WO2009116382A1 - 血中リン濃度上昇抑制剤 - Google Patents
血中リン濃度上昇抑制剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009116382A1 WO2009116382A1 PCT/JP2009/053837 JP2009053837W WO2009116382A1 WO 2009116382 A1 WO2009116382 A1 WO 2009116382A1 JP 2009053837 W JP2009053837 W JP 2009053837W WO 2009116382 A1 WO2009116382 A1 WO 2009116382A1
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- blood phosphorus
- lactobacillus
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- phosphorus concentration
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/66—Microorganisms or materials therefrom
- A61K35/74—Bacteria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/4841—Filling excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/4875—Compounds of unknown constitution, e.g. material from plants or animals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
- A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/12—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for electrolyte homeostasis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a blood phosphorus level increase inhibitor. More specifically, the present invention relates to a blood phosphorus level increase inhibitor that is effective in preventing and improving hyperphosphatemia associated with decreased renal function.
- the kidney plays an extremely important role.
- phosphorus accumulates in the body and causes hyperphosphatemia.
- the blood phosphorus concentration of a healthy person is about 2.5 to 4.7 mg / dL.
- the blood phosphorus concentration exceeds 5.5 mg / dL, a treatment that reduces the blood phosphorus concentration (drugs) Administration).
- hyperphosphatemia is involved in the development of renal failure and the development of cardiovascular complications (for example, blood phosphorus and calcium combine to deposit on the arterial wall and cause arteriosclerosis). It has been revealed that Furthermore, it has been reported that in patients on dialysis and patients with renal dysfunction, hyperphosphatemia is not only a factor in cardiovascular disorders but also an exacerbation factor in life prognosis.
- phosphorus adsorbents that physically adsorb phosphorus in the intestinal tract by oral ingestion.
- examples thereof include calcium-containing phosphorus adsorbents and calcium-free phosphorus adsorbents.
- Examples of the calcium-free phosphorus adsorption agent include ion exchange resin type phosphorus adsorption agents as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3.
- ion exchange resin type phosphorus adsorbents have been reported to have side effects such as constipation, abdominal tension, nausea and vomiting.
- dialysis patients and patients with renal dysfunction are restricted not only in phosphorus but also in intake of potassium, salt, water, and the like.
- a blood phosphorus concentration reducing agent for example, a preparation for hyperphosphatemia containing a galactomannan degradation product composed of neutral sugar as an active ingredient (Patent Document 4), chitosan oligosaccharide as an active ingredient Examples thereof include a blood phosphorus concentration-reducing agent (Patent Document 5) and a phosphorus absorption inhibitor (Patent Document 6) containing an extract of red algae as an active ingredient.
- the formulation for hyperphosphatemia containing the galactomannan degradation product described in Patent Document 4 as an active ingredient is usually taken with meals, but when taken alone, it is considered to be taken simultaneously with water. Since dialysis patients are restricted in water intake, when taking such a preparation for hyperphosphatemia, a form that can be consumed without requiring water is preferable.
- the blood phosphorus concentration-lowering agent containing chitosan oligosaccharide described in Patent Document 5 as an active ingredient is considered to cause no deterioration of mineral absorption in the large intestine because it contains oligosaccharide as a main component.
- a blood phosphorus level lowering agent may cause diarrhea, dehydration, and the like.
- red alga which is an active ingredient, has a strong binding force with potassium, calcium, iron, magnesium, sodium, etc., and therefore absorbs these minerals necessary for dialysis patients. The possibility of causing mineral deficiency is considered. In dialysis patients, since the mineral concentration is increased or decreased by dialysis, a phosphorus absorption inhibitor having a mineral absorption action needs attention when used.
- Patent Document 7 it is known to administer an enteric preparation containing lactic acid bacteria in order to reduce blood neutral fat, uremic substances and the like of dialysis patients.
- Patent Document 7 describes that such a preparation improves arteriosclerosis and reduces uremia caused by chronic renal failure by reducing substances such as indoxyl sulfate and phenol.
- Patent Document 7 does not disclose any blood phosphorus concentration.
- Patent Document 8 describes that certain types of lactic acid bacteria accumulate phosphorus in the cells as polyphosphoric acid. However, Patent Document 8 does not clarify any relationship between the intracellular accumulation of polyphosphate and the blood phosphorus concentration. JP 2001-48791 A JP-A-9-295941 International Publication No. 01/068106 Pamphlet JP 2007-22929 A JP 2000-344802 A JP 2001-2581 A JP 2004-277296 A JP 2006-176450 A
- An object of the present invention is to provide a blood phosphorus level increase inhibitor that is highly safe and can suppress an increase in blood phosphorus level that can be easily administered.
- the present invention provides a blood phosphorus level increase inhibitor comprising lactic acid bacteria as an active ingredient.
- the lactic acid bacterium is at least one selected from the group consisting of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, and Enterococcus.
- the lactic acid bacterium is Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium bifidum, B. longum, Bifidobacterium in Phantis (B. infantis), Bifidobacterium animalis (B. animalis), Bifidobacterium pseudolongum (B. pseudolongum), B. ⁇ dentium (B. ⁇ dentium), Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus), Lactobacillus animalis (L. animalis), Lactobacillus brevis (L. brevis), Lactobacillus bulgaricus (L. bulgaricus), Lactobacillus casei (L.
- Lactobacillus delbrukki L. delbrueckii
- Lactobacillus plantarum L. plantarum Lactococcus lactis subsp.
- Lactis, Enterococcus faecium, and Enterococcus faecalis are at least one species selected from the group consisting of Enterococcus faecalis .
- the blood phosphorus level elevation inhibitor is in a form for oral administration.
- the blood phosphorus level elevation inhibitor is at least one form selected from the group consisting of soft capsules, hard capsules, and seamless capsules.
- the blood phosphorus level elevation inhibitor has acid resistance.
- the blood phosphorus level elevation inhibitor is enteric.
- it further comprises an oligosaccharide.
- the blood phosphorus concentration increase inhibitor of the present invention is highly safe and can be easily administered, and can suppress an increase in blood phosphorus concentration of dialysis patients, patients with renal dysfunction, and the like. Furthermore, since the blood phosphorus level increase inhibitor of the present invention contains lactic acid bacteria, it can also improve constipation.
- the blood phosphorus level increase inhibitor of the present invention contains lactic acid bacteria.
- “inhibition of increase in blood phosphorus concentration” means to decrease blood phosphorus concentration, or to suppress increase or increase rate of blood phosphorus concentration.
- Lactic acid bacteria are known to improve the intestinal environment and reduce intestinal spoilage products such as ammonia, indole and phenol.
- lactic acid bacteria examples include Bifidobacterium genus, Lactobacillus genus, Lactococcus genus, Pediococcus genus, Streptococcus genus, Enterococcus genus, Leuco Examples include microorganisms belonging to the genus Leuconostoc, Tetragenococcus, Oenococcus, and Weissella. These microorganisms may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, microorganisms belonging to the genus Bifidobacterium or Lactobacillus are preferably used.
- Examples of microorganisms belonging to the genus Bifidobacterium include Bifidobacterium bifidum, B. longum, and Bifidobacterium infantis (B. infantis), Bifidobacterium animalis, B. pseudolongum, B. iumdentium, Bifidobacterium angularum ( B. angulatum), Bifidobacterium asteroides (B. asteroides), Bifidobacterium boum (B. boum), Bifidobacterium catenulatum (B. catenulatum), Bifidobacterium coelinum (B. choerinum), Bifidobacterium coryneforme (B.
- coryneforme Biff B. cuniculi, B. gallicum, B. gallinarum, B. globosum, Bifidobacterium B. indicum, B. magnum, B. merycicum, B. minimum, Bifidobacterium pavloram (B. parvulorum), B. ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ pseudocatenulatum, B. pullorum, B. ruminale, Bifidobacterium ⁇ Luminantium (B. ruminantium), Bifidobacterium saeculeae (B. saeculare), Biffy Bacterium & Sabuchiru (B. subtile), Bifidobacterium Switzerland (B. suis), and Bifidobacterium thermophilum (B. thermophilum) and the like.
- Bifidobacterium bifidum preferably Bifidobacterium bifidum, B. longum, Bifidobacterium infantis (B. infantis), B. animalis, B. ⁇ pseudolongum, and B. dentium are used.
- Examples of the microorganism belonging to the genus Lactobacillus include, for example, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus amylovorus, Lactobacillus animalis, Lactobacillus brevis (L. brevis), Lactobacillus brevis subsp. gravesensis (L. brevis subsp. gravesensis), Lactobacillus buchneri (L. buchneri), Lactobacillus bulgaricus (L. bulgaricus), Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) ), Lactobacillus casei subspice casei (L. casei subsp. Casei), Lactobacillus casei subspice plantarum (L.
- Lactobacillus casei subsp. Plantarum Lactobacillus casei subspice tolerance (L. casei subsp) . Tolerans), Lactobacillus Cellobiosus (L. cellobiosus), Lactobacillus carvatus (L. curvatus), Lactobacillus del brueckii (L. delbrueckii), Lactobacillus del bruecki subspice bulgaricus (L. ⁇ L. delbrueckii subsp. Delbrueckii, L. ⁇ delbrueckii subsp. Lactis, L. divergens, Lactobacillus fermentum (L. fermentum), Lactobacillus fructosus (L.
- Lactobacillus gasseri Lactobacillus gasseri
- Lactobacillus hilgardii Lactobacillus kefir (L. leicnmannii)
- Lactobacillus paracasei Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. Osparacasei
- Lactobacillus pentosus Lactobacillus
- Lactobacillus plantarum L. plantarum
- Lactobacillus plantarum Reuteri L. reuteri
- Lactobacillus rhamnosus Lactobacillus sakei
- Lactobacillus sakei subspice sakei (L. sakei subsp. Sakei)
- Lactobacillus San Francisco (L . Sanfancisco)
- Lactobacillus baccinostrcus and Lactobacillus sp.
- Lactobacillus acidophilus preferably, Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. animalis, L. brevis, Lactobacillus bulgari L. bulgaricus, L. icasei, and L. eckdelbrueckii are used.
- Examples of microorganisms belonging to the genus Lactococcus include, for example, Lactococcus ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ lactis, Lactococcus lactis subspices Hordoniae, Lactococcus lactis subspices lactis (L. lactis subsp. Lactis), and L. raffinolactis.
- Lactococcus lactis and L. raffinolactis are preferably used.
- Enterococcus As microorganisms belonging to the genus Enterococcus (Enterococcus), for example, Enterococcus avium (Enterococcus usavium), Enterococcus casseliflavus (E. casseliflavus), Enterococcus cecolum (E. Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium), Enterococcus galinalum (E. gallinarum), Enterococcus hillae (E. hirae), Enterococcus malodreitas (E. malodoratus) E. mundtii), E.
- enterococcus faecalis and enterococcus faecium are preferably used.
- the blood phosphorus level elevation inhibitor of the present invention is preferably capable of administering 5 ⁇ 10 7 to 5 ⁇ 10 10 viable bacteria per day, more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 9 to 1 ⁇ 10 10 per day. Contained.
- the form of the blood phosphorus level increase inhibitor of the present invention is a soft capsule, a hard capsule, or a seamless capsule described in detail below
- the number of viable bacteria of lactic acid bacteria is preferably 2 ⁇ 10 9 to 5 per 1 g of the capsule. ⁇ 10 9 contained.
- the blood phosphorus level elevation inhibitor of the present invention may further contain an oligosaccharide.
- the lactic acid bacteria contained in the blood phosphorus level elevation inhibitor of the present invention are aided in growth and proliferation by oligosaccharides.
- the oligosaccharide used for the blood phosphorus level increase inhibitor of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include lactulose, raffinose, fructooligosaccharide, galactooligosaccharide, xylooligosaccharide, isomaltoligosaccharide, and manno-oligosaccharide.
- the oligosaccharide is preferably 50 to 1000 mg, based on 2 billion lactic acid bacteria contained in the blood phosphorus level increase inhibitor of the present invention. Preferably, it is contained in a proportion of 100 to 500 mg.
- the blood phosphorus level elevation inhibitor of the present invention may contain other components such as excipients, fragrances and solvents in addition to lactic acid bacteria and oligosaccharides.
- Such ingredients include vitamins (eg, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, pantothenic acid, folic acid, nicotinic acid, inositol, ⁇ -carotene, etc.)
- Amino acids eg, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, glutamic acid, etc.
- nucleic acids eg, nucleobases such as adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine, uracil; ribonucleosides such as adenosine, guanosine, cytidine, thymidine, uridine and the like
- vitamin C is contained in an amount of preferably 10 to 500 mg, more preferably 50 to 200 mg, per 2 billion lactic acid bacteria contained in the blood phosphorus level elevation inhibitor of the present invention.
- Vitamin E is contained in an amount of preferably 0.5 to 30 mg, more preferably 1.5 to 10 mg, based on 2 billion lactic acid bacteria contained in the blood phosphorus level elevation inhibitor of the present invention.
- ⁇ -carotene is preferably contained in an amount of 0.5 to 20 mg, more preferably 1 to 5 mg, per 2 billion lactic acid bacteria contained in the blood phosphorus level elevation inhibitor of the present invention.
- the blood phosphorus level increase inhibitor of the present invention contains lactic acid bacteria as an active ingredient
- the inhibitor containing lactic acid bacteria is preferably administered orally. In that case, it must pass through the stomach to reach the intestine where it can grow.
- the pH in the stomach is 1 to 3, and because of this extremely low pH, most of the lactic acid bacteria taken orally are killed. Lactic acid bacteria that reach the intestine while having proliferation ability are generally said to be 1 / 10,000 or less of the dose. Therefore, in order for the lactic acid bacteria in the blood phosphorus level increase inhibitor used in the present invention to reach the human intestine while remaining alive and proliferate in the intestine, the influence of gastric acid should be avoided as much as possible. is required.
- the blood phosphorus level elevation inhibitor is preferably in the form of an acid-resistant capsule preparation.
- the configuration, shape, and the like of the capsule preparation are not particularly limited as long as the capsule film is resistant to gastric acid.
- the capsule preparation include soft capsules, hard capsules, seamless capsules, and the like. That is, it is desirable that gastric acid enter the capsule and not come into contact with lactic acid bacteria.
- the capsule film may be a film that does not dissolve at pH 4 or less, preferably at pH 1 to 3. There is no particular limitation on the encapsulation method.
- the blood phosphorus level increase inhibitor is in the form of an enteric capsule preparation. That is, in gastric acid or acidic solution having a pH of 1 to 3, lactic acid bacteria, which are capsule inclusions, are blocked from the outside of the capsule by the capsule film, and intestinal fluid or weakly acidic (neutral) to weakly alkaline solution having a pH of 5 or more.
- enteric capsule preparation in gastric acid or acidic solution having a pH of 1 to 3, lactic acid bacteria, which are capsule inclusions, are blocked from the outside of the capsule by the capsule film, and intestinal fluid or weakly acidic (neutral) to weakly alkaline solution having a pH of 5 or more.
- a form in which the capsule opens or breaks and the lactic acid bacteria as the capsule inclusion comes into contact with the liquid outside the capsule is preferable.
- the lactic acid bacteria in the capsule may be in contact with the liquid outside the capsule, and the capsule film may or may not dissolve.
- the encapsulation method is not particularly limited.
- the shape of the capsule for imparting resistance to gastric acid is preferably a seamless capsule.
- the “seamless capsule” is a kind of soft capsule and refers to a capsule in which the contents are enclosed with a seamless film.
- the seamless capsule can have a multilayer structure of two or more layers, and preferably has a multilayer structure of three or more layers.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a seamless capsule preparation having a three-layer structure.
- the three-layer structure includes an innermost layer, an inner skin layer that covers the innermost layer, and an outer skin layer that covers the inner skin layer.
- the innermost layer is composed of lactic acid bacteria and a non-aqueous solvent or solid component for suspending / mixing the lactic acid bacteria (hereinafter, this component is referred to as the innermost layer substance).
- the material for the innermost layer examples include various fats and oils, fatty acids, fatty acid esters of sugar, aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, chain ethers, higher fatty acid esters, higher alcohols, and terpenes.
- margarine shortening, glycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, thin cargo oil, ⁇ -pinene, D-limonene, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
- These innermost layer materials can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
- the material for the endothelial layer among the above-mentioned substances for the innermost layer, a substance having a melting point of 20 ° C. to 50 ° C. and different from the innermost layer is used. More preferably, a substance that is solid at room temperature is used. This endothelium layer can act to inhibit moisture and oxygen permeation and prevent contact with stomach acid.
- the substance to be selected can be determined in consideration of the storage period of the capsule.
- the material of the outer skin layer includes a mixture of protein and water-soluble polyhydric alcohol, a mixture of protein, water-soluble polyhydric alcohol and polysaccharide, and polysaccharide and water-soluble polyvalent alcohol. Examples thereof include a mixture with alcohol. Examples of proteins include gelatin and collagen. Examples of the water-soluble polyhydric alcohol include sorbitol, mannitol, glycerin, propylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol.
- Polysaccharides include agar, gellan gum, xanthan gum, locust bean gum, pectin, alginate, carrageenan, gum arabic, dextrin, modified dextrin, starch, modified starch, pullulan, pectin, and carboxymethylcellulose salt.
- pectin, alginate, gellan gum, or carrageenan an alkali metal salt, an alkaline earth metal salt, or the like may be added as appropriate.
- Preparation of the above three-layered seamless capsule preparation is performed by a technique well known to those skilled in the art, for example, a dropping method using a triple nozzle described in Japanese Patent No. 1398836.
- the formed capsule is then dried.
- a drying method for example, normal temperature ventilation drying is performed.
- the drying is generally performed by, for example, drying at 5 ° C. to 30 ° C. air.
- the drying time is preferably 2 to 12 hours.
- vacuum drying or vacuum freeze drying may be performed.
- an acid-resistant outer skin layer is formed, or the formed seamless capsule film (outermost layer) is treated to be acid-resistant.
- gelatin having a gelling ability, agar, carrageenan and the like are used in an amount of 100 parts by mass, and pectin, alginate, gum arabic and the like are 0.01 to 20 parts by mass, preferably 0. And a method of adding 1 to 10 parts by mass.
- Examples of the method for imparting acid resistance to the formed seamless capsule film (outermost layer) include a crosslinking treatment of the outer skin layer (outermost layer) of the seamless capsule and a coating treatment of the surface of the seamless capsule. These treatments are preferably performed alone or in combination.
- crosslinking agent conventionally known crosslinking agents can be used. For example, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, cinnamaldehyde, vanillyl aldehyde, acetone, ethyl methyl ketone, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, potassium Alum and ammonium alum.
- 1 part by mass of a seamless capsule is added to 50 to 100 parts by mass of an aqueous solution containing 0.1 to 2 w / v%, preferably 0.5 to 2 w / v% of a crosslinking agent, and stirred for 10 to 300 seconds.
- the outer skin layer is processed.
- the usage-amount of a crosslinking agent and the time to act vary with crosslinking agents.
- cross-linking treatment of the outer skin layer containing the protein cross-linking by an enzyme treatment using transglutaminase may be performed.
- 1 part by mass of the produced seamless capsule is added to 50 to 100 parts by mass of an aqueous solution containing 0.1 to 10 w / v%, preferably 0.5 to 2 w / v% of enzyme, and stirred for 1 to 300 minutes.
- the outer skin layer is treated, washed with water and dried in the same manner as described above.
- the resulting wet seamless capsule is dried, and then shellac, ethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulose TC-5, vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer, zein, ethylene Based on wax, etc., using castor oil, rapeseed oil, dibutyl phthalate, polyethylene glycol, glycerin, stearic acid, fatty acid ester, sorbitan palmitate, polyoxyethylene stearate, acetylated monoglyceride, etc. as a plasticizer, according to conventional methods Coating seamless capsules.
- the capsule is protected from an acidic solution (for example, stomach acid) in the stomach by imparting enteric properties to the capsule, thereby protecting the lactic acid bacteria in the capsule from an acidic solution (for example, stomach acid) in the stomach.
- Entericity is generally imparted by those skilled in the art by producing enteric capsules.
- an enteric coating can be obtained by using a mixture containing gelatin and pectin as the outer skin layer material of the seamless capsule.
- the shape of the seamless capsule formulation can be spherical.
- the average particle diameter of the seamless capsule is 0.3 to 10 mm, preferably 1.5 to 8 mm.
- the thus obtained seamless capsule preparation can be stored for 6 months or more while retaining the activity of lactic acid bacteria at room temperature, and when stored at 10 ° C. or lower, it can be stored for a long period of 1 year or longer. is there.
- the soft capsule preparation contains a suspension of lactic acid bacteria in a non-aqueous solvent and is contained in a film sheet.
- the material of the film sheet is the same as the material of the skin layer of the seamless capsule.
- Soft capsule preparation can be prepared by a known technique, for example, a method described in Japanese Patent No. 2999535.
- the coating sheet can be heat sealed through a mold and encapsulated while injecting and filling the contents.
- oil obtained as a release agent is removed from the obtained soft capsule by washing with a polar solvent (for example, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol).
- a polar solvent for example, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol.
- the crosslinking treatment and the coating treatment may be performed in combination, or any one of the treatments may be performed to make it acid resistant.
- the soft capsule formulation can have a spherical, elliptical, or rectangular structure.
- the soft capsule preferably has a major axis of 3 to 16 mm and a minor axis of 2 to 10 mm, more preferably a major axis of 5 to 7 mm and a minor axis of 2 to 4 mm.
- the soft capsule preparation thus obtained can be stored for 6 months or longer while retaining the activity of lactic acid bacteria at room temperature, and can be stored for a long period of 1 year or longer when stored at 10 ° C. or lower. .
- Hard capsule formulation A hard capsule formulation can be produced by pre-molding a capsule film into a body and a cap, filling the contents into the capsule body, and then combining the capsule cap.
- hard capsule materials include gelatin, cellulose, pullulan, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, carrageenan, and cellulose derivatives.
- Hard capsules can be molded by methods commonly used by those skilled in the art.
- the molded capsule may be a commercially available capsule.
- the contents can be a mixture of lactic acid bacteria well mixed with an excipient (for example, anhydrous silicic acid, synthetic aluminum silicate, lactose, corn starch, crystalline cellulose), or a powder containing dry powder of lactic acid bacteria.
- the contents After the contents are placed in a capsule, they can be coated.
- the coating is applied with the materials and methods described for the seamless capsule skin layer, thereby imparting acid resistance and preferably disintegration (enteric) in the intestine. This coating may also serve to seal the capsule membrane and seal the contents.
- the hard capsule preparation thus obtained can be stored for 6 months or longer while retaining the activity of lactic acid bacteria at room temperature, and can be stored for a long period of 1 year or longer when stored at 10 ° C. or lower. .
- Example 1 As will be described below, bifidobacteria-containing seamless capsules were prepared using a capsule manufacturing apparatus equipped with concentric triple nozzles.
- bifidobacterial powder (Bifidobacterium longum, subspecies longum JCM1217) is dispersed in hardened oil obtained by melting 400 g of hydrogenated palm kernel oil having a melting point of 34 ° C., and this dispersion is dispersed in the inner nozzle of a concentric triple nozzle.
- a hardened oil obtained by melting hydrogenated palm kernel oil having a melting point of 43 ° C., and further from the outermost nozzle a gelatin solution (600 g gelatin, 300 g glycerin, and 100 g pectin dissolved in 4 kg purified water) ) was simultaneously discharged into rapeseed oil, which is a fluid carrier flowing under cooling (15 ° C.), to prepare a bifidobacteria-containing seamless capsule having a diameter of 2.0 mm (seamless capsule 0. 2 billion bifidobacteria per 2 g).
- Blood samples were collected before ingestion, 1 week after ingestion, 3 weeks after ingestion, and 4 weeks after ingestion of seamless capsules containing bifidobacteria, and using molybdenum Phospha C-Test Wako (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)
- the blood phosphorus concentration was measured by the blue method.
- Tables 1 and 2 show the measurement results of blood phosphorus concentration in each patient. Furthermore, Table 3 shows the measurement results of the blood phosphorus concentration of 11 patients (control group) who have not been ingested with any of the bifidobacteria-containing seamless capsules and other blood phosphorus concentration lowering agents.
- Example 1 In the control group, the blood phosphorus concentration after the test was significantly higher than that before the test (corresponding T test: p ⁇ 0.01). However, no significant increase was observed in the test group. Therefore, it can be seen that the bifidobacteria-containing seamless capsule obtained in Example 1 significantly suppresses an increase in blood phosphorus concentration.
- Example 2 A soft capsule content solution was prepared by suspending 50 g of bifidobacteria powder (Bifidobacterium longum, subspecies longum JCM1217) in 300 g of rapeseed oil. Next, 400 g of gelatin and 100 g of glycerin were added to 200 g of distilled water, dissolved by stirring at 60 ° C., and molded into a sheet to obtain a gelatin film. Next, this gelatin film was sent between a pair of rotating cylindrical molds, and a soft capsule was prepared by ejecting the content liquid between the gelatin films with a pump interlocked with the mold (2 billion per soft capsule). Individual bifidobacteria).
- the prepared bifidobacteria-containing soft capsules were ingested by 30 dialysis patients per capsule for 4 weeks per day.
- the intake conditions were the same as in Example 1, and the patient was not allowed to take other blood phosphorus level lowering agents.
- the diet is taught by a dietitian, but not all patients eat the same meal.
- the average blood phosphorus concentration before the start of the test of 15 patients (control group) who did not take any of the bifidobacteria-containing soft capsules and other blood phosphorus level lowering agents was about 7.10 mg / dL, for 4 weeks of the test.
- the later average blood phosphorus concentration was about 8.30 mg / dL (the increase in the average blood phosphorus concentration in the control group was 1.21 mg / dL).
- Example 3 The soft capsule obtained in Example 2 was coated according to the method described in JP-A-2003-230363.
- an immersion liquid containing 20 parts by mass of shellac, 2 parts by mass of triethyl citrate, and 78 parts by mass of ethanol was prepared.
- the soft capsule obtained in Example 2 was immersed in the prepared immersion liquid, and then air-dried at about 15 to 20 ° C. so as not to impair the viable count of bifidobacteria. This soaking and drying treatment was repeated three times to prepare shellac-coated bifidobacteria-containing soft capsules (enteric bifidobacteria-containing soft capsules).
- the prepared enteric bifidobacteria-containing soft capsules were ingested by 30 dialysis patients per day under the same intake conditions as in Example 1. Blood was collected before and 4 weeks after ingestion of the enteric bifidobacteria-containing soft capsule, and the blood phosphorus concentration was measured. The results are shown in Table 5.
- the mean blood phosphorus concentration before the start of the test in 15 patients (control group) who did not take any of the enteric bifidobacteria-containing soft capsules and other blood phosphorus level lowering agents was about 6.86 mg / dL, the test
- the average blood phosphorus concentration after 4 weeks was about 8.02 mg / dL (the average blood phosphorus concentration increase in the control group was 1.15 mg / dL).
- the enteric bifidobacteria-containing soft capsule obtained in Example 3 significantly suppresses an increase in blood phosphorus concentration.
- Example 4 Bifidobacteria powdered hard capsules filled with Bifidobacteria powder are placed into a pharmacopoeia No. 5 hard capsule so that there are 2 billion bifidobacteria (Bifidobacterium longum, subspecies longum JCM1217) per hard capsule. was prepared.
- the prepared enteric bifidobacteria-containing hard capsules were ingested by 30 dialysis patients per day under the same intake conditions as in Example 1. Blood was collected before and 4 weeks after ingestion of the hard capsules containing enteric bifidobacteria, and the blood phosphorus concentration was measured. The results are shown in Table 6.
- the mean blood phosphorus concentration before the start of the test in 15 patients (control group) who did not take either enteric bifidobacteria-containing hard capsules or other blood phosphorus level-lowering agents was about 7.02 mg / dL.
- the average blood phosphorus concentration after 4 weeks was about 8.01 mg / dL (the increase in the average blood phosphorus concentration in the control group was 0.99 mg / dL).
- Example 5 Except for using a dead Bifidobacterium powder obtained by treating 100 g of Bifidobacterium powder (Bifidobacterium longum, Subspecies Longum JCM1217) in a 500 W microwave oven for 10 minutes, Example 1 and By the same procedure, Bifidobacterium-containing seamless capsules were prepared.
- the prepared dead bifidobacteria-containing seamless capsule was ingested by 30 dialysis patients per day under the same intake conditions as in Example 1. Blood was collected before and 4 weeks after the ingestion of the dead bifidobacteria-containing seamless capsule, and the blood phosphorus concentration was measured. The results are shown in Table 7.
- the average blood phosphorus concentration before the start of the test in 15 patients (control group) who did not take any of the killed bifidobacteria-containing seamless capsules or other blood phosphorus level lowering agents was about 7.19 mg / dL, the test
- the average blood phosphorus concentration after 4 weeks was about 8.55 mg / dL (the increase in the average blood phosphorus concentration in the control group was 1.36 mg / dL).
- Example 6 Without encapsulating the bifidobacteria used in Example 1 (Bifidobacterium longum subspices longum JCM1217) in a capsule, 30 people in the state of Bifidobacteria powder so as to be 2 billion per day. Dialysis patients were ingested for 4 weeks. The intake conditions were the same as in Example 1, and the patient was not allowed to take other blood phosphorus level lowering agents. The diet is taught by a dietitian, but not all patients eat the same meal. Blood was collected before and 4 weeks after ingestion of Bifidobacterium powder, and the blood phosphorus concentration was measured. The results are shown in Table 8.
- the mean blood phosphorus concentration before the start of the test of 15 patients (control group) who did not take any of the Bifidobacterium powder and other blood phosphorus level lowering agents was about 6.75 mg / dL, 4 weeks after the test
- the mean blood phosphorus concentration was about 7.97 mg / dL (the increase in the mean blood phosphorus concentration in the control group was 1.21 mg / dL).
- Example 7 The same procedure as in Example 1 was used except that Bifidobacterium powder (Bifidobacterium bifidum JCM1255) was used instead of Bifidobacterium powder (Bifidobacterium longum subspecies Longum JCM1217). A fungus-containing seamless capsule was prepared.
- the prepared bifidobacteria-containing seamless capsules were ingested by 20 dialysis patients per day under the same ingestion conditions as in Example 1. Blood was collected before and 4 weeks after the ingestion of the bifidobacteria-containing seamless capsule, and the blood phosphorus concentration was measured. The results are shown in Table 9.
- the mean blood phosphorus concentration before the start of the test of 15 patients (control group) who did not take any of the Bifidobacterium powder and other blood phosphorus level lowering agents was about 6.75 mg / dL, 4 weeks after the test
- the mean blood phosphorus concentration was about 7.97 mg / dL (the increase in the mean blood phosphorus concentration in the control group was 1.21 mg / dL).
- Example 7 In the control group, the blood phosphorus concentration after the test was significantly higher than that before the test (corresponding T test: p ⁇ 0.01). However, no significant increase was observed in the test group. Therefore, it can be seen that the bifidobacteria-containing seamless capsule obtained in Example 7 significantly suppresses an increase in blood phosphorus concentration.
- Example 8 A lactic acid bacteria-containing seamless capsule was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that lactic acid bacteria powder (Lactobacillus acidophilus JCM1132) was used instead of Bifidobacterium powder (Bifidobacterium longum, Subspecies longum JCM1217). was prepared.
- lactic acid bacteria powder Lactobacillus acidophilus JCM1132
- Bifidobacterium powder Bifidobacterium longum, Subspecies longum JCM1217
- the prepared lactic acid bacteria-containing seamless capsule was ingested by 20 dialysis patients at a daily rate of 0.2 g under the same ingestion conditions as in Example 1. Blood was collected before ingestion and 4 weeks after ingestion of the seamless capsule containing lactic acid bacteria, and the blood phosphorus concentration was measured. The results are shown in Table 10.
- the average blood phosphorus concentration before the start of the test of 15 patients (control group) who did not take either lactic acid bacteria powder or other blood phosphorus level lowering agents was about 6.75 mg / dL, 4 weeks after the test.
- the average blood phosphorus concentration was about 7.97 mg / dL (the increase in the average blood phosphorus concentration in the control group was 1.21 mg / dL).
- Example 8 In the control group, the blood phosphorus concentration after the test was significantly higher than that before the test (corresponding T test: p ⁇ 0.01). However, no significant increase was observed in the test group. Therefore, it can be seen that the lactic acid bacteria-containing seamless capsule obtained in Example 8 significantly suppresses an increase in blood phosphorus concentration.
- Bifidobacterium powder Bifidobacterium longum sub-species Longum JCM12157
- Bifidobacterium powder Bifidobacterium bifidum JCM1255: Example 9
- Bifidobacterium powder Bifidobacterium animalis JCM10602: Example 10
- Bifidobacterium powder Bifidobacterium infantis JCM7007: Example 11
- Bifidobacterium powder Bifidobacterium dentium JCM1195: Example 12
- Lactobacillus powder Lactobacillus powder
- Lactobacillus powder Lactobacillus powder
- Lactobacillus powder Lactobacillus powder
- Lactobacillus powder Lactobacillus powder
- Lactobacillus powder Lactobacillus powder
- Lactobacillus powder Lactobacillus powder
- Lactobacillus powder Lactobacillus powder
- Lactobacillus powder Lactobacillus powder
- the prepared bifidobacteria or lactic acid bacteria-containing seamless capsules were ingested by 20 dialysis patients per day under the same ingestion conditions as in Example 1. Blood was collected before ingestion and 4 weeks after ingestion of seamless capsules containing bifidobacteria or lactic acid bacteria, and blood phosphorus concentration was measured. The results are shown in Table 11.
- the mean blood phosphorus concentration before the start of the test in 15 patients (control group) who did not take any of bifidobacteria or lactic acid bacteria and other blood phosphorus level lowering agents was about 6.48 mg / dL, for 4 weeks in the test.
- the later mean blood phosphorus concentration was about 7.59 mg / dL (the mean blood phosphorus concentration increase in the control group was 1.32 mg / dL).
- lactic acid bacteria have an effect of suppressing an increase in blood phosphorus concentration. Furthermore, it is found that when lactic acid bacteria are ingested in the form of enteric capsules, the increase in blood phosphorus concentration is remarkably suppressed.
- the blood phosphorus level increase inhibitor of the present invention is highly safe and can be easily administered, and can sufficiently suppress an increase in blood phosphorus level. Therefore, the blood phosphorus level increase inhibitor of the present invention is useful as a food or supplement that can suppress the increase in blood phosphorus level of dialysis patients, patients with renal dysfunction, and the like.
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Abstract
Description
胃酸に対して耐性を付与するためのカプセルの形状としては、好ましくは、シームレスカプセルが挙げられる。「シームレスカプセル」とは、ソフトカプセルの一種であり、継ぎ目のない皮膜で内容物を封入する形態のカプセルをいう。シームレスカプセルは、二層以上の多層構造が可能であり、三層またはそれ以上の多層構造を有することが好ましい。
ソフトカプセル製剤は、シームレスカプセル製剤の場合と同様、非水性溶媒中への乳酸菌の懸濁液を内容物とし、皮膜シートで包含したものである。皮膜シートの材料は、シームレスカプセルの外皮層の材料と同様である。
ハードカプセル製剤は、カプセル皮膜を予めボディとキャップとに成型し、内容物をカプセルボディに充填し、次いでカプセルキャップを組み合わせることにより、製造され得る。ハードカプセルの材料としては、ゼラチン、セルロース、プルラン、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、カラギーナン、セルロース誘導体などが挙げられる。ハードカプセルの成型は、当業者が通常用いる方法で行われ得る。成型カプセルは、市販のカプセルであってもよい。内容物は乳酸菌を賦型剤(例えば、無水ケイ酸、合成ケイ酸アルミニウム、乳糖、コーンスターチ、結晶セルロース)とよく混合させたもの、あるいは、乳酸菌の乾燥菌末を含有する粉体であり得る。内容物をカプセル内に入れた後、コーティングされ得る。このコーティングには、シームレスカプセルの外皮層で説明した材料および方法が適用され、それにより耐酸性および好ましくは腸における崩壊性(腸溶性)が付与される。このコーティングは、カプセル皮膜をシールして内容物を密封する役割も有し得る。
以下に説明するように、同心三重ノズルを備えたカプセル製造装置を用いて、ビフィズス菌含有シームレスカプセルを調製した。
ビフィズス菌末(ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム・サブスピーシーズ・ロンガムJCM1217)50gをナタネ油300gに懸濁させて、ソフトカプセルの内容液を調製した。次いで、ゼラチン400gおよびグリセリン100gを、200gの蒸留水に加えて60℃で撹拌して溶解させ、これをシート状に成型することによりゼラチン膜を得た。次いで、このゼラチン膜を、一対の回転円筒型金型の間に送り、これと連動するポンプで内容液をゼラチン膜間に噴出することにより、ソフトカプセルを調製した(ソフトカプセル1個あたりに、20億個のビフィズス菌を含有)。
実施例2で得られたソフトカプセルを、特開2003-230363号公報に記載の方法に準じてコーティングした。
1個のハードカプセルにつきビフィズス菌(ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム・サブスピーシーズ・ロンガムJCM1217)が20億個となるように、市販の局方5号のハードカプセルにビフィズス菌末を充填し、ビフィズス菌含有ハードカプセルを調製した。
ビフィズス菌末(ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム・サブスピーシーズ・ロンガムJCM1217)100gを500Wの電子レンジで10分間処理することによって得られた、死滅したビフィズス菌末を使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で、ビフィズス菌含有シームレスカプセルを調製した。
実施例1で用いたビフィズス菌(ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム・サブスピーシーズ・ロンガムJCM1217)をカプセルに封入せずに、1日につき20億個となるように、ビフィズス菌末の状態で30人の透析患者に4週間にわたって摂取させた。摂取条件は実施例1と同様であり、患者には、他の血中リン濃度低下剤を服用させなかった。なお、食事は栄養士が指導しているが、全ての患者が同一の食事を取っているわけではない。ビフィズス菌末の摂取前および摂取4週間後に採血し、血中リン濃度を測定した。結果を表8に示す。
ビフィズス菌末(ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム・サブスピーシーズ・ロンガムJCM1217)の代わりに、ビフィズス菌末(ビフィドバクテリウム・ビフィダムJCM1255)を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で、ビフィズス菌含有シームレスカプセルを調製した。
ビフィズス菌末(ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム・サブスピーシーズ・ロンガムJCM1217)の代わりに、乳酸菌末(ラクトバチルス・アシドフィルスJCM1132)を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で、乳酸菌含有シームレスカプセルを調製した。
ビフィズス菌末(ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム・サブスピーシーズ・ロンガムJCM1217)の代わりに、ビフィズス菌末(ビフィドバクテリウム・ビフィダムJCM1255:実施例9)、ビフィズス菌末(ビフィドバクテリウム・アニマリスJCM10602:実施例10)、ビフィズス菌末(ビフィドバクテリウム・インファンティスJCM7007:実施例11)、ビフィズス菌末(ビフィドバクテリウム・デンティウムJCM1195:実施例12)、乳酸菌末(ラクトバチルス・カゼイJCM1134:実施例13)、乳酸菌末(ラクトバチルス・プランタラムJCM11125:実施例14)、乳酸菌末(ラクトコッカス・ラクティス・サブスピーシーズ・ラクティスJCM7638:実施例15)、乳酸菌末(エンテロコッカス・フェシウムJCM5804:実施例16)、および乳酸菌末(エンテロコッカス・フェーカリスJCM5803:実施例17)をそれぞれ用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で、ビフィズス菌または乳酸菌含有シームレスカプセルを調製した。
Claims (8)
- 乳酸菌を有効成分とする、血中リン濃度上昇抑制剤。
- 前記乳酸菌が、ビフィドバクテリウム属、ラクトバチルス属、ラクトコッカス属、およびエンテロコッカス属からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項1に記載の血中リン濃度上昇抑制剤。
- 前記乳酸菌が、ビフィドバクテリウム・ビフィダム(Bifidobacterium bifidum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム(B. longum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・インファンティス(B. infantis)、ビフィドバクテリウム・アニマリス(B. animalis)、ビフィドバクテリウム・シュードロンガム(B. pseudolongum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・デンティウム(B. dentium)、ラクトバチルス・アシドフィルス(Lactobacillus acidophilus)、ラクトバチルス・アニマリス(L. animalis)、ラクトバチルス・ブレビス(L. brevis)、ラクトバチルス・ブルガリクス(L. bulgaricus)、ラクトバチルス・カゼイ(L. casei)、ラクトバチルス・デルブルッキ(L. delbrueckii)、ラクトバチルス・プランタラム(L. plantarum)、ラクトコッカス・ラクティス・サブスピーシーズ・ラクティス(Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis)、エンテロコッカス・フェシウム(Enterococcus faecium)、およびエンテロコッカス・フェーカリス(Enterococcus faecalis)からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項1または2に記載の血中リン濃度上昇抑制剤。
- 経口投与用の形態である、請求項1から3のいずれかの項に記載の血中リン濃度上昇抑制剤。
- ソフトカプセル、ハードカプセル、およびシームレスカプセルからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の形態である、請求項4に記載の血中リン濃度上昇抑制剤。
- 耐酸性を有する、請求項4または5に記載の血中リン濃度上昇抑制剤。
- 腸溶性である、請求項4または5に記載の血中リン濃度上昇抑制剤。
- さらに、オリゴ糖を含有する、請求項1から7のいずれかの項に記載の血中リン濃度上昇抑制剤。
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BRPI0909692-2A BRPI0909692A2 (ja) | 2008-03-19 | 2009-03-02 | The phosphorus concentration rise depressant in blood |
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EP09721660.0A EP2281567B1 (en) | 2008-03-19 | 2009-03-02 | Inhibitor for blood phosphorus level elevation |
US12/919,344 US20110002902A1 (en) | 2008-03-19 | 2009-03-02 | Inhibitor for blood phosphorus level elevation |
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Cited By (7)
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WO2012090623A1 (ja) * | 2010-12-28 | 2012-07-05 | 日清ファルマ株式会社 | ビフィズス菌大腸デリバリーカプセル及びその製造方法 |
JP2012149032A (ja) * | 2010-12-28 | 2012-08-09 | Freund Corp | ビフィズス菌大腸デリバリーカプセル及びその製造方法 |
CN103327990A (zh) * | 2010-12-28 | 2013-09-25 | 日清药业股份有限公司 | 双歧杆菌大肠递送胶囊及其制造方法 |
US11123385B2 (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2021-09-21 | Korea Food Research Institute | Pharmaceutical composition and healthy food composition with Lactobacillus sp. KCCM 11826P for preventing or treating hyperphosphatemia in chronic kidney disease |
WO2021177432A1 (ja) * | 2020-03-06 | 2021-09-10 | 学校法人 麻布獣医学園 | 乳酸菌含有組成物 |
CN115243567A (zh) * | 2020-03-06 | 2022-10-25 | 学校法人麻布兽医学园 | 含有乳酸菌的组合物 |
JP7515153B2 (ja) | 2020-03-06 | 2024-07-12 | 学校法人麻布獣医学園 | 乳酸菌含有組成物 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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TW200944216A (en) | 2009-11-01 |
ES2443293T3 (es) | 2014-02-18 |
KR20100126521A (ko) | 2010-12-01 |
CN101977615B (zh) | 2012-11-21 |
JP5487379B2 (ja) | 2014-05-07 |
KR101657066B1 (ko) | 2016-09-13 |
CA2716676C (en) | 2016-12-13 |
US20110002902A1 (en) | 2011-01-06 |
US20130089531A1 (en) | 2013-04-11 |
EP2281567A1 (en) | 2011-02-09 |
EP2281567B1 (en) | 2013-12-04 |
BRPI0909692A2 (ja) | 2018-06-26 |
EP2281567A4 (en) | 2012-04-11 |
CN101977615A (zh) | 2011-02-16 |
TWI489987B (zh) | 2015-07-01 |
US9056122B2 (en) | 2015-06-16 |
JPWO2009116382A1 (ja) | 2011-08-04 |
JP2011148703A (ja) | 2011-08-04 |
CA2716676A1 (en) | 2009-09-24 |
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