WO2010013670A1 - 積層型圧電素子およびこれを用いた噴射装置ならびに燃料噴射システム - Google Patents
積層型圧電素子およびこれを用いた噴射装置ならびに燃料噴射システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010013670A1 WO2010013670A1 PCT/JP2009/063341 JP2009063341W WO2010013670A1 WO 2010013670 A1 WO2010013670 A1 WO 2010013670A1 JP 2009063341 W JP2009063341 W JP 2009063341W WO 2010013670 A1 WO2010013670 A1 WO 2010013670A1
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- hole
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/87—Electrodes or interconnections, e.g. leads or terminals
- H10N30/872—Connection electrodes of multilayer piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices, e.g. external electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10N30/06—Forming electrodes or interconnections, e.g. leads or terminals
- H10N30/063—Forming interconnections, e.g. connection electrodes of multilayered piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts
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- the present invention relates to a laminated piezoelectric element used for, for example, a driving element (piezoelectric actuator), a sensor element, and a circuit element.
- the driving element include a fuel injection device for an automobile engine, a liquid injection device such as an inkjet, a precision positioning device such as an optical device, and a vibration prevention device.
- the sensor element include a combustion pressure sensor, a knock sensor, an acceleration sensor, a load sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a pressure sensor, and a yaw rate sensor.
- Examples of the circuit element include a piezoelectric gyro, a piezoelectric switch, a piezoelectric transformer, and a piezoelectric breaker.
- an external electrode in a conventional multilayer piezoelectric element As an external electrode in a conventional multilayer piezoelectric element, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is made of a conductive paste comprising a conductive material such as silver and glass, and is attached to the side surface of the multilayer body. Is used. An external electrode is formed by applying this conductive paste to the side surface of the laminate and baking it.
- the multilayer piezoelectric element is required to ensure a large amount of displacement under high pressure at the same time as miniaturization is advanced. For this reason, it is required that a higher electric field is applied and that the device can be used under severe conditions in which continuous driving is performed for a long time.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a multilayer piezoelectric element in which a decrease in displacement amount in use under the above severe conditions is improved.
- the laminated piezoelectric element of the present invention includes a laminated body in which piezoelectric layers and internal electrode layers are alternately laminated, an external electrode joined to a side surface of the laminated body and electrically connected to the internal electrode layer, And a hole is formed at the bonding interface between the side surface of the multilayer body and the external electrode.
- the multilayer piezoelectric element of the present invention is characterized in that, in the above configuration, the holes have a flat shape that is long in the surface direction of the side surface of the multilayer body.
- the multilayer piezoelectric element of the present invention is characterized in that, in each of the above-described configurations, the holes are formed in a portion of the piezoelectric layer on a side surface of the multilayer body.
- the multilayer piezoelectric element of the present invention is characterized in that, in each of the above-described configurations, the external electrode has a glass layer formed on a surface layer portion of a joint surface with the piezoelectric layer.
- the holes are formed in a portion of the piezoelectric layer between the adjacent internal electrode layers on the side surface of the multilayer body. It is a feature.
- the multilayer piezoelectric element of the present invention is characterized in that, in each of the above-described configurations, a plurality of the holes are formed.
- the multilayer piezoelectric element of the present invention is characterized in that, in each of the above-described configurations, the hole is a closed space.
- An injection device includes any one of the multilayer piezoelectric elements according to the present invention and an injection hole, and the liquid stored in the container is discharged from the injection hole by driving the multilayer piezoelectric element. It is characterized by.
- a fuel injection system includes a common rail provided with high-pressure fuel, the injection device according to the present invention that injects the high-pressure fuel stored in the common rail, a pressure pump that supplies the high-pressure fuel to the common rail, And an injection control unit for supplying a drive signal to the injection device.
- the multilayer piezoelectric element of the present invention since the voids are formed at the bonding interface between the side surface of the multilayer body and the external electrode, the side surface of the multilayer body and the external electrode are not expanded when the multilayer body is expanded and contracted. Since the stress generated at the bonding interface can be reduced by the presence of the pores, it is possible to effectively prevent a part of the external electrode from being peeled from the side surface of the laminate, and the displacement characteristics of the laminate are reduced. Problems can be prevented from occurring.
- the multilayer piezoelectric element of the present invention is provided as the multilayered piezoelectric element for discharging the liquid stored in the container from the ejection hole. Since part of the external electrode can be prevented from peeling from the side surface of the substrate, and the displacement characteristics of the laminate can be prevented from being lowered, desired liquid ejection can be stably performed over a long period of time.
- the injection device of the present invention is provided as a device for injecting the high-pressure fuel stored in the common rail, the desired injection of high-pressure fuel can be stably performed over a long period of time. Can do.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view in the vicinity of a bonding interface between a side surface of a multilayer body and an external electrode in the multilayer piezoelectric element illustrated in FIG. 2. It is a cross-sectional enlarged view which shows the example in which the glass layer is formed in the surface layer part of a junction part with the side surface of the laminated body of an external electrode. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of embodiment of the injection apparatus of this invention. It is a schematic structure figure showing an example of an embodiment of a fuel injection system of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of an embodiment of a laminated piezoelectric element of the present invention.
- 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section parallel to the stacking direction of the multilayer body of the multilayer piezoelectric element shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the bonding interface between the side surface of the multilayer body and the external electrode in the multilayer piezoelectric element shown in FIG.
- the laminated piezoelectric element 1 of this example includes a laminated body 7 in which piezoelectric layers 3 and internal electrode layers 5 are alternately laminated, and an internal electrode joined to a side surface of the laminated body 7.
- This hole 2 is interposed between the laminate 7 and the external electrode 9 so as to separate the side surface of the laminate 7 and the joint surface of the external electrode 9 at that portion.
- the shape of the hole 2 viewed from the side of the external electrode 9 is not particularly limited, but may be any shape such as a circular shape or an elliptical shape.
- the size of the hole 2 is preferably about 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m when the thickness of the external electrode 9 is, for example, 10 to 50 ⁇ m, and is about 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m. If the size viewed from the side is circular, the diameter (size viewed from the external electrode 9 side) is preferably about 0.5 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the air holes 2 have a flat shape that is long in the surface direction of the side surface of the laminate 7. That is, the ratio of the area occupied by the holes 2 at the bonding interface between the stacked body 7 and the external electrode 9 is increased by making the shape of the holes 2 flat and long in the surface direction of the side surface of the stacked body 7. Therefore, the stress generated between the external electrode 9 and the side surface of the multilayer body 7 can be effectively reduced without unnecessarily increasing the thickness of the external electrode 9.
- the surface direction of the side surface of the laminate 7 refers to a direction parallel to the side surface of the laminate 7. Therefore, it does not indicate a specific direction such as a vertical direction or a horizontal direction. That is, all the directions parallel to the side surface of the multilayer body 7 are the surface directions of the side surface of the multilayer body 7. Therefore, for example, it may be a flat shape that is long in the stacking direction of the stacked body 7, may be a flat shape that is long in a direction orthogonal to the stacking direction of the stacked body 7, and is long in other directions. It may be a flat shape.
- the direction orthogonal to the stacking direction of the stacked body 7 is a direction along the internal electrode layer 5 exposed from the side surface of the stacked body 7 on the side surface of the stacked body 7 shown in FIG.
- the thickness is about 0.5 to 5 ⁇ m, and the diameter as viewed from the external electrode 9 side. Is about 0.5 to 50 ⁇ m, and the diameter of the holes 2 is preferably at least twice as large as the thickness of the holes 2.
- the long direction may be long along the lamination direction of the laminated body 7, and it is a direction orthogonal to a lamination direction. It may be long along.
- those having a long shape along the direction orthogonal to the laminating direction of the laminated body 7 are preferable.
- the long hole 2 along the stacking direction of the stacked body 7 and the long hole 2 along the direction orthogonal to the stacking direction may be mixed.
- the holes 2 are formed in contact with the piezoelectric layer 3 at the site of the piezoelectric layer 3 on the side surface of the multilayer body 7.
- the hole 2 is formed in contact with the piezoelectric layer 3 at the site of the piezoelectric layer 3 on the side surface of the multilayer body 7.
- the external electrode 9 and the internal electrode layer 5 can be maintained while maintaining good electrical connection.
- the stress generated between the side surface of the laminated body 7 can be reduced.
- the shape of the hole 2 is piezoelectric so that the thickness of the external electrode 9 is not partially increased unnecessarily.
- a flat shape that is long in the direction along the side surface of the body layer 3 is preferable.
- the shape of the hole 2 is long in the direction along the side surface of the piezoelectric layer 3 and the thickness between the piezoelectric layer 3 and the external electrode 9 is thin, thereby reducing the thickness of the external electrode 9.
- the variation of the dimension of the laminated body 7 included is reduced, and the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 with high dimensional accuracy can be supplied.
- the external electrode 9 preferably has a glass layer 10 formed on the surface layer portion of the bonding surface of the multilayer body 7 with the piezoelectric layer 3.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing an example in which a glass layer 10 is formed on the surface layer portion of the joint surface of the laminate 7 of the external electrode 9 with the piezoelectric layer 3.
- the glass layer 10 having a high bonding strength with the piezoelectric layer 3 is connected to the surface layer portion of the external electrode 9 which is the bonding surface with the piezoelectric layer 3 among the side surfaces of the stacked body 7 (Layered portion corresponding to the surface), the bonding strength of the external electrode 9 to the side surface of the laminated body 7 with respect to the piezoelectric layer 3 other than the portion where the holes 2 are formed is further increased. It can be strong.
- the glass layer 10 on the surface layer portion of the external electrode 9 on the joint surface with the piezoelectric layer 3 among the side surfaces of the laminate 7 it is included in the silver glass conductive paste that forms the external electrode 9.
- the external electrode 9 may be baked at a temperature equal to or higher than the softening temperature of the glass component.
- the external electrode 9 having a structure in which two or more layers of silver glass conductive paste are superposed is formed and baked.
- the layer of the silver glass conductive paste formed on the side of the laminate 7 most preferably has a higher glass content than other silver glass conductive paste layers. . Accordingly, when a glass component having good wettability with the piezoelectric layer 3 is used as the glass component of the silver glass conductive paste, the structure composed of a plurality of silver glass conductive paste layers forming the external electrode 9 is obtained.
- the glass component in the silver glass conductive paste is softened and flows to the side surface side of the piezoelectric layer 3 among the side surfaces of the laminate 7.
- the glass component can be segregated on the bonding surface of the laminate 7 with the piezoelectric layer 3 during baking.
- the glass layer 10 can be effectively formed on the surface layer portion of the joint surface with the piezoelectric layer 3 among the side surfaces of the laminate 7 of the external electrode 9.
- the glass components contained in the silver glass conductive paste to form the glass layer 10 on the external electrode 9 are silica glass, soda lime glass, lead alkali silicate glass, aluminoborosilicate having a softening temperature of 600 to 950 ° C. Salt glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, borate glass, phosphate glass, or the like can be used.
- the amount of the glass component contained in the layer of the silver glass conductive paste that is formed on the side surface of the laminate 7 among the external electrodes 9 is about 5 to 20% by mass, and is contained in the other layers.
- the amount of the glass component is preferably about 0.01 to 5% by mass.
- the internal electrode layer 5 and the external electrode 9 it is preferable to contain silver particles in an amount of about 80 to 95% by mass in the silver glass conductive paste. Thereby, even when the glass layer 10 is formed, the electrical connection of the external electrode 9 to the internal electrode layer 5 can be ensured satisfactorily.
- the thickness of the glass layer 10 is, for example, 1 to 5 ⁇ m while the thickness of the external electrode 9 is 10 to 50 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the external electrode 9 is about one-tenth of the thickness of the external electrode 9, It is preferable for improving the bonding strength to the side surface of the body 7 satisfactorily.
- FIG. 4 shows an example in which the holes 2 are located at the interface between the glass layer 10 which is the surface layer portion of the external electrode 9 and the laminate 7, but the holes when the glass layer 10 is formed are shown.
- 2 may be positioned closer to the external electrode 9 with respect to the glass layer 10, and is positioned at the bonding interface between the side surface of the multilayer body 7 and the external electrode 9 by being in contact with the side surface of the multilayer body 7. What is necessary is just to be formed so that the stress between the laminated body 7 and the external electrode 9 can be reduced.
- the holes 2 are formed in the portion of the piezoelectric layer 3 between the adjacent internal electrode layers 5 on the side surface of the multilayer body 7, that is, in the portion of the side surface of the piezoelectric body layer 3 among the side surfaces of the multilayer body 7. It is desirable that This makes it possible to effectively reduce the stress generated between the external electrode 9 and the side surface of the multilayer body 7 while maintaining good conduction between the external electrode 9 and the internal electrode layer 5. As described above, when the holes 2 are formed in the portion of the piezoelectric layer 3 between the adjacent internal electrode layers 5 on the side surface of the multilayer body 7, the thickness of the external electrode 9 is partially increased unnecessarily.
- the shape of the hole 2 is preferably a flat shape that is long in the direction along the side surface of the piezoelectric layer 3 between the internal electrode layers 5 adjacent to each other.
- the hole 2 in this case is, for example, an elongated strip shape along the piezoelectric layer 3, and the width between the piezoelectric layer 3 and the external electrode 9 is less than or equal to the thickness of the piezoelectric layer 3. Any thin flat shape is acceptable.
- a plurality of holes 2 are formed at the bonding interface between the side surface of the multilayer body 7 and the external electrode 9. It is preferable.
- the effect of reducing the stress between the external electrode 9 and the side surface of the multilayer body 7 can be enhanced, and the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 is continuously driven at a high electric field and at a high speed. In this case, it is possible to more effectively prevent a problem that a part of the external electrode 9 is peeled off from the side surface of the laminated body 7 and the displacement characteristics are deteriorated.
- the number density of the plurality of holes 2 formed is preferably about 50 to 1000 / mm 2 .
- the ratio of the area occupied by the holes 2 at the bonding interface between the side surface of the multilayer body 7 and the external electrode 9 is about 0.1 to 5%.
- the holes 2 When a plurality of the holes 2 are formed and the holes 2 are formed in the portion of the piezoelectric layer 3 between the internal electrode layers 5, at least the piezoelectric between the internal electrode layers 5 is formed. It is preferable that one or more holes 2 exist in the body layer 3. As a result, the stress can be relaxed at each part of the piezoelectric layer 3 between the internal electrode layers 5. Moreover, it is preferable that the holes 2 are distributed substantially uniformly in both the stacking direction of the stacked body 7 and the direction orthogonal to the stacking direction. As a result, the stress can be relaxed over the entire surface where the holes 2 are distributed.
- the hole 2 is a closed space. This is because the air holes 2 are formed as a closed space, so that the air existing in the closed space serves as a cushion and effectively prevents the air holes 2 from being crushed by the stress generated by the external force. The stress generated between the external electrode 9 and the side surface of the multilayer body 7 can be reduced over a long period of time.
- the hole 2 is not a closed space, a part of the hole 2 is exposed on the atmosphere side surface of the external electrode 9, and the hole 2 has an opening on the surface of the external electrode 9.
- the holes 2 are formed in the outer peripheral edge of the external electrode 9, and the holes 2 have an opening in the outer peripheral edge of the external electrode 9.
- the hole 2 is a closed space
- a plurality of holes 2 may be connected to form a closed space as a whole. Also in this case, the effect of reducing the stress generated between the external electrode 9 and the side surface of the multilayer body 7 is further enhanced.
- a ceramic green sheet to be the piezoelectric layer 3 is produced. Specifically, a calcined powder of piezoelectric ceramic, a binder made of an acrylic or butyral organic polymer, and a plasticizer are mixed to prepare a slurry. And a ceramic green sheet is produced from this slurry by using tape molding methods, such as a doctor blade method and a calender roll method.
- the piezoelectric ceramic may be any piezoelectric ceramic, and for example, a perovskite oxide made of PbZrO 3 —PbTiO 3 can be used.
- a plasticizer DBP (dibutyl phthalate), DOP (diethyl phthalate), etc. can be used.
- a conductive paste to be the internal electrode layer 5 is produced.
- a conductive paste can be produced by adding and mixing a binder and a plasticizer to silver (Ag) -palladium (Pd) metal powder.
- the conductive paste is disposed on the ceramic green sheet in the pattern of the internal electrode layer 5 using a screen printing method. Further, a plurality of ceramic green sheets on which this conductive paste is printed are stacked, debindered at a predetermined temperature, and then fired at a temperature of 900 to 1200 ° C., thereby alternately stacking piezoelectric layers. 3 and the laminated body 7 provided with the internal electrode layer 5 can be formed.
- the laminated body 7 is not limited to what is produced by the said manufacturing method, If the laminated body 7 which laminates
- the laminate 7 obtained by firing is ground to a predetermined shape using a surface grinder or the like.
- a silver glass conductive paste prepared by adding a binder, a plasticizer and a solvent to a conductive powder and glass powder mainly composed of silver is printed on the side surface of the laminate 7 by screen printing or the like in the pattern of the external electrode 9.
- the external electrode 9 can be formed by drying at a predetermined temperature and baking.
- a silver glass conductive paste that becomes the external electrode 9 after baking is formed.
- a silver glass conductive material is formed by printing a hole material made of a material that does not burn when the external electrode 9 is baked on the side surface of the laminate 7 with the size and shape of the hole 2 and forming the external electrode 9 thereon.
- the pore material is not burned during baking, so that the desired void 2 can be formed at the bonding interface between the side surface of the laminate 7 and the external electrode 9.
- the pore material is preferably carbon powder or beads made of an organic resin such as acrylic beads.
- a pore material paste obtained by adding and mixing a binder to these pore materials is preliminarily applied to a portion where the pores 2 on the side surface of the laminate 7 are to be formed by screen printing or inkjet printing, and then, By printing and baking a silver glass conductive paste to be the external electrode 9, the void 2 can be formed at a desired location on the bonding interface between the side surface of the multilayer body 7 and the external electrode 9.
- hole 2 which has a flat shape long in the surface direction of the side surface of the laminated body 7 can also be obtained by apply
- the following may be performed.
- the surface of the external electrode 9 that is in contact with the side surface of the laminate 7 is a hole.
- a method of forming a rough surface with a recess corresponding to 2 can be employed.
- a method of processing the surface of the external electrode 9 into a rough surface by sandblasting or the like may be employed. In this case, a large number of minute recesses are formed on the surface of the external electrode 9 on the surface in contact with the side surface of the multilayer body 7.
- the size of the air holes 2 can be adjusted to some extent by adjusting the size of.
- the laminate 7 on which the external electrodes 9 are formed is immersed in a resin solution containing an exterior resin made of silicone rubber. Then, the silicone resin solution is vacuum degassed to bring the silicone resin into close contact with the concavo-convex portions on the outer peripheral side surface of the laminate 7, and then the laminate 7 is pulled up from the silicone resin solution. Thereby, the silicone resin is coated on the side surface of the laminate 7 on which the external electrode 9 is formed. Then, the lead wire is connected to the external electrode 9 as a current-carrying portion with a conductive adhesive or the like.
- each piezoelectric layer 3 is made to have an inverse piezoelectric effect. It can be displaced greatly. This makes it possible to function as an automobile fuel injection valve that injects and supplies fuel to the engine, for example.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of the embodiment of the injection device of the present invention.
- the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 of the present invention represented by the above-described embodiment is accommodated in a storage container 23 having an injection hole 21 at one end. ing.
- a needle valve 25 capable of opening and closing the injection hole 21 is disposed in the storage container 23 in the storage container 23 .
- a fluid passage 27 is disposed in the injection hole 21 so that it can communicate with the movement of the needle valve 25.
- the fluid passage 27 is connected to an external fluid supply source, and fluid is always supplied to the fluid passage 27 at a high pressure. Therefore, when the needle valve 25 opens the fluid passage 27 communicating with the injection hole 21, the fluid supplied to the fluid passage 27 passes from the injection hole 21 to an external or adjacent container, for example, a fuel chamber (not shown) of the internal combustion engine. It is configured to be ejected.
- the upper end portion of the needle valve 25 has a large inner diameter, and a cylinder 29 formed in the storage container 23 and a slidable piston 31 are arranged.
- the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 of the present invention as described above is stored.
- the fluid channel 27 may be opened by applying a voltage to the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 and the fluid channel 27 may be closed by stopping the application of the voltage.
- the injection device 19 includes a container having the injection holes 21 and the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 according to the present invention.
- the fluid filled in the container is driven from the injection holes 21 by driving the multilayer piezoelectric element 1.
- You may be comprised so that it may discharge. That is, the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 does not necessarily have to be housed in the container, and the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 is configured to apply a pressure for controlling the ejection of fluid into the container by driving the multilayer piezoelectric element 1. That's fine.
- the fluid includes various liquid fluids (such as conductive paste) and gas in addition to fuel and ink.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of an embodiment of the fuel injection system of the present invention.
- the fuel injection system 35 of this example includes a common rail 37 that stores high-pressure fuel as a high-pressure fluid, and a plurality of injection devices 19 of the present invention that inject the high-pressure fluid stored in the common rail 37.
- a pressure pump 39 for supplying high-pressure fluid to the common rail 37 and an injection control unit 41 for supplying a drive signal to the injection device 19 are provided.
- the injection control unit 41 controls the amount and timing of high-pressure fluid injection based on external information or an external signal. For example, when the injection control unit 41 is used for fuel injection of the engine, the amount and timing of fuel injection can be controlled while sensing the situation in the combustion chamber of the engine with a sensor or the like.
- the pressure pump 39 serves to supply fluid fuel from the fuel tank 43 to the common rail 37 at a high pressure.
- fluid fuel is fed into the common rail 37 at a high pressure of about 1000 to 2000 atmospheres (about 101 MPa to about 203 MPa), preferably about 1500 to 1700 (about 152 MPa to about 172 MPa).
- the high-pressure fuel sent from the pressure pump 39 is stored and appropriately sent to the injection device 19.
- the injection device 19 injects a certain fluid from the injection hole 21 to the outside or an adjacent container as described above.
- the target for injecting and supplying fuel is an engine
- high-pressure fuel is injected in a mist form from the injection hole 21 into the combustion chamber of the engine.
- the external electrodes 9 are not limited to those formed on the opposing side surfaces of the multilayer body 7 as in the examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the two external electrodes 9 are adjacent to the side surfaces of the multilayer body 7. It may be formed on the same side surface of the laminate 7.
- the cross-sectional shape in the direction orthogonal to the stacking direction of the stacked body 7 is not limited to the quadrangular shape as an example of the above embodiment, but a polygonal shape such as a hexagonal shape or an octagonal shape, a circular shape, or a straight line and an arc.
- a conductive auxiliary member for flowing a large current may be provided outside the external electrode 9.
- the conductive auxiliary member is made of a metal wire, mesh, mesh-like plate, or the like, and is used by being connected and fixed to the external electrode 9 with a conductive adhesive or solder.
- a piezoelectric actuator provided with the multilayer piezoelectric element of the present invention was produced as follows. First, a slurry in which a calcined powder of a piezoelectric ceramic mainly composed of lead zirconate titanate (PbZrO 3 -PbTiO 3 ) having an average particle diameter of 0.4 ⁇ m, a binder, and a plasticizer was prepared. Using this slurry, a ceramic green sheet serving as the piezoelectric layer 3 having a thickness of 150 ⁇ m was prepared by a doctor blade method.
- a calcined powder of a piezoelectric ceramic mainly composed of lead zirconate titanate (PbZrO 3 -PbTiO 3 ) having an average particle diameter of 0.4 ⁇ m, a binder, and a plasticizer was prepared. Using this slurry, a ceramic green sheet serving as the piezoelectric layer 3 having a thickness of 150 ⁇ m was prepared by a doctor blade method.
- a binder was added to the silver-palladium alloy to produce a conductive paste to be an internal electrode layer.
- a conductive paste serving as an internal electrode layer was printed on one side of the ceramic green sheet by a screen printing method, and 300 ceramic green sheets on which these conductive pastes were printed were laminated. Then, the laminate was obtained by firing at 980 to 1100 ° C.
- the pores having a flat shape long in the surface direction of the side surface of the laminate (major axis 6 ⁇ m, minor axis 4 ⁇ m, thickness 1 ⁇ m) However, they were formed at the bonding interface between the side surface of the laminate and the external electrode.
- the glass layer was formed with a thickness of 1 ⁇ m on the surface layer portion of the joint surface with the piezoelectric layer of the laminate of the external electrodes.
- the glass layer was formed by using silica glass as the glass component.
- the layer on the side surface side of the laminated body contains 10% by mass of silica glass, and the other layers was formed using a plurality of paste layers containing 2% by mass of silica glass.
- the pores can absorb and relieve the stress repeatedly generated at the joint interface between the side surface of the laminate and the external electrode during driving, and therefore a part of the external electrode remains after driving 1 ⁇ 10 9 times. There was no problem that the displacement characteristics deteriorated by peeling from the side surface of the laminate.
- the piezoelectric actuator of Sample No. 3 in which the shape of the hole is a flat shape that is long in the surface direction of the side surface of the laminated body, and in addition, a glass layer is formed on the surface layer portion of the joint surface with the side surface of the laminated body of the external electrode
- a part of the external electrode does not peel from the side surface of the laminate even after 1 ⁇ 10 10 continuous drivings, and the displacement characteristics are not deteriorated, and further high durability is provided. I found out.
Abstract
Description
この範囲内とすることにより、外部電極9と積層体7の側面との間に発生する応力をより効果的に低減することができる。
2・・・空孔
3・・・圧電体層
5・・・内部電極層
7・・・積層体
9・・・外部電極
10・・・ガラス層
19・・・噴射装置
21・・・噴射孔
23・・・収納容器
25・・・ニードルバルブ
27・・・流体通路
29・・・シリンダ
31・・・ピストン
33・・・皿バネ
35・・・燃料噴射システム
37・・・コモンレール
39・・・圧力ポンプ
41・・・噴射制御ユニット
43・・・燃料タンク
Claims (9)
- 圧電体層と内部電極層とが交互に積層された積層体と、該積層体の側面に接合されて前記内部電極層に電気的に接続された外部電極とを含む積層型圧電素子であって、前記積層体の側面と前記外部電極との接合界面に空孔が形成されていることを特徴とする積層型圧電素子。
- 前記空孔は、前記積層体の側面の面方向に長い扁平な形状を有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の積層型圧電素子。
- 前記空孔は、前記積層体の側面における前記圧電体層の部位に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の積層型圧電素子。
- 前記外部電極は、前記圧電体層との接合面の表層部にガラス層が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれかに記載の積層型圧電素子。
- 前記空孔は、前記積層体の側面における互いに隣接する前記内部電極層の間の前記圧電体層の部位に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれかに記載の積層型圧電素子。
- 前記空孔は複数形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれかに記載の積層型圧電素子。
- 前記空孔は閉じた空間であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項6のいずれかに記載の積層型圧電素子。
- 噴出孔を有する容器と、請求項1乃至請求項7のいずれかに記載の積層型圧電素子とを備え、前記容器内に蓄えられた液体が前記積層型圧電素子の駆動により前記噴射孔から吐出されることを特徴とする噴射装置。
- 高圧燃料を蓄えるコモンレールと、該コモンレールに蓄えられた前記高圧燃料を噴射する請求項8に記載の噴射装置と、前記コモンレールに前記高圧燃料を供給する圧力ポンプと、前記噴射装置に駆動信号を与える噴射制御ユニットとを備えたことを特徴とする燃料噴射システム。
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US13/056,625 US8578911B2 (en) | 2008-07-29 | 2009-07-27 | Multi-layer piezoelectric element, and injection device and fuel injection system using the same |
CN2009801298354A CN102113142B (zh) | 2008-07-29 | 2009-07-27 | 层叠型压电元件、使用该层叠型压电元件的喷射装置以及燃料喷射系统 |
EP09802913.5A EP2333858B1 (en) | 2008-07-29 | 2009-07-27 | Multi-layer piezoelectric element, and injection device and fuel injection system using the same |
JP2010522707A JP5329544B2 (ja) | 2008-07-29 | 2009-07-27 | 燃料噴射システム |
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CN102132433B (zh) * | 2008-08-28 | 2013-11-06 | 京瓷株式会社 | 层叠型压电元件、喷射装置以及燃料喷射系统 |
JP2020167226A (ja) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-10-08 | Tdk株式会社 | 積層型圧電素子 |
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JP5329544B2 (ja) | 2013-10-30 |
JPWO2010013670A1 (ja) | 2012-01-12 |
EP2333858B1 (en) | 2014-10-22 |
EP2333858A4 (en) | 2013-06-26 |
EP2333858A1 (en) | 2011-06-15 |
US20110155104A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
CN102113142B (zh) | 2013-07-17 |
CN102113142A (zh) | 2011-06-29 |
US8578911B2 (en) | 2013-11-12 |
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