WO2011013616A1 - 選択酸化処理方法、選択酸化処理装置およびコンピュータ読み取り可能な記憶媒体 - Google Patents
選択酸化処理方法、選択酸化処理装置およびコンピュータ読み取り可能な記憶媒体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011013616A1 WO2011013616A1 PCT/JP2010/062518 JP2010062518W WO2011013616A1 WO 2011013616 A1 WO2011013616 A1 WO 2011013616A1 JP 2010062518 W JP2010062518 W JP 2010062518W WO 2011013616 A1 WO2011013616 A1 WO 2011013616A1
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- gas
- plasma
- selective oxidation
- oxygen
- supply
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Images
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/28008—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes
- H01L21/28017—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon
- H01L21/28247—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon passivation or protection of the electrode, e.g. using re-oxidation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
- H01J37/32192—Microwave generated discharge
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
- H01J37/32192—Microwave generated discharge
- H01J37/32211—Means for coupling power to the plasma
- H01J37/3222—Antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32431—Constructional details of the reactor
- H01J37/3244—Gas supply means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32431—Constructional details of the reactor
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- H01J37/32449—Gas control, e.g. control of the gas flow
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/02227—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process
- H01L21/0223—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process formation by oxidation, e.g. oxidation of the substrate
- H01L21/02233—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process formation by oxidation, e.g. oxidation of the substrate of the semiconductor substrate or a semiconductor layer
- H01L21/02236—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process formation by oxidation, e.g. oxidation of the substrate of the semiconductor substrate or a semiconductor layer group IV semiconductor
- H01L21/02238—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process formation by oxidation, e.g. oxidation of the substrate of the semiconductor substrate or a semiconductor layer group IV semiconductor silicon in uncombined form, i.e. pure silicon
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/02227—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process
- H01L21/02252—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process formation by plasma treatment, e.g. plasma oxidation of the substrate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/401—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/4011—Multistep manufacturing processes for data storage electrodes
- H01L29/40117—Multistep manufacturing processes for data storage electrodes the electrodes comprising a charge-trapping insulator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/41—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape, relative sizes or dispositions
- H01L29/423—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape, relative sizes or dispositions not carrying the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/42312—Gate electrodes for field effect devices
- H01L29/42316—Gate electrodes for field effect devices for field-effect transistors
- H01L29/4232—Gate electrodes for field effect devices for field-effect transistors with insulated gate
- H01L29/4234—Gate electrodes for transistors with charge trapping gate insulator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66075—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
- H01L29/66227—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
- H01L29/66409—Unipolar field-effect transistors
- H01L29/66477—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET
- H01L29/66833—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET with a charge trapping gate insulator, e.g. MNOS transistors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a selective oxidation treatment method, a selective oxidation treatment apparatus, and a computer-readable storage medium.
- a process of selectively oxidizing only silicon is performed on an object to be processed in which a metal material and silicon are exposed.
- a flash memory having a laminated structure called a MONOS (Metal-Oxide-Nitride-Oxide-Silicon) type is known.
- a semiconductor wafer hereinafter referred to as “wafer”.
- CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition
- the silicon surface is selectively oxidized using oxygen-containing plasma.
- oxygen-containing plasma In this selective oxidation treatment, it is necessary to selectively oxidize silicon damaged by etching without oxidizing the metal material as much as possible.
- reducing hydrogen gas is used as a treatment gas, and plasma oxidation is performed in consideration of the mixing ratio of the oxygen gas and the hydrogen gas (for example, International Publication Pamphlets WO2006 / 098300, WO2005 / 083795). , WO 2006/016642 and WO 2006/082730).
- the hydrogen flow rate is set several times higher than the oxygen flow rate in order to balance oxidizability and reducibility.
- oxygen gas and hydrogen gas are supplied to the inside of the processing container or in the vicinity thereof by separate paths in order to avoid the danger of explosion.
- oxygen gas is supplied into the processing container through a single gas line, and hydrogen gas is supplied into the processing container together with an inert gas such as Ar.
- an inert gas such as Ar.
- the balance between the oxidizing property and the reducing property in the processing container is easily broken depending on the supply timing of the oxygen gas and the hydrogen gas.
- the reducing atmosphere becomes stronger, there is a concern that the silicon surface may be roughened by sputtering.
- the timing of supplying oxygen gas is delayed, the generation of oxygen plasma is delayed and a sufficient oxidation rate cannot be obtained, resulting in a decrease in throughput.
- the present invention provides a selective oxidation process capable of selectively oxidizing a silicon surface at a high oxidation rate while suppressing oxidation of a metal material exposed on the surface of an object to be processed as much as possible.
- a plasma of hydrogen gas and oxygen-containing gas is allowed to act on a target object whose surface is exposed to silicon and a metal material in a processing vessel of a plasma processing apparatus, thereby A selective oxidation treatment method for performing selective oxidation treatment, wherein the plasma is generated after the start of the supply of the hydrogen gas from a hydrogen gas supply source using the first inert gas via the first supply path as a carrier gas.
- the supply of the oxygen-containing gas from the oxygen-containing gas supply source is started using the second inert gas via the second supply path different from the first supply path as a carrier gas.
- a gas introduction step, a plasma ignition step of igniting a plasma of a processing gas containing the oxygen-containing gas and the hydrogen gas in the processing vessel, and the silicon by the plasma Comprises a selective oxidation process step of treating selective oxidation, the.
- the hydrogen gas and the oxygen-containing gas are introduced into the processing vessel at a predetermined flow rate at the timing when the plasma is ignited.
- the volume flow rate ratio of the hydrogen gas and the oxygen-containing gas is more preferably in the range of 1: 1 to 10: 1.
- the timing for starting the supply of the oxygen-containing gas is 15 seconds before and 5 seconds before the plasma is ignited.
- the selective oxidation treatment method of the present invention it is preferable to preheat the object to be treated with the inside of the treatment container being a reducing atmosphere until the oxygen-containing gas is introduced into the treatment container.
- the selective oxidation treatment method of the present invention light emission of oxygen atoms and hydrogen atoms in the plasma is measured in the plasma ignition step and the selective oxidation treatment step, and the hydrogen gas and the oxygen into the treatment container 1 are measured. It is preferable to monitor the suitability of the introduction timing of the contained gas.
- the plasma processing apparatus is a system in which a plasma is generated by introducing a microwave into the processing container using a planar antenna having a plurality of holes.
- the selective oxidation processing apparatus of the present invention includes a processing container for storing a target object, a mounting table for mounting the target object in the processing container, a gas supply device for supplying a processing gas into the processing container, For an exhaust device for evacuating the inside of the processing vessel, a plasma generating means for generating plasma of the processing gas by introducing electromagnetic waves into the processing vessel, and an object to be processed in which silicon and a metal material are exposed on the surface
- a selective oxidation treatment apparatus comprising: a control unit that controls the selective oxidation treatment of selectively oxidizing the silicon by causing plasma generated in the treatment container to act, wherein the gas supply
- the apparatus includes a first inert gas supply source, a second inert gas supply source, a hydrogen gas supply source, and an oxygen-containing gas supply source, from the first inert gas supply source.
- a first inert gas supply source for supplying the processing container and a second supply path for supplying the second inert gas from the second in
- the control unit starts supplying the hydrogen gas from the hydrogen gas supply source using the first inert gas via the first supply path as a carrier gas.
- a selective oxidation process comprising: a plasma ignition process for igniting a plasma of a process gas containing the oxygen-containing gas and the hydrogen gas in the process container; and a selective oxidation process process for selectively oxidizing the silicon by the plasma. It controls to perform processing.
- the computer-readable storage medium of the present invention is a computer-readable storage medium in which a control program that runs on a computer is stored, and the control program is stored on the surface of the processing container of the plasma processing apparatus at the time of execution.
- the plasma treatment is performed on a computer so that a selective oxidation treatment method is performed in which a plasma of hydrogen gas and an oxygen-containing gas is allowed to act on a workpiece to which silicon and a metal material are exposed, and the silicon is selectively oxidized.
- the selective oxidation treatment method uses the first inert gas via the first supply path as a carrier gas and starts supplying the hydrogen gas from a hydrogen gas supply source. Prior to igniting the plasma, the second inert gas via a second supply path different from the first supply path.
- the silicon surface can be selectively oxidized at a high oxidation rate while suppressing the oxidation of the metal material exposed on the surface of the object to be processed as much as possible. In addition, it is possible to prevent the roughening of the silicon surface.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a schematic configuration of a plasma processing apparatus 100 that can be used in the selective oxidation processing method of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a planar antenna of the plasma processing apparatus 100 of FIG.
- the plasma processing apparatus 100 has a high density and low electron temperature by introducing microwaves into a processing container using a planar antenna having a plurality of slot-shaped holes, particularly a RLSA (Radial Line Slot Antenna). It is configured as an RLSA microwave plasma processing apparatus capable of generating a microwave-excited plasma.
- RLSA Random Line Slot Antenna
- processing with plasma having a plasma density of 1 ⁇ 10 10 to 5 ⁇ 10 12 / cm 3 and a low electron temperature of 0.7 to 2 eV is possible.
- the plasma processing apparatus 100 selectively oxidizes silicon to form a silicon oxide film (SiO 2 film) without oxidizing a metal material on an object to be processed as much as possible in the manufacturing process of various semiconductor devices. Can be suitably used.
- the plasma processing apparatus 100 includes, as main components, an airtight processing container 1, a gas supply device 18 for supplying gas into the processing container 1, and a vacuum pump 24 for evacuating the processing container 1 under reduced pressure. , A microwave introduction mechanism 27 as plasma generating means for generating plasma in the processing container 1, and a control unit 50 that controls each component of the plasma processing apparatus 100.
- the processing container 1 is formed of a grounded substantially cylindrical container. Note that the processing container 1 may be formed of a rectangular tube-shaped container.
- the processing container 1 has a bottom wall 1a and a side wall 1b made of a metal such as aluminum or an alloy thereof.
- a mounting table 2 is provided for horizontally supporting a wafer W that is an object to be processed.
- the mounting table 2 is made of a material having high thermal conductivity, such as ceramics such as AlN.
- the mounting table 2 is supported by a cylindrical support member 3 extending upward from the center of the bottom of the exhaust chamber 11.
- the support member 3 is made of ceramics such as AlN, for example.
- the mounting table 2 is provided with a cover ring 4 for covering the outer edge portion thereof and guiding the wafer W.
- the cover ring 4 is an annular member or a full surface cover made of a material such as quartz or SiN. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the mounting table from being sputtered by the plasma and generating a metal such as Al.
- a resistance heating type heater 5 as a temperature adjusting mechanism is embedded in the mounting table 2.
- the heater 5 is heated by the heater power supply 5a to heat the mounting table 2 and uniformly heats the wafer W, which is a substrate to be processed, with the heat.
- the mounting table 2 is provided with a thermocouple (TC) 6.
- TC thermocouple
- the heating temperature of the wafer W can be controlled in a range from room temperature to 900 ° C., for example.
- the mounting table 2 is provided with wafer support pins (not shown) for supporting the wafer W and raising and lowering it.
- Each wafer support pin is provided so as to protrude and retract with respect to the surface of the mounting table 2.
- a cylindrical liner 7 made of quartz is provided on the inner periphery of the processing vessel 1.
- a quartz baffle plate 8 having a large number of exhaust holes 8 a is annularly provided on the outer peripheral side of the mounting table 2 in order to uniformly exhaust the inside of the processing container 1.
- the baffle plate 8 is supported by a plurality of support columns 9.
- a circular opening 10 is formed at a substantially central portion of the bottom wall 1a of the processing container 1.
- An exhaust chamber 11 that communicates with the opening 10 and protrudes downward is provided on the bottom wall 1a.
- An exhaust pipe 12 is connected to the exhaust chamber 11 and is connected to a vacuum pump 24 through the exhaust pipe 12.
- a plate 13 having a circular opening at the center is joined to the upper portion of the processing container 1.
- the inner periphery of the opening protrudes toward the inside (inside the processing container space) and forms an annular support portion 13a.
- the plate 13 has a function as a lid that is disposed on the processing container 1 and opens and closes.
- the plate 13 and the processing container 1 are hermetically sealed via a seal member 14.
- An annular gas introduction portion 15 is provided on the side wall 1b of the processing vessel 1.
- the gas introduction unit 15 is connected to a gas supply device 18 that supplies an oxygen-containing gas or a plasma excitation gas.
- the gas introduction unit 15 may be connected to a plurality of gas lines (piping). Further, the gas introduction part 15 may be provided in a nozzle shape or a shower shape.
- the loading / unloading port 16 for loading / unloading the wafer W between the plasma processing apparatus 100 and the transfer chamber 103 adjacent thereto is opened / closed on the side wall 1b of the processing container 1.
- a gate valve G1 is provided.
- the gas supply device 18 includes a gas supply source (for example, a first inert gas supply source 19a, a hydrogen gas supply source 19b, a second inert gas supply source 19c, and an oxygen-containing gas supply source 19d) and a pipe (for example, Gas lines 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 20f, 20g), flow control devices (for example, mass flow controllers 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d), and valves (for example, on-off valves 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d). ).
- the gas supply device 18 may have a purge gas supply source or the like used when replacing the atmosphere inside the processing container 1 as a gas supply source (not shown) other than the above.
- the inert gas for example, a rare gas can be used.
- the rare gas for example, Ar gas, Kr gas, Xe gas, He gas, or the like can be used.
- Ar gas for example, Ar gas, Kr gas, Xe gas, He gas, or the like can be used.
- Ar gas it is particularly preferable to use Ar gas because it is economical.
- oxygen-containing gas for example, oxygen gas (O 2 ), water vapor (H 2 O), nitrogen monoxide (NO), dinitrogen monoxide (N 2 O), or the like can be used.
- the inert gas and the hydrogen gas supplied from the first inert gas supply source 19a and the hydrogen gas supply source 19b of the gas supply device 18 merge into the gas line 20e via the gas lines 20a and 20b, respectively, and the gas line It reaches the gas introduction part 15 through 20 g and is introduced into the processing container 1 from the gas introduction part 15. Further, the inert gas and the oxygen-containing gas supplied from the second inert gas supply source 19c and the oxygen-containing gas supply source 19d of the gas supply device 18 merge into the gas line 20f via the gas lines 20c and 20d, respectively. Then, it reaches the gas introduction part 15 through the gas line 20 g and is introduced into the processing container 1 from the gas introduction part 15.
- Each gas line 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d connected to each gas supply source is provided with mass flow controllers 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d and a pair of on-off valves 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d before and after the mass flow controllers. Yes. With such a configuration of the gas supply device 18, the supplied gas can be switched and the flow rate can be controlled.
- the exhaust device is provided with a vacuum pump 24.
- a vacuum pump 24 for example, a high-speed vacuum pump such as a turbo molecular pump can be used.
- the vacuum pump 24 is connected to the exhaust chamber 11 of the processing container 1 through the exhaust pipe 12.
- the gas in the processing container 1 uniformly flows into the space 11a of the exhaust chamber 11, and is further exhausted to the outside through the exhaust pipe 12 by operating the vacuum pump 24 from the space 11a.
- the inside of the processing container 1 can be depressurized at a high speed to a predetermined degree of vacuum, for example, 0.133 Pa.
- the microwave introduction mechanism 27 includes a microwave transmission plate 28, a planar antenna 31, a slow wave material 33, a cover member 34, a waveguide 37, a matching circuit 38, and a microwave generator 39 as main components.
- the microwave introduction mechanism 27 is a plasma generation unit that introduces electromagnetic waves (microwaves) into the processing container 1 to generate plasma.
- the microwave transmission plate 28 that transmits microwaves is supported on a support portion 13 a that protrudes toward the inner periphery of the plate 13.
- the microwave transmission plate 28 is made of a dielectric material such as quartz, Al 2 O 3 , or AlN.
- the microwave transmission plate 28 and the support portion 13 a that supports the microwave transmission plate 28 are hermetically sealed through a seal member 29. Therefore, the inside of the processing container 1 is kept airtight.
- the planar antenna 31 is provided above the microwave transmission plate 28 so as to face the mounting table 2.
- the planar antenna 31 has a disk shape.
- the shape of the planar antenna 31 is not limited to a disk shape, and may be a square plate shape, for example.
- the planar antenna 31 is locked to the upper end of the plate 13.
- the planar antenna 31 is made of, for example, a copper plate or an aluminum plate having a surface plated with gold or silver.
- the planar antenna 31 has a number of slot-shaped microwave radiation holes 32 that radiate microwaves.
- the microwave radiation holes 32 are formed through the planar antenna 31 in a predetermined pattern.
- the individual microwave radiation holes 32 have an elongated rectangular shape (slot shape), for example, as shown in FIG. And typically, the adjacent microwave radiation holes 32 are arranged in a “T” shape. Further, the microwave radiation holes 32 arranged in combination in a predetermined shape (for example, T shape) are further arranged concentrically as a whole.
- the length and arrangement interval of the microwave radiation holes 32 are determined according to the wavelength ( ⁇ g) of the microwave.
- the interval between the microwave radiation holes 32 is arranged to be ⁇ g / 4 to ⁇ g.
- the interval between adjacent microwave radiation holes 32 formed concentrically is indicated by ⁇ r.
- the microwave radiation hole 32 may have another shape such as a circular shape or an arc shape.
- the arrangement form of the microwave radiation holes 32 is not particularly limited, and may be arranged in a spiral shape, a radial shape, or the like in addition to the concentric shape.
- a slow wave material 33 having a dielectric constant larger than that of a vacuum is provided on the upper surface of the planar antenna 31.
- the slow wave material 33 has a function of adjusting the plasma by shortening the wavelength of the microwave because the wavelength of the microwave becomes longer in vacuum.
- the material of the slow wave material 33 for example, quartz, polytetrafluoroethylene resin, polyimide resin or the like can be used.
- planar antenna 31 and the microwave transmitting plate 28 and the slow wave member 33 and the planar antenna 31 may be brought into contact with each other or separated from each other, but are preferably brought into contact with each other.
- a cover member 34 is provided on the upper portion of the processing container 1 so as to cover the planar antenna 31 and the slow wave material 33.
- the cover member 34 is made of a metal material such as aluminum or stainless steel.
- the cover member 34 and the planar antenna 31 form a flat waveguide.
- the upper end of the plate 13 and the cover member 34 are sealed by a seal member 35.
- a cooling water flow path 34 a is formed in the upper part of the cover member 34.
- An opening 36 is formed at the center of the upper wall (ceiling part) of the cover member 34, and a waveguide 37 is connected to the opening 36.
- a microwave generator 39 that generates microwaves is connected to the other end of the waveguide 37 via a matching circuit 38.
- the waveguide 37 is connected to a coaxial waveguide 37a having a circular cross section extending upward from the opening 36 of the cover member 34, and an upper end portion of the coaxial waveguide 37a via a mode converter 40. And a rectangular waveguide 37b extending in the horizontal direction.
- the mode converter 40 has a function of converting the microwave propagating in the TE mode in the rectangular waveguide 37b into the TEM mode.
- An inner conductor 41 extends in the center of the coaxial waveguide 37a.
- the inner conductor 41 is connected and fixed to the center of the planar antenna 31 at its lower end. With such a structure, the microwave is efficiently and uniformly propagated radially and uniformly to the flat waveguide formed by the cover member 34 and the planar antenna 31 via the inner conductor 41 of the coaxial waveguide 37a.
- the microwave generated by the microwave generator 39 is propagated to the planar antenna 31 via the waveguide 37, and the microwave radiation hole (slot) 32 of the planar antenna 31 is transmitted. Further, it is introduced into the processing container 1 through the microwave transmission plate 28.
- 2.45 GHz is preferably used as the frequency of the microwave, and 8.35 GHz, 1.98 GHz, or the like can also be used.
- a monochromator 43 as a light emission detecting device that detects light emission of plasma at a height substantially equal to the upper surface of the mounting table 2 is provided on the side wall 1b of the processing container 1.
- the monochromator 43 can detect O radical emission (wavelength 777 nm) and H radical emission (wavelength 656 nm) in the plasma.
- the control unit 50 includes a computer, and includes, for example, a process controller 51 including a CPU, a user interface 52 connected to the process controller 51, and a storage unit 53 as illustrated in FIG.
- the process controller 51 includes a heater power supply 5a, a gas supply device 18, a vacuum pump 24, and a microwave generation device 39 that are related to process conditions such as temperature, pressure, gas flow rate, microwave output, and the like.
- the control means controls the monochromator 43, which is a plasma emission measuring means, and the like.
- the user interface 52 includes a keyboard on which a process manager manages command input to manage the plasma processing apparatus 100, a display for visualizing and displaying the operating status of the plasma processing apparatus 100, and the like.
- the storage unit 53 stores a recipe in which a control program (software) for realizing various processes executed by the plasma processing apparatus 100 under the control of the process controller 51 and processing condition data are recorded. Yes.
- an arbitrary recipe is called from the storage unit 53 by an instruction from the user interface 52 and is executed by the process controller 51, so that the processing container of the plasma processing apparatus 100 is controlled under the control of the process controller 51.
- the desired processing within 1 is performed.
- recipes such as the control program and processing condition data may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as a CD-ROM, hard disk, flexible disk, flash memory, DVD, or Blu-ray disk. Alternatively, it may be transmitted from other devices as needed via, for example, a dedicated line and used online.
- the plasma processing apparatus 100 configured in this way can perform damage-free plasma processing on the underlayer or the like at a low temperature of 600 ° C. or lower.
- processing uniformity can be realized in the plane of the wafer W even for a large wafer W having a diameter of 300 mm or more, for example.
- the object of processing of the present invention is an object to be processed in which silicon and a metal material are exposed on the surface.
- the thing which has the body 110 can be mentioned.
- a silicon oxide film 102, a silicon nitride film 103, a high dielectric constant (High-k) film 104 such as alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), and a metal material film 105 are sequentially stacked on the silicon layer 101.
- the metal material film 105 means a film made of “metal material”.
- the term “metal material” is not limited to metals such as Ti, Ta, W, Ni, and the like. It is used as a term of concept including metal compounds such as silicide or nitride.
- the metal material film 105 may contain both a metal and a metal compound.
- Such a stacked body 110 is formed, for example, in the manufacturing process of the MONOS type flash memory device.
- Etching damage 120 such as numerous defects is generated on the surface of the silicon layer 101 by the etching for forming the stacked body 110.
- the purpose of selective oxidation is to repair these etching damages 120. For this purpose, only the surface of the silicon layer 101 is selectively (dominated) without oxidizing the exposed metal material film 105 as much as possible. It is necessary to oxidize.
- a wafer W to be processed is loaded into the plasma processing apparatus 100 by a transfer device (not shown), mounted on the mounting table 2, and heated by the heater 5.
- the first inert gas supply source 19a, the hydrogen gas supply source 19b, the second inert gas supply source 19c, oxygen, and the oxygen of the gas supply device 18 are evacuated in the processing container 1 of the plasma processing apparatus 100.
- a rare gas and hydrogen gas, or a combination of a rare gas and an oxygen-containing gas are introduced from the contained gas supply source 19d into the processing container 1 through the gas introduction part 15 at a predetermined flow rate. In this way, the inside of the processing container 1 is adjusted to a predetermined pressure.
- a microwave having a predetermined frequency, for example, 2.45 GHz, generated by the microwave generator 39 is guided to the waveguide 37 through the matching circuit 38.
- the microwave guided to the waveguide 37 sequentially passes through the rectangular waveguide 37 b and the coaxial waveguide 37 a and is supplied to the planar antenna 31 through the inner conductor 41.
- the microwave propagates in the TE mode in the rectangular waveguide 37b, and the TE mode microwave is converted into the TEM mode by the mode converter 40, and the cover member 34 is connected to the cover member 34 via the coaxial waveguide 37a. It propagates through a flat waveguide constituted by the planar antenna 31.
- the microwave is radiated to the space above the wafer W in the processing chamber 1 through the microwave transmission plate 28 from the slot-like microwave radiation hole 32 formed through the planar antenna 31.
- the microwave output at this time can be selected from a range of 1000 W or more and 4000 W or less when, for example, a wafer W having a diameter of 200 mm or more is processed.
- An electromagnetic field is formed in the processing container 1 by the microwave radiated from the planar antenna 31 through the microwave transmitting plate 28 to the processing container 1, and the inert gas, hydrogen gas, and oxygen-containing gas are turned into plasma.
- the plasma thus excited has a high density of about 1 ⁇ 10 10 to 5 ⁇ 10 12 / cm 3 and a low electron temperature of about 1.2 eV or less in the vicinity of the wafer W.
- the wafer W is selectively oxidized by the action of active species (ions and radicals) in the plasma. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the metal material film 105 is not oxidized, and the surface of the silicon layer 101 is selectively oxidized, thereby forming a Si—O bond and forming a silicon oxide film 121.
- the selective oxidation treatment conditions are as follows.
- the treatment gas for the selective oxidation treatment it is preferable to use a combination of a rare gas and a hydrogen gas, or a rare gas and an oxygen-containing gas.
- Ar gas is preferable as the rare gas
- O 2 gas is preferable as the oxygen-containing gas.
- the content gas flow rate / percentage of the total process gas flow rate is preferably in the range of 0.5% to 50%, and more preferably in the range of 1% to 25%.
- the volume flow rate ratio of hydrogen gas to the total processing gas in the processing vessel 1 should be in the range of 0.5% to 50%. Is preferable, and it is more preferable to set it within the range of 1% to 25%.
- the volume flow ratio of hydrogen gas to oxygen-containing gas balances the oxidizing power and reducing power to selectively oxidize the silicon surface without oxidizing the metal material as much as possible.
- it is preferably in the range of 1: 1 to 10: 1, more preferably in the range of 2: 1 to 8: 1, and in the range of 2: 1 to 4: 1. It is desirable. If the volume flow ratio of hydrogen gas to oxygen-containing gas 1 is less than 1, there is a concern that the oxidation of the metal material proceeds, and if it exceeds 10, there is a concern that damage to silicon occurs.
- the flow rate of the inert gas is 100 mL / min (sccm) or more and 5000 mL / min in total for the two systems of the first inert gas supply source 19a and the second inert gas supply source 19c. It is preferable to set the flow rate ratio within a range of min (sccm) or less.
- the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas is preferably set to be within the range of 0.5 mL / min (sccm) or more and 100 mL / min (sccm) or less so that the above flow rate ratio is obtained.
- the treatment pressure is preferably in the range of 1.3 Pa to 933 Pa, more preferably in the range of 133 Pa to 667 Pa, from the viewpoint of enhancing selectivity in the selective oxidation treatment. If the treatment pressure in the selective oxidation treatment exceeds 933 Pa, the oxidation rate may be lowered, and if it is less than 1.3 Pa, there is a concern that chamber damage or particle contamination is likely to occur.
- the power density of the microwave from the viewpoint of obtaining a sufficient oxidation rate, it is preferable to 0.51W / cm 2 or more 2.56 W / cm 2 within the following ranges.
- the microwave power density means the microwave power supplied per 1 cm 2 area of the microwave transmission plate 28 (the same applies hereinafter).
- the heating temperature of the wafer W is preferably set, for example, in the range of room temperature to 600 ° C., more preferably in the range of 100 ° C. to 600 ° C. as the temperature of the mounting table 2. More preferably, the temperature is set within a range of not lower than 300 ° C.
- the above conditions are stored as recipes in the storage unit 53 of the control unit 50. Then, the process controller 51 reads out the recipe and sends a control signal to each component of the plasma processing apparatus 100 such as the gas supply device 18, the vacuum pump 24, the microwave generator 39, the heater power supply 5a, etc. Selective oxidation treatment is performed under conditions.
- FIG. 6 shows a period from the start of supply of Ar gas (t1) to the end of supply (t8).
- the supply of Ar gas is started from the first inert gas supply source 19a and the second inert gas supply source 19c, respectively.
- Ar gas is supplied from the first inert gas supply source 19a through the gas lines 20a, 20e, and 20g, and from the second inert gas supply source 19c through the gas lines 20c, 20f, and 20g.
- the two supply paths are separately introduced into the processing container 1.
- the flow rates of Ar gas in the first supply path and the second supply path can be set to the same amount, for example.
- H 2 gas is supplied from the hydrogen gas supply source 19b through the gas lines 20b and 20e and 20g, and mixed with Ar gas from the first inert gas supply source 19a in the gas lines 20e and 20g. It is introduced into the processing container 1.
- O 2 gas is supplied from the oxygen-containing gas supply source 19d through the gas lines 20d, 20f, and 20g, and mixed with Ar gas from the second inert gas supply source 19c in the gas lines 20f and 20g to be processed. It is introduced into the container 1.
- the microwave power is turned on (ON) and the supply of the microwave is started to ignite the plasma.
- plasma using Ar, H 2 , and O 2 as raw materials is ignited in the processing container, and the selective oxidation process is started.
- plasma ignition since H 2 gas and O 2 gas have already been introduced into the processing container 1, as shown in FIG. Observed by 43.
- t1, t2, and t3 are the timings of starting the supply of each gas. Therefore, after the valves 22a to 22d of the gas supply device 18 are opened to start supplying each gas at t1, t2, and t3, the gas moves in each gas supply path constituted by the gas lines 20a to 20g. Until the gas is introduced into the processing container 1, a time lag occurs according to the total length of the pipe and the pipe diameter (that is, the total volume inside the pipe) in each gas supply path. In particular, a small flow rate of O 2 requires a certain amount of time from the start of supply to the inside of the processing container 1 even when Ar is used as a carrier gas.
- the supply of O 2 gas is started at a timing t3 that is a predetermined time before the plasma ignition (t4).
- t3 a predetermined time before the plasma ignition (t4).
- O 2 gas is reached within the processing vessel 1, preferably because it can be present with H 2 gas and the predetermined volumetric flow ratio, O 2 gas is rapidly Plasma is generated and O radical emission is observed.
- the time from the start of the supply of O 2 gas (t3) to the plasma ignition (t4) is the total length of pipes of the gas lines 20d, 20f, 20g from the oxygen-containing gas supply source 19d to the processing vessel 1 and the pipe diameter (inside the pipe For example, 5 seconds to 15 seconds is preferable, and 7 seconds to 12 seconds is more preferable.
- the start of supply of O 2 gas (t3) is too earlier than the above timing (that is, when t3 is earlier than 15 seconds before t4), the inside of the processing container 1 becomes an oxidizing atmosphere before plasma ignition, and the preheating state As a result, the oxidation of the metal material proceeds.
- the O 2 gas supply start (t 3) is after 5 seconds before the plasma ignition (t 4), it takes time until the O 2 gas is introduced into the processing vessel 1, and there is a problem in that the oxidation rate decreases. .
- the start of supply of H 2 gas (t2) is, O 2 gas supply start (t3) whether simultaneous, may be a before it.
- the start of supply of the H 2 gas is later than the start of supply of O 2 gas (t3), the oxidation of the metal material by the plasma of O 2 gas to H 2 gas into a plasma there is a concern that progresses.
- the selective oxidation process is performed during a period from time t4 when the plasma is ignited to time t5 when the supply of the microwave is stopped. After the microwave is stopped (t5), the supply of O 2 gas is stopped at t6, and then the supply of H 2 gas is stopped at t7.
- the inside of the processing vessel 1 can be prevented from becoming an oxidizing atmosphere, and the oxidation of the metal material can be suppressed.
- the selective oxidation process for one wafer W is completed by simultaneously stopping the supply of the two systems of Ar gas at t8.
- the plasma is ignited.
- the supply of oxygen gas from the oxygen gas supply source 19d is started together with the second inert gas (Ar) from the second inert gas supply source 19c.
- FIG. 7 shows an outline of a gas supply path in the plasma processing apparatus 100.
- the flow rate control device and the valve are not shown.
- the first inert gas supply source 19a of the gas supply device 18 is connected to the gas line 20a, and the hydrogen gas supply source 19b is connected to the gas line 20b.
- the gas lines 20a and 20b merge and are connected to the gas line 20e.
- the second inert gas supply source 19c of the gas supply device 18 is connected to the gas line 20c, and the oxygen-containing gas supply source 19d is connected to the gas line 20d.
- the gas lines 20c and 20d merge and are connected to the gas line 20f.
- the gas lines 20 e and 20 f merge to form a gas line 20 g, which is connected to the gas introduction part 15 of the processing container 1.
- Half of the Ar gas is supplied from the first inert gas supply source 19a through the first supply path via the gas lines 20a, 20e, and 20g, and functions as a hydrogen gas carrier.
- the other half of the Ar gas is supplied from the second inert gas supply source 19c through the second supply path via the gas lines 20c, 20f, and 20g, and functions as a carrier for the oxygen-containing gas.
- the hydrogen gas and the oxygen-containing gas are mixed immediately before entering the processing container 1.
- FIG. 8 shows another configuration example of the gas supply path in the plasma processing apparatus 100.
- the flow control device and the valve are not shown.
- the first inert gas supply source 19a of the gas supply device 18 is connected to the gas line 20a
- the hydrogen gas supply source 19b is connected to the gas line 20b.
- the gas lines 20a and 20b merge and are connected to the gas line 20e.
- the second inert gas supply source 19c of the gas supply device 18 is connected to the gas line 20c
- the oxygen-containing gas supply source 19d is connected to the gas line 20d.
- the gas lines 20c and 20d merge and are connected to the gas line 20f.
- the gas lines 20e and 20f are connected to the gas introduction part 15 of the processing container 1, respectively.
- Half of the Ar gas is supplied from the first inert gas supply source 19a through the first supply path via the gas lines 20a and 20e, and functions as a hydrogen gas carrier.
- the other half of the Ar gas is supplied from the second inert gas supply source 19c through the second supply path via the gas lines 20c and 20f and functions as a carrier for the oxygen-containing gas.
- hydrogen gas and oxygen-containing gas are mixed in the processing container 1.
- FIG. 9 shows changes in the flow rates of H 2 gas and O 2 gas in the processing container 1.
- the gas passes through the gas lines 20b, 20e, and 20g and reaches the processing container 1, and eventually reaches a maximum flow rate V Hmax and is stably stabilized.
- the gas passes through the gas lines 20d, 20f, and 20g and reaches the processing container 1, and eventually reaches a maximum flow rate V Omax and is stably stabilized.
- the inside of the processing container 1 during the preheating period (t1 to t4) is preferably a reducing atmosphere, and it is not preferable to be biased toward the oxidizing atmosphere.
- it is effective to start the supply of H 2 gas (t2) before the start of supply of O 2 gas (t3).
- the selective oxidation process (t4 to t5), it is necessary to increase the oxidation rate as much as possible while maintaining the balance between the oxidizing power and the reducing power in the processing container 1.
- the flow rate of the plasma ignition point in time (t4) H 2 and O 2 is, the processing chamber 1 within at both maximum flow (V Hmax, V Omax) reached, becomes the above-mentioned volumetric flow ratio which is set in advance It is preferable. Therefore, in consideration of the piping length of the O 2 gas supply path (gas lines 20d, 20f, 20g), the O 2 gas supply timing is preceded by a predetermined time before the plasma ignition. As described above, in the selective oxidation treatment method of the present invention, it is necessary to set the timing of the O 2 gas supply start (t3) after the H 2 gas supply start (t2) and before the plasma ignition (t4). It is.
- the O 2 gas has a relatively small flow rate
- the time from the start of the O 2 gas supply to the maximum flow rate V Omax easily varies depending on the pipe length of the supply path and the pipe diameter (volume inside the pipe). It is difficult to reliably reach the maximum flow rate V Omax at the time of plasma ignition (t4) only by the timing of the O 2 gas supply start (t3).
- the H 2 gas has a small flow rate, it is difficult to reliably reach the maximum flow rate V Hmax at the time of plasma ignition only at the timing of supply start (t2).
- the time (ie, t2 to t4, t3 to t4) to reach the processing container 1 after the supply of H 2 gas and O 2 gas is started tends to become unstable, and the reliability of the selective oxidation process is impaired. There is a risk of being.
- supply of H 2 gas and O 2 gas is started by dividing the supply path of Ar gas with a relatively large flow rate into two systems and using them as carriers for small flow rates of H 2 gas and O 2 gas. by the process vessel 1 from the maximum flow rate V respectively Hmax, to improve the controllability of the time management to reach V Omax, and to eliminate the instability of the gas supply.
- Ar gas, H 2 gas, and O 2 gas can all exist in the processing vessel 1 at a set flow rate and flow rate ratio.
- H 2 gas and O 2 time gas reaches from the start supplied to the processing vessel 1 (t2 ⁇ t4 , it is possible to shorten the t3 - t4), plasma ignition time (t4) with H 2 gas and O 2 gas up flow rate V Hmax, by keeping the V Omax, t4 of the selective oxidation treatment time (Fig. 6 - Since t5) can also be shortened, the overall throughput can be improved.
- the selective oxidation treatment can be performed at a high oxidation rate while preventing the oxidation of the metal material and the sputtering of the silicon surface by the plasma of the mixed gas of H 2 gas and O 2 gas. .
- FIG. 10 is a timing chart based on a conventional normal gas supply sequence.
- the entire amount of Ar gas is supplied together with H 2 gas.
- the supply of Ar gas, H 2 gas, and O 2 gas is started.
- the microwave power is turned on (ON), and the supply of microwave is started to ignite the plasma.
- Ar gas, H 2 gas, and O 2 gas are introduced into the processing container 1, and therefore, emission of H radicals and O radicals is quickly observed.
- the microwave power is turned off and the supply of microwaves is stopped.
- the supply of Ar gas, H 2 gas, and O 2 gas is stopped.
- the period from t12 to t13 is the period of the selective oxidation treatment.
- the inside of the process vessel 1 becomes an oxidizing atmosphere by the O 2 gas, and the metal material is oxidized. Will progress.
- the timing of starting the supply of O 2 gas although it is possible to set between the start of supply of H 2 gas and (t11) and plasma ignition (t12), the O 2 gas Since it is supplied at a small flow rate and alone, the time from the start of the supply of O 2 gas to the inside of the processing container 1 is likely to vary depending on the piping length of the gas supply path, etc., and control is difficult and stable selective oxidation treatment cannot be performed.
- FIG. 11 shows a first improvement for FIG. Also in this example, the entire amount of Ar gas is supplied together with H 2 gas.
- the supply of Ar gas is started at t21, the microwave power is turned on (ON) at t22, and the supply of microwave is started to ignite the plasma. Thereafter, the supply of H 2 gas and O 2 gas is started simultaneously at t23. That is, the plasma is first ignited only with Ar gas, and then H 2 gas and O 2 gas are introduced into the processing container 1.
- the H 2 gas is supplied using a large flow rate of Ar gas as a carrier, emission of H radicals occurs immediately after the supply of H 2 gas is started.
- the small in the sequence of FIG. 11 the timing of starting the supply of O 2 gas, although it is possible to set between the start of supply of Ar gas (t21) and plasma ignition (t22), the O 2 gas Since the flow rate is supplied independently, the time from the start of the supply of O 2 gas to the inside of the processing container 1 is likely to fluctuate depending on the pipe length of the gas supply path, and the control is difficult and stable selective oxidation treatment cannot be performed.
- FIG. 12 shows a gas supply sequence of a second improvement measure in which the entire amount of Ar gas is supplied together with H 2 gas in FIG. 11 and the entire amount of Ar gas is supplied together with O 2 gas.
- the timing for starting and stopping the supply of each gas is the same as in FIG. First, the supply of Ar gas is started at t31, the microwave power is turned on (ON) at t32, and the supply of microwave is started to ignite plasma. Thereafter, the supply of H 2 gas and O 2 gas is started simultaneously at t33. Thereafter, the microwave power is turned off at t34 to stop the supply of microwaves, the supply of H 2 gas and O 2 gas is stopped, and the supply of Ar gas is further stopped at t35.
- the supply of Ar gas is started at t31
- the microwave power is turned on (ON) at t32
- the supply of microwave is started to ignite plasma.
- the supply of H 2 gas and O 2 gas is started simultaneously at t33.
- the microwave power is turned off at t34 to stop the supply of
- FIG. 13 is a gas supply sequence of a third improvement measure in which the Ar gas supply is divided into two systems by almost the same amount based on the gas supply sequences of FIGS. 11 and 12.
- the timing for starting and stopping the supply of each gas is the same as that shown in FIGS.
- supply of Ar gas of two systems is started at t41, and supply of microwave is started at t42 to ignite plasma.
- the supply of H 2 gas and O 2 gas is started simultaneously at t43.
- the supply of microwaves, H 2 gas and O 2 gas is stopped, and at t45, the supply of Ar gas is stopped.
- FIG. 13 is a gas supply sequence of a third improvement measure in which the Ar gas supply is divided into two systems by almost the same amount based on the gas supply sequences of FIGS. 11 and 12.
- the timing for starting and stopping the supply of each gas is the same as that shown in FIGS.
- supply of Ar gas of two systems is started at t41, and supply of microwave is started at t42 to ignite plasma.
- the O 2 gas supply timing t3 is waited until immediately before the plasma ignition t4, so that the metal material exposed on the surface of the wafer W is preheated (t1 to t4). Oxidation can be suppressed.
- the O 2 gas supply timing is preceded by a predetermined time before the plasma ignition, and the H 2 gas supply is started before that. Then, Ar gas, H 2 gas, and O 2 gas are all present in the processing container 1, and a high oxidation rate can be obtained while preventing oxidation of the metal material and sputtering of the silicon surface.
- Test Example 1 Each wafer was loaded into the processing container 1 of the plasma processing apparatus 100 and mounted on a mounting table 2 whose temperature was adjusted within a range of 100 ° C. to 400 ° C.
- the inside of the processing chamber 1 is adjusted to a pressure of 667 Pa (5 Torr), Ar / O 2 / H 2 , Ar / O 2 , Ar or Ar / H 2 is introduced as a processing gas, and the wafer is fixed in the atmosphere of each gas After time exposure, the wafer surface was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results are shown in FIG.
- the vertical axis in FIG. 14 is the ratio of the peak area of the metal to the peak area of the metal oxide, where 1 is the untreated state (control), and if the value is less than 1, the metal is oxidized. If it is super, the metal is being reduced.
- FIG. 14 shows that when the wafer temperature is 400 ° C. and exposed to an Ar / O 2 / H 2 atmosphere or an Ar / O 2 atmosphere, the ratio of the peak area of the metal / metal oxide is less than 1, and the oxidation of the metal material You can see that is progressing.
- These conditions substantially correspond to the conditions of the preheating period (t11 to t14 in FIG. 10) in the gas supply sequence of the conventional selective oxidation process. Therefore, it has been clarified that in the conventional gas supply sequence of selective oxidation treatment, the oxidation of the metal material is advanced by the introduction of oxygen gas during the preheating period.
- Test example 2 Based on the gas supply sequence shown in the timing chart of FIG. 6 as an example of the present invention and the gas supply sequence shown in the timing charts of FIGS. 12 and 13 as a comparative example, selective oxidation treatment was performed under the following conditions, and the same as in Test Example 1
- the XPS analysis was performed by the method described above, and the oxidation state of the metal material was examined.
- the gas supply sequence in FIG. 12 is “sequence A”
- the gas supply sequence in FIG. 13 is “sequence B”
- the gas supply sequence in FIG. 6 is “sequence C”.
- FIG. 15 shows the results for the W film
- FIG. 16 shows the results for the TiN film.
- the horizontal axis in FIGS. 15 and 16 is the thickness of the SiO 2 film formed by the selective oxidation process.
- the silicon surface can be selectively oxidized at a high oxidation rate while suppressing the oxidation of the metal material exposed on the surface of the wafer W as much as possible. Further, surface roughness due to sputtering of silicon can be prevented.
- the emission of H radicals and O radicals occurs at the timing of microwave introduction (t4). Therefore, based on the sequence of FIG. 6, the supply of Ar gas, H 2 gas, and O 2 gas is started in this order, and the emission timing of the H radical and O radical after introducing microwaves (plasma ignition) is determined as a monochromator. By measuring at 43, it is possible to monitor the appropriateness of the timing of introduction of the H 2 gas and O 2 gas into the processing container 1 and to improve the reliability of the selective oxidation process.
- FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure for determining the reliability of the selective oxidation treatment by monitoring the emission timing of H radicals and O radicals with the monochromator 43.
- step S1 determines whether or not the emission of O radicals has been measured. If there is O radical emission (Yes), it is next determined in step S2 whether or not H radical emission has been measured. If it is determined in step S2 that H radicals are emitted (Yes), it is then determined in step S3 whether H radicals and O radicals are emitted simultaneously. If no O radical emission is observed in Step S1 (No) and no H radical emission is observed in Step S2 (No), the plasma process itself may not proceed normally. Therefore, it cannot be determined as an error.
- step S3 If the emission of H radicals and O radicals is simultaneous (Yes) in step S3, it can be determined in step S4 that the selective oxidation process is normally performed based on the gas supply sequence of FIG. On the other hand, if the H radical and the O radical are not simultaneously emitted in step S3 (No), it is determined in step S5 whether the emission of the O radical is first. If it is determined in step S5 that the emission of the O radical is first (Yes), the oxidation of the metal material may be advanced by the oxygen plasma in the absence of hydrogen in the initial stage of the selective oxidation process. Therefore, it can be determined that there is a concern about oxidation of the metal material.
- step S5 determines whether the emission of O radical is not first (No) or not the emission of H radical was first (No). If there is a possibility that the silicon surface has been sputtered by the Ar / H 2 gas plasma, it can be determined in step S7 that there is a concern about surface roughness of the silicon.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made.
- the RLSA type microwave plasma processing apparatus is used for the selective oxidation treatment, but other types of plasma such as an ICP plasma method, an ECR plasma method, a surface reflection wave plasma method, a magnetron plasma method, and the like are used.
- a processing device can also be used.
- the present invention is applicable to all plasma processing apparatuses that generate plasma using electromagnetic waves including microwaves and high frequencies. *
- the selective oxidation treatment method of the present invention is not limited to the MONOS structure laminated body in the manufacturing process of the flash memory device, and plasma selective oxidation treatment is performed on an object to be processed in which a metal material and silicon are exposed on the surface. Is widely applicable to
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Abstract
Description
まず、図示しない搬送装置により、処理対象のウエハWをプラズマ処理装置100に搬入し、載置台2に載置して、ヒータ5により加熱する。次に、プラズマ処理装置100の処理容器1内を減圧排気しながら、ガス供給装置18の第1の不活性ガス供給源19a、水素ガス供給源19b、第2の不活性ガス供給源19c、酸素含有ガス供給源19dから、希ガスと水素ガス、希ガスと酸素含有ガスの組み合わせで、所定の流量でそれぞれガス導入部15を介して処理容器1内に導入する。このようにして、処理容器1内を所定の圧力に調節する。処理ガスに還元性の水素ガスを含めることにより、酸化力と還元力のバランスを保ち、メタル材料膜105の酸化を抑制しながらシリコン層101の表面のみを選択的に酸化することができる。この選択酸化処理の際の処理ガス供給のタイミングとプラズマ着火のタイミングについては後述する。
選択酸化処理の処理ガスとしては、希ガスと水素ガス、希ガスと酸素含有ガスとをそれぞれ組み合わせて用いることが好ましい。希ガスとしてはArガスが、酸素含有ガスとしてはO2ガスが、それぞれ好ましい。このとき、酸化力と還元力のバランスを保ち、メタル材料の酸化を抑制しつつシリコンの酸化を優勢的にする観点から、処理容器1内における全処理ガスに対する酸素含有ガスの体積流量比率(酸素含有ガス流量/全処理ガス流量の百分率)は、0.5%以上50%以下の範囲内とすることが好ましく、1%以上25%以下の範囲内とすることがより好ましい。また、同様の理由で、処理容器1内における全処理ガスに対する水素ガスの体積流量比率(水素ガス流量/全処理ガス流量の百分率)は、0.5%以上50%以下の範囲内とすることが好ましく、1%以上25%以下の範囲内とすることがより好ましい。
図9は、処理容器1内におけるH2ガスとO2ガスの流量の変化を示している。H2ガスは、t2で供給開始されるとガスライン20b,20e,20gを通過して処理容器1内に到達し、やがて最大流量VHmaxとなって定常的に安定する。O2ガスは、t3で供給開始されるとガスライン20d,20f,20gを通過して処理容器1内に到達し、やがて最大流量VOmaxとなって定常的に安定する。メタル材料の酸化を抑制するためには、プレヒート期間(t1~t4)中の処理容器1内は還元雰囲気であることが好ましく、酸化雰囲気に偏ることは好ましくない。そのためには、H2ガスの供給開始(t2)をO2ガスの供給開始(t3)以前にすることが有効である。一方、選択酸化処理の間(t4~t5)は、処理容器1内の酸化力と還元力とのバランスを保ちながら出来るだけ酸化レートを大きくすることが必要である。そのためには、プラズマ着火の時点(t4)でH2とO2の流量が、処理容器1内で共に最大流量(VHmax、VOmax)に達し、予め設定された上述の体積流量比率になっていることが好ましい。そこで、O2ガスの供給経路(ガスライン20d,20f、20g)の配管長を考慮してO2ガスの供給タイミングをプラズマ着火よりも所定時間先行させている。このように、本発明の選択酸化処理方法では、O2ガスの供給開始(t3)のタイミングをH2ガスの供給開始(t2)の後、かつプラズマ着火(t4)の前にすることが必要である。しかし、O2ガスは比較的小流量であるため、O2ガスの供給開始から最大流量VOmaxに達するまでの時間は、供給経路の配管長と配管径(配管内部の容積)によって変動しやすく、O2ガスの供給開始(t3)のタイミングだけでは、プラズマ着火(t4)の時点で確実に最大流量VOmaxまで到達させることは難しい。同様にH2ガスについても、小流量であるため、供給開始(t2)のタイミングだけでは、プラズマ着火の時点で確実に最大流量VHmaxまで到達させることは難しい。従って、H2ガスおよびO2ガスがそれぞれ供給開始されてから処理容器1内へ到達する時間(つまり、t2~t4、t3~t4)が不安定になりやすく、選択酸化処理の信頼性が損なわれるおそれがある。
試験例1:
各ウエハをプラズマ処理装置100の処理容器1内に搬入し、100℃~400℃の範囲内に温度調節した載置台2に載置した。処理容器1内を667Pa(5Torr)の圧力に調節し、処理ガスとして、Ar/O2/H2、Ar/O2、ArまたはAr/H2を導入し、各ガスの雰囲気にウエハを一定時間曝した後、ウエハの表面をX線光電子分光(XPS)により分析した。その結果を図14に示した。図14の縦軸は金属のピークエリアと金属酸化物のピークエリアとの比で、1が未処理の状態(対照)であり、数値が1未満であれば金属が酸化されている状態、1超であれば金属が還元されている状態を示している。
本発明例として図6のタイミングチャートに示すガス供給シーケンス、比較例として図12および図13のタイミングチャートに示すガス供給シーケンスに基づき、以下に示す条件で選択酸化処理を行い、試験例1と同様の方法でXPS分析を行い、メタル材料の酸化状態を調べた。なお、図12のガス供給シーケンスを「シーケンスA」、図13のガス供給シーケンスを「シーケンスB」、図6のガス供給シーケンスを「シーケンスC」とした。図15にはW膜、図16にはTiN膜の結果をそれぞれ示した。なお、図15および図16の横軸は、選択酸化処理により形成されるSiO2膜の膜厚である。
図1と同様の構成のプラズマ処理装置を使用した。
Arガス流量;480mL/min(sccm)(2系統の場合は、240mL/minずつ)
O2ガス流量;4mL/min(sccm)
H2ガス流量;16mL/min(sccm)
処理圧力;667Pa(5Torr)
載置台の温度;400℃
マイクロ波パワー;4000W
マイクロ波パワー密度;2.05W/cm2(透過板の面積1cm2あたり)
Claims (10)
- 表面にシリコンとメタル材料とが露出した被処理体に対し、プラズマ処理装置の処理容器内で水素ガスと酸素含有ガスのプラズマを作用させ、前記プラズマにより前記シリコンを選択的に酸化処理する選択酸化処理方法であって、
第1の供給経路を介する第1の不活性ガスをキャリアガスとして、水素ガス供給源からの前記水素ガスを供給開始した時点以降、前記プラズマを着火するよりも前に、前記第1の供給経路とは異なる第2の供給経路を介する第2の不活性ガスをキャリアガスとして、酸素含有ガス供給源からの前記酸素含有ガスを供給開始するガス導入工程と、
前記処理容器内で前記酸素含有ガスと前記水素ガスを含む処理ガスのプラズマを着火するプラズマ着火工程と、
前記プラズマにより前記シリコンを選択的に酸化処理する選択酸化処理工程と、
を備えていることを特徴とする選択酸化処理方法。 - 前記プラズマを着火するタイミングで、前記水素ガスと前記酸素含有ガスとが所定の体積流量比率で処理容器内に導入されている請求項1に記載の選択酸化処理方法。
- 前記水素ガスと前記酸素含有ガスとの体積流量比率(水素ガス流量:酸素含有ガス流量)が、1:1~10:1の範囲内である請求項2に記載の選択酸化処理方法。
- 前記酸素含有ガスを供給開始するタイミングは、前記プラズマを着火する15秒前以降5秒前以前である請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の選択酸化処理方法。
- 前記酸素含有ガスが前記処理容器内に導入されるまで、前記処理容器内を還元雰囲気にして被処理体をプレヒートする請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の選択酸化処理方法。
- 前記プラズマ着火工程および前記選択酸化処理工程で、プラズマ中の酸素原子および水素原子の発光を測定し、前記処理容器1内への前記水素ガスと前記酸素含有ガスの導入のタイミングの適否をモニターする請求項1から請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の選択酸化処理方法。
- 前記プラズマ処理装置は、複数の孔を有する平面アンテナにより前記処理容器内にマイクロ波を導入してプラズマを生成させる方式である請求項1から請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の選択酸化処理方法。
- 被処理体を収容する処理容器と、
前記処理容器内で被処理体を載置する載置台と、
前記処理容器内に処理ガスを供給するガス供給装置と、
前記処理容器内を減圧排気する排気装置と、
前記処理容器内に電磁波を導入して前記処理ガスのプラズマを生成させるプラズマ生成手段と、
表面にシリコンとメタル材料とが露出した被処理体に対し、前記処理容器内で生成した前記プラズマを作用させ、前記シリコンを選択的に酸化処理する選択酸化処理が行われるように制御する制御部と、を備えた選択酸化処理装置であって、
前記ガス供給装置は、第1の不活性ガス供給源と、第2の不活性ガス供給源と、水素ガス供給源と、酸素含有ガス供給源とを備えており、前記第1の不活性ガス供給源からの第1の不活性ガスを前記処理容器へ供給する第1の供給経路と、前記第2の不活性ガス供給源からの第2の不活性ガスを前記処理容器へ供給する第2の供給経路と、の2系統の不活性ガスの供給経路を有するものであることを特徴とする選択酸化処理装置。 - 前記制御部は、
前記水素ガス供給源からの前記水素ガスを、前記第1の供給経路を介する第1の不活性ガスをキャリアガスとして供給開始した時点以降、前記プラズマを着火するよりも前に、前記酸素含有ガス供給源からの前記酸素含有ガスを、前記第2の供給経路を介する第2の不活性ガスをキャリアガスとして供給開始するガス導入工程と、
前記処理容器内で前記酸素含有ガスと前記水素ガスを含む処理ガスのプラズマを着火するプラズマ着火工程と、
前記プラズマにより、前記シリコンを選択的に酸化処理する選択酸化処理工程と、
を含む選択酸化処理を行うように制御するものである請求項8に記載の選択酸化処理装置。 - コンピュータ上で動作する制御プログラムが記憶されたコンピュータ読み取り可能な記憶媒体であって、
前記制御プログラムは、実行時に、プラズマ処理装置の処理容器内で、表面にシリコンとメタル材料とが露出した被処理体に対し水素ガスと酸素含有ガスのプラズマを作用させ、前記シリコンを選択的に酸化処理する選択酸化処理方法が行われるように、コンピュータに前記プラズマ処理装置を制御させるものであり、
前記選択酸化処理方法は、第1の供給経路を介する第1の不活性ガスをキャリアガスとして、水素ガス供給源からの前記水素ガスを供給開始した時点以降、前記プラズマを着火するよりも前に、前記第1の供給経路とは異なる第2の供給経路を介する第2の不活性ガスをキャリアガスとして、酸素含有ガス供給源からの前記酸素含有ガスを供給開始するガス導入工程と、
前記処理容器内で前記酸素含有ガスと前記水素ガスを含む処理ガスのプラズマを着火するプラズマ着火工程と、
前記プラズマにより前記シリコンを選択的に酸化処理する選択酸化処理工程と、を備えていることを特徴とするコンピュータ読み取り可能な記憶媒体。
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- 2010-07-26 WO PCT/JP2010/062518 patent/WO2011013616A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2010-07-26 KR KR1020127002393A patent/KR101361318B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-07-26 TW TW099124545A patent/TWI518781B/zh active
- 2010-07-26 US US13/376,678 patent/US20120094505A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20140137389A (ko) * | 2012-02-28 | 2014-12-02 | 사노피 | 관능성 pla-peg 공중합체, 그의 나노입자, 그의 제조법, 및 표적화 약물 전달 및 영상화를 위한 용도 |
KR102052225B1 (ko) | 2012-02-28 | 2019-12-04 | 사노피 | 관능성 pla-peg 공중합체, 그의 나노입자, 그의 제조법, 및 표적화 약물 전달 및 영상화를 위한 용도 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP5396180B2 (ja) | 2014-01-22 |
JP2011029415A (ja) | 2011-02-10 |
TW201123303A (en) | 2011-07-01 |
CN102396054A (zh) | 2012-03-28 |
KR20120035927A (ko) | 2012-04-16 |
US20120094505A1 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
KR101361318B1 (ko) | 2014-02-11 |
TWI518781B (zh) | 2016-01-21 |
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