measuring the temperature, and fluid is not flowing in or out of the part or the area including the vicinity. A point, surface, or area.
- the temperature measurement part is not necessarily limited to the part that directly measures the temperature. For example, a part where the temperature can be converted from other parameters by a model formula or the like, a part where the temperature is indirectly known, such as a part where the temperature is controlled by a control device or the like are included.
- the position and number of the temperature measurement sites in the fluid system for example, the installation position and number of the temperature measurement device 2 can be set as appropriate.
- An endothermic endothermic site refers to a point, surface, or region in a fluid system that generates heat or absorbs heat.
- the inflow / outflow site refers to a point, a surface, or a region where inflow of fluid into the system or outflow of fluid out of the system occurs.
- the heat-absorbing and heat-absorbing sites and the inflow / outflow sites it is possible to include sites where the temperature is unknown, thereby improving the reliability of temperature estimation.
- the temperature estimation apparatus 1 uses a fluid flow field, and the fluid force at the temperature estimation point j, specifically, the fluid temperature measurement site i, the heat generation and absorption site i at the temperature estimation point j, and The power of the inflow / outflow site i is acquired. And the temperature estimation apparatus 1 estimates the temperature of the temperature estimation point j which considered the advection diffusion of the heat
- the temperature estimation device 1 acquires two types of forces (R 1ij , R 2ij ) of the downstream side force R 1ij and the upstream side force R 2ij as the above-mentioned forces and uses them as index values for temperature estimation.
- FIG. 3A is an example of a fluid system, which includes a fluid 100, a container 101, and a partition plate 102.
- a flow field F in the fluid system shown in FIG. 3A, and a flow that circulates in the direction of the arrow in the figure is formed.
- the fluid system shown in FIG. 3A has three temperature known regions R1, R2, and R3, which are indicated by circles. At this time, the definition of the downstream side force of the temperature known region R1 at an arbitrary temperature estimation point in the fluid system is as follows.
- the downstream side force of the temperature known region R1 at the temperature estimation point is a fluid that has flowed from the temperature known region R1 according to the advection diffusion phenomenon by the flow field F out of all the fluids at the temperature estimation point, and from the temperature known region R1. It is defined as the ratio of the fluid that has reached the temperature estimation point without passing through another temperature known region, in this example, the temperature known region R2 and the temperature known region R3. With this definition, the downstream force of the temperature known region R1 can be calculated for all locations in the fluid system. Similarly, the downstream force of the temperature known region R2 and the downstream force of the temperature known region R3 can also be calculated.
- the downstream power distributions I11, I12, and I13 for the temperature known regions R1, R2, and R3 are as shown in FIGS. 3-2, 3-3, and 3-4, respectively.
- the downstream side force distributions I11, I12, and I13 with respect to the temperature known regions R1, R2, and R3 are the values of the temperature known regions R1, R2, and R3.
- the distribution extends from each region to the downstream side along the flow. Further, if there is another temperature known area in the middle, the distribution is in a form avoiding that area.
- the regions indicated by the downstream side power distribution of the temperature known regions R1, R2, R3 are regions containing a large amount of fluid flowing from the temperature known regions R1, R2, R3, respectively. It has a strong temperature correlation with the known temperatures of R2 and R3.
- the definition of the upstream power of the temperature known region R1 at the temperature estimation point is as follows. First, with respect to the flow field F, a flow field having the same velocity vector magnitude and having only the direction reversed (referred to as a reversed flow field in this specification) is acquired. Of all the fluids at the temperature estimation point, the fluid has flowed from the temperature known region R1 according to the advection diffusion phenomenon due to the reverse flow field, and from the temperature known region R1 to another temperature known region, in this example, the temperature known region R2 and The ratio of the fluid that has reached the estimated point without passing through the known temperature region R3 is defined as the upstream side force of the known temperature region R1 at the estimated temperature point.
- the upstream force of the temperature known region R1 can be calculated for all locations in the fluid system.
- the upstream side force of the temperature known region R2 and the upstream side force of the temperature known region R3 can be calculated.
- the upstream side force distributions I21, I22, and I23 for the temperature known regions R1, R2, and R3 are as shown in FIGS. 3-5, 3-6, and 3-7, respectively.
- the upstream side force distribution with respect to the known temperature regions R1, R2, and R3 flows from each of the known temperature regions R1, R2, and R3. Has a distribution extending upstream in the opposite direction.
- the distribution is in a form avoiding that area. Since most of the fluid in the region indicated by the upstream side force distribution of the temperature known regions R1, R2, R3 flows to the temperature known regions R1, R2, R3, respectively, the temperature known regions R1, R2, R3 The temperature in the region indicated by the upstream side power distribution and the known temperatures in the temperature known regions R1, R2, and R3 have a strong temperature correlation.
- each part i of the K temperature measurement part i, the L heat generation / absorption part i, and the M inflow / outflow part i is set.
- the temperature measurement area i is set as the area i corresponding to the temperature measurement area i
- the heat generation / absorption area i is set as the area i corresponding to the heat generation / absorption area i
- the area i corresponding to the inflow / outflow area i is set.
- the shape of the temperature measurement region i, the heat generation / absorption region i, and the inflow / outflow region i to be set may be any shape as long as it includes the temperature measurement region i, the heat generation / absorption region i, or the inflow / outflow region i. . That is, each region i may be, for example, a point, a line, or a surface, or may be a region having a three-dimensional finite volume.
- the following methods are used to measure the temperature measurement region i, the heat generation / absorption region i, and the temperature measurement region i corresponding to the inflow / outflow region i, the heat generation / absorption region i, and the inflow / outflow region. i may be set.
- the temperature measurement site i is an installation position of the temperature measurement device 2 installed in the fluid system.
- the temperature measurement region i is preferably set as a temperature measurement region i by setting a spherical region with a radius r centering on the installation position of the temperature measurement device 2 which is the temperature measurement region i.
- the temperature distribution of the fluid system estimated to be a large value for the radius r of the spherical region to be set is a steep temperature distribution, and if it is a small value, the temperature distribution is a smoothed temperature distribution.
- the radius r of the sphere region may be any value as long as the temperature measurement region i, the heat generation / heat absorption region i, and the inflow / outflow region i do not overlap, but is set for each temperature measurement region i.
- the radii of the temperature measurement regions i are preferably all the same.
- the fluid system includes a region where heat generation or endotherm occurs due to heating by a heating device, heat absorption by a heat absorption device, a chemical reaction, or the like
- this region is defined as a heat generation / absorption region i.
- heat generation or heat absorption occurs at the end of the fluid system, specifically, for example, on the wall surface of a facility or the like that divides the flow of the estimation target fluid system or the bath surface of the estimation target fluid system, The surface is defined as a heat generation / absorption region i.
- a substance that generates heat or endotherm due to a chemical reaction or the like is immersed in the fluid system.
- heat generation or heat absorption occurs in a part of the fluid system, for example, when an induction heating device is provided in the fluid system, the region in the fluid system to which heating energy is applied is referred to as a heat generation / heat absorption region i. To do.
- the inflow region and the outflow region are the inflow / outflow site i.
- this region is referred to as an inflow / outflow region i.
- the corresponding boundary surface is set as the inflow / outflow region i.
- Temperature estimation is performed on a fluid that has passed through one region of interest (region of interest) i or that has been generated within the region of interest i and that has reached the temperature estimation point j without passing through another region i ′. It is defined as the fluid component of the region of interest i at point j. Then, the ratio of the fluid component of the region of interest i to the total fluid at the temperature estimation point j is defined as the force of the corresponding part i at the temperature estimation point j, and the flow field of the fluid system (hereinafter referred to as “actual flow field”).
- the downstream force R 1ij of the corresponding part i at the temperature estimation point j and the power acquired using the reversal flow field of the fluid system are upstream of the corresponding part i at the temperature estimation point j. It is defined as side force R 2ij .
- the downstream side force R 1ij is acquired using a fluid flow field (hereinafter referred to as “actual flow field”).
- the actual flow field is calculated using, for example, a numerical simulation, an actual machine, an experimental apparatus that simulates the actual machine, and the like.
- a flow velocity vector over the entire fluid system to be estimated specifically, a flow velocity vector representing the direction and flow velocity of the fluid in each region where the entire fluid system is partitioned with the same size, is obtained as an actual flow field.
- the ratio of the fluid component at the temperature estimation point j is calculated for all the regions i, and is acquired as the downstream force R 1ij .
- each region i of the temperature measurement region i, the heat generation / absorption region i, and the inflow / outflow region i is a fluid that has passed through the corresponding region i or generated in this region i, and has other temperatures.
- the ratio of the fluid (fluid component) that has reached the temperature estimation point j without passing through the measurement region i ′, the heat generation / absorption region i ′, and the inflow / outflow region i ′ is calculated with respect to the total fluid at the downstream side.
- the side force R 1ij is assumed.
- the upstream side force R 2ij is acquired by using the reverse flow field of the fluid system.
- This inversion flow field can be obtained by inverting all the flow velocity vectors obtained as the actual flow field. Then, using this reversal flow field, the ratio of the fluid component at the temperature estimation point j is calculated for all the regions i, and is acquired as the upstream force R 2ij .
- each region i of the temperature measurement region i and the inflow / outflow region i is a fluid that has passed through the corresponding region i or generated in this region i, and other temperature measurement regions i ′
- the ratio of the fluid (fluid component) reaching the temperature estimation point j without passing through the heat absorption region i ′ or the inflow / outflow region i ′ with respect to all the fluids at the temperature estimation point j is calculated as an upstream force R 2ij .
- downstream force acquired by R 1ij and upstream force R force is a pair of 2ij (R 1ij, R 2ij) based on the weight W ij of each region i for temperature estimation point j, Specifically, a weight W ij for weighting the known temperature of each part i is calculated.
- Non-Patent Document 2 the power ranges of the blowout port and the suction port are defined. This is similar to the downstream and upstream forces described in the present invention, but with a different concept. That is, the force range of the blowout port and the suction port of Non-Patent Document 2 is a method that can be applied only to the inflow portion and the outflow portion of the fluid system, that is, the portion that can be set as a boundary condition. Therefore, the power range of the blowout port and the suction port cannot be defined for the actually measured region and the heat generating / absorbing region.
- downstream side force and the upstream side force newly devised in the present invention can be defined not only for the boundary but also for the actually measured part and the heat generating and absorbing part existing in the fluid system.
- the above manner to a pair of the obtained downstream force R 1ij and upstream force R 2ij in force (R 1ij, R 2ij) on the basis of the temperature weight W ij of each region i for estimating point j calculates the weight W ij for weighting relative to the known temperature of each portion i.
- the estimated temperature at the temperature estimation point j is calculated. Relationship between the known temperature T i, the estimated temperature Te j temperature estimate point j of each part i is expressed by the following equation (2).
- the known temperature T i of the temperature measurement site i is a temperature measurement value measured by the temperature measurement device 2.
- the present invention can be used even when the temperature field can be changed with time if the flow field can be considered to be almost steady.
- a transmission time which will be described later, is acquired together with the power, and the temperature is estimated using time-series temperature data.
- the time-series temperature data corresponds to the observed time and the actually measured temperature observed at each site i of the temperature measured site i, the heat-exothermic site i, and the inflow / outflow site i or other means.
- the temperature T i (t) at an arbitrary time t can be interpolated and extrapolated from the recorded actual temperature and time and output.
- the temperature may be treated as unknown, but if the measured temperature is observed at other times, the data at a nearby time is interpolated.
- the extrapolated temperature may be output as T i (t).
- the transmission time is a time required for the fluid to move between each part i and the temperature estimation point j by advection diffusion.
- the transmission time includes a downstream transmission time and an upstream transmission time.
- the time required for the fluid to move from each part i to the temperature estimation point j is the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1ij
- the fluid is the temperature estimation.
- the time required to move from the point j to each part i is the upstream transmission time ⁇ 2ij .
- the temperature of the part i observed at the past time point by the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1ij with respect to the time t 0 at which the temperature is to be estimated is set as the downstream known temperature of the part i at the temperature estimation point j.
- the measured temperature T i (t 0 - ⁇ 1ij ) at the time t 0 - ⁇ 1ij may be output from the time series temperature data to be the downstream known temperature.
- the temperature of the part i observed at the future time point by the upstream transmission time ⁇ 2ij with respect to the time t 0 at which the temperature is to be estimated is set as the upstream known temperature of the part i at the temperature estimation point j. That is, the measured temperature T i (t 0 + ⁇ 2ij ) at the time t 0 + ⁇ 2ij may be output from the time series temperature data to be the upstream known temperature.
- the estimated temperature of the temperature estimation point j at time t 0 is calculated by a weighted average using the upstream known temperature T i (t 0 + ⁇ 2ij ) and the upstream weight W 2ij .
- the estimated temperature Te j (t 0 ) at the temperature estimation point j at time t 0 is expressed by the following equation (3).
- the downstream side known temperature T i (t 0 - ⁇ 1ij ) and the upstream side known temperature T i (t 0 + ⁇ 2ij ) of the endothermic heat absorption site i and the inflow / outflow site i are obtained when the temperature of the corresponding site i is known. Use the value. Originating when the temperature of the endothermic sites i and flows out site i is unknown, after replacing the value of the downstream weight W 1ij upstream weighting W 2ij for the corresponding site i to "0", the formula ( According to 3), the estimated temperature Te j (t 0 ) of the temperature estimation point j is calculated.
- the temperature estimation device 1 performs processing according to the processing procedure shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 7 or FIG. 8 to FIG. 12 to thereby perform a fluid system temperature estimation method, fluid system temperature distribution estimation method, and fluid system temperature distribution monitoring method.
- the processing described here can be realized by storing a program for realizing this processing in, for example, the storage device of the temperature estimation device 1, and reading and executing this program.
- FIGS. 4 to 6 are flowcharts showing the processing procedure of the weight calculation processing.
- a processing procedure in the case where the weight W ij is calculated will be exemplified by taking as an example a method of acquiring the forces (R 1ij , R 2ij ) by temperature distribution analysis using numerical fluid simulation.
- a representative fluid field calculation condition of a fluid system to be estimated is set using a numerical fluid simulation (Ste S1), a steady flow field is calculated based on the set flow field calculation conditions to obtain an actual flow field (step S3).
- the calculation of the fluid flow field is performed using a known technique. Specifically, any fluid analysis solver can be used as long as the fluid flow solver and the temperature field can be obtained. For example, ANSYS FLUENT (registered trademark) or the like can be used. Calculate the flow field. Conventionally, a method for calculating a two-dimensional flow field and a method for calculating a three-dimensional flow field are known. Depending on the characteristics of the fluid system to be estimated, a two-dimensional flow field or 3 A method for calculating a three-dimensional flow field may be appropriately selected and used.
- a region setting step the temperature measurement region i, the heat generation / absorption region i, and the inflow / outflow region i corresponding to each region i of the temperature measurement region i, the heat generation / absorption region i, and the inflow / outflow region i in the fluid system.
- the site i from which the downstream force R 1ij is acquired is designated from the site i of the temperature measurement site i, the heat generation / absorption site i, and the inflow / outflow site i (step S9).
- This process can be realized by sequentially incrementing the value of i in the range of 1 to K + L + M every time step S9 to step S23 are repeated.
- step S11 the temperature estimation point j is designated (step S11).
- This processing can be realized by sequentially incrementing the value of j in the range of 1 to N every time step S11 to step S21 are repeated.
- boundary conditions necessary for the numerical fluid simulation are given.
- the temperature value in each region i is given as the boundary condition. Specifically, a boundary condition for fixing the temperature of the region i corresponding to the designated part i to “1” is given, and the boundary condition for fixing the temperature of the other region i ′ (i ⁇ i ′) to “0”. (Step S13).
- step S15 the steady temperature distribution is calculated (step S15), and the temperature value at the temperature estimation point j is acquired according to the obtained steady temperature distribution (step S17).
- This temperature value corresponds to the ratio of the fluid component in the region i at the temperature estimation point j in the actual flow field.
- the acquired temperature value is set as the value of the downstream force R 1ij of the designated site i at the temperature estimation point j (step S19).
- step S21: No it is determined whether or not the downstream power R 1ij has been acquired for all of the estimated temperature values j. If there is an estimated temperature value j for which the downstream force R 1ij has not been acquired (step S21: No), the process returns to step S11 and the above-described processing is repeated. Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the downstream power R 1ij has been acquired for all the sites i of the temperature measurement site i, the heat generation / absorption site i, and the inflow / outflow site i. If there is a site i for which the downstream force R 1ij has not been acquired (step S23: No), the process returns to step S9 and the above-described processing is repeated.
- step S23 If the downstream forces R 1ij have been acquired for all the sites i (step S23: Yes), then, as shown in FIG. 5, the flow velocity vector of the actual flow field is inverted as an inverted flow field acquisition step.
- the flow field is calculated as an inverted flow field (step S25).
- part i which acquires upstream side force R2ij is specified from each site
- step S29 the temperature estimation point j from which the upstream power R 2ij is acquired is designated (step S29). Similarly to step S11, the value of j may be sequentially incremented in the range of 1 to N every time step S29 to step S43 are repeated. Subsequently, the process branches depending on whether the designated site i is the temperature measurement site i or the inflow / outflow site i and the heat generation / absorption site i. That is, when the designated site i is the temperature measured site i or the inflow / outflow site i (step S31: Yes), first, as the upstream side force acquisition step, the designated temperature measured site i or the inflow / outflow site i corresponds.
- a boundary condition for fixing the temperature of the region i to be fixed to “1” is given, and a boundary condition for fixing the temperature of the other region i ′ (i ⁇ i ′) to “0” is given (step S33).
- numerical fluid simulation is performed using the reversal flow field, and temperature distribution analysis is performed under the given boundary conditions.
- the steady temperature distribution is calculated (step S35), and the temperature value at the temperature estimation point j is acquired according to the obtained steady temperature distribution (step S37).
- This temperature value corresponds to the ratio of the fluid component in the region i at the temperature estimation point j in the reverse flow field.
- the acquired temperature value is set as the value of the upstream force R 2ij of the designated part i at the temperature estimation point j (step S39), and then the process proceeds to step S43.
- step S31 when the designated part i is not the temperature actually measured part i or the inflow / outflow part i but the heat generating and absorbing part i (step S31: No), the value of the upstream side force R 2ij of the designated part i is set to “0”. (Step S41), and then the process proceeds to Step S43.
- step S43 it is determined whether or not the upstream power R 2ij has been acquired for all temperature estimation points j. When there is a temperature estimation point j for which the upstream power R 2ij has not been acquired (step S43: No), the process returns to step S29 and the above-described processing is repeated.
- step S43: Yes If the upstream force R 2ij has been acquired for all the temperature estimation points j (step S43: Yes), it is determined whether or not the upstream force R 2ij has been acquired for all the sites i. If there is a site i for which the upstream force R 2ij has not been acquired (step S45: No), the process returns to step S27 and the above-described processing is repeated.
- the entire fluid region can be expanded to obtain the downstream force distribution and the upstream force distribution of the entire fluid region.
- the temperature estimation points j are arranged so as to cover the fluid region sufficiently finely, for example, at the positions of all the calculation grids j ′ of the numerical fluid simulation, and downstream of all the temperature estimation points j. If the force R 1ij and the upstream force R 2ij are acquired, the downstream force distribution and the upstream force distribution of the entire fluid region can be acquired.
- step S45 If the upstream forces R 2ij have been acquired for all the parts i (step S45: Yes), then, as shown in FIG. 6, as a weight calculation step, first, the weight W ij is selected from each part i.
- the part i to be calculated is designated (step S47). Similar to step S9, the value of i may be sequentially incremented in the range of 1 to K + L + M each time step S47 to step S59 are repeated. Subsequently, the temperature estimation point j for calculating the weight W ij is designated (step S49). Similar to step S11, the value of j may be sequentially incremented in the range of 1 to N every time step S49 to step S57 are repeated.
- the temperature of the designated part i is known.
- the temperature is known.
- the temperature cannot be observed temporarily due to a failure of the measuring instrument or the like.
- the temperature of the actually measured part i may be unknown.
- the temperature may not be known for the heat generating and absorbing part i or the inflow / outflow part i.
- step S51 when the temperature of the designated site
- the optimal function form of the weight function W (R 1ij , R 2ij ) varies depending on the space scale, the flow velocity scale, the interval between the temperature measurement sites, and the like. as a weight function which can be widely used even in the case where the weighting function to calculate the average value of each region i of the downstream force R 1ij and upstream force R 2ij as shown in the following equation (5) W (R 1ij, R 2ij ).
- the weighting function W (R 1ij , R 2ij ) shown in the following equation (5) can be used when the existence or nonexistence of the endothermic part i in the fluid system to be estimated cannot be grasped, or the fluid system includes the endothermic part i. However, it is suitable when the exact position cannot be grasped.
- the temperatures of all the heat generation / absorption sites i and the inflow / outflow sites i are known, or the temperature measurement sites i exist in the vicinity of all the heat generation / absorption sites i and the inflow / outflow sites i (all the heat generation / absorption sites i). And the temperature measurement site i exists within a predetermined distance range set in advance of each of the inflow / outflow sites i) and all the heat generation / absorption sites i and the inflow / outflow sites i are upstream of the flow as viewed from the temperature measurement site i.
- the temperatures of all the heat generation / absorption sites i and inflow / outflow sites i are known, or the temperature measurement sites i exist in the vicinity of all the heat generation / absorption sites i and the inflow / outflow sites i, and all the heat generation / absorption sites i
- the upstream side force R 2ij is more accurate than the downstream side force R 1ij, so the weight function W (R 1ij , As R 2ij ), it is preferable to use a weighting function W (R 1ij , R 2ij ) represented by the following equation (7) using only the upstream power R 2ij .
- S 1j is the sum of the downstream measured force R 1ij for the temperature measurement site i, the heat generation / absorption site i, and the inflow / outflow site i where the temperature is known
- S 2j is the temperature measurement site i where the temperature is known, It is the sum total of the upstream side power R 2ij for the endothermic part i and the inflow / outlet part i.
- S 1j is the sum of the temperature measurement site i where the temperature is known, the heat generation / absorption site i, and the downstream force R 1ij for the inflow / outflow site i
- S avej is the temperature measurement site i where the temperature is known, It is the sum total of the average value (1/2) ⁇ (R 1ij + R 2ij ) of the downstream side force and the upstream side force for the heat generating / absorbing site i and the inflow / outflow site i.
- the same weighting function W (R 1ij , R 2ij ) may be applied uniformly to all the temperature estimation points j set in step S7, or an appropriate one that meets the conditions for each temperature estimation point j.
- the weight function W (R 1ij , R 2ij ) may be selectively used.
- step S57 it is determined whether or not the weights Wij have been calculated for all temperature estimation points j. When there is a temperature estimation point j for which the weight W ij has not been calculated (step S57: No), the process returns to step S49 and the above-described processing is repeated. If the weights W ij are calculated for all temperature estimation points j (step S57: Yes), the process proceeds to step S59.
- step S59 it is determined whether or not the weights Wij have been calculated for all the parts i. If there is a part i for which the weight W ij has not been calculated (step S59: No), the process returns to step S47 and the above processing is repeated. If the weights W ij have been calculated for all the parts i (step S59: Yes), the weights W ij for each part i at the calculated temperature estimation point j are stored in the storage device (step S61), and weight calculation processing is performed. Finish.
- the estimated temperature Te j at a certain temperature estimation point j in the fluid system can be estimated by calculating the weight W ij for each part i at the temperature estimation point j by the above procedure, but the temperature distribution of the entire fluid system is estimated.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the temperature estimation processing.
- the temperature measurement part i the heat generation / absorption part i, and the known temperature Ti of the inflow / outflow part i are acquired (step S71).
- the temperature measurement value input from the temperature measurement device 2 installed in the corresponding temperature measurement part i is acquired as the known temperature Ti.
- a temperature measuring device is installed in the corresponding site i, and the temperature is measured or the temperature of the corresponding site i is known to be fixed, for example. If it can be acquired by some means, such as stored in the storage device in advance, it is acquired.
- a temperature estimation point j for estimating the temperature is designated (step S73). This process can be realized by sequentially incrementing the value of j in the range of 1 to N every time step S73 to step S81 are repeated. Subsequently, the weight W ij for each part i with respect to the designated temperature estimation point j is read from the storage device and acquired (step S75). For example, the weight W ij for the temperature estimation point j designated from the weight database is acquired. Then, according to the above equation (2), a weighted average process using the known temperature T i of each part i acquired in step S71 and the weight W ij acquired in step S75 is performed to estimate the temperature estimation point j. The temperature Te j is calculated (step S77). Thereafter, the estimated temperature Te j at the calculated temperature estimation point j is stored in the storage device (step S79).
- step S81: No it is determined whether or not the estimated temperature Te j has been calculated for all temperature estimated points j. If there is a temperature estimation point j for which the estimated temperature Te j has not been calculated (step S81: No), the process returns to step S73 and the above-described processing is repeated. On the other hand, if the estimated temperatures Te j of all the temperature estimation points j have been calculated (step S81: Yes), the temperature estimation process ends.
- the processing procedure in the case where the temperature field of the target fluid system may fluctuate over time will be described with reference to FIGS. If the temperature field can fluctuate, in addition to the power, acquisition of time-series temperature data, calculation of transmission time, calculation of downstream weight and upstream weight, calculation of downstream known temperature and upstream known temperature Is required.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the transmission time calculation process.
- the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1ij means the time required for the fluid to move from the temperature measurement site i, the heat generation / absorption site i, and the inflow / outflow site i to the temperature estimation point j by advection diffusion
- the upstream transmission time ⁇ 2ij is It means the time required for the fluid to move from the temperature estimation point j to the temperature measurement site i, the heat generation / absorption site i, and the inflow / outflow site i.
- ⁇ 1ij is the time required for the fluid to move in the direction of the temperature estimation point j on the downstream side of the flow as viewed from the temperature measurement site i, the heat generation / absorption site i, and the inflow / outflow site i
- the downstream transmission time is called the downstream transmission time
- ⁇ 2ij is the time required for the fluid to move from the direction of the temperature estimation point j on the upstream side of the flow as viewed from the temperature measurement site i, the heat generation / absorption site i, and the inflow / outflow site i
- transmission time a pair ( ⁇ 1ij , ⁇ 2ij ) of downstream transmission time and upstream transmission time.
- a flow field is calculated based on the set boundary condition (step S103). Since this flow field is the same as the actual flow field obtained in the procedure (step S3 in FIG. 4) when the temperature field can be regarded as almost steady, the actual flow field may be used as it is.
- part i and the temperature estimated point j are each designated (step S109 and step S111).
- step S109 to step S131 each time step S109 to step S131 are repeated, the value of i is sequentially incremented in the range of 1 to K + L + M, This can be realized by sequentially incrementing the value of j in the range of 1 to N every time step S109 to step S129 are repeated.
- the initial temperature T 0 (unit K) is given to the entire fluid system (step S113), and the heat generation condition of the heat generation amount S (unit W) is set at the position of the part i (step S115). Under this condition, the temperature distribution is unsteadyly calculated (step S117), and the temperature rise behavior at the temperature estimation point j is calculated.
- T C threshold temperature
- ⁇ 1ij taken until the temperature reaches T C from T 0 is calculated (step S119).
- ⁇ 1ij is the downstream transmission time. Since the initial temperature T 0 is a value that does not affect the transmission time, any value may be given.
- the optimum value differs by a fluid system of a subject.
- step S121 After the initial temperature T 0 is given to the entire fluid system (step S121), the heat generation amount S is given to the position of the temperature estimation point j (step S123), and the temperature distribution is unsteadyly calculated (step S125). Then, the time ⁇ 2ij required for the temperature at the position i to reach T C from T 0 is calculated (step S127). ⁇ 2ij is the upstream transmission time.
- the transmission time ( ⁇ 1ij , ⁇ 2ij ) is the time required for the fluid to move from the temperature measurement site i, the heat-absorption / heat-absorption site i, and the inflow / outflow site i to the temperature estimation point j by the advection diffusion and the temperature from the temperature estimation point j. Any method may be used as long as it is an index corresponding to the time required for the fluid to move to the actual measurement site i, the heat generation / absorption site i, and the inflow / outflow site i, and the definition method is not particularly limited.
- step S129 it is determined whether or not the transmission time has been calculated for all temperature estimation points j. If there is a temperature estimation point j for which the transmission time ( ⁇ 1ij , ⁇ 2ij ) has not been calculated (step S129: No), the process returns to step S111 and the above-described processing is repeated. If the transmission time is calculated for all temperature estimation points j (step S129: Yes), the process proceeds to step S131. In step S131, it is determined whether or not the transmission time has been calculated for all the parts i. If there is a part i for which the transmission time ( ⁇ 1ij , ⁇ 2ij ) has not been calculated (step S131: No), the process returns to step S109 and the above-described processing is repeated.
- Step S131: Yes If the transmission times ( ⁇ 1ij , ⁇ 2ij ) have been calculated for all the parts i (step S131: Yes), the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1ij and the upstream transmission time ⁇ 2ij for each part i are stored in the storage device. (Step S133), and the transmission time calculation process ends.
- the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1ij and the upstream transmission time ⁇ 2ij for each part i are calculated in advance for all temperature estimation points j, and the database is stored in the storage device. It is preferable to store as
- FIGS. 9 and 10 are flowcharts showing a processing procedure for calculating the downstream weight W 1ij and the upstream weight W 2ij . These may be the same procedure as the procedure described above (steps S1 to S45 in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5) described in the case where the temperature field of the target fluid system can be regarded as almost steady.
- a procedure of processing (weight calculation processing) performed by the temperature estimation device 1 to calculate weights will be described. If the temperature field can change over time, a downstream weight W 1ij and / or an upstream weight W 2ij are calculated as weights. If the downstream force R 1ij and the upstream force R 2ij have been acquired for all the sites i (see steps S201 to S245, FIG. 8 and FIG. 9), then, as shown in FIG.
- the part i for calculating the downstream weight W 1ij and the upstream weight W 2ij is designated from the inside (step S247).
- the value of i may be sequentially incremented within the range of 1 to K + L + M for each repetition.
- the temperature estimation point j for calculating the downstream weight W 1ij and the upstream weight W 2ij is designated (step S249). What is necessary is to sequentially increment the value of j in the range of 1 to N at each repetition. Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the temperature of the designated part i is known (step S251). In general, when the designated site i is the temperature measurement site i, the temperature is known. However, when the temperature cannot be observed temporarily due to a failure of the measuring instrument or the like, the temperature of the actual measurement site i may be unknown. On the other hand, the temperature may not be known for the heat generating and absorbing part i or the inflow / outflow part i.
- step S251 when the temperature of the specified site i is known (step S251: Yes), power (R 1ij, R 2ij) for the specified site i on the basis of, downstream weighting function W 1 (R 1ij, R 2ij) and the upstream weighting function W 2 (R 1ij, calculates a downstream weighting W 1ij and upstream weights W 2ij sites i specified in the temperature estimate point j using R 2ij) (step S253 and step S255 ).
- the downstream weight function W 1 (R 1ij , R 2ij ) and the upstream weight function W 2 (R 1ij , R 2ij ) have different optimal function forms depending on the spatial scale, the flow velocity scale, the interval between the temperature measurement parts, and the like. come.
- the downstream weight function W 1 (R 1ij , R 2ij ) and the upstream weight function W 2 (R 1ij , R 2ij ) that are relatively simple and can be used widely regardless of what fluid system is to be estimated.
- a downstream weight function W 1 having a downstream weight of 0.5 times the downstream force and an upstream weight of 0.5 times the upstream force.
- the temperatures of all the heat generation / absorption sites i and the inflow / outflow sites i are known, or the temperature measurement sites i exist in the vicinity of all the heat generation / absorption sites i and the inflow / outflow sites i (all the heat generation / absorption sites i). And the temperature measurement site i exists within a predetermined distance range set in advance of each of the inflow / outflow sites i) and all the heat generation / absorption sites i and the inflow / outflow sites i are upstream of the flow as viewed from the temperature measurement site i.
- the downstream weight function W 1 (R 1ij , R 2ij ) is the downstream force R 1ij and the upstream weight function W 2 (R 1ij). , R 2ij ) is preferably zero.
- the temperatures of all the heat generation / absorption sites i and inflow / outflow sites i are known, or the temperature measurement sites i exist in the vicinity of all the heat generation / absorption sites i and the inflow / outflow sites i, and all the heat generation / absorption sites i
- the downstream weight function W 1 (R 1ij , R 2ij ) is expressed by the following equations (13a) and (13b): It is preferable that the upstream side weight function W 2 (R 1ij , R 2ij ) is the upstream side force R 2ij .
- S 1j is the sum of the temperature measurement site i where the temperature is known, the heat generation / absorption site i, and the downstream force R 1ij for the inflow / outflow site i
- S avej is the temperature measurement site i where the temperature is known, This is the sum of the average value (1/2) ⁇ (R 1ij + R 2ij ) of the downstream side force and the upstream side force for the heat generating and absorbing part i and the inflow / outlet part i.
- the downstream weight function W 1 (R 1ij , R 2ij ) and the upstream weight function W 2 (R 1ij , R 2ij ) may be uniformly applied to all set temperature estimation points j. Then, for each temperature estimation point j, an appropriate downstream weight function and upstream weight function that meet the conditions may be selectively used.
- step S251 When the temperature of the designated part i is unknown (step S251, No), the downstream weight W 1ij and the upstream weight W 2ij of the designated part i at the temperature estimation point j are set to “0” (step S257). . Then, it is determined whether or not the downstream weight W 1ij and the upstream weight W 2ij have been calculated for all temperature estimation points j (step S259). If there is a temperature estimation point j for which the downstream weight W 1ij and the upstream weight W 2ij have not been calculated (step S259: No), the process returns to step S249 and the above-described processing is repeated. If the weights are calculated for all temperature estimation points j (step S259: Yes), the process proceeds to step S261.
- step S261 it is determined whether the downstream weight W 1ij and the upstream weight W 2ij have been calculated for all the parts i. If there is a part i for which the downstream weight W 1ij and the upstream weight W 2ij are not calculated (step S261: No), the process returns to step S247 and the above-described processing is repeated. If the downstream weight W 1ij and the upstream weight W 2ij are calculated for all the parts i (step S261: Yes), the downstream weight W 1ij and the upstream weight for each part i at the calculated temperature estimation point j. W 2ij is stored in the storage device (step S263), and the weight calculation process is terminated.
- temperature estimation points j are set over the entire area of the fluid system, and the downstream weights W 1ij and the upstream weights W 2ij are set for all the estimated temperature points j. It is necessary to calculate. In this case, it is preferable that downstream weights W 1ij and upstream weights W 2ij for each part i are calculated in advance for all temperature estimation points j and stored in the storage device as a database.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the temperature estimation processing.
- a temperature estimation process as shown in FIG. 12, first, determines the time t 0 of the temperature estimation (step S301). Subsequently, a temperature estimation point j for estimating the temperature is designated (step S303). This processing can be realized by sequentially incrementing the value of j in the range of 1 to N every time it is repeated. Subsequently, the downstream weight W 1ij , the upstream weight W 2ij , the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1ij, and the upstream transmission time ⁇ 2ij for each part i with respect to the designated temperature estimation point j are read from the storage device and acquired (step S305). ). For example, the downstream weight W 1ij , the upstream weight W 2ij , the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1ij , and the upstream transmission time ⁇ 2ij for the temperature estimation point j designated from the above database are acquired.
- the downstream known temperature T i (t 0 - ⁇ ) from the acquired time series temperature data T i (t), the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1ij and the upstream transmission time ⁇ 2ij. 1ij ) and upstream known temperature T i (t 0 + ⁇ 2ij ) are obtained (step S307), and downstream weight W 1ij and upstream weight W 2ij are calculated (step S309). Thereafter, a weighted average process using the calculated downstream weight W 1ij and upstream weight W 2ij is performed to calculate an estimated temperature Te j (t 0 ) of the temperature estimation point j at time t 0 (step S311). . Thereafter, the estimated temperature Te j (t 0 ) of the calculated temperature estimation point j is stored in the storage device (step S313).
- step S315) it is determined whether or not the estimated temperature Te j (t 0 ) has been calculated for all temperature estimation points j (step S315). If there is an uncalculated temperature estimation point j in the estimated temperature Te j (t 0 ) (step S315: No), the process returns to step S303 and the above-described processing is repeated. On the other hand, if the estimated temperatures Te j (t 0 ) of all the temperature estimation points j have been calculated (step S315: Yes), the temperature estimation process ends.
- the fluid component of each region i (temperature measurement region i, heat generation / absorption region i, and inflow / outflow region i) for all fluids at an arbitrary temperature estimation point j in the fluid system.
- the weight W 2ij and the transmission time ( ⁇ 1ij , ⁇ 2ij ) are calculated.
- the downstream side weight W 1ij is set to the downstream known temperature T i (t 0 - ⁇ 1ij ) at the corresponding part i
- the upstream side weight W 2ij is set to the upstream side known temperature T i (t 0).
- + ⁇ 2ij ) is weighted and averaged to calculate the estimated temperature of the temperature estimation point j. Therefore, considering the advection diffusion of heat under the flow field of the fluid system, The temperature of the temperature estimation point j can be estimated with high accuracy.
- weights W ij for each part i for each temperature estimation point j are calculated and stored in a storage device as a weight database, for example, and the weights W ij are read out. acquires Te, only into equation (2) described above to obtain the known temperature T i of each portion i, estimating the temperature distribution of the fluid system by interpolating the known temperature T i of each part i instantly It becomes possible.
- temperature estimation points j are set throughout the fluid system, and downstream weights W 1ij for each part i with respect to each temperature estimation point j, upstream side
- the weight W 2ij and the transmission time ( ⁇ 1ij , ⁇ 2ij ) are calculated and stored in, for example, a storage device as a database, and the temperature measurement device 2 sequentially measures the temperature of each part i and the observed time.
- the temperature estimation apparatus 1 of this Embodiment can fully be utilized also for the online monitoring of the industrial process in which real-time calculation is indispensable, and can be utilized for operation management or a control mechanism.
- the temperature at the position upstream of the flow when viewed from the measured site i can also be estimated based on the known temperature T i (temperature measured value) of the temperature measured site i and the time-series temperature data T i (t). it can.
- the temperature of the temperature estimation point j can be estimated using the known temperature of the heat generating / absorbing site i or the inflow / outflow site i. According to this, it is not always necessary to arrange the temperature measuring device 2 at the most upstream position of the fluid flow. Therefore, the temperature at an arbitrary position in the fluid system can be estimated without restricting the arrangement of the temperature measuring device 2.
- the fluid system has been described as including the temperature measurement site i, the heat generation / absorption site i, and the inflow / outflow site i, but when the fluid system does not include the heat generation / absorption site i and / or the inflow / outflow site,
- the power (R 1ij , R 2ij ) and transmission time ( ⁇ 1ij , ⁇ 2ij ) of the part i excluding these are acquired, the weight W ij or the downstream weight W 1ij and the upstream weight W 2ij, and the downstream known temperature Ti (t 0 - ⁇ 1ij ) and upstream side known temperature Ti (t 0 + ⁇ 2ij ) may be calculated.
- the fluid system does not include the heat generation / absorption part i, the fluid temperature measurement part i and the force (R 1ij , R 2ij ) of the fluid temperature measurement part i at the temperature estimation point j, the transmission time ( ⁇ 1ij , ⁇ 2ij ), and based on the acquired power (R 1ij , R 2ij ) and transmission time ( ⁇ 1ij , ⁇ 2ij ), the weight W ij for each temperature measurement portion i and inflow / outflow portion i for the temperature estimation point j
- the downstream weight W 1ij and the upstream weight W 2ij , the downstream known temperature Ti (t 0 - ⁇ 1ij ), and the upstream known temperature Ti (t 0 + ⁇ 2ij ) may be calculated.
- the temperature measuring device 2 such as a thermometer or a thermocouple at an arbitrary position where at least an installation space in the fluid system can be secured, based on the actually measured temperature measured by the temperature measuring device 2 It is possible to accurately estimate the temperature at an arbitrary position in the fluid system.
- the weight W ij or downstream weight W 1ij and upstream weight W 2ij are calculated based on the forces (R 1ij , R 2ij ), and the calculated weight W ij or downstream weight W 1ij and upstream are calculated.
- the side weight W 2ij is stored in the storage device, the power (R 1ij , R 2ij ) is stored, and the weight W ij or the downstream weight W 1ij and the upstream weight W 2ij It may be calculated each time.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the inside of the room 3 to be applied in the first embodiment from above.
- the room 3 shown in FIG. 13 has, for example, a substantially square shape in plan view with one side of 1 (m).
- This room 3 is provided with passages 321 and 322 having a width of about 0.2 (m) at the diagonals of the left side wall 311 and the right side wall 312 as viewed in FIG. Windows 331 and 332 are attached.
- the side wall 313 on the upper side of the room 3 in FIG. 13 includes a heat source (not shown) and serves as a heat generating wall that generates heat.
- Thermometers 34-1 to 34-4 as temperature measuring devices for estimating the temperature are installed at four locations A to D indicated by “x” in FIG.
- the fluid system to be estimated flows into the room 3, specifically, the air flows from the window 331 into the room through the passage 321 and passes through the passage 322 as indicated by an arrow A 3 in FIG. Air that flows out of the window 332 to the outside.
- the installation positions A to D of the thermometers 34-1 to 34-4 are the temperature measurement site i, for example, a radius 0.05 (m) centered on the installation positions A to D which are the temperature measurement site i ) Are the temperature measurement regions i.
- a side wall 313 provided with a heat generation source is a heat generation / absorption part i (heat generation part).
- a wall surface region E of the side wall 313 is a heat generation / absorption area i.
- the regions F and G of the windows 331 and 332, that is, the end surfaces of the passages 321 and 322 are inflow / outflow sites i (the region F of the window 331 is the inflow region and the region G of the window 332 is the outflow region).
- F and G be the inflow / outflow region i.
- the temperature of the heat source included in the side wall 313 is controlled to 50 (° C.), and air of 10 (° C.) flows from the window 331.
- the temperatures of the heat generation / absorption site i and the inflow / outflow site i are unknown.
- the temperature measurement site i corresponding to the installation positions A to D of the thermometers 34-1 to 34-4 will be appropriately referred to as the temperature measurement site A to D, and the heat generation / absorption site i corresponding to the wall surface region E of the side wall 313 will be described.
- Is appropriately expressed as a heat generating and absorbing part E an inflow / outflow region i corresponding to the region F of the window 331 is appropriately described as an inflow / outflow region F, and an inflow / outflow region i corresponding to the region G of the window 332 is appropriately described. Is written.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the temperature estimation apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment.
- the temperature estimation device 10 includes an input unit 11, a display unit 12, a storage unit 13, and a control unit 14, and thermometers 34-1 to 34- installed in the room 3.
- the actual temperature measurement value from 4 is input to the control unit 14.
- the input unit 11 is for the user to perform various operations such as inputting information necessary for temperature estimation, and outputs an input signal to the control unit 14.
- the input unit 11 is realized by a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, or the like.
- the display unit 12 is realized by a display device such as an LCD or an EL display, and displays a temperature estimation result on the screen under the control of the control unit 14.
- the storage unit 13 is realized by various IC memories such as ROM and RAM such as flash memory which can be updated and recorded, information recording media such as a built-in or connected data communication terminal, a CD-ROM, and a reading device thereof.
- a program for operating the temperature estimation device 10 and realizing various functions of the temperature estimation device 10, data used during the execution of the program, and the like are recorded.
- a weight database in which weights W ij of temperature estimation points j set in the room 3 are registered, or an estimated temperature Te j of the temperature estimation point j is stored in the room 3 of the corresponding temperature estimation point j. Temperature data set in association with the position is stored.
- the control unit 14 is realized by hardware such as a CPU.
- the control unit 14 performs instructions and data transfer to each unit constituting the temperature estimation device 10 based on an input signal input from the input unit 11, a program or data recorded in the storage unit 13, and the like.
- the overall operation of the temperature estimating apparatus 10 is controlled.
- the control unit 14 includes a temperature estimation unit 141 and a temperature distribution display processing unit 143.
- the temperature estimation unit 141 performs a weight calculation process according to the processing procedure shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, thereby calculating a weight W ij for each part i with respect to the temperature estimation point j, and a weight for the calculated temperature estimation point j.
- W ij is stored in the storage unit 13 as a weight database.
- the temperature estimation unit 141 uses, for example, a finite volume method as a numerical fluid simulation, and acquires a force (R 1ij , R 2ij ) using a standard k- ⁇ turbulence model as a turbulence model, A weight W ij is calculated.
- the flow in the height direction of the fluid system is negligible, and the two-dimensional temperature distribution of the fluid system in the room 3 is estimated, and the weight W ij is also approximated by a two-dimensional model. To do.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing an actual flow field of the room 3 calculated here.
- a flow velocity vector V3 representing the air flow in the entire area of the room 3, specifically, a window 331 (see FIG. 13) as shown by an arrow A3 in FIG. )
- a flow velocity vector V3 representing the flow velocity
- the temperature estimation unit 141 sets the temperature estimation points j over the entire area in the room 3 at equal intervals as the process of step S7 in FIG.
- the temperature estimation unit 141 uses the actual flow field shown in FIG. 15 as the processing of steps S9 to S23, and uses the actual flow field shown in FIG.
- the downstream force R 1ij is acquired.
- FIGS. 16-1 to 16-7 are diagrams showing the downstream forces R 1ij of the respective portions A to G at the respective temperature estimation points j in an isoline diagram.
- the temperature estimation unit 141 calculates an inverted flow field in which the direction of each flow velocity vector V3 of the actual flow field shown in FIG. 15 is reversed as the process of step S25 of FIG.
- the temperature estimation unit 141 uses the reversal flow field as the processing of Steps S27 to S45 in FIG. 5, and calculates the upstream force R 2ij of each part i of the fluid at each temperature estimation point j set in the entire area in the room 3. get.
- FIGS. 17-1 to 17-7 are diagrams showing the upstream forces R 2ij of the respective portions A to G at the temperature estimation point j in an isoline diagram.
- the temperature estimation unit 141 calculates the weight W ij using the weighting function W (R 1ij , R 2ij ) of Expression (5) and the weighting function of Expression (8) as the processing of Steps S47 to S59 in FIG. W (R 1ij, R 2ij) performs the calculation of the weight W ij with each weighting function W (R 1ij, R 2ij) storing unit weights W ij of each temperature estimate point j database to each using 13 to save.
- FIGS. 18-1 to 18-7 are respectively equivalent to the weights W ij of the parts A to G for the respective temperature estimation points j calculated using the weighting functions W (R 1ij , R 2ij ) of the equation (5).
- FIGS. 19A to 19E are equivalent values of the weights W ij for the respective parts A to G with respect to the respective temperature estimation points j calculated using the weighting functions W (R 1ij , R 2ij ) of the equation (8). It is the figure shown as a diagram.
- the temperatures of the endothermic endothermic site E and the inflow / outflow sites F and G are unknown, and as shown in FIGS. 18-5 to 18-7 and FIGS. 19-5 to 19-7, the site E , F, G weights W ij are calculated as “0”.
- the temperature estimation unit 141 performs the temperature estimation process according to the processing procedure shown in FIG. 7, so that the temperature measurement part i (A to D) that is the temperature measurement value measured by the thermometers 34-1 to 34-4 is known. Based on the temperature T i , the estimated temperature Te j of each temperature estimation point j is calculated by using the weight W ij for each temperature estimation point j. And the temperature estimation part 141 preserve
- Temperature distribution display processing unit 143 refers to the temperature data temperature estimation unit 141 and stored to the storage unit 13 estimates the estimated temperature Te j of each temperature estimate point j, i.e., the temperature measured sites known temperature T i
- the temperature distribution of the entire fluid system in the room 3 interpolated with the actually measured values of i (A to D) is converted into, for example, an isoline diagram and displayed on the display unit 12 as a temperature distribution monitoring screen.
- step S 53 the weight W ij ′ of the inverse distance interpolation formula shown in the following formula (15) is used in step S 53.
- l ij is a linear distance between the temperature measurement part i and the temperature estimation point j.
- u is an interpolation parameter.
- the temperature estimation unit 141 calculates the estimated temperature Te j of each temperature estimation point j using each of the three types of weights W ij in the experimental examples 1 and 2 and the comparative example, and the temperature distribution display processing unit 143 plots the estimated temperature Te j of each temperature estimation point j in the experimental examples 1 and 2 and the comparative example, thereby obtaining estimation results for each of the experimental examples 1 and 2 and the comparative example.
- Table 1 shows the known temperatures T i of the temperature measurement sites A to D used for estimation, that is, the temperature measurement values of the thermometers 34-1 to 34-4 installed at the corresponding installation positions A to D in the room 3. Shown in
- FIG. 20 is an isometric diagram of the estimation result of Experimental Example 1 in the first embodiment, that is, the temperature distribution of the fluid system in the room 3.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an estimation result of Experimental Example 2 in the first embodiment
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an estimation result of a comparative example in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a true temperature distribution in the room 3. Comparing the experimental examples 1 and 2 with the comparative example, as shown in FIG. 22, in the comparative example, a temperature distribution is estimated in which isolines spread concentrically around the temperature measurement parts A to D. Thus, in the comparative example, the flow of air in the room 3 is not reflected in the temperature estimation, and the estimation result does not correspond to the true temperature distribution in the room 3 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram showing the inside of the water tank 4 to be applied in the second embodiment from the side.
- FIG. 25 is a schematic view showing the inside of the water tank 4 of FIG. 14 from above.
- the depth direction (vertical direction in FIG. 25) is 1 (m)
- the width direction (horizontal direction in FIGS. 24 and 25) is 1 (m)
- the depth (FIG. 24 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a vertical width of 0.5 (m)
- the water tank 4 is always filled with water. That is, on the upper surface of the water tank 4, two pipes 41 and 42 communicating with the internal space of the water tank 4 are provided at both left corners as viewed in FIG. 25, and water is injected into the water tank 4 from the pipes 41 and 42. It has come to be.
- the bottom of the water tank 4 is provided with one pipe 43 communicating with the internal space of the water tank 4 at the center on the right side as viewed in FIG. 25. From this pipe 43, the total amount of water flowing in from the pipes 41 and 42 is provided. The same amount of water flows out.
- a partition plate 44 that divides the half of the width direction along the width direction of the water tank 4 is disposed, and the depth direction position of the partition plate 44 passes through the center of the water tank 4 in the depth direction.
- the arrangement is close to the pipe 41 side by 0.2 (m).
- Thermometers 45-1 to 45-6 as temperature measuring devices for estimating the temperature are installed at six locations P41 to P46 indicated by “x” in FIGS. 24 and 25 in the water tank 4. Yes.
- the position in the depth direction of the thermometers 45-1 to 45-6 was set to a position just at the center depth of the water tank 4.
- the estimation target fluid system is water flowing in the water tank 4, and the installation positions P41 to P46 of the thermometers 45-1 to 45-6 are the temperature measurement sites i.
- the lower ends of the pipes 41 and 42 are inflow portions, and the upper end of the pipe 43 is an outflow portion, which are inflow / outlet portions i.
- the entire flow path of the pipes 41 to 43 may be used as the inflow / outflow site i, or the upper ends of the pipes 41 and 42 and the lower end of the pipe 43 may be used as the inflow / outflow site i.
- 10 (° C.) water is injected from the pipe 41
- 50 (° C.) water is injected from the pipe 42.
- the temperature of the inflow / outflow site i is unknown.
- the fluid system to be applied is assumed to have a sufficiently small heat transfer on the water surface of the water tank 4 and the inner wall surface of the water tank 4, and does not include the heat generation / absorption site i.
- corresponding temperature measurement regions i and inflow / outflow regions i are set for the temperature measurement region i and the inflow / outflow region i, respectively.
- FIG. 26 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the temperature estimation device 10a according to the second embodiment.
- the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those in the first embodiment.
- the temperature estimation device 10a includes an input unit 11, a display unit 12, a storage unit 13, and a control unit 14a, and thermometers 45-1 to 45- installed in the water tank 4. The actual temperature measured value from 6 is input to the control unit 14a.
- the storage unit 13 includes a weight database in which weights W ij of temperature estimation points j set in the water tank 4 are registered, and the estimated temperature Te j of the temperature estimation point j and the position of the corresponding temperature estimation point j in the water tank 4 Stores temperature data and the like set in association with each other.
- the control unit 14a includes a temperature estimation unit 141, a temperature data extraction unit 142a, and a temperature distribution display processing unit 143a.
- the temperature estimation unit 141 performs a weight calculation process according to the processing procedure shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, thereby calculating a weight W ij for each part i with respect to the temperature estimation point j, and a weight for the calculated temperature estimation point j.
- W ij is stored in the storage unit 13 as a weight database.
- the temperature estimation unit 141 uses the finite volume method as a numerical fluid simulation, acquires a force (R 1ij , R 2ij ) using a standard k- ⁇ turbulent model as a turbulent model, and calculates a weight W ij . To do.
- the temperature estimation unit 141 sets the temperature estimation points j in the entire area in the water tank 4 at intervals of 0.04 (m) along the depth direction, the width direction, and the depth direction. Set. Further, the temperature estimation unit 141 calculates the weight W ij using the weight function W (R 1ij , R 2ij ) of the equation (5) and the processing of the equation (8) as the processing of steps S47 to S59 in FIG. weighting function W (R 1ij, R 2ij) performs the calculation of the weight W ij with each weighting function W (R 1ij, R 2ij) using a database of the weights W ij of each temperature estimation point for each j Save in the storage unit 13.
- the temperature of the inflow / outflow site i is unknown, and the weight W ij of the inflow / outflow site i is calculated as “0”.
- the temperature estimation unit 141 performs the temperature estimation process according to the processing procedure illustrated in FIG. 7, thereby allowing each temperature based on the temperature measurement value of the temperature measurement part i that is the known temperature T i.
- An estimated temperature Te j at the estimated point j is calculated and stored in the storage unit 13 as temperature data.
- the temperature data extraction unit 142 a refers to the temperature data estimated by the temperature estimation unit 141 and stored in the storage unit 13, and estimates the temperature Te j in an arbitrary cross section of the water tank 4 (estimation of the temperature estimation point j in an arbitrary cross section). Extract temperature Te j ).
- the section from which the estimated temperature Te j is extracted may be fixed in advance, or may be determined according to a user operation.
- the temperature data extraction unit 142a receives a designation operation section by a user through the input unit 11, extracts the estimated temperature Te j in the cross section designated by the user.
- the temperature distribution display processing unit 143a visualizes the temperature distribution in the arbitrary cross section by, for example, converting the estimated temperature Te j in the arbitrary cross section extracted by the temperature data extracting unit 142a into an isometric diagram, and serves as a temperature distribution monitoring screen. It is displayed on the display unit 12.
- the weight W ij calculated by the weight function W (R 1ij , R 2ij ) of the above equation (5) is used (Experimental example 1), and the equation (8)
- the estimated temperature Te j of each temperature estimation point j was calculated when the weight W ij calculated by the weight function W (R 1ij , R 2ij ) was used (Experimental Example 2).
- weights were calculated using the conventional inverse distance weighting method, and the estimated temperatures Te j of the respective temperature estimation points j were calculated using the obtained weights.
- the weight calculation in the comparative example is performed in the same processing procedure as the weight calculation processing in FIGS. 4 to 6, and the weight W ij ′ shown in the equation (15) is used in step S53.
- the temperature estimation unit 141 calculates the estimated temperature Te j of each temperature estimation point j using each of the three types of weights W ij in the experimental examples 1 and 2 and the comparative example, and the temperature data extraction unit 142a but extracting the estimated temperature Te j in the horizontal cross section from the estimated temperature Te j of each temperature estimate point j in experimental examples 1 and 2 and Comparative examples through the middle in the depth direction of the water tub 4, the temperature distribution display processing section 143a but by charting isolines the estimated temperature Te j in the horizontal cross section of the above, to obtain an estimation result for each of experimental examples 1 and 2 and Comparative example. Shows a known temperature T i of each temperature measured site i used for estimation, i.e., the temperature measured value of the installed thermometer 45-1 to 45-6 in the installation position P41-P46 corresponding in the water tank 4 in Table 2 .
- FIG. 27 is an isoline diagram of the estimation result of Experimental Example 1 in Embodiment 2, that is, the temperature distribution in a horizontal section passing through the center of the water tank 4 in the depth direction.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating an estimation result of Experimental Example 2 in the second embodiment
- FIG. 29 is a diagram illustrating an estimation result of a comparative example in the second embodiment.
- the weight is calculated using only the geometric information of the distance between the temperature measurement site i and the temperature estimation point j as an index. Because the internal structure is not taken into account, there are cases where an estimation result that is significantly different from the actual temperature distribution is obtained. That is, for example, when applied to a fluid facility having a member that blocks the flow of fluid, such as a partition plate 44 disposed in the internal space of the water tank 4 to be applied, a continuous temperature distribution across the partition plate 44. May have been estimated. However, in reality, the flow of fluid is blocked by the partition plate 44, and thus the temperature may be discontinuous at the partition plate 44.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram showing the installation positions of the thermometers 45-7 to 45-9 additionally installed in the water tank 4.
- thermometers 45-7 to 45-9 are additionally installed at three locations P47 to P49 indicated by “x” in the water tank 4, and the measured temperature values at the respective installation positions P47 to P49 are obtained.
- each of the installation positions P47 to P49 was used as a temperature measurement site i, and temperature estimation was performed using Experimental Examples 1 and 2 and a Comparative Example.
- the positions in the depth direction of the thermometers 45-7 to 45-9 were set to positions just at the center depth of the water tank 4, similarly to the thermometers 45-7 to 45-9.
- Embodiment 3 As Embodiment 3, temperature distribution estimation and visualization in the case where the inflow water temperature changes with time in the same water tank as Embodiment 2 will be described.
- Water of 10 ° C. always flows from the pipe 41 shown in FIGS.
- a constant flow rate of water flows in from the pipe 42.
- the water temperature becomes 10 ° C.
- the water temperature becomes 50 ° C. in the middle.
- Thermometers 45-1 to 45-6 are arranged at the same positions (P41, P42, P43, P44, P45, P46) as in the second embodiment.
- the downstream force R 1ij , the upstream force R 2ij , the downstream transmission time ⁇ 1ij , the upstream transmission time ⁇ 2ij , the downstream weight W 1ij , and the upstream weight W 2ij are the same as those in the second embodiment.
- the numerical fluid simulation used the finite volume method and the standard k- ⁇ turbulence model as the turbulence model. In the flow field calculation, water flows from the upper end of the pipe 41 at a flow rate of 0.765 L / s, water flows from the upper end of the pipe 42 at a flow rate of 1.531 L / s, and flows out from the lower end of the pipe 43 at a constant pressure.
- the calculation was performed by giving boundary conditions as the wall boundary conditions using the logarithm rule of the wall on the upper surface of 4 and the sliding conditions on the side wall and the bottom wall.
- the transmission time was calculated with an initial water temperature of 27 ° C., a calorific value of 2,200 kW, and a threshold temperature of 28 ° C.
- the temperature estimation points j were arranged at intervals of 0.04 m and arranged throughout the water tank 4.
- FIGS. 31-1 to 31-6 show time transitions of temperatures measured by the thermometers 45-1 to 45-6 at each position (P41, P42, P43, P44, P45, P46) in the water tank 4.
- FIG. 31-1 to 31-6 show time transitions of temperatures measured by the thermometers 45-1 to 45-6 at each position (P41, P42, P43, P44, P45, P46) in the water tank 4.
- FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram showing the inside of hot dip galvanizing pot 5 to be applied in the fourth embodiment from the side.
- a hot dip galvanizing line which is one of the steel processes for producing galvanized steel sheets used for automobiles and building materials
- the steel sheet 51 is immersed in hot dip zinc in a hot dip galvanizing pot 5 as illustrated in FIG.
- the plating adhesion amount is adjusted by an unillustrated adhesion amount control device, and a predetermined post-treatment such as cooling is performed to obtain a plated steel sheet.
- the operating conditions are, for example, a line speed of 120 (mpm) and a steel plate width of 1,500 (mm).
- the hot dip galvanizing pot 5 shown in FIG. 33 to be applied in the fourth embodiment has a hot dip zinc capacity of, for example, 250 (t), and the hot dip galvanizing pot 5 is filled with the hot dip zinc.
- the hot dip galvanizing pot 5 includes an induction heating device 52 installed on each of the opposing inner wall surfaces parallel to the paper surface of FIG.
- the hot dip galvanizing pot 5 includes an ingot throwing portion (not shown) for throwing the zinc ingot 53 into the internal space.
- the induction heating device 52 is for melting the zinc ingot 53 put into the ingot throwing portion into molten zinc and maintaining the temperature of the melted molten zinc at a predetermined temperature.
- a sink roll 54 is installed in the internal space of the hot dip galvanizing pot 5, and the direction of the passing of the steel plate 51 immersed in the molten zinc and conveyed in the molten zinc is changed by the sink roll 54. It has become so. Zinc consumed by the adhesion to the steel plate 51 is replenished by charging a zinc ingot 53 into an ingot charging portion (not shown).
- Thermocouples 55-1 to 55-8 as temperature measuring devices for estimating the temperature are installed at eight locations P51 to P58 indicated by “x” in FIG. 31 in the hot dip galvanizing pot 5. Yes.
- Each of the thermocouples 55-1 to 55-8 has a distance of 300 (from the inner wall surface of the hot dip galvanizing pot 5 parallel to the paper surface of FIG. mm), each is installed in the positional relationship shown in FIG.
- the fluid system to be estimated is molten zinc filled in the hot dip galvanizing pot 5, and the installation positions P51 to P58 of the thermocouples 55-1 to 55-8 are the temperature measurement site i.
- the heating position of the induction heating device 52 which is a part in the fluid system in which heat is generated, and the ingot charging part are the heat generation and absorption part i.
- the temperature of the heat generating and absorbing part i corresponding to the heating position of the induction heating device 52 is assumed to be known, specifically, 487.72 (° C.) (see Table 4).
- the temperature of the heat generation / absorption part i corresponding to the ingot throwing portion is unknown.
- FIG. 34 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the temperature estimation device 10b according to the fourth embodiment.
- the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those in the first embodiment.
- the temperature estimation device 10b includes an input unit 11, a display unit 12, a storage unit 13, and a control unit 14b, and is provided with a thermocouple 55-1 installed in the hot dip galvanizing pot 5. The measured temperature values from ⁇ 55-8 are input to the control unit 14b.
- the storage unit 13 is a weight database in which the weight W ij of the temperature estimation point j set in the hot dip galvanizing pot 5 is registered, or the hot dip galvanization of the temperature estimation point j corresponding to the estimated temperature Te j of the temperature estimation point j. Temperature data set in association with the position in the pot 5 is stored.
- the control unit 14b includes a temperature estimation unit 141, a temperature data extraction unit 142b, and a temperature distribution display processing unit 143b.
- the temperature estimation unit 141 calculates a weight W ij for each part i with respect to the temperature estimation point j by performing a weight calculation process according to the processing procedure shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and the weight for the calculated temperature estimation point j W ij is stored in the storage unit 13 as a weight database.
- the temperature estimation unit 141 uses the finite volume method as a numerical fluid simulation, acquires a force (R 1ij , R 2ij ) using a standard k- ⁇ turbulent model as a turbulent model, and calculates a weight W ij . To do.
- the temperature estimation part 141 sets the temperature estimation point j to the whole region in the hot dip galvanizing pot 5 at equal intervals as the process of step S7 in FIG.
- the temperature estimation unit 141 calculates weights W ij using, for example, the weight function W (R 1ij , R 2ij ) of Expression (5) as the processing of Steps S47 to S59 in FIG.
- the weight W ij of the point j is stored in the storage unit 13 as a database.
- the temperature of the heat generating and absorbing part i corresponding to the ingot charging part is unknown, and the weight W ij of the heat generating and absorbing part i corresponding to the ingot charging part is calculated as “0”.
- the temperature estimation unit 141 performs the temperature estimation process according to the process procedure illustrated in FIG. 7, so that the temperature measurement value of the temperature measurement part i that is the known temperature T i and the induction heating device 52. Based on the temperature of the heat generating and absorbing part i corresponding to the heating position, the estimated temperature Tej of each temperature estimation point j is calculated and stored in the storage unit 13 as temperature data.
- Temperature data extraction unit 142b refers to the temperature data temperature estimation unit 141 and stored to the storage unit 13 estimates, to extract the estimated temperature Te j at any cross section of the galvanizing pot 5.
- the temperature distribution display processing unit 143b visualizes the temperature distribution in the arbitrary cross section by, for example, isolating the estimated temperature Te j in the arbitrary cross section extracted by the temperature data extracting unit 142b as a temperature distribution monitoring screen. It is displayed on the display unit 12.
- the temperature estimation of each temperature estimation point j is performed. Specifically, the temperature estimation unit 141 calculates the estimated temperature Te j of each temperature estimate point j, the temperature data extraction unit 142b is, in the vertical cross-section of 300 (mm), for example, from an inner wall surface of the galvanizing pot 5 The estimated temperature Te j is extracted, and the temperature distribution display processing unit 143b obtains an estimation result by converting the estimated temperature Te j in the above-described vertical section into an isoline diagram.
- FIG. 35 is an isoline diagram of the estimation result in the fourth embodiment, that is, the temperature distribution in a vertical cross section of 300 mm from the inner wall surface of the hot dip galvanizing pot 5.
- temperature estimation reflecting the influence of the flow of molten zinc in the hot dip galvanizing pot 5 can be realized, and the temperature distribution can be estimated with high accuracy in consideration of the flow effect of molten zinc.
- weight W ij for each temperature estimation point j is stored in the storage unit 13 as a weight database, weighting is performed based on the known temperature T i when the temperature estimation and the temperature distribution are visualized. It is only necessary to perform the averaging process, and the calculation time can be made within one second.
- the temperature of the hot dip galvanization in the hot dip galvanization pot 5 is not in a predetermined range, it is known that a surface defect will occur in the hot dip galvanized steel sheet. Therefore, the temperature of the molten zinc in the hot dip galvanizing pot is estimated by the above-described processing, and the induction heating device 52 is controlled so that the temperature of the molten zinc in the hot dip galvanizing pot falls within a predetermined range based on the estimation result. Thus, a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet having no surface defects can be produced.
- the control unit 14b determines whether or not the temperature of the molten zinc in a predetermined region in the hot dip galvanizing pot 5 is within a predetermined threshold value;
- a temperature control unit 145b for controlling the temperature of the molten zinc by operating the output of the induction heating device 52 of the hot dip galvanizing pot 5;
- the “predetermined region in the hot dip galvanizing pot 5” means, for example, a location where the surface of the steel plate 51 that affects surface defects and the molten zinc contact, a location where the sink roll 54 and the molten zinc contact, An area surrounded by the upper part of the roll 54 and the steel plate 51 is referred to.
- the threshold value of the molten zinc temperature is input to the determination unit 144b in advance or is input by the operator via the input unit 11, and the determination unit 144b has the molten zinc temperature in a predetermined region extracted by the temperature data extraction unit 142b. It is determined whether it is within the threshold.
- the temperature control unit 145b operates the output of the induction heating device 52 so that the molten zinc temperature in the predetermined region is within the threshold range.
- the temperature control unit 145b can control the induction heating device 52 to control the molten zinc temperature in a predetermined region. Thereby, the surface defect of the steel plate 51 can be prevented.
- FIG. 36 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of the tundish 6 to be applied in the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 37 is a diagram showing the installation positions of the thermocouples 64-1 to 64-5 installed in the tundish 6 of the fifth embodiment, and the right half of FIG. 37 on the long side side of the tundish 6. About the inside, it has shown typically the mode of the inside.
- the tundish 6 shown in FIG. 36 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a depth direction of 1 (m), a width direction of 8 (m), and a height of 1 (m), and accommodates molten steel therein.
- the liquid level S7 of the molten steel accommodated in the tundish 6 is indicated by a broken line.
- This tundish 6 A nozzle 61 for injecting molten steel from a ladle, two outlets 62 and 62 for introducing molten steel into a mold, and two plasma heating devices for controlling the temperature by heating the molten steel 63, 63.
- the tundish 6 has a two-strand specification in which a nozzle 61 for injecting molten steel from a ladle is provided at the upper center portion, and outflow holes 62 and 62 to the mold are provided at both ends in the width direction.
- thermocouples 64-1 to 64-5 are installed as temperature measuring devices for estimating the temperature. Focusing only on the right side of the tundish 6 in the long side direction, the thermocouples 64-1 to 64-5 are installed at five locations on the right side because the tundish 6 has a symmetrical structure. Similarly, thermocouples 64-1 to 64-5 may be installed on the left side in the direction and used for temperature estimation.
- the estimation target fluid system flows into the tundish 6 from the lower end of the nozzle 61, specifically the molten steel accommodated in the tundish 6, and from the outflow holes 62 and 62 to the tundish.
- 6 is a molten steel that flows out to the outside (mold).
- the installation positions P61 to P65 of the thermocouples 64-1 to 64-5 are the temperature measurement site i.
- the heating position of the plasma heating devices 63 and 63 becomes the heat generating / absorbing part i, and the lower end of the nozzle 61 and the outflow holes 62 and 62 are the inflow / outflow part i (the lower end of the nozzle 61 is the inflow part and the outflow holes 62 and 62 are the outflow part) Become. Since the liquid level S7 of the molten steel is subjected to strong cooling from the outside, it becomes a heat generating and absorbing part i.
- the temperature of the heat generating and absorbing part i corresponding to the heating position of the plasma heating devices 63 and 63 and the inflow / outflow part i corresponding to the inflow position at the lower end of the nozzle 61 are known, and the inflow / outflow part i corresponding to the outflow holes 62 and 62.
- the temperature of the heat generating and absorbing part i corresponding to the liquid surface S7 of the molten steel is unknown.
- FIG. 38 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the temperature estimation device 10c according to the fifth embodiment.
- the same components as those in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals.
- the temperature estimation device 10c includes an input unit 11, a display unit 12, a storage unit 13, and a control unit 14c, and thermocouples 64-1 to 64 installed in the tundish 6.
- the temperature measurement value from ⁇ 5 is input to the control unit 14c.
- the storage unit 13 stores a weight database in which the weight W ij of the temperature estimation point j set in the tundish 6 is registered, or the estimated temperature Te j of the temperature estimation point j in the tundish 6 of the corresponding temperature estimation point j.
- the temperature data set in association with the position is stored.
- the control unit 14c includes a temperature estimation unit 141, a temperature data extraction unit 142c, a temperature distribution display processing unit 143c, a determination unit 144c, and a temperature control unit 145c.
- the temperature estimation unit 141 performs a weight calculation process according to the processing procedure shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, thereby calculating a weight W ij for each part i with respect to the temperature estimation point j, and a weight for the calculated temperature estimation point j.
- W ij is stored in the storage unit 13 as a weight database.
- the temperature estimation unit 141 uses the finite volume method as a numerical fluid simulation, acquires a force (R 1ij , R 2ij ) using a standard k- ⁇ turbulent model as a turbulent model, and calculates a weight W ij . To do.
- the temperature estimation part 141 sets the temperature estimation point j to the whole area in the tundish 6 at equal intervals as a process of step S7 of FIG.
- the temperatures of the heat generating and absorbing parts i corresponding to the heating positions of the plasma heating devices 63 and 63 and the temperatures of the inflow and outflow parts i corresponding to the outflow holes 62 and 62 are unknown, and the weights W ij of these parts i are unknown. Is calculated as “0”.
- the temperature estimation unit 141 performs the temperature estimation process according to the processing procedure illustrated in FIG. 7, thereby allowing each temperature based on the temperature measurement value of the temperature measurement part i that is the known temperature T i.
- An estimated temperature Te j at the estimated point j is calculated and stored in the storage unit 13 as temperature data.
- the temperature data extraction unit 142 c refers to the temperature data estimated by the temperature estimation unit 141 and stored in the storage unit 13, and extracts the estimated temperature Te j in an arbitrary cross section of the tundish 6. Since the molten steel in the tundish 6 is cooled at the contact portion with the bath surface and the inner wall surface of the tundish 6, the molten steel injected from the ladle flows downward and the temperature approaches the outflow holes 62, 62. Will go down. The inner wall surface of the tundish 6 is covered with a refractory, and this refractory is always in contact with high-temperature molten steel.
- the temperature data extraction unit 142c extracts, for example, the estimated temperature Te j in the vertical cross section in the vicinity of the inner wall surface in the long side direction of the tundish 6, for example, in the vicinity of the inner wall surface on the front side in FIG. .
- the temperature distribution display processing unit 143c for example, plots the estimated temperature Te j in an arbitrary cross section (for example, a vertical cross section in the vicinity of the inner wall surface in the long side direction of the tundish 6) extracted by the temperature data extraction unit 142c.
- the temperature distribution in this arbitrary cross section is visualized and displayed on the display unit 12 as a temperature distribution monitoring screen.
- the determination unit 144c determines whether or not the temperature of the molten steel in the vicinity of the inner wall surface of the tundish 6, that is, the contact portion with the refractory covering the inner wall surface is within a predetermined temperature range. For example, determination unit 144c, the maximum temperature or minimum temperature of the estimated temperature Te j in the vertical cross section of the temperature data extracting section 142c is extracted is determined whether it is within a predetermined temperature range.
- the predetermined temperature range may be fixed in advance, or may be determined according to a user operation. When determining according to user operation, the input operation of the temperature range by a user is received via the input part 11, and the determination part 144c performs the above-mentioned determination according to the temperature range input by the user.
- the temperature control unit 145c controls the heating temperature by the plasma heating devices 63 and 63 according to the determination result performed by the determination unit 144c. Specifically, when the determination unit 144c determines that the temperature control unit 145c is out of the temperature range, the temperature control unit 145c causes the plasma heating device 63, so that the maximum temperature or the minimum temperature determined to be out of the temperature range is within the temperature range. The output of 63 is controlled.
- the temperature of each temperature estimation point j is estimated. Specifically, the temperature estimation unit 141 calculates an estimated temperature Tej for each temperature estimation point j, and the temperature data extraction unit 142c calculates the estimated temperature in the vertical section of the tundish 6, for example, near the inner wall surface (50 mm from the wall surface). Tej was extracted, and the temperature distribution display processing unit 143c obtained an estimation result by plotting the estimated temperature Tej in the above-described vertical section.
- the known temperature Ti of each temperature measurement site i used for estimation that is, the temperature measurement values of the thermocouples 64-1 to 64-5 installed at the corresponding installation positions P61 to P65 in the tundish 6, are converted into plasma heating devices. Table 5 shows the known temperature Ti at the heating position 63 and the known inflow temperature Ti of the nozzle 61.
- FIG. 39 is an isoline diagram of the temperature estimation result in the fifth embodiment, that is, the temperature distribution in the vertical section near the inner wall surface of the tundish 6 (50 mm from the wall surface).
- the temperature estimation reflecting the influence of the molten steel flow in the tundish 6 can be realized, and the temperature distribution can be estimated with high accuracy in consideration of the flowing effect of the molten steel.
- the estimated temperature Te j of the vertical cross section in the vicinity of the inner wall surface in the long side direction of the tundish 6 can be extracted, and the estimated temperature Te j in this cross section can be presented, for example, as an isometric diagram.
- the temperature of the molten steel at the contact portion with the refractory covering the inner wall surface can be easily grasped. Further, when the temperature of the molten steel at the contact portion is outside the predetermined temperature range, the temperature of the molten steel can be controlled by controlling the output of the plasma heating devices 63, 63, so that the inner wall surface of the tundish 6 is covered. Refractory damage can be prevented.
- the room, the water tank, the hot dip galvanizing pot, and the tundish for continuous casting are exemplified as the application target of the present invention.
- the present invention is not limited thereto, and the present invention involves a fluid. If it is a thing, it can apply widely.
- the steel process can be applied to temperature estimation in a molten metal holding furnace, a continuous casting mold, a ladle or the like.
- the present invention is not limited to the steel field, and can be similarly applied to chemical processes, water treatment facilities, and the like.
- the present invention can be applied not only to a simple one-dimensional flow fluid system but also to a fluid system having a wide range of fluid states, including a fluid system having a complicated three-dimensional flow.
- the fluid system temperature estimation method, the fluid system temperature distribution estimation method, the fluid system temperature distribution monitoring method, and the temperature estimation device of the present invention can be used without restricting the arrangement of the temperature measurement device. It is suitable for realizing highly accurate temperature estimation considering heat transport by flow.
- a hot dip galvanized steel sheet free from surface defects can be provided.
- the molten steel temperature control method in the tundish of this invention the refractory damage of a tundish can be suppressed.
Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の概念を説明するための機能ブロック図である。図1に示すように、本発明は、温度既知領域が2箇所以上ある流体中の任意の温度推定点における温度を推定するものである。詳しくは、本発明は、2箇所以上の温度既知領域の位置情報である座標と流体系全域における流体の流れを表す流体系の流れ場に関する情報とを用いて温度推定点における各温度既知領域の勢力に関する情報を取得し、各温度既知領域の温度実測値(既知温度)と温度推定点における勢力とに関する情報を用いて流体中の任意の温度推定点における温度を推定する。各温度既知領域の勢力は、温度推定点における全流体のうち、温度既知領域から流れ場又は反転流れ場による移流拡散現象に従って流れてきた流体であって、且つ、温度既知領域から他の温度既知領域を通過することなく温度推定点まで到達した流体の比率(寄与率)のことを意味している。
図2は、本発明を実施するための装置構成の一例を示すブロック図である。図2に示す温度推定装置1は、温度を推定する推定対象の流体系内の所定の温度実測部位に設置される1つ以上の温度計測装置2と接続される。温度推定装置1は、CPU、フラッシュメモリ等のROMやRAMといった各種ICメモリ、ハードディスク、各種
記憶媒体等の記憶装置、通信装置、表示装置や印刷装置等の出力装置、入力装置等を備えた公知のハードウェア構成で実現でき、例えばワークステーションやパソコン等の汎用コンピュータを用いることができる。
先ず、温度推定点における温度の推定原理について説明する。なお、以下の説明では、推定対象の流体系が、K箇所の温度実測部位i(i=1~K)と、L箇所の発熱部位または吸熱部位である発吸熱部位i(i=K+1~K+L)と、M箇所の流入部位または流出部位である流入出部位i(i=K+L+1~K+L+M)とを含むこととし、この流体系内に設定されるN箇所の温度推定点j(j=1~N)の温度を推定することとする。
を行う。具体的には、定常温度分布の計算を行い(ステップS35)、得られた定常温度分布に従って温度推定点jにおける温度値を取得する(ステップ S37)。この温度値が、反転流れ場での温度推定点jにおける領域iの流体成分の比率に相当する。そして、取得した温度値を、温度推定点jにおける指定した部位iの上流側勢力R2ijの値とし(ステップS39)、その後ステップS43に移行する。
を設定する(ステップS107)。設定した温度実測部位i、発吸熱部位i、および流入出部位i(i=1~K+L+M)と温度推定点j(j=1~N)から、伝達時間(τ1ij、τ2ij)を算出する部位iと温度推定点jをそれぞれ指定する(ステップS109およびステップS111)。ここでの処理は、ステップS109~ステップS131の繰り返しの度に、iの値を1からK+L+Mの範囲で順次インクリメントし、
ステップS109~ステップS129の繰り返しの度に、jの値を1~Nの範囲で順次インクリメントしていくことで実現できる。
入出部位iについては、温度が未知の場合がある。このため、指定した部位iの温度が既知の場合には(ステップS251:Yes)、指定した部位iの勢力(R1ij,R2ij)をもとに、下流側重み関数W1(R1ij,R2ij)および上流側重み関数W2(R1ij,R2ij)を用いて温度推定点jにおける指定した部位iの下流側重みW1ijおよび上流側重みW2ijを算出する(ステップS253およびステップS255)。
温度推定点jの温度を高精度に推定することできる。これによれば、実際に温度計測装置2を設置する等して温度を実測するのが困難な場所であっても、温度を 高精度に把握することが可能となる。したがって、温度計測装置2の配置に制約を与えることなく流体の流れによる熱輸送を考慮した高精度な温度推定を実現する
ことができる。
装置2の配置に制約を与えることなく流体系内の任意の位置の温度を推定することができる。
次に、実施の形態1として、室内を適用対象とし、この室内を流れる流体系の温度推定および温度分布の可視化について説明する。図13は、実施の形態1において適用対象とする部屋3の内部を上方から示した模式図である。
次に、実施の形態2として、水槽を適用対象とし、この水槽内を流れる流体系の温度推定および温度分布の可視化について説明する。図24は、実施の形態2において適用対象とする水槽4の内部を側方から示した模式図である。図25は、図14の水槽4の内部を上方から示した模式図である。
実施の形態3として、実施の形態2と同じ水槽で、流入水温が時間変化する場合の温度分布推定および可視化について説明する。図24および図25に示すパイプ41からは常に10℃の水が流入する。パイプ42からは一定流量の水が流入し、最初は水温が10℃、途中から水温が50℃になる。温度計45-1~45-6は、実施の形態2と同じ位置(P41、P42、P43、P44、P45、P46)に配置される。
次に、実施の形態4として、溶融亜鉛めっきポットを適用対象とし、この溶融亜鉛めっきポット内を流れる流体系の温度推定および温度分布の可視化について説明する。図33は、実施の形態4において適用対象とする溶融亜鉛めっきポット5の内部を側方から示した模式図である。自動車や建材などに利用される亜鉛めっき鋼板を製造する鉄鋼プロセスのひとつである溶融亜鉛めっきラインでは、図33に例示するような溶融亜鉛めっきポット5において鋼板51を溶融亜鉛中に浸漬させた後、不図示の付着量制御装置でそのめっき付着量を調整し、冷却等の所定の後処理を施してめっき鋼板とする。操業条件は、例えばライン速度を120(mpm)とし、鋼板の板幅を1,500(mm)とする。
次に、実施の形態5として、連続鋳造用のタンディッシュを適用対象とし、このタンディッシュ内を流れる流体系の温度推定および温度分布の可視化について説明する。図36は、実施の形態5において適用対象とするタンディッシュ6の構成を模式的に示した斜視図である。図37は、実施の形態5のタンディッシュ6に設置される熱電対64-1~64-5の設置位置を示す図であり、タンディッシュ6の長辺側方の図37に向かって右側半分について、その内部の様子を模式的に示している。
取鍋からの溶鋼を注入するノズル61と、底部の2箇所に設けられ、溶鋼を鋳型へと導入するための流出孔62,62と、溶鋼を加熱して温度を制御する2つのプラズマ加熱装置63,63とを備える。タンディッシュ6は、取鍋からの溶鋼を注入するノズル61が中央上部に設けられ、鋳型への流出孔
62,62が幅方向の両端に設けられた2ストランド仕様である。
2 温度計測装置
11 入力部
12 表示部
13 記憶部
14,14a,14b,14c 制御部
141 温度推定部
142a,142b,142c 温度データ抽出部
143,143a,143b,143c 温度分布表示処理部
144b,144c 判定部
145b,145c 温度制御部
3 部屋
4 水槽
34-1~34-4,45-1~45-9 温度計
5 溶融亜鉛めっきポット
52 誘導加熱装置
6 タンディッシュ
63 プラズマ加熱装置
55-1~55-8,64-1~64-5 熱電対
Claims (14)
- 温度既知領域が2箇所以上ある流体系の任意の温度推定点における温度を推定する流体系の温度推定方法であって、
前記温度既知領域の位置情報と流体系全域における流体の流れを表す流体系の流れ場に関する情報とを用いて、温度既知領域を通過した、または温度既知領域内で生成した流体のうち、他の温度既知領域を通過することなく前記温度推定点まで到達した流体の、温度推定点の全流体中に占める比率を温度推定点における温度既知領域の勢力として取得する勢力取得工程と、
各温度既知領域の温度と前記温度推定点における勢力とに関する情報を用いて、前記温度推定点における温度を推定する温度推定工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする流体系の温度推定方法。 - 前記勢力取得工程は、前記流れ場による移流拡散現象に従って、前記温度既知領域を通過した、または温度既知領域内で生成した流体のうち、他の温度既知領域を通過することなく温度推定点まで到達した流体の、温度推定点の全流体中に占める比率を温度推定点における温度既知領域の下流側勢力として取得する下流側勢力取得工程を含み、
前記温度推定工程は、前記温度推定点における各温度既知領域の下流側勢力に関する情報を用いて前記温度推定点の温度を推定する工程を含む
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の流体系の温度推定方法。 - 前記勢力取得工程は、前記流体の流れと逆向きの流れを表す前記流体系の反転流れ場による移流拡散現象に従って、前記温度既知領域を通過した、または温度既知領域内で生成した流体のうち、他の温度既知領域を通過することなく温度推定点まで到達した流体の、温度推定点の全流体中に占める比率を温度推定点における温度既知領域の上流側勢力として取得する上流側勢力取得工程を含み、
前記温度推定工程は、前記温度推定点における各温度既知領域の上流側勢力に関する情報を用いて前記温度推定点の温度を推定する工程を含む
ことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の流体系の温度推定方法。 - 時系列で温度が既知となっている温度既知領域の温度を含む時系列温度データを取得する時系列温度データ取得工程と、
前記流体が前記温度既知領域と前記温度推定点との間で移動する際に要する伝達時間を取得する伝達時間取得工程と、
を含み、
前記温度推定工程は、温度推定を行う時点に対して前記伝達時間だけ過去、もしくは未来における時点を抽出時点とし、前記時系列温度データから前記抽出時点における温度既知領域の温度を抽出し、抽出された温度を用いて前記温度推定点の温度を推定する工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1つに記載の流体系の温度推定方法。 - 各温度既知領域の勢力に関する情報を用い、各温度既知領域の重みを算出する重み算出工程を含み、
前記温度推定工程は、各温度既知領域の前記重みを用いた重み付き平均処理を行って、前記温度推定点の温度を推定する工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1つに記載の流体系の温度推定方法。 - 前記温度推定工程は、前記流体系が発熱または吸熱が発生する1箇所以上の発吸熱部位および/または系内外に対して流体が流入または流出する1箇所以上の流入出部位を含む場合であって、該部位の温度が未知の場合に、該温度が未知である前記部位についての前記重みの値を0として前記温度推定点の温度を推定する工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の流体系の温度推定方法。
- 前記流体系は溶融亜鉛めっきポット内の溶融亜鉛であることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか1つに記載の流体系の温度推定方法。
- 前記流体系はタンディッシュ内の溶鋼であることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか1つに記載の流体系の温度推定方法。
- 温度分布を有する流体系の温度分布推定方法であって、
請求項1~8のいずれか1つに記載の流体系の温度推定方法を用いて前記流体系の全域に設定した温度推定点の温度を推定し、
前記各温度推定点について推定した温度を前記流体系の温度分布として推定することを特徴とする流体系の温度分布推定方法。 - 温度分布を有する流体系の温度分布モニタリング方法であって、
請求項9に記載の流体系の温度分布推定方法を用いて推定した前記流体系の温度分布をもとに、前記流体系の任意の断面における温度分布を可視化して画面表示することを特徴とする流体系の温度分布モニタリング方法。 - 温度既知領域が2箇所以上ある流体系の任意の温度推定点における温度を推定する温度推定装置であって、
前記温度既知領域の位置情報と流体系全域における流体の流れを表す流体系の流れ場に関する情報とを用いて、温度既知領域を通過した、または温度既知領域内で生成した流体のうち、他の温度既知領域を通過することなく前記温度推定点まで到達した流体の、前記温度推定点の全流体中に占める比率を前記温度推定点における温度既知領域の勢力として取得する勢力取得手段と、
各温度既知領域の温度と前記温度推定点における勢力とに関する情報を用いて、前記温度推定点における温度を推定する温度推定手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする温度推定装置。 - 溶融亜鉛めっきポット内の溶融亜鉛温度制御方法であって、
請求項7に記載の流体系の温度推定方法により推定した前記溶融亜鉛めっきポット内の溶融亜鉛温度データから、前記溶融亜鉛めっきポット内の所定の領域における溶融亜鉛の温度を抽出する温度抽出ステップと、
抽出した温度が、所定の閾値範囲内にあるか否かを判定する判定ステップと、
前記判定ステップにおいて、前記抽出した温度が閾値範囲外と判定された場合、前記抽出した温度が閾値範囲内となるよう前記溶融亜鉛めっきポットの加熱手段の出力を操作する制御ステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする溶融亜鉛めっきポット内の溶融亜鉛温度制御方法。 - 請求項12に記載の溶融亜鉛めっきポット内の溶融亜鉛温度制御方法を用いて製造したことを特徴とする溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板。
- タンディッシュ内の溶鋼温度制御方法であって、
請求項8に記載の流体系の温度推定方法により推定した前記タンディッシュ内の溶鋼温度データから、前記タンディッシュ内の所定の領域における溶鋼の温度を抽出する温度抽出ステップと、
抽出した温度が、所定の閾値範囲内にあるか否かを判定する判定ステップと、
前記判定ステップにおいて、前記抽出した温度が閾値範囲外と判定された場合、前記抽出した温度が閾値範囲内となるよう前記タンディッシュの加熱手段の出力を操作する制御ステップと、
を含むことを特徴とするタンディッシュ内の溶鋼温度制御方法。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201180046338.5A CN103124899B (zh) | 2010-09-30 | 2011-09-28 | 流体系统的温度估计方法以及装置 |
KR1020137008653A KR101318209B1 (ko) | 2010-09-30 | 2011-09-28 | 유체계의 온도 추정 방법, 유체계의 온도 분포 추정 방법, 유체계의 온도 분포 모니터링 방법, 온도 추정 장치, 용융 아연 온도 제어 방법, 용융 아연 도금 강판 및, 용강 온도 제어 방법 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2010222844 | 2010-09-30 | ||
JP2010-222844 | 2010-09-30 | ||
JP2011092434 | 2011-04-18 | ||
JP2011-092434 | 2011-04-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012043624A1 true WO2012043624A1 (ja) | 2012-04-05 |
Family
ID=45893063
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2011/072176 WO2012043624A1 (ja) | 2010-09-30 | 2011-09-28 | 流体系の温度推定方法及び装置 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP4984000B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101318209B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103124899B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012043624A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3167976A4 (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2018-05-02 | JFE Steel Corporation | Molten steel flow-state estimating method and flow-state estimating device |
CN109313147A (zh) * | 2016-05-31 | 2019-02-05 | 株式会社日阪制作所 | 模拟方法、模拟程序、及包括内置了该程序的存储介质的模拟装置 |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5981901B2 (ja) * | 2013-10-17 | 2016-08-31 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 気流推定方法およびその装置 |
CN110806235B8 (zh) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-12-17 | 北京科技大学 | 一种室内环境监控方法、装置、设备和存储介质 |
CN116878693B (zh) * | 2023-09-05 | 2023-11-21 | 济宁市金桥煤矿 | 一种矿用机电设备监测管理方法及系统 |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH01307696A (ja) * | 1988-06-06 | 1989-12-12 | Hitachi Ltd | 高速炉の炉内温度監視システム |
JPH08295910A (ja) * | 1995-04-28 | 1996-11-12 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 高炉の操業方法 |
JPH1163622A (ja) * | 1997-08-27 | 1999-03-05 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | 工場建屋内の気流シミュレーション方法 |
JP2919532B2 (ja) * | 1990-03-02 | 1999-07-12 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 炉内熱流体解析の解析条件設定方式 |
JP2000283526A (ja) * | 1999-03-25 | 2000-10-13 | Internatl Business Mach Corp <Ibm> | エア・コンデイショニング・システム及び方法 |
JP2008075973A (ja) * | 2006-09-21 | 2008-04-03 | Toshiba Corp | 空調用センサーシステム |
JP2008248353A (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-16 | Jfe Steel Kk | 溶融金属めっき金属板の製造方法及び製造設備 |
JP2009241139A (ja) * | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-22 | Kobe Steel Ltd | タンディッシュ内の溶鋼温度の予測方法および管理方法 |
WO2011096518A1 (ja) * | 2010-02-05 | 2011-08-11 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 流体系の温度推定方法および装置、ならびに、流体系における物質成分の濃度および温度推定方法 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008241139A (ja) | 2007-03-27 | 2008-10-09 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 除菌装置 |
KR100868457B1 (ko) | 2007-05-31 | 2008-11-11 | 주식회사 포스코 | 도금밀착성이 우수한 합금화용융아연도금강판과 그제조방법 |
CN101294946B (zh) * | 2008-06-05 | 2011-06-15 | 武汉科技大学 | 一种混合在线预测定氧加铝的模型建模与优化方法 |
-
2011
- 2011-09-27 JP JP2011210259A patent/JP4984000B1/ja active Active
- 2011-09-28 WO PCT/JP2011/072176 patent/WO2012043624A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2011-09-28 KR KR1020137008653A patent/KR101318209B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2011-09-28 CN CN201180046338.5A patent/CN103124899B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH01307696A (ja) * | 1988-06-06 | 1989-12-12 | Hitachi Ltd | 高速炉の炉内温度監視システム |
JP2919532B2 (ja) * | 1990-03-02 | 1999-07-12 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 炉内熱流体解析の解析条件設定方式 |
JPH08295910A (ja) * | 1995-04-28 | 1996-11-12 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 高炉の操業方法 |
JPH1163622A (ja) * | 1997-08-27 | 1999-03-05 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | 工場建屋内の気流シミュレーション方法 |
JP2000283526A (ja) * | 1999-03-25 | 2000-10-13 | Internatl Business Mach Corp <Ibm> | エア・コンデイショニング・システム及び方法 |
JP2008075973A (ja) * | 2006-09-21 | 2008-04-03 | Toshiba Corp | 空調用センサーシステム |
JP2008248353A (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-16 | Jfe Steel Kk | 溶融金属めっき金属板の製造方法及び製造設備 |
JP2009241139A (ja) * | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-22 | Kobe Steel Ltd | タンディッシュ内の溶鋼温度の予測方法および管理方法 |
WO2011096518A1 (ja) * | 2010-02-05 | 2011-08-11 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 流体系の温度推定方法および装置、ならびに、流体系における物質成分の濃度および温度推定方法 |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3167976A4 (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2018-05-02 | JFE Steel Corporation | Molten steel flow-state estimating method and flow-state estimating device |
CN109313147A (zh) * | 2016-05-31 | 2019-02-05 | 株式会社日阪制作所 | 模拟方法、模拟程序、及包括内置了该程序的存储介质的模拟装置 |
US20200319125A1 (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2020-10-08 | Hisaka Works, Ltd. | Simulation method, simulation program, and simulation device including storage medium having said program stored therein |
CN109313147B (zh) * | 2016-05-31 | 2021-04-02 | 株式会社日阪制作所 | 模拟方法、存储介质、及包括存储介质的模拟装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103124899B (zh) | 2014-08-13 |
KR20130042055A (ko) | 2013-04-25 |
JP4984000B1 (ja) | 2012-07-25 |
JP2012233869A (ja) | 2012-11-29 |
CN103124899A (zh) | 2013-05-29 |
KR101318209B1 (ko) | 2013-10-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4984000B1 (ja) | 流体系の温度推定方法、流体系の温度分布推定方法、流体系の温度分布モニタリング方法、温度推定装置、溶融亜鉛めっきポット内の溶融亜鉛温度制御方法、溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板、およびタンディッシュ内の溶鋼温度制御方法 | |
Lee et al. | An evaluation of empirically-based models for predicting energy performance of vapor-compression water chillers | |
Yu et al. | Virtual in-situ calibration method in building systems | |
Chakraborty et al. | Estimation of surface heat flux in continuous casting mould with limited measurement of temperature | |
Kang et al. | Approximate methods for uncertainty analysis of water distribution systems | |
Bachoc et al. | Calibration and improved prediction of computer models by universal Kriging | |
JP7027536B2 (ja) | 解析システム及び解析方法 | |
EP3229156B1 (en) | Predicting cracking in cooled metal or alloy components | |
CN109929955A (zh) | 一种高炉炉缸侵蚀状况的检测方法 | |
Kim et al. | Experimental and numerical analysis of heat transfer phenomena in a sensor tube of a mass flow controller | |
Durrani et al. | Predicting corrosion rate in chilled HVAC pipe network: coupon vs linear polarisation resistance method | |
JP5304734B2 (ja) | 熱処理シミュレーション方法 | |
JP4695376B2 (ja) | 加熱又は冷却特性評価方法及び装置、反応容器の操業管理方法及び装置、コンピュータプログラム、並びにコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体 | |
JP4973802B2 (ja) | 流体系における物質成分の濃度および温度推定方法および溶融亜鉛めっきポット内の溶融亜鉛の温度制御および溶融亜鉛中のアルミニウム濃度管理方法 | |
JP4968388B2 (ja) | 流体系の温度推定方法、流体系における物質成分の濃度および温度推定方法、流体系の温度分布推定方法、流体系の温度モニタリング方法、溶融金属設備の溶融金属温度制御方法、溶融金属設備の濃度および温度推定方法、溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板ならびに流体系の温度推定装置 | |
JP5765035B2 (ja) | 流体系における流体構成物質の濃度推定方法、流体系における流体構成物質の濃度分布推定方法、流体系における流体構成物質の濃度分布モニタリング方法、および濃度推定装置 | |
JP4833621B2 (ja) | 反応容器の温度又は熱流束の推定方法、装置、コンピュータプログラム、及びコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体 | |
CN103400037A (zh) | 一种确定直缝焊管焊接温度的方法 | |
Umbricht et al. | Optimal estimation of thermal diffusivity in an energy transfer problem | |
JP5923854B2 (ja) | 流体系における物質成分の濃度推定方法、濃度分布推定方法、濃度モニタリング方法および溶融亜鉛めっきポット内に収容される溶融亜鉛中のアルミニウム濃度管理方法ならびに流体系における物質成分の濃度推定装置 | |
Wang et al. | The comparison of particle filter and extended Kalman filter in predicting building envelope heat transfer coefficient | |
Wani et al. | Optimizing the overall performance of forced extraction systems: A multi-objective framework | |
Bungener | Modelling of a steam network using data reconciliation as a management tool | |
Prakash et al. | Estimating Non-Linear Heat Flux in Continuous Billet Casting Process With Limited Sensors | |
JP2021102221A (ja) | 連続鋳造鋳型内可視化装置、方法、およびプログラム |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 201180046338.5 Country of ref document: CN |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 11829177 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20137008653 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 11829177 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |