WO2010073886A1 - 電流形電力変換回路 - Google Patents
電流形電力変換回路 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010073886A1 WO2010073886A1 PCT/JP2009/070309 JP2009070309W WO2010073886A1 WO 2010073886 A1 WO2010073886 A1 WO 2010073886A1 JP 2009070309 W JP2009070309 W JP 2009070309W WO 2010073886 A1 WO2010073886 A1 WO 2010073886A1
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- current source
- circuit
- power conversion
- conversion circuit
- source power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/145—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
- H02M7/155—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
- H02M7/162—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
- H02M7/1623—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration with control circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a current source power conversion circuit.
- a current source power conversion circuit needs to use an element having a structure for preventing reverse conduction in a switch circuit.
- the switch circuit may have a configuration in which an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) and a diode are connected in series.
- IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
- a configuration is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.
- a circuit in which circuits for ensuring the reverse breakdown voltage of the IGBT are combined in multiple phases is known.
- the current source power conversion circuit is also used as a current source PWM (PulseulWidth Modulation) rectifier circuit. Specifically, it is disclosed in Patent Document 2.
- PWM PulseulWidth Modulation
- each phase switch circuit for example, the emitter potential in the case of an IGBT in which the current source power conversion circuit is used as a rectifier circuit
- the conventional current source power conversion circuit it is necessary to use an independent power source for each phase switch circuit in order to drive each phase switch circuit. If a drive power supply is provided for each switch circuit, six drive power supplies are required in the case of a three-phase current source power conversion circuit, and there is a problem that the current source power conversion circuit has an expensive and complicated configuration.
- the current source power conversion circuit according to the present invention has an object to provide a current source power conversion circuit having a simple structure with a low cost by using less drive power.
- a current source power conversion circuit includes a first switch circuit having a first self-extinguishing element and a first diode connected in series with each other, and a second switch connected in series with each other.
- a current source power conversion circuit including a plurality of half-bridge rectifier circuits including a series connection of a self-extinguishing element and a second switch circuit having a second diode connected in parallel. In any half-bridge rectifier circuit, the forward direction of the first self-extinguishing element, the first diode, the second self-extinguishing element, and the second diode is aligned in the same direction.
- the first current electrode, the second current electrode, and the control electrode are ignited / extinguished based on a control signal applied to the control electrode with reference to the first current electrode.
- the second current electrode of the first self-extinguishing element is connected to the first diode, the first current electrode of the first self-extinguishing element of one half-bridge rectifier circuit, and the second current electrode of the other half-bridge rectifier circuit.
- the first current electrode of one self-extinguishing element is short-circuited and connected.
- the first drive circuit that gives a signal to the first self-extinguishing element the capacitor that is charged by a power source that drives the first drive circuit, and the second switch circuit that is driven by the electric charge charged in the capacitor And a second drive circuit, and a discharge blocking diode may be provided between the power supply and the capacitor to prevent the capacitor from discharging to the power supply.
- the circuit for accumulating charges in the capacitor may be a bootstrap circuit.
- circuit for accumulating charges in the capacitor may be a charge pump circuit.
- the first diode may function as a discharge blocking diode.
- the second diode may function as a discharge blocking diode.
- the second diode may be arranged farther from the first switch circuit than the second self-extinguishing element.
- At least one switch circuit among the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit of the plurality of half-bridge rectifier circuits may be a self-extinguishing element having a reverse withstand voltage characteristic.
- a self-extinguishing element having a reverse withstand voltage characteristic may function as a discharge blocking diode.
- the driving power source to be used can be reduced, and an inexpensive and simple configuration can be achieved.
- the drive power supply to be used can be further reduced, and an inexpensive and simple configuration can be achieved.
- the circuit that accumulates the electric charge in the capacitor is a bootstrap circuit, the driving power supply to be used can be reduced, and an inexpensive and simple configuration can be achieved.
- the circuit for accumulating electric charge in the capacitor is a charge pump circuit, the driving power source to be used can be reduced and a simple and inexpensive configuration can be achieved.
- circuit configuration can be further simplified by substituting the discharge blocking diode with the first diode or the second diode of the first switch circuit.
- the second diode away from the first switch circuit rather than the second self-extinguishing element, the voltage drop of the second diode can be eliminated when charging the capacitor, and the capacitor charging voltage is secured higher. Thus, the operation reliability of the second switch circuit is improved.
- the number of elements constituting the switch circuit is reduced, and the circuit configuration is reduced. It can be simplified. Furthermore, since the loss generated in the switch circuit is also reduced, the heat sink for heat dissipation can be reduced, and further space saving can be achieved.
- circuit configuration can be further simplified by substituting the discharge blocking diode with a self-extinguishing element having a reverse withstand voltage characteristic.
- 1 is a circuit diagram of a current source power conversion circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a circuit diagram of a conventional current source power conversion circuit. 1 is a circuit diagram of a current source power conversion circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a circuit diagram of the current source power conversion circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention. It is a circuit diagram of a current source power conversion circuit according to a modification of the second embodiment of the present invention. It is a circuit diagram of the current source power conversion circuit according to the third embodiment of the present invention. It is a circuit diagram of the current source power conversion circuit according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. It is a circuit diagram of the current source power conversion circuit according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of a current source power conversion circuit according to a modification of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a part of a circuit diagram of a current source power conversion circuit according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram of a conventional current source power conversion circuit.
- the circuit shown in FIG. 2 is a three-phase current source rectifier circuit.
- a three-phase current source rectifier circuit 101 a three-phase AC power source 120, and an LC filter circuit 130 are illustrated.
- the three-phase current source rectifier circuit shown in FIG. 2 includes three half-bridge rectifier circuits connected in parallel to each other.
- the half-bridge rectifier circuit corresponding to the r-phase includes IGBTs 103r and 105r and diodes 104r and 106r.
- the half-bridge rectifier circuit corresponding to the s phase includes IGBTs 103s and 105s and diodes 104s and 106s.
- the half-bridge rectifier circuit corresponding to the t-phase includes IGBTs 103t and 105t and diodes 104t and 106t.
- the IGBTs 103r, 103s, 103t, 105r, 105s, and 105t are switching elements and are self-extinguishing elements.
- the diodes 104r, 104s, and 104t are reverse blocking diodes.
- the diodes 104r, 104s, and 104t are connected in series to the IGBTs 103r, 103s, and 103t in such a polarity that the forward current flows through the diodes 104r, 104s, and 104t when the forward current flows through the IGBTs 103r, 103s, and 103t, respectively.
- the anodes of the diodes 104r, 104s, and 104t and the emitters of the IGBTs 103r, 103s, and 103t are connected to each other.
- the diodes 106r, 106s, and 106t are reverse blocking diodes.
- the diodes 106r, 106s, and 106t are connected in series to the IGBTs 105r, 105s, and 105t in such a polarity that the forward current flows through the diodes 106r, 106s, and 106t when the forward current flows through the IGBTs 105r, 105s, and 105t, respectively.
- the cathodes of the diodes 106r, 106s, and 106t and the collectors of the IGBTs 105r, 105s, and 105t are connected to each other.
- the collectors of the IGBTs 103r, 103s, and 103t and the emitters of the IGBTs 105r, 105s, and 105t are connected to each other via connection points 107r, 107s, and 107t.
- the reverse blocking diode prevents the current from flowing in the reverse direction in the self-extinguishing element and prevents the element from being destroyed by applying a reverse voltage to the self-extinguishing element.
- the r-phase voltage Vr from the three-phase AC power supply 120 is input to the connection point 107r via the coil L11 of the LC filter circuit 130.
- the s-phase voltage Vs from the three-phase AC power source 120 is input to the connection point 107 s via the coil L 12 of the LC filter circuit 130.
- the t-phase voltage Vt from the three-phase AC power source 120 is input to the connection point 107t via the coil L13 of the LC filter circuit 130.
- the LC filter circuit 130 is configured as a low-pass filter with coils L11, L12, and L13 and capacitors C11, C12, and C13.
- the emitters of the IGBTs 103r, 103s, and 103t are connected to each other via the diodes 104r, 104s, and 104t, respectively. Therefore, the emitters of the IGBTs 103r, 103s, and 103t cannot be shared as the GND terminal of the control circuit. Further, in the three-phase current source rectifier circuit shown in FIG. 2, different phase voltages are applied to the collectors of the IGBTs 103r, 103s, and 103t, and therefore the collector potentials are different.
- FIG. 1 shows a current source power conversion circuit according to the present embodiment, which is similar to FIG. 2 in that the current source power conversion circuit is also a three-phase current source rectifier circuit.
- the circuit shown in FIG. 1 is a three-phase current source rectifier circuit.
- the three-phase current source rectifier circuit shown in FIG. 1 includes three half-bridge rectifier circuits connected in parallel to each other.
- the half-bridge rectifier circuit 2r corresponding to the r phase includes IGBTs 3r and 5r and diodes 4r and 6r.
- the half-bridge rectifier circuit 2s corresponding to the s phase includes IGBTs 3s and 5s and diodes 4s and 6s.
- the half-bridge rectifier circuit 2t corresponding to the t phase includes IGBTs 3t and 5t and diodes 4t and 6t.
- the IGBTs 3r, 3s, 3t, 5r, 5s, and 5t are switching elements and are self-extinguishing elements.
- the diodes 4r, 4s, and 4t are reverse blocking diodes.
- the diodes 4r, 4s, and 4t are connected in series to the IGBTs 3r, 3s, and 3t with the polarity in which the forward current flows through the diodes 4r, 4s, and 4t when the forward current flows through the IGBTs 3r, 3s, and 3t, respectively.
- the switch circuit is configured.
- the cathodes of the diodes 4r, 4s, 4t and the collectors of the IGBTs 3r, 3s, 3t are connected to each other.
- the diodes 6r, 6s, 6t are reverse blocking diodes.
- the diodes 6r, 6s, and 6t are connected in series to the IGBTs 5r, 5s, and 5t in such a manner that the forward current flows through the diodes 6r, 6s, and 6t when the forward current flows through the IGBTs 5r, 5s, and 5t, respectively.
- the switch circuit is configured.
- the anodes of the diodes 6r, 6s, and 6t and the emitters of the IGBTs 5r, 5s, and 5t are connected to each other.
- the anodes of the diodes 4r, 4s, 4t and the cathodes of the diodes 6r, 6s, 6t are connected to each other via connection points 7r, 7s, 7t.
- the three-phase AC power supply 8 is connected to the connection points 7r, 7s, and 7t through the LC filter circuit 30.
- the LC filter circuit 30 is configured as a low-pass filter with coils L1, L2, and L3 and capacitors C1, C2, and C3.
- the series connection of the IGBTs 3r, 5r configured as described above and the diodes 4r, 6r is grasped as a one-phase half-bridge rectifier circuit 2r.
- a series connection of IGBTs 3s, 5s and diodes 4s, 6s is grasped as a one-phase half-bridge rectification circuit 2s
- a series connection of IGBTs 3t, 5t and diodes 4t, 6t is grasped as a half-bridge rectification circuit 2t. Is done.
- the emitter terminals of the self-extinguishing elements (3r, 3s, 3t) of each phase of the one-side arm are short-circuited and connected to each other.
- the emitter terminal functions as a common potential.
- the emitters of the IGBTs 3r, 3s, and 3t of each phase are respectively connected to the connection line 9 so that these emitters function as a common potential.
- the reference potentials of the drive power supplies of the drive circuits for driving 3s and 3t can be set to the same potential. Therefore, it is possible to share the drive power supply of the drive circuit that drives the IGBTs 3r, 3s, and 3t of each phase.
- the circuit configuration is such that one drive power supply 11 is connected in parallel to the drive circuits 10 r and 10 s that drive the IGBTs 3 r and 3 s of the respective phases.
- the drive power supply 11 can be shared with the drive circuit.
- the three-phase current source rectifier circuit according to the present embodiment employs the circuit configuration as shown in FIG. It can be driven with. Therefore, in the three-phase current source rectifier circuit according to the present embodiment, the number of drive power supplies is combined with the drive power supplies (three) of the drive circuits that drive the three IGBTs 5r, 5s, and 5t of the lower arm, A total of four drive power supplies can be provided. Further, in the three-phase current source rectifier circuit according to the present embodiment, the number of wirings can be reduced by reducing the drive power supply, so that a simple and simple circuit configuration can be achieved. Further, in the three-phase current source rectifier circuit according to the present embodiment, space saving can be achieved by the reduced drive power supply.
- an IGBT is used as a self-extinguishing element.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and other elements having the same function may be used.
- a three-phase current source rectifier circuit has been described.
- the present invention is not limited to three phases.
- FIG. 4 shows a circuit diagram of the current source power conversion circuit according to the present embodiment.
- the current source power conversion circuit shown in FIG. 4 is a three-phase current source rectifier circuit, but only two-phase (r, s) IGBTs 3r and 3s are shown in the upper arm, and only one-phase (r) IGBT 5r is shown in the lower arm. 4.
- the current source rectifier circuit shown in FIG. 4 by connecting the emitters of the IGBTs 3r and 3s of each phase to the connection line 9, the emitters of the IGBTs 3r and 3s function as a common potential, and drive the IGBTs 3r and 3s of each phase.
- the drive power supply 11 of the drive circuits 10r and 10s is shared. As described above, the drive power supply 11 can be shared by the drive circuit that drives the IGBT 3t.
- the drive circuit 13 of the IGBT 5s is driven by using the drive power supply 11 that drives the drive circuits 10r and 10s by using a bootstrap circuit.
- the bootstrap circuit shown in FIG. 4 includes a diode 12 connected in series to the positive electrode of the drive power supply 11 and a capacitor 14 connected to a drive circuit 13 that drives the IGBT 5r.
- the cathode of the diode 12 is connected to one terminal of the capacitor 14, and the other terminal of the capacitor 14 is connected to the anode of the diode 6r.
- the capacitor 14 is charged by the drive power supply 11 when the upper arm IGBT 3 r is turned on.
- the diode 12 is a discharge blocking diode for blocking the discharge of the capacitor 14 with respect to the power supply 11, and changes depending on the potential of the power supply 11 and the charged capacitor 14 (this depends on the r-phase voltage Vr). It is also possible to grasp that it functions to maintain a potential difference with respect to the power source 11 and prevent backflow to the power source 11.
- the diode 12 may be another element as long as it has a withstand voltage characteristic equal to or higher than the potential of the drive power supply 11.
- the drive circuit 13 is driven by using the charged capacitor 14 as a drive power source having the emitter potential of the IGBT 5r as a reference potential.
- a level shift circuit 15 is connected to the drive circuit 13, The potential of the gate signal is appropriately shifted and input to the drive circuit 13.
- the power supply for driving the drive circuit 13 of the IGBT 5r of the lower arm is created by using the bootstrap circuit, and the drive power supply 11 actually provided is provided.
- the power supply is shared.
- the current source rectifier circuit shown in FIG. 4 discloses a circuit configuration in which the drive power supply is shared for the IGBT 5r for one phase (r), similarly, the IGBTs 5s, 5t for other phases (s, t) are disclosed.
- the upper arm IGBT 3r, 3s and 3t are made conductive, and the capacitor 14 connected to the drive circuit of the lower arm is charged.
- level shift circuit shown in this embodiment can be replaced with an insulating circuit using a photocoupler or the like. Further, when the reference potential of the gate signal is different from the emitter potential of the IGBTs 3r, 3s, and 3t of the upper arm, a level shift circuit and an insulating circuit are also required for the upper arm.
- FIG. 5 shows a circuit diagram of a current source power conversion circuit according to this modification.
- the current source power conversion circuit shown in FIG. 5 is a three-phase current source rectifier circuit, but only two-phase (r, s) IGBTs 3r and 3s are shown in the upper arm, and only one-phase (r) IGBT 5r is shown in the lower arm. 5.
- the current source power conversion circuit shown in FIG. 5 is the same as the current source power conversion circuit shown in FIG. 4 except for the charge pump circuit. Therefore, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted. .
- the charge pump circuit shown in FIG. 5 includes diodes 12 and 16 connected in series to the positive electrode of the drive power supply 11 and a capacitor 14 connected to the drive circuit 13 that drives the IGBT 5. Further, the charge pump circuit shown in FIG. 5 includes switch elements (for example, MOS FETs) 17 and 18 connected in series to the negative electrode of the drive power source 11 and one terminal of the capacitor 14, and an oscillation circuit 19 that controls the switch elements. And a capacitor 20 connected between the diodes 12 and 16 and between the switch elements 17 and 18.
- switch elements for example, MOS FETs
- one terminal of the capacitor 14 is connected to the anode of the diode 6r and the switch element 18, and the other terminal of the capacitor 14 is connected to the cathode of the diode 12.
- the oscillation circuit 19 operates the switch elements 17 and 18 exclusively. Therefore, in the charge pump circuit shown in FIG. 5, when the switch element 17 is turned on and the switch element 18 is turned off, the capacitor 20 is charged by the drive power supply 11. Next, the charge accumulated in the capacitor 20 is transferred to the capacitor 14 when the switch element 17 is turned off and the switch element 18 is turned on.
- the drive circuit 13 is driven by using the charged capacitor 14 as a drive power source having the emitter potential of the IGBT 5r as a reference potential.
- a level shift circuit 15 is connected to the drive circuit 13, and the potential of the gate signal is appropriately shifted and input to the drive circuit 13.
- a power source for driving the drive circuit 13 of the IGBT 5r of the lower arm is created using the charge pump circuit, and the drive power source actually provided 11 has a common power source.
- the three-phase current source rectifier circuit shown in FIG. 5 discloses a circuit configuration in which the drive power supply is shared for the IGBT 5r for one phase (r), similarly, the IGBTs 5s for other phases (s, t) are disclosed. , 5t can be shared by using a charge pump circuit. That is, the drive power source for driving the three-phase current source rectifier circuit can be made one.
- FIG. 6 shows a circuit diagram of the current source power conversion circuit according to the present embodiment.
- the current source power conversion circuit shown in FIG. 6 is a three-phase current source rectifier circuit.
- the configuration of the three-phase current source rectifier circuit illustrated in FIG. 5 is substantially the same as that of the three-phase current source rectifier circuit illustrated in FIG. 4, but is different in that the diode 12 is not provided.
- the diode 12 is a discharge prevention diode for preventing the capacitor 14 from discharging to the power supply 11.
- the function of the diode 12 is replaced by the diode 4r connected in series to the IGBT 3r.
- the diode 4 r needs to have a withstand voltage characteristic required for the diode 12.
- a drive power supply is usually provided with a low potential side of a DC bus (or a high frequency link or the like) as a reference potential. Therefore, the potential of the capacitor charged by the bootstrap circuit may be higher than that of the drive power supply, and the diode 12 is required to have a withstand voltage that is equal to or higher than the potential of the DC bus (or high frequency link, etc.).
- the drive power supply is provided with the high potential side of the DC bus (or high frequency link or the like) as the reference potential, and the withstand voltage is provided by the diode 4r of the current source power conversion circuit.
- the diode 12 can be substituted by 4r.
- the discharge prevention diode can be reduced, and the circuit can be simplified.
- the discharge prevention of the capacitor 14 for one phase (r) has been described.
- the diodes 4s and 4t are also prevented from discharging in the other phases (s, t). It can function as a diode.
- the IGBTs 3r, 3s, and 3t are kept conductive.
- the three-phase current source rectifier circuit shown in FIG. 6 has a circuit configuration using a bootstrap circuit.
- a three-phase current source rectifier circuit using a charge pump circuit has the configuration according to the present embodiment. Applicable.
- the function of the diode 12 is substituted by the diode 6r connected in series to the IGBT 5r.
- FIG. 7 shows a circuit diagram of the current source power conversion circuit according to the present embodiment.
- the current source power conversion circuit shown in FIG. 7 is a three-phase current source rectifier circuit.
- the configuration of the three-phase current source rectifier circuit shown in FIG. 7 is substantially the same as that of the three-phase current source rectifier circuit shown in FIG. 4, but the connection position of the diode 6r is different.
- the diode 6r is connected to the emitter side of the IGBT 5r in FIG. 4, it is connected to the collector side of the IGBT 5r in the present embodiment. That is, in FIG. 7, the diode 6r is arranged farther from the switch circuit (IGBT 4r, diode 5r) of the upper arm than the IGBT 5r.
- the reverse blocking diode 6r is separated from the upper arm switch circuit and connected to the collector side of the IGBT 5r.
- the voltage drop of the diode 6r can be eliminated. Therefore, in the three-phase current source rectifier circuit according to the present embodiment, it is possible to secure a higher drive power supply voltage (charge voltage for the capacitor 14) for driving the drive circuit 13 of the IGBT 5r, and the operation reliability is improved.
- the elimination of the voltage drop of the capacitor 14 for one phase (r) has been described.
- the diodes 6s and 6t are also provided for the other phases (s, t).
- the voltage drop of the capacitor can be eliminated by arranging it away from the switch circuit of the upper arm. Further, since the potential of the drive power supply 11 is higher than the high potential side of the direct current bus (or high frequency link), the potential of the capacitor 14 becomes high, and the potential difference between the emitter potential of the IGBT 5r in the lower arm and the low potential side of the direct current bus. May be larger. However, in this case as well, the diode 6r can have a withstand voltage characteristic, so that the IGBT 5r of the lower arm is not broken due to a lack of withstand voltage in the reverse direction.
- the three-phase current source rectifier circuit shown in FIG. 7 has a circuit configuration using a bootstrap circuit, but the configuration according to the present embodiment can also be applied to a current source rectifier circuit using a charge pump circuit. It is. Further, the three-phase current source rectifier circuit shown in FIG. 7 has been described with the configuration in which the diode 12 is provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the diode 12 is replaced with a diode as in the three-phase current source rectifier circuit shown in FIG. 4r may be substituted.
- FIG. 8 shows a circuit diagram of the current source power conversion circuit according to the present embodiment.
- the current source power conversion circuit shown in FIG. 8 is a three-phase current source rectifier circuit.
- IGBTs 3r, 3s, 3t, 5r, 5s... which are self-extinguishing elements are included in the switch circuits of the half-bridge rectifier circuits 2r, 2s, 2t. 5t and diodes 4r, 4s, 4t, 6r, 6s, and 6t.
- the switch circuits of the half-bridge rectifier circuits 2r, 2s are replaced with IGBTs 3r, 3s, 5r and diodes 4r, 4s6r. , 22s, 23r.
- Examples of the self-extinguishing elements 22r, 22s, and 23r having a reverse breakdown voltage include an RB-IGBT (Reverse Blocking Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor).
- the current source power conversion circuit shown in FIG. 8 is the same as the current source power conversion circuit shown in FIG. 4 except for the self-extinguishing elements 22r, 22s, and 23r. The detailed description will be omitted.
- the current source power conversion circuit shown in FIG. 8 is a three-phase current source rectifier circuit. As in FIG. 4, the upper arm has two-phase (r, s) self-extinguishing elements 22r, 22s, Only the self-extinguishing element 23r for one phase (r) in the arm is shown in FIG.
- the number of elements constituting the switch circuit is the switch circuit (IGBT3r, 3s, 3t, 5r, 5s.5t and diodes 4r, 4s) reduced in the current source power conversion circuit shown in FIG. , 4t, 6r, 6s, 6t). Therefore, the current source power conversion circuit shown in FIG. 8 can be further simplified in circuit configuration and inexpensive. Further, in the current source power conversion circuit shown in FIG. 8, since the loss generated in the switch circuit is also reduced, the heat sink for heat dissipation can be reduced, and further space saving can be achieved.
- FIG. 9 shows a circuit diagram of the current source power conversion circuit of Modification 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the current source power conversion circuit shown in FIG. 9 is a three-phase current source rectifier circuit.
- the current source power conversion circuit shown in FIG. 9 is obtained by applying the configuration of the third embodiment to the current source power conversion circuit shown in FIG.
- the current source power conversion circuit shown in FIG. 9 is a circuit that eliminates the diode 12 by providing the self-extinguishing elements 22r, 22s, and 23r having reverse withstand voltage characteristics to function as a discharge blocking diode. It is a configuration.
- the current source power conversion circuit shown in FIG. 9 is the same as the current source power conversion circuit shown in FIG. 8 except that the diode 12 is omitted.
- the current source power conversion circuit shown in FIG. 9 is a three-phase current source rectifier circuit.
- the upper arm has two-phase (r, s) self-extinguishing elements 22r, 22s, Only the self-extinguishing element 23r for one phase (r) is shown in FIG.
- RB-IGBTs are represented using symbols as shown in the drawings as the self-extinguishing elements 22r, 22s, and 23r having reverse withstand voltage characteristics.
- the current source power conversion circuit according to the present modification the number of elements constituting the switch circuit is reduced and the voltage drop in the switch circuit is reduced as in the third embodiment. A higher voltage can be secured. Therefore, the current source power conversion circuit according to this modification can further improve the reliability of the operation of the lower arm switch circuit.
- the current source power conversion circuit including the drive circuit can be configured with a simple circuit. Therefore, the current source power conversion circuit can be configured in a space-saving manner. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the current source power conversion circuit module according to the first to fifth embodiments and the modifications thereof can be accommodated in one module, and a current source power conversion circuit module can be realized.
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Abstract
Description
図1に、本実施の形態に係る電流形電力変換回路の回路図の一部を示す。また、図2に、従来の電流形電力変換回路の回路図を示す。
図4に、本実施の形態に係る電流形電力変換回路の回路図を示す。図4に示す電流形電力変換回路は3相電流形整流回路であるが、上アームに2相分(r,s)のIGBT3r,3s、下アームに1相分(r)のIGBT5rのみを図4に記載している。図4に示す電流形整流回路でも、各相のIGBT3r,3sのエミッタを接続線9にそれぞれ接続することで、IGBT3r,3sのエミッタを共通電位として機能させ、各相のIGBT3r,3sを駆動するドライブ回路10r,10sの駆動電源11を共通化している。上述のように、IGBT3tを駆動するドライブ回路に対しても駆動電源11を共通化できる。
図4に示す電流形整流回路では、ブートストラップ回路を利用する構成について説明したが、駆動電源11によって充電されるコンデンサ14と、電源11に対するコンデンサ14の放電を阻止するダイオード12とをさらに備え、当該コンデンサ14に充電された電荷によって下アームのドライブ回路を駆動する構成であれば、他の回路構成を採用しても良い。
図6に、本実施の形態に係る電流形電力変換回路の回路図を示す。図6に示す電流形電力変換回路は、3相電流形整流回路である。図5に示す3相電流形整流回路の構成は、図4に示す3相電流形整流回路とほぼ同じ構成であるが、ダイオード12を備えていない点で異なる。ダイオード12は、電源11に対するコンデンサ14の放電を阻止するための放電阻止ダイオードである。本実施の形態に係る3相電流形整流回路では、当該ダイオード12の機能をIGBT3rに直列接続されたダイオード4rで代用する。但し、ダイオード4rは、ダイオード12に要求される耐電圧特性を有している必要がある。電圧形のインバータや整流回路、電流形のインバータにおいては、通常、直流バス(もしくは高周波リンク等)の低電位側を基準電位として駆動電源を設ける。よって、ブートストラップ回路により充電されるコンデンサの電位が駆動電源よりも高くなる場合があり、ダイオード12には直流バス(もしくは高周波リンク等)の電位以上の耐電圧を持つことが要求される。本実施例においては、直流バス(もしくは高周波リンク等)の高電位側を基準電位として駆動電源を設けており、かつ、電流形電力変換回路のダイオード4rで耐電圧を持たせているため、ダイオード4rでダイオード12を代用することが可能となっている。
図7に、本実施の形態に係る電流形電力変換回路の回路図を示す。図7に示す電流形電力変換回路は、3相電流形整流回路である。図7に示す3相電流形整流回路の構成は、図4に示す3相電流形整流回路とほぼ同じ構成であるが、ダイオード6rの接続位置が異なる。ダイオード6rは、図4ではIGBT5rのエミッタ側に接続されていたが、本実施の形態ではIGBT5rのコレクタ側に接続されている。つまり、図7では、ダイオード6rはIGBT5rよりも上アームのスイッチ回路(IGBT4r,ダイオード5r)から離れて配置される。
図8に、本実施の形態に係る電流形電力変換回路の回路図を示す。図8に示す電流形電力変換回路は、3相電流形整流回路である。実施の形態1乃至4に係る電流形電力変換回路では、ハーフブリッジ整流回路2r,2s,2tのスイッチ回路には自己消弧形素子であるIGBT3r,3s,3t,5r,5s.5tとダイオード4r,4s,4t,6r,6s,6tとにより構成していた。しかし、図8に示す電流形電力変換回路では、ハーフブリッジ整流回路2r,2sのスイッチ回路は、IGBT3r,3s,5r及びダイオード4r,4s6rに代えて、逆方向耐圧を持つ自己消弧形素子22r,22s,23rで構成されている。なお、逆方向耐圧を持つ自己消弧形素子22r,22s,23rとしては、例えばRB-IGBT(Reverse Blocking Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor)があげられる。また、図8に示す電流形電力変換回路は、自己消弧形素子22r,22s,23r以外は、図4に示す電流形電力変換回路と同じであるため、同じ構成要素には同じ構成番号を付与して詳細な説明は省略する。また、図8に示す電流形電力変換回路は3相電流形整流回路であるが、図4と同様に、上アームに2相分(r,s)の自己消弧形素子22r,22s、下アームに1相分(r)の自己消弧形素子23rのみを図8に記載している。
図9に、本実施の形態に係る変形例1の電流形電力変換回路の回路図を示す。図9に示す電流形電力変換回路は、3相電流形整流回路である。図9に示す電流形電力変換回路は、実施の形態3の構成を図8に示す電流形電力変換回路に適用したものである。つまり、図9に示す電流形電力変換回路は、逆方向耐電圧特性を持つ自己消弧形素子22r,22s,23rに、放電阻止ダイオードとしての機能も持たせることで、ダイオード12を削除する回路構成である。なお、図9に示す電流形電力変換回路は、ダイオード12を削除した以外は、図8に示す電流形電力変換回路と同じであるため、同じ構成要素には同じ構成番号を付与して詳細な説明は省略する。また、図9に示す電流形電力変換回路は3相電流形整流回路であるが、図4と同様に、上アームに2相分(r,s)の自己消弧形素子22r,22s、下アームに1相分(r)の自己消弧形素子23rのみを図9に記載している。なお、図8及び図9では、逆方向耐電圧特性を持つ自己消弧形素子22r,22s,23rとして、図に示すような記号を用いてRB-IGBTを表している。
実施の形態1乃至5及びその変形例に係る電流形電力変換回路を用いれば、ドライブ回路を含めた電流形電力変換回路は簡単な回路で構成できる。そのため、当該電流形電力変換回路を、省スペースで構成できる。そこで、本実施の形態では、実施の形態1乃至5及びその変形例に係る電流形電力変換回路を1つのモジュール内に納め、電流形電力変換回路モジュールを実現することが可能である。
4,6,12,16,104,106 ダイオード
7 接続点
8,120 三相交流電源
9 接続線
10,13 ドライブ回路
14,20 コンデンサ
15 レベルシフト回路
17,18 スイッチ素子
19 発振回路
22,23 自己消弧形素子
30,130 LCフィルタ回路
101 3相電流形整流回路
Claims (10)
- 相互に直列接続された第1自己消弧形素子(3r,3s,3t)及び第1ダイオード(4r,4s,4t)を有する第1スイッチ回路と、相互に直列接続された第2自己消弧形素子(5r,5s,5t)及び第2ダイオード(6r,6s,6t)を有する第2スイッチ回路との直列接続を含むハーフブリッジ整流回路(2r,2s,2t)の複数を並列接続して備える電流形電力変換回路であって、
いずれの前記ハーフブリッジ整流回路においても、前記第1自己消弧形素子、前記第1ダイオード、前記第2自己消弧形素子及び第2ダイオードの順方向は同方向に揃い、
いずれの前記第1自己消弧形素子も、第1電流電極及び第2電流電極並びに制御電極を有し、前記第1電流電極を基準として前記制御電極に与えられる制御信号に基づいて点弧/消弧し、
いずれの前記ハーフブリッジ整流回路においても、前記第1自己消弧形素子の前記第2電流電極が前記第1ダイオードに接続され、
一の前記ハーフブリッジ整流回路(2r)の前記第1自己消弧形素子(3r)の第1電流電極と、他の前記ハーフブリッジ整流回路(2s)の前記第1自己消弧形素子(3s)の第1電流電極とが短絡して接続する、電流形電力変換回路。 - 請求項1に記載の電流形電力変換回路であって、
前記第1自己消弧形素子(3r,3s)に前記信号を与える第1ドライブ回路(10r,10s)と、
前記第1ドライブ回路を駆動する電源(11)によって充電されるコンデンサ(14)と、
前記コンデンサ(14)に充電された電荷によって駆動され、前記第2スイッチ回路を制御する第2ドライブ回路(13)と
を更に備え、
前記電源と前記コンデンサ(14)との間には、前記電源に対する前記コンデンサ(14)の放電を阻止する放電阻止ダイオード(4r,6r,12,16)が存在する、電流形電力変換回路。 - 請求項2に記載の電流形電力変換回路であって、
前記コンデンサ(14)に電荷を蓄積する回路が、ブートストラップ回路である、電流形電力変換回路。 - 請求項2に記載の電流形電力変換回路であって、
前記コンデンサ(14)に電荷を蓄積する回路が、チャージポンプ回路である、電流形電力変換回路。 - 請求項3記載の電流形電力変換回路であって、
前記第1ダイオード(4r)が前記放電阻止ダイオードとして機能する、電流形電力変換回路。 - 請求項3に記載の電流形電力変換回路であって、
前記第2ダイオード(6r)が前記放電阻止ダイオードとして機能する、電流形電力変換回路。 - 請求項4に記載の電流形電力変換回路であって、
前記第2ダイオード(6r)が前記放電阻止ダイオードとして機能する、電流形電力変換回路。 - 請求項5記載の電流形電力変換回路であって、
前記第2ダイオード(6r)は前記第2自己消弧形素子(5r)よりも前記第1スイッチ回路から離れて配置される、電流形電力変換回路。 - 請求項1乃至請求項8のいずれか1つに記載の電流形電力変換回路であって、
複数の前記ハーフブリッジ整流回路(2r,2s,2t)の前記第1スイッチ回路及び前記第2スイッチ回路のうち少なくとも一つのスイッチ回路は、逆方向耐電圧特性を持つ自己消弧形素子(21r,21,s,21t)である、電流形電力変換回路。 - 請求項9に記載の電流形電力変換回路であって、
逆方向耐電圧特性を持つ前記自己消弧形素子(21r,21,s,21t)は、前記放電阻止ダイオードとして機能する、電流形電力変換回路。
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AU2009332039A AU2009332039B2 (en) | 2008-12-23 | 2009-12-03 | Current source power conversion circuit |
CN200980149687.2A CN102246406B (zh) | 2008-12-23 | 2009-12-03 | 电流型电力变换电路 |
BRPI0923400-4A BRPI0923400A2 (pt) | 2008-12-23 | 2009-12-03 | circuito de conversão de potência de fonte de corrente. |
US13/132,338 US8670259B2 (en) | 2008-12-23 | 2009-12-03 | Current source power conversion circuit |
EP09834690.1A EP2369731A4 (en) | 2008-12-23 | 2009-12-03 | Current source power conversion circuit |
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EP2369731A1 (en) | 2011-09-28 |
CN102246406A (zh) | 2011-11-16 |
JP4506891B2 (ja) | 2010-07-21 |
AU2009332039A1 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
US8670259B2 (en) | 2014-03-11 |
JP2010154581A (ja) | 2010-07-08 |
AU2009332039B2 (en) | 2014-01-09 |
CN102246406B (zh) | 2014-12-10 |
US20110242864A1 (en) | 2011-10-06 |
EP2369731A4 (en) | 2017-05-31 |
BRPI0923400A2 (pt) | 2020-08-11 |
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