WO2011004431A1 - 油分吸着材および油分吸着材の製造方法 - Google Patents
油分吸着材および油分吸着材の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011004431A1 WO2011004431A1 PCT/JP2009/003173 JP2009003173W WO2011004431A1 WO 2011004431 A1 WO2011004431 A1 WO 2011004431A1 JP 2009003173 W JP2009003173 W JP 2009003173W WO 2011004431 A1 WO2011004431 A1 WO 2011004431A1
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- oil
- inorganic particles
- particles
- water
- polymer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3202—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
- B01J20/3204—Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
- B01J20/3242—Layers with a functional group, e.g. an affinity material, a ligand, a reactant or a complexing group
- B01J20/3268—Macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
- C02F1/681—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water by addition of solid materials for removing an oily layer on water
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/46—Materials comprising a mixture of inorganic and organic materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/285—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using synthetic organic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/38—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
- C02F1/488—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields for separation of magnetic materials, e.g. magnetic flocculation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an oil adsorbent for recovering oil from water and a method for producing the oil adsorbent.
- membrane separation is one of the most commonly used methods.
- oils dispersed in water are removed, the pores of the membrane are likely to be clogged with oil, which shortens the life of the membrane.
- membrane separation is often not appropriate for removing oils in water.
- a method of removing them from water containing oils such as heavy oil for example, using the floating property of heavy oil, collect heavy oil floating on the surface of the water by an oil fence installed on the water, Examples thereof include a method of sucking and collecting from the surface, or a method of laying a hydrophobic material having an adsorptivity to heavy oil on water and adsorbing and collecting heavy oil.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for adsorbing and removing oil from water using an oil adsorbent obtained by adsorbing an organic substance such as resin on the surface of magnetic particles.
- an oil adsorbent obtained by adsorbing an organic substance such as resin on the surface of magnetic particles.
- the dispersibility in water is low, and the functional particles tend to settle or float on the surface, so that the adsorption and removal of oil cannot be efficiently performed.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method of adsorbing oil using an adsorption polymer as an oil adsorbent having a hydrophilic block and a lipophilic block, and then removing the adsorbed polymer from water.
- a method of adsorbing oil using an adsorption polymer as an oil adsorbent having a hydrophilic block and a lipophilic block, and then removing the adsorbed polymer from water.
- such a method has a problem that not only labor is required for separating the adsorbed polymer and water, but also the polymer adsorbed with oil is softened, the strength of the oil adsorbing material is lowered, and workability is poor.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an oil adsorbent having a high oil adsorption amount in water and high strength.
- the oil adsorbent according to an aspect of the present invention has inorganic particles and a polymer formed on the surface of the inorganic particles or between the inorganic particles, and the content of the inorganic particles is determined by the inorganic particles and the polymer. On the other hand, it is 50 volume% or more and 97 volume% or less, The area of the said inorganic particle is 30% or more and 60% or less with respect to the cross section of the said inorganic particle and the said polymer.
- an oil adsorbent having a high strength and a high strength in water.
- the oil adsorbent in the present embodiment is one in which inorganic particles constitute the core, and the polymer coats the core and aggregates.
- the ratio of the inorganic particles to the oil adsorbent is 50 to 97%, preferably 70 to 90% in terms of volume, and the area of the inorganic particles present in the cross section of the oil adsorbent is 30% of the total. It is characterized by ⁇ 60%.
- the proportion of the inorganic particles When the proportion of the inorganic particles is smaller than 50%, the pores between the particles become small and the oil does not permeate into the inside, so that the oil adsorption amount becomes small. On the other hand, if the proportion of the inorganic particles exceeds 97%, the amount of the resin is too small, so that it does not have sufficient strength for use in water. In addition, if the area of the inorganic particles present in the cross section of the oil adsorbent is 30% or less, the strength of the oil adsorbent becomes small and unsuitable for practical use. If it exceeds 60%, the space for holding the oil decreases and the oil adsorbing capacity is reduced. It gets smaller.
- the amount of oil adsorbed can be maximized while maintaining the strength of the oil adsorbent.
- the volume conversion method can be calculated from the polymer solid content and the particle solid content in the raw material, but the product content is determined by heating the product to 500 ° C or higher in an oxygen-free state to volatilize the resin content. Can do.
- the area of the inorganic particles present in the cross section is binarized by observing the cross section obtained by embedding and cutting the oil adsorbent in an embedding resin such as an epoxy resin with an SEM or an optical microscope. It can be obtained by (two gradations).
- the cross-sectional area of the oil adsorbent is an area formed by connecting inorganic particles present in the outermost contour, and the ratio of the area of the inorganic particles in the area is calculated.
- the threshold for binarization is a value that can clearly separate the luminance of inorganic particles and other portions. For example, the value of the valley portion between the lightness peaks of the inorganic particles and the polymer may be used.
- the surface of the oil adsorbent has a large number of particles and a small inclined structure inside.
- a hollow oil adsorbent may be used. With such a structure, the amount of oil adsorbed increases because it has a space for storing oil inside, but the strength can be maintained because the external particle density is high.
- the production method is not particularly limited.
- spray drying such as spray drying
- a force does not work at the time of agglomeration, and it is easy to produce an aggregate having gaps between particles.
- spray-dried at a temperature 30 ° C. or higher, preferably 50 ° C. or higher, higher than the boiling point of the solvent the surface is instantly formed by rapid drying, and the solvent remaining inside swells, so that the surface layer and the inside Particles having a difference in particle density can be produced.
- the inorganic particles form the core of the oil adsorbent, they are appropriately selected from those that do not cause a large chemical change even when immersed in water for a short time.
- metal particles such as iron, copper, and alloys thereof, or oxides thereof such as magnetite, titanite, pyrrhotite, magnesia ferrite, cobalt ferrite, nickel ferrite, barium ferrite, and the like can be used.
- the metal particles are advantageous when recovering the oil adsorbent, it is preferable that the metal particles include a magnetic material.
- the magnetic material is not particularly limited, but is preferably a substance exhibiting ferromagnetism in the room temperature region.
- the present embodiment is not limited thereto, and ferromagnetic materials can be generally used.
- iron and alloys containing iron, magnetite, titanite, pyrrhotite, magnesia ferrite examples thereof include cobalt ferrite, nickel ferrite, and barium ferrite.
- magnetite Fe 3 O 4
- magnetite Fe 3 O 4
- it is not only inexpensive, but also stable as a magnetic substance in water and safe as an element, so that it can be easily used for water treatment.
- the size and shape of the magnetic material may be any as long as the cross-sectional area is 30 to 60% when aggregated.
- the average particle size of the magnetic material is preferably 0.05 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 to 5 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter is measured by a laser diffraction method. Specifically, it can be measured by a SALD-DS21 type measuring device (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation).
- the average particle diameter of the magnetic material is larger than 100 ⁇ m, the aggregated particles become too large, and the oil dispersion process tends to be poorly dispersed in water, and the effective surface area of the particles decreases. This is not preferable because the amount of adsorption of oils and the like tends to decrease.
- the average particle size is smaller than 0.05 ⁇ m, the primary particles are densely aggregated, and a sufficient oil adsorbing space cannot be obtained and the performance tends to be inferior.
- the terms primary particles and secondary aggregates are used.
- a primary particle is a single particle having a spherical shape, a polyhedron, or an indeterminate shape
- a secondary aggregate is an aggregate of primary particles and is synonymous with the oil adsorbent of the present invention. .
- the average particle diameter described above is not limited to the case of a magnetic material, and is preferable for the above-described inorganic particles such as ceramic particles and nonmagnetic metal particles, and has the same effects.
- the polymer that covers the core of the oil adsorbent composed of the inorganic particles described above may be any polymer as long as it adsorbs oil, but the polymer skeleton is styrene, butadiene, isoprene.
- a polymer having at least one of acrylonitrile, alkyl acrylate, and alkyl methacrylate is preferable because of its high oil adsorption performance.
- the above-described inorganic particles, polymer, and solvent A are prepared, and these are mixed to prepare a predetermined slurry solution.
- the solvent A is not particularly limited as long as it can form a slurry solution in which the polymer is dissolved to disperse the inorganic particles, but is preferably a polar solvent. Since the polar solvent is excellent in hydrophilicity, the hydroxyl group present in a minute amount on the surface of the inorganic particle or the like has an affinity, and the inorganic particle or the like does not aggregate and is uniformly dispersed in the polar solvent.
- “hydrophilic” is defined as being freely miscible with water. Specifically, when it is gently stirred with the same volume of pure water at a temperature of 20 ° C. at 1 atmosphere, The liquid mixture maintains a uniform appearance even after the rust has subsided.
- hydrophilic solvent examples include methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, acetone, tetrahydrofuran and the like.
- acetone or tetrahydrofuran capable of dissolving various polymers is used.
- the solvent A when the solvent A is a nonpolar solvent, the solvent A becomes a hydrophobic solvent (defined as having a water solubility of 10% or less), and thus inorganic particles aggregate in the slurry solution and become non-uniform. There is.
- oil content adsorbents are manufactured by spray drying, which will be described below, products that do not contain inorganic particles, or those that contain only inorganic particles, etc., are produced, and there are many types of defective products that are not suitable for actual oil content adsorption. This process is required.
- the composition of the defective product is not uniform, in order to return it to the slurry solution at the time of reuse, it is necessary to analyze the composition of the defective product in order to maintain the solution concentration at the set value, and the process of reuse is It becomes complicated.
- the obtained slurry solution is spray-dried.
- a spray drying method is used in which the organic solvent is removed from the so-called organic substance-containing solution to obtain a particulate organic substance.
- the organic substance is a resin composite particle having the inorganic particle or the like as a core and the periphery thereof covered with the polymer, and is the oil adsorbent according to the present invention.
- the average particle diameter of the secondary aggregate in which the primary particles are aggregated can be adjusted by adjusting the environmental temperature of the spray drying, the ejection speed, and the like, and the organic solvent is added between the aggregated primary particles.
- the organic solvent is added between the aggregated primary particles.
- pores are formed, and a porous structure suitable as an oil adsorbent can be easily formed.
- the environmental temperature at the time of spray drying of spray drying is higher by 30 ° C. or more than the boiling point of the solvent A. This is because the solvent A can be quickly evaporated from the oil-adsorbing particles, the outer shell can be formed before the inner solvent volatilizes, and the existence density difference of the primary particles can be formed between the inner and outer shells.
- the spray-drying method may be any known one, and examples thereof include a disk type, a pressure nozzle type, and a two-fluid nozzle type.
- oil recovery method oil is separated from water containing oil.
- oil refers to organic substances that are mixed / dispersed in water, generally liquid at room temperature, hardly soluble in water, relatively high in viscosity, and lower in specific gravity than water. More specifically, animal and vegetable oils, hydrocarbons, aromatic oils and the like. These are represented by fatty acid glycerides, petroleum, higher alcohols and the like. Each of these oils is characterized by a functional group and the like, and accordingly, a polymer and a functional group constituting the oil adsorbent can be selected.
- the oil adsorbent is immersed and dispersed in water containing oil.
- the lipophilic polymer is formed on the surface of the oil adsorbent due to the molecular structure, the oil is adsorbed on the polymer due to the affinity between the polymer and the oil.
- the surface of the oil adsorbing material is not smooth and preferably has a porous structure, the oil adsorbing efficiency is increased.
- the oil adsorbing material is manufactured using the spray drying method, the oil adsorbing efficiency can inevitably be improved because it is relatively porous.
- the oil adsorbent After the oil adsorbent adsorbs the oil, the oil adsorbent is separated from the water and the oil present in the water is separated and removed.
- separating an oil component adsorbent it can carry out easily using a centrifugal force with a well-known method, for example, sedimentation by gravity mentioned above, a cyclone, etc.
- the inorganic particles and the like contain a magnetic material, it is possible to use magnetic separation together.
- the water that is the subject of the oil recovery process is not particularly limited. Specifically, it can be used for industrial wastewater, sewage, domestic wastewater and the like.
- the concentration of oil contained in the water to be treated is not particularly limited.
- the adsorbed oil is removed by washing the oil adsorbent with the solvent B.
- This solvent B must not dissolve the polymer used in the oil adsorbent. Specifically, a solvent having a solubility in the solvent B of 1000 mg / L or less is used.
- Such solvents vary depending on the polymer to be coated and the surface modification.
- examples thereof include ethyl, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, diethyl ether, isopropyl ether, dibutyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, cyclohexane, chloroform, dimethylaniline, chlorofluorocarbon, n-hexane, cyclohexanone, toluene and xylene.
- a nonpolar solvent is particularly preferable. Since the nonpolar solvent exhibits hydrophobicity and particularly has high affinity with the oil, the oil adsorbed on the oil adsorbent can be easily and efficiently washed. Further, when a nonpolar solvent is used, it is very easy to separate and remove the deteriorated adsorbent. “Hydrophobic” is defined as having a water solubility of 10% or less and separating from water. In particular, hexane is preferable because it has a high oil-dissolving power, a boiling point of about 70 degrees, and is always a stable liquid at room temperature.
- alcohol can also be preferably used. In this case, it is easy to replace the water adhering or adsorbing to the surface of the oil adsorbent, and impurities other than the oil can be easily removed.
- alcohols methanol and ethanol having a low boiling point are particularly preferable.
- the oil adsorbent is packed in, for example, a column and the solvent B is allowed to pass through the column, and particularly when the oil adsorbent contains a magnetic substance, the oil adsorbent is placed in a washing tank and a large amount of solvent B is used. And then separating by a method such as cyclone or magnetic force.
- Example 1 6 parts by weight of polystyrene (G590; manufactured by Nippon Polystyrene Co., Ltd., density 1.05 g / cm 3 ) was dissolved in 300 ml of tetrahydrofuran to obtain a solution, and 40 wt. Parts (density 5.0 g / cm 3 , specific surface area 3.0 m 2 / g) were dispersed to obtain a composition.
- polystyrene G590; manufactured by Nippon Polystyrene Co., Ltd., density 1.05 g / cm 3
- Parts density 5.0 g / cm 3 , specific surface area 3.0 m 2 / g
- This composition is sprayed at 100 ° C. using a mini spray dryer (B-290 type; manufactured by Shibata Kagaku) to produce a spherically aggregated resin composite having an average secondary particle size of about 20 ⁇ m, that is, oil-adsorbing particles. did.
- the oil-adsorbing particles were porous.
- An SEM photograph of the cross section of the oil-adsorbed particles was taken and binarized to obtain the particle density.
- the particle area was 60%, and particles having a difference in particle density with a void in the center were obtained.
- the compression strength of the particles was measured using a micro compression tester (MCT-W500; manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), and found to be 2.2 MPa.
- MCT-W500 micro compression tester
- 99.6% of oil was found. It was found that it was adsorbed.
- Examples 2 to 5 A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of resin (content of inorganic particles) was changed. The results are shown in Table 1. When the amount of the resin is decreased (inorganic particle content is increased), the cross-sectional orientation particles are decreased, and voids tend to be formed. The oil adsorption rate was better as the amount of resin decreased.
- Example 1 A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of resin was changed to 0.1 g. The results are shown in Table 1. This composition was in the form of an aggregate immediately after spray drying, but it collapsed when stirred in water and almost became primary particles. The oil adsorption amount could not be measured.
- Example 2 A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of resin was changed to 10 g. The results are shown in Table 1. Although the cross section of this composition had a difference in density of inorganic particles inside and outside, a part of the gap between the inorganic particles on the surface of the composition was buried. The oil adsorption rate was measured and found to be 96.9%.
- Example 6 A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the spraying temperature was changed. The results are shown in Table 1. As the temperature is increased, the density of the inorganic particles in the cross section of the composition is inclined, and when the spraying temperature is 120 ° C. or higher (boiling point + 63.5 ° C.), about half of the particles are hollow particles, and at 140 ° C., about 70%. It was a hollow particle. The oil adsorption rate was higher than that produced at low temperature.
- Example 3 A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the spraying temperature was changed to 55 ° C. (boiling point ⁇ 1.5 ° C.). The results are shown in Table 1. When the temperature was lowered, the existence density of the inorganic particles in the cross section of the composition could not be inclined, and the composition was filled up to the inside. The oil adsorption rate was lower than that prepared at 75 ° C.
- Example 10 to 17 Samples were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the types and amounts of polymers were changed in Examples 10 to 15 and the types of inorganic particles were changed in Examples 16 and 17 and the spraying temperature was changed to 120 ° C. The results are shown in Table 1. By controlling the content of the inorganic particles and the proportion of the inorganic particles in the cross section, it was possible to obtain a composition with high oil adsorption and high strength even if the type of the polymer or inorganic particles was changed.
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Abstract
Description
本実施形態における油分吸着材は、無機粒子がコアを構成し、ポリマーがコアを被覆して凝集したものである。本発明は、油分吸着材に対し、この無機粒子の割合が体積換算で50~97%、好ましくは70~90%であり、かつ油分吸着材の断面に存在する無機粒子の面積が全体の30~60%であることを特徴とする。
次に、上述した本実施形態の油分吸着材の製造方法について説明する。
なお、本実施形態で、“親水性”とは、水と自由に混和するものと定義し、具体的には1気圧において温度20℃で同容量の純水と緩やかにかき混ぜた場合に、流動がおさまった後も当該混合液が均一な外観を維持するものである。
次に、上述の油分吸着材を用いた油分回収方法について説明する。油分回収は、油分を含む水から、油分を分離するものである。ここで“油分”とは、水中に混和/分散している有機物のうち、一般に常温において液体であり、水に難溶性であり、粘性が比較的高く、水よりも比重が低いものをいう。より具体的には、動植物性油脂、炭化水素、芳香油などである。これらは、脂肪酸グリセリド、石油、高級アルコールなどに代表される。これらの油類はそれぞれ有する官能基などに特徴があるので、それに応じて上記油分吸着材を構成するポリマーや官能基を選択することができる。
ポリスチレン(G590;日本ポリスチレン株式会社製,密度1.05 g/cm3)6重量部を、300mlのテトラヒドロフラン中に溶解させて溶液とし、その溶液中に平均粒子径1000nmの八面体マグネタイト粒子40重量部(密度5.0g/cm3,比表面積3.0m2/g)を分散させて組成物を得た。
実施例1とは樹脂の量(無機粒子の含有率)を変えたこと以外は同様にサンプルを作製した。結果を表1に示す。樹脂の量が少なくなる(無機粒子の含有量が多くなる)と断面の向き粒子が少なくなり、空孔ができる傾向にあった。油分吸着率は樹脂の量が少なくなるほど良かった。
実施例1とは樹脂の量を0.1gに変えたこと以外は同様にサンプルを作製した。結果を表1に示す。この組成物はスプレードライ直後は凝集体の形を成していたが、水中で攪拌すると崩壊し、ほとんど一次粒子になってしまった。油分吸着量は測定することができなかった。
実施例1とは樹脂の量を10gに変えたこと以外は同様にサンプルを作製した。結果を表1に示す。この組成物の断面は内部と外部で無機粒子の存在密度に差があるものの、組成物の表面の無機粒子間の隙間が一部埋まっていた。油分吸着率を測定したところ96.9%であった。
実施例1とは噴霧温度を変えたこと以外は同様にサンプルを作製した。結果を表1に示す。温度を上げていくと組成物の断面の無機粒子の存在密度に傾斜がでてきて、噴霧温度120℃以上(沸点+63.5℃)では半数ほどが中空粒子に、140℃では7割程度が中空粒子となっていた。油分吸着率は低い温度で作製したものよりも高かった。
実施例1とは噴霧温度を55℃(沸点-1.5℃)に変えたこと以外は同様にサンプルを作製した。結果を表1に示す。温度を下げると組成物の断面の無機粒子の存在密度に傾斜ができなくなり、中まで詰まった組成物となった。油分吸着率は75℃で作製したものよりも低かった。
Claims (5)
- 無機粒子と、
この無機粒子表面またはこの無機粒子間に形成されたポリマーと、
を有し、
前記無機粒子の含有率は、前記無機粒子および前記ポリマーに対して50体積%以上、97体積%以下であり、
前記無機粒子の面積は、前記無機粒子および前記ポリマーの断面に対して30%以上、60%以下であることを特徴とする油分吸着粒子。 - 前記無機粒子の密度は、前記油分吸着粒子の表面から内部にいくに従って小さくなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の油分吸着粒子。
- 前記無機粒子は、金属酸化物であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の油分吸着粒子。
- 前記無機粒子は、金属酸化物であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の油分吸着粒子。
- 無機粒子と、ポリマーと、溶媒とを混合し、スラリー溶液を調製する工程と、
前記スラリー溶液を、前記溶媒の沸点より30℃以上高い温度の環境下で噴霧する工程と、
を具備した油分吸着粒子の製造方法。
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CN200980160362.4A CN102470342B (zh) | 2009-07-08 | 2009-07-08 | 油分吸附材料及油分吸附材料的制造方法 |
RU2012104243/04A RU2478425C1 (ru) | 2009-07-08 | 2009-07-08 | Адсорбент масла и способ получения адсорбента масла |
CA2767437A CA2767437C (en) | 2009-07-08 | 2009-07-08 | Oil adsorbent and method of manufacturing oil adsorbent |
JP2011521707A JP5487207B2 (ja) | 2009-07-08 | 2009-07-08 | 油分吸着材および油分吸着材の製造方法 |
SG2012001830A SG177600A1 (en) | 2009-07-08 | 2009-07-08 | Oil adsorbent and method of manufacturing oil adsorbent |
EP09847036.2A EP2452745A4 (en) | 2009-07-08 | 2009-07-08 | OIL ABSORBENT AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING OIL ABSORBENT |
AU2009349599A AU2009349599B2 (en) | 2009-07-08 | 2009-07-08 | Oil adsorbent and method of manufacturing oil adsorbent |
PCT/JP2009/003173 WO2011004431A1 (ja) | 2009-07-08 | 2009-07-08 | 油分吸着材および油分吸着材の製造方法 |
US13/344,769 US8809228B2 (en) | 2009-07-08 | 2012-01-06 | Oil adsorbent and method of manufacturing oil adsorbent |
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JP2012206106A (ja) * | 2011-03-15 | 2012-10-25 | Toshiba Corp | 樹脂複合体、水処理用ろ過助剤、水処理用プレコート材及び水処理方法 |
JP2013075288A (ja) * | 2011-03-15 | 2013-04-25 | Toshiba Corp | 金属回収装置及び金属回収方法 |
US9121083B2 (en) | 2011-03-15 | 2015-09-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Copper recovery apparatus and copper recovery method |
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CN106477770B (zh) * | 2016-10-26 | 2019-11-08 | 浙江奇彩环境科技股份有限公司 | N-(1-乙基丙基)-3,4-二甲基苯胺生产废水的处理方法 |
CN111939924B (zh) * | 2020-08-21 | 2023-05-09 | 赣州有色冶金研究所有限公司 | 一种臭氧氧化用复合催化剂及其制备方法 |
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CA2767437A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
AU2009349599B2 (en) | 2014-03-06 |
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US8809228B2 (en) | 2014-08-19 |
EP2452745A4 (en) | 2013-06-05 |
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CA2767437C (en) | 2015-05-12 |
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JPWO2011004431A1 (ja) | 2012-12-13 |
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US20120172215A1 (en) | 2012-07-05 |
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