WO2010134573A1 - 処理剤及びその製造方法、並びに、処理方法 - Google Patents
処理剤及びその製造方法、並びに、処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010134573A1 WO2010134573A1 PCT/JP2010/058536 JP2010058536W WO2010134573A1 WO 2010134573 A1 WO2010134573 A1 WO 2010134573A1 JP 2010058536 W JP2010058536 W JP 2010058536W WO 2010134573 A1 WO2010134573 A1 WO 2010134573A1
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- Prior art keywords
- fluorine
- water
- treatment agent
- treatment
- particles
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 235000019700 dicalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- XAAHAAMILDNBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O XAAHAAMILDNBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 98
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 105
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 27
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 21
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C2C3CC=CC3C1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- -1 phosphate compound Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 3
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052587 fluorapatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARLZGEXVMUDUQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.[Ca] Chemical compound O.O.[Ca] ARLZGEXVMUDUQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002801 charged material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940077441 fluorapatite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003682 fluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010169 landfilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/02—Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/08—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/10—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances
- C02F5/14—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances containing phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/06—Calcium compounds, e.g. lime
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
- C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D7/10—Salts
- C11D7/16—Phosphates including polyphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/12—Halogens or halogen-containing compounds
- C02F2101/14—Fluorine or fluorine-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
- C11D2111/10—Objects to be cleaned
- C11D2111/14—Hard surfaces
- C11D2111/22—Electronic devices, e.g. PCBs or semiconductors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a treatment agent, a production method thereof, and a treatment method.
- Fluorine is the wastewater discharged from the electrolytic refining process of aluminum, the manufacturing process of phosphate fertilizer, the pickling process of stainless steel, etc., the cleaning process of electrical parts such as silicon, the sewage sewage sewage, the coal-fired flue gas desulfurization effluent
- the drainage standard has already been set, and the removal process is carried out to clear the standard value.
- fluorine treatment methods that have been put into practical use include a method in which a calcium salt is added to form poorly soluble calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ) and precipitated and separated, and an aluminum salt is added in an aluminum hydroxide (Al ( A method of coprecipitation with OH) 3 ) and separation, or a method of combining a coagulation precipitation method using a calcium salt and a coagulation precipitation method using an aluminum salt are common (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
- the fluorine concentration in the waste water can be reduced to 0.8 mg / L or less only by adding phosphates and / or phosphoric acid compounds.
- the treatment method of waste water containing fluorine generally performed using phosphates and / or phosphate compounds is a ratio in which phosphates and / or phosphate compounds and fluorine are determined from their chemical composition. It is characterized by the formation of a complex salt with a maximum of the stoichiometric amount of fluorine.
- phosphates and / or phosphate compounds are used in a fine powder. There is a need to.
- Examples of the treatment process for bringing the fine powdered phosphates and / or phosphate compound into contact with the wastewater containing fluorine include examples using a dispersion type contact tank (see, for example, Patent Documents 4 and 5). .)
- a process of removing fluorine by circulating fluorine-containing wastewater in a packed bed in which the fine powdered phosphates and / or phosphate compounds are densely packed is generally used. Is.
- JP 2005-324137 A Japanese Patent No. 3504248 JP 2004-358309 A JP 2004-122113 A JP 2006-305555 A JP 2007-216156 A JP 2008-297172 A
- the method of dispersing fine powdered phosphates and / or phosphate compounds in the contact tank is performed while reacting phosphates and / or phosphate compounds with fluorine. Although they are characterized by suppressing their outflow, in order to fix fluorine to a stoichiometric ratio with respect to phosphates and / or phosphate compounds, phosphates and / or phosphate compounds are used as much as possible. It is necessary to use after pulverizing, and such a fine powder may reduce the processing speed.
- a method of removing fluorine by flowing fluorine-containing wastewater through a packed bed in which fine powdered phosphates and / or phosphate compounds are densely packed is used to fill phosphates.
- the finer the phosphoric acid compound and / or the lower the water permeability of the packed bed the greater the pressure loss, so the problem that the packed bed must be pressure resistant, and fine powder Therefore, there is a problem that it is suspended in water and is difficult to separate from water.
- the phosphates and / or phosphate compounds to be packed are granulated and the particle size is increased to form a packed bed with increased water permeability, the phosphates and / or phosphate compounds are formed on the surface of the particles. Since it reacts with fluorine, there has been a problem that the amount of fluorine removed per unit weight of phosphates and / or phosphate compounds is reduced.
- An object of the present invention is to solve the problems in the conventional methods as described above, and to provide a treatment agent and a treatment method that can easily and efficiently remove fluorine in waste water.
- the present invention includes calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) and particles (B), wherein the calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) is supported on the particles (B). It is a processing agent.
- the present invention is also a method for producing the above-mentioned treatment agent, which comprises the step of mixing the calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) and the particles (B) using an inclined cylinder type gravity mixer. It is also a manufacturing method.
- This invention is also a processing method including the process of making the said process agent and the process target water containing a fluorine contact, and removing the fluorine in this process target water.
- the present invention is also a treatment method including a step of mixing the treatment agent with soil containing fluorine to insolubilize fluorine in the soil.
- the present invention is described in detail below.
- the present invention is a treatment agent containing calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) and particles (B) (except for particles of calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A)).
- the calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) on the particles (B) and allowing the treatment agent water of the present invention to permeate the water to be treated containing fluorine, powder hydrogen phosphate in the long term Calcium dihydrate (A) does not substantially flow out, and is excellent in water permeability over a long period of time, and the fluorine concentration in the treated water can be 0.8 mg / L or less over a long period of time.
- the term “supporting” refers to supporting the particles (B) as a carrier to carry the calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A).
- the treatment agent of the present invention is obtained by mixing powdered calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) and particles (B), and the calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) is converted into particles (B Therefore, since the particle size is large, it is difficult to form lumps (aggregates) and has excellent water permeability. Moreover, by carrying
- the treatment agent of the present invention contains calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A)
- fluorine in water or the like can be removed by bringing water or the like into contact with the treatment agent.
- fluorine in the fluorine-contaminated soil can be insolubilized as fluorapatite, and elution of fluorine from the soil can be suppressed.
- Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) exhibits a particularly excellent effect on insolubilizing fluorine in fluorine-contaminated soil as fluorine apatite.
- calcium phosphate (Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ) has an effect of insolubilizing fluorine in fluorine-contaminated soil, but is inferior to calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A).
- Fluoroapatite itself is the main component of natural phosphate ore, and other organic substances or heavy metals may not be used, and according to the treatment agent of the present invention, without causing secondary environmental pollution,
- the amount of fluorine eluted from fluorine-contaminated soil can be reduced to 0.8 mg / L or less of the soil environment standard with simple operations economically and reliably.
- the treating agent is preferably 1 to 100 parts by mass of calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the particles (B).
- the treating agent is preferably 1 to 100 parts by mass of calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the particles (B).
- calcium hydrogenphosphate dihydrate (A) is efficiently carry
- the amount of calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) is 5 to 50 parts by mass, and further preferably 7 to 15 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the particles (B).
- the calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) is preferably a powder, and more preferably has an average particle size of 30 to 70 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter is in the above range, calcium hydrogen phosphate can be efficiently carried on the particles (B), and a treatment agent having excellent fluorine removability can be obtained.
- the average particle diameter of the calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) is measured by a laser diffraction confusion method using Microtrack 9320HRA manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd.
- the calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) is one of the preferred forms in which the particle surface is activated.
- action which insolubilizes the said fluorine increases more when the powdery particle
- the particles recovered from the suspension by suspending the powdered particles of calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) in water and stirring or shaking the particles have a large number of tens of nanometers on the surface.
- the structure is such that fine crystals are uniformly deposited.
- the surface of such particles is activated, and for example, fluorine in fluorine-contaminated soil can be insolubilized more efficiently. Therefore, as the calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) used in the treating agent of the present invention, the powder particles of calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) are suspended in water and the particle surface is treated. Activated ones are preferred.
- the particle (B) is a particle capable of supporting the calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A).
- a treatment agent having excellent water permeability and fluorine removability can be obtained.
- Examples of the particles (B) include filtration sand and filtration gravel generally used for water purification, but the present invention is not limited to these. It is also preferable to use sand as the particles (B).
- the particle (B) is preferably substantially a particle having a particle diameter of 0.3 to 3.0 mm, more preferably consisting essentially of particles having a particle diameter of 0.3 to 3.0 mm. preferable.
- the particles (B) 90% by mass or more of the particles (B) as a whole preferably have a particle size of 0.3 to 3.0 mm, and a more preferable ratio is 99% by mass or more. A more desirable ratio is 99.9% by mass or more. It is particularly preferable that the particles (B) do not contain particles having a particle diameter of less than 0.3 mm and do not contain particles having a particle diameter of more than 3.0 mm.
- the particle diameter is in the above range, the calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) is efficiently supported, so that the treatment agent can be made more excellent in water permeability and fluorine-containing compound removability.
- the particles (B) do not substantially contain particles having a particle diameter exceeding 2.8 mm.
- the particle size of the above particle (B) was manually screened using a standard mesh sieve (JIS Z8801, nominal size: 0.3-3.0 mm, sieve size: ⁇ 200, depth 45 mm). Ask. In order not to include particles having a particle diameter exceeding 2.8 mm, a sieve having a nominal size of 2.8 mm is used.
- the particles (B) preferably have a uniformity coefficient of 1.5 or less.
- the uniformity coefficient is in the above range, the calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) is efficiently supported, and it is possible to provide a treatment agent that is more excellent in water permeability and excellent in removability of the fluorine-containing compound. it can.
- the uniformity coefficient of the particles (B) is measured in accordance with JWWA A103-1: 2004.
- the treatment agent of the present invention may optionally contain components other than calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) and particles (B) as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. It is preferable that the calcium hydrogen dihydrate (A) and the particles (B) occupy 99% by mass or more in total.
- the treatment agent of the present invention is preferably a treatment agent for fluorine-containing water, and is also preferably a treatment agent for fluorine-containing soil.
- This invention is a method of manufacturing the said processing agent, Comprising: This manufacturing method mixes the calcium hydrogenphosphate dihydrate (A) and particle
- the tilting cylinder type gravitational mixer is a type in which a mixing vessel for mixing calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) and particles (B) is attached to a tilting cylinder mechanism. What is called a formula mixer may be used.
- the tilting cylinder mechanism is a mechanism for tilting the mixing container.
- a frustoconical container is united, a mixing container having one end opened and the other end closed is attached to a tilting mechanism, and the mixing container What attached the blade
- the mixing container is preferably rotatable.
- the tilting cylinder mechanism When mixing the calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) and the particles (B), usually, the tilting cylinder mechanism is actuated so that the opening of the drum faces upward, and the mixing container is rotated in a certain direction. Calcium oxyhydrogen dihydrate (A) and particles (B) are charged. The charged materials are mixed by repeating the operation of being lifted by the blades and dropped downward. Tilting cylinder type gravitational mixers are mixed by the behavior of the input materials. Therefore, mixing is performed while maintaining the state that calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) is supported on particles (B). can do. Therefore, an especially excellent effect is exhibited in the production of the treatment agent.
- grains (B) are put in the mixing container of a tilting-cylinder-type gravity mixer, and water is added and mixed as needed. It is preferable.
- This invention is also a processing method (henceforth a "fluorine removal processing method") including the process which makes the said processing agent and the process target water containing fluorine contact, and removes the fluorine in this process target water. .
- the contact between the treatment target water and the treatment agent may be a batch contact in which the treatment agent is added to the treatment target water, or a continuous contact in which the treatment target water is circulated through a column filled with the treatment agent. There may be. Moreover, it may be processed a plurality of times by batch contact, may be processed a plurality of times by continuous contact, or may be processed by combining batch contact and continuous contact.
- the packed column in the continuous contact may be a moving bed type, a fixed bed type, or a fluidized bed type.
- the fluorine removal treatment method of the present invention may include a step of collecting treated water having a fluorine concentration of 0.8 mg / L or less. Since the said processing agent is excellent in water permeability and reaction efficiency, the fluorine contained in process target water can be removed efficiently and the fluorine concentration in water can be 0.8 mg / L or less. Moreover, since the said processing agent is carrying
- the fluorine content of the water to be treated is not particularly limited, and even if the content is small or at most, excellent fluorine removal ability can be exhibited.
- it can be 0.1 mg / L or more. preferable. From the viewpoint of further exerting the effects of the present invention, it is more preferable to exceed 0.8 mg / L.
- the fluorine ion concentration in the fluorine-containing water can be measured by a method based on JIS K0102.
- the treatment target water to be contacted with the treatment agent is not particularly limited as long as it is fluorine-containing water (fluorine-containing water), and examples thereof include factory waste water, hot spring water, and river water.
- Factory wastewater includes fluorine-containing wastewater discharged from silicon wafer manufacturing plants, semiconductor manufacturing plants, etc., pickling wastewater discharged from metal plants, aluminum surface treatment wastewater, hydrofluoric acid manufacturing wastewater, fertilizer manufacturing wastewater, waste incineration wastewater, etc. Is mentioned.
- the treatment target water preferably has a pH of 3 or more in that high removal efficiency of fluorine ions can be obtained. Accordingly, it is preferable that the treated water obtained by the fluorine removing treatment method of the present invention (hereinafter also simply referred to as “treated water”) has a pH of 3 or more.
- the pH is more preferably 4 or more.
- the pH may be adjusted to 3 or more with sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide or the like.
- pHs of the said process target water and treated water are 11 or less.
- pH exceeds 11 there exists a possibility that reaction of calcium hydrogenphosphate dihydrate (A) and a fluorine ion may become difficult to advance.
- the pH of the fluorine-containing water or treated water exceeds 11, or when the pH exceeds 11 during each step, the pH may be adjusted to 11 or less with hydrochloric acid or the like.
- the amount of fluorine removed per 1 g of calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) can be 1 mg-F / g or more, preferably 10 mg-F / g or more.
- the fluorine removal treatment method of the present invention includes a step of adding calcium ions to water to be treated to produce calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ), and a treatment in which the fluoride ion concentration is reduced by removing the produced calcium fluoride.
- a step of collecting the target water may be included. These steps are preferably performed before the step of bringing the treating agent into contact with the treatment target water containing fluorine and removing the fluorine in the treatment target water. Since these steps use a calcium compound that is relatively low in cost, the cost can be reduced particularly when the fluorine ion concentration of the water to be treated is high.
- the calcium ions are preferably added as calcium compounds such as slaked lime (Ca (OH) 2 ), calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), and calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ).
- the treated water is one from which fluorine has been sufficiently removed, has a low fluorine concentration (for example, 0.8 mg / L or less), and satisfies environmental standards.
- the present invention is also a treatment method (hereinafter also referred to as “fluorine insolubilization treatment method”) in which the treatment agent and soil containing fluorine are mixed to insolubilize fluorine in the soil.
- fluorine insolubilization treatment method When mixing the soil containing the treatment agent and fluorine, calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) reacts with the soluble fluoride ion present in the soil, Ca 10 (PO 4) 6 F 2 Is formed and insolubilized.
- calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) alone is mixed with soil containing fluorine, calcium hydrogen phosphate becomes lumps (aggregates) and cannot be sufficiently dispersed.
- the treatment agent of the present invention is excellent in dispersibility and can be efficiently mixed with fluorine-containing soil.
- the fluorine insolubilization treatment method includes, for example, a step of producing the treatment agent by mixing calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) and particles (B), and adding the treatment agent to fluorine-containing soil. It is preferable to include a process and a process of mixing the added treatment agent and soil containing fluorine.
- the method for producing the treatment agent by mixing calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (A) and particles (B) is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method using the above-mentioned tilted barrel type gravity mixer. .
- the fluorine elution amount of the soil containing fluorine is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 0.1 mg / L or more, and further 0.8 mg / L or more.
- the soil is preferably soil or sludge, for example.
- the soil is not particularly limited as long as it is generally referred to as soil.
- soil For example, sand, sand loam, loam, dredged soil, dredged soil, etc. can be used.
- the soil etc. which mixed and adjusted the crushed water rock, the pulverized pumice, volcanic ash soil, etc. suitably are mentioned.
- the soil etc. which are used as soil for home gardening may be used.
- sludge examples include solids formed by agglomeration of organic final products, which are generated in a process of a sewage treatment plant or a waste liquid process of a factory, and are also referred to as sludge.
- activated sludge etc. which are the agglomeration of microorganisms produced when a water treatment is performed by microorganism groups, such as aerobic bacteria, are also mentioned.
- the treatment agent of the present invention has the above-described configuration, it is possible to easily and economically obtain treated water from which fluorine has been sufficiently removed, and elution of fluorine from the treated soil.
- the amount can be 0.8 mg / L or less of the soil environment standard.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a filtration device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a filtration device in Comparative Example 1.
- Example 1 Inclined torso type gravity mixer (capacity 110L), sand for rapid filtration (manufactured by Tokemi, “Japan Waterworks Association Standard JWWA A103-1: 2004 standard product, effective diameter: 0.6 mm, uniformity coefficient: 1.5 or less, maximum Dia. 2.8 mm or less, minimum diameter 0.3 mm or more ”) and calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate powder (manufactured by Taihei Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd.,” average particle diameter: 54 ⁇ m “(hereinafter referred to as DCPD)) in total 100 masses 90 parts by mass of rapid filtration sand and 10 parts by mass of DCPD were added per part, and mixing was performed for 3 minutes.
- DCPD average particle diameter
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the filtration device according to the first embodiment.
- a glass column housing 1 ( ⁇ 10 cm) was filled with a mixture 2 of rapid filtration sand and DCPD obtained by the above mixing and glass wool 3 to obtain a filtration device 5.
- water to be treated containing fluorine was injected at a flow rate of 50 ml / min from a pipe 6 connected to the upper part of the filtration device 5, and treated water was obtained from a pipe 7 connected to the lower part of the device.
- the treatment target water 4 containing fluorine is treated by allowing the mixture 2 to permeate through the column housing 1.
- the water permeability of the mixture 2 was evaluated by the change in the water level of the water surface 8.
- Table 1 shows the flow rate, fluorine concentration and water level of the water to be treated, and the flow rate and fluorine concentration of the treated water.
- the treatment target water containing fluorine and the fluorine concentration in the treatment water were measured by a method based on JIS K0102.
- Example 2 General sand for mortar, concrete, etc. used for civil engineering and construction applications (effective diameter: 0.1 to 5 mm, maximum diameter over 3.0 mm, 5) 0 mm or less) and 100 parts by mass of DCPD, 90 parts by mass of sand and 10 parts by mass of DCPD were added and mixed for 3 minutes.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the obtained mixture was filled into a glass column housing, a filtration device was created, water to be treated containing fluorine was injected from the top of the filtration device, and water permeability was evaluated. The fluorine concentration was measured. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 1 The experiment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that DCPD was used alone instead of the mixture of rapid filtration sand and DCPD. As shown in FIG. 2, a glass column housing 1 ( ⁇ 10 cm) was filled with DCPD 9 and glass wool 3 to obtain a filtration device 5a. DCPD is the same as that in the first embodiment.
- the target water containing fluorine was injected from the pipe 6 connected to the upper part of the apparatus at a flow rate of 50 ml / min, the water level 8 of the processing target water containing fluorine rose and reached the upper surface of the apparatus shortly after the injection. No treated water was obtained.
- Table 3 shows the flow rate, fluorine concentration and water level of the water to be treated, and the flow rate and fluorine concentration of the treated water. In addition, since the treated water was not obtained, the fluorine concentration of the treated water was not measurable.
- the tilting barrel type gravity mixer (capacity 110L) is composed of beads (effective diameter: 2 to 4 mm) and DCPD, which are commonly used for handicrafts and decoration, and 100 parts by mass of DCPD. Were added at a ratio of 90 parts by mass and 10 parts by mass of DCPD, and mixed for 3 minutes.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the obtained mixture was filled in a glass column housing, a filtration device was created, and water to be treated containing fluorine was injected from the top of the filtration device, and the beads began to float, The treated water at the top of the filtration device became cloudy. In the same manner as in Example 1, water permeability was evaluated and the fluorine concentration was measured. The results are shown in Table 4. These results indicate that DCPD is not fully supported on the beads.
- the treatment agent of the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, in the field where fluorine-containing water and fluorine-containing soil are generated, such as electroplating industry, semiconductor manufacturing industry, electron tube manufacturing industry, and glass industry. It can be suitably used.
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
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- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
以下に本発明を詳述する。
上記粒子(B)の均等係数は、JWWA A103-1:2004に沿って測定する。
傾胴型重力式ミキサーは、投入された材料の挙動によって混合が促進されるため、リン酸水素カルシウム二水和物(A)が粒子(B)に担持された状態を良好に保持しながら混合することができる。そのため、上記処理剤の製造に特に優れた効果を発揮する。
リン酸水素カルシウム二水和物(A)単独でフッ素を含有する土壌と混合する場合、リン酸水素カルシウムがダマ(凝集物)になり、充分に分散させることができない。しかしながら、本発明の処理剤は、リン酸水素カルシウムが粒子(B)に担持されているため、分散性に優れ、効率よくフッ素含有土壌と混合することができる。
傾胴型重力式ミキサー(容量110L)に、急速濾過用砂(トーケミ製、「日本水道協会規格 JWWA A103-1:2004規格品、有効径:0.6mm、均等係数:1.5以下、最大径2.8mm以下、最小径0.3mm以上」)及びリン酸水素カルシウム二水和物の粉末(太平化学産業製、「平均粒径:54μm」(以下、DCPDという。))の合計100質量部当たり、急速濾過用砂を90質量部、DCPDを10質量部の割合で投入し、3分間混合を行った。
次に、フッ素を含む処理対象水を流速50ml/minにて、濾過装置5の上部に接続した管6から注入し、装置下部に接続した管7より処理水を得た。フッ素を含む処理対象水4は、図1中に示すように、カラム筐体1中で混合物2に透水させることで処理が行われる。本実施例において、混合物2の透水性は、水面8の水位の変化で評価した。表1に処理対象水の流量、フッ素濃度及び水位、ならびに、処理水の流量とフッ素濃度を示す。なお、フッ素を含む処理対象水及び処理水中のフッ素濃度は、JIS K0102に準拠した方法により測定した。
傾胴型重力式ミキサー(容量110L)に、土木・建築用途として使用されているモルタル・コンクリート等用の一般的な砂(有効径:0.1~5mm、最大径3.0mm超、5.0mm以下)及びDCPDの合計100質量部当たり、砂を90質量部、DCPDを10質量部の割合で投入し、3分間混合を行った。
急速濾過用砂とDCPDとの混合物の代わりに、DCPDを単独で用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で実験を行った。図2に示すように、ガラス製カラム筐体1(φ10cm)に、DCPD9及びガラスウール3を充填して濾過装置5aとした。DCPDは、実施例1と同一である。
次に、フッ素を含む対象水を、流速50ml/minにて装置上部に接続した管6から注入したところ、注入後まもなくフッ素を含む処理対象水の水面8が上昇して装置上面まで達したため、処理水は得られなかった。表3に処理対象水の流量、フッ素濃度及び水位、ならびに、処理水の流量とフッ素濃度を示す。なお、処理水は得られなかったため、処理水のフッ素濃度は測定不可能であった。
傾胴型重力式ミキサー(容量110L)に、手芸・装飾用途として一般的に使用されている材質がガラスおよび樹脂であるビーズ(有効径:2~4mm)及びDCPDの合計100質量部当たり、ビーズを90質量部、DCPDを10質量部の割合で投入し、3分間混合を行った。
2:急速濾過用砂とDCPDとの混合物
3:ガラスウール
4:フッ素を含む処理対象水
5、5a:濾過装置
6、7:管
8:水面
9:DCPD
Claims (8)
- リン酸水素カルシウム二水和物(A)と粒子(B)とを含み、リン酸水素カルシウム二水和物(A)が粒子(B)に担持されていることを特徴とする処理剤。
- 粒子(B)は、実質的に、粒子径が0.3~3.0mmの粒子である請求項1記載の処理剤。
- 粒子(B)は、均等係数が1.5以下である請求項1又は2記載の処理剤。
- リン酸水素カルシウム二水和物(A)は、平均粒子径が30~70μmである請求項1、2又は3記載の処理剤。
- 請求項1、2、3又は4記載の処理剤を製造する方法であって、
リン酸水素カルシウム二水和物(A)及び粒子(B)を、傾胴型重力式ミキサーを用いて混合する工程を含む
ことを特徴とする処理剤の製造方法。 - 請求項1、2、3又は4記載の処理剤とフッ素を含有する処理対象水とを接触させて、該処理対象水中のフッ素を除去する工程を含む
ことを特徴とする処理方法。 - 請求項1、2、3又は4記載の処理剤とフッ素を含有する土壌とを混合し、該土壌中のフッ素を不溶化する工程を含む
ことを特徴とする処理方法。 - 前記土壌は、土又は汚泥である請求項7記載の処理方法。
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JP2011514447A JP5582141B2 (ja) | 2009-05-21 | 2010-05-20 | 処理剤及びその製造方法、並びに、処理方法 |
KR1020117027668A KR101294490B1 (ko) | 2009-05-21 | 2010-05-20 | 처리제 및 그의 제조 방법, 및 처리 방법 |
BRPI1011067A BRPI1011067A2 (pt) | 2009-05-21 | 2010-05-20 | agente de tratamento e processo para produção do mesmo, e método de tratamento |
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CN103241858A (zh) * | 2012-02-14 | 2013-08-14 | 大金工业株式会社 | 反应槽、处理设备以及处理方法 |
JP2013166094A (ja) * | 2012-02-14 | 2013-08-29 | Daikin Industries Ltd | 処理方法、及び、処理設備 |
WO2014017500A1 (ja) * | 2012-07-24 | 2014-01-30 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | リン酸イオン含有水溶液の処理方法 |
CN105692575A (zh) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-22 | 贵州省冶金化工研究所 | 一种磷矿石的利用方法 |
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CN113262805B (zh) * | 2021-04-20 | 2023-09-29 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | 一种除氟催化剂及其制备方法和除氟方法 |
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- 2010-05-20 JP JP2011514447A patent/JP5582141B2/ja active Active
- 2010-05-20 KR KR1020117027668A patent/KR101294490B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2010-05-20 WO PCT/JP2010/058536 patent/WO2010134573A1/ja active Application Filing
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WO2014017500A1 (ja) * | 2012-07-24 | 2014-01-30 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | リン酸イオン含有水溶液の処理方法 |
CN105692575A (zh) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-22 | 贵州省冶金化工研究所 | 一种磷矿石的利用方法 |
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JP5582141B2 (ja) | 2014-09-03 |
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