WO2010050200A1 - カメラシステム - Google Patents
カメラシステム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010050200A1 WO2010050200A1 PCT/JP2009/005698 JP2009005698W WO2010050200A1 WO 2010050200 A1 WO2010050200 A1 WO 2010050200A1 JP 2009005698 W JP2009005698 W JP 2009005698W WO 2010050200 A1 WO2010050200 A1 WO 2010050200A1
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- Prior art keywords
- speed
- focus lens
- lens
- image
- focus
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
- G02B7/04—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification
- G02B7/10—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification by relative axial movement of several lenses, e.g. of varifocal objective lens
- G02B7/102—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification by relative axial movement of several lenses, e.g. of varifocal objective lens controlled by a microcomputer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/67—Focus control based on electronic image sensor signals
- H04N23/673—Focus control based on electronic image sensor signals based on contrast or high frequency components of image signals, e.g. hill climbing method
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B13/00—Viewfinders; Focusing aids for cameras; Means for focusing for cameras; Autofocus systems for cameras
- G03B13/32—Means for focusing
- G03B13/34—Power focusing
- G03B13/36—Autofocus systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B17/00—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor
- G03B17/02—Bodies
- G03B17/12—Bodies with means for supporting objectives, supplementary lenses, filters, masks, or turrets
- G03B17/14—Bodies with means for supporting objectives, supplementary lenses, filters, masks, or turrets interchangeably
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B3/00—Focusing arrangements of general interest for cameras, projectors or printers
- G03B3/10—Power-operated focusing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/66—Remote control of cameras or camera parts, e.g. by remote control devices
- H04N23/663—Remote control of cameras or camera parts, e.g. by remote control devices for controlling interchangeable camera parts based on electronic image sensor signals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/667—Camera operation mode switching, e.g. between still and video, sport and normal or high- and low-resolution modes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N2101/00—Still video cameras
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a camera system comprising a camera body and an interchangeable lens, and more particularly to a camera system capable of contrast type autofocus control.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an automatic focusing camera capable of autofocus control. This automatic focus adjustment camera drives the motor at a low speed until the driving amount of the motor reaches a predetermined value set in advance.
- Patent Document 1 The autofocusing camera described in Patent Document 1 is premised on phase difference type autofocus control, and discloses a technique for increasing the accuracy while speeding up autofocus control in a camera that performs contrast type autofocus control. Not.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a camera system that performs contrast-based autofocus control at a relatively high speed and with high accuracy.
- a camera system including an interchangeable lens and a camera body
- the interchangeable lens includes a focus lens and a driving unit that drives the focus lens.
- the camera body captures a subject image, generates image data, image data generation means, detection means for detecting a contrast value of an image indicated by the image data generated by the image data generation means, and control for controlling the drive means
- Signal generation means for generating a signal
- transmission means for transmitting the control signal generated by the signal generation means to the interchangeable lens.
- the signal generation means drives the focus lens at a first speed until a predetermined time elapses after the detection means starts detecting the contrast value of the image in the autofocus control, and after the predetermined time elapses, A control signal for controlling the driving means is generated so as to drive the focus lens at a second speed higher than the speed.
- a camera body to which an interchangeable lens having a focus lens and a driving means for driving the focus lens can be attached.
- the camera body includes an image data generation unit that captures a subject image and generates image data, a first detection unit that detects a contrast value of an image indicated by the image data generated by the image data generation unit, and a drive unit.
- a signal generation unit configured to generate a control signal to be controlled; and a transmission unit configured to transmit the control signal generated by the signal generation unit to the interchangeable lens.
- the signal generation means drives the focus lens at a first speed until a predetermined time elapses after the first detection means starts detecting the contrast value of the image in the autofocus control, and the elapse of the predetermined time. After that, a control signal for controlling the driving means is generated so that the focus lens is driven at a second speed higher than the first speed.
- an autofocus control method for obtaining a focus position of a focus lens based on a contrast value of an image indicated by image data generated by an image pickup means.
- the control method detects the contrast value of the image indicated by the image data generated by the imaging means while driving the focus lens.
- the focus lens is driven at the first speed until a predetermined time has elapsed after the detection of the contrast value of the image, and after the predetermined time has elapsed, the speed is higher than the first speed.
- the focus lens is driven at a second speed.
- the present invention it is possible to perform contrast-type autofocus control at high speed and high accuracy by switching the driving speed of the focus lens at a high speed after a predetermined time has elapsed after the start of AF control.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a camera system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Flow chart for explaining imaging preparation operation Flow chart for explaining contrast AF operation Timing chart for explaining the contrast AF operation
- FIG. The figure for demonstrating the change of the drive speed of the focus lens at the time of contrast AF operation
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a camera system according to this embodiment.
- the camera system 1 includes a camera body 100 and an interchangeable lens 200.
- the camera system 1 can perform contrast-based autofocus control by detecting an AF evaluation value (evaluation value for autofocus operation, hereinafter using a contrast value) of image data captured by the CCD image sensor 110.
- an AF evaluation value evaluation value for autofocus operation, hereinafter using a contrast value
- a camera system capable of executing contrast-based autofocus control at a relatively high speed and with high accuracy will be described.
- the camera body 100 includes a CCD image sensor 110, a liquid crystal monitor 120, a camera controller 140, a body mount 150, a power source 160, and a card slot 170.
- the camera controller 140 controls the operation of the entire camera system 1 by controlling the operation of each part such as the CCD image sensor 110 in accordance with an instruction from the operation member such as the release button 130.
- the camera controller 140 transmits a vertical synchronization signal to the timing generator 112.
- the DRAM 143 is used as a work memory during the control operation and image processing operation by the camera controller 140.
- the flash memory 142 stores programs and parameters used when the camera controller 140 is controlled.
- the CCD image sensor 110 generates an image signal from an optical signal including a subject image incident through the interchangeable lens 200.
- the generated image signal is converted into a digital signal, that is, image data by the AD converter 111.
- Various image processing is performed by the camera controller 140 on the image data generated by the AD converter 111.
- Various image processing includes, for example, image compression processing such as gamma correction processing, white balance correction processing, scratch correction processing, YC conversion processing, electronic zoom processing, and JPEG compression processing.
- the CCD image sensor 110 operates at a timing controlled by the timing generator 112.
- the operation of the CCD image sensor 110 includes a still image capturing operation, a moving image capturing operation, a through image capturing operation, and the like.
- the through image is an image that is captured by the CCD image sensor 110 and then displayed on the liquid crystal monitor 120 in real time, but is not recorded on the memory card 171.
- the through image is mainly a moving image, and is displayed on the liquid crystal monitor 120 in order for the user to determine a composition when capturing a still image.
- Such a function of displaying a through image, which is a moving image (continuous image) displayed in real time, on the liquid crystal monitor 120 is referred to as a live view function.
- the liquid crystal monitor 120 displays an image indicated by the display image data processed by the camera controller 140.
- the liquid crystal monitor 120 can selectively display moving images and still images.
- a memory card 171 can be inserted into the card slot 170, and data is written to and read from the memory card 171 based on control from the camera controller 140.
- the memory card 171 can store image data generated by image processing of the camera controller 140.
- the memory card 171 can store a JPEG image file.
- the image data or image file stored in the memory card 171 can be read from the memory card 171.
- the image data or image file read from the memory card 171 is subjected to image processing by the camera controller 140.
- the camera controller 140 decompresses the image data or image file acquired from the memory card 171 and generates display image data.
- the power source 160 supplies power for consumption by the camera system 1.
- the power source 160 may be, for example, a dry battery, a rechargeable battery, or one that supplies power supplied from the outside by a power cord to the camera system 1.
- the body mount 150 can be mechanically and electrically connected to the lens mount 250 of the interchangeable lens 200.
- the body mount 150 can send and receive commands and data to and from the interchangeable lens 200 via the lens mount 250.
- the body mount 150 transmits various control signals received from the camera controller 140 to the lens controller 240 via the lens mount 250. Further, the body mount 150 supplies the power received from the power supply 160 to the entire interchangeable lens 200 via the lens mount 250.
- the interchangeable lens 200 includes an optical system, a lens controller 240, and a lens mount 250.
- the optical system includes a zoom lens 210, an OIS lens 220, a diaphragm 260, and a focus lens 230.
- the zoom lens 210 is a lens for changing the magnification of a subject image formed by the optical system of the interchangeable lens 200.
- the zoom lens 210 is composed of one or a plurality of lenses.
- the drive mechanism 211 includes a zoom ring or the like that can be operated by the user, and moves the zoom lens 210 along the optical axis direction of the optical system in accordance with a rotation operation by the user.
- the detector 212 detects the drive amount in the drive mechanism 211.
- the lens controller 240 can grasp the zoom magnification in the optical system by acquiring the detection result in the detector 212.
- the OIS lens 220 is a lens for correcting blurring of a subject image formed by the optical system of the interchangeable lens 200.
- the OIS lens 220 moves in a direction that cancels out the blur of the camera system 1, thereby reducing the blur of the subject image on the CCD image sensor 110.
- the OIS lens 220 is composed of one or a plurality of lenses.
- the actuator 221 drives the OIS lens 220 in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the optical system based on the control from the OIS IC 223.
- the actuator 221 can be realized by a magnet and a flat coil, for example.
- the position detection sensor 222 is a sensor that detects the position of the OIS lens 220 in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the optical system.
- the position detection sensor 222 can be realized by a magnet and a Hall element, for example.
- the OIS IC 223 obtains a detection result of a shake detector (not shown) such as a gyro sensor from the lens controller 240.
- the OIS IC 223 controls the actuator 221 based on the detection result of the position detection sensor 222 and the detection result of the shake detector.
- the OIS IC 223 transmits a signal indicating the state of the optical image blur correction process to the lens controller 240.
- the diaphragm 260 is a member for adjusting the amount of light passing through the optical system.
- the diaphragm 260 includes, for example, a plurality of diaphragm blades, and the amount of light can be adjusted by opening and closing an opening formed by the blades.
- the diaphragm motor 261 is a driving unit for opening and closing the opening of the diaphragm 260.
- the focus lens 230 is a lens for changing the focus state of the subject image formed on the CCD image sensor 110 by the optical system.
- the focus lens 230 is composed of one or a plurality of lenses.
- the focus motor 233 drives the focus lens 230 based on the control of the lens controller 240, and moves the focus lens 230 forward and backward along the optical axis of the optical system. Thereby, the focus state of the subject image formed on the CCD image sensor 110 by the optical system can be changed.
- the focus motor 233 is a stepping motor.
- the focus motor 233 is not limited to this, and can be realized by, for example, a servo motor or an ultrasonic motor.
- the lens controller 240 controls the operations of the OIS IC 223 and the focus motor 233 based on the control signal from the camera controller 140, thereby controlling the entire operation of the interchangeable lens 200. Further, the lens controller 240 receives signals from the detector 212, the OIS IC 223, and the like, and transmits them to the camera controller 140. The lens controller 240 performs the transmission / reception with the camera controller 140 via the lens mount 250 and the body mount 150.
- the lens controller 240 uses the SRAM 241 as a work memory at the time of control.
- the flash memory 242 stores programs and parameters used when the lens controller 240 is controlled.
- the interchangeable lens 200 is an example of an interchangeable lens.
- the focus motor 233 is an example of a driving unit.
- the CCD image sensor 110 is an example of image data generating means.
- the camera controller 140 is an example of a detection unit and a signal generation unit.
- the body mount 150 is an example of a transmission unit.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating signal transmission / reception for explaining the imaging preparation operation of the camera system 1.
- the power supply 160 supplies power to the interchangeable lens 200 via the body mount 150 and the lens mount 250 ( S11).
- the camera controller 140 requests authentication information of the interchangeable lens 200 from the lens controller 240 (S12).
- the authentication information of the interchangeable lens 200 includes information regarding whether or not the interchangeable lens 200 is mounted and information regarding whether or not an accessory is mounted.
- the lens controller 240 responds to the lens authentication request from the camera controller 140 (S13).
- the camera controller 140 requests the lens controller 240 to perform an initialization operation (S14).
- the lens controller 240 performs initialization operations such as resetting the aperture and resetting the OIS lens 220. Thereafter, the lens controller 240 returns to the camera controller 140 that the lens initialization operation has been completed (S15).
- the camera controller 140 requests lens data from the lens controller 240 (S16).
- the lens data is stored in the flash memory 242.
- the lens controller 240 reads the lens data from the flash memory 242 and sends it back to the camera controller 140 (S17).
- the lens data is characteristic values unique to the interchangeable lens 200 such as a lens name, an F number, and a focal length.
- the camera controller 140 grasps the lens data of the interchangeable lens 200 mounted on the camera body 100, the camera controller 140 is ready for imaging.
- the camera controller 140 periodically requests lens state data indicating the state of the interchangeable lens 200 from the lens controller 240 (S18).
- the lens state data includes, for example, zoom magnification information by the zoom lens 210, position information of the focus lens 230, aperture value information, and the like.
- the lens controller 240 returns the requested lens state data to the camera controller 140 (S19).
- the camera system 1 can operate in a control mode in which an image indicated by image data generated by the CCD image sensor 110 is displayed on the liquid crystal monitor 120 as a through image.
- This control mode is called “live view mode”.
- the live view mode the through image is displayed as a moving image on the liquid crystal monitor 120, so that the user can determine the composition for capturing a still image while viewing the liquid crystal monitor 120.
- the user can select whether to use the live view mode.
- a control mode that can be selected by the user includes a control mode in which an image generated based on image data generated by the CCD image sensor 110 is displayed on an electronic viewfinder (not shown).
- a contrast method is suitable as a method of autofocus operation in the live view mode. This is because in the live view mode, the image data is constantly generated by the CCD image sensor 110, so that it is easy to perform a contrast autofocus operation using the image data.
- the camera controller 140 requests contrast AF data from the lens controller 240 (S20).
- the contrast AF data is data necessary for the contrast autofocus operation, and includes at least one of focus drive speed, focus shift amount, image magnification, and contrast AF enable / disable information, for example.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the autofocus operation.
- FIG. 4 is a timing chart for the autofocus operation.
- the camera controller 140 is operating in the live view mode. In this state, the camera controller 140 periodically generates a vertical synchronization signal (CCDVD) as shown in FIG. 4A. In parallel with this, the camera controller 140 generates an exposure synchronization signal as shown in FIG. 4C based on the vertical synchronization signal. Since the camera controller 140 knows in advance the exposure start timing and the exposure end timing with reference to the vertical synchronization signal (CCDVD), it can generate an exposure synchronization signal. The camera controller 140 outputs a vertical synchronization signal to the timing generator 112 and outputs an exposure synchronization signal to the lens controller 240. The lens controller 240 acquires position information of the focus lens 230 in synchronization with the exposure synchronization signal. Details of this operation will be described later.
- CDVD vertical synchronization signal
- the timing generator 112 periodically generates a readout signal of the CCD image sensor 110 and an electronic shutter drive signal (see FIG. 4B) based on the vertical synchronization signal.
- the timing generator 112 drives the CCD image sensor 110 based on the read signal and the electronic shutter drive signal.
- the CCD image sensor 110 reads out pixel data generated by a large number of photoelectric conversion elements (not shown) in the CCD image sensor 110 to a vertical transfer unit (not shown) in response to the read signal.
- the read signal and the vertical synchronization signal match, but this is not essential. That is, the vertical synchronization signal and the readout signal may be shifted. In short, it is only necessary that the vertical synchronization signal and the readout signal are synchronized.
- the CCD image sensor 110 performs an electronic shutter operation in accordance with the electronic shutter drive signal. Thereby, the CCD image sensor 110 can sweep out unnecessary charges to the outside.
- the electronic shutter drive signal includes a group of a plurality of signals that are periodically transmitted within a short time. For example, 10 signals are transmitted as a group.
- the CCD image sensor 110 performs one electronic shutter operation on one signal while a group of electronic shutter drive signals are transmitted. If the number of signals included in the group of electronic shutter drive signals is increased, the charge accumulated in the CCD image sensor 110 can be surely swept out, but the driving method of the CCD image sensor 110 becomes complicated.
- the CCD image sensor 110 sweeps out the electric charge by the electronic shutter drive signal and reads the pixel data to the vertical transfer unit (not shown) by the read signal, so that the last signal from the group of electronic shutter drive signals to the vertical synchronization signal is read. During the period, the exposure operation is performed for the image data for the through image.
- the camera controller 140 monitors whether or not the release button 130 is half-pressed (S101). In FIG. 4, it is assumed that the release button 130 is half-pressed at time t1. Then, the camera controller 140 transmits an AF start command to the lens controller 240 as shown in FIG. 4D.
- the AF start command is a command for instructing the start of a contrast type autofocus operation.
- the camera controller 140 transmits a hill climbing start point movement command to the lens controller 240 at time t2.
- the hill-climbing start point movement command is used to move the focus lens 230 to which position when starting the contrast-type autofocus operation, and in which direction the focus lens 230 is moved during detection of the AF evaluation value (contrast value). Is a command for instructing.
- the lens controller 240 controls the focus motor 233.
- the focus motor 233 moves the focus lens 230 to the position indicated by the hill-climbing start point movement command under the control of the lens controller 240 (S102).
- the camera controller 140 transmits a hill climbing start command to the lens controller 240 at time t3 (S103).
- the lens controller 240 drives the focus motor 233 according to the control shown in FIG. 4E in response to an instruction from the camera controller 140.
- the mountain climbing start command instructs the interchangeable lens 200 regarding the driving speed of the focus lens 230.
- the hill climbing start command instructs the interchangeable lens 200 to drive the focus lens 230 at a speed of 1.
- the speed 1 is a speed that is slower than the speed for searching for the peak of the normal AF evaluation value (contrast value). This is because the focus lens 230 may be in the vicinity of the in-focus position at the in-focus start stage.
- the focus lens 230 when the focus lens 230 is in the vicinity of the focus position at the start of the focus operation, if the focus lens 230 is driven at a high speed, the focus lens 230 may be significantly separated from the focus position. There is. In that case, after passing through the in-focus position, it is necessary to detect the peak by driving the focus lens 230 at a low speed in the reverse direction. As a result, it takes a long time to search for the in-focus position. In this case, in the live view mode, an out-of-focus image captured by the CCD image sensor 110 is displayed on the liquid crystal monitor 120, and the image quality is degraded.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining a change in driving speed of the focus lens 230 in the present embodiment.
- the focus lens 230 when contrast-type autofocus control is started, the focus lens 230 first starts searching for the peak of the AF evaluation value (contrast value) at a speed of 1. If the AF evaluation value (contrast value) peak cannot be detected after a predetermined time has elapsed after the start, the speed of the focus lens 230 is changed from speed 1 to higher speed 2, and the AF evaluation value Continue searching for (contrast value) peaks.
- the speed of the focus lens 230 is changed from the speed 2 to the slower speed 3, and the AF evaluation value (contrast value) peak is detected again.
- the speed 3 only needs to be at least a speed lower than the speed 2, and may be the same as or different from the speed 1.
- the peak of the AF evaluation value (contrast value) that is, the in-focus position can be searched with higher accuracy.
- the focus lens 230 is moved to the in-focus position at the fastest speed (speed 4).
- the camera controller 140 continues to transmit an exposure synchronization signal to the lens controller 240 at a predetermined cycle as shown in FIG. 4C even after sending a hill climbing start command (S104).
- the lens controller 240 sequentially stores in the SRAM 241 the number of pulses of the counter 243 when the exposure synchronization signal is switched from OFF to ON and the number of pulses of the counter 243 when the exposure synchronization signal is switched from ON to OFF. (S104).
- the CCD image sensor 110 transmits image data that is exposed during the exposure period and generated to the camera controller 140 via the AD converter 111.
- the camera controller 140 calculates an AF evaluation value (contrast value) based on the received image data (S104). Specifically, a luminance signal is obtained from the image data generated by the CCD image sensor 110, and high frequency components in the screen of the luminance signal are integrated to obtain an AF evaluation value (contrast value).
- the calculated AF evaluation value (contrast value) is stored in the SRAM 141 in a state associated with the exposure synchronization signal.
- the camera controller 140 sends a position information request command for requesting the lens position information stored in the SRAM 241 to the lens controller 240.
- Make a call (S105).
- the lens controller 240 transmits the position information of the focus lens 230 to the camera controller 140 (S106).
- the camera controller 140 transmits a position information request command (see FIG. 4J). Accordingly, the lens controller 240 transmits two pieces of lens position information stored in the SRAM 241 in response to the acquisition of the position information request command from the camera controller 140.
- the camera controller 140 associates the AF evaluation value (contrast value) stored in the SRAM 141 with the acquired position information (S107).
- the associated information is stored in the SRAM 141.
- the AF evaluation value (contrast value) and the position information of the focus lens are associated with each other with the exposure synchronization signal. Therefore, the camera controller 140 can store the AF evaluation value (contrast value) in association with the lens position information.
- the AF evaluation value (contrast value) calculated using the image data exposed in the period a in FIG. 4C is the average of the position of the focus lens 230 at time t4 and the position of the focus lens 230 at time t5. Stored in association with the value.
- the AF evaluation value (contrast value) is stored in the SRAM 141 at time t6 as shown in FIG. 4K.
- the camera controller 140 determines whether or not the in-focus position of the focus lens 230 has been extracted (S108). Specifically, the position of the focus lens 230 where the AF evaluation value (contrast value) is a maximum value is extracted as the focus position.
- the camera controller 140 determines whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed since the hill-climbing start command was transmitted to the interchangeable lens 200 (S110). If it is determined that the predetermined time has elapsed, the camera controller 140 transmits a hill-climbing start command for increasing the drive speed of the focus lens 230 to the interchangeable lens 200 (S111, time t7). Upon receiving this command, the lens controller 240 controls the focus motor 233 to drive the focus lens 230 at a speed 2 that is higher than the speed 1 (S111).
- the focus motor 233 drives the focus lens 230 at a relatively low speed 1.
- the peak position often exists at a position away from the position of the focus lens 230 at the start of AF. .
- the peak of the AF evaluation value (contrast value) is searched at a low speed, as a result, it takes a long time to detect the peak of the AF evaluation value (contrast value).
- the driving speed of the focus lens 230 is increased from the speed 1 to the higher speed 2. Change to This shortens the time required to detect the peak of the AF evaluation value (contrast value).
- the camera controller 140 transmits a hill-climbing start command for reducing the drive speed of the focus lens 230 to the lens controller 240 (time). t8, S109).
- the hill-climbing start command drives the focus lens 230 in a direction opposite to the direction that has been driven so far, and changes the speed at which the focus lens 230 has been driven. That is, the speed 1 or the speed 2 is changed to the speed 3 (see FIG. 5).
- the camera controller 140 transmits an in-focus position movement command to the lens controller 240 (time t9, S112).
- the focus position movement command is a command indicating from which direction to which position the focus lens 230 is moved.
- the in-focus position movement command also instructs the moving speed of the focus lens 230 to the in-focus position.
- the focus lens 230 drives the focus lens 230 to the in-focus position at a speed of 4.
- Speed 4 is the fastest speed at which the focus lens can be driven.
- the camera controller 140 transmits an AF completion command to the lens controller 240 (time t10).
- the autofocus operation is completed by the contrast method.
- the camera system 1 searches the peak of the AF evaluation value (contrast value) by changing the focus lens drive speed to a higher speed when a predetermined time has elapsed after the start of the AF operation. It was decided to. Thereby, the peak of the AF evaluation value (contrast value) can be detected at high speed, and the focus lens 230 can be accurately moved to the detected in-focus position.
- a camera system 1 is a camera system 1 including an interchangeable lens 200 and a camera body 100.
- the interchangeable lens 200 includes a focus lens 230 and a focus motor 233 that drives the focus lens.
- the camera body 100 includes a CCD image sensor 110 that captures a subject image and generates image data, a camera controller 140 that detects a contrast value of an image indicated by the image data generated by the CCD image sensor 110, and a focus motor 233.
- a camera controller 140 that generates a control signal for control and a body mount 150 that transmits the control signal generated by the camera controller 140 to the interchangeable lens 200 are provided.
- the camera controller 140 drives the focus lens 230 at a first speed until a predetermined time elapses after the detection of the contrast value of the image, and after the predetermined time elapses, the camera controller 140 drives the first speed.
- a control signal for controlling the focus motor 233 is generated so as to drive the focus lens 230 at a higher second speed.
- the camera system 1 of the present embodiment can detect the peak of the AF evaluation value (contrast value) at high speed and can move the focus lens to the detected in-focus position with high accuracy.
- Embodiment 2 A camera system 1 according to the second embodiment will be described. Note that a description of the same or corresponding configuration and operation as those of the camera system 1 of the first embodiment is omitted.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a change in the driving speed of the focus lens 230 in the camera system 1 of the present embodiment.
- the camera system 1 first starts driving the focus lens 230 at a speed of 1 when performing contrast autofocus control. Thereafter, when the peak value of the AF evaluation value (contrast value) is not detected even after a predetermined time has elapsed, the camera system 1 changes the driving speed of the focus lens 230 from speed 1 to speed 1 as in the case of the first embodiment. Change to speed 2 which is faster.
- the camera system 1 continuously detects the AF evaluation value (contrast value), and determines the degree of increase (change rate) of the AF evaluation value (contrast value). Detect continuously. As a result of this detection, when it is determined that the position of the focus lens 230 has approached the position where the peak of the AF evaluation value (contrast value) is given, that is, the focus position, the camera system 1 changes the drive speed of the focus lens 230 from speed 2 to speed 2. Change to a slower speed 3. Thereby, the peak of the actual AF evaluation value (contrast value), that is, the in-focus position can be detected with higher accuracy.
- the camera system 1 reverses the drive direction of the focus lens 230 and moves the focus lens 230 at the in-focus position at speed 4 that is the maximum drive speed. Move to.
- the degree of increase (change rate or inflection point) of the AF evaluation value (contrast value) reaches a value within a predetermined range, a position that gives the position of the focus lens 230 and the peak of the AF evaluation value (contrast value), that is, It can be determined that the distance from the in-focus position is within a predetermined distance.
- the camera system 1 reduces the drive speed of the focus lens 230 when it is determined that the focus lens 230 has approached the in-focus position when performing contrast-type autofocus control.
- this control in order to improve the detection accuracy, it is possible to eliminate the step of searching again for the focus position of the focus lens 230 at a low speed after the focus lens 230 once passes the focus position and then turning back again. , The number of inversions of the driving direction of the focus lens 230 can be reduced. As a result, the speed of contrast-type autofocus control can be improved.
- the drive control for the focus lens 230 shown in the present embodiment may be combined with the drive control shown in the first embodiment. That is, in the present embodiment, when it is difficult to detect that the peak position, that is, the in-focus position is approaching, drive control may be performed on the focus lens 230 shown in the first embodiment.
- the drive speed is changed from speed 1 to speed 2 only once when a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of detection of the AF evaluation value (contrast value).
- the number of times of speed switching is not limited to one time, and may be a plurality of times.
- AF is considered regardless of whether the elapsed time since the speed is changed to 2 or the rate of change of the AF evaluation value (contrast value) is considered.
- the driving speed may be changed to a higher speed.
- the rate of change in driving speed may be varied.
- the rate of change in the driving speed (acceleration / deceleration) in the case of moving image imaging be smaller than the degree of change in the driving speed in the case of still image imaging.
- the driving speed level of the focus lens 230 is set to a plurality of stages (six stages) in the interchangeable lens 200 as described below, the driving speed is switched by two stages (for example, level 0 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 4), at the time of moving image capturing, the driving speed is switched step by step (for example, level 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3).
- the degree of change in the driving speed in the case of moving image capturing it is possible to prevent the change in image quality due to the change in the driving speed of the focus lens 230 from being seen by the user as much as possible.
- the driving speed change (controllable) range is set to, for example, only 0 to 3 levels in consideration of driving sound, while for still image shooting, the driving speed change range is set to 0. It may be set to the entire range of up to 5 levels.
- the above example discloses the concept of the following camera system.
- the camera system includes an interchangeable lens 200 and a camera body 100.
- the interchangeable lens 200 includes a focus lens 230 and a focus motor 230 that drives the focus lens 230.
- the camera body 100 captures a subject image, A CCD image sensor 110 that generates image data, a camera controller 140 that detects a contrast value of an image indicated by the image data generated by the CCD image sensor 110, and a camera controller that generates a control signal for controlling the focus motor 230 140 and a body mount 150 that transmits a control signal to the interchangeable lens 200.
- the camera controller 140 changes the driving speed of the focus lens 230 based on a predetermined condition in the autofocus control.
- the camera controller 140 changes the method of changing the drive speed of the focus lens 230 in autofocus control between moving image capturing and still image capturing.
- the predetermined condition is, for example, the elapsed time from the start of detection of the contrast value of the image data, or the presence or absence of detection of the peak of the contrast value of the image data.
- the remaining focus lens 230 may be switched in consideration of the moving distance. That is, even when the predetermined time has elapsed, if the remaining movement distance is less than the predetermined value, the drive speed may not be changed. Thereby, with respect to the remaining distance, the peak of the AF evaluation value (contrast value) and the like can be detected accurately at a low speed.
- the rate of change in driving speed may be changed according to the remaining moving distance. For example, as the remaining moving distance is longer, the degree of increase in the driving speed may be increased. Thereby, the time required for the AF operation when the moving distance of the focus lens is long can be shortened.
- the focus is based on the rate of change of the AF evaluation value (contrast value).
- the driving speed of the lens 230 may be changed. For example, even after a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of peak detection of the AF evaluation value (contrast value), if the rate of change of the AF evaluation value (contrast value) is large, the drive speed may not be increased. .
- the drive speed of the focus motor 230 may be decreased. This is because it is considered that the peak of the AF evaluation value (contrast value) is approaching when the rate of change of the AF evaluation value (contrast value) is large.
- a camera body that does not include a movable mirror is illustrated, but the camera body may include a movable mirror or a prism for dividing a subject image.
- the structure provided with a movable mirror not in a camera body but in an adapter may be sufficient.
- the CCD image sensor is exemplified as the image sensor, but the image sensor is not limited to this.
- the image sensor may be, for example, a CMOS image sensor or an NMOS image sensor.
- the present invention is useful for an imaging apparatus such as a digital still camera or a digital video camera capable of contrast-type autofocus control.
Abstract
Description
1-1.構成
図1に、本実施形態のカメラシステムのブロック図を示す。カメラシステム1は、カメラボディ100と交換レンズ200とを備える。カメラシステム1は、CCDイメージセンサ110により撮像した画像データのAF評価値(オートフォーカス動作用の評価値、以下ではコントラスト値を使用)を検知することによりコントラスト方式のオートフォーカス制御を行うことができる。以下では、コントラスト方式のオートフォーカス制御を比較的高速でかつ高精度に実行可能なカメラシステムを説明する。
カメラボディ100は、CCDイメージセンサ110と、液晶モニタ120と、カメラコントローラ140と、ボディマウント150と、電源160と、カードスロット170とを備える。
交換レンズ200は、光学系と、レンズコントローラ240と、レンズマウント250とを備える。光学系は、ズームレンズ210、OISレンズ220、絞り260、及びフォーカスレンズ230を含む。
交換レンズ200は交換レンズの一例である。フォーカスモータ233は駆動手段の一例である。CCDイメージセンサ110は画像データ生成手段の一例である。カメラコントローラ140は検出手段、信号生成手段の一例である。ボディマウント150は送信手段の一例である。
1-2-1.撮像準備動作
まず、撮像準備のためのカメラシステム1の動作を説明する。図2は、カメラシステム1の撮像準備動作を説明するための信号送受信を示す図である。
撮像準備が完了したカメラシステム1におけるオートフォーカス動作について、図3、図4を用いて説明する。ここでは、コントラスト方式のオートフォーカス動作について説明する。図3は、オートフォーカス動作を説明するためのフローチャートである。図4は、オートフォーカス動作の際のタイミングチャートである。
本実施の形態のカメラシステム1は、交換レンズ200とカメラボディ100とを含むカメラシステム1である。交換レンズ200は、フォーカスレンズ230と、フォーカスレンズを駆動するフォーカスモータ233とを備える。カメラボディ100は、被写体像を撮像し、画像データを生成するCCDイメージセンサ110と、CCDイメージセンサ110により生成された画像データが示す画像のコントラスト値を検出するカメラコントローラ140と、フォーカスモータ233を制御するための制御信号を生成するカメラコントローラ140と、カメラコントローラ140により生成された制御信号を交換レンズ200に送信するボディマウント150とを備える。カメラコントローラ140は、オートフォーカス制御において、画像のコントラスト値の検出を開始してから所定時間が経過するまでは第1の速度でフォーカスレンズ230を駆動し、所定時間の経過後は第1の速度よりも高速な第2の速度でフォーカスレンズ230を駆動するようにフォーカスモータ233駆を制御するための制御信号を生成する。
実施の形態2のカメラシステム1について説明する。なお、実施の形態1のカメラシステム1と同一または対応する構成、動作については説明を省略する。
以上により、本発明の実施の形態として実施の形態1、2を説明した。しかし、本発明の実施形態はこれらには限定されない。他の実施の形態を以下に説明する。
110 CCDイメージセンサ
111 ADコンバータ
112 タイミング発生器
120 液晶モニタ
130 レリーズ釦
140 カメラコントローラ
141 SRAM
142 フラッシュメモリ
143 DRAM
150 ボディマウント
160 電源
170 カードスロット
171 メモリーカード
200 交換レンズ
210 ズームレンズ
211 駆動機構
212 検出器
220 OISレンズ
221 アクチュエータ
222 位置検出センサ
223 OIS用IC
230 フォーカスレンズ
233 フォーカスモータ
240 レンズコントローラ
241 SRAM
242 フラッシュメモリ
243 カウンタ
250 レンズマウント
260 絞り
261 絞りモータ
Claims (9)
- 交換レンズとカメラボディとを含むカメラシステムであって、
前記交換レンズは、
フォーカスレンズと、
前記フォーカスレンズを駆動する駆動手段と、を備え、
前記カメラボディは、
被写体像を撮像し、画像データを生成する画像データ生成手段と、
前記画像データ生成手段により生成された画像データが示す画像のコントラスト値を検出する第1の検出手段と、
前記駆動手段を制御する制御信号を生成する信号生成手段と、
前記信号生成手段により生成された制御信号を前記交換レンズに送信する送信手段と、を備え、
前記信号生成手段は、オートフォーカス制御において、
前記第1の検出手段が画像のコントラスト値の検出を開始してから所定時間が経過するまでは第1の速度で前記フォーカスレンズを駆動し、前記所定時間の経過後は前記第1の速度よりも高速な第2の速度で前記フォーカスレンズを駆動するように、前記駆動手段を制御するための制御信号を生成する、
カメラシステム。 - 前記フォーカスレンズが合焦位置に接近したことを検出する第2の検出手段をさらに備え、
前記信号生成手段は、前記第2の検出手段が、前記フォーカスレンズが合焦位置に接近したことを検出した後は、前記第2の速度よりも低速である第3の速度で前記フォーカスレンズを駆動するように前記駆動手段を制御するための制御信号を生成する、
請求項1記載のカメラシステム。 - 前記信号生成手段は、
前記第1の検出手段が画像のコントラスト値のピークを検出した後は、前記第2の速度よりも低速である第3の速度で前記フォーカスレンズを駆動するように前記駆動手段を制御するための制御信号を生成する、
請求項1記載のカメラシステム。 - 前記信号生成手段は、動画撮像時と静止画撮像時とにおいて、オートフォーカス制御における前記フォーカスレンズの駆動速度の変化の方法を異ならせる、
請求項1記載のカメラシステム。 - フォーカスレンズと前記フォーカスレンズを駆動する駆動手段とを備えた交換レンズが装着可能なカメラボディであって、
被写体像を撮像し、画像データを生成する画像データ生成手段と、
前記画像データ生成手段により生成された画像データが示す画像のコントラスト値を検出する第1の検出手段と、
前記駆動手段を制御する制御信号を生成する信号生成手段と、
前記信号生成手段により生成された制御信号を前記交換レンズに送信する送信手段と、を備え、
前記信号生成手段は、オートフォーカス制御において、
前記第1の検出手段が画像のコントラスト値の検出を開始してから所定時間が経過するまでは第1の速度で前記フォーカスレンズを駆動し、前記所定時間の経過後は前記第1の速度よりも高速な第2の速度で前記フォーカスレンズを駆動するように、前記駆動手段を制御するための制御信号を生成する、
カメラボディ。 - 前記フォーカスレンズが合焦位置に接近したことを検出する第2の検出手段をさらに備え、
前記信号生成手段は、前記第2の検出手段が、前記フォーカスレンズが合焦位置に接近したことを検出した後は、前記第2の速度よりも低速である第3の速度で前記フォーカスレンズを駆動するように前記駆動手段を制御するための制御信号を生成する、
請求項5記載のカメラボディ。 - 前記信号生成手段は、
前記第1の検出手段が画像のコントラスト値のピークを検出した後は、前記第2の速度よりも低速である第3の速度で前記フォーカスレンズを駆動するように前記駆動手段を制御するための制御信号を生成する、
請求項5記載のカメラボディ。 - 前記信号生成手段は、動画撮像時と静止画撮像時とにおいて、オートフォーカス制御における前記フォーカスレンズの駆動速度の変化の方法を異ならせる、
請求項5記載のカメラボディ。 - 撮像手段により生成された画像データが示す画像のコントラスト値に基づきフォーカスレンズの合焦位置を求めるオートフォーカス制御方法であって、
フォーカスレンズを駆動しながら、撮像手段により生成された画像データが示す画像のコントラスト値を検出し、
前記フォーカスレンズの駆動について、画像のコントラスト値の検出を開始してから所定時間が経過するまでは第1の速度で前記フォーカスレンズを駆動し、前記所定時間の経過後は前記第1の速度よりも高速な第2の速度で前記フォーカスレンズを駆動する、
オートフォーカス制御方法。
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JP2019003199A (ja) * | 2011-11-11 | 2019-01-10 | 株式会社ニコン | 交換レンズおよびカメラボディ |
JP2014228592A (ja) * | 2013-05-20 | 2014-12-08 | キヤノン株式会社 | 撮像装置、撮像システム、撮像装置の制御方法、プログラム、および、記憶媒体 |
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JP2016040622A (ja) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-03-24 | リコーイメージング株式会社 | 撮像装置 |
JP2017054127A (ja) * | 2016-10-06 | 2017-03-16 | 株式会社ニコン | 焦点調節装置 |
JP2018200482A (ja) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-20 | 株式会社ニコン | 交換レンズ |
JP2021047451A (ja) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-25 | 株式会社ニコン | 撮像装置およびレンズ鏡筒 |
JP7188428B2 (ja) | 2020-12-09 | 2022-12-13 | 株式会社ニコン | 撮像装置およびレンズ鏡筒 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20140092269A1 (en) | 2014-04-03 |
US20110261251A1 (en) | 2011-10-27 |
US8629933B2 (en) | 2014-01-14 |
JPWO2010050200A1 (ja) | 2012-03-29 |
JP5535080B2 (ja) | 2014-07-02 |
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