WO2011024460A1 - 入力装置 - Google Patents
入力装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011024460A1 WO2011024460A1 PCT/JP2010/005273 JP2010005273W WO2011024460A1 WO 2011024460 A1 WO2011024460 A1 WO 2011024460A1 JP 2010005273 W JP2010005273 W JP 2010005273W WO 2011024460 A1 WO2011024460 A1 WO 2011024460A1
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- piezoelectric element
- load
- tactile sensation
- touch sensor
- pressing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/016—Input arrangements with force or tactile feedback as computer generated output to the user
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/0414—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using force sensing means to determine a position
- G06F3/04142—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using force sensing means to determine a position the force sensing means being located peripherally, e.g. disposed at the corners or at the side of a touch sensing plate
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/0416—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
- G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
- G06F2203/04105—Pressure sensors for measuring the pressure or force exerted on the touch surface without providing the touch position
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an input device including a touch sensor.
- a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone, an information device such as a calculator and a ticket vending machine, a home appliance such as a microwave oven, a television, and a lighting fixture, an industrial device (FA device), etc.
- input devices such as switches, input devices including touch sensors such as touch panels and touch switches are widely used.
- any type of touch sensor accepts a touch input by a finger or a stylus pen, and the touch sensor itself is not physically displaced like a push button switch even when touched.
- a touch input is received and a sound is produced, or a display color of an input object such as an input button displayed on the display unit corresponding to the input position is displayed.
- an input operation can be confirmed by hearing or vision by changing the display mode such as changing.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 merely vibrate the touch sensor when the touch sensor receives an input. For this reason, especially when a button switch such as a push button switch (push-type button switch) is drawn on the top of the touch sensor, when the threshold value for accepting input from the touch sensor is low, a finger or the like touches the touch sensor lightly. A tactile sensation is presented just by touching. As a result, an erroneous operation is induced in response to an unintended operation (touch) before the operator pushes, or a sense of incongruity due to an unintended operation (touch) before the operator pushes is given.
- the threshold value for accepting input by touch of the touch sensor is a threshold value with which the touch sensor reacts.
- this threshold value is a threshold value of the pressing force with which the upper conductive film contacts the lower conductive film, and in the case of the capacitance method, it is a detection threshold value of the electrical signal due to contact.
- this input device when the operator pushes the touch surface and the pressing load satisfies a predetermined standard, a click feeling is presented. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent the above-described erroneous operation due to an unintended touch or to give a sense of incongruity and allow the operator to recognize that the input has been accepted as a tactile sensation.
- a load sensor for detecting a pressing load on the touch sensor and an actuator for vibrating the touch sensor are required.
- the number of parts increases and the cost is increased, and it is necessary to secure a space for installing the parts, resulting in an increase in the size of the apparatus.
- the present applicant uses the piezoelectric positive effect and the piezoelectric reverse effect of the piezoelectric element to detect the pressure load on the touch surface of the touch sensor.
- the piezoelectric element is shared as a load sensor and an actuator. That is, in this case, the piezoelectric element is connected to the piezoelectric control circuit, and the pressing load is detected by the piezoelectric control circuit based on the output voltage of the piezoelectric element. Then, when the pressing load satisfies a predetermined standard for presenting tactile sensation, a configuration is assumed in which a drive signal is supplied from the piezoelectric control circuit to the piezoelectric element to vibrate the piezoelectric element.
- FIG. 8 shows a case where one cycle of a sine wave having a predetermined frequency is applied as the drive signal Vd.
- the piezoelectric element vibrates in a loaded state, that is, under the pressure of the touch sensor by the object to be pressed.
- the drive signal Vd that vibrates the piezoelectric element is larger than the output voltage Vs generated by the pressing by the pressing target, for example, 30 Vp-p.
- the drive signal Vd is applied in a state of being superimposed on the output voltage Vs (reference voltage Vref) in a state where the output voltage Vs of the piezoelectric element is at the reference voltage Vref. For this reason, depending on the piezoelectric element, the usable voltage range is exceeded, and the usable piezoelectric element is limited.
- a load detection unit for detecting a pressing load based on the output voltage Vs of the piezoelectric element and a piezoelectric element driving unit for driving the piezoelectric element by the drive signal Vd are provided separately.
- the structure which controls the drive of a piezoelectric element by selectively connecting these load detection parts and a piezoelectric element drive part to a piezoelectric element is assumed.
- the connection of the piezoelectric element is connected at the point P when the load detection unit detects that the output voltage Vs of the piezoelectric element has reached the reference voltage Vref that provides tactile sensation. Switch to. Then, the piezoelectric element driving unit vibrates the piezoelectric element with the drive signal Vd to present a click feeling.
- the piezoelectric element when the output voltage Vs of the piezoelectric element reaches the reference voltage Vref, the piezoelectric element is driven by applying a drive signal Vd to the piezoelectric element.
- the output voltage Vs changes as shown in FIG. 10, for example. That is, when the output voltage Vs of the piezoelectric element increases to the positive polarity side when the touch sensor starts to be pressed, the output voltage Vs immediately after driving the piezoelectric element increases relatively sharply from 0 V to the negative polarity side. After that, it shows a behavior of gradually returning to 0 V due to spontaneous discharge of accumulated charges.
- Such a phenomenon is not limited to the case where a drive signal that presents a click sensation like a push button switch is applied as a drive signal, but a drive signal that presents a tactile sensation that can be perceived as vibration that is felt, for example, “Bulle” is applied. It is presumed that the same is true in the case of doing so.
- the output voltage Vs after driving the piezoelectric element may be assumed to change from 0 V to the positive polarity side, contrary to the case of FIG.
- the output voltage Vs reaches the reference voltage Vref immediately after the piezoelectric element is driven, and the piezoelectric element is driven.
- the operator feels a click tactile sensation continuously in a short time, and similarly presents a tactile sensation different from that of the push button switch, giving a sense of incongruity.
- the piezoelectric element is shared as a load sensor and an actuator for tactile sensation, and the connection destination of the piezoelectric element is switched to the load detection unit or the piezoelectric element driving unit, so that the pressing load detection process and the piezoelectric element driving process are performed.
- the output voltage Vs after driving the piezoelectric element does not correspond to the pressing load actually pressed. For this reason, if the operation of detecting the pressing load by the load detection unit is started immediately after the driving of the piezoelectric element and the driving of the piezoelectric element is controlled, the operator may not be presented with a tactile sensation appropriately. Become.
- the object of the present invention made in view of the above points is to reduce the cost and reduce the size, and various piezoelectric elements can be used, and when the operator operates the touch sensor, the operator feels uncomfortable.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an input device capable of presenting a tactile sensation appropriately without giving it.
- the invention of the input device is A touch sensor for detecting touch input; A piezoelectric element attached to the touch sensor; A load detection unit that detects a pressing load on the touch surface of the touch sensor based on an output of the piezoelectric element, and determines whether the pressing load satisfies a criterion for presenting a tactile sensation; A piezoelectric element driving unit that drives the piezoelectric element so as to present a tactile sensation with respect to a pressing target pressing the touch surface when the load detection unit determines that the reference is satisfied; The load detector restarts detection of the pressing load after a predetermined time has elapsed after the piezoelectric element is driven by the piezoelectric element driver. It is characterized by this.
- the invention according to a second aspect is the input device according to the first aspect, A discharge circuit for discharging the residual charge accumulated in the piezoelectric element; The discharge circuit discharges residual charges accumulated in the piezoelectric element during the predetermined time; It is characterized by this.
- the piezoelectric element can be driven only by the drive signal without superimposing the drive signal on the output of the. As a result, the operating voltage range can be lowered, so that various piezoelectric elements can be used. In addition, after the piezoelectric element is driven, the load detection unit resumes the detection of the pressing load after a predetermined time has elapsed, so that it is possible to appropriately present the tactile sensation without causing the operator to feel uncomfortable.
- the touch sensor 11 is connected to the control unit 17, and under the control of the control unit 17, detects a touch input by a pressing target such as a finger on the touch surface of the touch sensor 11, and obtains position information of the touch position. This is supplied to the control unit 17.
- the touch sensor 11 is formed of a known device such as a resistance film method, a capacitance method, or an optical method, and is disposed on the display unit 12.
- connection switching unit 14 selectively connects the piezoelectric element 13 to the control unit 17 or the piezoelectric element driving unit 15 according to a connection switching signal from the control unit 17.
- the piezoelectric element driving unit 15 includes a power amplifier and the like, and outputs a predetermined driving signal that vibrates the piezoelectric element 13 under the control of the control unit 17.
- the control unit 17 includes, for example, a CPU and the like, and includes a load detection unit 18 that detects a pressing load based on an output signal of the piezoelectric element 13 and determines whether or not the pressing load satisfies a criterion for presenting a tactile sensation. And the control part 17 controls operation
- the piezoelectric element driving unit 15 determines the output voltage Vs independently of the output voltage Vs of the piezoelectric element 13.
- a drive signal Vd can be supplied to the piezoelectric element 13. Therefore, since it is not necessary to apply a voltage obtained by adding the output voltage Vs and the drive signal Vd, the operating voltage range can be lowered, and various piezoelectric elements can be used.
- the detection of the pressing load by the load detecting unit 18 is resumed after the predetermined time T 2 has elapsed. I have to. Therefore, during the predetermined time period T 2, since it exceeds the reference voltage Vref pressing force by the pressing target it becomes strongly feel not presented, without giving an uncomfortable feeling, such as the tactile sensation unexpected operator, Appropriate tactile sensation can be presented.
- the load standard for presenting the release tactile sensation can be set to be the same as the above-described load standard (for example, 1.5 N) that presents the click tactile sensation at the time of pressing.
- the value is set to 50% to 80% lower than the load standard (for example, 1N).
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Position Input By Displaying (AREA)
- User Interface Of Digital Computer (AREA)
- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
タッチ入力を検出するタッチセンサと、
前記タッチセンサに装着された圧電素子と、
前記圧電素子の出力に基づいて前記タッチセンサのタッチ面に対する押圧荷重を検出して、該押圧荷重が触感を呈示する基準を満たすか否かを判定する荷重検出部と、
前記荷重検出部が前記基準を満たすと判定した際に、前記タッチ面を押圧している押圧対象に対して触感を呈示するように前記圧電素子を駆動する圧電素子駆動部と、を備え、
前記荷重検出部は、前記圧電素子駆動部により前記圧電素子が駆動された後、所定時間経過してから前記押圧荷重の検出を再開する、
ことを特徴とするものである。
前記圧電素子に蓄積された残留電荷を放電する放電回路をさらに有し、
前記放電回路は、前記所定時間の間に前記圧電素子に蓄積されている残留電荷を放電する、
ことを特徴とするものである。
前記所定時間は40ms以下である、
ことを特徴とするものである。
図1は、本発明の第1実施の形態に係る入力装置の概略構成を示す機能ブロック図である。この入力装置は、タッチセンサ11、表示部12、圧電素子13、接続切換部14、圧電素子駆動部15、および、各部の動作を制御する制御部17を有する。
図4は、図1に示したタッチセンサ11、表示部12および圧電素子13の実装構造の一例の概略構成を示すもので、図4(a)は要部断面図、図4(b)は要部平面図である。表示部12は、筐体31内に収納保持される。表示部12上には、弾性部材からなるインシュレータ32を介して、タッチセンサ11が保持される。なお、本実施の形態において、タッチセンサ11は、図4(b)に仮想線で示す表示部12の表示領域Aから外れた4隅に配設したインシュレータ32を介して表示部12上に保持される。
触感を呈示する押圧荷重の基準は、例えば、表現したい押しボタンスイッチの押下時の荷重特性に応じて適宜設定することができる。例えば、この基準は、タッチセンサ11がタッチ入力に反応する荷重と同じに設定(タッチセンサ11のタッチ入力の反応と触感を呈示するタイミングを同じに設定)する。あるいは、タッチセンサ11がタッチ入力に反応する荷重よりも高い荷重に設定(タッチセンサ11のタッチ入力の反応よりも触感を呈示するタイミングを遅くする設定)する。例えば、本実施の形態に係る入力装置を携帯端末に適用する場合においては、好ましくは、タッチセンサ11がタッチ入力に反応する荷重以上(タッチセンサ11のタッチ入力の反応よりも触感を呈示するタイミングを遅くする設定)に設定するとよい。また、さらに、この荷重設定も、年配のユーザは重めに(より遅く)、頻繁にメールをするユーザは軽めに(より早く)設定できるように、ユーザにおいて自由に設定できるようにするとよい。
圧電素子駆動部15により圧電素子13を駆動する駆動信号は、呈示する触感に応じて適宜設定することができる。例えば、携帯端末に使用されている押しボタンスイッチを押下した際に得られる「カッ」と感じられるリアルなクリック触感を呈示する場合、圧電素子駆動部15は、圧電素子13を以下のように駆動する。すなわち、上記の基準の荷重が加わった時点で、例えば、100Hz~200Hz、好ましくは170Hzの一定周波数のサイン波1周期分を、駆動信号として圧電素子13に印加して、タッチセンサ11のタッチ面を、基準の押圧荷重が加わった状態で約15μm振動させる。これにより、タッチセンサ11のタッチ面を押圧している押圧対象(押圧物)を介して、操作者にリアルなクリック触感を呈示して、入力操作が完了したことを認識させることができる。同様に、「カッ」よりも硬質な「カチ」と感じられるクリック触感を呈示する場合、圧電素子駆動部15は、圧電素子13に対して、駆動信号として、例えば、200Hz~500Hz程度の正弦波信号または矩形波信号を1周期分印加する。
図5は、本発明の第2実施の形態に係る入力装置の概略構成を示す機能ブロック図である。この入力装置は、図1に示した構成において、圧電素子13に接続された放電回路16を備え、この放電回路16により圧電素子13の駆動後に、該圧電素子13に残留する電荷を強制的にアースに放電するものである。
図7は、本発明の第3実施の形態に係る入力装置の概略動作を説明するタイミングチャートである。本実施の形態に係る入力装置は。図5に示した構成において、タッチセンサ11のタッチ面から押圧対象がリリースする際にも触感を呈示する。このため、荷重検出部18には、押圧時に触感を呈示するための基準の荷重に相当する第1基準電圧Vref1(第1,2実施の形態の基準電圧Vrefに相当)と、リリース時に触感を呈示するための基準の荷重に相当する第2基準電圧Vref2とが設定される。なお、第2基準電圧Vref2は、第1基準電圧Vref1と極性が異なる。以下、図5を参照しながら、本実施の形態に係る入力装置の概略動作を説明する。
11a タッチ面
12 表示部
13 圧電素子
14 接続切換部
15 圧電素子駆動部
16 放電回路
17 制御部
18 荷重検出部
31 筐体
32 インシュレータ
33 アッパカバー
34 インシュレータ
42 スイッチングトランジスタ
Claims (3)
- タッチ入力を検出するタッチセンサと、
前記タッチセンサに装着された圧電素子と、
前記圧電素子の出力に基づいて前記タッチセンサのタッチ面に対する押圧荷重を検出して、該押圧荷重が触感を呈示する基準を満たすか否かを判定する荷重検出部と、
前記荷重検出部が前記基準を満たすと判定した際に、前記タッチ面を押圧している押圧対象に対して触感を呈示するように前記圧電素子を駆動する圧電素子駆動部と、を備え、
前記荷重検出部は、前記圧電素子駆動部により前記圧電素子が駆動された後、所定時間経過してから前記押圧荷重の検出を再開する、
ことを特徴とする入力装置。 - 前記圧電素子に蓄積された残留電荷を放電する放電回路をさらに有し、
前記放電回路は、前記所定時間の間に前記圧電素子に蓄積されている残留電荷を放電する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の入力装置。 - 前記所定時間は40ms以下である、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の入力装置。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US13/392,873 US8823662B2 (en) | 2009-08-27 | 2010-08-26 | Input apparatus |
EP10811516.3A EP2472368B1 (en) | 2009-08-27 | 2010-08-26 | Input device |
CN201080038148.4A CN102483663B (zh) | 2009-08-27 | 2010-08-26 | 输入装置 |
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JP2009197394A JP2011048696A (ja) | 2009-08-27 | 2009-08-27 | 入力装置 |
JP2009-197394 | 2009-08-27 |
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US (1) | US8823662B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2472368B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2011048696A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20120048655A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102483663B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011024460A1 (ja) |
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US20120154318A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
EP2472368A4 (en) | 2013-03-20 |
CN102483663B (zh) | 2015-03-25 |
KR20120048655A (ko) | 2012-05-15 |
US8823662B2 (en) | 2014-09-02 |
CN102483663A (zh) | 2012-05-30 |
EP2472368A1 (en) | 2012-07-04 |
EP2472368B1 (en) | 2015-07-15 |
JP2011048696A (ja) | 2011-03-10 |
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