WO2010071094A1 - ポリビニルアルコールフィルム - Google Patents
ポリビニルアルコールフィルム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010071094A1 WO2010071094A1 PCT/JP2009/070800 JP2009070800W WO2010071094A1 WO 2010071094 A1 WO2010071094 A1 WO 2010071094A1 JP 2009070800 W JP2009070800 W JP 2009070800W WO 2010071094 A1 WO2010071094 A1 WO 2010071094A1
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- film
- pva
- degree
- mass
- polarizing
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/02—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C41/12—Spreading-out the material on a substrate, e.g. on the surface of a liquid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F16/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
- C08F16/02—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an alcohol radical
- C08F16/04—Acyclic compounds
- C08F16/06—Polyvinyl alcohol ; Vinyl alcohol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08L29/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2329/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08J2329/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polyvinyl alcohol film that can be used as a raw material for a polarizing film having good polarizing performance.
- Liquid crystal display devices were used in small devices such as calculators and watches in the early stages of their development, but in recent years notebook computers, liquid crystal monitors, liquid crystal color projectors, liquid crystal televisions, in-vehicle navigation systems, mobile phones, It is used in a wide range of measuring instruments used indoors and outdoors.
- improvement in display quality for example, improvement in contrast, is increasingly required, and polarization performance is strongly improved even for polarizing plates, which are one of LCD members. It has been demanded.
- polarizing plates are uniaxial stretching, dyeing treatment with iodine or a dichroic dye, fixing treatment with a boron compound, etc. on a raw film made of polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter sometimes referred to as PVA). And a protective film such as a cellulose triacetate film or an acetic acid / butyric acid cellulose film is bonded to one side or both sides of the obtained polarizing film.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- a protective film such as a cellulose triacetate film or an acetic acid / butyric acid cellulose film is bonded to one side or both sides of the obtained polarizing film.
- various methods such as a method for improving the structure of PVA as a raw material, a method for controlling the physical properties of a PVA film, and a method for devising the manufacturing conditions of a polarizing plate are proposed. It has contributed to improving the contrast of LCDs.
- Patent Document 1 describes that a polarizing film made of PVA having a polymerization degree of 2500 or more, preferably 6000 to 10,000 is excellent in optical properties.
- PVA having a high degree of polymerization is an advantageous technique for improving the polarization performance, but industrial implementation has been difficult.
- the relationship between the complete dissolution temperature (X) in hot water and the equilibrium swelling degree (Y) is shown by the following equation as a raw film.
- the manufacturing method of the polarizing film using the PVA-type film which is the range is described.
- the polymerization degree of the PVA used in the above invention is preferably in the range of 3500 to 5000, and even if the production method is applied to the high polymerization degree PVA as it is, as shown in Comparative Examples described later, It has been found that the polarizing performance of the obtained polarizing film is not sufficient.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a film made of PVA having a high polymerization degree, which is useful as a raw material for producing a polarizing film having high polarization performance.
- a PVA film characterized by comprising a PVA having a degree of polymerization of 5100 to 10,000, a degree of swelling of 200 to 240%, and a retardation in the central portion in the width direction of 10 to 40 nm achieves the above object.
- the present invention has been completed.
- the saponification degree of the PVA is preferably 98 mol% or more.
- the thickness of the PVA film is preferably 10 to 120 ⁇ m.
- the present invention also includes the above-described method for producing a PVA film, in which a film-forming stock solution containing PVA having a polymerization degree of 5100 to 10,000 and water is used as a raw material.
- the present invention further includes a polarizing film obtained by dyeing and stretching the PVA film.
- the PVA film of the present invention can be used as a raw material for a polarizing film having good polarizing performance.
- the obtained polarizing film is a component of a liquid crystal display device such as a calculator, a wristwatch, a notebook computer, a liquid crystal monitor, a liquid crystal color projector, a liquid crystal television, an in-vehicle navigation system, a mobile phone, and a measuring instrument used indoors and outdoors. It can be used effectively for the production of a plate.
- the degree of polymerization of PVA used in the present invention needs to be 5100 to 10000, preferably 5200 to 9500, in order to correspond to the good polarization performance of the polarizing film that is the object of the present invention, and 5400 to 9200. More preferred.
- the degree of polymerization of PVA is less than 5100, it is difficult to exhibit high polarization performance when a polarizing film is produced.
- the polymerization degree of PVA exceeds 10,000, the productivity of PVA is lowered.
- the polymerization degree of PVA as used in the field of this invention means the polymerization degree (viscosity average polymerization degree) measured according to the method as described in the Example mentioned later.
- the degree of saponification of PVA is preferably 98 mol% or more, more preferably 99 mol% or more, further preferably 99.5 mol% or more, and most preferably 99.8 mol% or more.
- the degree of saponification of PVA is less than 98 mol%, PVA tends to be eluted in the manufacturing process of the polarizing film, and the eluted PVA may adhere to the film and reduce the performance of the polarizing film.
- the PVA used in the present invention can be produced by saponifying a polyvinyl ester polymer obtained by polymerizing a vinyl ester.
- vinyl esters include vinyl acetate, vinyl formate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl pivalate, vinyl versatate, vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate, vinyl benzoate, and the like. 1 type or 2 types or more are selected. Among these, vinyl acetate is preferably used from the viewpoints of availability, ease of production of PVA, cost, and the like.
- the polymerization temperature is not particularly limited, but when methanol is used as a polymerization solvent, the polymerization temperature is preferably around 60 ° C. near the boiling point of methanol.
- PVA is not limited to a saponified vinyl ester homopolymer unless the effects of the present invention are impaired.
- modified PVA obtained by graft copolymerization of PVA with unsaturated carboxylic acid or derivative thereof, unsaturated sulfonic acid or derivative thereof, ⁇ -olefin having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, etc.
- the PVA film of the present invention is obtained by forming the above PVA.
- a film forming method in addition to a method of melt-extruding hydrous PVA, a casting film forming method, a wet film forming method (discharge into a poor solvent), a gel film forming method (after once cooling and gelling a PVA aqueous solution, Solvent extraction and removal), cast film forming method (flowing PVA aqueous solution on substrate and drying), and a combination of these methods can be employed.
- the melt extrusion film forming method and the cast film forming method are preferable because a good PVA film can be obtained. Water is preferably used as the solvent used for film formation.
- a plasticizer may be used.
- the plasticizer include glycerin, diglycerin, ethylene glycol and the like, but are not limited thereto.
- the amount of the plasticizer used is not particularly limited, but is usually within a range of 10 to 15 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of PVA.
- Examples of the method for drying the PVA film after film formation include drying with hot air, contact drying using a hot roll, and drying using an infrared heater. One of these methods may be employed alone, or two or more may be employed in combination.
- the drying temperature is not particularly limited but is preferably in the range of 50 to 70 ° C. Further, the drying time at this time is approximately 45 to 75 minutes, although it depends on the concentration of the film forming stock solution and the film forming conditions.
- moisture content moisture content
- the moisture content of the film at this time is preferably 1 to 15% by mass, more preferably 1 to 10% by mass, and further preferably 2 to 6% by mass.
- heat treatment time it is generally within 5 minutes although it varies depending on the heat treatment temperature.
- the thickness of the PVA film of the present invention is preferably 10 to 120 ⁇ m, more preferably 12 to 80 ⁇ m, further preferably 15 to 75 ⁇ m, and most preferably 20 to 60 ⁇ m. If the thickness is less than 10 ⁇ m, the film may be easily broken in the stretching step described later. Moreover, when thickness exceeds 120 micrometers, there exists a possibility that the stress concerning a film at the time of extending
- the degree of swelling of the PVA film of the present invention needs to be 200 to 240%, preferably 205 to 235%, and more preferably 210 to 230%. If the degree of swelling is less than 200%, the tension during stretching becomes too large, and it becomes difficult to perform sufficient stretching. On the other hand, if the degree of swelling exceeds 240%, water absorption is high, so that wrinkles and end curls are likely to occur in the production process of the polarizing film, which will be described later, causing breakage during stretching. In order to control the degree of swelling within a predetermined range, for example, the temperature and time when the PVA film after film formation is heat-treated may be adjusted within the above range. The degree of swelling of the PVA film can be measured by the method described later in the item of Examples.
- the central retardation in the width direction needs to be 10 to 40 nm, more preferably 13 to 37 nm, still more preferably 17 to 33 nm, and most preferably 20 to 30 nm. If the retardation is less than 10 nm, dyeing spots are likely to occur because the dyeing speed when producing a polarizing film is slow. On the other hand, when the retardation exceeds 40 nm, the film is cut even at a low draw ratio.
- the retardation of the PVA film can be measured by the method described later in the items of the examples.
- a method of stretching the PVA film by a known method in addition to the method of heat-treating the PVA film after adjusting the humidity described above can be used, and the method is limited to these. It is not a thing.
- a method of heat treatment after conditioning the humidity is preferable. At this time, it is important to heat-treat only the two parallel sides of the PVA film, preferably only the two sides in the width direction. If the film is not fixed, or if the four sides are fixed and the heat treatment is performed, the stress applied to the film becomes isotropic, so that retardation does not occur and the purpose cannot be achieved.
- the manufacturing process of a polarizing film can include processes such as moisture adjustment, dyeing, stretching, and color adjustment. At this time, it is preferable to perform wet stretching of the film. Moreover, you may extend
- the temperature at this time is preferably 20 to 40 ° C., more preferably 25 to 35 ° C., and further preferably 27 to 33 ° C. If the temperature is lower than 20 ° C., the moisture content of the film original fabric becomes low, the tension applied to the film during subsequent stretching increases, and the polarizing performance of the resulting polarizing film may deteriorate. On the other hand, when the temperature exceeds 40 ° C., the water absorption of the original film becomes high and wrinkles and end curls tend to occur in the subsequent process, which may cause breakage during stretching. On the other hand, the time for immersing the original film is generally in the range of 30 to 120 seconds.
- the dyeing of the PVA film is performed, for example, in an iodine-potassium iodide aqueous solution.
- the iodine concentration is preferably 0.01 to 0.1% by mass
- the potassium iodide concentration is preferably 1 to 10% by mass
- the iodine concentration is 0.02 to 0.08% by mass
- the potassium iodide concentration 2 to 8% by mass is more preferable
- potassium iodide concentration of 3 to 6% by mass is further preferable.
- the temperature of the aqueous solution is not particularly limited, but is preferably 25 to 40 ° C.
- the wet stretching of the PVA film may be carried out as a step separate from the above-mentioned moisture adjustment and dyeing, but it is efficient and preferably carried out in the above-mentioned water for moisture adjustment or in an aqueous solution for dyeing. More preferably, it is carried out in an aqueous solution for dyeing, ie, an iodine-potassium iodide aqueous solution.
- the stretch ratio represented by the ratio of the length of the film before and after stretching is preferably 2.0 to 2.9 times, more preferably 2.2 to 2.8 times. It is preferably 2.4 to 2.8 times.
- the temperature at which the PVA film is wet-stretched is preferably from 20 to 40 ° C., more preferably from 25 to 40 ° C., even more preferably from 25 to 35 ° C., because a polarizing film having better polarizing performance can be obtained. -33 ° C is particularly preferred.
- the obtained stretched film may be further stretched in a boric acid aqueous solution.
- the draw ratio at this time is preferably 3 times or less, more preferably 1.2 to 3 times, still more preferably 1.3 to 2.9 times, and most preferably 1.4 to 2.8 times.
- the boric acid concentration in the aqueous solution is preferably 2 to 6% by mass, more preferably 2 to 5% by mass, and further preferably 2 to 4% by mass.
- concentration of boric acid is less than 2% by mass, the resulting polarizing film may have more color spots.
- concentration of boric acid exceeds 6% by mass, the cross-linking of PVA with boric acid becomes excessive, and it may be difficult to stretch the film at a high magnification.
- the concentration of potassium iodide is preferably 3 to 10% by mass, more preferably 4 to 8% by mass. When the concentration of potassium iodide is less than 3% by mass, the resulting polarizing film may be more bluish. On the other hand, when the concentration of potassium iodide exceeds 10% by mass, the resulting polarizing film may become reddish.
- the boric acid aqueous solution may contain a metal compound such as iron or zirconium as another component.
- the temperature of the aqueous solution is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50 to 60 ° C, more preferably 55 to 60 ° C, and further preferably 57 to 60 ° C.
- the stretching temperature is less than 50 ° C., sufficient stretching cannot be performed, and the polarization degree of the obtained polarizing film may be lowered.
- stretching temperature exceeds 60 degreeC, there exists a possibility that the transmittance
- the stretching ratio throughout the entire process is preferably 4.5 to 7.0 times, more preferably 4.7 to 6.5 times, and even more preferably 5.0 to 6.0 times.
- the polarizing performance of the polarizing film obtained as a draw ratio is less than 4.5 times may become low.
- the draw ratio exceeds 7.0 times, the film frequently breaks during drawing, and it may be difficult to stably produce a polarizing film.
- the color adjustment after stretching is preferably performed in an aqueous solution containing boric acid and potassium iodide.
- a metal compound such as zinc chloride or zinc iodide may be added to the aqueous solution.
- the temperature of the aqueous solution is preferably lower than the stretching temperature in order to prevent a decrease in polarization performance, specifically 20 to 50 ° C. is preferable, and 30 to 40 ° C. is more preferable. There is no particular limitation on the color adjustment time.
- the obtained polarizing film can be dried by various types of dryers using a batch method, a continuous float method, a continuous roll contact method, or the like.
- the drying temperature is preferably from 40 to 80 ° C., more preferably from 45 to 70 ° C., in order to prevent sublimation of iodine from the polarizing film and to suppress the elimination reaction of boric acid crosslinked with PVA. More preferably, it is ⁇ 60 ° C.
- the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples and the like, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
- the viscosity average polymerization degree P of PVA the degree of swelling of the PVA film, the retardation Re of the PVA film, the transmittance Y of the polarizing film, and the degree of polarization V were evaluated by the following methods.
- the evaporating dish heated for 1 hour with a dryer at 105 ° C. was cooled with a desiccator for 30 minutes, and the mass a (g) of the evaporating dish was measured.
- a 10 mL sample for measuring the degree of polymerization was transferred to this evaporating dish with a whole pipette, dried for 16 hours with a dryer at 105 ° C., cooled with a desiccator for 30 minutes, and the mass b (g) was measured.
- Example 1 A 5.5 mass% PVA aqueous solution containing 100 parts by mass of PVA having a polymerization degree of 5800 and a saponification degree of 99.8 mol% and 12 parts by mass of glycerin as a plasticizer was cast on a metal roll at 60 ° C. Partial drying was performed to obtain a PVA film having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m. After adjusting the film for 16 hours at 26 ° C. and 20% RH to adjust the moisture content to 3% by mass, both ends of the film in the width direction are parallel to the two sides of the metal frame so that the film does not shrink in the width direction. And heat-treated at 120 ° C. for 3 minutes. When the degree of swelling of the PVA film after heat treatment was measured by the method described in (2) above, it was 230%. Moreover, it was 29 nm when the retardation of the PVA film was measured by the method described in said (3).
- the PVA film is cut into a flow direction of 11 cm and a width direction of 10 cm, attached to a stretching jig having a flow direction of 4 cm between chucks, and immersed in pure water at 30 ° C. for 1 minute, followed by iodine.
- a dyeing solution temperature 30 ° C.
- a dyeing solution containing 0.03% by mass of potassium iodide and 3% by mass of potassium iodide
- this stretched film was immersed in a stretching solution (temperature 57.5 ° C.) containing 4% by mass of boric acid and 6% by mass of potassium iodide, and 2.3 at a rate of 0.13 m / min. After stretching twice, the stretching direction was fixed and dried at 50 ° C. for 4 minutes to obtain a polarizing film.
- a stretching solution temperature 57.5 ° C.
- boric acid 4% by mass of boric acid and 6% by mass of potassium iodide
- 2.3 a rate of 0.13 m / min.
- the stretching direction was fixed and dried at 50 ° C. for 4 minutes to obtain a polarizing film.
- the transmittance and polarization degree of this polarizing film were measured by the methods described in (4) and (5) above, they were 44.0% and 99.99%, respectively, and a polarizing film with good polarization performance was obtained. It was.
- Example 2 A 5.5 mass% PVA aqueous solution containing 100 parts by mass of PVA having a polymerization degree of 5800 and a saponification degree of 99.8 mol% and 12 parts by mass of glycerin as a plasticizer was cast on a metal roll at 60 ° C. Partial drying was performed to obtain a PVA film having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m. After adjusting the film for 16 hours at 26 ° C. and 20% RH to adjust the moisture content to 3% by mass, both ends of the film in the width direction are parallel to the two sides of the metal frame so that the film does not shrink in the width direction. And heat-treated at 115 ° C. for 3 minutes. When the degree of swelling of the PVA film after heat treatment was measured by the method described in (2) above, it was 240%. Moreover, it was 26 nm when the retardation of the PVA film was measured by the method described in said (3).
- Example 3 A 5.5% by mass PVA aqueous solution containing 100 parts by mass of PVA having a polymerization degree of 9100 and a saponification degree of 99.8 mol% and 12 parts by mass of glycerin as a plasticizer was cast on a metal roll at 60 ° C. Partial drying was performed to obtain a PVA film having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m. After adjusting the film for 16 hours at 26 ° C. and 20% RH to adjust the moisture content to 3% by mass, both ends of the film in the width direction are parallel to the two sides of the metal frame so that the film does not shrink in the width direction. And heat-treated at 110 ° C. for 3 minutes. When the degree of swelling of the PVA film after heat treatment was measured by the method described in (2) above, it was 230%. Moreover, it was 39 nm when the retardation of the PVA film was measured by the method described in said (3).
- iodine was adsorbed while stretching the above PVA film and stretched to obtain a polarizing film in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the stretching ratio was 2.5 times.
- the transmittance and degree of polarization of this polarizing film were measured by the methods described in (4) and (5) above, they were 44.0% and 99.95%, respectively, and polarizing films with good polarizing performance were obtained. It was.
- Example 4 A 5.5 mass% PVA aqueous solution containing 100 parts by mass of PVA having a polymerization degree of 5200 and a saponification degree of 99.8 mol% and 12 parts by mass of glycerin as a plasticizer was cast on a metal roll at 60 ° C. Partial drying was performed to obtain a PVA film having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m. After adjusting the film for 16 hours at 26 ° C. and 20% RH to adjust the moisture content to 3% by mass, both ends of the film in the width direction are parallel to the two sides of the metal frame so that the film does not shrink in the width direction. And heat-treated at 135 ° C. for 3 minutes. When the degree of swelling of the PVA film after heat treatment was measured by the method described in (2) above, it was 205%. Moreover, it was 29 nm when the retardation of the PVA film was measured by the method described in said (3).
- Example 3 iodine was adsorbed while stretching the PVA film, and further stretched to obtain a polarizing film.
- the transmittance and degree of polarization of this polarizing film were measured by the methods described in (4) and (5) above, they were 44.0% and 99.95%, respectively, and polarizing films with good polarizing performance were obtained. It was.
- Example 5 A 5.5 mass% PVA aqueous solution containing 100 parts by mass of PVA having a polymerization degree of 5500 and a saponification degree of 99.8 mol% and 12 parts by mass of glycerin as a plasticizer was cast on a metal roll at 60 ° C. Partial drying was performed to obtain a PVA film having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m. After adjusting the film for 16 hours at 26 ° C. and 20% RH to adjust the moisture content to 3% by mass, both ends of the film in the width direction are parallel to the two sides of the metal frame so that the film does not shrink in the width direction. And heat-treated at 130 ° C. for 3 minutes. When the degree of swelling of the PVA film after heat treatment was measured by the method described in (2) above, it was 215%. Moreover, it was 29 nm when the retardation of the PVA film was measured by the method described in said (3).
- iodine was adsorbed while stretching the above PVA film and stretched to obtain a polarizing film in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the stretching ratio was 2.7 times.
- the transmittance and degree of polarization of this polarizing film were measured by the methods described in (4) and (5) above, which were 44.0% and 99.92%, respectively, and the degree of polarization of the polarizing film was slightly insufficient. It was.
- Example 2 iodine was adsorbed while stretching the PVA film, and further stretched to obtain a polarizing film.
- the transmittance and degree of polarization of this polarizing film were measured by the methods described in (4) and (5) above, which were 44.0% and 99.92%, respectively, and the degree of polarization of the polarizing film was slightly insufficient. It was.
- Example 2 iodine was adsorbed while stretching the above PVA film, and the film was stretched in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the stretching ratio was 1.8 times to obtain a polarizing film.
- the transmittance and polarization degree of this polarizing film were measured by the methods described in the above (4) and (5), they were 44.0% and 99.20%, respectively, and the polarization degree of the polarizing film was slightly insufficient. It was. Then, when the target value of the draw ratio was changed from 1.8 times to 2.3 times in order to improve the degree of polarization, the drawing film was broken and a polarizing film could not be obtained.
- the polarizing film obtained from the PVA film of the present invention includes a calculator, a wristwatch, a notebook computer, a liquid crystal monitor, a liquid crystal color projector, a liquid crystal television, an in-vehicle navigation system, a mobile phone, a liquid crystal display device such as a measuring instrument used indoors and outdoors. It can be effectively used for the production of a polarizing plate which is a component.
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Abstract
Description
Y > -0.0667X+6.73 ・・・・(I)
X ≧ 65 ・・・・(II)
しかしながら、上記の発明に使用されるPVAの重合度は好ましくは3500~5000の範囲であり、該製造方法をそのまま高重合度PVAに適用しても、後述する比較例に示されるように、得られる偏光フィルムの偏光性能が充分でないことが判明した。すなわち、高重合度のPVAからなる偏光フィルムを工業的に製造するには、PVAの構造、PVAフィルムの物性等に関する知見を総動員して、最適な原料の条件を見出すことが必要であった。
本発明において用いられるPVAの重合度は、本発明の目的とする偏光フィルムの良好な偏光性能に対応するため、5100~10000であることが必要であり、5200~9500が好ましく、5400~9200がより好ましい。PVAの重合度が5100未満であると、偏光フィルムを製造したときに、高い偏光性能を発現することが困難となる。一方、PVAの重合度が10000を超えると、PVAの生産性が低下する。なお、本発明でいうPVAの重合度は、後述する実施例に記載の方法にしたがって測定した重合度(粘度平均重合度)を意味する。
PVA0.28g、蒸留水70g、および撹拌子を、100mL共通すり合わせ三角フラスコに投入した。95℃の恒温槽に、栓をした上記三角フラスコを浸漬し、撹拌子で撹拌しながらPVAを溶解し、0.4%PVA水溶液を作製した。このPVA水溶液をブフナー漏斗形ガラスろ過器3Gでろ過し、30℃の恒温水槽中で冷却して、重合度測定用サンプルとした。参照試料として、別の100mL共栓すり合わせ三角フラスコに蒸留水を70g入れて栓をし、30℃の恒温水槽に浸漬した。
c = 1000×(b-a)/10
ηr = t1/t0
[η] = 2.303×Log(ηr/c)
Log(P) = 1.613×Log([η]×104/8.29)
PVAフィルムを5cm×5cmに裁断し、30℃の蒸留水1Lに4時間浸漬した。このPVAフィルムを蒸留水中から取り出し、2枚のろ紙ではさんで表面の水滴を吸収させた後、質量Dを測定した。さらに、このPVAフィルムを105℃の乾燥機で16時間乾燥し、デシケーターで30分間冷却した後、質量Eを測定し、下記式によりPVAフィルムの膨潤度を算出した。
A = 100×D/E(%)
PVAフィルムの中央部から、幅方向5cm×流れ方向10cmの長方形のサンプルを採取し、大塚電子社製の光学材料検査装置RETS-1100を用いて、測定波長550nmにおけるレターデーションReを測定した。
偏光フィルムの幅方向の中央部から、延伸方向に4cm×幅方向に4cmの正方形のサンプルを2枚採取し、日立製作所製の分光光度計U-4100(積分球付属)を用いて、JIS Z 8722(物体色の測定方法)に準拠し、C光源、2°視野の可視光領域の視感度補正を行い、1枚の偏光フィルムサンプルについて、延伸軸方向に対して45°傾けた場合の光の透過率と-45°傾けた場合の光の透過率を測定して、それらの平均値Y1(%)を求めた。もう1枚の偏光フィルムサンプルについても同様にして、45°傾けた場合の光の透過度と-45°傾けた場合の光の透過度を測定して、それらの平均値Y2(%)を求めた。下記式によりY1とY2を平均し、偏光フィルムの透過率Y(%)とした。
Y = (Y1+Y2)/2
上記(4)で採取した2枚の偏光フィルムを、その延伸方向が平行になるように重ねた場合の光の透過率Y∥(%)、延伸方向が直交するように重ねた場合の光の透過率Y⊥(%)を、(4)に記載された透過率の場合と同様にして測定し、下記式により偏光度V(%)を求めた。
V = {(Y∥-Y⊥)/(Y∥+Y⊥)}1/2×100
重合度5800、ケン化度99.8モル%のPVA100質量部と、可塑剤としてグリセリン12質量部とを含有する5.5質量%PVA水溶液を、60℃の金属ロール上に流延し、60分乾燥して、厚み40μmのPVAフィルムを得た。このフィルムを26℃、20%RHで16時間調湿して含水率を3質量%に調整した後、フィルムが幅方向に収縮しないようにフィルムの幅方向の両端を金属枠の平行な二辺に固定して、120℃で3分間熱処理をした。熱処理後のPVAフィルムの膨潤度を上記(2)に記載した方法で測定したところ、230%であった。また、PVAフィルムのレターデーションを上記(3)に記載した方法で測定したところ、29nmであった。
重合度5800、ケン化度99.8モル%のPVA100質量部と、可塑剤としてグリセリン12質量部とを含有する5.5質量%PVA水溶液を、60℃の金属ロール上に流延し、60分乾燥して、厚み40μmのPVAフィルムを得た。このフィルムを26℃、20%RHで16時間調湿して含水率を3質量%に調整した後、フィルムが幅方向に収縮しないようにフィルムの幅方向の両端を金属枠の平行な二辺に固定して、115℃で3分間熱処理をした。熱処理後のPVAフィルムの膨潤度を上記(2)に記載した方法で測定したところ、240%であった。また、PVAフィルムのレターデーションを上記(3)に記載した方法で測定したところ、26nmであった。
重合度9100、ケン化度99.8モル%のPVA100質量部と、可塑剤としてグリセリン12質量部とを含有する5.5質量%PVA水溶液を、60℃の金属ロール上に流延し、60分乾燥して、厚み20μmのPVAフィルムを得た。このフィルムを26℃、20%RHで16時間調湿して含水率を3質量%に調整した後、フィルムが幅方向に収縮しないようにフィルムの幅方向の両端を金属枠の平行な二辺に固定して、110℃で3分間熱処理をした。熱処理後のPVAフィルムの膨潤度を上記(2)に記載した方法で測定したところ、230%であった。また、PVAフィルムのレターデーションを上記(3)に記載した方法で測定したところ、39nmであった。
重合度5200、ケン化度99.8モル%のPVA100質量部と、可塑剤としてグリセリン12質量部とを含有する5.5質量%PVA水溶液を、60℃の金属ロール上に流延し、60分乾燥して、厚み40μmのPVAフィルムを得た。このフィルムを26℃、20%RHで16時間調湿して含水率を3質量%に調整した後、フィルムが幅方向に収縮しないようにフィルムの幅方向の両端を金属枠の平行な二辺に固定して、135℃で3分間熱処理をした。熱処理後のPVAフィルムの膨潤度を上記(2)に記載した方法で測定したところ、205%であった。また、PVAフィルムのレターデーションを上記(3)に記載した方法で測定したところ、29nmであった。
重合度5500、ケン化度99.8モル%のPVA100質量部と、可塑剤としてグリセリン12質量部とを含有する5.5質量%PVA水溶液を、60℃の金属ロール上に流延し、60分乾燥して、厚み30μmのPVAフィルムを得た。このフィルムを26℃、20%RHで16時間調湿して含水率を3質量%に調整した後、フィルムが幅方向に収縮しないようにフィルムの幅方向の両端を金属枠の平行な二辺に固定して、130℃で3分間熱処理をした。熱処理後のPVAフィルムの膨潤度を上記(2)に記載した方法で測定したところ、215%であった。また、PVAフィルムのレターデーションを上記(3)に記載した方法で測定したところ、29nmであった。
重合度4800、ケン化度99.8モル%のPVA100質量部と、可塑剤としてグリセリン12質量部とを含有する6.5質量%PVA水溶液を、60℃の金属ロール上に流延し、60分乾燥して、厚み40μmのPVAフィルムを得た。このフィルムを26℃、20%RHで16時間調湿して含水率を3質量%に調整した後、フィルムが幅方向に収縮しないようにフィルムの幅方向の両端を金属枠の平行な二辺に固定して、120℃で3分間熱処理をした。熱処理後のPVAフィルムの膨潤度を上記(2)に記載した方法で測定したところ、220%であった。また、PVAフィルムのレターデーションを上記(3)に記載した方法で測定したところ、28nmであった。
重合度5800、ケン化度99.8モル%のPVA100質量部と、可塑剤としてグリセリン12質量部とを含有する5.5質量%PVA水溶液を、60℃の金属ロール上に流延し、60分乾燥して、厚み40μmのPVAフィルムを得た。このフィルムを26℃、20%RHで16時間調湿して含水率を3質量%に調整した後、フィルムが幅方向に収縮しないようにフィルムの幅方向の両端を金属枠の平行な二辺に固定して、140℃で3分間熱処理をした。熱処理後のPVAフィルムの膨潤度を上記(2)に記載した方法で測定したところ、195%であった。また、PVAフィルムのレターデーションを上記(3)に記載した方法で測定したところ、29nmであった。
重合度5800、ケン化度99.8モル%のPVA100質量部と、可塑剤としてグリセリン12質量部とを含有する5.5質量%PVA水溶液を、60℃の金属ロール上に流延し、60分乾燥して、厚み40μmのPVAフィルムを得た。このフィルムを26℃、20%RHで16時間調湿して含水率を3質量%に調整した後、フィルムが幅方向に収縮しないようにフィルムの幅方向の両端を金属枠の平行な二辺に固定して、110℃で3分間熱処理をした。熱処理後のPVAフィルムの膨潤度を上記(2)に記載した方法で測定したところ、250%であった。PVAフィルムのレターデーションを上記(3)に記載した方法で測定したところ、28nmであった。
重合度5800、ケン化度99.8モル%のPVA100質量部と、可塑剤としてグリセリン12質量部とを含有する5.5質量%PVA水溶液を、60℃の金属ロール上に流延し、60分乾燥して、厚み40μmのPVAフィルムを得た。このフィルムを26℃、20%RHで16時間調湿して含水率を3質量%に調整した後、金属枠の四方すべてに固定して、120℃で3分間熱処理をした。熱処理後のPVAフィルムの膨潤度を上記(2)に記載した方法で測定したところ、230%であった。また、PVAフィルムのレターデーションを上記(3)に記載した方法で測定したところ、5nmであった。
重合度5800、ケン化度99.8モル%のPVA100質量部と、可塑剤としてグリセリン12質量部とを含有する5.5質量%PVA水溶液を、60℃の金属ロール上に流延し、60分乾燥して、厚み40μmのPVAフィルムを得た。このフィルムを26℃、65%RHで16時間調湿して含水率を8質量%に調整した後、フィルムが幅方向に収縮しないようにフィルムの幅方向の両端を金属枠の平行な二辺に固定して、120℃で3分間熱処理をした。熱処理後のPVAフィルムの膨潤度を上記(2)に記載した方法で測定したところ、230%であった。また、PVAフィルムのレターデーションを上記(3)に記載した方法で測定したところ、70nmであった。
Claims (5)
- 重合度が5100~10000のポリビニルアルコールからなり、膨潤度が200~240%、幅方向の中央部のレターデーションが10~40nmであることを特徴とするポリビニルアルコールフィルム。
- 前記ポリビニルアルコールのケン化度が98モル%以上である、請求項1に記載のポリビニルアルコールフィルム。
- 厚みが10~120μmである、請求項1または2に記載のポリビニルアルコールフィルム。
- 重合度が5100~10000のポリビニルアルコールと水とを含有する製膜原液を原料として製膜する、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のポリビニルアルコールフィルムの製造方法。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のポリビニルアルコールフィルムを染色、延伸して得られる偏光フィルム。
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- 2009-12-14 CN CN200980151021.0A patent/CN102257044B/zh active Active
- 2009-12-14 JP JP2010509605A patent/JP5628025B2/ja active Active
- 2009-12-14 KR KR1020117016313A patent/KR101910668B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2009-12-14 CN CN201410262444.2A patent/CN103992606B/zh active Active
- 2009-12-14 KR KR1020167027669A patent/KR20160120356A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR101910668B1 (ko) | 2018-10-22 |
TWI468454B (zh) | 2015-01-11 |
CN103992606B (zh) | 2016-08-24 |
KR20110105803A (ko) | 2011-09-27 |
CN102257044B (zh) | 2015-12-02 |
CN103992606A (zh) | 2014-08-20 |
CN102257044A (zh) | 2011-11-23 |
KR20160120356A (ko) | 2016-10-17 |
JP5628025B2 (ja) | 2014-11-19 |
TW201033273A (en) | 2010-09-16 |
JPWO2010071094A1 (ja) | 2012-05-31 |
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