WO2009102058A1 - ハイブリッド電気自動車 - Google Patents
ハイブリッド電気自動車 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009102058A1 WO2009102058A1 PCT/JP2009/052546 JP2009052546W WO2009102058A1 WO 2009102058 A1 WO2009102058 A1 WO 2009102058A1 JP 2009052546 W JP2009052546 W JP 2009052546W WO 2009102058 A1 WO2009102058 A1 WO 2009102058A1
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- liquid fuel
- rotation
- vehicle
- engine
- drive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
- B60K6/52—Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
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- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
- B60K17/356—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having fluid or electric motor, for driving one or more wheels
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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- B60K6/448—Electrical distribution type
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- B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
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- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
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- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
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- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
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- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hybrid electric vehicle, and more particularly to a four-wheel drive hybrid electric vehicle in which left and right front wheels are driven by a liquid fuel engine and left and right rear wheels are driven by a switched reluctance motor.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-33587 filed in Japan on February 14, 2008 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-45928 filed in Japan on February 27, 2008. Is hereby incorporated by reference.
- the driving force of the AC motor is transmitted to the differential gear of the rear wheel via the speed reducer and the electromagnetic clutch, and is transmitted to the left and right rear wheels by this differential gear.
- the driving force of the AC motor is distributed.
- mechanical parts such as a differential gear and an electromagnetic clutch, and it is difficult to reduce fuel consumption due to the weight of the mechanical parts. Therefore, further improvement in fuel consumption is demanded by reducing the weight of the mechanical parts.
- a switched reluctance motor (hereinafter referred to as “SR motor”) is directly disposed in the left and right rear wheels without using a differential gear or an electromagnetic clutch, and the output shaft of the SR motor is fixed to the wheel.
- SR motor switched reluctance motor
- a structure has been proposed in which a driving force of an SR motor is transmitted to a wheel via a brake disk and connected to a brake disk to drive left and right rear wheels (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- an automobile generally transmits rotation of an engine shaft, which is an output part of a liquid fuel engine, to wheels, and travels by rotation of the wheels.
- the engine shaft is rotated by the transmission in order to correspond to a traveling mode such as starting a vehicle on an uphill that is traveling at low speed and high torque, or traveling on an expressway that is traveling at high speed and low torque. It is decelerated or accelerated (shifted) and transmitted to the wheels. That is, the vehicle travels by rotating the drive shaft by rotating the engine shaft that has been decelerated or accelerated, and by rotating the wheels connected to the drive shaft. In particular, in order to start the vehicle from a stopped state, it is necessary to rotate the wheels with a large torque. Therefore, the transmission needs a mechanism for greatly reducing the rotation of the engine shaft.
- FIG. 7 shows an example of a transmission attached to a liquid fuel engine of an automobile.
- the figure shows the internal structure of a vehicle that is mounted on an automobile (so-called FF vehicle) in which a liquid fuel engine is disposed in front of the vehicle and drives left and right front wheels.
- An engine shaft 30 of a liquid fuel engine is inserted into the transmission 3 and is rotatably arranged inside the transmission 3.
- the engine shaft 30 inserted into the transmission 3 includes a reverse drive gear 32a and a first drive gear in order from the side closer to the liquid fuel engine (right side of the drawing) to the side farther from the liquid fuel engine (left side of the drawing).
- 33a, the second drive gear 34a, the third drive gear 35a, and the fourth drive gear 36a are integrally formed.
- the number of teeth z1 of the first drive gear 33a is the smallest, the number of teeth z2 of the second drive gear 34a, and the number of teeth of the third drive gear 35a.
- the number of teeth is set to increase in the order of the number z3 and the number of teeth z4 of the fourth drive gear 36a.
- a main shaft 31 as a driven shaft is rotatably disposed inside the transmission 3 like the engine shaft 30 at a position parallel to the engine shaft 30 as the main driving shaft.
- the main shaft 31 includes a final drive gear 37a, a reverse driven gear 32b, a first driven gear 33b, a second driven gear 37a in order from the side closer to the liquid fuel engine (right side of the drawing) to the side farther from the liquid fuel engine (left side of the drawing).
- the driven gear 34b, the third driven gear 35b, and the fourth driven gear 36b are provided.
- the final drive gear 37a and the reverse driven gear 32b are integrally formed with the main shaft 31.
- concave serrations 31a extending in the axial direction are formed on the surface at equal pitches in the circumferential direction.
- the first driven gear 33b, the second driven gear 34b, the third driven gear 35b, and the fourth driven gear 36b are movable in the axial direction along the above-described recess shape of the main shaft 31, and the circumference of these gears Movement in the direction is blocked by the main shaft 31. Further, the axial movement of the first to fourth driven shafts (32b to 36b) is controlled by a command from the vehicle.
- the number of teeth Z1 of the first driven gear 33b is the largest, the number of teeth Z2 of the second driven gear 34b, the number of teeth Z3 of the third driven gear 35b, The number of teeth is set to be smaller in the order of the number of teeth Z4 of the driven gear 36b.
- the first driven gear 33b is set to mesh with the first drive gear 33a, and the first drive gear 33a and the first drive gear 33b are meshed to form a first gear pair 33.
- the second driven gear 34b is set so as to mesh with the second drive gear 34a, and the second drive gear 34a and the second drive gear 34b mesh with each other to form a second gear pair 34.
- the third driven gear 35b is set so as to mesh with the third drive gear 35a, and the third drive gear 35a and the second drive gear 35b mesh with each other to form a third gear pair 35.
- the driven gear 36b is set so as to mesh with the fourth drive gear 36a, and the fourth drive gear 36a and the second drive gear 36b mesh with each other to form a fourth gear pair 36.
- the first to fourth driven gears (33b to 36b) are moved in the axial direction of the main shaft 31 in response to a command from the vehicle. In this movement, the first to fourth gears are moved.
- the gear ratio r1 of the first gear pair is Z1 / z1
- the gear ratio r2 of the second gear pair is Z2 / z2
- the gear ratio r3 of the third gear pair is Z3 / z3.
- the gear ratio r4 of the fourth gear pair is Z4 / z4.
- a drive shaft 39 is rotatably disposed on the transmission 3 in the same manner as the main shaft 31 at a position parallel to the main shaft 31, and the right front wheel drive shaft 39a is disposed in the transmission 3 in one direction (right direction on the page).
- the left front wheel drive shaft 39b protrudes from the transmission 3 in the other direction (left rear 9 in the drawing).
- a differential gear 38 is provided at the axial center of the drive shaft 39 inside the transmission 3.
- a final driven gear 37 b is connected to the outer periphery of the differential gear 38.
- the final driven gear 37b is set to mesh with a final drive gear 37a integrally formed with the main shaft 31, and a final gear pair 37 is formed by the final drive gear 37a and the final drive gear 37b.
- the number of teeth of the final drive gear 37a is set to zf
- the number of teeth of the final driven gear 37b is set to Zf
- the reduction ratio rf of the final gear pair 37 is Zf / zf.
- the reduction ratio rf is set to about 3 to about 6.
- the rotation of the engine shaft 30 is decelerated by the final gear pair 37 after being shifted by one selected gear pair among the first to fourth gear pairs (33 to 36),
- the gear ratio R1 is selected in the case of starting from a stop where low speed and high torque are required.
- the transmission ratio R1 is set to about 11 to 15, the transmission ratio R2 is set to about 6 to 9, the transmission ratio R3 is about 4 to 7, and the transmission ratio R4 is set to about 3 to 5. .
- the reverse drive gear 32a is integrally formed with the engine shaft 30 at the end of the engine shaft 30 inside the transmission 3 that is closer to the liquid fuel engine 2 (right side of the drawing).
- a reverse driven gear 32 b is integrally formed with the main shaft 31 on the main shaft 31.
- the reverse driven gear 32b is disposed at the same position in the axial direction as the reverse drive gear 32a, the reverse drive gear 32a and the reverse driven gear 32b are not directly meshed with each other.
- the transmission 3 includes a reverse idle gear 32c that can move in the axial direction of the engine shaft 30 and the main shaft 31 that are arranged in parallel.
- the reverse idle gear 32c is set to mesh with both the reverse drive gear 32a and the reverse driven gear 32b.
- the reverse idle gear 32c is disposed at a position where it does not mesh with both the reverse drive gear 32a and the reverse driven gear 32b, and in the axial direction by a command for moving the vehicle backward from the vehicle. And is disposed at a position where it meshes with both the reverse drive gear 32a and the reverse driven gear 32b.
- the reverse idle gear 32c meshes with both the reverse drive gear 32a and the reverse driven gear 32b, the rotation of the reverse drive gear 32a is transmitted to the reverse driven gear 32b via the reverse idle gear 32c, and the reverse driven gear 32b rotates.
- the rotations of the first to fourth drive gears (33a to 36a) described above are directly transmitted to the first to fourth driven gears (33b to 36b), whereas the first to fourth drive gears ( Similarly to 33a to 36a), the rotation of the reverse drive gear 32a formed integrally with the engine shaft 30 is transmitted to the reverse driven gear 32b via the reverse idle gear 33c. Therefore, the rotation of the reverse idle gear 33c is opposite to the direction of rotation of the first to fourth driven gears (33b to 36b), and the main shaft 31 is reverse to the forward direction by a command for moving the vehicle backward from the vehicle. Rotated in the direction of. The rotation of the main shaft 31 is transmitted from the final drive gear 37a to the drive shaft 39 via the final driven gear 37b, and rotates the drive shaft 39 in the direction opposite to that during forward movement.
- the number of teeth of the reverse drive gear 32a is set to zr
- the number of teeth of the reverse driven gear 32b is set to Zr
- the SR motor is mechanically connected to the brake disc, there is a problem that the SR motor becomes high temperature due to frictional heat generated during braking and the heat dissipation of the brake disc deteriorates. Furthermore, the brake parts are a subject of essential maintenance inspection at the time of vehicle inspection, etc. If the SR motor is arranged in the wheel, there is a problem that maintenance inspection work becomes complicated.
- the present invention provides a four-wheel drive hybrid electric vehicle in which the SR motor is arranged on the vehicle body outside the wheel, thereby increasing the degree of freedom in layout and improving the heat dissipation of the SR motor and brake disc. Is the primary purpose.
- a transmission provided in an automobile driven only by a normal liquid fuel engine has a transmission mechanism with a large transmission ratio that operates during forward and reverse travel.
- a liquid fuel engine and an electric motor used in a hybrid vehicle have a difference in power performance that they are good at.
- liquid fuel engines have better fuel efficiency at high speeds than at low speeds, and electric motors operate with relatively high input / output efficiency from low speeds. It is required to reduce the size of the transmission by actively utilizing the drive of the electric motor at the time of starting forward or starting backward using such a difference in power performance.
- the present invention provides a four-wheel drive hybrid electric vehicle capable of reducing the size of the transmission by actively utilizing the drive of the electric motor when starting forward or starting backward. The purpose.
- a hybrid electric vehicle of the present invention includes a vehicle body, a liquid fuel engine, a transmission, first and second front wheels, a liquid fuel tank, first and first vehicles. Two switched reluctance motors, first and second rear wheels, first and second inverters, and a first battery.
- the liquid fuel engine has an engine shaft that is disposed at the front of the vehicle body and is rotated by the combustion of the liquid fuel.
- the transmission is mechanically connected to the engine shaft of the liquid fuel engine, and has an output unit that accelerates or decelerates the rotation of the engine shaft and outputs the accelerated and decelerated rotation of the engine shaft.
- the first and second front wheels are rotatably disposed on the left and right of the front portion of the vehicle main body and mechanically connected to the output portion of the transmission, and are connected to the liquid fuel engine via the transmission. It is rotated by the engine shaft.
- the liquid fuel tank is disposed at a rear portion of the vehicle main body and accommodates the liquid fuel supplied to the liquid fuel engine.
- the first and second switched reluctance motors are respectively disposed on the left and right of the rear portion of the vehicle body and have an output shaft.
- the first and second rear wheels are rotatably disposed on the left and right of the rear portion of the vehicle body, and are mechanically connected to the output shafts of the first and second switched reluctance motors via a reduction mechanism, respectively.
- the first and second inverters are connected to the first and second switched reluctance motors and receive first and second motor drive signals for driving the first and second switched reluctance motors.
- the first battery is connected to the first and second inverters, and supplies power for supplying the first and second motor drive signals to the first and second switched reluctance motors. And to the second inverter.
- a hybrid electric vehicle of the present invention includes a vehicle main body, a drive command means, a liquid fuel engine, a transmission, first and second front wheels, and a liquid fuel.
- Tank first and second switched reluctance motors, first and second rear wheels, first and second inverters, first battery, first generator, and plug-in device
- the drive command means outputs a forward start signal and a reverse start signal of the vehicle in accordance with a passenger's operation.
- the liquid fuel engine has an engine shaft that is disposed at the front of the vehicle body and is rotated by the combustion of the liquid fuel.
- the transmission is mechanically connected to the engine shaft of the liquid fuel engine, and has a drive shaft that accelerates or decelerates rotation of the engine shaft and outputs acceleration or decelerated rotation of the engine shaft. Further, the gear ratio of the rotation of the drive shaft to the rotation of the engine shaft is 10 or less.
- the first and second front wheels are rotatably arranged on the left and right of the front portion of the vehicle main body, and are mechanically connected to the drive shaft of the transmission, and are connected to the liquid fuel engine via the transmission. It is rotated by the engine shaft.
- the liquid fuel tank is disposed at a rear portion of the vehicle main body and accommodates the liquid fuel supplied to the liquid fuel engine.
- the first and second switched reluctance motors have output shafts respectively arranged on the left and right of the rear portion of the vehicle main body, and are driven in a direction for moving the vehicle forward or a direction for moving the wheels backward.
- the first and second rear wheels are rotatably disposed on the left and right of the rear portion of the vehicle body, and are mechanically connected to the output shafts of the first and second switched reluctance motors via a reduction mechanism, respectively. And rotated by rotation of the output shaft of the first and second switched reluctance motors.
- the first and second inverters are connected to the first and second switched reluctance motors and receive first and second motor drive signals for driving the first and second switched reluctance motors.
- the first battery is connected to the first and second inverters, and supplies power for generating the first and second motor drive signals to the first and second inverters.
- the first generator is connected to the first battery and is disposed in the vicinity of the liquid fuel engine. The first generator generates electricity by the rotation of the engine shaft of the fuel engine, and the generated power is the first battery.
- the plug-in device is disposed on the vehicle main body and connected to the first battery, has a connection terminal with a home plug, and supplies power from the home power source to the first battery.
- the first and second front wheel rotation sensors are provided in the vicinity of the first and second front wheels and detect rotation information of the first and second front wheels.
- the first and second rear wheel rotation sensors are provided in the vicinity of the first and second rear wheels and detect rotation information of the first and second rear wheels.
- the rotation signal processing means is connected to the first and second front wheel sensors, and the first and second rear wheel sensors, and the first and second front wheels and the first and second rear wheels. And the vehicle speed signal is output.
- the first control device is connected to the rotation signal processing means, and when the speed signal output from the rotation signal processing means exceeds a predetermined first value, the liquid fuel engine performs the first and second control signals. A first drive control signal for driving the two front wheels is generated, and the first drive control signal is supplied to the liquid fuel engine.
- the second control device is connected to the drive command means, the rotation signal processing means, and the first and second inverters.
- the speed signal output from the rotation signal processing means becomes a predetermined second value larger than the first value.
- a forward command signal is output to the first and second inverters to instruct generation of first and second motor drive signals for driving the vehicle in the forward direction.
- the second control device receives a reverse start signal from the drive command means, the first and second motor drives for driving the first and second inverters in the direction of moving the vehicle backward. A reverse command signal for commanding signal generation is output.
- the layout freedom of the switched reluctance motor can be increased, and the heat dissipation of the SR motor and brake disc can be improved.
- a switched reluctance motor (hereinafter referred to as “SR motor”) is driven instead of the liquid fuel engine when starting forward, so that the shift of the transmission connected to the liquid fuel engine can be changed.
- the ratio can be 10 or less, and the number of parts of the transmission gear can be reduced.
- the reverse gear group of the transmission can be reduced by driving the switched reluctance motor during reverse travel. Due to these reductions, it is possible to provide a four-wheel drive hybrid vehicle including a transmission that is reduced in size and weight.
- FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of a hybrid electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the drive designation
- Vehicle body 2. Liquid fuel engine, 3. Transmission, 4. First generator, 40. Second generator, 5. First battery, 50. Second battery, 6. Plug-in device, 8. First switched. Reluctance motor (SR motor), 80 first inverter, 9 second switched reluctance motor (SR motor), 90 second inverter, 10 first reduction gear (deceleration mechanism), 11 second reduction gear ( Deceleration mechanism), 12 fuel tank, 13 fuel supply means, 14 first rotation sensor, 15 second rotation sensor, 16 third rotation sensor, 17 fourth rotation sensor, 18 rotation processing means, 19 first Control device, 20 second control device, 21 drive command means, 22 first front wheel, 23 second front wheel, 24 first rear wheel, 25 second rear wheel
- FIG. 1 is a system block diagram showing a system configuration of a four-wheel drive hybrid electric vehicle of the present invention.
- a liquid fuel engine 2 is disposed in a front portion of a vehicle body 1 of a four-wheel drive hybrid electric vehicle (hereinafter referred to as “hybrid 4WD”) 100, and the liquid fuel engine 2 is rotated by combustion of the liquid fuel. have.
- hybrid 4WD four-wheel drive hybrid electric vehicle
- a liquid fuel tank 12 is disposed at the rear of the vehicle body 1 and contains liquid fuel to be supplied to the liquid fuel engine 2.
- a fuel supply means 13 for supplying the liquid fuel stored in the liquid fuel tank 12 to the liquid fuel engine 2 is provided between the liquid fuel tank 12 and the liquid fuel engine 2.
- the transmission 3 is mechanically connected to the engine shaft 30 of the liquid fuel engine 2, and the rotation of the engine shaft 30 is accelerated or decelerated (shifted), and the accelerated or decelerated (shifted) rotation of the engine shaft 30 is output.
- the drive shaft 39 is provided.
- a first front wheel (front right wheel) 22 and a second front wheel (front left wheel) 23 are rotatably arranged on the left and right of the front portion of the vehicle body 1.
- the drive shaft 39 of the transmission 3 includes a right front wheel drive shaft 39a and a left front wheel drive shaft 39b.
- the first front wheel 22 is a right front wheel drive shaft 39a
- the second front wheel 23 is a left front wheel drive shaft.
- First and second SR motors 8 and 9 are arranged on the left and right of the rear part of the vehicle body 1, and the first and second SR motors 8 and 9 include first and second SR motors 8 and 9. Are provided with output shafts 8a and 9a.
- first and second SR motors SR motors having the same structure are used as 8, 9, but the detailed structure will be described later.
- the first and second SR motors 8 and 9 are arranged not in the wheel of the wheel but in the rear portion of the vehicle main body 1, thereby improving the degree of freedom of arrangement of the first and second SR motors. .
- a first rear wheel (rear right wheel) 24 and a second rear wheel (rear left wheel) 25 are rotatably arranged on the left and right of the rear portion of the vehicle body 1.
- the first rear wheel 24 is mechanically connected to the output shaft 8 a of the first SR motor 8 via the first reduction gear (reduction mechanism) 10, and the second rear wheel 25 is the second SR motor 9.
- the output shaft 9a is mechanically connected via a second reduction gear (deceleration mechanism) 11.
- the rotation of the output shafts 8a, 9a of the first and second SR motors 8, 9 is decelerated and transmitted to the first and second rear wheels 23, 24.
- a first inverter 80 is integrally arranged and electrically connected to the first SR motor 8, and the first inverter 80 is a first motor for driving the first SR motor 8.
- a drive signal is supplied to the first SR motor 8.
- a second inverter 90 is integrally disposed in the second SR motor 9 and electrically connected to the motor body of the second SR motor 9, and the second inverter 90 is connected to the second SR motor 9.
- a second motor drive signal for driving the SR motor 9 is supplied.
- a first battery 5 is disposed at the rear of the vehicle body 1, and the first battery 5 is connected to the first and second inverters 80, 90, and the first and second inverters 80, 90 are connected to the first battery 5. Electric power for supplying the first and second motor drive signals to the first and second SR motors 8 and 9 is supplied to the first and second inverters 80 and 90.
- the 1st battery 5 of this embodiment is a lithium ion battery with the electrical storage voltage of 50V or more.
- a first generator 4 is disposed that is connected to the first battery 5, supplies power to the first battery 5, and charges the first battery 5. .
- the first generator 4 is mechanically connected to the engine shaft of the liquid fuel engine 2, generates power by the rotation of the engine shaft, and supplies the generated power to the first battery 5.
- a plug-in device 6 having a connection terminal 6a with a home plug 60 is disposed on the left side surface portion (left side of the paper surface) of the vehicle body 1.
- the plug-in device 6 is connected to the first battery 5 via an AC / DC converter 7 that converts a power signal of an AC household power supply of 50 Hz or 60 Hz into a direct current.
- the first battery 5 can also be charged from the power source.
- First and second front wheel rotation sensors 14 and 15 are provided in the vicinity of the first and second front wheels 21 and 22, and the first and second front wheel rotation sensors 14 and 15 allow the first and second front wheel rotation sensors 14 and 15. The rotation information of the front wheels 21 and 22 is detected. Also, first and second rear wheel rotation sensors 16 and 17 are provided in the vicinity of the first and second rear wheels 23 and 24, and the first and second rear wheel rotation sensors 116 and 17 The rotation information of the first and second front wheels 21 and 22 is detected.
- the first and second front wheel rotation sensors 14 and 15 and the first and second rear wheel rotation sensors 16 and 17 are connected to rotation processing means 18 provided in the vehicle body 1, respectively.
- the speed signal of the electric vehicle 100 is processed.
- the rotation processing means 18 is connected to the first and second control devices 19 and 20 arranged in the vehicle main body 1, and the speed signal of the electric vehicle (vehicle) 100 processed by the rotation processing means 18 is the first and The data is output to the second control devices 19 and 20.
- the drive command means 21 is connected to the first control device 19 and the second control device 20, and commands driving of the vehicle.
- the first control device 19 is connected to the liquid fuel engine 2, generates a first drive control signal for driving the first and second front wheels 21, 22 by the liquid fuel engine 2, and sends the first drive control signal to the liquid fuel engine 5. 1 drive signal is supplied.
- the first control device 19 is also connected to the fuel supply means 13 and controls the supply of fuel from the fuel tank 12 to the liquid fuel engine 5. Further, the first control device 19 is also connected to the first generator 4 and controls the electric power generated by the first generator 4.
- the second control device 20 is connected to the first and second inverters 80, 90, and drives the first and second SR motors 8, 9 to the first and second inverters 80, 90.
- a command signal for instructing to supply the first and second motor drive signals is output.
- FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the drive command means 21, the first and second control devices 19 and 20, and the rotation processing means 18.
- FIG. 3 illustrates switching between driving by the liquid fuel engine 2 and driving by the first and second SR motors 8 and 9, wherein the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents vehicle speed.
- a solid line indicates a state in which the vehicle 100 is driven by the first or second SR motor 8 or 9
- a broken line indicates a state in which the vehicle 100 is driven by the liquid fuel engine 2. Is shown.
- the drive command means 21 includes a shift lever 21a for designating a drive mode by a passenger's operation and a display unit 21b for displaying the drive mode.
- the hybrid 4WD of the present embodiment includes an automatic transmission 3, and the setting of the drive command means 21 corresponds to the transmission 3. That is, “P (parking)” of the drive mode is the vehicle stop, “R (reverse)” is the reverse drive mode 21d of the vehicle, “N (neutral)” is the drive stop of the vehicle wheels (22 to 25), “ Both “D (drive)” and “L (low)” indicate the forward drive mode 21c of the vehicle.
- the second control device 20 is connected to the drive designation means 21, the first and second inverters 80 and 90, and the rotation signal processing means 18.
- a forward start signal is input from the drive designation means 21 to the second control device 20. Is done.
- the second control device 20 operates in preference to the first control device 19. That is, the first and second motor drive signals for driving the first and second SR motors 8 and 9 are supplied from the second control device 20 to the first and second inverters 80 and 90.
- a forward command signal for instructing to output is output. By this command signal, the vehicle starts forward from the stop state.
- a reverse start signal is input from the drive specifying means 21 to the second control device 20.
- the second control device 20 operates in preference to the first control device 19. That is, the first and second motor drive signals for driving the first and second SR motors 8 and 9 are supplied from the second control device 20 to the first and second inverters 80 and 90.
- a reverse command signal for instructing to output is output. By this command signal, the vehicle starts backward from the stopped state.
- the first and second SR motors 8 and 9 are set to be driven by a command signal from the second control device 20, and the liquid fuel engine 2 does not operate.
- the speed signal output from the rotation signal processing means 18 after the vehicle starts forward from the stop state according to the command signal from the second control device 20 is a predetermined second value (in FIG. [km / h]), first and second motor drive signals for driving the first and second SR motors 8 and 9 are supplied to the first and second inverters 80 and 90.
- a command signal for commanding is output.
- the first control device 19 is connected to the liquid fuel engine 2 and when the speed signal output from the rotation signal processing means 18 exceeds a predetermined first value (50 [km / h] in FIG. 2).
- the liquid fuel engine 5 generates a first drive control signal for driving the first and second front wheels 21 and 22, and supplies the first drive signal to the liquid fuel engine 5.
- the first control device 19 is also connected to the fuel supply means 13 and controls the supply of fuel from the fuel tank 12 to the liquid fuel engine 5. Further, the first control device 19 is also connected to the first generator 4 and controls the electric power generated by the first generator 4.
- the liquid fuel engine 2 travels.
- the fuel consumption per distance is larger than the medium speed to the high speed state, and the low speed to the medium speed state is a so-called poor fuel consumption state. Therefore, in such a low-speed to medium-speed state, only the first and second SR motors 8 and 9 are actively driven by the second control device 20.
- the first and second SR motors 8 and 9 are driven by the second control device, and the liquid fuel engine 5 is also driven by the first control device 19.
- the fuel efficiency is further improved. Therefore, the first and second SR motors 8, 9 is stopped, and only the liquid fuel engine 5 is actively driven by the first control device 19. By switching the drive like this, fuel efficiency can be improved. Further, by allowing the first battery 5 to be charged from a household power source, it is possible to further improve fuel efficiency.
- the first value and the second value are set to different values, and the vehicle 100 is driven by the liquid fuel engine 2 and the first and second SR motors in the medium speed to the high speed state. 8 and 9 are set so that the vehicle 100 is driven simultaneously. However, the first value and the second value are set to substantially the same value, and the driving speed of the vehicle 100 by the liquid fuel engine 2 and the driving of the vehicle 100 by the first and second SR motors 8 and 9 are simultaneously performed. May be set to switch from driving the vehicle 100 by the first and second SR motors 8 and 9 to driving the vehicle 100 by the liquid fuel engine 2 at the first value (second value).
- a second battery apart from the first battery 5 that supplies power to the first and second SR motors 8 and 9, a second battery comprising a lead storage battery having a storage voltage of 50 V or less, as in a normal vehicle. 50.
- the second battery 50 supplies electric power to vehicle auxiliary equipment such as headlamps other than the first and second SR motors 8 and 9.
- the second battery 50 is connected to the second battery 50 and charged for the second battery 50 in the same manner as a normal vehicle.
- the generator 40 is provided. Similar to the first generator 4, the second generator 40 is disposed in the vicinity of the liquid fuel engine 2. The second generator 40 generates power by the rotation of the engine shaft of the liquid fuel engine 2, and the generated power is supplied to the second battery 50. Supply.
- FIG. 4 shows the structure of the transmission 3 according to the present embodiment. The structure will be described below with reference to FIG.
- an engine shaft 30 of the liquid fuel engine 2 is inserted into the transmission 3, and is arranged rotatably inside the transmission 3.
- the engine shaft 30 inserted into the transmission 3 includes a second drive gear 34a, a second drive gear 34a, and a second drive gear 34 in order from the side closer to the liquid fuel engine 2 (right side of the drawing) to the side farther from the liquid fuel engine 2 (left side of the drawing).
- the third drive gear 35a and the fourth drive gear 36a are integrally formed.
- the number of teeth z2 of the second drive gear 34a is the smallest, the number of teeth z3 of the third drive gear 35a, and the number of teeth of the fourth drive gear 36a.
- the number of teeth is set to increase in the order of the number z4.
- a main shaft 31 as a driven shaft is rotatably disposed inside the transmission 3 like the engine shaft 30 at a position parallel to the engine shaft 30 as the main driving shaft.
- the main shaft 31 has a final drive gear 37a, a second driven gear 34b, and a third driven gear in order from the side closer to the liquid fuel engine 2 (right side of the drawing) to the side farther from the liquid fuel engine 2 (left side of the drawing). 35b and a fourth driven gear 36b are provided.
- the final drive gear 37a is integrally formed with the main shaft 31.
- a concave serration 31a extending in the axial direction is formed at an equal pitch in the circumferential direction on the circumferential surface portion (on the left side of the drawing) of the main shaft 31 where the final drive gear 37a is not formed.
- 34b, the third driven gear 35b, and the fourth driven gear 36b are movable in the axial direction along the above-described recess shape of the main shaft 31, and are restrained by the main shaft 31 in the circumferential direction. Further, the axial movement of the second to fourth driven shafts (34b to 36b) is controlled by a command from the vehicle.
- the number of teeth Z2 of the second driven gear 34b is the largest, the number of teeth Z3 of the third driven gear 35b, and the number of teeth Z4 of the fourth driven gear 36b in this order.
- the number is set to be small.
- the second driven gear 34b is set so as to mesh with the second drive gear 34a, and the second drive gear 34a and the second drive gear 34b mesh with each other to form the second gear pair 33.
- the third driven gear 35b is set to mesh with the third drive gear 35a, and the third drive gear 35a and the second drive gear 35b are meshed to form a third gear pair 35.
- the fourth driven gear 36b is set so as to mesh with the fourth drive gear 36a, and the fourth drive gear 36a and the second drive gear 36b mesh with each other to form a fourth gear pair 36.
- the second to fourth driven gears (34b to 36b) are moved in the axial direction of the main shaft 31 by a command from the vehicle, and one of the second to fourth gear pairs (34 to 36) is moved. Only one gear pair is controlled to be selected.
- the gear ratio r2 of the second gear pair is Z2 / z2
- the gear ratio r3 of the third gear pair is Z3 / z3
- the gear ratio r4 of the fourth gear pair is Z4 / z4.
- the main shaft 31 rotates with the rotation of the engine shaft 30 decelerated or accelerated at the gear ratio (r2 to r4) of the selected gear pair.
- the hybrid 4WD according to the present embodiment is required for starting because the liquid fuel engine 2 is not operated when starting forward, and the first and second SR motors 8 and 9 are operated. It is not necessary to rotate the drive shaft 39 with a sufficient torque. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7 as a conventional example, the first gear pair 33 composed of the first drive gear 33a and the first driven gear 33b having a large gear ratio is unnecessary. Therefore, the number of parts can be reduced as compared with the conventional example.
- a drive shaft 39 is rotatably disposed on the transmission 3 in the same manner as the main shaft 31 at a position parallel to the main shaft 31. In one direction (rightward in the drawing), the right front wheel drive shaft 39a is disposed in the transmission 3. The left front wheel drive shaft 39b protrudes from the transmission 3 in the other direction (left rear 9 in the drawing).
- a differential gear 38 is provided at the axial center of the drive shaft 39 inside the transmission 3.
- a final driven gear 37 b is connected to the outer periphery of the differential gear 38.
- the final driven gear 37b is set to mesh with a final drive gear 37a integrally formed with the main shaft 31, and a final gear pair 37 is formed by the final drive gear 37a and the final drive gear 37b.
- the number of teeth of the final drive gear 37a is set to zf
- the number of teeth of the final driven gear 37b is set to Zf
- the reduction ratio rf of the final gear pair 37 is Zf / zf.
- the reduction ratio rf is set to about 3 to about 6.
- the gear ratio R2 is selected.
- the gear ratio R2 is set to about 6 to 9
- the gear ratio R3 is set to about 4 to 7
- the speed ratio R4 is set to about 3 to 5. Therefore, the first and second SR motors 8 and 9 are driven and the liquid fuel engine 2 is not driven under traveling conditions from forward start to medium speed and medium torque where low speed and high torque are required.
- the speed ratio of the rotational speed Nd of the drive shaft 39 to the rotational speed Ne of the engine shaft 30 is set to be 10 or less.
- the structure of the transmission 3 for reversing the vehicle is as described above at the end of the engine shaft 30 inside the transmission 3 closer to the liquid fuel engine (on the right side of the drawing).
- the reverse drive gear 32 a is integrally formed with the engine shaft 30, and the reverse driven gear 32 b is integrally formed with the main shaft 31.
- the transmission 3 includes a reverse idle gear 32c that can move in the axial direction of the engine shaft 30 and the main shaft 31 that are arranged in parallel.
- the reverse gear group 32 including the reverse drive gear 32a, the reverse driven gear 32b, and the reverse idle gear 32c exists as a structure of the transmission 3 for reversing the vehicle.
- the reverse of the vehicle is driven by the first and second SR motors 8 and 9 and is not driven by the liquid fuel engine 2. Therefore, in the transmission 3 of the present embodiment, the above-described reverse gear group 32 is not necessary, and the reverse gear group is not provided. Thereby, the number of parts of the transmission 3 is reduced as compared with the conventional example.
- the transmission 3 does not require the first gear pair 33 and the reverse gear group 32 having a large gear ratio as in the conventional example shown in FIG.
- the number of parts of the machine 3 is greatly reduced.
- the transmission 3 is significantly smaller and lighter than the conventional example.
- the dimension L in the axial direction of the drive shaft 31 is significantly reduced.
- a four-wheel drive hybrid electric vehicle 100 in which the size reduction of the transmission 3 is improved is provided.
- the first and second SR motors 8 and 9 are SR motors 8 (9) having the same structure described below.
- 3 is a perspective view of the SR motor
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the SR motor indicated by AA in FIG.
- the SR motor 8 (9) of the present embodiment includes a cylindrical stator 42 having six stator salient poles 46 integrally formed at an equal pitch radially inward, and rotatable inside the stator 42.
- a rotor 44 having four rotor salient poles 47 arranged and integrally formed at an equal pitch radially outward is provided.
- the stator 42 and the rotor 44 are formed by integrally laminating thin steel plates.
- U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase coils 48 are wound around the stator salient poles 46, respectively.
- a hole for fitting with the shaft 45 is provided, and the shaft 45 is fixed to the hole for fitting.
- a front bracket 41 and an end bracket 42 are disposed at both ends of the stator 42 in which the rotor 44 is disposed, and are fixed to the stator 42 with set bolts 49.
- bearings (not shown) are arranged at the center portions of the front bracket 41 and the end bracket 42, and the shaft 45 of the rotor 44 is rotatably supported by these bearings. Then, when the first or second motor drive signal is supplied to the coil 8, the rotor 44 rotates.
- the first and second SR motors 8 and 9 are disposed not in the wheel but in the rear part of the vehicle body 1, thereby increasing the degree of freedom in layout of the first and second SR motors 8 and 9. It is possible to provide a four-wheel drive hybrid electric vehicle capable of improving the heat dissipation of the SR motor and the brake disc.
- the SR motor by arranging the SR motor on the vehicle main body outside the wheel, the degree of freedom in laying out the SR motor on the vehicle is increased, and the heat dissipation of the SR motor and the brake disc can be improved.
- a hybrid electric vehicle can be provided. Further, it is possible to provide a four-wheel drive hybrid electric vehicle capable of downsizing the transmission by actively using the drive of the electric motor when starting forward or backward.
Abstract
Description
本願は、2008年2月14日に日本に出願された特願2008-33587号及び2008年2月27日に日本に出願された特願2008-45928号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
しかしながら、このような4輪駆動のハイブリッド電気自動車においては、ディファレンシャルギヤ、電磁クラッチなどの機械部品が存在し、その機械部品の重量により燃費の低減が困難である。そのため、その機械部品の重量の軽減により、より一層の燃費向上が求められている。
一方、自動車は、一般に、液体燃料エンジンの出力部であるエンジンシャフトの回転を車輪に伝達し、車輪の回転より走行する。
このとき、低速かつ高トルクでの走行である登坂での車両の発進などや、高速かつ低トルクでの走行である高速道路走行などの走行モードに対応させるため、変速機によりエンジンシャフトの回転は減速または加速(変速)され、車輪へと伝達される。すなわち、減速または加速されたエンジンシャフトの回転によりドライブシャフトを回転させ、ドライブシャフトに接続された車輪を回転させることにより自動車は走行する。特に、停止状態から車両を発進させるためには、車輪を大きなトルクで回転する必要があるため、変速機には、エンジンシャフトの回転を大幅に減速する機構が必要となる。
上述のように変速機3の内部のエンジンシャフト30の液体燃料エンジン2に近い方(紙面右側)の端部には、リバースドライブギヤ32aがエンジンシャフト30に一体形成されている。また、メインシャフト31には、リバースドリブンギヤ32bがメインシャフト31に一体形成されている。リバースドリブンギヤ32bは、リバースドライブギヤ32aと軸方向は同一の位置に配置されているものの、リバースドライブギヤ32aとリバースドリブンギヤ32bとは直接噛み合わない設定となっている。
さらに、ブレーキ部品は車検時等に必須の保守点検の対象であり、SRモータがホイール内に配置されていると、保守点検の作業が煩雑となる問題もある。
液体燃料エンジンは、前記車両本体の前部に配置され、液体燃料の燃焼により回転されるエンジンシャフトを有する。変速機は、前記液体燃料エンジンの前記エンジンシャフトに機械的に接続され、前記エンジンシャフトの回転の回転を加速又は減速し、前記エンジンシャフトの加減速した回転を出力する出力部を有する。第1および第2の前輪は、前記車両本体の前部の左右に回転自在に配置されるとともに前記変速機の前記出力部に機械的に接続され、前記変速機を介し、前記液体燃料エンジンの前記エンジンシャフトにより回転される。液体燃料タンクは、前記車両本体の後部に配置され、前記液体燃料エンジンに供給する前記液体燃料を収容する。第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータは、前記車両本体の後部の左右にそれぞれ配置され、出力軸を有する。第1および第2の後輪は、前記車両本体の後部の左右に回転自在に配置され、それぞれ前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータの前記出力軸に減速機構を介して機械的に接続され、前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータの前記出力軸の回転により回転する。第1および第2のインバータは、前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータに接続され、前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータを駆動するための第1および第2のモータ駆動信号を供給する。第1のバッテリーは、前記第1および第2のインバータに接続され、前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータに前記第1および第2のモータ駆動信号を供給するための電力を前記第1および第2のインバータに供給する。
駆動指令手段は、乗客の操作により、前記車両の前進の発進信号および後進の発進信号を出力する。液体燃料エンジンは、前記車両本体の前部に配置され、液体燃料の燃焼により回転されるエンジンシャフトを有する。変速機は、前記液体燃料エンジンの前記エンジンシャフトに機械的に接続され、前記エンジンシャフトの回転の回転を加速又は減速し、前記エンジンシャフトの加速または減速した回転を出力するドライブシャフトを有する。また、エンジンシャフトの回転に対するドライブシャフトの回転の変速比は10以下である。第1および第2の前輪は、前記車両本体の前部の左右に回転自在に配置されるとともに前記変速機の前記ドライブシャフトに機械的に接続され、前記変速機を介し、前記液体燃料エンジンの前記エンジンシャフトにより回転される。液体燃料タンクは、前記車両本体の後部に配置され、前記液体燃料エンジンに供給する前記液体燃料を収容する。第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータは、前記車両本体の後部の左右にそれぞれ配置された出力軸を有し、車両を前進させる方向又は車輪を後進させる方向に駆動する。第1および第2の後輪は、前記車両本体の後部の左右に回転自在に配置され、それぞれ前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータの前記出力軸に減速機構を介して機械的に接続され、前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータの前記出力軸の回転により回転する。第1および第2のインバータは、前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータに接続され、前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータを駆動するための第1および第2のモータ駆動信号を発生し、第1および第2のモータ駆動信号を前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータへそれぞれ供給する。第1のバッテリーは、前記第1および第2のインバータに接続され、前記第1および第2のモータ駆動信号を発生するための電力を前記第1および第2のインバータに供給する。第1の発電機は、前記第1のバッテリーと接続されるとともに前記液体燃料エンジンの近傍に配置され、前記燃料エンジンの前記エンジンシャフトの回転によって発電し、発電された電力を前記第1のバッテリーに供給する。プラグイン装置は、前記車両本体に配置されるとともに前記第1のバッテリーに接続され、家庭用プラグとの接続端子を有し、前記家庭用電源からの電力を前記第1のバッテリーに供給する。第1および第2の前輪回転センサは、前記第1および第2の前輪の近傍に設けられ、前記第1および第2の前輪の回転情報を検出する。第1および第2の後輪回転センサは、前記第1および第2の後輪の近傍に設けられ、前記第1および第2の後輪の回転情報を検出する。回転信号処理手段は、前記第1および第2の前輪センサ、ならびに前記第1および第2の後輪センサに接続され、前記第1および第2の前輪、ならびに前記第1および第2の後輪の回転情報を処理し、前記車両の速度信号を出力する。第1の制御装置は、前記回転信号処理手段に接続され、前記回転信号処理手段が出力する前記速度信号が、予め定められた第1の値を超えると前記液体燃料エンジンにより前記第1および第2の前輪を駆動する第1の駆動制御信号を発生し、前記液体燃料エンジンに第1の駆動制御信号を供給する。第2の制御装置は、前記駆動指令手段、前記回転信号処理手段、ならびに前記第1および第2のインバータに接続される。また、第2の制御装置は、前記駆動指令手段から前進の発進信号を受けると前記回転信号処理手段が出力する前記速度信号が、前記第1の値より大きい予め定められた第2の値に達するまでは前記第1および第2のインバータに、車両を前進させる方向に駆動するための第1および第2のモータ駆動信号の発生を指令する前進指令信号を出力する。さらに、第2の制御装置は、前記駆動指令手段から後進の発進信号を受けると、前記第1および第2のインバータに、車両を後進させる方向に駆動するための第1および第2のモータ駆動信号の発生を指令する後進指令信号を出力する。
図1は、本発明の4輪駆動のハイブリッド電気自動車のシステム構成を示すシステムブロック図である。4輪駆動のハイブリッド電気自動車(以下「ハイブリッド4WD」という)100の車両本体1の前部分には液体燃料エンジン2が配置され、液体燃料エンジン2は、液体燃料の燃焼により回転されるエンジンシャフト30を有している。
Claims (7)
- 車両の車両本体と、
前記車両本体の前部に配置され、液体燃料の燃焼により回転されるエンジンシャフトを有する液体燃料エンジンと、
前記液体燃料エンジンの前記エンジンシャフトに機械的に接続され、前記エンジンシャフトの回転の回転を加速又は減速し、前記エンジンシャフトの加減速した回転を出力する出力部を有する変速機と、
前記車両本体の前部の左右に回転自在に配置されるとともに前記変速機の前記出力部に機械的に接続され、前記変速機を介し、前記液体燃料エンジンの前記エンジンシャフトにより回転される第1および第2の前輪と、
前記車両本体の後部に配置され、前記液体燃料エンジンに供給する前記液体燃料を収容する液体燃料タンクと、
前記車両本体の後部の左右にそれぞれ配置され、出力軸を有する第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータと、
前記車両本体の後部の左右に回転自在に配置され、それぞれ前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータの前記出力軸に減速機構を介して機械的に接続され、前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータの前記出力軸の回転により回転する第1および第2の後輪と、
前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータに接続され、前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータを駆動するための第1および第2のモータ駆動信号を供給する第1および第2のインバータと、
前記第1および第2のインバータに接続され、前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータに前記第1および第2のモータ駆動信号を供給するための電力を前記第1および第2のインバータに供給する第1のバッテリーと、
を備えるハイブリッド電気自動車。 - 前記第1および第2の前輪の近傍に設けられ、前記第1および第2の前輪の回転情報を検出する第1および第2の前輪回転センサと、
前記第1および第2の後輪の近傍に設けられ、前記第1および第2の後輪の回転情報を検出する第1および第2の後輪センサと前記第1および第の2の前輪センサ、ならびに前記第1および第2の後輪センサに接続され、前記第1および第2の前輪、ならびに前記第1および第2の後輪の回転情報を処理し、前記車両の速度信号を出力する回転信号処理手段と、
前記回転信号処理手段に接続され、前記回転信号処理手段が出力する前記速度信号が、予め定められた第1の値を超えると前記液体燃料エンジンにより前記第1および第2の前輪を駆動する第1の駆動制御信号を発生し、前記液体燃料エンジンに第1の駆動制御信号を供給する第1の制御装置と、
前記回転信号処理手段、ならびに前記第1および第2のインバータに接続され、前記回転信号処理手段が出力する前記速度信号が、前記第1の値より大きい予め定められた第2の値に達するまでは前記第1および第2のインバータに、前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータを駆動するための第1および第2のモータ駆動信号を供給するための指令信号を出力する第2の制御装置と、
を備える請求項1に記載のハイブリッド電気自動車。 - 前記第1のバッテリーに接続されるとともに前記液体燃料エンジンの近傍に配置され、前記燃料エンジンの前記エンジンシャフトの回転によって発電し、発電された電力を前記第1のバッテリーに供給する第1の発電機と、
前記車両本体に配置されるとともに、前記第1のバッテリーに接続され、家庭用プラグとの接続端子を有し、前記家庭用電源からの電力を前記第1のバッテリーに供給するプラグイン装置と、
を備える請求項2に記載のハイブリッド電気自動車。 - 車両の車両本体と、
乗客の操作により、前記車両の前進の発進信号および後進の発進信号を出力する駆動指令手段と、
前記車両本体の前部に配置され、液体燃料の燃焼により回転されるエンジンシャフトを有する液体燃料エンジンと、
前記液体燃料エンジンの前記エンジンシャフトに機械的に接続され、前記エンジンシャフトの回転の回転を加速又は減速し、前記エンジンシャフトの加速または減速した回転を出力するドライブシャフトを有し、エンジンシャフトの回転に対するドライブシャフトの回転の変速比が10以下である変速機と、
前記車両本体の前部の左右に回転自在に配置されるとともに前記変速機の前記ドライブシャフトに機械的に接続され、前記変速機を介し、前記液体燃料エンジンの前記エンジンシャフトにより回転される第1および第2の前輪と、
前記車両本体の後部に配置され、前記液体燃料エンジンに供給する前記液体燃料を収容する液体燃料タンクと、
前記車両本体の後部の左右にそれぞれ配置され、出力軸有し、車両を前進させる方向又は車輪を後進させる方向に駆動する第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータと、
前記車両本体の後部の左右に回転自在に配置され、それぞれ前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータの前記出力軸に減速機構を介して機械的に接続され、前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータの前記出力軸の回転により回転する第1および第2の後輪と、
前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータに接続され、前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータを駆動するための第1および第2のモータ駆動信号を発生し、第1および第2のモータ駆動信号を前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータへそれぞれ供給する第1および第2のインバータと、
前記第1および第2のインバータに接続され、前記第1および第2のモータ駆動信号を発生するための電力を前記第1および第2のインバータに供給する第1のバッテリーと、
前記第1のバッテリーと接続されるとともに前記液体燃料エンジンの近傍に配置され、前記燃料エンジンの前記エンジンシャフトの回転によって発電し、発電された電力を前記第1のバッテリーに供給する第1の発電機と、
前記車両本体に配置されるとともに前記第1のバッテリーに接続され、家庭用プラグとの接続端子を有し、前記家庭用電源からの電力を前記第1のバッテリーに供給するプラグイン装置と、
前記第1および第2の前輪の近傍に設けられ、前記第1および第2の前輪の回転情報を検出する第1および第2の前輪回転センサと、
前記第1および第2の後輪の近傍に設けられ、前記第1および第2の後輪の回転情報を検出する第1および第2の後輪回転センサと、
前記第1および第2の前輪センサ、ならびに前記第1および第2の後輪センサに接続され、前記第1および第2の前輪、ならびに前記第1および第2の後輪の回転情報を処理し、前記車両の速度信号を出力する回転信号処理手段と、
前記回転信号処理手段に接続され、前記回転信号処理手段が出力する前記速度信号が、予め定められた第1の値を超えると前記液体燃料エンジンにより前記第1および第2の前輪を駆動する第1の駆動制御信号を発生し、前記液体燃料エンジンに第1の駆動制御信号を供給する第1の制御装置と、
前記駆動指令手段、前記回転信号処理手段、ならびに前記第1および第2のインバータに接続され、前記駆動指令手段から前進の発進信号を受けると前記回転信号処理手段が出力する前記速度信号が、前記第1の値より大きい予め定められた第2の値に達するまでは前記第1および第2のインバータに、車両を前進させる方向に駆動するための第1および第2のモータ駆動信号の発生を指令する前進指令信号を出力するとともに、前記駆動指令手段から後進の発進信号を受けると、前記第1および第2のインバータに、車両を後進させる方向に駆動するための第1および第2のモータ駆動信号の発生を指令する後進指令信号を出力する第2の制御装置と、
を備えるハイブリッド電気自動車。 - 前記第1の値と前記第2の値が略同一である請求項1に記載のハイブリッド電気自動車。
- 前記第1の値と前記第2の値が略同一である請求項4に記載のハイブリッド電気自動車。
- 前記第1および第2のスイッチトリラクタンスモータ以外の車両用補機に電力を供給するための蓄電電圧50V以下の鉛蓄電池である第2のバッテリーと、
前記第2のバッテリーと接続されるとともに前記液体燃料エンジンの近傍に配置され、前記燃料エンジンの前記エンジンシャフトに回転から発電した電力を前記第2のバッテリーに供給する第2の発電機とを備え、
前記第1のバッテリーは、蓄電電圧50Vを超えるリチウムイオン電池である請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載のハイブリッド電気自動車。
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