WO2011083686A1 - 防曇塗料組成物 - Google Patents
防曇塗料組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011083686A1 WO2011083686A1 PCT/JP2010/073020 JP2010073020W WO2011083686A1 WO 2011083686 A1 WO2011083686 A1 WO 2011083686A1 JP 2010073020 W JP2010073020 W JP 2010073020W WO 2011083686 A1 WO2011083686 A1 WO 2011083686A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/24—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/14—Methyl esters, e.g. methyl (meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/38—Esters containing sulfur
- C08F220/382—Esters containing sulfur and containing oxygen, e.g. 2-sulfoethyl (meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
- C08F220/58—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen, e.g. N-methylolacrylamide, N-(meth)acryloylmorpholine
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
- C08F220/58—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen, e.g. N-methylolacrylamide, N-(meth)acryloylmorpholine
- C08F220/585—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen, e.g. N-methylolacrylamide, N-(meth)acryloylmorpholine and containing other heteroatoms, e.g. 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid [AMPS]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09D133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09D133/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/18—Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surfaces to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto; Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S41/28—Cover glass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
Definitions
- the present invention is formed on a base material such as a headlamp of an automobile, for example, and does not cause problems such as brushing even when the paint is applied and dried, even when the humidity is high, and heat curing is performed at a low temperature and in a short time.
- the present invention relates to an antifogging coating composition for providing a coating film which is excellent in adhesion to a substrate, heat resistance and antifogging property.
- a vehicle lamp such as a head lamp of a car
- air with high humidity enters the lamp chamber
- the lens is cooled by the outside air, rain, etc., and water condensation may occur on the inner surface to cause fogging.
- the brightness of the vehicle lamp may be reduced, and the appearance of the lens may be impaired, which may cause the user's discomfort.
- antifogging paints are known which are applied to the site where the fogging occurs.
- this heat-curable anti-fog coating composition comprises a monomer having a crosslinking functional group of any one of N-methylol group, N-methylol ether group and hydroxyl group, hydrophilic monomer and (meth) acrylic acid It consists of a hydrophilic polymer part formed of lower alkyl and a hydrophobic polymer part formed of a vinyl monomer having a sulfonic acid group, a carboxyl group or a phosphoric acid group and a lower alkyl (meth) acrylate. It contains a block or graft copolymer. According to this antifogging coating composition, a coating film can be formed in which excellent antifogging properties and adhesion are maintained under a high temperature environment.
- JP-A-6-212146 (Page 2, Page 3, Page 14 to Page 17)
- the anti-fogging coating composition described in Patent Document 1 a long time of 60 minutes is required to heat-cure the coating at a low temperature of 80 ° C. Furthermore, when the relative humidity (RH) of the environment at the time of coating the anti-fogging coating composition is higher than 60%, brushing caused by the hydrophobic polymer portion of the copolymer occurs and the coating becomes white. There was a problem that it was easy.
- the brushing phenomenon refers to fine particles of water in the air on the surface of the coating during coating and drying when the paint is applied and dried and the humidity is high (for example, relative humidity 60% or more). It refers to a phenomenon in which the coating film looks white due to condensation, resin components coagulate and precipitate, and unevenness on the surface of the coating film.
- the object of the present invention is that even when the paint is applied and dried, the brushing phenomenon is suppressed even when the humidity is high, and heat curing can be performed at a low temperature and in a short time, adhesion to a substrate,
- An object of the present invention is to provide an antifogging paint composition capable of obtaining a coating film excellent in heat resistance and antifogging property.
- the antifogging paint composition is a monomer mixture comprising a monomer (A1), a monomer (A2) and a monomer (A3) shown below And a basic compound (B) and a surfactant (C).
- Monomer (A1) vinyl monomer having N-methylol group or N-alkoxymethylol group
- Monomer (A2) vinyl monomer having a sulfonic acid group
- Monomer (A3) alkyl (meth) acrylate monomer.
- the content of the monomer (A1) is 3 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the monomer (A1), the monomer (A2) and the monomer (A3), and the monomer (A2) Content of 3 to 20 parts by mass, content of the monomer (A3) 60 to 94 parts by mass, and a total amount of the monomer (A1) and the monomer (A2) 6 to 40 parts by mass
- the content of the basic compound (B) is 50 to 95 mol% with respect to the sulfonic acid group of the monomer (A2), and the content of the surfactant (C) is the copolymer (A)
- the amount is preferably 0.5 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass.
- the monomer mixture further includes an N, N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide monomer (A4), which is a single amount based on 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the monomer (A3) and the monomer (A4).
- the body (A4) is preferably 5 to 50 parts by mass.
- the base dissociation constant of the basic compound (B) in an aqueous solution at 25 ° C. is preferably 3-14.
- the boiling point of the basic compound (B) is preferably 130 to 1,500 ° C.
- the copolymer (A) has a crosslinked structure formed by the condensation reaction of the N-methylol group or N-alkoxymethylol group of the monomer (A1), and the monomer (A2) is a copolymer It has a neutralized sulfonic acid group which improves the hydrophilicity and heat resistance of (A), and an unneutralized sulfonic acid group which promotes the condensation reaction of the monomer (A1).
- the anti-fog coating composition of the first invention good curability is expressed based on the property of the monomer (A1) forming the copolymer, and at low temperature based on the property of the monomer (A2) The hardening acceleration and the suppression of the brushing phenomenon are expressed, and based on the properties of the monomer (A3), good adhesion to the substrate and heat resistance are expressed. Furthermore, a part of the sulfonic acid group of the monomer (A2) is neutralized based on the nature of the basic compound (B) to enhance the hydrophilicity of the copolymer and to further enhance the effect of suppressing the brushing phenomenon.
- the oxidation degradation of the coating film under high temperature environment resulting from a sulfonic acid group is suppressed, and the outstanding heat resistance is expressed.
- the surface tension of water attached to the coating film surface is reduced by the surfactant action of the surfactant (C) to form a water film, whereby a good antifogging property is exhibited.
- the antifogging coating composition suppresses the brushing phenomenon even when the humidity is high when coating and drying the coating, and is excellent in heat curability at a low temperature and in a short time, and the obtained coating film is used as a substrate Can exhibit excellent adhesion, heat resistance and antifogging properties.
- the anti-fog coating composition of the present embodiment is a copolymer (A) formed from a monomer mixture containing a monomer (A1), a monomer (A2) and a monomer (A3) shown below And a basic compound (B) and a surfactant (C).
- Monomer (A1) N- methylol group (-NHCH 2 OH) or N- alkoxymethylolmelamine group [-NHCH 2 OR, wherein R is an alkyl group] vinyl monomer monomer having a (A2): sulfone Vinyl-based monomer monomer (A3) having an acid group (sulfo group, -SO 3 H): alkyl (meth) acrylate-based monomer
- A1 N- methylol group (-NHCH 2 OH) or N- alkoxymethylolmelamine group [-NHCH 2 OR, wherein R is an alkyl group] vinyl monomer monomer having a (A2): sulfone Vinyl-based monomer monomer (A3) having an acid group (sulfo group, -SO 3 H): alkyl (meth) acrylate-based monomer
- This antifogging paint composition is used, for example, to prevent vehicle lamps such as headlamps. It is suitably used as a cloudy paint.
- the anti-fogging coating composition does not have problems such as brushing phenomenon at the time of coating and drying in a high humidity environment, and is excellent in heat curability at a low temperature and in a short time.
- the coating film obtained by heat-hardening an anti-fog coating composition is excellent in the adhesiveness to a base material (it is also called a to-be-coated thing), heat resistance, and anti-fogging property.
- the components of the antifogging coating composition will be described in order below.
- a monomer (A1) that forms a copolymer that is, a vinyl monomer having an N-methylol group or an N-alkoxymethylol group
- the monomer (A1) is a vinyl-based monomer for forming a crosslinked structure in a copolymer by crosslinking the molecules by a condensation reaction such as a dehydration condensation reaction or a dealcoholization condensation reaction. Since a monomer (A1) has such a crosslinkable functional group, a crosslinked structure is formed in a copolymer by heating the copolymer after manufacture. Also, this condensation reaction is promoted by an acid catalyst.
- Examples of the monomer (A1) include N-methylol (meth) acrylamide, N-methoxymethylol (meth) acrylamide, N-butoxymethylol (meth) acrylamide and the like. One or more of these are used as the monomer (A1).
- particularly preferred monomers (A1) are N-methylol (meth) acrylamides from the viewpoint of excellent storage stability of the antifogging paint composition and excellent heat curing property at low temperature. is there.
- the content of the monomer (A1) is preferably 3 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 5 to 15 parts by mass in 100 parts by mass in total of the monomers (A1), (A2) and (A3). is there.
- the content of the monomer (A1) is less than 3 parts by mass, the curability at a low temperature of the copolymer decreases and the curing time becomes long.
- the content of the monomer (A1) is more than 20 parts by mass, the crosslink density of the copolymer is increased, the antifogging property of the coating film is decreased, and the film is placed under a high temperature environment. In some cases, the crosslinking reaction may progress with time, resulting in a further decrease in antifogging properties.
- the monomer (A2) that is, the vinyl monomer having a sulfonic acid group will be described.
- the monomer (A2) functions as an acid catalyst for promoting the condensation reaction of the monomer (A1) at a low temperature, and enhances the hydrophilicity of the copolymer, and is coated and dried in a high humidity environment When it does, it has a function to suppress the brushing phenomenon and to give a good coating film appearance.
- the monomer (A2) for example, (meth) acrylic acid 3-sulfopropyl, (meth) acrylic acid 2-sulfoethyl, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, p-styrene sulfonic acid, vinyl sulfone Examples include acids and methallylsulfonic acid. One or more of these are used as the monomer (A2).
- preferred monomers (A2) are, from the viewpoint of excellent copolymerizability with the monomer (A1), (meth) acrylic acid 3-sulfopropyl and (meth) acrylic acid -2-sulfoethyl, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid.
- the content of the monomer (A2) is preferably 3 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 5 to 15 parts by mass in 100 parts by mass of the total of the monomers (A1), (A2) and (A3). is there.
- the content of the monomer (A2) is less than 3 parts by mass, the effect of the condensation reaction of the monomer (A1) as an acid catalyst is not sufficient, and the curability of the copolymer at low temperature is lowered. And curing time tends to be long.
- the lack of hydrophilicity of the copolymer may cause a brushing phenomenon when painting and drying are performed in a high humidity environment.
- the content of the monomer (A2) is more than 20 parts by mass, the polarity of the copolymer (A) becomes extremely high, and as a result, the affinity between the coating film and the substrate becomes low.
- the adhesion of the film tends to decrease, and oxidation degradation of the coating under high temperature environment due to the sulfonic acid group of the monomer (A2) tends to occur, and the heat resistance of the coating tends to decrease. is there.
- the alkyl (meth) acrylate type monomer which is a monomer (A3) is demonstrated.
- the monomer (A3) is a component for enhancing the heat resistance of the coating film and enhancing the affinity between the coating film and the substrate to give good adhesion.
- the alkyl (meth) acrylate monomer is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl ester of (meth) acrylic acid.
- methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate examples thereof include t-butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate and the like. One or more of these are used as the monomer (A3).
- Preferred monomers (A3) are lower alkyl (meth) acrylate monomers.
- the lower alkyl (meth) acrylate monomer refers to an alkyl (meth) acrylate monomer having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group of the alkyl ester.
- Further preferable monomers (A3) are lower alkyl (meth) acrylates in which the alkyl group in the alkyl ester has 1 or 2 carbon atoms.
- the content of the monomer (A3) is preferably 60 to 94 parts by mass, more preferably 70 to 90 parts by mass in 100 parts by mass of the total of the monomers (A1), (A2) and (A3). is there.
- the content of the monomer (A3) is less than 60 parts by mass, the proportion of the monomers (A1) and (A2) increases, and the adhesion between the coating film and the substrate decreases.
- the content of the monomer (A3) is more than 94 parts by mass, the proportion of the monomers (A1) and (A2) decreases, so that the curability of the copolymer at low temperatures decreases, and the curing time Tend to be longer.
- vinyl monomers Besides the monomers (A1), (A2) and (A3), other vinyl monomers can be used as monomers for forming a copolymer. . Such other vinyl monomers are not particularly limited as long as they can be copolymerized with the monomers (A1) to (A3).
- vinyl monomers include aromatic vinyl monomers such as styrene, vinyl toluene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, (methoxy) polyethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, (methoxy) polypropylene glycol mono ( Alkoxy alkylene glycol (meth) acrylate monomers such as meth) acrylate, (ethoxy) polyethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, (ethoxy) polypropylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate; 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2- Hydroxyl group-containing vinyl monomers such as hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, and ⁇ -caprolactone adduct of 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate; (meth) acrylic acid , A carboxyl group-containing monomer such as crotonic acid, maleic acid, maleic acid half ester, etc.
- N, N-dimethyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-diethyl (meth) acrylamide, and the like because they are excellent in heat resistance, high in hydrophilicity, and good in suppressing brushing phenomenon.
- N, N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide monomers (sometimes abbreviated as monomer A4) such as meta) acrylamide are preferable.
- One or more monomers (A4) can be used.
- the content of the monomer (A4) is preferably 5 to 50 parts by mass in 100 parts by mass in total of the monomer (A3) and the monomer (A4).
- the hydrophilic property of a copolymer is improved and it is a point that brushing phenomenon can be suppressed, and it is a lower alkyl (meta) acrylate type monomer. It is more preferable to use (A3) in combination with the N, N-dialkylacrylamide monomer (A4).
- the lower alkyl (meth) acrylate monomer (A3) and the N, N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide monomer are used in combination, the lower alkyl (meth) acrylate monomer (A3) and the N, N-
- the content of the lower alkyl (meth) acrylate monomer (A3) is 50 to 90 parts by mass in 100 parts by mass in total with the dialkyl (meth) acrylamide monomer (A4), N, N-dialkyl ( It is preferable that the content of the meta) acrylamide monomer (A4) is in the range to be the balance.
- the amount of the lower alkyl (meth) acrylate monomer (A3) is less than 50 parts by mass, the hydrophilicity of the copolymer becomes extremely high, and the curing time for obtaining a sufficient degree of crosslinking tends to be long. .
- the amount of the lower alkyl (meth) acrylate monomer (A3) is more than 90 parts by mass, the effect of enhancing the hydrophilicity of the copolymer is low, and the effect of suppressing the brushing phenomenon tends to be lowered.
- the copolymer (A) is obtained by copolymerizing a monomer mixture containing the aforementioned monomers (A1), (A2), (A3) and, if necessary, the monomer (A4).
- the structure of the copolymer may be any structure of a random copolymer, an alternating copolymer, a block copolymer and a graft copolymer, but an antifogging paint composition including antifogging properties
- the random copolymer is preferable from the viewpoint of being able to improve the effect of the above and to be able to easily prepare the anti-fogging paint composition.
- a polymerization method for obtaining a copolymer various known polymerization methods such as radical polymerization method, cation polymerization method, anion living polymerization method, cation living polymerization method and the like are adopted, and in particular, industrial productivity is easily facilitated.
- the radical polymerization method is preferred from the viewpoint of performance over many reasons.
- a radical polymerization method a general bulk polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, a solution polymerization method, an emulsion polymerization method and the like are adopted, but a solution polymerization method is preferable in that it can be used as a coating as it is after polymerization.
- the polymerization solvent having a remarkably high boiling point may sometimes impair the adhesion of the coating film to the substrate due to the residue of the polymerization solvent upon drying of the coating and heat curing, and the polymerization solvent having a boiling point of less than 180.degree. It is preferred to use.
- polymerization solvents examples include alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, s-butanol, t-butanol and diacetone alcohol; ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol Alcohol ether solvents such as monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, 3-methoxy-1-butanol, 3-methoxy-3-methyl-1-butanol; acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone Ketone solvents such as tetrahydrofuran; ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane; methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, t-butan
- the total amount of the monomers is 50 parts by mass in a total of 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the monomers (A1), (A2), (A3) and optionally the monomer (A4) and the polymerization solvent used for the polymerization reaction. It is preferable that it is the following. When the proportion of the monomer exceeds 50 parts by mass, the heat of polymerization is increased, and industrial production tends to be difficult.
- organic peroxides include benzoyl peroxide, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyl peroxide, t-butylperoxy-2-hexanoate, t-butylperoxypivalate, and t-hexylperoxypirate. Bareto etc. are mentioned.
- azo compound examples include 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobis-2-methylbutyronitrile and the like.
- the addition amount of the radical polymerization initiator is 0.01 to 5 parts by mass with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of the monomers (A1), (A2), (A3) and, if necessary, the monomer (A4) Is preferred. It is preferable that the radical polymerization initiator carry out the polymerization reaction while dropping into the reaction vessel, since the heat of polymerization can be easily controlled.
- the polymerization temperature is appropriately changed according to the type of the radical polymerization initiator used, but in industrial production, it is preferably 30 to 150 ° C., more preferably 40 to 100 ° C.
- the basic compound is a component for neutralizing a part of the sulfonic acid group of the monomer (A2).
- the basic compound (B) By neutralizing a part of the sulfonic acid group of the monomer (A2) by the basic compound (B), the hydrophilicity of the copolymer is enhanced, and the effect of suppressing the brushing phenomenon is further enhanced, The oxidation degradation of the coating film under high temperature environment resulting from an acid group is suppressed, and heat resistance can be improved.
- Examples of the basic compound (B) include sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, ammonia, methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, dimethylaminoethanol, diethylaminoethanol Aniline, ⁇ -naphthylamine, benzylamine, pyridine, 2,6-lutidine, imidazole and the like. One or more of these are used as the basic compound (B).
- the base dissociation constant of the basic compound (B) in an aqueous solution at 25 ° C. is preferably 3 to 14, and more preferably 4 to 14.
- the basic compound (B) has a boiling point of 130 to 1500 ° C. and volatilizes in a high temperature environment, from the viewpoint that the effect of suppressing oxidation deterioration of a coating film in a high temperature environment caused by a sulfonic acid group is high. It is preferable that the property is low, and one having a boiling point of 150 to 1500 ° C. is more preferable.
- a basic compound (B) for example, sodium hydroxide (boiling point 1390 ° C.), calcium hydroxide (decomposition at melting point 580 ° C.), monoethanolamine (boiling point 172 ° C.), diethanolamine (boiling point 217 ° C.) Ethanolamine (boiling point 335 ° C), dimethylaminoethanol (boiling point 144 ° C), diethylaminoethanol (boiling point 163 ° C), aniline (boiling point 184 ° C), ⁇ -naphthylamine (boiling point 301 ° C), benzylamine (boiling point 183 ° C), 2 And 6-lutidine (boiling point 144 ° C.), imidazole (boiling point 256 ° C.) and the like.
- the basic compound (B) is more preferably a compound having a pKb of 3 to 14 and a boiling point of 130 to 1,500 ° C. in an aqueous solution at 25 ° C.
- Examples of such a basic compound (B) include monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, dimethylaminoethanol, diethylaminoethanol, imidazole and the like.
- the basic compound (B) is a compound having a pKb of 4 to 14 in an aqueous solution at 25 ° C. and a boiling point of 150 to 1,500 ° C.
- Examples of such a basic compound (B) include monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, diethylaminoethanol, imidazole and the like.
- the content of the basic compound (B) is such that the basic compound (B) neutralizes only a part of the sulfonic acid group of the monomer (A2), whereby the monomer (A2) becomes heavy It is determined to have a sulfonic acid group which improves the hydrophilicity and heat resistance of the united body (A), and an unneutralized sulfonic acid group which promotes the condensation reaction of the monomer (A1).
- the content of the basic compound (B) is preferably 50 to 95 mol%, more preferably 60 to 90 mol%, with respect to the sulfonic acid group of the monomer (A2).
- the content of the basic compound (B) is less than 50 mol%, the effect of improving the hydrophilicity and heat resistance of the copolymer is lowered.
- the content of the basic compound (B) is more than 95 mol%, the function of the sulfonic acid group as an acid catalyst is reduced, and the curability of the copolymer at a low temperature is significantly reduced.
- the basic compound (B) As a method of neutralizing the sulfonic acid group of the monomer (A2) by the basic compound (B), a method of adding the basic compound (B) to a solution of the copolymer and the solvent, and a method of producing the copolymer
- the basic compound (B) may be added together with the monomer.
- the acidity is lowered by neutralizing the monomer (A2) with the basic compound (B)
- the solubility in the polymerization solvent is improved, and the reaction vessel is corroded.
- the latter method is preferable because it becomes difficult.
- the surfactant (C) is a component for reducing the surface tension of water adhering to the surface of the coating film and forming a water film on the surface of the coating film to improve the antifogging property.
- the surfactant (C) all conventionally known ones can be used.
- nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, etc. Can be mentioned.
- nonionic surfactants include polyoxyethylene higher alcohol ethers such as polyoxyethylene lauryl alcohol, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether and polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, and polyoxy acids such as polyoxyethylene octylphenol and polyoxyethylene nonylphenol.
- anionic surfactants include fatty acid salts such as sodium oleate and potassium oleate, higher alcohol sulfates such as sodium lauryl sulfate and ammonium lauryl sulfate, and alkylbenzenes such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and sodium alkylnaphthalene sulfonate Sulfonates and alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, naphthalene sulfonic acid formalin condensates, dialkyl sulfosuccinates, dialkyl phosphate salts, polyoxyethylene sulfate salts such as polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether sodium sulfate and the like are used.
- fatty acid salts such as sodium oleate and potassium oleate
- higher alcohol sulfates such as sodium lauryl sulfate and ammonium lauryl sulfate
- cationic surfactants include amine salts such as ethanolamines, laurylamine acetate, triethanolamine monoformate, stearamide ethyl diethylamine acetate, lauryltrimethylammonium chloride, stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, dilauryldimethylammonium Chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, lauryl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, quaternary ammonium salts such as stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and the like are used.
- amine salts such as ethanolamines, laurylamine acetate, triethanolamine monoformate, stearamide ethyl diethylamine acetate, lauryltrimethylammonium chloride, stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, dilauryldimethylammonium Chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, lauryl dimethyl benzyl am
- amphoteric surfactant examples include fatty acid type amphoteric surfactant such as dimethyl alkyl lauryl betaine and dimethyl alkyl stearyl betaine, sulfonic acid type amphoteric surfactant such as dimethyl alkyl sulfobetaine, alkyl glycine etc. Is used.
- the content of the surfactant (C) is preferably 0.5 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the copolymer.
- the content of the surfactant (C) is less than 0.5 parts by mass, it is difficult to obtain the antifogging durability of the coating over a long period of time.
- it exceeds 30 mass parts while the appearance and adhesiveness of a coating film become low, it shows the tendency for the water resistance of a coating film to become low.
- the copolymer may be dissolved in a solvent and the surfactant (C) may be added thereto, and when producing the copolymer, Surfactant (C) may be added together with the monomer.
- the essential components of the antifogging paint composition are the copolymer (A), the basic compound (B), and the surfactant (C).
- Various other conventional additives such as leveling agents, antioxidants, ultraviolet light absorbers, light stabilizers and curing catalysts can be added to the antifogging coating composition as necessary. These other ingredients can be formulated in conventional amounts for each additive.
- the antifogging coating composition is generally prepared by dissolving, dispersing or diluting a solution of the copolymer obtained by the copolymerization of the above monomers, for the purpose of adjusting the viscosity suitable for coating. Manufactured.
- a solvent having an extremely high boiling point may impair the adhesion of the coating to the substrate due to the remaining of the solvent during drying of the coating and heat curing, and therefore a boiling point of less than 180 ° C. It is preferred to use a solvent having
- solvent for example, alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, sec-butanol, t-butanol, diacetone alcohol, etc .; ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol mono Alcohol ether solvents such as ethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, 3-methoxy-1-butanol, 3-methoxy-3-methyl-1-butanol; acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, etc.
- alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, sec-butanol, t-butanol, diacetone alcohol, etc .
- Ketone solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane; methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, t-butyl acetate, lactic acid Ester solvents such as methyl and ethyl lactate; aromatic solvents such as benzene, toluene and xylene; amide solvents such as formamide and dimethylformamide; n-hexane, cyclohexane, n-heptane, n-octane, n-decane and the like Hydrocarbon solvents, water and the like. One or more of these can be used as a solvent.
- the coated article formed using the above-mentioned anti-fogging coating composition is demonstrated.
- the coated article is coated with the anti-fog coating composition on a substrate to be coated, dried, and heat cured at a temperature of 60 to 150 ° C. for 5 to 60 minutes to form a coating on the surface of the substrate. It is done.
- the antifogging coating composition is applied to an object to be coated by a coating method performed in a conventional coating material.
- a coating method for the purpose of enhancing the wettability of the anti-fogging coating composition to the object to be coated and preventing repelling, it is preferable to carry out removal of foreign substances adhering to the surface of the object to be coated, degreasing and cleaning.
- dust removal with high pressure air or ionized air, ultrasonic cleaning with a detergent aqueous solution or an alcohol solvent, wiping using an alcohol solvent or the like, cleaning with ultraviolet light and ozone, and the like can be mentioned.
- a coating method a dipping method, a flow coating method, a roll coating method, a bar coating method, a spray coating method, etc. are suitable.
- the solvent contained in the coating is evaporated to dryness at a temperature of 20 to 50 ° C. for 0.5 to 5 minutes.
- a coating is formed by heat curing at a temperature of 60 to 150 ° C. for 5 to 60 minutes, preferably at a temperature of 70 to 130 ° C. for 10 to 40 minutes.
- the dehydration condensation reaction or the dealcoholization condensation reaction of the N-methylol group or the N-alkoxymethylol group of the monomer (A1) contained in the copolymer is promoted by the sulfonic acid group of the monomer (A2) To form a crosslinked structure in the copolymer.
- the object to be coated is a synthetic resin material, it is necessary to set the curing temperature to be equal to or less than the heat distortion temperature of the synthetic resin material.
- the film thickness of the coating film formed on the object to be coated by the antifogging coating composition is preferably 0.5 to 20 ⁇ m, and is 1 to 10 ⁇ m in order to obtain good antifogging properties and coating film appearance. Is more preferred.
- the film thickness is smaller than 0.5 ⁇ m, the antifogging property of the coating film tends to decrease, and when it exceeds 20 ⁇ m, the coating film appearance tends to deteriorate.
- the film of transparent resin such as an acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, a polyethylene terephthalate resin, a board
- a vehicle lamp is particularly preferable as the object to be coated. Specifically as a vehicle lamp, headlights, auxiliary headlights, side lights, number lights, tail lights, parking lights, brake lights, reverse lights, directional lights, auxiliary directional lights, emergency flashing lights, etc. It can be mentioned.
- the oxidation deterioration of the coating film in a high temperature environment caused by the sulfonic acid group is suppressed, and excellent heat resistance is expressed.
- the surface tension of water attached to the coating film surface is reduced by the surfactant action of the surfactant (C) to form a water film, whereby a good antifogging property is exhibited.
- the antifogging coating composition suppresses the brushing phenomenon even when the humidity is high when coating and drying the coating, and at the same time it is excellent in heat curability at a low temperature and in a short time, the obtained coating film is a substrate It can exhibit excellent adhesion to the surface, heat resistance and antifogging properties.
- the basic compound (B) is set to 50 to 95 mol% with respect to the sulfonic acid group of the monomer (A2).
- the hydrophilicity of the copolymer can be enhanced to sufficiently suppress the brushing phenomenon, and the catalytic function of the sulfonic acid group can be sufficiently maintained, and under the high temperature environment caused by the sulfonic acid group. Oxidative deterioration of the coating film can be suppressed, and heat resistance can be improved.
- the surfactant (C) is set to 0.5 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the copolymer (A), the surface tension of water adhering to the surface of the coating film is reduced. Can exert sufficient effect to form a water film.
- the monomer mixture further contains N, N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide monomer (A4), relative to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of monomer (A3) and monomer (A4)
- A4 N, N-dialkyl (meth) acrylamide monomer
- Example 1 The following compounds were charged in a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, a nitrogen introducing pipe and a cooling pipe, and heated to 65 ° C. while blowing nitrogen gas.
- NPA n-propanol
- N-MAA N-methylol acrylamide
- AMPS 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid
- BA n-butyl acrylate
- DMAA N, N-dimethyl acrylamide
- the copolymer concentration is adjusted to 10% by mass by adding 266.7 g of NPA and 400 g of propylene glycol monomethyl ether (hereinafter abbreviated as PGM) to 333.3 g of the above copolymer solution (100 g as a copolymer) to adjust the copolymer concentration Agent (C): Di 2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate sodium (trade name of Rape-Zole A-80 (active ingredient 80% by mass) manufactured by NOF Corporation) 10 g (8 g pure), polyether as a leveling agent 0.1 g of a modified polydimethylsiloxane (trade name of BYK 333 manufactured by Bick Chemie Japan Co., Ltd.) and 0.1 g were mixed to obtain an antifogging paint composition.
- PGM propylene glycol monomethyl ether
- a colorless and transparent coating film is obtained under an environment set to 90% relative humidity.
- a colorless and transparent coating film is obtained under an environment set to a relative humidity of 80%.
- a colorless and transparent coating film is obtained under an environment set to 70% relative humidity.
- X A colorless and transparent coating film is obtained under an environment set to a relative humidity of 60%.
- the above-mentioned anti-fogging coating composition is coated on a polycarbonate resin plate by a spray coating method so that the film thickness of the coating after curing is 2 to 3 ⁇ m, and dried at 30 ° C for 1 minute Then, heat curing was carried out at 80.degree. C. for 10 to 90 minutes to obtain a coated film specimen.
- the curing time varies in the range of 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 40 minutes, 60 minutes and 90 minutes at maximum, and the obtained coating film is immersed in warm water at 40 ° C. for 240 hours and then dried at room temperature for 1 hour The coating appearance was evaluated visually.
- the minimum curing time in which the appearance of the coating after immersion in the hot water does not change from that before the test was taken as the required curing time. There is no problem in practical use if the required curing time is within 40 minutes, more preferably within 20 minutes, and most preferably within 10 minutes.
- the test piece is placed at a height of 5 cm from the water surface of the warm water bath where the film test piece formed on the polycarbonate resin plate or acrylic resin plate is kept at 80 ° C.
- the coating film was continuously irradiated with steam from a warm water bath, and the presence or absence of cloudiness 10 seconds after the irradiation was visually evaluated in the following five steps.
- evaluation is x or xx, there will be a problem in practical use, if it is (triangle
- ⁇ Immediately after the steam irradiation, it becomes cloudy only for a moment and for a moment, but after that, no cloudiness is observed. ⁇ : Slight haze or no haze but no coating surface is not smooth but rough. X: Cloudiness is clearly observed. X: The coating film is whitened immediately after the steam irradiation because the film is insufficiently cured.
- the coated film test piece formed on the polycarbonate resin plate was allowed to stand in an atmosphere at 120 ° C. for 240 hours and then cooled at room temperature for 1 hour. After cooling, the antifogging test was conducted to make the same evaluation.
- Examples 2 to 8 A copolymer solution is prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the kind of the basic compound (B) and the addition amount of the monomer (A2) to the sulfonic acid group are changed as shown in Table 2, and then Clouding paint compositions were produced, and the results of evaluation were shown in Table 2. Physical properties of the basic compound (B) used in each example are shown in Table 1.
- Examples 9 to 17 A copolymer solution was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the components shown in Table 3 and their compounding ratios were changed, and then an antifogging coating composition was produced, and the results were evaluated. It is shown in 3.
- N-MAA N-methylol acrylamide AMPS: 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid MMA: methyl methacrylate 2-EHMA: 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate BA: n-butyl acrylate DMAA: N, N-dimethyl acrylamide NPA: n- Propanol PGM: Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether
- the basic compound (B) has the above-mentioned pKb of 6.2, 7.1, and the boiling point, respectively.
- the anti-fog coating compositions of Examples 1 and 2 have very excellent brushing resistance, can be heat-cured at a low temperature and in a short time, and have extremely excellent coating film performance. .
- the basic compound (B) is dimethylaminoethanol having a pKb of 4.1 and a boiling point of 144 ° C., and the basic compound (B) is more basic than in the case of Example 1. Because of the low boiling point, the anti-fogging paint composition of Example 3 was slightly inferior in heat resistance as compared to Example 1.
- Example 4 the basic compound (B) is a pyridine having a pKb of 8.8 and a boiling point of 115 ° C., and the boiling point of the basic compound (B) is lower than in the case of Example 1; Although heat resistance was inferior compared with Example 1, there was no problem in practical use.
- Example 5 since the basic compound (B) is triethylamine having a pKb of 3.2 and a boiling point of 90 ° C. and the pKb of the basic compound (B) is slightly smaller than that of Example 1, The required curing time was slightly longer in Example 5 as compared to Example 1. Furthermore, Example 5 was inferior in heat resistance to Example 1 because the boiling point of the basic compound (B) was lower than that of Example 1, but there was no problem in practical use.
- Example 6 the basic compound (B) is sodium hydroxide having a pKb of 0.2 and a boiling point of 1390 ° C., and the pKb of the basic compound (B) is smaller than that of Example 1, so Although the required curing time was longer in Example 6 compared to Example 1, there was no problem in practical use.
- Example 7 since the amount of use of triethanolamine which is the basic compound (B) is the lower limit value of the preferred range, Example 7 is slightly inferior in brushing resistance to the case of Example 1 and heat resistance There was no problem in practical use.
- Example 8 since the use amount of triethanolamine which is the basic compound (B) is the upper limit value of the preferable range, the necessary curing time in Example 8 was longer than that in Example 1, but it was practically used. There was no problem above.
- Example 9 since the content of the monomer (A1) is the lower limit value of the preferable range, the curability of the copolymer decreases and the required curing time becomes slightly longer.
- Example 10 since the content of the monomer (A1) is the upper limit value of the preferable range, the crosslinking density of the copolymer is increased, the antifogging property of the coating film is decreased, and the heat resistance is decreased. However, there was no problem in practical use.
- Example 11 since the content of the monomer (A2) is the lower limit value of the preferable range, the hydrophilicity and the curability of the copolymer decrease, the brushing resistance decreases, and the required curing time is It was slightly longer, but there was no problem in practical use.
- Example 12 since the content of the monomer (A2) is the upper limit value of the preferable range, the polarity of the copolymer is increased and the affinity between the coating film and the substrate is reduced, and as a result, the adhesion is Although the decrease was observed and the heat resistance decreased, there was no problem in practical use.
- Example 13 the total amount of the monomer (A1) and the monomer (A2) is the lower limit of the preferred range, and the content of the monomer (A3) is the upper limit of the preferred range.
- the hydrophilicity and curability of the polymer decreased, the brushing resistance decreased, and the required curing time became longer, but there was no problem in practical use.
- Example 14 the total amount of the monomer (A1) and the monomer (A2) is the upper limit value of the preferable range, and the content of the monomer (A3) is the lower limit value of the preferable range. Therefore, as the polarity of the copolymer increases and the affinity between the coating film and the substrate decreases, the adhesion decreases, the antifogging property decreases, and the crosslink density of the copolymer increases. Although the antifogging property of the coating film was lowered and the heat resistance was lowered, there was no problem in practical use.
- Example 15 MMA (the carbon number of the alkyl group of the alkyl ester is 1) used as the monomer (A3) of Example 1 is changed to 2-EHMA (the carbon number of the alkyl group of the alkyl ester is 8) As a result, the hydrophilicity of the copolymer decreased and the brushing resistance decreased, but there was no problem in practical use.
- Example 16 since the content of the surfactant (C) is the lower limit value of the preferable range, the ability to form a water film is lower than in Example 1, and the antifogging property is lowered. There was no problem.
- Example 17 since the content of the surfactant (C) is the upper limit value of the preferable range, the adhesion is lower than that of Example 1, but there is no problem in practical use.
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Abstract
Description
単量体(A1):N-メチロール基又はN-アルコキシメチロール基を有するビニル系単量体、
単量体(A2):スルホン酸基を有するビニル系単量体、
単量体(A3):アルキル(メタ)アクリレート系単量体。
塩基性化合物(B)の沸点が130~1500℃であることが好ましい。
第1の発明の防曇塗料組成物では、共重合体を形成する単量体(A1)の性質に基づいて良好な硬化性が発現され、単量体(A2)の性質に基づいて低温での硬化性の促進とブラッシング現象の抑制が発現され、単量体(A3)の性質に基づいて基材との良好な密着性と耐熱性が発現される。さらに、塩基性化合物(B)の性質に基づいて単量体(A2)のスルホン酸基の一部が中和されて共重合体の親水性が高められ、さらにブラッシング現象の抑制効果が高められるうえ、スルホン酸基に起因する高温環境下での塗膜の酸化劣化が抑制されて、優れた耐熱性が発現される。また、界面活性剤(C)の界面活性作用によって塗膜表面に付着した水分の表面張力を低下させて水膜を形成させることにより良好な防曇性が発現される。
<防曇塗料組成物>
本実施形態の防曇塗料組成物は、下記に示す単量体(A1)、単量体(A2)及び単量体(A3)を含む単量体混合物から形成される共重合体(A)と、塩基性化合物(B)と、界面活性剤(C)とを含有するものである。
単量体(A1):N-メチロール基(-NHCH2OH)又はN-アルコキシメチロール基〔-NHCH2OR、但しRはアルキル基〕を有するビニル系単量体
単量体(A2):スルホン酸基(スルホ基、-SO3H)を有するビニル系単量体
単量体(A3):アルキル(メタ)アクリレート系単量体
この防曇塗料組成物は例えばヘッドランプ等の車両灯具の防曇塗料として好適に用いられるものである。該防曇塗料組成物は、高湿度環境下での塗装及び乾燥時にブラッシング現象等の問題が発生せず、低温かつ短時間での加熱硬化性に優れている。そして、防曇塗料組成物を加熱硬化させて得られる塗膜は、基材(被塗装物ともいう)への密着性、耐熱性及び防曇性に優れている。
〔共重合体(A)〕
[単量体(A1)]
まず、共重合体を形成する単量体(A1)即ちN-メチロール基又はN-アルコキシメチロール基を有するビニル系単量体について説明する。該単量体(A1)は、脱水縮合反応や脱アルコール縮合反応等の縮合反応により分子間を架橋させて共重合体に架橋構造を形成するためのビニル系単量体である。単量体(A1)がこのような架橋性官能基を有することにより、製造後の共重合体を加熱することによって共重合体に架橋構造が形成される。また、この縮合反応は酸触媒によって促進される。
続いて、単量体(A2)即ちスルホン酸基を有するビニル系単量体について説明する。該単量体(A2)は、前記単量体(A1)の縮合反応を低温で促進させるための酸触媒としての機能と、共重合体の親水性を高め、高湿度環境下で塗装及び乾燥を行った場合にブラッシング現象を抑制し、良好な塗膜外観を与えるための機能を有する。
続いて、単量体(A3)であるアルキル(メタ)アクリレート系単量体について説明する。この単量体(A3)は、塗膜の耐熱性を高め、かつ塗膜と基材との親和性を高めて良好な密着性を与えるための成分である。アルキル(メタ)アクリレート系単量体とは、(メタ)アクリル酸の直鎖、分岐又は環状のアルキルエステルである。
前記単量体(A1)、単量体(A2)及び単量体(A3)以外にも共重合体を形成するための単量体としてさらにその他のビニル系単量体を使用することができる。そのようなその他のビニル系単量体としては、単量体(A1)~(A3)と共重合が可能であれば特に制限されない。
その他のビニル系単量体の中では、耐熱性に優れ、親水性が高く、ブラッシング現象の抑制効果が良好であるという点から、N,N-ジメチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N,N-ジエチル(メタ)アクリルアミド等のN,N-ジアルキル(メタ)アクリルアミド系単量体(単量体A4と略記することがある)が好ましい。1種又は2種以上の単量体(A4)を使用することができる。単量体(A4)の含有量は単量体(A3)及び単量体(A4)の合計100質量部中5~50質量部が好ましい。
共重合体(A)は、前述の単量体(A1)、(A2)、(A3)及び必要により単量体(A4)を含む単量体混合物を共重合することにより得られる。共重合体の構造としては、ランダム共重合体、交互共重合体、ブロック共重合体及びグラフト共重合体のいずれの構造であってもよいが、防曇性をはじめとする防曇塗料組成物の効果を向上させることができると共に、防曇塗料組成物を容易に調製することができるという観点からランダム共重合体が好ましい。共重合体を得るための重合方法としては、ラジカル重合法、カチオン重合法、アニオンリビング重合法、カチオンリビング重合法等の公知の各種重合方法が採用されるが、特に工業的な生産性の容易さ、多義にわたる性能面より、ラジカル重合法が好ましい。ラジカル重合法としては、通常の塊状重合法、懸濁重合法、溶液重合法、乳化重合法等が採用されるが、重合後にそのまま塗料として使用することができる点で溶液重合法が好ましい。
重合溶媒について、著しい高沸点を有する重合溶媒は、塗膜の乾燥、加熱硬化時に重合溶媒の残留によって基材に対する塗膜の密着性を損なう場合もあり、180℃未満の沸点を有する重合溶媒を使用することが好ましい。そのような重合溶媒としては、例えばメタノール、エタノール、n-プロパノール、イソプロパノール、n-ブタノール、イソブタノール、s-ブタノール、t-ブタノール、ジアセトンアルコール等のアルコール系溶剤;エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、3-メトキシ-1-ブタノール、3-メトキシ-3-メチル-1-ブタノール等のアルコールエーテル系溶剤;アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン等のケトン系溶剤;テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン等のエーテル系溶剤;酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸n-ブチル、酢酸イソブチル、酢酸t-ブチル、乳酸メチル、乳酸エチル等のエステル系溶剤;ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族系溶剤;ホルムアミド、ジメチルホルムアミド等のアミド系溶剤;水等が使用される。これらのうちの1種又は2種以上を重合溶媒として使用することができる。
次に、塩基性化合物(B)について説明する。該塩基性化合物は前記単量体(A2)のスルホン酸基の一部を中和するための成分である。単量体(A2)のスルホン酸基の一部が塩基性化合物(B)によって中和されることにより、共重合体の親水性が高められ、さらにブラッシング現象の抑制効果が高くなるうえ、スルホン酸基に起因する高温環境下での塗膜の酸化劣化が抑制されて、耐熱性を向上させることができる。
次に、界面活性剤(C)について説明する。該界面活性剤(C)は塗膜表面に付着した水分の表面張力を低下させ、塗膜表面に水膜を形成させることにより防曇性を向上させるための成分である。界面活性剤(C)としては、従来公知のものを全て使用することができ、例えば非イオン系界面活性剤、陰イオン系界面活性剤、陽イオン系界面活性剤及び両性イオン系界面活性剤等が挙げられる。これらのうち、効果の持続性の点から、陰イオン系界面活性剤を少なくとも1種以上含んでいることが好ましい。
防曇塗料組成物の必須成分は共重合体(A)、塩基性化合物(B)、及び界面活性剤(C)である。防曇塗料組成物には、その他の成分として必要によりレベリング剤、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、光安定剤、硬化触媒等の慣用の各種添加剤を配合することができる。これらその他の成分は、それぞれの添加剤につき慣用的な添加量で配合することができる。
防曇塗料組成物は前記単量体の共重合によって得られた共重合体の溶液を、塗装に適した粘度調整を目的として、一般的に溶剤を加えて溶解、分散又は希釈をすることによって製造される。共重合体溶液に加える溶剤について、著しい高沸点を有する溶剤は、塗膜の乾燥、加熱硬化時における溶剤の残留によって基材に対する塗膜の密着性を損なう場合もあるため、180℃未満の沸点を有する溶剤を使用することが好ましい。
前述の防曇塗料組成物を用いて形成される塗装物品について説明する。該塗装物品は、防曇塗料組成物を基材である被塗装物に塗布、乾燥し、次いで60~150℃の温度で5~60分間加熱硬化することによって被塗装物表面に塗膜が形成されたものである。
(1) 実施形態の防曇塗料組成物では、単量体(A1)の性質によって良好な硬化性が発現され、単量体(A2)の性質によって低温での硬化性の促進とブラッシング現象の抑制が発現され、単量体(A3)の性質によって基材との良好な密着性と耐熱性が発現される。さらに、塩基性化合物(B)の性質によって単量体(A2)のスルホン酸基の一部が中和されて共重合体の親水性が高められ、加えてブラッシング現象の抑制効果が高められるうえ、スルホン酸基に起因する高温環境下での塗膜の酸化劣化が抑制されて、優れた耐熱性が発現される。また、界面活性剤(C)の界面活性作用によって塗膜表面に付着した水分の表面張力を低下させて水膜を形成させることにより良好な防曇性が発現される。
〔実施例1〕
攪拌装置、窒素導入管及び冷却管を備えた反応容器に下記の化合物を仕込み、窒素ガスを吹き込みながら65℃に加熱した。
重合溶媒としてのn-プロパノール(以下、NPAと略記する)240g;
単量体(A1)としてのN-メチロールアクリルアミド(以下、N-MAAと略記する)10g;
単量体(A2)としての2-アクリルアミド-2-メチルプロパンスルホン酸(以下、AMPSと略記する)10g;
単量体(A3)としてのメチルメタクリレート(以下、MMAと略記する)60g、n-ブチルアクリレート(以下、BAと略記する)20g;
単量体(A4)としてのN,N-ジメチルアクリルアミド(以下、DMAAと略記する)20g;
塩基性化合物(B)としてのトリエタノールアミン(表1参照、25℃における水溶液中での塩基解離定数pKb=6.2、沸点335℃)5.04g。
30℃、60~90%RHの任意の相対湿度に設定した環境下で、上記防曇塗料組成物をポリカーボネート樹脂板に硬化後の塗膜の膜厚が2~3μmとなるようにスプレーコート法にて塗装を行い、塗装後そのまま30分間同じ環境下に放置した。次いで、80℃で10分間加熱硬化を行い、塗膜試験片を得た。60~90%の範囲内の様々な相対湿度RHにおいて上記の方法で塗膜試験片を作製した。塗膜の外観を目視により観察し、白化等の外観異常がみられない最大の相対湿度を特定し、次の四段階で評価した。なお、評価が×であれば実用上問題があり、△であれば実用上問題なく、○であればより好ましく、◎であれば非常に好ましい。
◎:相対湿度90%に設定した環境下で無色透明の塗膜が得られる。
○:相対湿度80%に設定した環境下で無色透明の塗膜が得られる。
△:相対湿度70%に設定した環境下で無色透明の塗膜が得られる。
×:相対湿度60%に設定した環境下で無色透明の塗膜が得られる。
上記防曇塗料組成物をポリカーボネート樹脂板に硬化後の塗膜の膜厚が2~3μmとなるようにスプレーコート法にて塗装を行い、30℃で1分間乾燥を行った後、80℃で10~90分間の任意の時間加熱硬化を行い、塗膜試験片を得た。硬化時間を10分、20分、40分、60分及び最大で90分の範囲で変化さ、得られた塗膜を40℃の温水に240時間浸漬後、室温にて1時間乾燥した後の塗膜外観を目視によって評価した。上記温水浸漬後の塗膜外観が試験前と変化がない最小の硬化時間を必要硬化時間とした。なお、必要硬化時間が40分以内であれば実用上問題なく、20分以内であればより好ましく、10分以内であれば非常に好ましい。
上記防曇塗料組成物をポリカーボネート樹脂板及びアクリル樹脂板に硬化後の塗膜の膜厚が2~3μmとなるようにスプレーコート法にて塗装を行い、30℃で1分間乾燥を行った後、80℃で上記必要硬化時間の加熱硬化を行い、塗膜試験片を得た。
上記ポリカーボネート樹脂(PC)板に形成させた塗膜試験片につき、塗膜の縦1cm、横1cmの領域を縦横それぞれ1mm間隔でカットし、100個のます目を作った。そのます目の表面にセロハンテープを圧着させ、急激に剥がした際の外観を目視にて観察し、次の4段階で評価した。なお、評価が×であれば実用上問題があり、△であれば実用上問題なく、○であればより好ましく、◎であれば非常に好ましい。
◎:全く剥離を生じない。
○:カットの交差点において、わずかに剥離が認められる。
△:一部に剥離が認められる。
×:全て剥離している。
樹脂板をアクリル樹脂(PMMA)板に変更した以外は、上記密着性(PC)と同様にして評価を行った。
上記ポリカーボネート樹脂板又はアクリル樹脂板に形成させた塗膜試験片を80℃に保った温水浴の水面から5cmの高さの所に、試験片を塗膜面が下になるように設置し、温水浴からのスチームを塗膜に連続照射し、照射から10秒後の曇りの有無を目視によって次の5段階で評価した。なお、評価が×または××であれば実用上問題があり、△であれば実用上問題なく、○であればより好ましく、◎であれば非常に好ましい。
◎:曇りが全く認められない。
○:スチームを照射した直後に、わずかにかつ一瞬だけ曇るが、その後は曇りが認められない。
△:わずかに曇りが認められるか、又は曇りは認められないが塗膜表面が平滑ではなく荒れた状態である。
×:はっきりと曇りが認められる。
××:塗膜が硬化不足であるため、スチームを照射した直後に塗膜が白化する。
上記ポリカーボネート樹脂板に形成させた塗膜試験片を120℃雰囲気下に240時間放置後、室温にて1時間冷却した。冷却後に前記防曇性試験を実施して同様の評価を行った。
塩基性化合物(B)の種類と単量体(A2)のスルホン酸基に対する添加量を表2のように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして共重合体溶液を調製し、次いで防曇塗料組成物を製造し、それぞれにつき評価を行った結果を表2に示す。なお、各実施例で使用した塩基性化合物(B)の物性を表1に示す。
表3に示す成分及びその配合比に変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして共重合体溶液を調製し、次いで防曇塗料組成物を製造し、それぞれにつき評価を行った結果を表3に示す。
N-MAA:N-メチロールアクリルアミド
AMPS:2-アクリルアミド-2-メチルプロパンスルホン酸
MMA:メチルメタクリレート
2-EHMA:2-エチルヘキシルメタクリレート
BA:n-ブチルアクリレート
DMAA:N,N-ジメチルアクリルアミド
NPA:n-プロパノール
PGM:プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル
表2に示したように、実施例1、2の防曇塗料組成物では、塩基性化合物(B)は前記pKbがそれぞれ6.2、7.1、沸点がそれぞれ335℃、256℃であるトリエタノールアミン又はイミダゾールであり、共重合体の組成や各成分の含有量がより好ましい範囲にある。そのため、実施例1、2の防曇塗料組成物は、非常に優れた耐ブラッシング性を有し、低温かつ短時間で加熱硬化させることができ、非常に優れた塗膜性能を有していた。
実施例10では、単量体(A1)の含有量が好ましい範囲の上限値であるため、共重合体の架橋密度が高くなって塗膜の防曇性が低下し、かつ耐熱性が低下したが、実用上問題はなかった。
Claims (6)
- 下記に示す単量体(A1)、単量体(A2)及び単量体(A3)を含む単量体混合物から形成される共重合体(A)と、塩基性化合物(B)と、界面活性剤(C)とを含有することを特徴とする防曇塗料組成物。
単量体(A1):N-メチロール基又はN-アルコキシメチロール基を有するビニル系単量体
単量体(A2):スルホン酸基を有するビニル系単量体
単量体(A3):アルキル(メタ)アクリレート系単量体 - 単量体(A1)、単量体(A2)及び単量体(A3)の合計量100質量部に対して単量体(A1)の含有量が3~20質量部、単量体(A2)の含有量が3~20質量部、単量体(A3)の含有量が60~94質量部、及び単量体(A1)及び単量体(A2)の合計量が6~40質量部であり、
塩基性化合物(B)の含有量が単量体(A2)のスルホン酸基に対して50~95モル%であり、
界面活性剤(C)の含有量が共重合体(A)100質量部に対して0.5~30質量部であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の防曇塗料組成物。 - 前記単量体混合物はN,N-ジアルキル(メタ)アクリルアミド系単量体(A4)を更に含み、単量体(A3)及び単量体(A4)の合計量100質量部に対して単量体(A4)が5~50質量部であることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の防曇塗料組成物。
- 25℃における水溶液中での塩基性化合物(B)の塩基解離定数が3~14であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の防曇塗料組成物。
- 塩基性化合物(B)の沸点が130~1500℃であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の防曇塗料組成物。
- 共重合体(A)は単量体(A1)のN-メチロール基又はN-アルコキシメチロール基の縮合反応により形成された架橋構造を有し、
単量体(A2)は共重合体(A)の親水性を向上させる中和されたスルホン酸基と、単量体(A1)の前記縮合反応を促進させる未中和のスルホン酸基とを有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の防曇塗料組成物。
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US8921455B2 (en) | 2014-12-30 |
CN102666753A (zh) | 2012-09-12 |
CN102666753B (zh) | 2016-04-13 |
JP2011140589A (ja) | 2011-07-21 |
EP2522702A4 (en) | 2013-12-11 |
US20120245250A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 |
JP5568995B2 (ja) | 2014-08-13 |
EP2522702A1 (en) | 2012-11-14 |
BR112012013726A2 (pt) | 2020-09-15 |
KR101757008B1 (ko) | 2017-07-11 |
BR112012013726B1 (pt) | 2021-02-17 |
KR20120123250A (ko) | 2012-11-08 |
ES2542402T3 (es) | 2015-08-05 |
EP2522702B1 (en) | 2015-04-15 |
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