WO2012115230A1 - 積層型圧電素子およびこれを備えた噴射装置ならびに燃料噴射システム - Google Patents
積層型圧電素子およびこれを備えた噴射装置ならびに燃料噴射システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012115230A1 WO2012115230A1 PCT/JP2012/054577 JP2012054577W WO2012115230A1 WO 2012115230 A1 WO2012115230 A1 WO 2012115230A1 JP 2012054577 W JP2012054577 W JP 2012054577W WO 2012115230 A1 WO2012115230 A1 WO 2012115230A1
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- Prior art keywords
- piezoelectric element
- external electrode
- electrode member
- conductive adhesive
- multilayer piezoelectric
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/87—Electrodes or interconnections, e.g. leads or terminals
- H10N30/872—Interconnections, e.g. connection electrodes of multilayer piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laminated piezoelectric element used as, for example, a piezoelectric driving element (piezoelectric actuator), a pressure sensor element, a piezoelectric circuit element, and the like, an injection device including the same, and a fuel injection system.
- a piezoelectric driving element piezoelectric actuator
- a pressure sensor element a piezoelectric sensor
- a piezoelectric circuit element a piezoelectric circuit element
- a conventional multilayer piezoelectric element includes a multilayer body 107 in which a piezoelectric layer 103 and an internal electrode 105 are stacked, and is provided on a side surface of the multilayer body 107 to electrically connect with the internal electrode 105. And a connected metallized layer 108.
- a lead member 114 for applying a voltage to the metallized layer is connected and fixed to a part of the surface of the metallized layer 108 using solder and a conductive adhesive 110.
- the lead member 114 is a highly rigid pin for use as a connector (see Patent Document 1).
- the multilayer piezoelectric element 101 described in Patent Document 1 is continuously driven when used in a fuel injection device (injector) such as an internal combustion engine of an automobile, that is, with a high electric field and high pressure applied for a long time.
- a fuel injection device injector
- the stress load of the metallized layer 108 is generated between the joined region of the lead member 114 and the unjoined region of the lead member 114. Since the states are different, there is a risk that the stress resulting from the vibration that has driven the multilayer piezoelectric element 101 may cause cracks from the joint portion between the metallized layer 108 and the lead member 114 to the multilayer body 107 and prevent stable driving. is there.
- the present invention has been devised in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its purpose is to suppress the generation of cracks from the joint portion of the lead member to the laminate, and to stably drive for a long period of time.
- a piezoelectric element, an injection device including the piezoelectric element, and a fuel injection system are provided.
- the multilayer piezoelectric element of the present invention includes a laminate in which a piezoelectric layer and an internal electrode are laminated, a metallized layer provided on a side surface of the laminate and electrically connected to the internal electrode, It includes an external electrode member provided on a conductive adhesive layer thereon, and a lead member joined to the external electrode member.
- An ejection device includes a container having an ejection hole and the multilayer piezoelectric element according to the present invention, and fluid stored in the container is discharged from the ejection hole by driving the multilayer piezoelectric element. It is characterized by this.
- the fuel injection system of the present invention includes a common rail that stores high-pressure fuel, the injection device of the present invention that injects the high-pressure fuel stored in the common rail, a pressure pump that supplies the high-pressure fuel to the common rail, and the injection And an injection control unit for supplying a drive signal to the apparatus.
- the external electrode member and the metallized layer can be bonded by the conductive adhesive layer that forms a large-area bonding region as compared with the case where the lead member is directly bonded to the metallized layer. Because the external electrode member can function as a buffer layer to disperse the stress caused by vibration generated when the multilayer piezoelectric element is driven, the joint between the multilayer body and the lead member is cracked. Can be stably driven for a long time without peeling of the external electrode member.
- the laminated piezoelectric element can be stably driven for a long period of time, so that a desired fluid can be ejected stably over a long period of time.
- desired injection of high-pressure fuel can be stably performed over a long period of time.
- (A) is a partial transmission top view which shows the other example of embodiment of the lamination type piezoelectric element of this invention
- (b) is an expanded sectional view of the principal part shown to (a). It is an expanded sectional view showing an important section of other examples of an embodiment of a lamination type piezoelectric element of the present invention. It is an expanded sectional view showing an important section of other examples of an embodiment of a lamination type piezoelectric element of the present invention. It is an expanded sectional view showing an important section of other examples of an embodiment of a lamination type piezoelectric element of the present invention. It is a rough sectional view showing an example of an embodiment of an injection device of the present invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows an example of embodiment of the fuel-injection system of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the conventional lamination type piezoelectric element.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an embodiment of a multilayer piezoelectric element of the present invention.
- the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 of the present embodiment includes a piezoelectric layer 3 and internal electrodes. 5, a metallized layer 8 provided on a side surface of the laminated body 7 and electrically connected to the internal electrode 5, and a conductive adhesive layer 10 provided on the metallized layer 8.
- the external electrode member 12 and the lead member 14 joined to the external electrode member 12 are included.
- a multilayer body 7 constituting the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 is a non-constituted structure composed of an active portion in which a plurality of piezoelectric layers 3 and internal electrodes 5 are alternately stacked, and piezoelectric layers 3 provided at both ends of the active portion in the stacking direction.
- it is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape having a length of 0.5 to 10 mm, a width of 0.5 to 10 mm, and a height of 1 to 100 mm.
- the piezoelectric layer 3 constituting the multilayer body 7 is formed of ceramics having piezoelectric characteristics.
- ceramics for example, a perovskite oxide made of lead zirconate titanate (PbZrO 3 -PbTiO 3 ), Lithium niobate (LiNbO 3 ), lithium tantalate (LiTaO 3 ), or the like can be used.
- the thickness of the piezoelectric layer 3 is, for example, 3 to 250 ⁇ m.
- the internal electrodes 5 constituting the multilayer body 7 are formed by simultaneous firing with the ceramics forming the piezoelectric layer 3, and are alternately stacked with the piezoelectric layers 3 so as to sandwich the piezoelectric layers 3 from above and below, By arranging the positive electrode and the negative electrode in the stacking order, a driving voltage is applied to the piezoelectric layer 3 sandwiched between them.
- this forming material for example, a conductor mainly composed of a silver-palladium alloy having low reactivity with piezoelectric ceramics, or a conductor containing copper, platinum, or the like can be used. In the example shown in FIG.
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode are led out alternately to a pair of opposite side surfaces of the laminate 7, and electrically connected to the pair of metallized layers 8 provided on the side surfaces of the laminate 7. It is connected to the.
- the thickness of the internal electrode 5 is, for example, 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m.
- the pair of metallized layers 8 provided on the side surfaces of the laminate 7 and electrically connected to the internal electrodes 5 are formed by applying and baking a paste made of silver and glass, for example.
- a paste made of silver and glass for example.
- the thickness of the metallized layer 8 is, for example, 5 to 500 ⁇ m.
- An external electrode member 12 is provided on the metallized layer 8 via a conductive adhesive layer 10.
- the laminated piezoelectric element 1 of the present invention has the metallized layer 8 formed of the conductive adhesive layer 10.
- the external electrode member 12 having a size so as to cover is joined.
- the conductive adhesive layer 10 is formed in a larger area than the conventional conductive adhesive. Therefore, the stress applied to the metallized layer 8 can be dispersed more than before, and the generation of cracks from the joint portion of the lead member 14 to the laminate 7 can be suppressed.
- Examples of the conductive adhesive layer 10 used here include a layer made of an epoxy resin or a polyimide resin containing a metal powder having good conductivity such as Ag powder or Cu powder. By being made of such a material, stress can be relieved using elastic characteristics, and driving can be performed for a long time.
- the conductive adhesive layer 10 is formed to a thickness of, for example, 5 to 500 ⁇ m.
- the external electrode member 12 is, for example, a plate-shaped or wire-mesh-shaped member that is wider than the lead member 14 made of a metal such as copper, iron, stainless steel, phosphor bronze, etc. It is formed.
- the external electrode member 12 may be plated with tin or silver in order to improve electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity.
- the external electrode member 12 extends to the outside of the end surface of the conductive adhesive layer 10 in the stacking direction, and the joint between the external electrode member 12 and the lead member 14 is conductively bonded. It is preferably located outside the end face of the agent layer 10. According to this configuration, since the lead member 14 is bonded to a free region that is not fixed by the conductive adhesive layer 10 of the external electrode member 12, even if the lead member 14 moves, stress is directly applied to the laminate 7. In addition, the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 can be driven without causing cracks in the multilayer body 7 for a longer period of time.
- the external electrode member 12 extends to the outside of the end surface of the multilayer body 7 in the stacking direction, and the joint between the external electrode member 12 and the lead member 14 is from the end surface of the multilayer body 7. Is also preferably located outside. According to this configuration, the stress applied when the lead member 14 moves is further suppressed from being applied to the multilayer body 7 as compared with the configuration of FIG. 3, and the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 can be driven for a longer period of time.
- the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 when used for automobiles, it may resonate with vibration around the multilayer piezoelectric element 1, but the joint between the external electrode member 12 and the lead member 14 is used as the end face of the multilayer body 7. Since the lead member 14 functions as a weight for preventing vibration by being positioned on the outer side, resonance can be prevented, so that the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 can be driven stably over a longer period of time.
- the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 includes a lead member 14 joined to the external electrode member 12.
- the lead member 14 is for connecting the external electrode member 12 and an external circuit, and includes, for example, a pin formed of copper, iron, stainless steel, phosphor bronze or the like. Moreover, plating, such as tin and silver, may be given. Examples of the cross-sectional shape of the pin include a circular shape having a diameter of 100 to 1000 ⁇ m and a rectangular shape having a side length of 200 to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the vibration direction transmitted to the lead member 14 is also the driving direction of the multilayer piezoelectric element 1. Therefore, even when a connector or the like is joined to the lead member 14, there is no fear that the connector will loosen due to vibrations or cause contact failure and spark.
- the joining method of the external electrode member 12 and the lead member 14 includes joining by solder or conductive adhesive, welding, etc., but it is preferable to join by welding in order to make it difficult to come off and drive for a long period of time. .
- the conductive adhesive layer 10 functions as a buffer layer and can relieve stress, no cracks occur at the joint between the laminate 7 and the lead member 14, and the external electrode member 12 can be peeled off. And can be driven stably for a long time.
- the external electrode member 12 has a corrugated plate shape (longitudinal section corrugated shape) as shown in FIG. 4, a wire net shape (mesh shape) knitted with a linear metal as shown in FIG.
- the conductive adhesive layer 10 can be freely deformed in accordance with the driving of the multilayer piezoelectric element 1, so that the function as a buffer layer is further enhanced.
- stress can be relieved, so that cracks do not occur at the joint between the laminate 7 and the lead member 14, and the external electrode member 12 does not peel off, and can be driven stably for a long time.
- the external electrode member 12 may be a flat plate member.
- the driving direction of the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 (the expansion / contraction direction of the multilayer body 7) can be made completely coincident with the lamination direction, so that the conductive adhesive layer 10 is a buffer.
- the driving axial direction of the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 does not fluctuate no matter which direction the lead member 14 is arranged. Abnormal vibrations can be suppressed by the fact that there is no vibration due to the driving of the multilayer piezoelectric element 1, so that no cracks occur at the joint between the multilayer body 7 and the lead member 14, and there is no peeling of the external electrode member 12, which is stable. And can be driven for a long time.
- the external electrode member 12 is preferably made of a thin plate metal, and the external electrode member 12 is made of a thin plate metal, so that the external electrode member 12 has a greater stress relieving effect and can be used for a longer period of time.
- the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 can be driven.
- the thickness of the thin plate-like external electrode member 12 is effectively, for example, 0.01 to 0.3 mm.
- the external electrode member 12 has a structure in which slits are alternately provided from one side surface to the other side surface, thereby further increasing the stress relaxation effect and enabling long-term driving. Can contribute.
- the slit width (distance in the stacking direction) is, for example, 0.01 to 0.3 mm, and the slit length (distance in the direction perpendicular to the stacking direction) is, for example, 35 to 95% of the width of the external electrode member 12.
- the interval between adjacent slits in the stacking direction is, for example, 0.03 to 0.5 mm.
- the external electrode member 12 extends to the outside of the end face of the conductive adhesive layer 10 in the stacking direction, and a part of the slit is located outside of the end face of the conductive adhesive layer 10
- the external electrode member 12 can be freely deformed in the vicinity of the slit. Therefore, stress can be relieved and durability for a longer period can be obtained.
- the joint between the external electrode member 12 and the lead member 14 is preferably located outside the end face of the conductive adhesive layer 10. According to this configuration, since the lead member 14 is bonded to a free region that is not fixed by the conductive adhesive layer 10 of the external electrode member 12, even if the lead member 14 moves, stress is directly applied to the laminate 7. In addition, the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 can be driven without causing cracks in the multilayer body 7 for a longer period of time.
- the conductive adhesive layer 10 has a plurality of voids 2 so as not to open on the surface in contact with the metallized layer 8.
- the plurality of voids 2 have a diameter of, for example, 0.05 to 2 ⁇ m, and this value is obtained by observing a cross section of the conductive adhesive layer 10 with an electron microscope such as a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or a metal microscope, and separating an arbitrary line segment. The number of voids and the length of the line segment included in the void are measured, and the total distance of the lengths of the line segments included in the void is divided by the number of voids. Further, the area ratio occupied by the plurality of voids 2 in an arbitrary cross section of the conductive adhesive layer 10 is, for example, 5 to 60%, and this value is also measured by an electron microscope such as a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or a metal microscope. It can be determined by observing.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- the bonding area between the metallized layer 8 and the conductive adhesive layer 10 becomes small, so that the bonding strength is not sufficient.
- the boundary with the conductive adhesive layer 10 is exposed in the void 2, and that portion is the starting point, and cracks are likely to occur in these boundaries.
- a plurality of voids 2 penetrates the conductive adhesive layer 10, when a crack is caused by driving at a position corresponding to the void 2 in the metallized layer 8, the path of electricity is blocked and the periphery of the crack is There is a possibility that the conductive adhesive layer 10 may be peeled off due to heat generation.
- the conductive adhesive layer 10 has a plurality of voids 2 that do not open on the surface in contact with the metallized layer 8, so that the bonding strength between the metallized layer 8 and the conductive adhesive layer 10 is maintained, and metallized during driving.
- the stress concentrated on the boundary between the layer 8 and the conductive adhesive layer 10 can be alleviated, and cracking at this boundary can be prevented from breaking.
- the external electrode member 12 is an electrode having a mesh structure, and there is a void at a position corresponding to the mesh of the external electrode member 12.
- FIG. 7A is a partially transparent plan view, and shows the void 2 inside the conductive adhesive layer 10 as shown in FIG. 7B.
- the mesh is an opening surrounded by lines constituting the mesh when the external electrode member 12 is viewed from the front. Examples of the mesh include a circle having a diameter of 3 to 200 ⁇ m, a rectangle having a side length of 3 to 200 ⁇ m, a rhombus having a major axis of 5 to 300 ⁇ m and a minor axis of 3 to 200 ⁇ m, and the like.
- the provided void has a smaller diameter than the mesh.
- the external electrode member 12 is more easily expanded and contracted, and the expansion and contraction is even. Therefore, the stress concentrated on the boundary between the metallized layer 8 and the conductive adhesive layer 10 during driving can be more relaxed, and more Long-term durability is obtained.
- the external electrode member 12 having a mesh structure made of a thin plate-like metal, when stress concentrated on the boundary between the metallized layer 8 and the conductive adhesive layer 10 is applied during driving, Since the external electrode member 12 can be deformed so as to be partially twisted, the stress can be relieved and a longer-term durability can be obtained.
- the void 2 is opened on the surface of the conductive adhesive layer 10 on the side in contact with the external electrode member 12. According to this configuration, since the external electrode member 12 is more easily expanded and contracted, the stress concentrated on the boundary between the metallized layer 8 and the conductive adhesive layer 10 during driving can be further relaxed, and further long-term durability can be obtained. It is done.
- the void 2 has the same size as the mesh of the external electrode member 12. According to this configuration, long-term durability can be obtained.
- the opening of the void 2 is circular or elliptical, but the mesh of the external electrode member 12 is rectangular, the opening of the void 2 is the largest circle that fits into the mesh. It means that the shape is oval or elliptical.
- the conductive adhesive layer 10 may not only be between the metallized layer 8 and the external electrode member 12 but may be raised to the outside of the external electrode member 12.
- the voids 2 are distributed in the active portion of the laminated body 7, and it is particularly preferable that the voids 2 are distributed at positions corresponding to the central portion of the laminated body 7 in the stacking direction (not shown).
- the central portion in the stacking direction of the stacked body 7 refers to a middle region when the stacked body 7 is equally divided into three in the stacking direction. Since the active portion in the stacking direction of the stacked body 7, particularly the central portion, is a region with large expansion and contraction, according to this configuration, longer-term durability can be obtained.
- the slit which has an opening part in the side surface of the external electrode member 12 as shown in FIG. 5 may be provided, and the structure which has a void in the position corresponding to a slit may be sufficient especially as the clearance gap between slits inside a slit. If the conductive adhesive layer 10 including the void 2 is raised, the external electrode member 12 is an opening around the void 2 and can be deformed, so that stress can be relieved and durability can be extended for a longer period of time. Sex is obtained.
- a ceramic green sheet to be the piezoelectric layer 3 is produced. Specifically, a ceramic slurry is prepared by mixing a calcined powder of piezoelectric ceramic, a binder made of an organic polymer such as acrylic or butyral, and a plasticizer. And a ceramic green sheet is produced using this ceramic slurry by using tape molding methods, such as a doctor blade method and a calender roll method.
- the piezoelectric ceramic any material having piezoelectric characteristics may be used.
- a perovskite oxide made of lead zirconate titanate (PbZrO 3 -PbTiO 3 ) can be used.
- the plasticizer dibutyl phthalate (DBP), dioctyl phthalate (DOP), or the like can be used.
- a conductive paste to be the internal electrode 5 is produced.
- a conductive paste is prepared by adding and mixing a binder and a plasticizer to a metal powder of a silver-palladium alloy. This conductive paste is applied on the ceramic green sheet in the pattern of the internal electrodes 5 using a screen printing method. Further, a plurality of ceramic green sheets printed with this conductive paste are stacked, debindered at a predetermined temperature, and then fired at a temperature of 900 to 1200 ° C., thereby alternately stacking piezoelectric bodies. A laminate 7 including the layer 3 and the internal electrode 5 is produced.
- the laminate 7 is not limited to the one produced by the above manufacturing method, and any laminate 7 can be produced by laminating a plurality of piezoelectric layers 3 and internal electrode layers 5. It may be produced by a manufacturing method.
- the laminated body 7 obtained by firing is subjected to a grinding process so as to have a predetermined shape using a surface grinder or the like.
- a silver glass-containing conductive paste prepared by adding a binder, a plasticizer, and a solvent to a mixture of conductive particles mainly composed of silver and glass is used to form a side surface of the laminate 7 in the pattern of the metallized layer 8.
- baking treatment is performed at a temperature of 650 to 750 ° C. to form the metallized layer 8.
- the external electrode member 12 is bonded and fixed to the surface of the metallized layer 8 through the conductive adhesive layer 10.
- the conductive adhesive layer 10 an adhesive made of an epoxy resin or a polyimide resin containing a metal powder having good conductivity such as silver powder or copper powder can be used. Further, the conductive adhesive layer 10 can be formed by controlling the predetermined thickness and width by screen printing or a dispensing method.
- a conductive adhesive is mixed in the adhesive by mixing a bead-like filler made of acrylic, polyethylene, natural rubber, or the like, which is easily melted by heat during drying of the adhesive to form a void. Void 2 can be formed in layer 10.
- a method of applying the adhesive in two steps can be mentioned.
- an adhesive not mixed with the polymer filler is applied to the lower layer, and dried appropriately.
- the surface on the side in contact with the metallized layer is not opened.
- an adhesive mixed with a polymer filler thereon and dry appropriately to form a target void.
- the external electrode member 12 may be set with accurate positioning.
- the configuration shown in FIG. 8 and the configuration shown in FIG. 9 are, for example, after applying an adhesive that does not contain a polymer filler, and then positioning the external electrode member 12 with high accuracy and setting the external electrode member 12 from above. Only the molecular filler need be dispensed with high accuracy.
- the external electrode member 12 is set with high accuracy on the adhesive, and only the polymer filler is accurately applied from above. Dispensing and then applying the adhesive to the target area with a dispenser.
- the lead member 14 is joined to the external electrode member 12 by welding or soldering or a conductive adhesive.
- resistance welding is preferable for welding, and solder foil and solder paste are preferable for solder. Since the polarization state of the piezoelectric layer 3 changes when the laminated piezoelectric element 1 is heated, it is preferable to locally heat only the joint using a laser or the like.
- the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 connects the metallized layer 8 to an external power source via an external electrode member 12 and applies a voltage to the piezoelectric layer 3 to thereby cause each piezoelectric layer 3 to have an inverse piezoelectric effect. It can be displaced greatly. This makes it possible to function as an automobile fuel injection valve that injects and supplies fuel to the engine, for example.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of an embodiment of an injection device of the present invention.
- the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 of the present embodiment is stored in a storage container (container) 23 having an injection hole 21 at one end. .
- a needle valve 25 capable of opening and closing the injection hole 21 is disposed in the storage container 23 in the storage container 23 .
- a fluid passage 27 is disposed in the injection hole 21 so that it can communicate with the movement of the needle valve 25.
- the fluid passage 27 is connected to an external fluid supply source, and fluid is always supplied to the fluid passage 27 at a high pressure. Therefore, when the needle valve 25 opens the injection hole 21, the fluid supplied to the fluid passage 27 is discharged from the injection hole 21 to an external or adjacent container, for example, a fuel chamber (not shown) of the internal combustion engine. It is configured.
- the upper end of the needle valve 25 has a large diameter, and is a piston 31 that can slide with a cylinder 29 formed in the storage container 23.
- the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 of the above-described example is stored in contact with the piston 31.
- the fluid passage 27 may be opened by applying a voltage to the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 and the fluid passage 27 may be closed by stopping the application of the voltage.
- the injection device 19 includes a container 23 having an injection hole and the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 according to the present embodiment, and drives the fluid stored in the container 23 to drive the multilayer piezoelectric element 1. Thus, it may be configured to discharge from the injection hole 21.
- the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 does not necessarily have to be inside the container 23, as long as the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 is configured to apply pressure for controlling the ejection of fluid to the inside of the container 23 by driving the multilayer piezoelectric element 1. Good.
- the fluid includes various liquids and gases such as a conductive paste in addition to fuel and ink.
- the injection device 19 of the present embodiment that employs the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 of the present embodiment is used for an internal combustion engine, the fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine such as an engine over a longer period than the conventional injection device. It is possible to inject with high accuracy.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an embodiment of a fuel injection system of the present invention.
- the fuel injection system 35 of the present embodiment includes a common rail 37 that stores high-pressure fuel as a high-pressure fluid, and a plurality of injections of the present embodiment that inject high-pressure fluid stored in the common rail 37.
- a device 19 a pressure pump 39 that supplies a high-pressure fluid to the common rail 37, and an injection control unit 41 that supplies a drive signal to the injection device 19 are provided.
- the injection control unit 41 controls the amount and timing of high-pressure fluid injection based on external information or an external signal. For example, if the injection control unit 41 is used for fuel injection of the engine, the amount and timing of fuel injection can be controlled while sensing the situation in the combustion chamber of the engine with a sensor or the like.
- the pressure pump 39 serves to supply fluid fuel from the fuel tank 43 to the common rail 37 at a high pressure. For example, in the case of an engine fuel injection system 35, fluid fuel is fed into the common rail 37 at a high pressure of about 1000 to 2000 atmospheres (about 101 MPa to about 203 MPa), preferably about 1500 to 1700 atmospheres (about 152 MPa to about 172 MPa).
- the high-pressure fuel sent from the pressure pump 39 is stored and sent to the injection device 19 as appropriate.
- the injection device 19 injects a certain fluid from the injection hole 21 to the outside or an adjacent container as described above.
- the target for injecting and supplying fuel is an engine
- high-pressure fuel is injected in a mist form from the injection hole 21 into the combustion chamber of the engine.
- the metallized layer 8 is formed on each of two opposing side surfaces of the stacked body 7, but two metallized layers 8 may be formed on adjacent side surfaces of the stacked body 7, or It may be formed on the same side of the body 7.
- the cross-sectional shape in the direction orthogonal to the stacking direction of the stacked body 7 is not limited to the quadrangular shape that is an example of the above embodiment, but a polygonal shape such as a hexagonal shape or an octagonal shape, a circular shape, or a straight line and an arc. You may be the shape which combined.
- the multilayer piezoelectric element 1 of the present embodiment is used for, for example, a piezoelectric drive element (piezoelectric actuator), a pressure sensor element, a piezoelectric circuit element and the like.
- the driving element include a fuel injection device for an automobile engine, a liquid injection device such as an inkjet, a precision positioning device such as an optical device, and a vibration prevention device.
- the sensor element include a combustion pressure sensor, a knock sensor, an acceleration sensor, a load sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a pressure sensor, and a yaw rate sensor.
- Examples of the circuit element include a piezoelectric gyro, a piezoelectric switch, a piezoelectric transformer, and a piezoelectric breaker.
- a piezoelectric actuator provided with the multilayer piezoelectric element of the present invention was produced as follows. First, a ceramic slurry was prepared in which a calcined powder of piezoelectric ceramic mainly composed of lead zirconate titanate (PbZrO 3 —PbTiO 3 ) having an average particle diameter of 0.4 ⁇ m, a binder and a plasticizer were mixed. Using this ceramic slurry, a ceramic green sheet serving as a piezoelectric layer having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m was prepared by a doctor blade method. Further, a binder was added to the silver-palladium alloy to produce a conductive paste to be an internal electrode.
- a ceramic slurry was prepared in which a calcined powder of piezoelectric ceramic mainly composed of lead zirconate titanate (PbZrO 3 —PbTiO 3 ) having an average particle diameter of 0.4 ⁇ m, a binder and a plasticizer were mixed. Using this ceramic s
- a conductive paste serving as an internal electrode was printed on one side of the ceramic green sheet by screen printing, and 200 ceramic green sheets printed with the conductive paste were laminated. Further, a total of 15 ceramic green sheets not printed with the conductive paste serving as the internal electrodes were laminated on the top and bottom of the 200 ceramic green sheets printed with the conductive paste serving as the internal electrodes. Then, the laminate was obtained by firing at 980 to 1100 ° C. The obtained laminate was ground into a predetermined shape using a surface grinder.
- a conductive paste in which a binder was mixed with silver and glass was printed by a screen printing method on the metallized layer forming portion on the side surface of the laminate, and baked at 700 ° C. Thereby, a metallized layer was formed on the side surface of the laminate.
- an external electrode member made of phosphor bronze material having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m was connected and fixed to the metallized layer in parallel with the surface of the laminate through a conductive adhesive layer made of silver polyimide material and having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m.
- the external electrode member extends to the outside of 0.5 mm from the end face of the conductive adhesive layer in the laminating direction, and has a length of 8 mm from one side surface to the other side surface and a width of 0.1 mm in the laminating direction.
- One having a total of 150 slits of mm with a spacing of 0.1 mm in the stacking direction (sample number 1) and one having no slits (sample number 2) were used.
- the lead member was joined by resistance welding to a portion extending from the end surface of the conductive adhesive layer of the external electrode member.
- the lead member was fixed so that the axial direction coincided with the laminating direction, and the tip position of the lead member was 1 mm from the end face of the conductive adhesive layer.
- the laminated piezoelectric elements (sample number 1 and sample number 2) of the examples of the present invention were produced.
- a laminated piezoelectric element (sample number 3) was prepared in which the lead member was directly joined to the metallized layer by soldering without providing the conductive adhesive layer and the external electrode member.
- Each of the laminated piezoelectric elements thus produced was subjected to a polarization treatment by applying a DC electric field of 3 kV / mm for 15 minutes to the external electrode member through the lead member.
- a DC voltage of 160 V was applied to these stacked piezoelectric elements, a displacement of 30 ⁇ m was obtained in the stacking direction of the stacked body.
- the laminated piezoelectric element (Sample No. 1 and Sample No. 2) of the embodiment of the present invention does not cause cracks in the joint portion of the laminate and the lead member even when continuously driven 1 ⁇ 10 8 times. It was. Further, the external electrode member was not peeled off.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
2・・・ボイド
3・・・圧電体層
5・・・内部電極
7・・・積層体
8・・・メタライズ層
10・・・導電性接着剤層
12・・・外部電極部材
14・・・リード部材
19・・・噴射装置
21・・・噴射孔
23・・・収納容器(容器)
25・・・ニードルバルブ
27・・・流体通路
29・・・シリンダ
31・・・ピストン
33・・・皿バネ
35・・・燃料噴射システム
37・・・コモンレール
39・・・圧力ポンプ
41・・・噴射制御ユニット
43・・・燃料タンク
Claims (13)
- 圧電体層および内部電極が積層された積層体と、該積層体の側面に設けられて前記内部電極と電気的に接続されたメタライズ層と、前記メタライズ層の上に導電性接着剤層を介して設けられた外部電極部材と、該外部電極部材と接合されたリード部材とを含むことを特徴とする積層型圧電素子。
- 前記外部電極部材は積層方向における前記導電性接着剤層の端面よりも外側まで延出しており、前記外部電極部材と前記リード部材との接合部は前記導電性接着剤層の端面よりも外側に位置していることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の積層型圧電素子。
- 前記外部電極部材は積層方向における前記積層体の端面よりも外側まで延出しており、前記外部電極部材と前記リード部材との接合部は前記積層体の端面よりも外側に位置していることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の積層型圧電素子。
- 前記導電性接着剤層には前記メタライズ層と接する側の面に開口しないように複数のボイドがあることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3のうちいずれかに記載の積層型圧電素子。
- 前記外部電極部材が網目構造の電極であり、前記ボイドが前記外部電極部材の網目に対応する位置にあることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の積層型圧電素子。
- 前記ボイドが前記導電性接着剤層の前記外部電極部材と接する側の面で開口していることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の積層型圧電素子。
- 前記ボイドが前記外部電極部材の網目と同じ大きさで開口していることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の積層型圧電素子。
- 前記ボイドが前記積層体の積層方向の中央部に対応する位置に分布していることを特徴とする請求項5乃至請求項7のうちのいずれかに記載の積層型圧電素子。
- 前記外部電極部材は薄板状の金属からなることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項8に記載の積層型圧電素子。
- 前記外部電極部材には、一方の側面から他方の側面に向けてスリットが交互に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の積層型圧電素子。
- 前記外部電極部材と前記リード部材とは溶接にて接合されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の積層型圧電素子。
- 噴射孔を有する容器と、請求項1に記載の積層型圧電素子とを備え、前記容器内に蓄えられた流体が前記積層型圧電素子の駆動により前記噴射孔から吐出されることを特徴とする噴射装置。
- 高圧燃料を蓄えるコモンレールと、該コモンレールに蓄えられた前記高圧燃料を噴射する請求項12に記載の噴射装置と、前記コモンレールに前記高圧燃料を供給する圧力ポンプと、前記噴射装置に駆動信号を与える噴射制御ユニットとを備えたことを特徴とする燃料噴射システム。
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JP2013501142A JP5586777B2 (ja) | 2011-02-24 | 2012-02-24 | 積層型圧電素子およびこれを備えた噴射装置ならびに燃料噴射システム |
CN201280008822.3A CN103380504B (zh) | 2011-02-24 | 2012-02-24 | 层叠型压电元件及具备该层叠型压电元件的喷射装置以及燃料喷射系统 |
EP12749409.4A EP2680335B1 (en) | 2011-02-24 | 2012-02-24 | Laminated piezoelectric element, injection apparatus provided with same, and fuel injection system provided with same |
US14/001,166 US9478725B2 (en) | 2011-02-24 | 2012-02-24 | Multi-layer piezoelectric element, and injection device and fuel injection system provided with the same |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN103380504A (zh) | 2013-10-30 |
EP2680335B1 (en) | 2015-10-28 |
JP5586777B2 (ja) | 2014-09-10 |
US20140020659A1 (en) | 2014-01-23 |
EP2680335A1 (en) | 2014-01-01 |
CN103380504B (zh) | 2016-01-27 |
US9478725B2 (en) | 2016-10-25 |
JPWO2012115230A1 (ja) | 2014-07-07 |
EP2680335A4 (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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